Reviewer in Biochemistry

BIOCHEMISTRY 1. The inhibition in a noncompetitive reaction: a. competes with the active site of the enzyme c. increases the rate of reaction b. binds simultaneously with substrate other than the active site d. both b and c 2. The order and sequence of amino acid in a polypeptide determines what protein structure? a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary d. quaternary 3. Amino acids that cannot be synthesized in the organism are called _________ a. non essential amino acids b. essential amino acids c. standard amino acids d.alpha amino acids 4. Which hormone regulates the level of blood sodium? a. aldosterone b. sterol c. corticosteroid d. cortisone 5. It is a precursor of vitamin A a. B- carotene b. retinol c. retinal d. opium 6. Which of the following is a precursor of vitamin D? a. prostaglandin b. linoleic acid c. cholesterol d. aldosterone 7. Which of these class enzymes introduces a double bond by the removal of hydrogen? a. dehydrogenase b. dehydrolase c. decarboxylase d. lipase 8. The ionic property of amino acid is exhibited by its a. zwitterions form b. NH2 group c. COO group d. positively charged groups 9. All of the following are simple proteins except: a. glutelins b. globulins c. albumins d. glycoproteins 10. The simplest monosaccharide is a. erythrose b. starch c. glyceraldehydes d. arabinose 11. Denaturation of protein is a result of: a. cleavage of the peptide bond b. Formation of H- bond c. breaking of H- bond d. none of these 12. Competitive inhibition is a __________ reaction a. reversible b. irreversible c. pH and temperature d. none of these 13. In the Seliwanoff’s test, the reaction of resorcinol and acid on the sugar forms a. hydroxymethyl furfural b. pyranose c. hydrazine d. purine 14. High concentration of neutral salts causes the precipitation of proteins. This is called ________ a. salting out b. salting in c. coagulation d. both b and c 15. The type of enzyme inhibition reaction whereby the inhibitor competes with the substrate at the active site: a. competitive inhibition c. reversible inhibition b. noncompetitive inhibition d. incomplete inhibition 16. The following are waxes except: a. beeswax b. sperm oil c. bile acids d. lanolin 17. The inactive form of enzymes are called: a. zymogens b. apoenzymes c. cofactor d. both b and c 18. Which of the following amino acids has no alpha amino group? a. proline b. hydroxyproline c. glycine d. both a and b 19. An enzyme is a substance which a. convert heat to energy c. change chemically in reaction b. act as a catalyst d. is not specific in reaction 20. Milk curdling enzyme present in gastric juice of infants: a. pepsin b. rennin c. trypsin d. maltase 21. Carbohydrates are a. polyhydroxyaldehydes/ polyhydroxyketones c. polyhydroxy acids b. hemiacetals d. polymers of amino acids 22. Insulin is usually classified as: a. protein b. enzyme c. hormone d. carbohydrates 23. What amount of glucose is present in the human blood? a. 60 to 90 mg in 100ml blood c. 2% of the total human body weight b. 5 to 6 g in 100ml blood d. none of these 24. It is the organelle which serves as the site of the electron transport chain. a. mitochondria b. ribosome c. nucleus d. lysosome

