Relatório Final Psicodiagnóstico - Eduarda, Fernanda e Letícia.
March 6, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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@ju @j u crjc crj c Guzy - VAG 31:93?431:93?4-4 4 N`rmcmjc N`rmcm jc Gcric Gcric Gcrtims j` [bu [buzc zc - VAG 31:;06 31:;064-0 4-0 H`tçkic H`t çkic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s - VAG 3164 3164:96 :96-9 -9 Zurgc5 4µ [`g`str`
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V`hctûrib j` Cvchicáëb M`urbpsikbhûaikc cpr`s`mtcjb cb kursb j` _sikbhbaic mc ãr`c j` Kiåmkics Fibhûaikcs ` jc [cõj`, ct`mj`mjb pcrt` jcs `xiaåmkics pcrc cprbvcáëb mc jiskiphimc j` _sikbjicamûstikb, sbf bri`mtcáëb jc _rbn`ssbrc Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë K cgpcmdë..
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I - Zçtuhb5 V`hctûrib j` Cvchicáëb M`urbpsikbhûaikc II - Jcjbs jb _crtikipcm _crtikipcmt` t` Mbg`5 E.B.N [`xb5 Gcs Gcskuhi kuhimb mb Jctc j` mcskig`mtb5 m cskig`mtb5 ;?/?4/ ;?/?4/394? 394? Ijcj`5 :?c, ;g, 64j. @skbhcrijcj`5 _ûs Arcjucjb. _`rçbjb jc cvchicáëb5 s`is `mkbmtrbs r`chizcjbs `g s`is jics, t`mjb kcjc s`ssëb jurcáëb j` 0? gim gimutbs. utbs. III - [bhikitcmt`5 E.B.N I^ - Nim chijc chijcj`5 j`5 imv`stiacáëb im v`stiacáëb j` d ipût`s` jicam jicamûstikc ûstikc pcrc Z ZJCD JCD.. ^ ‛ Cu Cutbr`s5 tbr`s5 @jucrjc Guzy VAG 31:93?4-4< N`r N`rmm cmjc Gcric Gcr Gcrtims tims j` [buzc [bu zc VAG 31:;064-0< H`tç H`tçkic kic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96 3164:96-9. -9. .
_ãaimc ; j` 31
6 J@[KVIÁËB JC J@GCMJC
B pcki`mt` tbgbu kbmd`kig`mtb jc trica`g ctrcvés j` ugc cgiac psikûhbac, qu` viu b pbst `g ugc r`j` sbkich Imstcarcg ` imjikbu c `h`. B g`sgb g`s gb r`hctc qu qu` ` pbssui chau chaums ms sim tbgcs tbgcs qu` `h` susp`itc `st `stcr cr r`hckibmcjb r`hckibmcjb cb ZJCD, kbgb jiniku ji nikuhjcj` hjcj` j` kbmk`m kbmk`mtrcáëb, trcáëb, s`m s`mt`-s` t`-s` nr`qu nr`qu`m `mt`g t`g`m `mt` t` caitcjb, kbstugc ncz`r gcis j` ugc u gc tcr tcr`nc `nc sigu siguhtcm`cg`m htcm`cg`mt`, t`, prbkrcst prbkrcstim imcr, cr, `mtr` butrbs. G`mkibmbu t`r rr`chizcjb `chizcjb t` t`st` st`ss qu` `mkbm `mkbmtr trbu bu mc imt`r im t`rm`t m`t pcrc v`r v`rinikcr inikcr s` pbssuçc ZJCD, chég j` imnbrgcr qu` s`us kbh`acs j` trcfchdb cpr`s`mtcg simtbgcs pcr`kijbs ` tbgcg g`tihn`mijctb (ritchimc), ` p`hc p`rk`páëb qu` t`g jbs `n`itbs jb g`jikcg`mtb sbfr` s`us kbh`acs, mëb abstcric j` tbgcr m `m `mdug dug g`jikcg`mtb. _brtcmtb, tt`g `g `xp`ktctivc qu` b mmçv`h çv`h j` s`u ZJCD s`ec ‘fcixb‗.
_ãaimc : j` 31
;
_VBK@JIG@MZB
C trica`g nbi r`chizcjc `g ug tbtch j` s`is s`ssð`s ctrcvés jb ct`mjig`mtb r`gbtb. _brég, ugc j`hcs mëb nbi pbssçv`h ct`mj`r, pbis b kcmjijctb `stcvc s`g gikrbnbm`. B kcmjijctb nbi imikichg`mt` kbmvbkcjb p`hb M@C_ ctrcvés ctrcvés j` `-gc `-gcih, ih, mb qu quch ch nbi ca`mjcjb b `mkbm `mkbmtr trbb ` `mkcgimd `mkcgimdccjb b himl him l jb Fhcklfbcrj bmj` bkbrr`ric c s`ssëb. Mb prig`irb `mkbmtrb (66/?9) nbi hijb eumtcg eum tcg`m `mt` t` cb vbhum vbhumtãrib tãrib b Z`r Z`rgb gb j` Kbm Kbms`mtig`mtb s`mtig`mtb Hivr` @skhcr`kijb (Z (ZKH@). KH@). Nbi tcgfég r`chizcjb b `mqucjr`, `g qu` nbi j`nimijb eumtb cb sue`itb qu` bs `mkbmtrbs ckbmt`k`ricg s`gpr` ïs t`rács-n`ircs, ïs 6?d kbg jurcáëb j` 0? gimu gimutbs tbs,, utihizcmjb b g`sg g`sgb b himl him l `mkcgimdcj `mkcgimdcjb. b. Chég jissb, nbi imnbrgc im nbrgcjb jb qu`` c kæg`rc ` gikrbnbm qu gikrbnbm`` `rcg igpr`s igpr`skim kimjçv`is jçv`is pcrc c rr`chi `chizcáëb zcáëb jc tr trica`g, ica`g, ` qu` b g`sgb pbj`ric j`sistir jb prbe`tb c quchqu`r gbg`mtb, s`g m`mdug pr`euçzb. Mc s`aum jc s`ssëb (?>/3?) bs pcrt pcrtikipcm ikipcmt`s t`s ck`sscrcg b him himll mb ddbrãrib brãrib ckbrjcjb, pbrég b vbhumtãrib cpr`s`mtbu jinikuhjcj`s tékmikcs kbg `g suc gãquimc, gãquim c, igp`jimjb qu` s`u gikrbnbm` numkibmcs numkibmcss`. s`. Nbi t`mtcjb t`mtcjb kbmtct kbmtctbb kbg b M@C_ pcrc bri`mtcáð`s, pbrég s`g suk`ssb. Cs t`mtctivcs j` ctivcr b gikrbnbm` nbrcg kbmtimucjcs cté ïs 6?d:?, `g qu` nbi ckbrjcjb kbg b sue`itb j` `mk`rrcr b `mkbmtrb mcqu`h` gbg`mtb ` jcr prbss`auig`mtb mc s`gcmc s`auimt`. B imçkib i mçkib jb tt`rk`irb `rk`irb `m `mkbmtrb kbmtrb nbi utihizcjb pcr pcrcc im imv`st v`stiacr iacr g`hdbr chau chaugc gcss qu`stð`s trczijcs p`hb sue`itb mc s`ssëb cmt`ribr, `g s`auijc imikicjb c `mtr`v `m tr`vistc istc JI^C, s`mjb tbt tbtchg`m chg`mt` t` cphikcjb `g trås s`ssð`s. B imçkib jb qucrtb `mkbmtrb nbi mbvcg`mt` utihizcjb pcrc imv`stiacr chaums pbmtbs trczijbs jurcmt` c `mtr`vistc JI^C mc s`ssëb cmt`ribr, ` jcjb kbmtimuijc kbmtimu ijcj` j` mc cphikcáëb jc `mtr `mtr`vist `vistc, c, pbrég mmëb ëb nbi pbssç pbssçv`h v`h nimchizc nim chizcr. r. C `mtr`v `mtr`vistc istc nbi nim nimchizcjc chizcjc mc qui quimtc mtc s`ss s`ssëb, ëb, s`mjb `g s` s`auijc auijc cphikcjb c `skchc j` igpuhsivijcj` Fcrrct. _crc c cphikcáëb j`st`, nbi `mkcgimdcjb cb pcki`mt` ug himl jb Abbah` Nbrgs, kbmt`mjb b qu`stibmãrib pcrc b sue`itb r`spbmj`r imjivijuchg`mt`. B s`xtb ` õhtigb `mkbmtrb nbi utihizcjb pcrc r`chizcáëb jc j`vbhutivc cb sue`itb, imnbrgcmjb qu` b g`sgb dcvic pr``mkdijb bs kritéribs gçmigbs pcrc _ãaimc 0 j` 31
jicamûstikb jicam ûstikb j` ZJCD j` ckbrjb kbg bs im imstr struu g`mtbs cphikcjbs, pbrt pbrtcmtb cmtb ddcvic cvic c dipût`s` jicamûstikc j` `n`tivcg`mt` pbssuir ZJCD. C pcrtir jistb, bs `mkcgimdcg`mtbs nbrcg r`chizcjbs, r`nbrácmjb cs kbms`quåmkics j` s`auir, bu mëb, m ëb, cs bri`mtcáëb.
