Republic vs Valencia

REPUBLIC vs. VALENCIA G.R. No. L-32181 March 5, 1986 AC!"# R$s%o&'$&( L$o&or Va Va)$&c*a, +or a&' *& $ha)+ o+ h$r *&or ch*)'r$& +*)$' *(h (h$ Co/r( o+ *rs(I&s(a&c$ o+ C$/ a %$(*(*o& +or (h$ ca&c$))a(*o& a&'0or corr$c(*o& o+ $&(r*$s o+ *r(h o+ B$r&ar'oGo a&' $ss*ca Go *& (h$ C*v*) R$*s(r o+ (h$ C*( o+ C$/. !h$ cas$ as 'oc4$($' as "%$c*a)Proc$$'*&s No. 33-R. !h$ "o)*c*(or G$&$ra) +*)$' a& o%%os*(*o& (o (h$ %$(*(*o& a))$*& (ha( (h$ %$(*(*o& +or corr$c(*o&o+ $&(r *& (h$ C*v*) R$*s(r %/rs/a&( (o Ar(*c)$ 12 o+ (h$ N$ C*v*) Co'$ o+ (h$ Ph*)*%%*&$s *&r$)a(*o& (o R/)$ 18 o+ (h$ R$v*s$' R/)$s o+ Co/r(, co&($%)a($s a s/ar %roc$$'*& a&'corr$c(*o& o+ $r$ c)$r*ca) $rrors, (hos$ har)$ss a&' *&&oc/o/s cha&$s s/ch as (h$ corr$c(*o&o+ a &a$ (ha( *s $r$) *s%$))$', occ/%a(*o& o+ %ar$&(s, $(c., a&' &o( cha&$s or corr$c(*o&s*&vo)v*& c*v*) s(a(/s, &a(*o&a)*(, or c*(*7$&sh*% h*ch ar$ s/s(a&(*a) a&' co&(rov$rs*a). *&'*& (h$ %$(*(*o& (o $ s/++*c*$&( *& +or a&' s/s(a&c$, (h$ (r*a) co/r( *ss/$' a& or'$r'*r$c(*& (h$ %/)*ca(*o& o+ (h$ %$(*(*o& a&' (h$ 'a($ o+ h$ar*& (h$r$o+ *& (h$ C$/ A'voca($, A'voca($, a&$s%a%$r o+ $&$ra) c*rc/)a(*o& *& (h$ c*( a&' %rov*&c$ o+ C$/, o&c$ a $$4 +or (hr$$ 3co&s$c/(*v$ $$4s, a&' &o(*c$ (h$r$o+, '/) s$rv$' o& (h$ "o)*c*(or G$&$ra), (h$ Loca) C*v*)R$*s(rar o+ C$/ C*( a&' Go E&. R$s%o&'$&( L$o&or Va)$&c*a, Va)$&c*a, +*)$' h$r r$%) (o (h$ o%%os*(*o& h$r$*& sh$ a'*(($' (ha( (h$%r$s$&( %$(*(*o& s$$4s s/s(a&(*a) cha&$s *&vo)v*& (h$ c*v*) s(a(/s a&' &a(*o&a)*( or c*(*7$&sh*%o+ r$s%o&'$&(s, /( a))$$' (ha( s/s(a&(*a) cha&$s *& (h$ c*v*) r$*s(r r$cor's *&vo)v*& (h$c*v*) s(a(/s o+ %ar$&(s, (h$*r &a(*o&a)*( or c*(*7$&sh*% a $ a))o$' *+- 1 (h$ %ro%$r s/*( *s+*)$', a&' 2 $v*'$&c$ *s s/*(($', $*(h$r (o s/%%or( (h$ a))$a(*o&s o+ (h$ %$(*(*o& or (o '*s%rov$(h$ sa$: (ha( r$s%o&'$&(s hav$ co%)*$' *(h (h$s$ r$;/*r$$&(s  +*)*& (h$ %r$s$&( s%$c*a)%roc$$'*& +or ca&c$))a(*o& or corr$c(*o& o+ $&(r*$s *& (h$ c*v*) r$*s(r %/rs/a&( (o R/)$ 18 o+h$ R$v*s$' R/)$s o+ Co/r( a&' (ha( (h$ hav$ ca/s$' r$aso&a)$ &o(*c$ (o $ *v$& (o (h$%$rso&s &a$' *& (h$ %$(*(*o& a&' hav$ a)so ca/s$' (h$ or'$r +or (h$ h$ar*&s o+ (h$*r %$(*(*o& (o$ %/)*sh$' +or (hr$$ 3 co&s$c/(*v$ $$4s *& a &$s%a%$r o+ $&$ra) c*rc/)a(*o& *& (h$%rov*&c$. "/s$;/$&(), "/s$;/$&(), (h$ Loca) C*v*) R$*s(rar o+ C$/ C*( +*)$' a o(*o& (o '*s*ss o& (h$ ro/&' (ha(s*&c$ (h$ %$(*(*o& s$$4s (o cha&$ (h$ &a(*o&a)*( or c*(*7$&sh*% o+ B$r&ar'o Go a&' $ss*ca Go+ro tre$ely 'iult to %rite or pronoune (; %!en t!e !"n#e %ill "3oi' onfu&ion ; %!en one !"