Rodriguez 2012 TrabajoSocial Familiar

 

@bp. Cbdkc ppi 65;556]0>25? I^^G 6600-:5:Z Nlpyridtj © 65;6

Igtbrknniþg y Ubrspbntivk Vbvistk `b Prkfkml ^lnikc 65;6 _lc.6 gµ; pp.;>-6? KVPÈNRCL @B IG_B^PIDKNIÞG

Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr= Rg bspknil `b igtbdrkniþg `bs`b pbrspbntivks nlgtbhplrëgbks Zilhkrk Vl`rèdubz `b Nlr`brl

Rgivbrsi`k` `bc ]ucik

VB^RHBG

K pkrtir `b ugk igvbstidkniþg kgtbrilr nbgtrk`k bg ck fýsqub`k `b cls rbobrbgtbs tbþrinls nlg`unbgtbs k `bcihitkr cks nkrkntbrèstinks `b ugk vbrtibgtb `bc trkfkml slnikc lribgtk`k k ck vignuckniþg nlg cks okhiciks, sb `bspcbdþ ug `isbûl `lnuhbgtkc `bskrrlcck`l bg trbs hlhbgtls rbnlcbnniþg, rbocbxiþg y sègtbsis. Cls jkcckzdls prlplrnilgkrlg cks fksbs jistþrinks y tbþrinks pkrk `boigir Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr nlhl ug bspknil `b igtbdrkniþg `bc trkfkml slnikc bg dbgbrkc1 k ck vbz qub sb pckgtbkrlg `ivbrsks rbocbxilgbs. Ulr ug ck`l, sb k`virtiþ qub bstb bs ug bspknil qub gl bstë kisck`l, slg `ivbrsls cls nkhpls `bc skfbr qub pub`bg bstu`ikr okhicik, `kg`l cudkr k prlpubstks `b kntukniþg nlg `irbnniþg igtbr`isnipcigkrik, hucti`isnipcigkrik l trkgs`isnipcigkrik. Ulr ltrl ck`l, bg ug tibhpl `b nkhfils prloug`ls pkrk cks nibgniks slnikcbs, cks knnilgbs qub sb `bspcibdkg bg bc bspknil okhicikr, nlgstituybg ug nkhpl `b kntukniþg, qub sb `bsbgvubcvb gl sþcl nlhl ug prlnbsl `b kyu`k bg ug nlgtbxtl igstitunilgkc, sigl tkhfiég nlhl ug skfbr jistþrinkhbgtb nlgstrui`l k pkrtir `b sus kntlrbs slnikcbs, bgtrb cls qub sb nubgtkg okhiciks y prlobsilgkcbs. Nlhprbg`br cls hbnkgishls slfrb cls qub sb fksk bstk rbckniþg ihpcink `bvbckr cls `isplsitivls igsnritls bg sus rbcknilgbs `b pl`br igtbrpbckg`l kc pl`br `isnipcigkr y krduhbgtkg`l nlg pbrspbntivks nlgtbhplrëgbks bc bmbrninil `b gubvks prëntinks slnikcbs bg nlrrbsplg`bgnik nlg sbdýg ugk Olunkuct gubvk dufbrgkhbgtkci`k` l dufbrgkhbgtkci`k` kutþglhk qub ridb ck slnikc nukg`l sb quibrb bstkfcbnbr ugk gubvk hbgtkci`k` `b dlfbrgkr, tkc nlhl bstë sunb`ibg`l nlg cls nkhfils prlhlvi`ls plr cls rbknlhl`ls bg bc bsnbgkril cktiglkhbrinkgl `b ug gubvl prlybntl plcètinl (@ibtrinj, 6554). Ukckfrks nckvb= Prkfkml nlgtbhplrëgbks.

^lnikc

Okhicikr,

Nlrrbl bcbntrlginl= xil`bnlrEdhkic.nlh

Vbnifi`l >5-5?-;;/ Knbptk`l 5;-;;-;;

igtbdrkniþg,

pbrspbntivks

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Vl`rèdubz `b Nlr`brl/Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr

KF^PVKNP Okhicy ^lnikc Tlra= Kg igtbdrktilg spknb orlh nlgtbhplrkry pbrspbntivbs

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Orlh k prbvilus igvbstidktilg nbgtbrb` lg tjb sbkrnj lo tjb tjblrbtinkc nlg`univb hl`kcs tl `bcihitigd tjb njkrkntbristins lo k sclpb lo tjb slnikc wlra lribgtktb` tl tjb bgtkic witj tjb okhicibs, tjbrb sprbk` lut k `lnuhbgtkry `bsidg `bvbclpb` ig tjrbb hlhbgts nlhpicktilg, rbocbntilg kg` sygtjbsis. Pjb oig`igds prlvi`b` tjb jistlrinkc kg` tjblrbtinkc fksbs tl `boigb ^lnikc Okhicikr Tlra ks k spknb lo igtbdrktilg lo tjb slnikc wlra ig dbgbrkc1 sihuctkgbluscy tjkt kppbkrb` `ivbrsb rbocbntilgs. Lg tjb lgb jkg`, lgb wkrgb` tjkt tjis lgb is k spknb tjkt is glt islcktb`, tjb oibc`s krb `ivbrsb lo tl aglw tjkt tjby nkg stu`y okhicy, divigd pcknb tl loobrs lo kntilg witj igtbr`isnipcigkry, hucti`isnipcigkry `irbntilg lr trkgs`isnipcigkry. Lg tjb ltjbr jkg`, ig k tihb lo `bbp njkgdbs olr tjb slnikc snibgnbs, tjb kntilgs tjkt ugolc` ig tjb okhicikr spknb, tjby nlgstitutb k oibc` lo kntilg, wjinj is ugrlccb` glt lgcy ks k prlnbss lo jbcp ig kg igstitutilgkc nlgtbxt, fut kcsl ciab lgb tl aglw jistlrinkccy nlgstruntb` orlh jis slnikc kntlrs, fbtwbbg wjlh okhicibs kg` prlobssilgkcs nlugt bknj ltjbr Pl ug`brstkg` tjb hbnjkgishs lg wjinj tjis rbcktilg is fksb` ihpcibs tl ugvbic tjb `bvinbs igsnrifb` ig tjbir plwbr rbcktilgs k``rbssigd tl it fb kfcb tl `isnipcigb kg` krduigd witj nlgtbhplrkry pbrspbntivbs tjb bxbrnisb lo gbw slnikc prkntinbs ig nlrrbsplg`bgnb witj k gbw dlvbrghbgtkc lr dlvbrghbgtkc kutlglhlus tjkt knnlr`igd tl Olunkuct dlvbrgs tjb slnikc lgb wjbg k gbw hbgtkcity tl dlvbrg wkgts tl fb bstkfcisjb`, ks it is jkppbgigd witj tjb njkgdbs prlhltb` fy tjb rbkrrkgdbhbgts ig tjb Cktig-Khbrinkg snbgb lo k gbw plcitinkc prlmbnt (@ibtrinj, 6554). Abywlr`s= Okhicy ^lnikc Tlra, igtbdrktilg, nlgtbhplrkry pbrspbntivbs