_ãaimc > j` 31
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Bfs`rvcáëb Kbgpb rtcg`mtch
Mc prig`irc s`ssëb, nbi bfs`rvcjb qu` b khi`mt` `stcvc imqui`tb s`mtcjb mc kcj`irc, cpr`s`mtbu nchc ck`h`rcjc, cmt`kipbu b pr``mkdig`mtb jb ZKH@, s`g caucrjcr cs imnbrgcáð`s r`stcmt`s, chég j` s`r mbtûrib qu` b khi`mt` `stcvc r`chizcmjb r`chi zcmjb bu butrcs trcs ctivijcj`s jurcm jurcmt` t` c s`ssëb. Mc s`aumjc s`ssëb, nbi pbssçv`h bfs`rvcr mbvcg`mt` qu` b pcki`mt` `stcvc r`chizcmjb r`chizcm jb butrcs ctivijcj`s jurcm jurcmt` t` c s`ssëb, pbrég cpûs c sbhiki sbhikitcáëb tcáëb pcrc qu` b g`sgb s` kbmk`mtrcss` sbg`mt` cb ct`mjig`mtb, mbtbu-s` qu` b g`sgb ckctbu ` nbkbu suc su c ct`máëb sbg sbg`mt` `mt` cb ct`mji ct`mjig`mtb. g`mtb. C pcrtir jc t`rk`irc s`ssëb `g jicmt`, g`sgb kbg bs prbfh`gcs tékmikbs `g suc kæg`rc ` gikrbnbm` qu` cpcr`k`rcg `g chaugcs s`ssð`s, b sue`itb s` gbstrcvc trcmquihb ` s`gpr` prbmtb pcrc t`mtcr sbhukibmcr b prbfh`gc. _br nig, mc m c õ htigc s`ssëb `g qu qu` ` nbi r`chizcjc c j`vbhu j`vbhutivc tivc cb vbhu vbhumm tãri tãribb, b g`sgb gbstrbu-s` ct`mtb ï tbjcs imnbrgcáð`s pcsscjcs, cpcr`mtcmjb cfsbrv`r, kbgpr``mj`r ` kbmkbrjcr kbg bs r`suhtcjbs qu` nbrcg `mkbmtrcjbs mcs n`rrcg`mtcs utihizcjcs, JI^C 6.? ` @skchc j` Igpuhsivijcj` j` Fcrrct, kbmkhuimjb kbmkhu imjb c di dipût pût`s` `s` jicamûstikc jj`` cpr`s cpr`s`mtcr `mtcr sim simtbg tbgcs cs jb ZJCD. :.6 :. 6
@mtr @mtr`vist `vistc c Imikich
C `mtr`vistc nbi imikicjc p`hc c `stcaiãric N`rmcmjc kbg b Vcppbrt, qu` cpr`s`mtbu cs `stcaiãrics ` n`z c h`iturc jb ZKH@ eumtcg`mt` kbg b khi`mt`. Jicmt` jb ck`it`, c `stcaiãric p`raumtbu cb sue`itb kbgb `h` tbgbu kiåmkic jc trica`g, r`hctbu qu` qu ` u gc cgiac psikûh psikûhbac bac gcmjbu b pbst jb Imstcarcg . @mtëb c `stcaiãric r`chizbu b `mqucjr`, pcsscmjb cb pcki`mt` tbjcs cs r`arcs, qucmtb ïs nchtcs, c jurcáëb jcs s`ssð`s, c igpbrtæmkic j` `stcr mug hbkch trcmquihb bmj` pbssc s` `xpr`sscr s`g qu` mimauég b imkbgbj`, c qu`stëb jb siaihb, c igpbrtæmkic jb nbm` j` buvijb j` cgfcs cs pcrt`s, c igpbrtæmkic jc kæg`rc s`gpr` hiacjc ` qu` b g`sgb irã r`k`f`r b himl jcs s`ssð`s tbjc s`gcmc pbr `-gcih.
_ãaimc 1 j` 31
Nbi p`raumtcjb cb khi`mt` b gbtivb j` prbkurcr b ct`mjig`mtb, r`spbmj`u qu` qu ` bs kbh`acs jb s`rviáb tbgcg g`jikcáëb (Vitchi (Vitchimm c) pcrc Z ZJCD JCD ` suraiu c jõvijc, pbis ij`mtinikbu chaums kbgpbrtcg`mtb s`g`hdcmt`s cb jbs kbh`acs, b qu qu`` igpuh igpuhsibmbu sibmbu p`squiscr mc im imt`r t`rm`t m`t sb sbfr` fr` imnbrgc im nbrgcáð`s áð`s jb ZJ ZJC CD. V`chizbu t`st`s/qu`stibmãribs `xtrcçjbs j` sit`s j` umiv`rsijcj`s, qu` imjikcrcg im jikcrcg qu qu` ` pbj`ric t`r ZJCD. Nbrc issb, b g`sgb jiss` qu` s` jistrci nr`qu`mt`g`mt` qucmjb `stã ncz`mjb cs ctivijcj`s jiãrics, s` p`rj` mb t`gpb kbg cs ctivijcj`s ` qu` ncz vãrics kbiscs kbi scs cb g`sgb t`g t`gpb. pb. Jiss` cimjc qu qu`` ncz pûs-arcjucáëb `g Dckl`r Étikb ` qu` guitcs v`z`s p`rj` b jic j` `mtr`acr trcfchdbs, chég j` suc pûs arcjucáëb t`r jurcáëb ju rcáëb j` s`is g`s`s, pbrég ckcfbu `st`m `st`mj`m j`mjb jb `ss `ss`` tt`gpb. `gpb. Zrcfchdc kbg t`kmbhbaic - s`aurcmác jc imnbrgcá imnbrgcáëb, ëb, `stã `stã m`st` ttrcfc rcfchh d b dã jbis cmbs ` `stã c prbkurc j` butrb trcfchdb, r`hctc `stã `g fuskc j` butrb pbr jbis jbi s nctbr`s c ebrmcjc 36T;> iigpbssifihi gpbssifihitc tc qu qu` ` `h` tt`m `mdd c gbg`mtbs j` hcz`r kbg suc su c ncgçhic ` tcg tcgfég fég c qu qu`stëb `stëb schcrich schcrich.. Cnirgbu t`r imikicjb dã ug gås c prãtikc j` g`jitcáëb pcrc ceujcr kbg bs simtbgcs, ` qu` t`g c `xp`ktctivc qu` s`u mçv`h j` ZJCD s`ec fcixb, `xphikcmjb qu` abstcric j` mëb pr`kiscr tbgcr g`jikcáëb iauch cbs s`us kbh`acs jb trcfchdb. C `stcaiãric `mtëb `xphikbu sbfr` c trica`g jicamûstikc ` j`u kbgb `x`gphb, c trica`g qu` ckbmt`k` `g ug dbspitch. Jiss` tcgfég sbfr` bs f`m`nçkibs sbfr` ug pbssçv`h `mkcgimdcg`mtb pcrc s`rviábs nbrc bu j`mtrb jc nckuhjcj`, chég j` `xphikcr fr`v`g`mt` sbfr` c `mtr`vistc JI^C 6.? ` c @skchc j` Igpuhsi Igpuhsivijcj` vijcj` j` Fcrrctt Fcrrctt.. :. :.;. ;. Numáð `s @ @x`kutiv x`kutivcs cs
C trica`g t`v` kbgb bfe`tivb kbh`tcr jcjbs pcrc c cvchicáëb j` ugc dipût`s` jicamûstikc j` ZJCD, kbmtrifuimjb kbg c j`sgistinikcáëb jb ZJCD ` prbpbrkibmcr ugc prbxigijcj` kbg b t`gc, s`mjb bs cjuhtbs `ss`mkichg`mt` bs gcis pr`eujikcjbs pbr j`s`mvbhv`r`g `strctéaics kbgp`msctûrics `, kbg issb, kricr c nchsc s`mscáëb s`m scáëb j` kurc. B ZJCD s` kcrckt`rizc p`hb trib j` j`sct`máëb, dip`rctivijcj` ` igpuhsivijcj` qu` su sura`g ra`g j` nbr nbrgc gc `xca `xca`rcjc `rcjc,, kbmsij`rcmjb c ijcj` ` b mçv`h j` j`s`mvbhvig`mtb jb sue`itb. _br s` trctcr j` ug trcmstbrmb jb _ãaimc 4 j` 31
m`urbj`s`mvbhvig`mtb, c jinikuhjcj` `g gcmt`r c ct`máëb, b kbmtrbh` jbs igpuhsbs, igpu hsbs, pbj`g trcz`r pr`euçzbs cb kbgpbrt kbgpbrtcg`mtb cg`mtb nu numm kibm kibmch ch jb sue`itb, imt`rn`rimjb `g suc `sn`rc ncgihicr, sbkich, prbnissibmch ` ckcjågikc, cimjc pbj`mjb h`vcr c cpr`s`mtcr fcixc cutb`stigc, kbmnhitbs ncgihicr`s ` j` r`hckibmcg`mtbs r`hckibm cg`mtbs kbmeuaci kbmeuacis, s, `m `mtr` tr` bu butrbs. trbs. @g virtuj` jc pcmj`gic, bs ct`mjig`mtbs nbrcg r`chizcjbs j` nbrgc r`gbtc, ctrcvés j` himl jispbmifihizcjb p`hb M@C_. Nbrcg utihizcjbs jbis imstrug`mtbs pcrc imv`stiacáëb jc dipût`s` j` ZJCD, s`mjb `h`s c @mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g cjuhtbs (JI^C 6.?) ` c @skchc j` Igpuhsivi jcj` j` Fcrrct. Igpuhsivijcj` C `mtr`vistc JI^C 6.? imv`stiac cp`mcs simtbgcs-kdcv` jb ZJCD, igpbrtcmt`s pcrc b jicamûstikb, ` mëb butrbs simtbgcs, sçmjrbg`s bu trcmstbrmbs g`mtcis kbgûrfijbs, é j` sugc igpbrtæmkic cssbkicr ugc cvchicáëb psiquiãtrikc, pcrc imv`stiacr `pisûjibs jbs simtbgcs, sçmjrbg`s ` trcmstbrmbs tcis kbgb trcmstbrmbs j` cmsi`jcj`, j`pr`ssivbs, trcmstbrmbs fipbhcr`s, cfusb j` sufstæmkics, trcmstbrmbs jb sbmb ` trcmstbrmbs jc p`rsbmchijcj` p`rsbmch ijcj` (LB (LBBIE< BIE< NVCMK NVCMKL@M, L@M, 6?3?). C JI^C 6.? é jivijijc `g trås pcrt`s, ctrcvés j` ug qu`stibmãrib `struturcjb imv`stiac-s` cs ncs`s cjuhtc ` mc imnæmkic. C pcrt` I kbmsist` mc cm ãhis` jbs simtbgcs j` jénikit j` ct`máëb, c pcr cmãhis` pcrt` t` IIII `stã r`hckibm r`hckibmcjc cjc cbs simtbgcs j` dip`rctivijcj`/igpuhsivijcj` ` c pcrt` III kbmsist` mbs pr`euçzbs cbs simtbgcs sim tbgcs.. C trica`g nbi kbmkhuçjc kbg c dipût`s` jicamûstikc j` ZJCD, pbis b sue`itb pr``mkd pr``mkd`` jbs 34 krit kritéribs, éribs, 33;; mmcc ncs` cjuhtc ` 30 jc imnæm imnæmkic. kic. B J[G-0 j`t`rg j`t `rgim imcc qu` é mm`k`ss `k`ssãrib ãrib pr`` pr``mk mkd`r d`r mmbb gç gçmi migb gb s`is kr kritér itéribs, ibs, eeustinikcm ustinikcmjb jb c dipût`s` jicamûstikc.
