Renewable Energy Intro Ppt 1054

Renewable Energy Technologies in Power  Generation

 An Introduction ppt  - Sau Saurab rabh h Meh Mehta ta

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Contents

Introduction Wind Energy Solar Energy

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Contents

Introduction Wind Energy Solar Energy

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Introduction 

Renewable Energy ± ³any sustainable energy source that comes from natural environment.´

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Some Aspects of Renewable Energy 

It exists perpetually and in abundant in the environment

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Ready

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It is a clean alternative to fossil fuels

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³energy

to be harnessed, inexhaustible

that is derived from natural process that are replenished

constantly´ -- defined by the RENEWABLE ENERGY WORKING PARTY of the INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY 4

Introduction 

Contribution

of Renewable Energy in World Electricity

Production

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Introduction 

Major

Renewable Energy Sources

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Hydro

Energy

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Wind Energy

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Solar Energy

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Biomass Energy

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Tidal

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Geothermal

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Wave Energy

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Bio-fuel

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Bagasse

Energy Energy

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Present Installed in India

Capacity

Renewable Energy Source

of Renewable Energy Sources

Present Installed Capacity

Wind

10200 MW

Small Hydro

2100 MW

Bagasse

750 MW

Biomass

620 MW

Solar

2 MW Total RE Installed

Capacity

± 13672

Source: Ministry of New & Renewable Energy Sources (MNRE)

MW 7

Introduction Solar Panels

Wind Turbine Generators

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Contents

Introduction Wind Energy Solar Energy

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Wind Energy - Technology 

Differential

heating of the earth¶s surface and atmosphere induces vertical and horizontal air currents that are affected by the earth¶s rotation and contours of the land and generates WIND.

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 A wind turbine obtains its power input by converting the force of the wind into a torque (turning force) acting on the rotor  blades.

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The

amount of energy which the wind transfers to the rotor depends on the density of the air, the rotor area, and the wind speed.

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PLF of Wind Farm is normally in the range of 20 % to 30% depending upon the site conditions and W TG rating.

P  Power 

P = 0.5 X  X A X V3

  Air Density (kg/m3)  A  Blade Area -turbine (m2) V  Wind velocity (m/s)

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Wind Energy - Technology 

Major Components

of Wind Turbine

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Wind Energy ± Present Scenario 

Wind Power ± Fastest growing renewable energy source

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Globally,

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While in India it grew at the average rate of  33% over the past 9 years.

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Presently, India is ranked 4th in the world in terms of Wind Energy Installed Capacity

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Drivers

it grew at the average rate of 27 % pa over the past 10 years .

of growth

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Environmental Awareness and Sustainable Development

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Growing Global

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Improving Competitiveness of  renewable energy

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Security of Supply Concerns

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New Markets (e.g. India, China etc)

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Carbon Trading

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Fiscal Benefits by tariffs, etc)

Energy

Govt.

Demand

(PTC, feed in 12

Contents

Introduction Wind Energy Solar Energy

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Solar Energy - Technology 

Solar power is by far the Earth's most available energy source, easily capable of providing many times the total current energy demand .

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Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity.

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Two

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main commercial ways of conversion of sunlight into electricity.

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Concentrating

Solar Thermal Plant ( CSP)

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Photovoltaic Plants (PV)

CSP and PV both have their markets . PV is very successful in decentralized applications, whereas CSP offers advantages for central and large-scale applications. CSP power  plants are the most cost-efficient way to generate and to store dispatch able CO2-free electricity.

However,

there is no competition between both .

Rather,

they have to be seen as

complementary technologies. 

PLF of CSP ± In the range of 20 % to 30 % PLF of PV ± In the range of 15 % to 20 %

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Solar Energy - Technology 

Concentrating

Solar Thermal Plant

(CSP) It contains; 

Collector Field

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Turbine

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Generator 

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Cooling Tower 

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Transformer 

Courtesy: ESP Solar 

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Solar Energy - Technology 

Solar Photovoltaic Plants (PV) It contains; 

Solar Arrays

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Inverter 

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Transformer 

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Solar Energy - Technology 

In both CSP and PV technologies, solar resources plays major role.

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Maps are available to calculate solar resource of a particular region. However, for both CSP and PV technologies different solar radiations are taken into account.

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Basically two types of solar radiations are there;

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Global Horizontal irradiations (GH I)

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Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI)

For PV technologies GHI is considered. GHI consists of diffuse radiations and direct horizontal radiations (beam). Minimum

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GH I ± 1000 kwh/m2 pa

For CSP, DNI is considered. DNI is the amount of radiation received by a surface which is permanently aligned perpendicular to the incoming beam. Minimum DNI

± 1900 kwh/m2 pa

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Solar Energy - Technology A typical GHI irradiation Map for  India which is used to find a feasible site for PV Plant.

A typical DNI irradiation Map for  India which is used to find a feasible site for CSP Plant. 18

Solar Energy ± 

The

Current

Scenario

total installed capacity of solar 

power (Both CSP and PV) as of 2008 is 2826 MW. 

In India the total installed capacity of  solar power is around 2 MW.

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In India, various government and private players have entered into CSP and PV markets.

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MNRE has set a target to establish at least 50 MW of solar projects during the 11th plan.

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