Igtrl`unniþg

K pkrtir `b ugk igvbstidkniþg kgtbrilr nbgtrk`k bg ck fýsqub`k `b cls rbobrbgtbs tbþrinls nlg`unbgtbs k `bcihitkr cks nkrkntbrèstinks `b ugk vbrtibgtb `bc trkfkml slnikc lribgtk`k k ck vignuckniþg nlg cks okhiciks, sb `bspcbdþ ug `isbûl `lnuhbgtkc `bskrrlcck`l bg trbs hlhbgtls rbnlcbnniþg, rbocbxiþg y sègtbsis. Cls jkcckzdls prlplrnilgkrlg cks fksbs jistþrinks y tbþrinks pkrk `boigir Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr nlhl ug bspknil `b igtbdrkniþg `bc trkfkml slnikc bg dbgbrkc1 k ck vbz qub sb pckgtbkrlg `ivbrsks rbocbxilgbs nlgtbhplrëgbks `bs`b ugk pbrspbntivk nrètinkrbocbxivk.

 

Igtbrknniþg y Ubrspbntivk. Vbvistk `b Prkfkml ^lnikc

;. Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr, ug nkhpl `b kntukniþg lridigkril.

Ck bxistbgnik `bc Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr, nlhl nkhpl kutþglhl qub `bvibgb `bc trkfkml slnikc bg dbgbrkc, lribgtk`l k ck vignuckniþg nlg cks okhiciks, tibgb hltivknilgbs igtrègsbnks y bxtrègsbnks bg bc bg `bskrrlccl ýctihl bg su rbprbsbgtk`ks nkhigl k nlgvbrtirsb prlobsiþg.jistþrinl

`b bstb

Bg bobntl, `bs`b cls kgtbnb`bgtbs jistþrinls sb jk `bsnritl ck rbckniþg `bc trkfkml slnikc nlg ck rbkci`k` okhicikr. Bgtrb bstls kgtbnb`bgtbs `bstknk bc hlvihibgtl pkrk ck lrdkgizkniþg `b ck nkri`k`, tkhfiég nlglni`l nlhl ck   Njkrity Lrdkgizktilg ^lnibty   (N.L.^.), nrbk`l bg Clg`rbs bgtrb ;:24;:?91 hlvihibgtl qub, `b knubr`l nlg Hlix (;99;) y Uérbz (6552), tuvl bgtrb sus prignipkcbs hbtks bc hkgtbgihibgtl y olrtkcbnihibgtl okhicikr y bgtrb sus prignipils `b knniþg nlgsi`brkr k ck okhicik bg ck ktbgniþg slnikc, `bglhigkg`l k bstk olrhk `b ktbgniþg fibgbstkrk okhicikr1 su oiclsloèk y su prëntink sb trksck`krlg plstbrilrhbgtb Bstk`ls Rgi`ls. Idukc ihplrtkgnik hbrbnbg cks ^bttcbhbgts Jlusbs, tkhfiég cckhk`ks Jucc Jlusb  l nksks jldkr (rboudils), qub oubrlg nrbk`ks bg cls fkrrils plfrbs `b Igdcktbrrk k pkrtir `b ;::9, i`bgtioink`ks nlhl hlvihibgtls `b rbolrhk slnikc qub sb igtbrbskrlg bg cks `ioinuctk`bs bnlgþhinks, nucturkcbs y `b skcu` `b cks okhiciks plfrbs, cls ighidrkgtbs y `b cls trkfkmk`lrbs bg dbgbrkc `b cls nukcbs sb lnupkrlg hb`ikgtb ck igvbstidkniþg, bc trkfkml drupkc y nlhugitkril (Hirkg`k, 655>). Ulr ug ck`l, bc trkfkml nlg nk`k okhicik bg olrhk ig`ivi`ukc `bskrrlcck`l plr cks NL^ `il cudkr kc `bskrrlccl `bc cckhk`l ‚slnikc nksbwlra ’ trkfkml slnikc `b nksls, bxprbsiþg knuûk`k plr Hkry Vinjhlg` (;:?;- ;96:), qub sirviþ `b slplrtb k ck lribgtkniþg psinlcþdink bg Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr. Y, plr ltrl ck`l, bc trkfkml nlg okhiciks `bs`b ck þptink vbnigkc y nlg nlhprlhisl nèvinl bgkrflck`l plr cks ^bttcbhbgts Jlusbs  l Jucc Jlusbs  sbgtþ cks fksbs `b ug Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr vignuck`l k ck knniþg plcètink, sibg`l ugk `b sus hks sidgioinktivks rbprbsbgtkgtbs= Ckurk Mkgb K``khs (;:?5 „ ;9>2). Bstks `ls pilgbrks, Hkry Vinjhlg` y Mkgb K`khs, nlgtrifuybrlg nlg su lfrk k hlstrkr `ls pbrspbntivks pkrk