BIOCHEMISTRY 25. The end product of the hydrolysis of glycogen is: a. galactose b. fructose c. glucose d. arabinose 26. Iodine test is a reaction which may be used to identify carbohydrates. The reaction is due to a. presence of the free aldehyde group c. presence of amylose portion b. presence of alcohol group d. presence of glucose 27. Benedict’s reagent yield positive result to: a. monosaccharide only b. reducing sugars c. sucrose d. polysaccharides 28. Hypertonic solutions will cause the cell to: a. swell b. shrink c. burst d. undergo hydrolysis 29. Rancidity of fats maybe due to: a. oxidation b. hydrogenation c. saponification d. condensation 30. The deficiency of this hormone causes diabetes mellitus: a. progesterone b. testosterone c. insulin d. glucagons 31. The active proteolytic enzyme in gastric juice is: a. pepsin b. trypsin c. maltase d. catalase 32. The site of oxidation reaction in electron transport chain is in the a. nucleus b. mitochondrion c. ribosome d. golgi bodies 33. Protein digestion starts in the a. mouth b. stomach c. intestine d. pancreas 34. The conversion of an amino acid to sugar is: a. gluconeogenesis b. glycolysis c. glycogenesis d. glycogenolysis 35. Which of the following is not an amino acid? a. leucine b. choline c. valine d. glycine 36. The protein part of the enzyme molecule is the: a. apoenzymes b. coenzyme c. cofactor d. holoenzyme 37. Optimum temperature for enzyme activity in the body: a. 40°C b. 60°C c. 37°C d. 10°C 38. Glucose is stored in the liver as: a. galactose b. glycogen c. lactose d. fructose 39. The enzyme conformation adapts to the incoming substrate in a. Lock and Key theory c. competitive inhibition b. Induced fit theory d. noncompetitive inhibition 40. The process of converting glucose into glycogen is called: a. gluconeogenesis b. glycogenesis c. glycolysis d. glycogenolysis 41. All are pyrimidine bases except: a. guanine b. cytosine c. uracil d. thymine 42. Glucose, amino acid and fatty acid enter the citric acid cycle by their conversion into: a. pyruvate b. acetyl CoA c. acetoacetyl CoA d. palmitic acid 43. A hormone which stimulates glycogenesis: a. insulin b. glucagons c. epinephrine d. vasopressin 44. Chemicals extracted from organism such as bacteria and can inhibit growth or destroy other microorganism: a. antibiotic b. enzyme c. hormone d. vitamins 45. The gland or tissue that regulates the blood glucose level: a. parathyroid b. thyroid c. pancreas d. adrenal 46. Which vitamin is formed in the body by exposure to ultraviolet irradiation or sunlight? a. vitamin A b. vitamin B c. vitamin C d. vitamin D 47. Excess vitamin A and D is stored in the body, but excess vitamin and C is readily excreted. What property shows this? a. vit. C and B are water- soluble b. vit.A and D are fat- soluble c. both a and b d. none of these 48. It is the entire genetic makeup of an organism a. gene b. anticodon c. codon d. mutation 49. The vitamin which is used in the prevention of degenerative changes in the central nervous system: a. vit. A b. vit. B complex c. vit. C d. vit. D 50. It is a model which best explains the enzyme-substrate action:

BIOCHEMISTRY a. lock and key

b. molecular

c. VSEPR

d. Kreb

51. The activation of pepsinogen requires: a. pepsin b. NaOH c. enterokinase d. HCl 52. DNA is primarily found in the a. cytosol b. nucleus/mitochondria c. cell wall d. endoplasmic reticulum 53. It is the enzyme which hydrolyzes starch to dextrin and maltose: a. catalase b. amylase c. pepsin d. lactase 54. A synthetic DNA is called a. replicated DNA b. plasmid c. Gene d. recombinant DNA 55. Hydrolysis of ATP is an a. energy requiring reaction c. no energy is involved b. energy producing reaction d. energy is absorbed 56. Which of the following is a characteristic of lipid? a. zwitterions b. amphiphilic c. hydrophobic d. hydrophilic 57. It is a condition that results when sugar level is below normal a. hypoglycemia b. hyperglycemia c. ketonuria d. uremia 58. An example of globular protein a. albumin b. collagen c. fibrin d. silk 59. Complementary base pairs in the DNA double helix are bonded by a. H-bond b. Van der Waals c. ester bond d. dipole-dipole 60. Which nitrogen base is not found in DNA? a. thymine b. cytosine c. uracil d. guanine 61. An organic cofactor in an enzyme a. vitamins b. coenzymes c. a and b d. none of these 62. At what stage of glucose oxidation is most of the energy produced? a. glycolysis b. aerobic stage c. glycogenesis d. glygenolysis 63. The best known building blocks of RNA and DNA are: a. purines b. pyrimidines c. fatty acids d. a and b 64. It is responsible for the storage and transmission of genetic information a. adenine b. RNA c. DNA d. nucleic acid 65. Build up of urea in the blood is called a. ketonuria b. glycemia c. uremia d. all of these 66. The transfer of genetic information from DNA by the formation of mRNA a. transcription b. translation c. trans-amination d. replication 67. What is the end product of electron transport chain? a. oxygen b. hydrogen c. carbon dioxide d. water 68. The energy producing reaction a. metabolic b. catabolic c. anabolic d. all of these 69. It is the molecule that directs the activityof the cells a. DNA b. RNA c. nucleoproteins d. hormones 70. The sugar involved in DNA a. ribose b. pentose c. deoxyribose d. xylose 71. The common metabolic pathway is a. glycolysis b. beta oxidation c. Kreb’s cycled. glucogenesis 72. Rosenheim’s test is used to detect the presence of: a. ethanolamine b. choline c. cholesterol d. glycone moiety 73. Detects the presence of alpha amino acids: a. Biuret b. Molisch c. Ninhydrin d. Hopkins-cole 74. The process of producing fats from acetyl Co-A is called: a. glycolysis b. lipogenesis c. glycogenolysis d. glucogenesis 75. The following are test reagents to detect the presence of amino acids, except: a. Grignard’s b. Xanthoproteic c. Millon-Nasse d. Sakaguchi 76. The condition that lowers the pH of the blood due to starvation is called a. acidosis b. alkalosis c. hyperglycemia d. glycosuria 77. The substance responsible for the emulsion of fats is:

BIOCHEMISTRY a. HCl

b. bile acids

c. pepsin

d. trypsin

78. Hubl’s solution if used to ascertain degree of: a. saturation b. unsaturation c. peroxidation d. acidity 79. IUPAC name of acrolein: a. pentenal b. propenal c. hexanal d. acetone 80. The positive indication for the presence of glycerol in acrolein test: a. yellow colored solution c. silver mirror formed in the test tube b. black markings in filter paper d. play of colors from blue to shades of red 81. Cerebrosides are positive in the following tests, except: a. Molisch b. Biuret c. Lassaigne’s d. none of the above 82. Osmic test is used to detect the presence of __________ in lipids: a. metals b.prosthetic groups c. unsaturated groups d. glycerol 83. The most sensitive chemical test to detect the presence of cholesterol: a. Liebermann-Burchard c. Formaldehyde-sulfuric acid b. Salkowski reaction d. Colorimetric spectrophotometry 84. The following are phospholipids, except: a. plasmalogen b. lecithin c. cephalin d. choline 85. A mixed triglyceride contains: a. three similar fatty acids esterified with glycerol b. two similar fatty acids esterified with glycerol c. three different fatty acids esterified with glycerol d. all of the above choices 86. The central compound found in the structure of sphingolipids: a. glycerol b. sphingosine c. ceramide d. phosphocholine 87. Lipid whose specific test is the Furter-Meyer test: a. tocopherol b. retinal c. sphingomyelin d. cerebroside 88. Precipitate of _________ indicates the presence of phospholipids in the lipid sample: a. ammonium phosphomolybdate c. phosphorus triiodide b.phosphorus periodate d. phosphor-ammonium sulfate complex 89. The following are glycolipids, except: a. globosides b. phosphatides c. gangliosides d. cerebrosides 90. The parent compound of phospholipids: a. glycerol b. phosphatidic acid c. ethanolamine d. none of the above 91. A non- pentose sugar which is also positive for Tollen’s phloroglucinol test: a. galactose b. glucose c. fructose d. cellobiose 92. The reagent present in Molisch test which is responsible for the dehydration reaction: a. sodium carbonate b. magnesium stearate c. sulfuric acid d. NaOH 93. ID test to detect the presence of glycogen: a. phloroglucinol b. molisch c. iodine d. seliwanoff 94. The only sugar readily forms insoluble osazone crystals: a. lactose b. sucrose c. mannose d. sucrose 95. Important structural material found in the exoskeleton of many lower animals: a. chondroitin b. heparin c. hyaluronic acid d. chitin 96. Hydrolysis of osazones produce: a. phenylhydrazones b. ozones c. sugars d. none of the above 97. General term for a group of polysaccharides present on the primary cell wall: a. xanthan b. mucilage c. pectin d. carageenan 98. Specific test for galactose, due to the formation of highly insoluble crystals: a. phenylhydrazine test b. fermentation c. mucic acid d. molisch 99. Type of RNA which serves as template for the amino acid sequence being synthesized: a. mRNA b. tRNA c. rRNA d. snRNA 100. Positive indication for Anthrone test: a. purple ring b. blue-green color c. effervescence d. yellow ppt 101. Differentiating test between helical and linear polysaccharides:

BIOCHEMISTRY a. Molisch

b. iodine

c. Schweitzer

d. fermentation

102. The difference between Benedict’s and Barfoed’s test reagent lies in: a. sequestering agent used

b. active component used

c. pH of the solution

d. alkali used

103. Hydrolytic product of chitin: a. iduronatet d. glucuronic acid

b. acetylgalactosamine

c. acetylglucosamine

104. Glucose and fructose are: a. anomers

b. epimers

c. geometric isomers

d. allosteres

105. The complementary strand of CGACCTTGATCGACGTCGA: a. TCGTTCCAGCTAGTAACTAG b. GCTGGAACTAGCTGCAGCT

c. AGCAAGGTCGATCATGATC d. ATCAAGGTCGATCATGATC

106. Alkaline bismuth reagent is used to detect the presence of: a. polysaccharides d. glycitols

b. disaccharides

c. reducing sugars

107. Action of dilute alkali on sugars: a. dehydration d. tautomerization

b. hyperconjunction

c. hydrolysis

108. The following are the components of DNA nucleosides, except: a. phosphoric acid

b. sugar

c. adenine

d. cytosine

109. Central dogma concept wherein the RNA molecule is used as template for the synthesis of DNA molecule: a. transcription b. translation d. none of the above