Kritéribs
_r`s`mt` m c vijc cjuhtc
_r`s`mt` mc imnæmkic im næmkic
Jénikit Jéni kit j` Ct`máëb
>/9
4/9
Dip`rctivijcj`/Igpuhsivijcj` Dip`rctivijcj`/Igpuhsi vijcj`
1/9
1/9
3;/34
30/34
Zbtch
_ãaimc 9 j` 31
Mc ncs` cju htc é `sp`rcjb ugc r`juáëb j`ss`s kr kritéribs itéribs j` jicamûstikb, ugc v`z qu` eã pbssui ugc gcturcáëb jb kûrt`x pré-nrbmtch ` nbrcg j`s`mvbhvijcs `strctéaics kbgp`msctûrics. _br s` trctcr j` ug jistõrfib jb j`s`mvbhvig`mtb, cp`scr jcs `strctéaics kbgp`msctûrics, b ZJCD mëb sbg` bu kurc. _brtcmtb, pcrc t`r t`r rbtim rbtimcc gcis nu numm kibmch, cs `strct `strctéaics éaics kbgp`msctûric kbgp`msctûricss sëb j`s`mvbhvijcs j`s`m vbhvijcs (FCVLH@Y (FCVLH@Y,, 6?33, cpuj [BFVCH, 6?34). Bs simtbgcs jb sue`itb kcrckt`rizcg b suftipb jb ZJCD `g kbgfimcjb, pbis pr``mkd`u bs kritéribs tcmtb j` dip`rctivijcj`/igpuhsivijcj`, qucmtb j` j`sct`máëb mbs õhtigbs s`is g`s`s. É pbssçv`h r`hckibmcr `st` r`suhtcjb cs nchcs jb sue`itb, `g qu` cnirgc s`mtir-s` irr`qui`tb kbg nr`quåmkic, kbg`t` `rrbs r`auhcrg`mt` pbr mëb pr`stcmjb ct`máëb c j`tchd`s, t`g jinikuhjcj`s `g nimchizcr ugc tcr`nc s`g imikicr butrc (CG@VIKCM _[YKDICZVIK C[[BKICZIBM `t ch., 6?3:). B J[G-0 (6?3:) cimjc j`nim` c arcvijcj`, ` b pcki`mt` `mqucjrbu-s` g`hdbr mc gbj`rcjc, pbis cpr`s`mtc pr`euçzbs j`kbrr`mt`s jbs simtbgcs tcmtb ‘h`v`‗ kbgb bs `squ`kig`mtbs rbtim`irbs , kbgb bmj` aucrjbu s`us bfe`tbs p`ssbcis, qucmtb ‘arcv`‗ kbgb b jivûrkib ` c j`hbmac mc nimchizcáëb jc pûs -
arcjucáëb. B butrb imstrug`mtb utihizcjb nbi c @skchc j` Igpuhsivijcj` Fcrrctt, qu` g`msurc b arcu j` igpuhsivijcj` kbmtr kbmtrbh` bh` imi imifit fitûrib ûrib ff`g `g kbgb kbgb c kcpckijcj` j` phcm`ecg`mtb phcm `ecg`mtb (GCHHB (GCHHBY-JIMIU Y-JIMIU `t ch ch., ., 6?3?). Bs r`suhtcjbs `mkbmtrcjbs mc @skchc j` Igpuhsivijcj` Fcrrctt nbrcg5 Kbmtrbh` Imifitûrib :4, ctimaimjb p`rk`mtih j` 40, `mqucmtb mb kritérib Nchtc j` _hcm`ecg`mtb b g`sgb cpr`s`mtc `skbr` j` 6?, ctimaimjb p`rk`mtih >0. B pcki`mt` pcki`m t` cpr`s`mtc `skbr` a`rch j` >4, ctimai ctimaimjb mjb mc ttcf`hc cf`hc j` _`rnbrgcmk` `g frcsih`irbs frcs ih`irbs cjuhtbs p`rk`mtih j` 10.
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3? j` 31
Cmchiscmjb bs jcjbs cpr`s`mtcjbs mc @skchc j` Fcrrctt (FI[-33), b kcmjijctb cpr`s`mtc ug r`suhtcjb `xpr`ssivb j` p`rk`mtih j` 40 mb qu`sitb kbmtrbh` imifitûrib, bu s`ec, `stã 40% ckigc jc géjic a`rch, imjikcmjb pbukb kbmtrbh` imifitûrib. @st` jcjb kbrrbfbrc kbg bs r`suhtcjbs jc `mtr`vistc JI^C 6.? `g qu` b pcki`mt` pr``mkd`u bs kritéribs jicamûstikb pcrc dip`rctivijcj`/igpuhsivijcj`. Mb qu`sitb qu `sitb phcm`ecg phcm`ecg`mtb, `mtb, b r`suhtcjb ct ctim imaijb aijb é j` 6? sbf ugc cmãhi cmãhis` s` jc tcf`hc, j` ? - 99, b p`rk`mtih é j` 10, j`gbmstrcmjb qu` tcgfég ckigc jc géjic pbpuhckibmch, cpr`s`mtcmjb arcmj`s jinikuhjcj`s mb qu` r`n`r`-s` ï phcm`ecg`mtb. É pbssç phcm`ecg`mtb. pbssçv`h v`h ij`m ij`mtinikcr tinikcr `st `stc c jiniku jinikuhjcj` hjcj` mc nchc jb pcki`mt` `g qu` cnirgc kbms`auir gcmt`r s`us phcmbs j` hbmab prczb, pbr cp`mcs ug bu jbis jics. Jicmt` Jicm t` jbs r`suhtcjb r`suhtcjbss cpr`s cpr`s`mtcjbs `mtcjbs mbs im imst strug`mtbs, rug`mtbs, b pr` pr``mkd `mkdig`mtb ig`mtb jbs kritéribs kritéribs j` j`sct`máëb é `vij`m `vij`mt` t` mc jiniku jinikuhjcj` hjcj` jb pcki`mt` j` gcmt`r b nbkb, kbgb jurcmt` cs s`ssð`s qu` nbi pr`kisb kdcgcr c ct`máëb jb sue`itb chaugcs chau gcs v`z`s pcrc nbkcr cp`m cp`mcs cs cb ct`mjig`m ct`mjig`mtb, tb, m b kbgpbrt kbgpbrtcg`mtb cg`mtb jj`` im imikicr ikicr gcis j` ugc u gc tcr tcr`nc `nc s`g nim nimchizc chizc c cmt`ribr, mëb r`chizcr cs ct ctivijcj`s ivijcj`s qu` mëb kbmsij`rc r`h`vcmt`, j`s`mvbhvig`mtb j` `strctéaic kbgp`msctûric j` gcmt`r s`us bfe`tbs bfe`tbs p`ssbci p`ssbciss s`gpr` mmbb g g`sgb `sgb hhbkch bkch pcr pcrc c m ëb `squ`k`r bu p`rj`r p`rj`r.. Bs kritéribs j` dip`rctivijcj`/igpuhsivijcj` ` fcixb kbmtrbh` imifitûrib pr``mkdijbs kbrrbfbrcg kbg bs kbgpbrtcg`mtbs cpr`s`mtcjbs p`hb pcki`mt` jurcmt` cs s`ssð`s, `g qu` pr``mkd`u b ZKH@ cmt`s g`sgb j` jcjb `stc imstruáëb, nchcr `xk`ssivcg`mt`, chég jbs kbgpbrtcg`mtbs jb jic c jic, kbgb s`mtir-s` s`gpr` irr`qui`tb, pbssuir jinikuhjcj` `g `sp`rcr suc v`z, imt`rr im t`rrbgp`r bgp`r c nch nchc c `/bu ctivijcj` jbs butrbs. .
_ãaimc
33 j` 31
0 KBMKHP[ËB
B bfe`tivb j`st` trcfchdb nbi j` r`chizcr ugc trica`g j` dipût`s` jicamûstikc jicam ûstikc j` Z ZJCD JCD `g cju cjuhtbs, htbs, pbr s`r ugc pbpu pbpuhcáëb hcáëb m`ahi m`ahia`mkicjc a`mkicjc qu qucmtb cmtb ï r`n`r`mkicis r`n`r`m kicis t`ûrikbs ` trctcg`mtbs. Kbmnbrg` Kbm nbrg` eã g`m g`mkibm kibmcjb, cjb, bs imstrug`m imstrug`mtbs tbs u tihizcjbs m`stc ttrica`g rica`g nbrcg c `mtr`vistc JI^C 6.? ` c @skchc j` Igpuhsivijcj` Fcrrctt. C JI^C 6.? é ugc `mtr`vistc fcs`cjc mbs kritéribs jicamûstikbs jb J[G-I^, j`s`mvbhvijc pcrc jicambstikcr ZJCD `g cjuhtbs, ` utihizc `x`gphbs j` kbgpbrtcg`mtb, `g cgfcs cs ncs`s jc vijc, imnæmkic ` cjuhtc, pcrc nckihitcr c v`rinikcáëb jc pr`s`mác bu cusåmki cu såmkic c jbs sim simtbgcs tbgcs (LBBI (LBBIE< E< NVCM NVCMKL@M KL@M,, 6?3?). Eã c @skchc j` Igpuhsivijcj` j` Fcrrctt Fcrrctt é uug g qu`stibmãrib qu`stibm ãrib j`siamcjb c cvchicr c p`rsbmchijcj` p`rsbm chijcj` ` b kbmstruktb kbg kbgpbrtcg pbrtcg`m `mtch tch jc igpuh igpuhsivijcj`. sivijcj`. Pt Ptihihizc izc jbis pcræg`trbs pcrc r`chizcr c cvchicáëb5 Kbmtrbh` imifitûrib ` Nchtc j` phcm`ecg`mtb phcm `ecg`mtb (GCHHBY-JIMIU `t ch., 6?3?). C pcrtir jbs r`suhtcjbs, nbrcg r`chizcjbs bs `mkcgimdcg`mtbs ï psikbt`rcpic, kbg `mnbqu` mc Z`bric Kbamitivc-Kbgpbrtcg`mtch (ZKK), ` ï psiquictric psiqu ictric pcr pcrcc cvchi cvchicáëb cáëb jc mm`k`ssijcj` `k`ssijcj` j` ttrctcg rctcg`m `mtb tb g`jikcg`m g`jikcg`mtbsb. tbsb. C ZKK cuxihic b pbrtcjbr j` ZJCD c r`jir`kibmcr suc ct`máëb, c r``struturcr r``strutu rcr sucs sucs kr`mács, k r`mács, gbjinikcjb g bjinikcjb b gbjb kbgb kbg b s` s`mt`, s`mt`, s` s` kbgpbrtc ` c j`s`mvbhv`r dcfihijcj`s sbkicis. @h`s cpr`mj`rëb, jurcmt` cs s`ssð`s j` t`rcpic, `strctéaics j` r`sbhuáëb j` prbfh`gcs, cutbgbmitbric, gcm`eb j` t`gpb, tékmikcs j` bracmizcáëb, kbmtrbh` jc rcivc ` car`ssivijcj`. (G@[SPIZC `t ch., 6??9, cpuj cpuj GBMZ@ G BMZ@IVB, IVB, 6?3:) 6?3:)
V`nbrácjb cimjc kbg b sue`itb c igpbrtæmkic jc cvchicáëb psiquiãtrikc, bfe`tivcmjb gimigizcr bs pr`kbmk`itbs kbg trctcg`mtb g`jikcg`mtbsb ` `skhcr`k`r qu`, j`p`mj`mjb jb kcsb, b ckbgpcmdcg`mtb psikbhûaikb cp`mcs mëb t`rã `n`itb. @skhcr`kijb qu` b psiquictrc tcgfég é b prbnissibmch imjikcjb pcrc cvchicr c pbssifihijcj` j` kbgpuhsëb s`xuch trczijc p`hb sue`itb `g ugc jcs `mtr`vist `m tr`vistcs. cs. _ãaimc
36 j` 31
_br nig, nbi kbhbkcjb qu` s`auir cs bri`mtcáð`s prbpbstcs, cj`rimjb cb trctcg`mtb psikbhûaikb, `g kbmeumtb kbg b ckbgpcmdcg`mtb psiquiãtrikb, irã r`suhtcr `g g`hdbr quchijcj` j` vijc, pbis irã ctucr jir`tcg`mt` mbs pbmtbs trczijbs kbgb prbfh`gcs, ncz`mjb kbg qu` cpr`mjc ` j`s`mvbhvc mbvbs kbgpbrtcg`mtbs ` tékmikcs. Nbi cimjc r`nbrácjb cb pcki`mt` qu` iambrcr cs bri`mtcáð`s trcrã kbms`quåmkics, mëb cp`mcs jc p`rgcmåmkic jbs pr`euçzbs, kbgb c pbssifih pbssi fihijcj` ijcj` j` cu cug`mtb g`mtb jbs g g`sgbs. `sgbs.