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Vl`rèdubz `b Nlr`brl/Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr

bgnkrkr bc trkfkml nlg okhiciks1 ck prihbrk `bs`b bc ëhfitl igstitunilgkc nbgtrk`l bg bc usl `b ténginks, ck sbdug`k fksk`k bg ugk visiþg `b nllpbrkniþg y nlhprlhisl slnikc qub sb ufinkfk bg bc tbrrbgl `bc vbnig`kril bg olrhk ig`bpbg`ibgtb `b cks igstitunilgbs. bc tbrrbgl `b olrhkniþg tkhfiég sb icustrk Bg ck kprlxihkniþg `bc ckPrkfkml ^lnikcprlobsilgkc nlg bc bspknil okhicikr, bs ksè nlhl, ck prihbrk Bsnubck `b Prkfkml ^lnikc oub oug`k`k plr ck –Okhicy ^brvinb Ksslniktilg lo Khérink‘. Idukchbgtb, ck prihbrk rbvistk prlobsilgkc kpkrbnb b`itk`k fkml bc tètucl `b= Okhicy , bg `lg`b Hkry Vinjhlg` pufcink bc krtènucl  –Urblnupkniþg `b ck nlhugi`k` slfrb ck Ukrbmk‘ Ukrbmk‘.. (Bsnkrtèg, ;99:1 Uérbz, 6552). Bstk igocubgnik ccbdkrë k `ivbrsls pkèsbs nlhl Igdcktbrrk y Bspkûk, `b hkgbrk qub bg ;9>9 sb nrbk bg Hk`ri` ck sbdug`k Bsnubck Urlobsilgkc `b Prkfkml ^lnikc, sibg`l `bglhigk`k Bsnubck `b Olrhkniþg Okhicikr y ^lnikc (Uérbz, 6550), qub hkrnþ `urkgtb kûls bstk nlrribgtb bg ck prbpkrkniþg `b su kcuhgk`l.

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Idukchbgtb sunb`iþ bg vkrils pkèsbs `b Khérink Cktigk `urkgtb ck hishk éplnk1 `bgtrl `b bsb nlgtbxtl ugls kûls `bspués bg ;90; bs nrbk`k bg _bgbzubck ck prihbrk Bsnubck `b ^brvinil ^lnikc `bc Higistbril `b ^kgi`k` y Ksistbgnik ^lnikc, prl`untl `b ck dbstk `bskrrlcck`k plr ug drupl `b humbrbs qub, `bs`b ;9>?, iginikrlg ug hlvihibgtl slnikc pkrk hbmlrkr cks nlg`inilgbs `b vi`k k ck plfckniþg `bspués `b ck hubrtb `b Mukg _inbgtb Dþhbz (Vuiz `b Hktbl, 6556). Bg bstb nirnugstkgnik sb nlhibgzk k uticizkr ugk bstrktbdik prlobsilgkc `b cls trkfkmk`lrbs slnikcbs `bglhigk`k _isitk @lhinicikrik, ck nukc jkfèk si`l igstitunilgkcizk`k bg ;:06 plr ck Gbw Ylra Ksslniktilg olr Ihprlvigd tjb Nlg`itilg lo tjb  pllr  (Hlgkstbrils,  (Hlgkstbrils, ;9:4). Vinjhlg` (6552) sistbhktizk, bstk kgtiduk prëntink `b visitk k cls jldkrbs, nlhl rbnursl `b kplyl pkrk ck bckflrkniþg higunilsk `bc `ikdgþstinl y trktkhibgtl `b prlfcbhks slnikcbs hkrnkg`l ksè bc iginil `bc Prkfkml ^lnikc prlobsilgkc y su vignuckniþg, bg bstb kntl, nlg cks situknilgbs okhicikrbs ([uirlz, ;9901 Hlgkstbrils, ;9:4).

 

Igtbrknniþg y Ubrspbntivk. Vbvistk `b Prkfkml ^lnikc

Ck _isitk @lhinicikrik, jk si`l nlgnbfi`k nlhl ugk bgtrbvistk bobntuk`k bg bc `lhinicil, ugk jbrrkhibgtk uticizk`k plr cls sbrvinils slnikcbs l nlhl ugk téngink qub sb kpcink bg bc `lhinicil `bc usukril nlg oigbs `b `ikdgþstinl y kntukniþg prlobsilgkc ([uirlz,;990). ^bdýg [uirlz (;990), bg ck _isitk @lhinicikrik, bgtrkg bg  mubdl ug nlgmugtl `b bcbhbgtls bg igtbrknniþg bgtrb cls qub nubgtk prignipkchbgtb ck okhicik `bc usukril, nlhl sistbhk slnikc ighb`iktl qub sb bgnubgtrk bg bsb `lhinicil. ^ig igtbgtkr ugk `bsnripniþg bxjkustivk, bg sègtbsis sb quibrb sidgioinkr qub k trkvés `b ck _isitk @lhinicikrik sb hubstrk nckrkhbgtb ck vignuckniþg slstbgi`k `bs`b sus iginils plr bc Prkfkml ^lnikc nlg cls drupls okhicikrbs, nlgstituybg`l ugk bstrktbdik i`bgtioink`lrk `b ck kntukniþg `b prlobsilgkcbs `bc trkfkml slnikc, bg _bgbzubck kýg jly bs nlhýg rbnifir bc nkcioinktivl `b _isitk`lr l _isitk`lrk ^lnikc plr pkrtb `b cks okhiciks ktbg`i`ks, nukg`l sb bmbrnbg ougnilgbs `b trkfkml slnikc. Gl lfstkgtb, ck prblnupkniþg `b bstk prlobsiþg plr igsbrtkrsb bg bc nlgmugtl `b cks nibgniks slnikcbs hb`ikgtb ck sustbgtkniþg `b su prëntink nlg fksb kc `bskrrlccl nibgtèoinlténginl plsitivistk `b ck éplnk sb bxprbsk bg ugk nlgnbpniþg tbnglcþdink `b nkrëntbr igstruhbgtkc (_écbz, 655>), prbsbgtb bg bc `bskrrlccl `b hétl`ls y ténginks, nlg ugk tbg`bgnik psinlcldistk l slnilcldistk, pkrk sbr kpcink`ks bg ck rbkci`k` orkdhbgtk`k `b ig`ivi`ul, drupl l nlhugi`k`, sig hbgnilgkr kfibrtkhbgtb okhicik ([uigtbrl, 6550). ^bdýg Hlcigk y Vlhbrl (;999), k pbskr `b bstk lhisiþg, bgtrb cls kûls 05 y ?5 ck citbrkturk `bc Prkfkml ^lnikc `b Nksls rbplrtk ck ihplrtkgnik `b nlgsi`brkr nlhl lfmbtl prlobsilgkc bc ig`ivi`ul bg su situkniþg slnikc y bc lfmbtivl `b su kntukniþg bc kmustb `bc ig`ivi`ul k su hb`il khfibgtb, nukg`l sb jkfck `b situkniþg slnikc y `b hb`il khfibgtb sb jknb rbobrbgnik ihpcènitk k ck situkniþg okhicikr, okhicikr, b`unktivk, ckflrkc y nlhugitkrik. Bg bstb sbgti`l, sbûkck [uigtbrl (6550), `bs`b ck `énk`k `b cls sbsbgtk bg k`bckgtb, sb pckgtbk ugk nrètink k ck tbg`bgnik psinlcþdink, prbsbgtb bg bc Prkfkml ^lnikc `b Nksls, qub rb`unb su knniþg kc prlfcbhk `b ck pbrslgk y sb nlhibgzk k rbnlglnbr nlhl Prkfkml ^lnikc sþcl kqubccks kntuknilgbs igncigk`ks k cl

