Retaining Walls - Soldier Pile (LRFD)
Short Description
soldier piling retaining walls...
Description
SOLDIER PILE RETAINING WALLS .01
(9-21-10)
GENERAL
A soldier soldier pile retaining retaining wall consists consists of steel H piles driven or placed in drilled holes and partially filled with concrete and either precast concrete panels set in the pile flanges or a cast-in-place reinforced concrete face attached to the front of the piles. Timber lagging is typically typically used for temporary temporary support support of excavations excavations during construction construction.. Design Design and constr construct uct soldie soldierr pile pile retain retaining ing walls walls based based on actual actual elevat elevation ionss and dimens dimension ionss in accordance with the contract and accepted submittals. submittals. Use a Soldier ile !a !all ll "ontractor pre#ualified by the $"D%T "ontractual Services Unit for cantilever retaining walls wor& 'wor& code ()*)+. ,or this provision soldier pile wall/ wall/ refers to a soldier pile pile retaining wall. Also panels/ refers refers to precast concrete panels and concrete facing/ refers refers to a castin-place reinforced concrete face. .02
SUBMITTALS
Two submittals are re#uired which include the soldier pile wall design and construction submi submitta ttals. ls. rovid rovidee ** hard copies copies of wor&in wor&ing g drawin drawings gs and ( hard hard copies copies of design design calculations for the soldier pile wall design submittal and 0 hard copies of the soldier pile wall construction submittal. submittal. Also submit submit an electronic copy 'D, on "D or D1D+ of each submittal. submittal. rovide rovide the soldier soldier pile wall construction construction submittal submittal at least () calendar calendar days before conducting the soldier pile wall preconstruction meeting. Do not begin soldier pile wall construction until the construction plan is accepted. .A Soldier Soldier ile ile !al !alll Design Design Submittal Submittal A Design Design 2ngineer is re#uired re#uired to design soldier soldier pile walls. Use a Design 2ngineer 2ngineer approved as a 3eotechnical 2ngineer '&ey person+ for a consultant pre#ualified by the $"D%T "ontractual Services Unit for the cantilever retaining retaining wall design discipline. The 4etaining !all lans show a plan view typical sections details notes and an elevation or profile view view 'wall envelope+ for each soldier pile wall. 5efore beginning soldier pile wall design survey existing ground elevations shown on the plans and other elevations elevations in the vicinity of soldier soldier pile walls as needed. 5ased on these elevations elevations finished grades and actual soldier pile wall dimensions and details submit revised wall envelopes envelopes for review and acceptance. acceptance. Use the accepted accepted revised wall wall envelopes for for design. Design soldier pile walls in accordance with the plans and Article **.6 of the AASHTO the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications unless otherwise re#uired. Also design design walls for a maximum deflection of *.78 of the exposed wall height or (/ '97 mm+ whichever is less. !hen a note on plans re#uires a live load 'traffic+ 'traffic+ surcharge use a surcharge surcharge load of :7) psf '*: &a+ with a load factor of *.97 in accordance with Article (.**.;.: of the AASHT% ontal load of 7)) lbs?linear ft '9.() &$?linear m+ of wall. Apply additional loads to the bac& of soldier pile walls at a depth of : ft ').;m+ below grade elevation. Use a maximum H pile spacing of *) ft '( m+. At the "ontractor=s "ontractor=s option use driven or drilled-in piles for soldier pile walls with concrete facing unless re#uired otherwise on the plans. ,or soldier pile walls with with panels use drilled-in piles unless noted otherwise otherwise on the plans. @nstall drilled-in piles piles by excavating holes with diameters that result result in at least (/ '97 mm+ of clearance all around piles. At the "ontractor=s option use panels or concrete facing unless re#uired otherwise on the plans. Design panels and concrete facing facing in accordance with the plans and Section 7 of t he he AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications unless otherwise otherwise re#uired. re#uired. rovide reinforcement of sufficient density to satisfy Article 7.9.(.0 of the AASHT% e steel piles in accordance with Section *)9; of the Standard Specifications. Specifications.