c. mutation

BIOCHEMISTRY 110. The following proteins are present in egg white, except: a. ovomucin d. osseomucoid

b. ovoglobulin

c. albumin

b. mitochondria

c. cytoplasm

111. Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the: a. nucleus d. lysosomes

112. Ketogenic amino acids: a. leucine

b. tyrosine

c. phenylalamine

d. all of the above

113. Osazone test is also known as: a. Nylander’s test d. Folin’s test

b. Kowarsky test

c. Trommer’s test

114. Genetic defect characterized by mental retardation and cataract, since the sugar is toxic to the

unmetabolized

lens of the eyes: a. galactosemia d. fructosuria

b. fructosemia

c. pentosuria

115. Body functions of lipids: a. transformation into proteins and carbohydrates paddings for organs b. catabolism to provide body with heat and energy

c. insulation and d. all of the above

116. Pyridoxine is a compound of this enzyme: a. enolase

b. decarboxylase

c. hydrogenase

d. isomerase

117. The following are neutral amino acids, except: a. methionine

b. lysine

c. threonine

118. In man, the principal end product of protein metabolism is:

d. leucine

BIOCHEMISTRY a. uric acid

b. lactic acid

c. pyruvic acid

d. urea

119. Condition wherein acetone accumulates in the blood: a. ketosuria

b. ketonemia

c. ketosis

d. ketonuria

120. Glutamine is a _____ amino acid : a. neutral

b. basic

c. acidic

d. racemin

121. Oxidation product of ketone bodies: a. reduced sugars

b. carbon dioxide

c. alcohols

d. aldehydes

122. Phosphoprotein found in egg yolk: a. ovocasein

b. tendomucoid

c. vitelin

d. avidin

123. Amino acids positive for Sakaguchi reaction: a. gelatin

b. alanine

c. arginine

d. tyrosine

124. Histidine is negative for: a. Pauly reaction d. Xanthoproteic

b. Sodium Nitroprusside

c. Ninhydrine

125. An official simple protein obtained from corn: a. glutelion

b. gliadin

c. zein

d. maize

126. Principle involved in the isolation of casein milk: a. salting in precipitation

b. salting out

c. isoelectric

d. none of the above

127. Process of converting liver glycogen into blood glucose: a. glycogenolysis d. glycogenesis

b. gluconeogenesis

128. Genetic information is stored and carried in all cells by:

c. glycolysis

BIOCHEMISTRY a. single-stranded DNA

c. double-stranded RNA

b. double-stranded DNA

d. single-stranded circular DNA

129. Principal site for the synthesis of urea: a. kidney

b. liver

c. spleen

d. intestinal mucosa

130. Pentose present in gum Arabic: a. xylose

b. ribose

c. arabinose

d. threose

131. Which of the following is responsible for the transfer of genetic information? a. ATPb. GTP

c. DNA

d. RNA

132. Only form of inorganic nitrogen which can be utilized by living cells: a. urea

b. ornithine

c. ammonia

d. nitrogen gas

133. The following are essential amino acids, except: a. tyrosine

b. lysine

c. methionine

d. arginine

134. The chief end product of purine metabolism in man: a. CO

b. urea

c. uric acid

d. ammonia

135. The principal end product of protein metabolism: a. carbon dioxide

b. ammonia

c. hippuric acid

d. urea

136. Presence of glucose in appreciable amounts in the urine: a. Hematuria

b. glycosuria

c. glycosemia

d. albuminuria

137. The following are the tests for kidney efficiency, except: a. phenylsulfophthelein test b. urea clearance test d. crystallization method

c. water output test

BIOCHEMISTRY 138. Growth hormone is also known as: a. thyrotropic hormone interstitial stimulating hormone

b. somatotropin

c. gonadotropind.