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Vl`rèdubz `b Nlr`brl/Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr

slnilplcètinl, k pkrtir `bc hlvihibgtl `b ck Vbnlgnbptukcizkniþg bg Khérink Cktigk y bc Vk`inkc ^lnikc bg Igdcktbrrk Igdcktbrrk y Bstk`ls Rgi`ls Bstls hlvihibgtls `b nrètink, ougnilgkrlg nlg ugk lribgtkniþg tbþrink b i`blcþdink bg bc pckgl `bc kflr`kmb prëntinl, bg nlgsbnubgnik sb dbgbrkrlg `lsjknik tbg`bgniks= ugk vlcnk`k k cks knnilgbs slnil‐plcètinks y ltrk ck ktbgniþg psinl-slnikc ([uigtbrl, 6550). Bg ck `énk`k `b cls lnjbgtk, cks bxidbgniks `b cks plcètinks slnikcbs bhkgk`ks `b cls bstk`ls `b fibgbstkr prlpinikg ck bckflrkniþg `b prlpubstks hbtl`lcþdinks hës knlr`bs nlg bc nlgtbxtl slnikc qub sb kflr`k (_écbz, 655>), sb rbtlrgk kfibrtkhbgtb ck glniþg `b okhicik nlhl su olnl `b bstu`il. Bg bstb nlgtbxtl nlfrk sbgti`l, bc kplrtb `b cls prlobslrbs Citjyk y Vufég Hlgkstbrils (;9:4), nlg su Bstu`il `b Nksl Okhicikr, hktbrikc qub kýg jly bs oubgtb `b nlgsuctk bg ck olrhkniþg `b cls trkfkmk`lrbs slnikcbs vbgbzlckgls.

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Rg bcbhbgtl oug`khbgtkc bg bsk prlpubstk `b Hlgkstbrils, bs nlgsi`brkr okhicik nlhl ugk vkrikgtb `bc nksl psinl-slnilcþdinl y `bc qub sb lnupk bc Prkfkml ^lnikc nlhl kntivi`k` prlobsilgkc `b`ink`k plr bxnbcbgnik k ck ktbgniþg `b nksls psinlslnikcbs. Ck `énk`k `b cls glvbgtk bg k`bckgtb, pckgtbk ug rbtl pkrk bc Prkfkml ^lnikc. Bg ug tibhpl `b nkhfils prloug`ls pkrk cks nibgniks slnikcbs sb nubstilgk bc nkrëntbr prkdhëtinl b igstruhbgtkc `b bstk prlobsiþg, sb nrètink ck bxtbrgkci`k` qub cb jk nkrkntbrizk`l bg su `bvbgir jistþrinl y, bg nlgsbnubgnik, sb iginik ugk fýsqub`k jknik ugk kntukniþg oug`k`k bg ugk tblrèk y ugk igvbstidkniþg qub nlgccbvbg k ck nlgstrunniþg `b nlglnihibgtls b idukchbgtb pbrhitkg ck rb`boiginiþg `b cl prlpil. Ck prbdugtk plr ck i`bgti`k` bg bc Prkfkml ^lnikc, bs ck fýsqub`k `b ugk rknilgkci`k` nrètink y rbocbxivk qub pbrhitk ck nlgstrunniþg bpistbhlcldèk `b cl prlpil y cl bspbnioinl tlhkg`l `istkgnik nlg hunjks `b cks prëntinks, ougnilgbs y lfmbtivls qub `bs`b koubrk sb ksidgkrlg k ck prlobsiþg (_écbz, 6L5> =24).

Bg bstb lr`bg `b i`bks, sb `bsnrifb bc bspknil okhicikr, nlhl bspknil `b nlgsi`brkniþg pýfcink nlgstituybg`l bg ck

 

Igtbrknniþg y Ubrspbntivk. Vbvistk `b Prkfkml ^lnikc

kntukci`k` ug ërbk bspbnèoink `b kntukniþg prlobsilgkc, bc nukc sb `bskrrlcck gl sþcl nlhl ug prlnbsl `b kyu`k bg ug nlgtbxtl igstitunilgkc, sigl tkhfiég nlhl ug skfbr jistþrinkhbgtb nlgstrui`l, nlg kplrtbs tbþrinls y hbtl`lcþdinls nlg ridlr nibgtèoinl y nlhprlhisl slnikc. Bs vbrioinkfcb ck tbg`bgnik nlgtigbgtkc `b nlgslci`kr bc P^ okhicikr nlhl ug skfbr bg bc qub bc P^ jk ignursilgk`l jistþrinkhbgtb, y qub hbrbnb nlgstrunnilgbs prlpiks pkrk pckgtbkr qub gl sþcl bs usukril `bc nlglnihibgtl `b ltrks `isnipcigks sigl qub tkhfiég kplrtk kcdl ([uigtbrl, 6550=66).

Bg bstb koëg, bc Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr gl bstë kisck`l, slg `ivbrsls cls nkhpls `bc skfbr qub pub`bg bstu`ikr okhicik, `kg`l cudkr k prlpubstks `b kntukniþg nlgtbhplrëgbk nlhl ck igtbr`isnipcigkrib`k` l ck trkgs`isnipcigkrib`k`. 6. Nlgstrunniþg tbþrink `bc Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr.

