Resume of Acceptance Criteria RT

ASME SEC I, Paragraph PW-51, ASME SEC VIII D1, ASME B31.1, Paragraph 136.4.5, API STD 650 Table 1-1 – Maximum Discontinuity Size Allowed ASME SEC I; ASME B31.1

Defect

ASME SEC VIII D1, Para. UW-51; API STD 650

ASME SEC VIII D1, Paragraph UW-52

Crack

None

None

None

Lack of Fusion

None

None

None

Incomplete Penetration Elongated Indications

None

None

None

6.0 mm (¼") for t up to 19.0 mm (¾") inclusive; 1/3t for t from 19.0 mm (¾") to 57.0 mm (2¼") inclusive; 19 mm (¾") for t over 57 mm (2¼") aggregate length greater than t in a length of 12t, except when the distance between successive indications exceeds 6L where L is the longest indication in the group

6.0 mm (¼") for t up to 19.0 mm (¾"); 1/3t for t from 19.0 mm (¾") to 57.0 mm (2¼") inclusive; 19 mm (¾") for t over 57 mm (2¼") aggregate length greater than t in a length of 12t, except when the distance between successive indications exceeds 6L where L is the longest indication in the group

2/3 t where t is the thickness of the weld excluding allowed reinforcement

Porosity & Rounded Indications Tungsten

Refer to Table 2-2 of this Appendix

Refer to Table 2-2 of this Appendix

Refer to Table 2-2 of this Appendix

Refer to Table 2-2 of this Appendix.

Root Concavity

Unacceptable if the density is greater than that of the parent material.

Group of Aligned Indications

the sum of the longest dimensions of all such indications is < t in a length of 6t & the longest indications are separated by 3L where L is the length of the longest indication. The maximum length of acceptable indication shall be ¾". Any such indication shorter than ¼" shall be acceptable for any plate thickness. Round indications are not a factor unless 100% examination is required. Rounded tungsten inclusions are to be evaluated as rounded indications per UW-51. Elongated and aligned tungsten inclusions are unacceptable.

Rounded Indications shall be judged against the standards set forth in ASME SEC VIII D1, Appendix 4.

ASME B31.3 The type of weld joints and service conditions shall be considered to determine the method of NDE required. Table 2-1 is to be used with all notes and is included with this SAEP for radiographic film interpretation. Porosity - Refer to Table 1.1 of this appendix.

Table 2-2 – Acceptance Criteria for Table 2-1 Symbol

Measure

Acceptable Value Limits (Note 6)

A

Extent of imperfection

Zero (no evident imperfection)

B

Depth of incomplete penetration

≤ 0.8 mm (1/32 in.) and ≤ 0.2Tw

C

D E F

Cumulative length of incomplete penetration

≤ 38 mm (1.5 in.) in any 150 mm (6 in.) weld length

Depth of lack of fusion and incomplete penetration Cumulative length of lack of fusion and incomplete penetration [Note (7)] Size and distribution of internal porosity Size and distribution of internal porosity

≤ 0.2Tw ≤ 38 mm (1.5 in.) in any 150 mm (6 in.) weld length See BPV Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 4 For Tw ≤ 6.4 mm (¼ in.), limit is same as D For Tw > 6.4 mm (¼ in.), limit is 1.5 X D

Slag inclusion or elongated indication Individual length Individual width Cumulative length Slag inclusion or elongated indication Individual length Individual width Cumulative length

≤ 2Tw ≤ 3.2 mm (1/8 in.) and ≤Tw/2 ≤ 4Tw in any 150 mm (6 in.) weld length

H

Depth of undercut

≤ 0.8 mm (1/32 in.) and ≤Tw/4

I

Depth of undercut

≤ 1.6 mm (1/16 in.) and ≤Tw/4 or 0.8 mm (1/32 in.)

G

≤ Tw/3 ≤ 2.4 mm (3/32 in.) and ≤ Tw/3 ≤ Tw in any 12Tw weld length

J

Surface roughness

< 500 min. Ra per ASME B46.1

K

Depth of root surface concavity

L

Height of reinforcement or internal protrusion [Note (8)] in any plane through the weld shall be within limits of the applicable height value in the tabulation at right. Weld metal shall merge smoothly into the component surfaces.

M

Height of reinforcement or internal protrusion [Note (8)] as describe in L Tungsten Inclusions

Total joint thickness, incl. weld reinf., ≥ Tw For Tw mm (in.) Height, mm (in.) ≤ 6.4 (¼) ≤ 1.6 (1/16) > 6.4 (¼), ≤ 12.7 (½) ≤ 3.2 (1/8) > 12.7 (½), ≤ 25.4 (1) ≤ 4.0 (5/32) > 25.4 (1) ≤ 4.8 (3/16) Limit is 2L

**

To be evaluated as rounded indications. Elongated or aligned tungsten inclusions are unacceptable.