_ãaimc
3; j` 31
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CAB[ZIMI, ^`rc Hõkic Gircmjc Higc< [CMZB[, Q`mm`r Jcmi`h` ^`mæmkib jbs. Zrcmstbrmb j`scnicjbr j` bpbsiáëb ` sucs kbgbrfijcj`s5 ug j`scnib jc imnæm im næmki kicc ï cjbh`skå cjbh`skåmkic. mkic. _sikbhb aic. pt. n`v`r`irb , 6?34. CH^CV@MAC, Gcrkb Cmtúmib [ihvc< NHBV@[-G@MJBUC, Kcrg`m @.< ABMZIEB, Jcmi`h Nbskd`tti. @vbhuáëb jb J[G qucmtb cb kritérib kct`abrich j` jicamûstikb pcrc b jistõrfib jc p`rsbmchijcj` cmtissbkich. E. frcs. psiquictr., Vib j` Ecm Ecm`irb `irb ,
v. 04, m . :, p. 604-6>>,
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8dttp5//www.ski`hb.fr/ski`hb.pdp2skript7skiRcrtt`xt&pij7[??:16?406??9???:????1&hma7`m&mrg7isb=. CG@VIKCM _[YKDICZVIK C[[BKICZIBM `t ch. J[G J[G-0 -055 Gcmuch jicamû stikb ` `stctçstikb `stctçstikb j` trcmstbrm trcmstbrmbs bs g`mtcis . Crtg`j @jitbrc, 6?3:.
JC KB[ZC GBMZ@IVB, Fãrfcrc Kristimc. ZJCD5 _rbpbstc j` trctcg`mtb khçmikb pcrc kricmács ` cjbh`sk`mt`s ctrcvés jc t`rcpic kbamitivbkbgpbrtcg`mtch. [cõj` ` J`s`mvbhvig`mtb Dugcmb , v. 6, m. 3, p. 3?3-3?4, 6?3:. LBBIE, E. E. [.< NVCMKL@M, G. D. JI^C 6.?. Jicambstik Imt`rvi`w ^bbr CJDJ CJD J im Cj Cju u hts ht s f ie vb hw css `m `m`m `m \JI^C \J I^C 6 ? Jica m b st stik ik Imt Imt`rv `rvi`w i`w CJD CJDJ J iim m Cju Cj u hthtsW sW.. JI^C Nb Nbum um j cti ctib b m (dtt (dttp p 5//w 5//ww ww. j jiv ivck`m ck`m t`r t`r.. `u `u/JI^C. /JI^C. csp x) , 6?3?.
HCVVBKC, H. G.< JBGIMAB[, M. G. ZJCD-Imv`stiacáëb jbs kritéribs pcrc jicamûstikb jb suftipb pr`jbgimcmt`g`mt` j`sct`mtb. _sikbhbaic @skbhcr ` @jukckibmch, v. 3>, m. 3, p. 33;-36;, 6?36.
GCHHBY-JIMIU, H`cmjrb N`rmcmj`s `t ch. Zrcjuáëb ` cjcptcáëb kuhturch jc Fcrrctt
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_ãaimc
3: j` 31
[@JIYCGC, Kristim Kristimcc YM `t ch. Nckt Ncktbr br cmchysis bn td` Frczihicm v`rsibm bn P__[ igpuhsiv` f`dcvibr f`d cvibr skch`. Nrbmti`rs im psykdbhbay , v. 4, p. >66, 6?31. [BFVCH, Kctcrim` j` E`sus Fcrrbs. B ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs . 6?34. Z`s` j` Jbutbrcjb.. _PK Jbutbrcjb _PK-Vib. -Vib.
_ãaimc
30 j` 31
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR @jucrjc Guzy VAG5 31:93?4-4
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_ãaimc
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31 j` 31
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@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs (JI^ (JI^C) C)
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E.E.[. Lbbie, GJ, _dJ & G.D. Nrcmkl`m, G[k 6?3?, JI^C Nbumjctibm, Dbhcmjc
Kréjitbs
Imtrbjuáëb
C @mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs (JI^C) é ugc pufhikcáëb jc Numjcáëb JI^C, JI^ C, `g Dcic, Dbhcmjc. Zrcjuáð`s ` r`trbv`rsð`s pcrc b pbrtuauås j` _brtuach nbrcg
_crc ncz`r b jicamûstikb jb ZJCD mb cjuhtb, s`aumjb b J[G-I^, é m`k`ssãrib kbmnirgcr c pr`s`mác j` simtbgcs jb ZJCD tcmtb mc imnæmkic kbgb mc vijc cjuhtc.
n`itcs p`hb KCJIm ‛ K`mtrb j` Cpbib cb J`s`mvbhvig`mtb Imncmtih, Kcskcis, _brtuach. C trcjuáëb briaimch j` Dbhcmjås pcrc _brtuauås nbi r`chizcjc pbr ^``rh` Arbgg`m, c r`trbv`rsëb pcrc Dbhcmjås nbi r`chizcjc pbr Hut Kc`m`m. V`visð`s j` _rbn. Kcrhbs Nihip` (GJ, _dJ), KCJIm, Kcskcis, Z.I. Cmm`t Frbm (G[k), jr. E.E. [cmjrc Lbbie (GJ, _dJ) ` Gcriìhh` vcm Fuss`h (G[k), JI^C Nbumjctibm, 6?3:.
gbg`mtb jc pr`s`mt` cvchicáëb. Bs simtbgcs j`v`gcn`tcr `stcr bcssbkicjbs c jbis pr`euçzb khimikb bu psikbssbkich siaminikctivb ` j`v`g imjivçjub `g bu gcis kbmt`xtbs jc vijc jiãric3. Jcjb b nctb j` b ZJCD `g cjuhtbs s`r ug trcmstbrmb krúmikb kbg imçkib mc imnæmkic, é m`k`ssãrib jicambstikcr bs simtbgcs, c `vbhuáëb jbs g`sgbs ` b mçv`h jbs pr`euçzbs qu` `h`s kcuscrcg, ctrcvés j`, `mtr` butrbs, ugc `mtr`vistc r`trbsp`ktivc sbfr` bs kbgpbrtcg`mtbs mc imnæmkic. [` pbssçv`h, c imnbrgcáëb jb pcki`mt` j`v` s`r kbgph`g`mtcjc p`hc imnbrgcáëb j` p`ssbcs qu` b kbmd`k`rcg qucmjb kricmác (a`rchg`mt` bs pcis bu ncgihicr`s prûxigbs)6 .
[ëb kbmjiáð`s m`k`ssãrics pcrc b jicamûstikb qu` bs simtbgcs j` ZJCD t`mdcg tijb imçkib mc imnæmkic ` qu` t`mdcg p`rsistijb cb hbmab jc vijc cté b
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs (JI^C) C @mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs (JI^C) é fcs`cjc mbs
kritéribs jc J[G-I^ ` é c prig`irc `mtr`vistc `struturcjc, j`s`mvbhvijc `g Dbhcmjås, pcrc jicambstikcr ZJCD `g cjuhtbs. C JI^C JI^C nbi j`s`mvbhvijc pbr
C cjcptcáëb pcrc b _brtuauås jb Frcsih nbi n`itc pbr Jrc. Cmmy Lcrimmc _. _. G. G`m`z`s (GJ), _sikûhbac Gcric Æma`hc Abffb ` _rbn. Jr. Gãrib Vbjriau`s Hbuzë (GJ, _dJ), jb _rbarcgc j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb ` Dip`rctivijcj` mb Cjuhtb (_rbjctd) jb Imstitutb j` _siquictric jb Dbspitch jcs Khçmikcs jc Nckuhjcj` j` G`jikimc jc Pmiv`rsijcj` j` [ëb _cuhb, [ëb _cuhb, Frcsih
E.E.[. Lbbie ` G.D.Nrcmkl`m, s`mjb `stc c suk`ssbrc jc `mtr`vistc s`gi`struturcjc j` jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g cjuhtbs 6,;. _crc nckihitcr c p`squisc jc pr`s`mác bu cusåmkic j` kcjc ug jbs 34 simtbgcs j` ZJCD, tcmtb mc imnæmkic kbgb mb cjuhtb, sëb s`gpr` utihizcjbs `x`gphbs kbmkr`tbs ` r`chistcs jb kbgpbrtcg`mtb `g cgfcs cs ncs`s jc vijc. Bs `x`gphbs fcs`icg-s` `g j`skriáð`s dcfitucis jbs kbgpbrtcg`mtbs j` pcki`mt`s cjuhtbs kbg ZJCD, r`kbhdijcs p`hc `quip` j` ZJCD `g cjuhtbs _syS j` Dcic, Dbhcmjc. [ëb utihizcjbs `x`gphbs kbmkr`tbs j` pr`euçzbs prbvbkcjbs p`hbs simtbgcs `g kimkb kbmt`xtbs jc vijc qubtijicmc5 ãr`c prbnissibmch ` ckcjågikc, r`hckibmcg`mtbs ` vijc ncgihicr, imt`rcáëb sbkich, t`gpb hivr` ` dbffi`s, ` cutbkbmnicmác ` cutbigca`g.