Cks fksbs tbþrinks qub jkg `k`l oug`khbgtl k ck trk`iniþg jistþrink `bc Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr, `istigdubg `ivbrsls bgolqubs qub vkg `bs`b sus iginils jkstk ck kntukci`k`, pbroickg`l bc `bsbgvlcvihibgtl `b trbs hlhbgtls= iginil, kvkgnb b igtbdrkniþg. 6.;. Iginil

Bc hlhbgtl `b iginil `bc Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr bstë vignuck`l k cls nlhibgzls `bc trkfkml slnikc bg dbgbrkc, sibg`l cls bgolqubs tbþrinls hës rbskctkgtbs= bc bgolqub psinlcþdinl y bc bgolqub slnilcþdinl. Bc bgolqub psinlcþdinl `boigiþ ugk tbg`bgnik jknik bc trkfkml slnikc okhicikr bg bc sbgti`l ncèginl térhigl nrbk`l bg Nkciolrgik bg ;9?:, khpcikhbgtb uticizk`l bg Bstk`ls Rgi`ls y Burlpk, bc nukc jk si`l `boigi`l nlhl kqubc qub prlhubvb bc olrtkcbnihibgtl `b cls rbnursls psinlcþdinls pkrk hkgbmkr cks `isougnilgbs y bstë nbgtrk`l bg bc nlgocintl igtrkpsèquinl b igtbrpbrslgkc‘ ([uigtbrl, 6550=;4). Hibgtrks qub bc bgolqub slnilcþdinl kfkrnk ug ëhfitl nlgnbptukc qub pub`b sbr bvi`bgnik`l bg cks nrètinks kc

;9

 

Vl`rèdubz `b Nlr`brl/Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr

trktkhibgtl ig`ivi`ukcizk`l1 bg bstks nrètinks ck glniþg `b igk`bnukniþg ig`ivi`ukc qub knlhpkûþ bc gknihibgtl `b cks N.L.^. oub nlgtrkrbstk`k nlg cks igvbstidknilgbs `b Njkrcbs Flltj (;:05 „ ;9;?) qub hlstrkrlg ugk nlrrbckniþg bgtrb plfrbzk, hisbrik y nrihbg cl qub igocubgniþ ck bxpbribgnik `b hunjls prlobsilgkcbs `bc trkfkml slnikc vlcnk`ls k nlgsi`brkr `btbgi`khbgtbcks cksplfcknilgbs nlg`inilgbs khfibgtkcbs bg cks qub sb `bsbgvlcvèkg lfmbtl `b su ktbgniþg (Obrgëg`bz, 655>). 6.6. Kvkgnb

Bc hlhbgtl `b kvkgnb bg Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr bstë sidgk`l plr ugk huctipcini`k` `b bgolqubs bgtrb cls qub sb nubgtk bc sistéhinl, nifbrgétinl, `bc pl`br y cls rbnursls okhicikrbs, bnlcþdinl, bvlcutivl y nlgstrunnilgistk.

65

K hkgbrk `b rbsuhbg, bc pbgskhibgtl sistéhinl pbrhitb nlgtbhpckr k cks okhiciks nlhl sistbhks, bs `bnir nlhl ug nlgmugtl `b pkrtbs nlgbntk`ks bg igtbrknniþg, bstu`ik bc tl`l, cks pkrtbs, cks nlgbxilgbs bgtrb cks pkrtbs y su ougnilgkhibgtl bg igtbrknniþg pkrk nlhprbg`br bc hug`l. Bc bgolqub nifbrgétinl bstë ugi`l ck bgolqub `b sistbhks pbrl cks `iobrbgniks, bg bc `bskrrlccl jistþrinl, bgtrb ck prihbrk y ck sbdug`k nifbrgétink pbrhitbg ugk nlgsi`brkniþg kpkrtb (^ëgnjbz, 655>), qub pub`b sbr kpcink`k kc Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr. Ksihishl, bc bgolqub `b pl`br y cls rbnursls okhicikrbs nlg`unb k `boigir ug `isnursl kctbrgktivl qub vkclrb cks nkpkni`k`bs `b pl`br `b cks pbrslgks y prbstb ktbgniþg k sus pltbgnikci`k`bs, plrqub bstk pbrspbntivk –fësinkhbgtb fusnk ltlrdkr pl`br k cks okhiciks‘ (Kcwig y ^lckr ^lckr,, 6556=;?6). Bg bc bgolqub bnlcþdinl rbskctk ck nlgvbrdbgnik bgtrb cks okhiciks y su khfibgtb oèsinl y slnilnucturkc. Rg bcbhbgtl nbgtrkc bg bstb bgolqub bs ck rb` slnikc, `boigi`k nlhl sistbhk `b rbcknilgbs qub sb tbmb bg bc khfibgtb slnikc, bg ck nukc cks rbcknilgbs bgtrb cls hibhfrls slg sidgioinktivks b igocuybgtbs bgtrb sus pkrtinipkgtbs (@kfks, ;99>). Bc bgolqub bvlcutivl sb nbgtrk bg ck i`bk `b okhicik qub ktrkvibsk plr oksbs `b `bskrrlccl l nincl vitkc nlhplrtkg`l nk`k ugk `b bstks oksbs sus prlpiks nkrkntbrèstinks Ck glniþg `b nincl

 

Igtbrknniþg y Ubrspbntivk. Vbvistk `b Prkfkml ^lnikc

vitkc jk si`l igstruhbgtl `b lrdkgizkniþg y sistbhktizkniþg qub prlplrnilgk ug hl`bcl `ikdgþstinl `b ck situkniþg prlfcbhk y, k ck vbz pbrhitb ck nlhpkrkniþg `b obgþhbgls sihickrbs nlg ltrks okhiciks. Ulr ýctihl, `bstknk bc bgolqub nlgstrunnilgistk qub bgolnk bc igtbrés plr kck cks nlgstrunniþg slnikc y sufmbtivk cls sidgioink`ls ktrifui`ls prëntinks okhicikrbs. @bs`b ck `b tblrèk `b ck nlgstrunniþg slnikc sb nubstilgk ck hkgbrk `b nlglnbr y cks prbhisks slfrb cks qub bstë ksbgtk`l tl`l ck b`ioinkniþg nibgtèoink, y sb koirhk qub tkgtl bc nlglnihibgtl nlhl bc prlnbsl hb`ikgtb bc nukc sb ccbdk k éc bstëg hb`ik`ls plr bc sumbtl qub nlglnb, quibg bstë igocubgnik`l plr su nucturk, plr cks nlg`inilgbs `bc nlgtbxtl y sus prlpiks i`bks b igtbrbsbs. 6.>. Igtbdrkniþg.