& (een ontinuou&ly u&e' "n' (een (een +no% +no%n n &in &ine e !il !il'! '!oo oo' ' (y " Filip ilipin ino o n"$e n"$e,, "n' "n' %"& %"& un"% un"%"r "re e of "lie "lien n p"rent"#e '; %!en t!e &urn"$e "u&e& e$("rr"&&$ent "n' t!ere i& no &!o%in# t!"t t!e 'e&ire' !"n#e of n"$e %"& for " fr"u'ulent purpo&e or t!"t t!e !"n#e of  n"$e %ill preu'ie pu(li intere&t.  T!e $"tter of #r"ntin# or 'enyin# petition& for !"n#e of n"$e "n' t!e oroll"ry i&&ue of %!"t i& " proper "n' re"&on"(le "u&e t!erefore re&t& on t!e &oun' 'i&retion of t!e ourt. T!e e3i'ene pre&ente' nee' only (e &"ti&f"tory to t!e ourt it nee' not (e t!e (e&t e3i'ene "3"il"(le. it! t!e 3ie% %e t"+e of t!e "&e, re&pon'ent=& &u($i&&ion for " !"n#e of  n"$e i& %it! proper "n' re"&on"(le re"&on. A& it %ere, &!e !"&, &ine &!e &t"rte' &!oolin#, u&e' t!e #i3en n"$e "n' !"& (een +no%n "& "ri" )loi&", "l(eit t!e n"$e Ro&elie )loi&" i& %ritten on !er (irt! reor'. Ber &!ol"&ti reor'&, "& %ell "& reor'& in #o3ern$ent oe&, inlu'in# t!"t of !er 'ri3er=& lien&e, profe&&ion"l lien lien&e &e "& " erti ertie' e' pu(li pu(li  "oun "ount"n t"ntt i&& i&&ue' ue' (y t!e rofe rofe&& &&ion ion"l "l Re#ul"t e#ul"tion ion Co$$i&&ion, "n' t!e KHui+ CountK 'ou$ent of t!e C-)D)C, "ll "tte&t to !er !"3in# u&e' pr"ti"lly "ll !er life t!e n"$e "ri" )loi&" *rin#"& *ol"nte.  T!e i$per"ti3e& of "3oi'in# onfu&ion 'it"te t!"t t!e in&t"nt petition i& #r"nte'. *ut (eyon' pr"ti"litie&, &i$ple u&tie 'it"te& t!"t e3ery per&on &!"ll (e

"llo%e' to "3"il !i$&elf of "ny opportunity to i$pro3e !i& &oi"l &t"n'in#, pro3i'e' !e 'oe& &o %it!out "u&in# preu'ie or inury to t!e intere&t& of t!e St"te or of  ot!er people.  T!e -SG=& "r#u$ent t!"t re&pon'ent=& ("re te&ti$ony i& in&uient to &!o% t!"t t!e re8ue&te' n"$e i& not &ou#!t for "ny ille#"l purpo&e "n'Lor in "3oi'"ne of  "ny ent"n#le$ent %it! t!e l"% 'e&er3e& &"nt on&i'er"tion. Surely, t!e i&&u"ne of " polie "n' N*/ le"r"ne or li+e erti"tion, %!ile per!"p& "propo&,"nnot, "& t!e t!e -SG -SG &u## &u##e& e&t& t&,, (e " on3 on3in ini in# n# nor$ nor$ of one= one=& & #oo' #oo' $or" $or"ll !"r !"r" "te terr or o$pellin# e3i'ene to pro3e t!"t t!e !"n#e of n"$e i& not &ou#!t for "ny e3il $oti3e or fr"u'ulent intent. Re&pon'ent=& Re&pon'ent=& open ourt te&ti$ony, #i3en un'er p"in of  perury "n' for %!i! &!e %"& ro&&e>"$ine', t!"t &!e !"' not (een "u&e' of  "ny ri$e un'er !er re#i&tere' n"$e or un'er !er pre&ent n"$e n"$e t!"t &!e i& u&in#; !"' on3ine' t!e tri"l ourt of t!e (on" 'e& of !er re8ue&t for !"n#e of  n"$e.  T!e petition i& )N/). T!e T!e ei&ion of t!e t!e Court of Appe"l& Appe"l& i& AFF/R). AFF/R).