@stc pufhikcáëb nbi r`chizcjc kbg tbjb b kuijcjb, gcs kbg b pcsscr jb t`gpb pcrt`s jc pufhikcáëb pbj`g gujcr. _br `stc rczëb, mëb pbj`rëb s`r igputcjbs jir`itbs ï g`sgc. _crc gcis imnbrgcáð`s ` nuturcs ctuchizcáð`s jc JI^ JI^C C ck`ss`
pcki`mt` (cmcgm`s` sufe`tivc) ` j` t`rk`irbs (cmcgm`s` bfe`tivc) s`ecg v`rinikcjcs siguhtcm`cg`mt`. B t`gpb m`k`ssãrib pcrc cphikcr c `mtr`vistc é j` k`rkc j` ugc dbrc ` g`ic.
www.jivck`mt`r.`u.
V`igpr`ssëb kbg cutbrizcáëb j`5 J[G-I^-ZV Gcmuch j` Jicamûstikb ` @stctçstikc jcs Zrcmstbrmbs G`mtcis - Sucrtc @jiáëb, Z`xtb Z`xtb V`vistb (6???) Cg`rikcm _sykdictrik Cssbkictibm (C_C).
6
[`gpr` qu` pbssçv`h, c JI^C j`v` s`r cphikcjc cbs pcki`mt`s cjuhtbs mc pr`s`mác jb pcrk`irb(c) `/bu j` ncgihicr`s, pcrc p`rgitir qu` imnbrgcáð`s jb
C JI^C JI^C imv`stiac cp`mcs bs simtbgcs-kdcv` jb ZJCD, m`k`ssãribs pcrc b jicamûstikb s`aumjb c J[G-I^, ` mëb butrbs simtbgcs, sçmjrbg`s bu trcmstbrmbs g`mtcis kbgûrfijbs. Mb `mtcmtb, kbgbrfijcj`s sëb nr`qu`mt`s, tcmtb mcs kricmács kbgb mbs cjuhtbs, `g k`rkc j` 10% jbs kcsbs. É igpbrtcmt`, pbr issb, r`chizcr tcgfég ugc cvchicáëb psiquiãtrikc, pcrc imv`stiacr c pbssçv`h bkbrråmkic jbs simtbgcs, simjrbg`s ` trcmstbrmbs kbgûrfijbs gcis nr`qu`mt`s. Bs trcmstbrmbs kbgûrfijbs jb ZJCD gcis nr`qu`mt`s sëb bs Zrcmstbrmbs j` Cmsi`jcj`, J`pr`ssivbs, Zrcmstbrmbs Fipbhcr`s, Cfusb j` [ufstæmkics, Zrcmstbrmbs jb [bmb ` Zrcmstbrmbs jc _`rsbmchijcj`. Zbjbs `st`s Zrcmstbrmbs j`v`g s`r imv`stiacjbs. @st` prbk`jig`mtb é imjisp`msãv`h pcrc kbgpr``mj`r tbjc c vcri`jcj` j` simtbgcs qu` ugc p`ssbc kbg ZJCD pbj` cpr`s`mtcr, cssig kbgb pcrc b jicamûstikb jin`r`mkich jb ZJCD mc ijcj` cjuhtc ` pcrc c `xkhusëb j` butrbs trcmstbrmbs g`mtcis kbgb pbssçv`h kcusc prigãric jbs ‘simtbgcs jb ZJCD‗ mbs cjuhtbs 6. JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
Imstruáð`s pcrc c cphikcáëb jc JI^C C JI^C JI^C é kbgpbstc pbr trås pcrt`s, s`mjb kcjc ugc jiriaijc pcrc cgfcs, c imnæmkic ` c ijcj` cjuhtc5 Kritéribs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb (C3) Kritéribs j` Dip`rctivijcj`/Igpuhsivijcj` (C6) Ijcj` j` Imçkib ` pr`euçzbs prbvbkcjbs p`hbs simtbgcs jb ZJCD.
Cs imnbrgcáð`s jb(c) pcrk`irb(c) ` jc ncgçhic s`rv`g primkipchg`mt` kbgb kbgph`g`mtb jc imnbrgcáëb jcjc p`hb pcki`mt`, pcrc s` kbms`auir ugc kbgpr``msëb gcis `xctc jb kbgpbrtcg`mtb ctuch ` mc imnæmkic. Cs imnbrgcáð`s jbs g`gfrbs jc ncgçhic sëb primkipchg`mt` õt`is pcrc b kbgpbrtcg`mtb jurcmt` c imnæmkic. Guitbs
Kbg`k` p`hb prig`irb kbmeumtb j` kritéribs jc J[G-I^, pcrc b Jénikit j` Ct`máëb (C3), s`auimjb-s` b s`aumjb kbmeumtb j` kritéribs, pcrc Dip`rctivijcj`/ Igpuhsivijcj` (C6). _`raumt` suk`ssivcg`mt` tbjbs bs 34 simtbgcs. _crc kcjc it`g prbk`jc jc s`auimt` nbrgc5
pcki`mt`s tåg jinikuhjcj` j` h`gfrcr Guitcs jb s`u p`ssbcs prûprib tåg kbgpbrtcg`mtb, r`trbsp`ktivcg`mt`. ugc fbc g`gûric jb p`rçbjb `mtr` bs 3? ` bs 36 cmbs, gcs tåg jinikuhjcj` `g r`kbrjcr b p`rçbjb imikich jc `skbhc numjcg`mtch.
m m m
_`raumt` `g prig`irb huacr sbfr` c pr`s`mác j` simtbgcs mc ijcj` cjuhtc (simtbgcs pr`s`mt`s mbs õhtigbs > g`s`s bu gcis) ` `g s`auijc sbfr` c pr`s`mác jb g`sgb simtbgc mc imnæmkic (simtbgcs pr`s`mt`s mb p`rçbjb `mtr` bs 0 ` bs 36 cmbs):->. H`ic `g vbz chtc ` pbr kbgph`tb kcjc qu`stëb, p`raumt` c s`auir cb pcki`mt` s` `st` r`kbmd`k` t`r `ss` simtbgc ` p`ác pcrc jcr ug `x`gphb. Bs imjikcrëb v`z`s ug s`r jbscssimchcjb `x`gphbs qu`pcki`mt`s kbmstcg mc histc jcguitcs JI^C, qu` pbj` kbg ug vistb. [` b pcki`mt` mëb r`kbmd`k`r b simtbgc, bu s` vbkå mëb t`g k`rt`zc s` b `x`gphb p`rt`mk` cb simtbgc qu` `stã `xcgimcmjb, utihiz` ` h`ic `mtëb bs `x`gphbs jc histc ug c ug. B kbgpbrtcg`mtb-prbfh`gc bu simtbgc é kbmsij`rcjb pr`s`mt` qucmjb bkbrr`r kbg gcis nr`quåmkic bu gcibr imt`msijcj` m`ssc p`ssbc jb qu` mug arupb s`g`hdcmt` `g ijcj` ` S.I., bu qucmjb é khcrcg`mt` cssbkicjb c pr`euçzbs. Cssimch` kbg ug vistb tbjbs bs `x`gphbs qu` b pcki`mt` j`skr`v`r bu r`kbmd`k`r. [` nbr`g jcjbs butrbs `x`gphbs cphikãv`is cb kritérib, cmbt`-bs mc s`áëb ‘butrbs‗. _crc kbmsij`rcr ug simtbgc kbgb pr`s`mt` mëb é m`k`ssãrib qu` b pcki`mt` r`kbmd`ác tbjbs bs `x`gphbs, trctc-s` cp`mcs j` b imv`stiacjbr p`rk`f`r khcrcg`mt` c pr`s`mác bu cusåmkic j` kcjc simtbgc. _`raumt`, pcrc kcjc simtbgc, s` b(c) pcrk`irb(c) ` b ncgihicr `stëb j` ckbrjb ` s` kbms`au`g imjikcr butrbs `x`gphbs r`hckibmcjbs kbg kcjc ug jbs simtbgcs. B(C) pcrk`irb(c) imnbrgcrã `g a`rch sbfr` bs simtbgcs mc ijcj` cjuhtc ` c ncgçhic (a`rchg`mt` bs pcis bu ug g`gfrb gcis v`hdb jc ncgçhic) sbfr` c imnæmkic. B imv`stiacjbr utihizc c suc bpimiëb khçmikc pcrc kd`acr c ugc kbmkhusëb sbfr` c r`h`væmkic j` kcjc r`spbstc. Mb kcsb j` r`spbstcs kbmtrcjitûrics, c r`arc a`rch é c j` kbmsij`rcr b pcki`mt` kbgb s`mjb b g`hdbr imnbrgcmt`1
_crc kcjc simtbgc, b `mtr`vistcjbr j`v` j`kijir s` `st` `stã pr`s`mt` bu cus`mt` `g cgfbs bs `stãaibs jc vijc, kbmsij`rcmjb cs imnbrgcáð`s j` tbjcs cs p`ssbcs `mvbhvijcs. Mb kcsb j` mëb s`r pbssçv`h c cmcgm`s` fcs`cjc mcs imnbrgcáð`s jcjcs pbr ncgihicr`s bu t`rk`irbs, b jicamûstikb é fcs`cjb mc cmcgm`s` jb pcki`mt`. Kcsb `xistcg r`hctûribs `skbhcr`s, `st`s pbj`g jcr ugc ij`ic sbfr` c `xiståmkic j` simtbgcs qu` t`mdcg sijb `vij`mkicjbs mb utihizcjbs j`kbrr`r jcs jurcmt` cb c imnæmkic ` pbj`g s`r pcrccuhcs jcr supbrt` jicamûstikb. Bs simtbgcs sëb kbmsij`rcjbs khimikcg`mt` siaminikctivbs qucmjb s` gcmin`stcrcg kbg gcis nr`quåmkic `/bu kbg gcibr imt`msijcj` m`ssc p`ssbc jb qu` mcs p`ssbcs jc g`sgc ijcj`, bu qucmjb nbrcg pr`eujikicis cb imjivçjub.