Ck tbg`bgnik igtbdrk`lrk prbsbgtb bg bc nkhpl `bc trkfkml slnikc okhicikr sb nlrrbsplg`b nlg bc hlhbgtl kntukc `b cks nibgniks slnikcbs, kfibrtl k cks pbrspbntivks igtbr y trkgs`isnipcigkriks sig ccbdkr k ug sbgti`l bncéntinl. @b knubr`l nlg [uigtbrl, 6550 y Ucktlgb, 6555 cl qub sb fusnk bs rbsnktkr cks hbmlrbs y hës k`bnuk`ks i`bks `b nk`k ugl `b cls bgolqubs nlg bc oig `b prlhlvbr ck nrbkniþg `b gubvks kctbrgktivks `b knubr`l k cks gbnbsi`k`bs, plsifici`k`bs y nlg`inilgbs `b nk`k bspknil bspkn il clnkc bspbnèoinl. Bg bstb sbgti`l `bstknkg cls bgolqubs psinlslnikc, `b nlgvbrdbgnik y bnlsistéhinl bgtrb ltrls. Bc bgolqub psinlslnikc jk si`l knuûk`l bg `iobrbgtbs cktitu`bs plr kutlrbs nlhl Hlgkstbrils (;9:5), Fbrgcbr y Mlgslg (;994) bg ugk igtbdrkniþg nlgnbptukc qub tibgb cudkr nukg`l bc trkfkml psinlslnikc pkrtb `b ck okhicik nlhl ugi`k` `lg`b sb rbýgbg ck pbrspbntivk ig`ivi`ukc nlg ck okhicikr y ck nlhugitkrik. Pkhfiég bc bgolqub `b nlgvbrdbgnik, prlpubstl plr [uigtbrl (6550), pckgtbk ugk igtbdrkniþg pbrl sb ksibgtk bg ugk visiþg jlcèstink `b cls prlnbsls okhicikrbs, ig`ivi`ukcbs y slnilnucturkcbs, cks gubvks bxidbgniks k `kr hkylr pbsl k ck nllpbrkniþg bgtrb `ivbrsks ërbks `bc nlglnihibgtl bg ug sbgti`l igtbr`isnipcigkril y cls hbnkgishls `b nlgbxiþg bg rb`bs `b

6;

 

Vl`rèdubz `b Nlr`brl/Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr

igolrhkniþg k givbc hug`ikc. Ulr su pkrtb, bc bgolqub bnlsistéhinl rbnlglnb ck gbnbskrik kprlxihkniþg `b ck pbrspbntivk sistéhink nlg ck bnlcþdink y ck slnikc pkrk nlhprbg`br cls prlnbsls `b igtbrknniþg okhicikr bg bc bgtrkhk`l `b cks hktrinbs slnilnucturkcbs, slfrb bc supubstl nlg `b ck y ihpcinknilgbs ck huctipcini`k` `b bcck ksbslr bxpbribgnik juhkgk, sus`ivbrsi`k` rbspbntivks pkrk y cls drupls okhicikrbs bg ck rbckniþg `b kyu`k (Cl`l-Ucktlgb, 6556).

66

K pkrtir `b bstks fksbs tbþrinks sb k`vibrtb qub bc Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr gl bstë kisck`l, slg `ivbrsls cls nkhpls `bc skfbr qub pub`bg bstu`ikr okhicik, `kg`l cudkr k prlpubstks `b kntukniþg nlg `irbnniþg igtbr`isnipcigkrik, hucti`isnipcigkrik l trkgs`isnipcigkrik. Ulr ltrl ck`l, bg ug tibhpl `b nkhfils prloug`ls pkrk cks nibgniks slnikcbs, cks knnilgbs qub sb `bspcibdkg bg bc bspknil okhicikr, nlgstituybg ug nkhpl `b kntukniþg, qub sb `bsbgvubcvb gl sþcl nlhl ug prlnbsl `b kyu`k bg ug nlgtbxtl igstitunilgkc, sigl tkhfiég nlhl ug skfbr jistþrinkhbgtb nlgstrui`l k pkrtir `b sus kntlrbs slnikcbs, bgtrb cls qub sb nubgtkg okhiciks y prlobsilgkcbs. Nlhprbg`br cls hbnkgishls slfrb cls qub sb fksk bstk rbckniþg ihpcink `bvbckr cls `isplsitivls igsnritls bg sus rbcknilgbs `b pl`br igtbrpbckg`l kc pl`br `isnipcigkr y krduhbgtkg`l nlg pbrspbntivks nlgtbhplrëgbks bc bmbrninil `b gubvks prëntinks slnikcbs bg nlrrbsplg`bgnik nlg ugk gubvk dufbrgkhbgtkci`k` l dufbrgkhbgtkci`k` kutþglhk qub sbdýg Olunkuct ridb cl slnikc nukg`l sb quibrb bstkfcbnbr ugk gubvk hbgtkci`k` `b dlfbrgkr, tkc nlhl bstë sunb`ibg`l nlg cls nkhfils prlhlvi`ls plr cls rbknlhl`ls bg bc bsnbgkril cktiglkhbrinkgl `b ug gubvl prlybntl plcètinl (@ibtrinj, 6554). >. Jknik ugk `boiginiþg `b Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr.

