Rivera v. Del Rosario

Rivera v. del Rosario

Jan 15, 2004 | Quisumbing, J. | Defective Contracts--Definition Contracts--Definition (Art. 1!0"# Distinguis$e% from &escission in Art. 11'1 (&esoution" ) &e*uisites+e is abe to return $at $e ma be obige% to restore if rescission is grante% (Art. 1!5" PETITIONERS: ADELFA S. RIVERA, CYNTHIA S. RIVERA, and JOSE S. RIVERA !ariano Rivera"s #ids$ RESPONDENTS: FIDELA DEL ROSARIO de%eased$ and &er #ids, OSCAR, ROSITA, VIOLETA, ENRI'(E JR., CARLOS, J(ANITO and ELOISA S(!!ARY: $e De &osarios one% a /arce of agricutura an% %enote% as ot 10!-C. $e De &osario i%s eceute% a 3/ecia oer of  Attorne in favor of t$eir mot$er i%ea $o no $a% t$e ri)&* *o sell, +or*)a)e or %onve *&e land. i%e i%eaa borroe% as sum of 250 from &ivera. o o secure t$e oan t$e eecute% a %ee% of mortgage it$ an agreement agreement to se t$e an%. $ree %ocuments ere signe% b De &osario#  Kasunduan, A Dee% of &ea 6state 7ortgage an% t$e Dee% of Absoute 3ae surre/titious /re/are% b &ivera. 8n or%er to secure com/iance it$ t$e Kasunduan t$e  Kasunduan,, t$e De &osarios )ave *&e o-ners %o/ o0 *&e /ar%els TCT *o Rivera  but $e %i% not ant to return t$e C. A case as fie%  b t$e De &osarios to rescin% t$e  Kasunduan for 0ail1re *o %o+/l -i*& *&e %ondi*ions /l1s da+a)es . $e aso ase% for t$e ann1l+en* o0  *&e Deed o0 A2sol1*e Sale d1e *o 0ra1d . 3C $e% t$at *&e contract cannot be enforce% since t$e faiure to mae t$e instament /reven*ed *&e &a//enin) o0 *&e /osi*ive s1s/ensive %ondi*ion t$at i obige t$e De &osarios to conve t$e tite. $e Court rue% t$at t$e action for r escission $a% not /rescribe%. $e /erio% for /rescri/tion runs four ears from t$e %iscover of t$e frau%, not from t$e reconing of t$e contract un%er 1'1. rescission un%er Artice 1! DOCTRINE: 9 &esoution (cae% rescission in 11'1" is a / rinci/a action t$at is base% on breac$ of a /art, $ie rescission is a subsi%iar action imite% to cases of rescission for esion un%er Artice 1!1 of t$e :CC, $ic$ e/ress enumerates t$e rescissibe contracts. •

Art. 1!5 as not e/icit mentione%; on 01,10, an% covere% a certain ot :o. 10!-A in a%%ition to ot :o. 10!-C.

FACTS:

1.

2.

.

4.

5.

&es/on%ent &es/on%entss i%ea i%ea (no (no %eceas %ecease%", e%",