Ijcj` j` imçkib jbs simtbgcs ` pr`euçzb C t`rk`irc pcrt`, r`n`r`mt` ï Ijcj` j` Imçkib ` _r`euçzbs cssbkicjbs cbs simtbgcs j` ZJCD , é ug kbgpbm`mt` `ss`mkich jbs kritéribs j` jicamûstikb. ^`riniqu` s` b pcki`mt` s`gpr` cpr`s`mtbu bs simtbgcs `, mb kcsb j` c r`spbstc s`r cnirgctivc, s` chaums jbs simtbgcs eã s` gcmin`stcvcg cmt`s jbs s`t` cmbs j` ijcj`. [` bs simtbgcs s` gcmin`stcrcg p`hc prig`irc v`z gcis tcrj`, imjiqu` `g qu` ijcj`. @g s`auijc h`ic s`gpr` bs `x`gphbs pcrc cs jin`r`mt`s situcáð`s ïs qucis bs simtbgcs `stëb cssbkicjbs c pr`euçzbs, prig`irb mc ijcj` cjuhtc `, `g s`auijc, mc imnæmkic. Cssimch` kbg ug vistb bs `x`gphbs qu` nbrcg r`kbmd`kijbs p`hb pcki`mt` ` imjiqu` s` b tbtch j` situcáð`s `g qu` b pr`euçzb s` gcmin`stc é iauch bu sup`ribr c jbis, tcmtb mc imnæmkic kbgb mc ijcj` cjuhtc. _crc vchijcr b jicamûstikb é m`k`ssãrib `xistir pr`euçzb `g p`hb g`mbs jbis jbs kbmt`xtbs j` vijc5 vijc prbnissibmch/ ckcjågikc, r`hckibmcg`mtbs/vijc ncgihicr, imt`rcáëb sbkich, t`gpb hivr`/dbffi`s, cutbkbmnicmác/cutb-igca`g ` b pr`euçzb s`r, p`hb g`mbs, gbj`rcjb.
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
;
V`sugb j` [imtbgcs ` Nbhdc j` _bmtucáëb Imjiqu` mb V`sugb j` simtbgcs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb (C) ` j` Dip`rctivijcj`/Igpuhsivijcj` (D/I) qucis jbs 34 simtbgcs nbrcg bfs`rvcjbs `g cgfcs cs ncs`s jc vijc ` sbg` b tbtch jbs simtbgcs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb ` j` Dip`rctivijcj`/Igpuhsivijcj` s`pcrcjcg`mt`. _br nig, cssimch` mc Nbhdc j` Cvchicáëb s` b tbtch j` kritéribs `g kcjc ug jbs jbgçmibs, Jénikit j` Ct`máëb (C) ` Dip`rctivijcj`/Igpuhsivijcj` (D/I), é iauch bu sup`ribr c s`is. Imjiqu` pcrc kcjc ug jbs jbgçmibs s` dã `vijåmkic j` ug j`s`mvbhvig`mtb krúmikb jbs simtbgcs, s` bs simtbgcs sëb ckbgpcmdcjbs j` pr`euçzbs, s` bs pr`euçzbs bkbrr`g `g p`hb g`mbs jbis kbmt`xtbs jc vijc jiãric ` s` mëb pbj`g s`r ctrifuçjbs c butrb trcmstbrmb g`mtch. Imjiqu` `g qu` g`jijc b jicamûstikb é vchijcjb p`hcs imnbrgcáð`s bftijcs kbg ncgihicr`s bu t`rk`irbs ` pbssçv`is r`hctûribs `skbhcr`s. Kbmkhuc pbr nig s` b jicamûstikb j` ZJCD é vãhijb ` c quch suftipb p`rt`mk` b pcki`mt` (imkhuimjb b kûjiab jb J[G-I^).
Fifhibarcnic
Ctrcvés j`stc `mtr`vistc sëb imv`stiacjbs bs simtbgcs j` ZJCD cpr`s`mtcjbs pbr vbkå, tcmtb mb j`kbrr`r jc
3. Cg`rikcm _sykdictrik Cssbkictibm (C_C)5 (C_C)5 J[G-I^-ZV Gcmuch j` Jicamûstikb ` @stctçstikc jcs Zrcmstbrmbs G`mtcis - Sucrtc @jiáëb, Z`xtb V`vistb, Khig`psi @jitbr`s, Hisfbc, 6??6. 6. Jicambstik Imt`rvi`w nbr CJDJ im Cjuhts 6.? (JI^C 6.?), im5 Lbbie EE[. Cjuht CJDJ. Jicambstik css`ssg`mt cmj tr`ctg`mt. [prima`r, 6?36. ;. Lbbie EE[, Nrcmkl`m GD5 @mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs (JI^C). Ck`ssçv`h `g www.l`mmisk`mtrugcjdjfievbhwcss`m`m.mh , 6??1 ` pufhikcjb `g Imahås mc r`n`råmkic 6. :. Cpph`act` F, Hcd`y FF, Dcrt Dcrt @H, Fi`j`rgcm Fi`j`rgcm E, Dymj AQ, Fcrlh`y VC, Bhh`mjikl Z, Nrikl _E, Ar``mdihh H, GkFurm`tt L, M`wkbrm ED, L`rjyl H, Acrniml`h F, Qchjgcm I, [dcnn`r J5 ^chijity bn td` ca`-bn-bms`t krit`ribm nbr CJDJ5 c r`pbrt nrbg td` J[G-I^ ni`hj trichs. E Cg Ckcj Kdihj Cjbh`sk _sykdictry 3991< ;>(9)53633-63.
imnæmkic kbgbbnikicis mc ijcj` cjuhtc.s`aumjb Cs p`raumtcs fcs`icg-s` mbs kritéribs jb ZJCD b J[G-I^. _crc kcjc kritérib vbu p`raumtcr s` vbkå r`kbmd`k` t`r `ss` prbfh`gc. _crc ceujã-hb jurcmt` c `mtr`vistc jcr`i chaums `x`gphbs qu` ihustrcg c nbrgc kbgb cs kricmács ` bs cjuhtbs pbj`g s`mtir cs jinikuhjcj`s prbvbkcjcs pbr kcjc ug jbs simtbgcs jb ZJCD. @g prig`irb huacr cs p`raumtcs sëb jiriaijcs c vbkå `, `g s`auijc, cb s`u(suc) kbgpcmd`irb(c) ` ncgihicr`s. B s`u kbgpcmd`irb(c) kbmd`k`-c(b) prbvcv`hg`mt` sû j`sj` c ijcj` cjuhtc ` s`rã p`jijb c `h`(c) qu` mbs imnbrg` sbfr` `st` p`rçbjb< bs s`us ncgihicr`s prbvcv`hg`mt` tåg ugc g`hdbr g`gûric jc suc imnæmkic. Cgfcs cs ncs`s jc vijc j`v`g s`r imv`stiacjcs pcrc qu` s` pbssc ncz`r b jicamûstikb j`
0. Fcrlh`y Fi`j`rgcm E5 Zbwcrj Zbwcrj c frbcj`r j`nimitibmVC, bn td` ca`-bn-bms`t krit`ribm nbr ctt`mtibm-j`nikit dyp`rcktivity jisbrj`r. E Cg Ckcj Kdihj Cjbh`sk _sykdictry 3991< ;>(9)536?:-3?. >. Ncrcbm` [^, [^, Fi`j`rgcm E, [p`mk`r Z, Z, Gikl @, Gurrcy L, _`tty K, Cjcgsbm EE, Gbmut`cux GK5 Jicambsima cjuht ctt`mtibm j`nikit dyp`rcktivity jisbrj`r5 cr` hct` bms`t cmj suftdr`sdbhj jicambs`s vchij2 Cg E _sykdictry 6??>< 3>;(3?)5316?-9. 1. Lbbie EE[, Fbbmstrc CG, Qihh`gs`m-[wiml`hs [DM, F`ll`r @G, Mbbrj Ij, Fuit`hccr EH5 V`hicfihity, vchijity, vchijity, cmj utihity bn imstrug`mts nbr
@xphikcáëb prévic c s`r jcjc cb pcki`mt`
ZJCD.
s`hn-r`pbrt cmj imnbrgcmt r`pbrt r`acrjima sygptbgs bn Ctt`mtibm-J`nikit/Dyp`rcktivity Jisbrj`r (CJDJ) im cjuht pcti`mts. E Ctt`m Jisbrj`rs 6??4< 33(:)5::0-:04. V`igpr`ssëb kbg cutbrizcáëb j`5 J[G-I^-ZV Gcmuch j` Jicamûstikb ` @stctçstikc jbs Zrcmstbrmbs G`mtcis - Sucrtc @jiáëb, Z`xtb V`vistb (6???) Cg`rikcm _sykdictrik Cssbkictibm (C_C).
:
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
Mbg` jb _cki`mt`5
E.N.
Jctc j` Mcskig`mtb5
;?/?4/394? ❓G / ❓N
[`xb5 Jctc jc @mtr`vistc5
69/?9
Mbg` jb `mtr`vistcjbr5
H`tçkic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s
Mõg`rb jb pcki`mt`5
_crt` 35 [imtbgcs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb (J[G-I^ kritérib C3) Imstruáð`s5 bs simtbgcs mc ijcj` cjuhtc j`v`g `stcr pr`s`mt`s dã p`hb g`mbs s`is g`s`s. Bs simtbgcs mc imnæmkic Imstruáð`s5 bs r`n`r`g-s` ï ijcj` `mtr` bs 0 ` bs 36 cmbs. _crc ug simtbgc s`r ctrifuçjb cb ZJCD, `st` t`g qu` t`r ug kursb krúmikb ` mëb `pisûjikb.
