Review of Related Literature

`REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Monitoring and Billing System Monitoring and billing system is very important in terms in record keeping used in school or business transaction, to secure all information and avoid the record redundancy

or lost data information because the manual process, but using

computerize this problem is removed from the easy, fester, and not time consuming system for the good result transaction. According to Carlson (2011), You should utilize registration not merely for business and business reasons, but will also organizing class or training course, workshops, professional classes on the web, etc. While using the benefits associated with keeper registration is anticipated that can assist you get rid of worries of manual process. For anyone who is still using paper registration forms for the campers, it would be time hard to take into consideration camping registration forms to further improve efficiencies, improve organization, and alleviate manual, paper-based processes. In adaption to the statement of Barredo (2011), registration system are important for student to allow update the information especially in billing we need update from student to the system, responsibility pay he/she account and organizational performance. Monitoring information these important aspects through automation has made things better and simpler for managers. Rather than manually, the system is easy to used. With the use of automation systems to the gathered the information and to update the information of the student. Through this system, the resources information of the student needed for the tracing, monitoring, and updating information on time.

In addition to, the statement of Marrero, S. (2009) in his study entitled “Student registration System is the concept of Information Systems (IS) emerged in the early 1960s. More often, when information system is defined, the field Information Science is always associated, IS is an academic field that deals with the generation, collection, organization, storage, retrieval, and dissemination of recorded knowledge. Furthermore, it is a collection of related components designed to support operations, management, and decision making in any organization. Generally, Information Systems (IS) is supposed to inform people. Information System supports people or users in making intelligent decisions based upon the information derived from reliable data. Furthermore Desousa, T. (2008), states that Registration application has 3 core benefits. These are the following: 1) Efficiency. Everyone hates to deal with files of paper unless they do not have any other alternatives. The benefit of computerize solution makes services and information available from any time to update information. 2) Security of live data. Normally in more complex systems data is moved about separate systems and data sources. In computerize systems, these systems and processes can often be merged by reducing the need to move the data around.4) Cost Effective. Computerize applications can considerably lower the costs because of reduced support and maintenance, lower requirements on the end user system and simplified plans. Evangelista (2008)said that the registration system allow user access to record all information of student needed, remaining balance, the semester and year, and registration all activities include in the hole year. Through the system, students would be access and secure the information of the student, in the way of good transaction

between user and system to the best result. The use of individual student record would: 1.) increase the admissions capacity to follow a student’s progress over time;2.) Reduce data collection burden through a computerize registration system 3.) as a tool of monitoring information of the student. Lastly Reese, R. (2004) talks about Record management and transaction processing that would achieve efficiency on processing student information. It would be a great help to the administrative personnel, academic personnel, grantors or stakeholders, parents and students in updating, retrieving and generating student data.

Record Keeping System Open government initiatives in advanced countries are undergoing a transition from paper to electronic recordkeeping. For example, all ministries of the Netherlands are required to connected in the cloud by 2015 (Hofman, 2011), and Library and Archives Canada plans to be fully digital by 2017 (Allard, 2011), the Obama administration has set a goal for the federal government to go completely paperless by the end of 2019, by 2019, federal agencies will manage all permanent electronic records in an electronic format in US (Managing Government Records Directive, 2012). Digital recordkeeping is the backbone of open government initiatives and should be integrated into business processes (Presidential Memorandum—Managing Government Records, 2011). There are increasing expectations of citizens and customers that organizations should operate in a trustworthy, accountable, transparent, and socially Responsible manner (ISO/TC46/SC11, 2007). However, according to a 2007 survey in China, almost 80% of organizations had no measures in place for the storage of records

Of emerging technology in China (Zhang, 2008). According to a 2010 survey by the National Archives and Records. International trends and future directions of recordkeeping awareness, recordkeeping processes and regimes, recordkeeping systems and technologies have been identified as moving towards meta-synthetic support in the digital world (An, Sun, & Zhang, 2011). However, there are few discussions on meta-synthetic strategies for digital recordkeeping based on the integrated use of ISO recordkeeping and management systems for records (MSR) products in archival and recordkeeping literature (Cabero, Martín-Pozuelo, &Zazo, 2011). The adoption and adaptation of ISO/TC 46/SC 11 series of standards and integrated use of ISO MSSs as enablers of a meta-synthetic strategy for digital recordkeeping lead to innovation in and for society. “MSSs provide tools for a system and verifiable approach to organization control in an environment that encourages good business practices” (Bustelo& Ellis, 2011). ISO/TC 46/SC 11 standards provide a managerial framework, Administration (NARA), 95% of federal agencies were at a high to moderate risk of compromising the integrity, authenticity, and reliability of records due to no management regime for digital records, such disturbing results reveal that many government records are at risk of being lost forever (Ferriero, 2012). The need for robust digital recordkeeping is becoming more pressing (Australian National Audit Office, 2012). Billing System Payment Transaction is used in establishment, school and office for the workload system.

Crook, S. (2009) stated,“billing is an endless cycle and processing of daily and suspense’s may continue during the billing process or immediately once billing is complete in preparation for the next month of bills. Larger companies, school, and other office work may need to stagger billing into a weekly processor for different groups of customer or student to regulate the billing manager’s workload or level out the cash flow”. Monitoring This document aims to provide schools with guidance on the monitoring of payment transaction and generate all reports about student for the monitoring purposed. Ives I. (2012) explained time and Monitoring information equipment that these are the instruments used with student information and updating information, in most cases within a school place of work. The information that is captured in this procedure will be used to track student redundancy or lost of record. This system is important for the recordkeeping to avoid the redundancy or lost of record. If you own a business, you should consider monitoring in formation an important part of your workforce management. As cited by Mrazek P. M.S.W Ph.D., et al (2004), the collection, organization, and use of community monitoring data may seem remote from the personal and compelling details of the person. In addition Shapiro J. (2001),Monitoringis the systematic collection and analysis of information as a project progresses. It is aimed at improving the efficiency and effectiveness of a project or organization. It is based on targets set and activities planned during the planning phases of work. It helps to keep the work on track, and can

let management know when things are going wrong. If done properly, it is an invaluable tool for good management, and it provides a useful base for evaluation. It enables you to determine whether the resources you have available are sufficient and are being well used, whether the capacity you have is sufficient and appropriate, and whether you are doing what you planned to do.

Records management Makhura, P. M.S.W, Ph.D. et al.,(2005) states that the management of both physical and electronic records plays a big role thus they need to be captured as soon as they are generated. Record management, as stated by the ISO: 15489 (2001), is the field of management responsible for the efficient and systematic control of the creation, receipt, maintenance, use and disposal of records. This includes the processes of capturing and maintaining evidence and information relating to business activities and transaction in the form of record. Records management therefore plays a major role in the care of record that are created within an institution such as a university. Ngulube, P. (2000) records management: Record management is the process by which internally or externally generated physical or electronic records are managed from their inception, receipt and storage, all the way through to their disposal