139. What is the anti-codon in tRNA that corresponds to the codon ACG in mRNA? a. UGC

b. TGC

c. GCA

d. CGU

140. Condition wherein bile pigment is present in excess in the blood: a. jaundice

b. hepatitis

c. cirrhosis

d. cystic fibrosis

141. The following are non-essential amino acids, except: a. glycine

b. leucine

c. cysteine

d. glutamine

142. Principal digestive constituent of the gastric juice: a. trypsin

b. pepsin

c. gastrin

d. enterokinase

143. Condition wherein the concentration of uric acid accumulates in blood high as 15 mg. Percent: a. leukemia

b. gout

c. murexia

reaches as

d. any of the above

144. The study of the composition and the chemical processes occurring in the is: a. qualitative chemistry

c biochemistry

b. organic chemistry e. inorganic chemistry

d. quantitative chemistry

living matter

145. What is wobble? a. b. c. d.

the ability of certain anticodons to pair with codons that differ at the third base an error in translation induced by streptomycin a mechanism that allows for a peptide extension in the 50S sub-unit of the ribosome thermal motions leading to local denaturation of the DNA double helix

146. The most important function of HCl in the stomach is:

BIOCHEMISTRY a. hydrolysis of protein b. neutralization of chyme

c. activation of pepsinogen d. destruction of bacteria

e. stimulation of pancreatic secretion

147. Transamination is: a. conversion of amino acid to hydroxy acid to keto acids b. loss of ammonia from amino acid ammonium salt from ammonia

c. conversion of amino acid d. formation of

148. The lipid that is converted to Vitamin D12 upon irradiation: a. ergosterol

b. glycerol

c. cholesterol

d. all of the above

149. The metabolic degradation of hemoglobin takes place principally in: a. the reticuloendothilial system

c. the white blood cells

b. the red blood cells

d. the liver cell

150. The amino acid that is an important precursor of hemoglobin is: a. alanine d. cysteine

b. proline

c. glycine

151. Serine is converted to ethanolamine by the removal of: a. oxygen b. ammonia d. a carboxyl group

c. carbon dioxide

152. Ninhydrin gives a blue coloration with: a. proteins d. simple sugars

b. carbohydrates

c. amino acids

153. Which is the monomer unit of proteins? a. amino acid

b. monosaccharide

c. fatty acid

154. The proteinase that is found mostly in gastric juice of young animals: a. rennin

c. steapsin

b. pepsin

d. ptyalin

e. none of the above

d. purine

BIOCHEMISTRY

155. Conjugated proteins which are a combination of amino acids and carbohydrates: a. nucleoproteins chromoproteins

b. glycoproteins

c. phosphoproteins

d.

c. glutamic acid

d.

156. Gamma decarboxylation of aspartic acid produces: a. alanine

b. asparagines

glycine 157. Rotation of polarized light is caused by solutions of all of the following amino except: a. alanine

b. glycine

c. leucine

acids,

d. valine

158. It is a disease due to protein deficiency: a. Kwashiorkor

b. diabetes

c. albuminuria

d. jaundice

159. Which of the following amino acids is not essential in mammals? a. phenylaline

b. lysine

c. tyrosine

d. methionine

160. The following are examples of chromopretien, except: a. chlorophyll

b. hemoglobin

c. cytochromes

d. heparin

161. For the amino acid cysteine, choose the appropriate description of its side chain: a. acidic

b. basic

c. aromatic

d. sulfur-containing

162. Which of the following amino acids has a net positive charge at physiologic pH? a. cysteine

b. glutamic acid

c. lysine

d. valine

163. Sickle cell anemia is the clinical manifestation of homozygous genes for an abnormal hemoglobin molecule. The mutational event responsible for the mutation in the beta chain is: a. crossing over

b. insertion

c. deletion

d. point mutation

BIOCHEMISTRY 164. When starches are heated , they produce: a. sugars

b. glycogen

c. dextrins

d. disaccharide

165. Check the incorrect statement: a. ribose is an aldopentose

c. galactose is an aldohexose

b. maltose is a ketohexose

d. glucose is an aldohexose

166. The reducing property of sugars is due to this group: a. aldehyde

b. nitro

c. carboxyl

d. methyl

167. The monosaccharide most rapidly absorbed from the small intestine is: a. glucose

b. fructose

c. mannose

d. galactose

168. A condition known as atherosclerosis results as an accumulation in the blood of a. calcium

b. pathogens

c. cholesterol

vessels

d. ketones

169. Ketoses can be differentiated from aldoses by this test: a. Molisch’s test

b. Benedict’s test

c. Seliwanoff’s test

d. Tollen’s

test

170. The clinical test for the determination of cholesterol: a. Liebermann-Burchard b. Salkowski d. none of the above

c. both a and b

171. Concentrated dehydrating acids change monosaccharides to: a. simple sugars d. uronic acids

b. saccharic acids e. aldaric acids

c. furfurals

172. A mucopolysaccharide which possesses an anticoagulant property: a. pectin b. hyaluronic acid e. chondroitin sulfate

c. heparin

d. chitin

BIOCHEMISTRY 173. Which of the following is the test for reducing sugars for urine? a. Benedict’s test

