RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR FPSO
Dr. Iwan D. Aryawan Senior Specialist Naval Architect for Floating Structures Workshop Deepwater Technology for Indonesian Water ITS-Surabaya, 22-23 November, 2005
PROGRAM
ITS-Surabaya
• FLOATING OFFSHORE INSTALLATIONS • FPSO CONCEPT • RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR FPSO • RULES BASED ASSESSMENT – Overview – Hull Structures – Positional Mooring • CLOSING REMARKS
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
FLOATING OFFSHORE INSTALLATIONS
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
Some Driving Factors
ITS-Surabaya
• Water depth • Infrastructures around the field development • The size of the reservoir • Demolition requirement
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Floating Offshore Installations
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Asia (20) North Sea (14) West Africa (10)
Barge (1%) Spar (2%) TLP (8%) Jackup (11%)
FPSO (52%)
Semi (26%)
Around 140 Operational Floating Production Units Surabaya, 23 November 2005
Floating Platforms for Deepwater Development (> 500m, 2004 onward)
ITS-Surabaya
Location
Type of Floating Platform
Number
USA (GoM)
Semi-submersible TLP Spar
3 3 7
South America
FPSO Semi-Submersible
10 2
Asia Pacific
FPSO TLP
2 1 (West Seno-Unocal)
West Africa
FPSO TLP FSO
11 1 1
Source: Offshore Engineer, April’2005 Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
FPSO Floating Production Storage and Offloading
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
Characteristics of FPSO
ITS-Surabaya
• Large storage capacity • Large topside area • Proven offloading • ‘Fast track’ development • Re-usability • Proven floating concept – (ship-shaped platform)
Rules and Regulations FPSO = Ship ? Surabaya, 23 November 2005
RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR FPSO
ITS-Surabaya
Operation mode
National Authority (Coastal State)
Class
Voyage mode
International Regulation Flag State •SOLAS •MARPOL •Loadline •Tonnage
Class. Societies (LR, ABS, DnV, etc.) Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
CLASS RULE BASED ASSESSMENT
• LR Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Floating Offshore Installation at a Fixed Location, July 1999. • LR Rules: LR Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships, July 2004.
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
Some Key Points
ITS-Surabaya
• Site-specific environmental conditions • Cross-reference with the ship rules (scantlings) • Verification through first principal approach/Model tests – – –
Hydrodynamic analyses/Model Tests FEA (SDA) Fatigue Assessment (FDA)
• Other recognise codes/standards • Continuously developed Surabaya, 23 November 2005
Site-Specific Environmental Conditions
ITS-Surabaya
• Water depth • Wind • Wave • Current • Temperature • Sea bed/soil conditions • Marine growth Surabaya, 23 November 2005
100 Year Wave Contours 20
20
ITS-Surabaya
18
16
14
12
Hs 10
8
6
4
4 2 2
6
10
14 TP1
18 2 , i
, TP2
2 , i
, TP3
22 2 , i
26
30 30
Tp Surabaya, 23 November 2005
Hull Assessment
ITS-Surabaya
• Structural Arrangements • Longitudinal Strength • Hull Deflections and Accelerations • Structural Analysis • Model Tests
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Structural Arrangement
Ballast tanks
• • • •
Tank arrangement Double sides/double bottom Accommodation fwd/aft Topside facilities location Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
Hull longitudinal strength
ITS-Surabaya
Maximum hogging
Maximum sagging
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
Site-specific bending moment
LR Ru le
Bending M om ent
ITS-Surabaya
D eep D r a ft
Lig h t D r a ft
0
50
100
150
200
250
D i s tan ce fro m A ft Pe rp e n d i cu l ar (m )
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
100 Year Deep Draft
LR Ru le
Shear Force
ITS-Surabaya
Site-specific shear force
Light Draft
0
50
100
150
200
250
D istance from Aft Perpendicular (m)
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Hull Bending Moment Capacity
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Deck Structures Deflections •Elongation range for fatigue calculation •Minimum (-) and maximum (+) deformations BM Rigid
Values increased
Rigid
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
Hull Accelerations
ITS-Surabaya
100year Criteria, Vessel Heading Sensitive
Trans.
0.20g
0.20g
0.25g
Long.
0.40g
0.35g
0.45g
Vert.
1.90g
1.30g
2.10g
Due to rigid-body 6DOF components Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
FEA Cargo Tank
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Turret Integration – FE Stress Plot
Loading * Mooring system and risers * Hull girder SF & BM * Internal/external pressure
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Topside Support
Gravity loading Hull motions Hull girder stresses Hull girder deflections
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Sloshing
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Non-linear FEA
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
Model Testing
ITS-Surabaya
• Analysis Calibration –
vessel motion (roll damping)
–
hull girder loads
• Greenwater, Slamming/Wave Impact • Mooring/Riser design • FPSO/Shuttle tanker interaction
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Green Seas, Pitch, Sagging & Hogging
1
2
3
4 Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Bow slamming
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
MOORING ASSESSMENT
ITS-Surabaya
• Environmental Conditions • Design Aspects • Design Analysis • Material Aspects
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Mooring Configurations
Heidrun Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
YOKE MOORING
Sea Eagle Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
SPREAD MOORING
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
EXTERNAL TURRET MOORING
Whakaaropai Surabaya, 23 November 2005
Turret Mooring Systems
ITS-Surabaya
Internal
Large Internal Turret
Buoyant Turret Mooring
External
Small Internal Turret Riser Turret Mooring
External Turret Mooring Submerged Turret Production
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
MOORING COMPONENTS
Chain Wire rope
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Mooring Analysis •
Mean, Low- and Wave frequencies
•
Wind, wave and current combinations
100 year waves + 100 year wind + 10 year current 100 year waves + 10 year wind + 100 year current
•
Cross reference with API 2SK for fatigue assessment
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Wind, wave and current directions
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
What could go wrong…?
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Crack in Transverse Web Frame
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Wire Rope Problems
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Anchor Chain Problems
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
CLOSING REMARKS • FPSO concept is by far the most popular floating offshore installations • Class rules are a proven ‘performance standard’ for FPSO design • FPSO is not simply a tanker with production facility on her deck
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Rules and regulations are developed to make sure that people don’t repeat mistakes !!
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
We got a problem here !! Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
No worry mate, this is a small job !! Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya my ‘engineering judgement’ always works !! Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Oepsss !! Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Don’t worry mate, we got a bigger truck !! Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya Told ya, my engineering judgement always works !! Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya You sure it will work for this one as well? ……..Yup!! Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya need no checks or some calcs first? ……..nope…just trust me will ya!! Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
told ya, my ………….. ssssssshh !! Surabaya, 23 November 2005
ITS-Surabaya
Thank you !!
[email protected]
Surabaya, 23 November 2005