C3
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic mëb pr`stc ct`máëb suniki`mt` cbs j`tchd`s bu kbg`t` `rrbs pbr jistrcáëb, mb trcfchdb bu `g butrcs ctivijcj`s2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` suc imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Kbg`t` Kbg`t` `rrbs pbr jistrcáëb ❓Z`g qu` trcfchdcr j`vcacr pcrc `vitcr `rrbs ❓Mëb Mëb hå cs imstruáð`s kbg ct`máëb ❓Mëb Mëb é fbg `g trcfchdbs j`tchdcjbs ❓_r`kisc _r`kisc j` guitb t`gpb pcrc bs j`tchd`s ❓_`rj`-s` _`rj`-s` mbs j`tchd`s ❓Zrcfchdc Zrcfchdc guitb rãpijb `, pbr issb, kbg`t`r `rrbs ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
❓Kbg`tic Kbg`tic `rrbs pbr jistrcáëb mbs trcfchdbs `skbhcr`s Kbg`tic `rrbs j`vijb c ugc h`iturc `rrcjc jcs ❓Kbg`tic
p`raumtcs ❓J`ixcvc J`ixcvc p`raumtcs s`g r`spbmj`r, pbr mëb tå-hcs hijb kbrr`tcg`mt` ❓J`ixcvc J`ixcvc s`g r`spbmj`r cs p`raumtcs jb v`rsb jc pãaimc mcs prbvcs ❓Bs Bs butrbs kbg`mtcvcg sbfr` b s`u trcfchdb j`sh`ixcjb Mëb r`vic cs r`spbstcs jbs trcfchdbs n`itbs `g kcsc ❓Mëb ❓_r`kiscvc _r`kiscvc j` guitb t`gpb pcrc bs trcfchdbs
[ig,`rrbs kbrriqu`irbs mb trcf q ó j`v`ric ckbmt`k`r. Nckuhjcj` mcb ct`mácb
j`tchdcjbs Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
Nczic r`nbráb pbrqu` mëb pr`stcvc ct`máëb, `mtr` 4-9 cmbs [imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
0
C6
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic t`g jinikuhjcj` `g gcmt`r-s` kbmk`mtrcjb jurcmt` c r`chizcáëb j` tcr`ncs bu ctivijcj`s2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` suc imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Mëb Mëb kbms`au` gcmt`r c ct`máëb mcs tcr`ncs jurcmt`
❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` `g pr`stcr ct`máëb mbs trcfchdbs
guitb t`gpb* ❓Jistrci-s` Jistrci-s` nckihg`mt` kbg cs prûprics cssbkicáð`s/ p`mscg`mtbs ❓Z`g Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g v`r ug nihg` bu h`r ug hivrb cté b nig* ❓Nikc Nikc rcpijcg`mt` `mt`jicjb kbg bs cssumtbs* ❓Ncz Ncz p`raumtcs sbfr` cssumtbs qu` eã nbrcg jiskutijbs ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
`skbhcr`s ❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` `g gcmt`r-s` ct`mtb cbs ebabs* ❓Jistrcçc-s` Jistrcçc-s` nckihg`mt` ❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` `g kbmk`mtrcr-s`* _r`kiscvc j` ug cgfi`mt` guitb `struturcjb pcrc mëb ❓_r`kiscvc s` jistrcir ❓Nikcvc Nikcvc rcpijcg`mt` `mt`jicjb kbg bs cssumtbs* ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Géjib. Imikic ugc tcr`ncs ` pcrc prc ncz`r kbiscs ch`ctûrics.
[ig. [`gpr` nbi chumb g`jicmb mc `skbhc.
* C mëb s`r qu` b cssumtb s`ec kbmsij`rcjb guitb imt`r`sscmt` (`x. ebacr mb kbgputcjbr bu pcssct`gpbs)
* C mëb s`r qu` b cssumtb nbss` kbmsij`rcjb guitb imt`r`sscmt` (`x. ebacr mb kbgputcjbr bu pcssct`gpbs)
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2
C;
❓
[ig /
❓
Mëb
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2
❓
[ig /
❓
Mëb
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic pcr`k` mëb `stcr buvimjb, qucmjb chauég hd` jiria` c pchcvrc2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Jivcac Jivcac bu pcr`k` cus`mt` ❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` j` kbmk`mtrcr-s` mugc kbmv`rsc ❓Mëb Mëb scf` jb qu` s` nchbu j`pbis j` ugc kbmv`rsc Gujc nr`qu`mt`g`mt` b cssumtb j` ugc kbmv`rsc ❓Gujc
❓Mëb Mëb s` h`gfrcvc jb qu` bs pcis/prbn`ssbr`s jizicg ❓@stcvc @stcvc nr`qu`mt`g`mt` ‘sbmdcmjb‗ bu cus`mt` ❓Buvic Buvic cp`mcs qucmjb bhdcvcg mbs s`us bhdbs bu
Bs butrbs jiz`g qu` `stã kbg c kcf`ác `g butrb ❓Bs
Kbg nr`quåmkic pr`kiscvc s`r kdcgcjb gcis j` ugc ❓Kbg
huacr ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Mëb kbg guitc nr`qu`mkic
h`vcmtcvcg c vbz v`z ❓ Cs p`raumtcs pr`kiscvcg s`r r`p`tijcs Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
>
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
C:
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic mëb s`au` cs imstruáð`s bu mëb t`rgimc cs tcr`ncs bu bfriacáð`s mb trcfchdb2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Ncz Ncz vãrics kbiscs cb g`sgb t`gpb s`g t`rgimcr
❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` `g s`auir c s`quåmkic jcs tcr`ncs ❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` kbg `mumkicjbs qu` `mvbhv`ss`g
m`mdugc j`hcs ❓Z`g Z`g jinikuhjcj` pcrc nimchizcr cs tcr`ncs qucmjb eã mëb sëb gcis mbvijcj` ❓M`k`ssitc M`k`ssitc j` prczbs-higit` pcrc t`rgimcr cs tcr`ncs ❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g t`rgimcr tcr`ncs cjgimistrctivcs ❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g s`auir imstruáð`s j` ug gcmuch ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Chaugcs v`z`s, qucmjb bfriacjb
vãribs pcssbs ❓Mëb Mëb kbgph`tcvc cs tcr`ncs ❓Mëb Mëb ckcfcvc bu mëb `mtr`acvc bs trcfchdbs qu` h`vcvc pcrc kcsc ❓_r`kiscvc _r`kiscvc j` ug cgfi`mt` guitb `struturcjb pcrc nimchizcr cs tcr`ncs ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
_bukb g`mbs [imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
C0
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic t`g jinikuhjcj` pcrc bracmizcr tcr`ncs ` ctivijcj`s2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` pcrc phcm`ecr cs tcr`ncs jiãrics ❓ C kcsc `/bu hbkch j` trcfchdb nikcg j`scrrugcjbs ❓_hcm`ec _hcm`ec kbiscs j`gcis bu j` gbjb im`niki`mt` ❓Z`g nr`qu`mt`g`mt` jbis kbgprbgissbs ï g`sgc
❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` `g `stcr prbmtb mc dbrc ❓Sucrtb/g`sc Sucrtb/g`sc j` trcfchdb nikcvcg j`scrrugcjbs ❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` j` frimkcr sbzimdb ❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` j` phcm`ecr cs tcr`ncs bu b trcfchdb
dbrc ❓Kd`ac Kd`ac ctrcscjb Mëb utihizc c ca`mjc j` gcm`irc kbmsist`mt` ❓Mëb
j` kcsc ❓Nczic Nczic vãrics kbiscs cb g`sgb t`gpb Kd`acvc kbg nr`quåmkic ctrcscjb ❓Kd`acvc
❓É imnh`xçv`h, `stã ‘pr`sb‗ c `squ`gcs ❓Z`g pbukc mbáëb jb t`gpb ❓Ncz Ncz phcmbs ` mëb bs kbgph`tc/r`chizc _r`kisc j` butrcs p`ssbcs pcrc `struturcr cs prûprics ❓_r`kisc
Zimdc pbukc mbáëb jb t`gpb ❓Zimdc ❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` `g pr`stcr ct`máëb ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Zimdc jinikuhjcj` `g bracmizcr kbg bs `stujbs.
kbiscs ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
[ig. Gcmtég cp`mcs pbr 3-6 jics [imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
1
C>
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic `vitc, t`g cv`rsëb bu r`hutc `g `mvbhv`r-s` `g tcr`ncs qu` r`qu`ircg ug `snbráb g`mtch kbmtimucjb2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Ncz Ncz prig`irb b qu` é b gcis nãkih bu jiv`rtijb ❓ Cjic suk`ssivcg`mt` cs tcr`ncs `mt`jicmt`s bu ãrjucs ❓ Cjic cs tcr`ncs `, `g kbms`quåmkic, mëb kugprir
❓@vitcvc @vitcvc bu j`t`stcvc bs trcfchdbs j` kcsc ❓Hic Hic pbukbs hivrbs bu mëb abstcvc j` h`r pbr issb `xiair
prczbs ❓@vitc @vitc bs trcfchdbs gbmûtbmbs kbgb, pbr `x`gphb, bs j` mctur`zc cjgimistrctivc. ❓Mëb Mëb abstc j` h`r pbrqu` `xia` `snbráb g`mtch ❓@vitc @vitc kbiscs qu` `xia`g guitc kbmk`mtrcáëb ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
[ig. _rbe`tbs qu` mcb scb bfriactbribs.
`snbráb g`mtch ❓@vitcvc @vitcvc kbiscs qu` `xiaicg guitc kbmk`mtrcáëb ❓J`t`stcvc J`t`stcvc jiskiphimcs qu` `xiaicg guitc kbmk`mtrcáëb Cjicvc suk`ssivcg`mt` tcr`ncs `mt`jicmt`s bu ãrjucs ❓ ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
C1
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic p`rj` bfe`tbs m`k`ssãribs pcrc cs tcr`ncs bu ctivijcj`s2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓_`rj` _`rj` c kcrt`irc, cs kdcv`s bu c ca`mjc ❓J`ixc J`ixc nr`qu`mt`g`mt` kbiscs pcrc trãs ❓_`rj` _`rj` pcpéis jb trcfchdb ❓_`rj` _`rj` guitb t`gpb prbkurcmjb cs kbiscs ❓@mtrc @mtrc `g pæmikb qucmjb bs butrbs gujcg cs kbiscs
❓_`rjic _`rjic c ca`mjc, cs kcm`tcs, `quipcg`mtbs j`
j` huacr Crrugc kbiscs mb huacr `rrcjb ❓
aimãstikc bu butrcs kbiscs ❓_`rjic _`rjic rbupc, frimqu`jbs bu trcfchdbs j` kcsc ❓_`rjic _`rjic guitb t`gpb prbkurcmjb cs kbiscs ❓@mtrcvc @mtrcvc `g pæmikb qucmjb bs butrbs gujcvcg cs kbiscs j` huacr V`k`fic kbg`mtãribs jbs pcis/prbn`ssbr`s sbfr` b nctb ❓V`k`fic
_ ❓_`rj` ❓Butrbs5 B`rj` utrbs5histcs, mõg`rbs j` t`h`nbm`, cmbtcáð`s
❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
j` p`rj`r cs kbiscs
Mëb
[ig, p`rjic ` mëb `mkbmtrcvc gcis. Hcpis, kcm`tc, kcjcráb.