b. acrolein test

c. Biuret test

d. Brown Ring test

174. Lactose can be differentiated from fructose by: a. Mucic acid test e. Tollen’s test

b. Barfoed’s test

c. Fehling’s test

d. Iodine test

175. Polymers that are responsible for the metabolic capabilities and morphology organisms are: a. carbohydrates

b. proteins

c. polysaccharides

of

d. nucleic acid

176. The product obtained from the partial hydrolysis of collagen: a. myosin d. fibrinogen

b. gelatin e. thrombin

c. actin

177. The main carbohydrate of the blood is: a. D-fructose

b. D-glucose c. mannitol

d. sorbitol

178. A normal value of glucose in the blood: a. 100 to 200 mg%

b. 80–120 mg%

c. 50–75 mg%

d. 200–300 mg%

179. Butter becomes rancid upon exposure to air due to formation of: a. acetic acid

b. butyric acid

c. formic acid

d. propionic

acid

180. The cholesterol molecule is: a. an aromatic ring

b. a straight chain acid

c. a steroid

d. A tocopherol

181. Which of the following is a phospholipid? a. glycogen

b. prostaglandin

c. sphingomyelin

d. oleic acid

BIOCHEMISTRY 182. The passage of the end products of digestion from the small intestine into the blood stream: a. metabolism e. reduction

b. digestion

c. absorption

d. oxidation

183. Endocrine gland that is a small oval body situated at the base of the brain: a. hypophysis

b. pancreas

c. adrenal

d. none of the above

184. Cellular elements of the blood devoid of nucleus: a. RBC

b. WBC

c. thrombocytes

d. all of the above

185. Is the sum total of all activities directed towards the maintenance of life: a. catabolism b. anabolism d. photosynthesis e. fermentation

c. metabolism

186. This substance accumulates in the muscles as a result of vigorous exercise: a. muscle glycogen

b. amino acids

c. lactic acid

187. A common intermediate of metabolism of carbohydrates, fatty acids and a. glycerol d. oxaloacetate

b. acetyl CoA e. acetylcholine

d. glucose

amino acids is:

c. acetoacetate

188. The principal site of glucose production in the human body is the : a. blood

b. liver

c. pituitary gland

d. small intestine

189. The major buffer of the extracellular fluid: a. bicarbonate-carbon dioxide d. none of the above

b. amino acids

c. phosphate

190. Separates from cells when blood is coagulated: a. fibrinogen e. none of the above

b. plasma

c. serum

d. thrombin

BIOCHEMISTRY 191. Glycolipids found in high concentrations in the brain and nerve cells especially in the myelin sheath: a. lecithin d. sphingolipids

b. cephalins

c. cerebrosides

192. Alcohol in the body is : a. oxidized to CO2 and HOH

c. excreted by kidneys

b. excreted mainly by lungs

d. excreted by large intestine

193. Which of the following tissues contains the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase and is able to supply glucose to the blood? a. heart

b. brain

c. liver

d. none of the above

194. Complete digestion of all foodstuffs occurs in the : a. large intestine e. pancreas

b. stomach

c. mouth

d. small intestine

195. This compound is not a normal constituent of urine: a. sodium chloride

b. albumin

c. urea

d. uric acid

196. Decomposition of carbohydrates brought about by the action of enzymes ethyl alcohol and CO2: a. fermentation d. hydrolysis

b. adsorption e. saponification

liberating

c. detoxification

197. Blood clotting can be prevented by: a. sodium chloride

b. potassium chloride

c. sodium citrate

198. This hormone elevates blood sugar concentration: a. insulin d. glucagons

b. progesterone

c. estrogen

199. Deficiency in this vitamin causes red blood cell fragility: a. vitamin A

b. vitamin K

c. Vitamin D

d. vitamin E

200. The end-product in the hydrolysis of glycogen is: a. galactose

b. mannose

c. glucose

d. arabinose

BIOCHEMISTRY

201. In which form is glucose stored in the liver? a. glycogen

b. glucose (unchanged)