Tw = Nominal wall thickness of the thinner of two components joined by a butt weld. Notes: (1)

Criteria given are for required examination. More stringent criteria may be specified in the engineering design. See also paragraphs. 341.5 and 341.5.3 of ASME/ANSI B31.3

(2)

Longitudinal groove weld includes straight and spiral seam. Criteria are not intended to apply to welds made in accordance with a standard listed in Table A-I or Table 326.1 of ASME B31.1.

(3)

Fillet weld includes socket and seal welds, and attachment for slip-on flanges and branch reinforcement.

(4)

Branch connection weld includes pressure containing welds in branches and fabricated laps.

(5)

These imperfections are evaluated only for welds 5 mm (3/16 in.) in nominal thickness.

(6)

Where two limiting values are separated by "and", the lesser of the values determines acceptance. Where two sets of values are separated by "or", the larger value is acceptable.

(7)

Tightly butted unfused root faces are unacceptable.

(8)

For groove welds, height is the lesser of the measurements made from the surfaces of the adjacent components. For fillet welds, height is measured from the theoretical throat, Fig. 328.5.2A, of ASME/ANSI B31.3 internal protrusion does not apply.

API STD1104, ASME/ANSI B31.4, ASME/ANSI B31.8 Table 3-1 is applicable in determining the size and type of discontinuities when viewing radiographs for final acceptance in accordance with API STD 1104, ASME/ANSI B31.4, Paragraph 434.8.5, and ASME/ANSI B31.8. Table 3-1 – Acceptance Criteria for API STD 1104 Indication/Defect Inadequate Penetration (IP) (without high-low)

Unacceptable if any of the following conditions exist: 1. 2. 3.

Length of an individual indication of IP exceeds 25.4 mm (1.0"). The aggregate length of indications of IP in any continuous 304.8 mm (12") length of weld exceeds 25.4 mm (1.0"). The aggregate length of indications of IP exceeds 8% of the weld length in any weld less than 304.8 mm (12") in length.

Inadequate Penetration due to High-Low (IPD)

1. 2.

Length of an individual indication of IPD exceeds 50.8 mm (2.0"). The aggregate length of indications of IP in any continuous 304.8 mm (12") length of weld exceeds 76.2 mm (3.0").

Incomplete Fusion (IF)

1. 2.

Length of an individual indication of IF exceeds 25.4 mm (1.0"). The aggregate length of indications of IF in any continuous 304.8 mm (12") length of weld exceeds 25.4 mm (1.0"). The aggregate length of indications of IF exceeds 8% of the weld length in any weld less than 304.8 mm (12") in length.

3. Incomplete Fusion due to Cold Lap (IFD)

1. 2. 3.

Length of an individual indication of IFD exceeds 50.8 mm (2.0"). The aggregate length of indications of IFD in any continuous 304.8 mm (12") length of weld exceeds 50.8 mm (2.0"). The aggregate length of indications of IFD exceeds 8% of the weld length.

Internal Concavity (IC)

Any length of IC is acceptable provided the density of the radiographic image of the IC does not exceed that of the thinnest adjacent base metal. For areas that exceed the density of the thinnest adjacent base metal, the criteria for burn through are applicable.

Burn-Through (BT)

Pipe OD ≥ 2-3/8" 1. Maximum dimension exceeds 6.35 mm (¼") and the density of the BT's image exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent base metal 2. Maximum dimension exceeds the thinner of nominal wall thicknesses joined, and the density of the BT's image exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent base metal 3. Sum of maximum dimensions of separate BTs whose image density exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent base metal exceeds 12.7 mm (½") in 304.8 mm (12") of weld or the total weld length, whichever is less.

Pipe OD < 2-3/8" 1. Maximum dimension exceeds 6.35 mm (¼") and the density of the BT's image exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent base metal 2. Maximum dimension exceeds the thinner of nominal wall thicknesses joined, and the density of the BT's image exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent base metal 3. More than one BT of any size is present and the density of more than one of the images exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent base metal.

Table 3-1 – Acceptance Criteria for API STD 1104 (Cont'd) Indication/Defect

Unacceptable if any of the following conditions exist:

Slag Inclusions Elongated (ESI) Isolated (ISI) Note: ESI indications separated by approx. width of root bead (wagon tracks) to be considered as a single indication unless the width of either > 1/32". In that event, they shall be considered as separate indications.