,or drilled-in piles use excavatable flowable fill in accordance with Article (0)-: of the Standard Specifications and Specifications and "lass A "oncrete in accordance with Article *)))-0 of the Standard Specifications except Specifications except as modified herein. rovide concrete with a slump of ; to 6 inches inches '*7) '*7) to :)) mm+. mm+. Use an approve approved d high-ran high-range ge water water reducer reducer to achieve this slump. .* ain ainti ting ng il iles es !hen a note on plans re#uires painting piles smooth clean prepare and shop paint portions of galvani>ed piles that will not be encased in concrete below ground in accord accordance ance with Section Sectionss 00: and *)6) of the Standard Specifications Specifications with the exception exception of the following. following. rovide rovide shop certification certification in accordance with Articl Articlee 00:-*) of the Standard Specifications regardless Specifications regardless of the #uantity of painted steel. Smooth high spots and rough edges such as metal drip lines of galvani>ed surfaces in accordance accordance with ASTB D;(6;. D;(6;. "lean galvani>ed galvani>ed surfaces surfaces to be painted with a :7)) psi '*9.: Ba+ pressure pressure washer. washer. Allow Allow surfaces surfaces to dry completely before before beginning surface preparation. repare galvani>ed surfaces to be painted by sweep blasting in accordance with ASTB D;(6;. Use an abrasive abrasive material material and techni#ue techni#ue that roughens the surface surface while leaving leaving base >inc layers layers intact. After After sweep blasting blasting blow down blasted blasted surfaces with clean dry compressed air free of contamination. Apply paint to clean dry surfaces free of visible >inc oxides or >inc hydroxides within 6 hours of surface preparation. preparation. Use the paint system below for painting painting piles gray. ,or painting piles other colors contact the $"D%T Baterials Tests Tests Unit for an appropriate paint system. Coat
Mate!a"#
D$%Wet &!"' T!*+e,, ('!",) M!+ Ma @ntermediate *)6)-*: 5rown (.) D,T 7.) D,T Stripe *)6)-*: !hite 0.) !,T 9.) !,T Topcoat *)6)-*: 3ray :.) D,T 0.) D,T Tota" 7.) D,T C.) D,T E See Article *)6)-*: of the Standard Specifications
.5 !all Drai Drainag nagee Syste Systems ms !all drainage systems consist of drain !all drain strips drains and outlet components. rovide Type ( Banufacturer=s "ertifications in accordance with Article *);-( of the Standard Specifications for wall drainage drainage materia materials. ls. ,urnis ,urnish h certif certifica icatio tions ns with with minim minimum um average roll values 'BA41+ as defined by ASTB D00(C for core compressive strength and flow rate properties properties of drain strips. strips. ,or testing testing drain strips strips a lot is defined as a single day=s production.
Use at least *: inch '()) mm+ wide prefabricated geocomposite drain strips consisting of a nonnon-wo wove ven n poly polypr prop opyl ylen enee geot geotex exti tile le bond bonded ed to one one side side of an HD2 HD2 or polystyrene drainage core e.g. sheet drain. rovide drain strips with cores meeting the following re#uirements. Coe Poet$ ASTM Te,t Meto/ Re!e'e+t (MAR 1) Thic&ness D7*CC F - G inch '; *( mm+ "ompressive Strength D*;:* 0) psi ':9; &a+ ,low 4ate 'with a gradient of *.)+ D09*; 7 gpm '* l?s+: 1
MARV does not apply to thickness
2
per ft 'm+ of width tested
Use drain drain and outlet outlet materi materials als meetin meeting g the re#uir re#uireme ements nts of subsur subsurfac facee draina drainage ge materials in accordance with Section *)00 of the Standard Specifications. Specifications. ." recas recastt "oncret "oncretee ane anels ls rovide precast concrete panels meeting the re#uirements of Sections *))) and *)99 of the Standard Specifications and reinforcing reinforcing steel meeting the re#uirement re#uirementss of Section Section *)9) of the Standard Specifications. Specifications. roduce panels within F inch '; mm+ of the panel dimens dimension ionss shown shown in the accepted accepted submitt submittals als.. Damaged Damaged panels panels with with excess excessive ive discoloration chips or crac&s as determined by the 2ngineer will be reected. A minimum minimum compressiv compressivee strength of 0))) psi ':9.; Ba+ at :6 days is re#uired. ,or testing panels for compressive strength at least 0 cylinders are re#uired per :))) ft 2 '*6; m2+ of panel face area or a single day=s production whichever is less. Unless an exposed aggregate finish is re#uired provide panels with a smooth flat final finish in accordance with Article Article *)99-** of the Standard Specifications. Specifications. .