c. sucrose

d. starch

225. This sugar is also called an “invert sugar”: A.sucrose B.fructose C.glucose D.galactose 226.What type of sugar is found in nucleic acids? A.riboses B.glucoses C.mannoses D. galactose 227. The biochemical function of hemoglobin is? A.defense B.regulatory C.structural D.oxygen transport 228.The following enzymes catalyze hydrolysis reactios, except: A.proteases B.esterases C.transaminases D.nucleases 229.Porphyrins are involved in the building of: A.bones B.muscles C.blood D.connective tissue 230.Which among the folloving sugar is sweetest? A.glucose B.fructose C.sucrose D.galactose 231.Information and control centers of the cell: A.nucleoproteins B.enzymes C.carbohydrates D.lipids 232.Hydrolysis of nucleoproteins will yield: A.nucleic acids and histones C.nucleic acid and sugar B.nucleic acid and purines D.nucleic acid and pyrimidines 233.The condition wherein protein is found i hte urine is: A.glycosuria B.ketonuria C.proteinuria D.dysuria 234.alpha-hydroxy propionic acid is: A.lactic acid B.aminoacetic acid C.ascorbic acid D.pyruvic acid 235.This test detects the presence of indole rings: A.Molishch B.Hopkin’s cole n C.Millon’s D.Ninhydrin 236.The steps of central states: A.replication, translation and transcription C.replication, transcription and translation B.replication, transcription and transmission D.transcription, translation and replication 237.Reverse transcription takes place in: A.bacteria B.viruses C.algae D.molds 238.The number off chromosomes in the human cells is: A.41 B.42 C.43 D.46 239.Digestion of starch starts in the: A.mouth B.stomach C.small intestine D.large intestine 240. The ordered steps in protein synthesis is: A.transcription,transplalntation,activation,elongation B.activation, elongation, initiation, termination C.initiation, activation, elongation, termination D.activation,initiation, elongation, termination 241.Genetic code is” A.universal B.composed of 3 nucleotides C.continuous D.all are correct 242.Which of the following is called transamination? A.conversion of amino acids to hydroxyl acids B.conversion of amino acids to keto acids C.lose of ammonia from amino acids D.formation of ammonium salts from ammonia 243.Dextran is: A.cabohydrate B.glucose polymer C.glycoside D.protein 244.A genetic disease due to defective mechanism for pyrimidine dimmers: A.phenyl ketonuria B.xeroderma pigmentosum C.albinism D.N-glycosyl linkage

BIOCHEMISTRY 245.The type of RNA molecule that brings amino acids to the site of protein synthesis is: A.rRNA B.Arna C.mRNA D.tRNA 246.Most allergies are caused by: A.error in the immune system C.dust B.histamines produced by the body D.all of the above 247.RNA which plays an important role in the structure and biosynthetic function of ribosome: A.mRNA B.rRNA C.tRNA D.DNA 248.In the secondary structure of RNA: A.adenine will always pair with thymine C.cytosine will always pair with uracil B.cytosine will always pair with thymine D.adenine will always pair with uracil 249. A nucleic acid is made up of: A.sugar, nucleoside and a base C.nitrogenous base, amino acid and sugar B.proteins, sugar and a phosphate group D.nitrogenous base, phosphate and sugar 250.Bond between 2 amino acids A.glycosidic bond B.N-glycosyl linkage C.peptide bond D.hydrogen bond 251.Which of the following is not attest for protein? A.Acrolein B.Biuret C.Millons D.Xanthoproteic 252.Acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate to form: A.citrate B.carnitine C.acyl-carnitine D.none of the above 253.The proteins that make the fur, wool, claws and feathers: A.collagen B.keratin C.silk D.none of the above 254.Liquid vegetable oils may be transformed into solid fats by the process of : A.oxidation B.hydrogenation C.substitution D.reduction 255.The chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands: A.genes B.hormones C.vitamins D.enzymes 256. It is the sugar found in milk: A.lactose B.maltose C.sucrose D.raffinose 257.Prostaglandins are synthesized from: A.oleic B.stearic C.essential fatty acid D.non-essential fatty acid 258.Amino acid at an isoelectric point exists as: A.acid B.base C.zwitterions D.none of the above 259.The color of the skin, hair and eyes is due to pigment called: A.cytochrome B.melanin C.keratin D.heparin 260.Alkaline Hydrolysis of fat: A.saponification B.hydrogenation C.alkalinization D.hyroxylation E.all of the above 261.The only element in living matter that forms strong multiple bonds readily are: A.oxygen B.nitrogen C.carbon D.all of the above 262.Serotonin, a neurotransmitter, is derived from the amino acid: A.tryptophan B.threonine C.tyrosine D.phenylalanine 263.Alkaline hydrolysis of fat: A.saponification B.hydrogenation C.alkalinization D.hydroxylation E.all of the above 264.The main center of biosynthesis of nucleic acid is the: A.cell wall B.cytoplasm C.nucleus D.none of the above 265.Normal pH of the blood: A.7.4-7.45 B.6.6-6.9 C.5.5-6.6 D.4.8-8 266.Known as good cholesterol: A.HDL B.ergocalciferol C.ACTH D.LDL 267.Blood minus its cellular components: A.plasma B.serum C.hemoglobin D.fibrin 268.Which of the following is not an amino acid: A.leucine B.choline C.valine D.lysine 269. Are globular proteins, except:

BIOCHEMISTRY A.collagen B.serum albumins C.serum globulins D.hemoglobin 270.The precursor of vitamin A is: A.arachidonic acid B.isoprene C.naphthoquinone D.carotene 271.Are fibrous proteins, except: A.keratin B.histones C.elatin D.collagen 272.A type of antibodies that plays an important role in allergic response which causes anaphylactic shock, hay fever and asthma: A.IgA B.IgM C.IgE D.IgG 273. An inherited disease that affect red blood cells: A.albinism B.hyperglycemia C.sickle cell anemia D.hypoglycemia 274.Are ester of fatty acids with glycerol: A.phospholipids B.glycolipids C.waxes D.fats 275.The metallic salt of a high fatty acid: A.soap B.detergent C.inorganic salt D.glycerin 276.The following are enzymes found in pancreatic juice, except: A.papain B.trypsin C.chymotrypsin D.carboxypolypeptidase 277.The following are pathological constituents of urine, except: A.glucose B.albumin C.creatinine D.blood 278.All of the following carbohydrates are considered to be polysaccharide, except: A.heparin B.starch C.glycogen D.maltose 279.Which of the following hormones promotes rapid glycogenolysis in both liver and muscle: A.ACTH B. glutamine C.epinephrine D.prolactin 280.Fruity odor of urine is indicative of acetone bodies, a diagnostic value in case of acidosis in : A.diabetes insipidus B.porphyria C.cretinism D.diabetes mellitus 281.Rotation of polarized light is caused by solutions of all of the following amino acids, except: A.alanine B.glycine C.leucine D.valine 282.The precursor of vitamin D3: A.ergosterol B.stigmasterol C.7-dehydrocholesterol D.cholesterol 283.The enzyme present in the stomach which hydrolyzes proteins: A.trypsin B.pepsin C.amylopsin D.enterokinase 284. The reaction that takes place in cytoplasm: A.aerobic B.anaerobic C.oxidation D.reduction 285.Compounds of protein with a carbohydrate component: A.lipoproteins B.phosphoproteins C.glycoproteins D.nucleoproteins 286.What amino acid functions as a hormone? A.valine B.leucine C.alanine D.thyroxine 287.The pathway that occurs in the mitochondria: A.urea cycle B.citric acid cycle C.glycolysis D.fatty acid cycle 288.Carbohydrates that cannot be hydrolyzed to compounds with simpler molecules: A.oligosaccharides B.disaccharides C.monosaccharides D.polysaccharides 289.In the metabolism of protein, the liver: A.synthesizes amino acids C.absorbs blood B.breaks down amino acid D.stores amino acids 290.What is the stage of glucose oxidation that requires oxygen? A.anaerobic B.aerobic C.catabolic D.anabolic 291.An important protein in contractile muscle: A.keratin B.myosin C.elastin D.fibrin 292.Which is the main constituent of the group substance in the connective tissue? A.heparin B.fructosan C.hyaluronic acid D.mannosan 293.Raffinose, an important non-reducing sugar, is a: A.monosaccharide B.disaccharide C.trisaccharide D.tetrasaccharide 294.Non-protein molecules that are often associated with proteins are called: A.prosthetic group B.side chain C.zwitterions D.casein 295.They are chemical messengers:

BIOCHEMISTRY A.hormones B.enzymes 296.It is a polysaccharide: A.lactose B.maltose 297.Which sugar contains an aldehyde group? A.ketose B.aldose

C.vitamins C.amylose C.sorbitol

D.amino acids D.fructose D.mannitol