Pipe OD ≥ 2-3/8" Unacceptable if: 1. ESI length > 2" 2. ESI width > 1/16" 3. Sum of the lengths of ISI > ½" in 12" of weld. 4. Width of ISI > 1/8" 5. > 4 ISI with maximum width of 1/8" in any 12" of weld. 6. Sum of the lengths of ESI & ISI > 8% of weld length.

Porosity - individual / Scattered (P) Note: Size based on maximum dimensions

Unacceptable if: 1. Size of individual pore > 1/8" 2. Size of individual pore > 25% of thinner WT joined 3. Distribution of Porosity exceeds API STD 1104 Porosity Charts.

Porosity - Cluster (CP)

Unacceptable if: 1. CP dia. > ½" 2. Aggregate length of CP > ½" in any continuous 12" of weld 3. An individual pore within a cluster > 1/16" in size.

Porosity - Hollow-Bead (HB)

Unacceptable if: 1. Length of individual HB > ½" 2. Sum of HB lengths > 2" in any continuous 12" of weld 3. Individual HB > ¼" separated by < 2" 4. Sum of HB lengths > 8% weld length.

Cracks (C)

Any size or location of cracks are unacceptable except for shallow crater or star cracks. Shallow crater or star crack length > 5/32" is unacceptable.

Undercutting Adjacent to cover pass (EU) Adjacent to root pass (IU)

Unacceptable if: 1. Any combination EU & IU length > 2" in any continuous 12" of weld. 2. Sum of EU & IU lengths in any combination > 1/6 of weld length.

Tungsten Inclusions

Individual tungsten inclusions are be evaluated as rounded indications (Porosity). Elongated or aligned tungsten inclusions are unacceptable.

Accumulation of Discontinuities Excluding IPD, EU & IU

Unacceptable if: 1. Sum lengths of indications > 2" in any continuous 12" of weld. 2. Sum lengths of indication > 8% of weld length.

Pipe / Fitting Discontinuities

Arc burns, long seam discontinuities and other discontinuities in the pipe or fittings detected by RT shall be recordable.

Pipe OD < 2-3/8" Unacceptable if: 1. ESI > 3 X nominal WT of the thinner thickness joined. 2. ESI width > 1/16" 3. Sum of ISI lengths > 2 X nominal WT of thinner thickness joined and ISI width > ½ nominal WT of thinner thickness joined. 4. Aggregate length of ESI & ISI > 8% of weld length.

AWS D1.1 Radiographic acceptance criteria for AWS D1.1 is different for Statically Loaded and Dynamically Loaded structures. This SAEP covers only statically loaded structures. For Dynamically loaded structures, refer to the appropriate sections of AWS D1.1. If there is doubt as to the designation of statically or dynamically loaded, refer to the project engineer for determination. The radiographic film interpreter should confirm the loading classification prior to proceeding the interpretation of film. Rejection criteria for Statically loaded structures are provided below. Note that to determine the allowable and rejectable size of discontinuities, the use of both the tables and charts are required. Statically Loaded Structures Table 4-1 (AWS D1.1 Paragraph 8.15.3.2) and figure 4-1 together establish the rejection criteria for radiographic indications of statically loaded structures. Discontinuities exceeding the following limitations shall be unacceptable. (E = weld size; T = material thickness) Table 4-1 – Rejection Criteria for Statically Loaded Structures, AWS D1.1 Para 8.15.3.2 Indication

Rejection Criteria

Cracks

None permitted

Elongated Discontinuities

> maximum size of chart 4-1

Clearance between discontinuities

< minimum clearance allowance of fig 4-1

Rounded Discontinuities

> E/3 or > ¼" for T ≤ 2" > E/3 or > 3/8" for T > 2" Minimum clearance between a rounded discontinuity > 3/32" to an acceptable rounded or elongated discontinuity or to an edge or end of an intersection shall be three (3) times the larger discontinuity. Sum of greatest dimension > maximum size of a single discontinuity permitted in Fig. 4-1. Minimum clearance to another cluster or elongated discontinuity or to an edge or end of an intersecting shall be three (3) times the larger discontinuity. shall not exceed 2E/3 or 3/8" which ever is less in 1" of weld.

Isolated Discontinuity, i.e., a cluster of rounded indications

Sum of Individual Discontinuities each being < 3/32" In-Line Discontinuities Tungsten Inclusions

Sum > E in any length of 6E. Where length of weld is < 6E, permissible sum shall be proportionately less. Individual tungsten inclusions are be evaluated as rounded indications (Porosity). Elongated or aligned tungsten inclusions are unacceptable.

Figure 4-1 Weld Quality Requirements for Elongated Discontinuities as Determined by Radiography for Statically Loaded Structures (see AWS D1.1 Paragraph 6.15.3.2)