* 2xpose 2xposed d Aggr Aggregat egatee ,inis ,inish h !hen a note on plans re#uires panels with an exposed aggregate finish provide an exposed aggregate finish for front faces of panels with a depth of exposure ranging from ) to F inch ') to to ; mm+. 5efore beginning panel production furnish three *:/ by *:/ '()) mm by ()) mm+ sample panels to establish acceptable variations in color texture and uniformity uniformity of the finish. finish. After the sample sample panels are accepted and within () days of beginning panel production produce a reinforced test panel of the largest si>e that will be used for the soldier pile walls with the accepted exposed aggregate finish and in accordance with the accepted submittals. submittals. Acceptance of the appearance of the panels during production will be based on the test panel and accepted sample panels. Use aggregate and cement from the same source as was used for the test panel and accepted accepted sample panels to produce the panels. rovide rovide access to visually inspect inspect the the enti entire re fini finish sh of each each comp comple lete ted d pane panell and and comp compar aree it to the the test test pane panell appearance appearance before stac&ing stac&ing panels. panels. 4eplace 4eplace the test panel with a new test panel every ( months during panel production.
.D $o. $o. 79 79 Sto Stone ne Use standard si>e no. 79 stone meeting the re#uirements of "lass 1@ Select Baterial in accordance with Section *)*; of the Standard Specifications. Specifications. .2 ontally and vertically of plan location and with no negative batter 'piles leaning leaning forward+. ,or soldier pile walls walls with concrete facing be aware that alignment variations between piles may result in a thic&er concrete facing in some locations in order to provide the minimum re#uired facing thic&ness elsewhere. $o additional payment will be made for concrete facing thic&er than the minimum re#uired. re#uired. ontal lifts with heights not to exceed 7 ft '*.7 m+. Use timber lagging or some other approved method for tempor temporary ary suppor supportt of excavat excavation ionss in accord accordance ance with with the accept accepted ed submi submitta ttals. ls. 4emove flowable fill as necessary to install timber lagging and ensure at least (/ '97 mm+ of contact in the hori>ontal direction between the lagging and pile flanges. @nstall temporary support within :0 hours of excavating each lift unless approved otherwise otherwise by the 2ngineer. 2ngineer. The installati installation on may be delayed if it can be demonstrate demonstrated d that the delay will not adversely affect affect the excavation face stability. stability. @f the excavation face will be exposed for more than :0 hours use polyethylene sheets anchored at the top and bottom of the lift to protect the face from changes in moisture content.
@f the the exca excavat vatio ion n face face becom becomes es unst unstab able le at any time time susp suspen end d sold soldie ierr pile pile wall wall construction and temporarily stabili>e the face by immediately placing an earth berm against the unstable face. Soldier pile wall construction may not proceed until remedial measures measures are proposed by the "ontractor "ontractor and accepted by the 2ngineer. 2ngineer. A revised revised soldier pile wall construction plan submittal may be re#uired. Do not excavate excavate the next lift lift until until the temporar temporary y suppor supportt of excavat excavation ionss for the preceding lift is installed. ." !all Drain Drainage age Syste Systems ms @nstall @nstall wall drainage drainage systems as shown in the accepted submittals submittals.. lace and secure geocomposite drain strips with the geotextile side facing away from the wall face. 2nsure that drain strips continuously contact the surface to which they are attached and allow for full full flow the entire height height of the wall. Discontinu Discontinuous ous drain strips strips are not allowed. allowed. @f splices splices are needed overlap drain drain strips a minimum minimum of *:/ '()) mm+ such that flow is not impeded. impeded. "onnect drain strips to leveling leveling pads by embedding strip ends at least 0/ '*)) mm+ into the no. 79 stone. "onst "onstru ruct ct drai drains ns in acco accord rdan ance ce with with Sect Sectio ion n 6*; 6*; of the the Standard Standard Specificati Specifications ons.. rovide drains with positive drainage toward outlets. .D ontal spacing of (:/ '6)) mm+ with each row staggered *;/ '0)) mm+ from the row of anchors above and below. Seal oints above and behind soldier pile walls between concrete facing and ditches with oint sealer. .2 5ac&fi &fill ,or fill sections or if a temporary slope is shown in the accepted submittals bac&fill behind piles and panels or concrete facing in accordance with Article 0*)-6 of the Standard Specifications. Specifications. %therwise %therwise bac&fil bac&filll voids behind behind panels lagging lagging and piles piles with no. 79 stone as shown shown in the accepted submittals. submittals. 