$. R)" R)"E E 10* Authority of the trial courts to ma'e +udicial corrections of  entries in the ciil registry. registry. RE: ,#NA" RE-!R& !N &E J)/#C#A" A)/#& C!N/)C&E/ A& &E R&C $RANC 2 -AN#)#2 &AR"AC2 A..No.0671RT A..No.067 1RTC C -to(er 19, 2007 ,acts: A u'ii"l "u'it "n' p!y&i"l in3entory of "&e& %"& on'ute' on 202 June 2005 "t t!e RTC, "ni8ui, T"rl", *r"n! 67, t!en pre&i'e' (y Ju'#e Ce&"r . Sotero %!o o$pul&orily retire' on 24 Fe(ru"ry 2006.  T!e "u'it te"$ notie' t!"t t!ere %ere no &pei"l proee'in#& "&e reor'& reor'& pre&ente'. @pon in8uiry, t!e Cler+ of Court "ulino S"#uyo' "&&erte' t!"t $o&t of  t!e&e "&e& "re for etition& for Corretion of )ntrie& in t!e Ci3il Re#i&try "n' #"3e t!e "u'it te"$ opie& of t!e 'ei&ion&. 'ei&ion&.  T!e "u'it te"$ o(&er3e' t!"t "l$o&t "ll of t!e petition& !"3e no !e"rin#& on'ute' "n' t!"t t!e '"te of lin# in'i"te' in t!e 'o+et (oo+& "n' t!e '"te of  t!e 'ei&ion %"& &o ne"r t!"t it %ill (e i$pro("(le to o$ply %it! t!e pu(li"tion re8uire$ent un'er t!e Rule& of Court. /n 3ie% of t!e&e o(&er3"tion&, t!e Ju'#e Sotero "n' Cler+ of Court S"#uyo' %ere $"'e to e>pl"in %!y t!e&e petition& for !"n#e of n"$e "n'L or orretion of 

entri entrie& e& in t!e i3il i3il re#i& re#i&try try %ere %ere #r"nte #r"nte' ' %it!ou %it!outt t!e re8ui re8uire re' ' !e"rin !e"rin#. #. /n t!eir t!eir "n&%er, t!ey e>pl"ine' t!"t t!e&e petition& $"y (e o3ere' (y RA 90 %!i! "ut!ori?e' ity or $uniip"l re#i&tr"r to orret leri"l or typo#r"p!i"l error& in t!e i3il re#i&try %it!out nee' for " u'ii"l or'er. T!ey furt!er "3erre' t!"t t!e&e petition& %ere le' (efore t!e tri"l ourt (e"u&e t!ere %"& no inu$(ent Do"l Ci3il Re#i&tr"r "n' t!e -/CCi3il Re#i&tr"r oul' not "t on t!e&e petition&. Sine RA 90 "llo%& orretion of entrie& %it!out !e"rin# "n' pu(li"tion, t!e tri"l ourt on&i'ere' t!e &"$e proe'ure. T!e tri"l ourt "l&o "'opte' t!e proe'ure in i3il "&e& %!ere t!e 'efen'"nt i& 'el"re' in 'ef"ult "n' t!e ourt ren'er& u'#$ent ("&e' on t!e ple"'in#& le' (y t!e pl"intiee' e>ee'e' e' it& uri&'i uri&'ition tion %!en %!en it 'irete' 'irete' t!e 'eletion of t!e n"$e of re&pon'entM& re&pon'entM& f"t!er fro$ !i& (irt! erti"te. B)D:  T!e petition i& i$pre&&e' %it! $erit. in in f"3or of t!e t!e Repu(li; Repu(li; 1. A per&on per&on "n e