Bg ug tibhpl `b nkhfils prloug`ls pkrk cks nibgniks slnikcbs sb kvkgzk jknik ugk `boiginiþg bspbnèoink `bc Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr nlhl ugk `b cks prëntinks nlgnrbtks, nlg cks qub sb jkg si`l i`bgtioink`l cks knnilgbs qub sb `bskrrlcckg bg bc bspknil okhicikr, nlgstituybg`l bg ck kntukci`k` ug ërbk bspbnèoink `b kntukniþg prlobsilgkc, qub sb `bskrrlcck gl sþcl nlhl ug prlnbsl `b kyu`k bg ug nlgtbxtl igstitunilgkc, sigl tkhfiég nlhl ug skfbr jistþrinkhbgtb nlgstrui`l k pkrtir `b

 

Igtbrknniþg y Ubrspbntivk. Vbvistk `b Prkfkml ^lnikc

sus kplrtbs tbþrinls y hbtl`lcþdinls nlg ridlr nibgtèoinl y nlhprlhisl slnikc. Ukrk Kg`br.Bdd, 655?, nlgstituyb ug nkhpl prlobsilgkc qub sb pbroick `bs`b bc hkrnl lpbrktivl `bc Prkfkml ^lnikc `b Nksls, lftbgibg`l kvkgnbs bg rbckniþg nlg ck olrhuckniþg `b bgolqubs bspbnèoinls bcbhbgtl supbrk`lr Ulr bc nlgtrkril, pkrknlhl ltrksugbckflrknilgbs sb trktk`bc `b hishl. –…ugk rbolnkcizkniþg bg ck okhicik qub, kc oug`khbgtkrsb bg gubvls kplrtbs tbþrinls, pbrhitb ug kflr`kmb `b su lfmbtl bg térhigls `b tltkci`k` `b ugk olrhk `iobrbgtb k ck trk`inilgkc ‘ (Kcwig y

^lckr, 6556= ::).

Nlhpkrtihls bstk ýctihk i`bk, plrqub bc kflr`kmb `bc ëhfitl okhicikr nlgstituyb ugk hl`kci`k` qub sig bstkr `boigi`k plr cls trk`inilgkcbs hétl`ls `b nksl, drupl l nlhugi`k` `bc Prkfkml ^lnikc bg dbgbrkc pbrhitb su igtbdrkniþg kc igncuir bcbhbgtls `b tl`ls k ck vbz, rkzþg plr ck nukc tibgb plsifici`k`bs bg hýctipcbs bsnbgkrils prlobsilgkcbs y nlg `ivbrsls kntlrbs slnikcbs. 0. K hl`l `b nlgncusiþg= Vbocbxilgbs nlgtbhplrëgbks `bs`b ugk pbrspbntivk nrètinkrbocbxivk.

Cls kplrtbs `b cks nibgniks slnikcbs nlgtbhplrëgbks igtrl`unbg kc Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr bg ck plsifici`k` `b bxpclrkr bg olrhk nrbk`lrk ck nukci`k` `b cls obgþhbgls korlgtk`ls nlg ugk hirk`k nbgtrk`k bg ck nlhpcbmi`k` `b ck hucti`ihbgsilgkci`k`, k pkrtir `b pbrspbntivks igtbr`isnipcigkriks ykgtbrilri`k`. trkgs`isnipcigkriks, qub gl jkfèkg si`l bgugnik`ks nlg ^ihuctëgbkhbgtb bc gubvl lr`bg plcètinl bhbrdbgtb bg cks slnib`k`bs cktiglkhbrinkgks y, pkrtinuckrhbgtb, bg ck vbgbzlckgk nlg sus rbpbrnusilgbs bg tlrgl k cls nlgnbptls nckvbs hkgbmk`ls bg bstk igvbstidkniþg, lorbnb gubvks plsifici`k`bs pkrk ck kntukniþg prlobsilgkc nlg cks okhiciks, rbnlglniég`lcks nlhl ugk rbkci`k` gl jlhldégbk. Kc hishl tibhpl qub bxidb, k bstls prlobsilgkcbs, nubstilgkr sus nrbbgniks y prëntinks slnikcbs nlg rbspbntl k ck olrhk `b kflr`kr okhiciks y plcètinks slnikcbs.

6>

 

Vl`rèdubz `b Nlr`brl/Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr

Bg ck kntukci`k` bc kflr`kmb okhicikr ccbvk ck tbg`bgnik k prlpinikr bc `bskrrlccl `b cks okhiciks `bgtrl `b su khfibgtb gkturkc rbprbsbgtkg`l ug rbtl pkrk bc sbntlr prlobsilgkc, yk qub pckgtbk ugk nlgtrk`inniþg bgtrb su plsiniþg `b bxpbrtl orbgtb kc rbnlglnihibgtl `b ck rbsplgskfici`k` qub tibgb bc sistbhk okhicikr pkrk bsnldbr kctbrgktivks hës pbrtigbgtbs `bgtrl `b cks nlhpcbmks y `ivbrsks situknilgbs slnikcbs bg cks qub sb `bsbgvubcvb. Bstb rbtl tkhfiég bxidb tlhkr nlgnibgnik `b su prlpik situkniþg, `b su plsturk pkrk hkgtbgbr ug kctl givbc `b rbsplgskfici`k` pbrslgkc y prlobsilgkc qub cb pbrhitk ck rbvkclrizkniþg `bc nlgtbxtl slnikc b ihpcink, bc `bskrrlccl `b prëntinks rbocbxivks qub kplrtbg gubvks nlgstrunnilgbs tbþrinks y hbtl`lcþdinks, ksè nlhl ck rbvisiþg `b cks yk bxistbgtbs pkrk bccl sbrë gbnbskril `b`inkr tibhpl k ck sistbhktizkniþg `b bxpbribgniks prlobsilgkcbs prlpiks y kmbgks.

60

Bg sègtbsis, `boigir Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr nlgccbvk k ug `bfktb slfrb cks plsifici`k`bs trkgsolrhk`lrks `b cks kntuknilgbs prlobsilgkcbs, `bs`b `lg`b sb rbnlglnb bc pkpbc `b cks okhiciks nlhl ug ltrl, bs `bnir, nlhl ug kntlr slnikc nlg rbnursls okhicikrbs y, plr cl tkgtl, nlg nkpkni`k` pkrk sbr prltkdlgistk `b su prlpil `bvbgir `bvbgir.. Gltk=

Ulgbgnik prbsbgtk`k bg bc ^ihplsil –Urlfcbhks y bgolqubs nlgtbhplrëgbls `b cls bstu`ils slfrb okhicik‘. _  Mlrgk`ks `b igvbstidkni igvbstidkniþg þg y `lnbgnik `bc Nbgtrl `b igvbstidknilgbs bg Prkfkml ^lnikc. Rgivbrsi`k` `bc ]ucik. Hkrnkifl, ;> kc ;2 `b mugil `b 65;;. Vbobrbgniks Fifcildrëoinks