2nsure all voids between panels and lagging and between piles lagging and the excavation face are filled with no. 79 stone. "ompact "ompact stone to the the satisfacti satisfaction on of the 2ngineer. 2ngineer. !hen separati separation on fabric fabric is re#uired overlap fabric a minimum of *6/ '07) mm+ with seams oriented parallel to the wall face. ., "oping "onstruct concrete coping as shown in the accepted submittals and in accordance with Section 0:) of the Standard Specifications. Specifications. !hen single faced precast concrete barriers are placed in front of soldier pile walls stop coping ust above barriers such that coping does not interfere interfere with placing placing barriers barriers up against against wall faces. Do not remove forms until concrete achieves a minimum compressive strength of :0)) psi '*;.7 Ba+. rovide a "lass : Surface ,inish for coping in accordance with Article 0:)-*9 of the Standard Specifications. Specifications. "onstruct coping oints at a maximum spacing of *) ft '( m+. Half-inch '*( mm+ thic& thic& expansion oints in accordance with Article 0:)-*) of the Standard Specifications are re#uir re#uired ed every every third third oint. oint. Half-i Half-inch nch '*( mm+ mm+ deep deep groove grooved d contrac contractio tion n oints oints in accordance with Subarticle 6:7-*)'5+ of the Standard Specifications are Specifications are re#uired for the remaini remaining ng oints. oints. Stop Stop coping coping reinfor reinforcem cement ent :/ '7) mm+ from either either side of expansion oints. Seal oints above and behind soldier pile walls between coping and ditches with oint sealer. .3 "oating "oating "lea "leanin ning g and 4epa 4epair ir After wall construction is complete clean exposed galvani>ed or painted surfaces of piles with a :7)) :7) ) psi '*9.: Ba+ pressure washer. 4epair galvani>ed ga lvani>ed surfaces that are exposed and damaged in accordance with Article *)9;-; of the Standard Specifications. Specifications. 4epair painted painted surfaces that are exposed and damaged damaged by applying 0.) to 9.) mils wet of a topcoat to damaged areas with brushes or rollers. rollers. Use the same paint for damaged
areas as used for the topcoat when painting piles initially. initially. ,eather or taper topcoats in damaged areas to be level with surrounding areas. .06
MEASUREMENT
AND PA7MENT
Soldier ile Retaining Walls will be measured measured and paid for in s#uare feet 'meters+. Soldier pile walls will be measured as the exposed face area with the wall height e#ual to the difference difference between between the top and bottom of wall wall elevation. elevation. The top of wall elevation elevation is defined as the top of concrete facing or coping or top of panels for soldier pile walls with panels and without coping. The bottom bo ttom of wall elevation is as shown on the plans and no payment will be made for portions of soldier pile walls below bottom of wall elevations. The contrac contractt unit price for Soldier ile Retaining Walls Walls will be full compensation for providing design submittals labor tools e#uipment and soldier pile wall materials installing piles excavating bac&filling and providing temporary support of excavations wall drainage systems reinforcement leveling pads panels and concrete facing bac&fill no. 79 stone fabrics coping and any incidentals necessary to design and construct soldier pile walls in accordance with this provision. @f necessary the contract unit price for Soldier ile Retaining Walls Walls will will also be full compensation for coating piles and providing bric& veneers in accordance with the contract. The contract unit price for Soldier ile Retaining Walls does Walls does not include the cost for fences handrails ditches guardrail and barriers associated with soldier pile walls as payment for these items will be made elsewhere in the contract. con tract. ayment will be made underJ Pa$ Ite'
Pa$ U+!t
Soldier ile 4etaining !alls
S#uare ,oot 'Beter+
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