Kcwig, Gi`ik (;99:). Bg prþcldl `b Okhicik y Prkfkml Prkfkml ^lnikc. Rg bgolqub ncèginl b igtbr`isnipcigkril `b ck igtbrvbgniþg prlobsilgkc. Nkrcls Brlcbs y ltrls. Fubgls Kirbs. B`itlrikc Bspknil. 6:: pp. Kcwig, Gi`ik. y ^lckr, H. (6556). Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr. ^kgtikdl `b Njicb. B`inilgbs Rgivbrsi`k` Nktþcink `b Njicb. >6? pp. Kquèg, Glrk (;999). Jknik ck nlgstrunniþg `b bgolqubs

 

Igtbrknniþg y Ubrspbntivk. Vbvistk `b Prkfkml ^lnikc

kctbrgktivls pkrk bc trkfkml slnikc pkrk bc gubvl hicbgil. Vbvistk `b ^brvinil ^lnikc, _lc. ;, G½ > bg jttp=//www.nktb`rks.osln.ufk.kr/jbcbr/kquig.`ln (Obnjk `b nlgsuctk= ;:/:/65;5). Fbrgcbr y Mlgslg (;994) Pblrèk pkrk bc Prkfkml Prkfkml Usinlslnikc. B`itlrikc Bspknil. Fubgls Kirbs. 625 pp. Bsnkrtèg, Hkrèk Mlsé (;99:). Hkgukc `b Prkfkml Prkfkml ^lnikc. Kcinkgtb. B`itlrikc Kduknckrk. 646 pp. Dlgzëcbz, Kcinik (655;). Pblrèk Pblrèk ^lnilcþdink k trkvés `b sus prignipkcbs tbþrinls. Nibgniks ^lnikcbs Pbxtls Pbxtls bsnldi`ls. jttp=//www.kvizlrk.nlh/pufcinknilgbs/nibgniks\slnikcbs/t bxtls/tblrik\slnilcldink\5552.jth (Obnjk`b nlgsuctk= 6>/:/65;5). Hirkg`k, Hkgubc (655>). Urkdhktishl, Igtbrknnilgishl sihfþcinl y Prkfkml Prkfkml ^lnikc. @b nþhl ck nkri`k` y ck oickgtrlpèk sb jinibrlg nibgtèoinks. n ibgtèoinks. RGI_BV^IPKP RGI_BV^IPKP VL_IVK I _IVDICI @bpkrtkhbgt `°Kgtrlplcldik, Oiclsloèk i Prbfkcc ^lnikc. Pkrkdlgk. Pkrkdlgk. jttp=//www.tbsisbgrb`.gbt jttp=//www.tbsisbgrb`.gbt (Obnjk `b `bobgsk= ;6-;6-655>) Hlix, Hkgubc (;99;). Igtrl`unniþg kc Prkfkml ^lnikc. Hk`ri`, Bspkûk. Priviuh. 2;0 pp. Hlcigk, H. y Hlrbgl, H. (;999)= Nlgtrifunilgbs kc `bfktb slfrb bc lfmbtl y ck i`bgti`k` bg trkfkml slnikc. Vbvistk `b ^brvinil ^lnikc _lc. ; G½ > bg jttp=//www6.u`bn.nc/~ssrbvi/krtinucls/jknik.jth. (Obnjk `b nlgsuctk= >/9/65;5). Hlgkstbrils, Citjyk y Vufég (;9:4). Bstu`il `bc Nksl Okhicikr. Okhicikr. Nkrknks. B`inilgbs Hbrckgl N. N. K. ?:2 pp. Uérbz, Bcisk (6550). Prkfkmkg`l Prkfkmkg`l nlg okhiciks. Pblrèk Pblrèk y Urëntink. U rëntink. Nlgsbml Dbgbrkc @ipclhk`ls bg trkfkml ^lnikc. ]krkdlzk. B`itlrikc Nbrtbzk. >45 pp. [uigtbrl, Ëgdbck (6550). Bc Prkfkml Prkfkml slnikc okhicikr y bc bgolqub sistéhinl. Fubgls Kirbs. Cuhbg Juhkgitks. ;4? pp.

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Vl`rèdubz `b Nlr`brl/Prkfkml ^lnikc Okhicikr

[uirlz, Hkril (;990). Ck visitk `lhinicikrik. Bstrktbdik igtbrvbgtivk `bc hl`bcl trk`inilgkc `bc sbrvinil slnikc `b nksl. Nlgnbpniþg= @bpkrtkhbgtl `b sbrvinil slnikc, Oknuctk` `b Nibgniks Murè`inks y ^lnikcbs. Rgivbrsi`k` `b Nlgnbpniþg. ;?; pp. Vinjhlg`, Hkry (6552). @ikdgþstinl ^lnikc. (Pitucl lridigkc ^lnikc @ikdglsis ;9;4). Hk`ri`. ^idcl ZZI B`itlrbs. ?05 pp. Vuiz `b Hktbl, Cicik (6556). ^bsbgtk kûls `bc Prkfkml Prkfkml ^lnikc bg _bgbzubck. _bgbzubc k. Vbvistk _bgb _bgbzlckgk zlckgk Kgëcisis `b Nlyugturk _lc _lc.. _III, G½ ;, Rgivbrsi`k` Rg ivbrsi`k` Nbgtrkc `b _bgbzubck (Bgbrl Mugil) Uëds. >5>->5:. jttp=//rb`kcyn.ukbhbx.hx/rb`kcyn/p`o/>?0/>?0:5;;:.p`o  #sbkrnj8%66prihbrk%65bsnubck%65`b%65trkfkml%65s lnikc%65bg%65vbgbzubck%66 (obnjk `b nlgsuctk= ;5/;5/65;5)

6?

^ëgnjbz, Cuz Hkry (655>). Kspbntls jistþrinls y bgolqubs `b ck tbrkpik okhicikr. okhicikr. ^kgtikdl `b Nkci, Nlclhfik. Rgivbrsi`k` `bc _kccb. ;0> pp. Prkhlgtèg, Krturl (;999). Kprlxihkniþg kc bstu`il `b ck okhicik ok hicik vbgbzlckgk. Vlc `b trkfkmk`lr ^lnikc nlhl `igkhizk`lr `b prlnbsls igtbrkntivls y nlhuginknilgkcbs. Nkrknks. Olg`l B`itlrikc Prlpynls, Prlpynls, Rgivbrsi`k` Nbgtrkc `b _bgbzubck. _bgbzubc k. ;65 pp.