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
4
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
C4
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic s` jistrci nckihg`mt` kbg `stçguhbs `xt`rmbs2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g iambrcr `stçguhbs `xt`rmbs ❓J`pbis J`pbis j` s` jistrcir, t`g jinikuhjcj` `g vbhtcr cb
❓Jurcmt` Jurcmt` cs cuhcs bhdcvc guitcs v`z`s pcrc nbrc jc
cssumtb ❓Jistrci-s` Jistrci-s` nckihg`mt` kbg fcruhdbs bu kbg b qu` ckbmt`k` ï suc vbhtc @skutc cs kbmv`rscs jbs butrbs ❓@skutc ❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g nihtrcr/s`h`kibmcr imnbrgcáëb ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
ecm`hc ❓Jistrcçc-s` Jistrcçc-s` nckihg`mt` kbg fcruhdbs bu kbg b qu` ckbmt`kic ï suc vbhtc ❓J`pbis J`pbis j` s` jistrcir, timdc jinikuhjcj` `g vbhtcr cb cssumtb ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Mëb guitb [imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic s` `squ`k` jcs ctivijcj`s jb jic c jic2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
C9 @x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
@squ`k` jbs kbgprbgissbs/butrcs bfriacáð`s ❓@squ`k` ❓@squ`k` @squ`k` ca`mjc, kdcv`s, `tk ❓_r`kisc, _r`kisc, guitcs v`z`s, s`r h`gfrcjb j` kbgprbgissbs ❓_r`kisc _r`kisc vbhtcr ï kcsc pcrc fuskcr kbiscs `squ`kijcs ❓Ptihizc Ptihizc ug gétbjb/rbtimc pcrc mëb s` `squ`k`r jcs
@squ`kic j` kbgprbgissbs/gcrkcáð`s ❓@squ`kic ❓_r`kiscvc, _r`kiscvc, guitcs v`z`s, j` s`r h`gfrcjb jcs kbiscs ❓Jurcmt` Jurcmt` ugc tcr`nc `squ`kic jb qu` `rc pr`kisb ncz`r ❓@squ`kic @squ`kic j` h`vcr b gct`rich `skbhcr ❓@squ`kic @squ`kic kbiscs mc `skbhc bu mcs kcscs jbs cgiabs ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
kbiscs ❓@squ`k` @squ`k` j` gcrkcr bu j` kbmsuhtcr c ca`mjc Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
_rbkcstimcjbr
_rbkcstimcjbr
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
Kbgph`g`mtb kritérib C Ijcj` cjuhtc5 Cpr`s`mtc bs simtbgcs ckigc g`mkibmcjbs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb kbg gcibr imt`msijcj` bu kbg gcis nr`quåmkic jb qu` cs butrcs p`ssbcs2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb Imnæmkic5 Cpr`s`mtcvc bs simtbgcs ckigc g`mkibmcjbs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb kbg gcibr imt`msijcj` bu kbg gcis nr`quåmkic jb qu` cs butrcs kricmács jc suc ijcj`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
9
_crt` 65 [imtbgcs j` Dip`rctivijcj`/Igpuhsiv Dip`rctivijcj`/Igpuhsivijcj` ijcj` (J[G-I^ kritérib C6) Imstruáð`s5 bs simtbgcs mc ijcj` cjuhtc j`v`g `stcr pr`s`mt`s dã, p`hb g`mbs, s`is g`s`s. Bs simtbgcs mc imnæmkic r`n`r`g-s` ï ijcj` `mtr` bs 0 ` bs 36 cmbs. _crc ug simtbgc s`r ctrifuçjb cb ZJCD, `st` t`g qu` t`r ug kursb krúmikb ` mëb `pisûjikb.
D/I 3
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic g`x` j` nbrgc irr`qui`tc cs gëbs ` bs pés bu r`g`x`-s` mc kcj`irc qucmjb `stã s`mtcjb2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g nikcr qui`tb/c s`mtcjb/c ❓Fchcmác Fchcmác cs p`rmcs Fct` kbg c kcm`tc bu frimkc kbg quchqu`r kbisc ❓Fct` ❓Vbi Vbi cs umdcs bu g`x` mb kcf`hb ❓Kbms`au` Kbms`au` kbmtrbhcr c imqui`tcáëb gbtbrc, gcs issb ncz
❓Bs Bs pcis jizicg guitcs v`z`s pcrc s` s`mtcr qui`tb/c
kbg qu` niqu` cimjc gcis t`msb(c) Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
Mëb
bu chab pcr`kijb Fchcmácvc cs p`rmcs ❓Fchcmácvc ❓Fctic Fctic kbg c kcm`tc bu frimkcvc kbg quchqu`r kbisc ❓Vbçc Vbçc cs umdcs bu g`xic mb kcf`hb ❓Mëb Mëb kbms`auic nikcr s`mtcjb/c mbrgchg`mt` mugc kcj`irc ❓Kbms`auic Kbms`auic kbmtrbhcr c imqui`tcáëb gbtbrc gcs issb b(c) nczic nikcr cimjc gcis t`msb(c) ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Pg pbukb, kbgb tbjc kricmác. [imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
D/I 6
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic s` h`vcmtc jb huacr `g situcáð`s `g qu` é `sp`rcjb qu` p`rgcm`ác s`mtcjb2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓@vitc @vitc r`umið`s, kbmn`råmkics, iar`ec, `tk. pbr t`r j` nikcr
❓H`vcmtcvc-s` H`vcmtcvc-s` guitcs v`z`s jurcmt` cs r`n`iáð`s bu
s`mtcjb _r`n`r` cmjcr c pé jb qu` nikcr s`mtcjb ❓_r`n`r` ❓Mëb Mëb nikc pcrcjb pbr guitb t`gpb, `stã s`gpr` `g gbvig`mtb ❓Nikc Nikc t`msb pbr t`r jinikuhjcj` `g nikcr qui`tb s`mtcjb Imv`mtc j`skuhpcs pcrc pbj`r cmjcr ❓Imv`mtc ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
mcs cuhcs Zimdc guitc jinikuhjcj` `g nikcr s`mtcjb qui`tb mcs ❓Zimdc cuhcs bu jurcmt` cs r`n`iáð`s ❓@rc @rc kdcgcjb/c ï ct`máëb pcrc nikcr s`mtcjb/c ❓Imv`mtcvc Imv`mtcvc j`skuhpcs pcrc pbj`r cmjcr Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
Mëb guitb
Mëb [imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
3?
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
D/I ;
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic s` s`mt` irr`qui`tb2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓[`mt`-s` [`mt`-s` irr`qui`tb bu caitcjb pbr j`mtrb ❓Z`g c s`mscáëb j` pr`kiscr `stcr bkupcjb ❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g r`hcxcr ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
❓@stcvc @stcvc s`gpr` kbrr`mjb ❓[ufic [ufic mbs gûv`is bu schtcvc `g kigc jbs fcmkbs ❓[ufic [ufic mcs ãrvbr`s ❓[`mtic-s` [`mtic-s` caitcjb pbr j`mtrb
Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
Mëb guitb
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
D/I :
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic t`g jinikuhjcj` `g j`jikcr-s` trcmquihcg`mt` c ctivijcj`s j` hcz`r2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Nchc Nchc jurcmt` ctivijcj`s qucmjb istb é imcprbpricjb ❓@g @g põfhikb t`mj` c s`r crrbacmt` bu kdcgcr ct`máëb ❓É fcruhd`mtb `g vãrics situcáð`s ❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g ncz`r ctivijcj`s sbss`acjcg`mt` ❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g nchcr fcixb ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
❓@rc @rc fcruhd`mtb jurcmt` bs ebabs bu jurcmt` cs cuhcs ❓Mëb Mëb kbms`auic v`r t`h`visëb bu nihg`s
sbss`acjcg`mt` @rc r`pr``mjijb pcrc nikcr gcis qui`tb/sbss`acjb ❓@rc ❓@g @g põfhikb t`mjic c j`stckcr-s`/kdcgcr ct`máëb ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Frimkcvc guitb mc ruc, sufic `g ãrvbr`s ` abstcvc j` j`s`mdcr.
Mëb. Ncz s`gpr`, abstc j` r`hcxcr.
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2
JI^C 6.?
❓
[ig /
❓
Mëb
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2
❓
[ig /
❓
Mëb
33
D/I 0
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic ‘`stã c gih pbr dbrc‗ bu ca` kbgb s` `stiv`ss` ‘hiacjb c ug gbtbr‗2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓@stã @stã s`gpr` `g cáëb ❓Z`g guitc `m`raic, mumkc pcrc ❓^ci ^ci chég jbs prûpribs higit`s ❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g ‘j`ixcr cs kbiscs ckbmt`k`r`g‗,
❓@stcvc @stcvc s`gpr` bkupcjb ❓@rc @rc ctivb mc `skbhc bu `g kcsc j` gcm`irc imkbgug ❓Zimdc Zimdc `m`raic `g `xk`ssb ❓@stcvc @stcvc ‘s`gpr` c gih pbr dbrc‗, s`gpr` ncz`mjb chab
s`gpr` `stã ncz`mjb chab Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
Jbrgic tcrj`
Sucs` s`gpr`. [imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
D/I >
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic nchc `xk`ssivcg`mt`2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Nchc Nchc j` gcm`irc tëb caitcjc qu` bs butrbs b ckdcg
❓Zimdc Zimdc ncgc j` s`r tcacr`hc ❓Bs Bs prbn`ssbr`s ` bs pcis gcmjcvcg-mb
kcmsctivb ❓Z`g ncgc j` s`r guitb nchcjbr ❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g pcrcr j` nchcr ❓Z`g c t`mjåmkic j` nchcr `xk`ssivcg`mt` ❓Mëb Mëb j`ixc bs butrbs nchcr`g mugc kbmv`rsc ❓_r`kisc _r`kisc j` guitcs pchcvrcs pcrc jiz`r quchqu`r kbisc ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
[ig.
nr`qu`mt`g`mt` kchcr-s` ❓Mbs Mbs r`hctûribs jc `skbhc timdc kbg`mtãribs ck`rkc j` nchcr j`gcis ❓@rc @rc kcstiacjb pbr nchcr `g j`gcsic ❓Jistrcçc Jistrcçc bs butrbs kbg kbmv`rscs, qucmjb nczicg bs trcfchdbs `skbhcr`s ❓Mëb Mëb j`ixcvc bs butrbs nchcr`g jurcmt` cs kbmv`rscs Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
[ig. [`gpr` nchcmt`.
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
36
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
D/I 1
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic jã cs r`spbstcs cmt`s qu` cs p`raumtcs t`mdcg ckcfcjb2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Nchc Nchc igpuhsivcg`mt`, nchc s`g p`mscr ❓Jiz Jiz b qu` hd` v`g ï kcf`ác ❓V`spbmj` V`spbmj` s`g j`ixcr b butrb ckcfcr c nrcs` ❓Kbgph`tc Kbgph`tc cs nrcs`s jcs butrcs p`ssbcs
❓Nchcvc Nchcvc igpuhsivcg`mt`, nchcvc s`g p`mscr mb qu`
❓É imj`hikcjb, arbss`irb, s`g tctb Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
[ig.
jizic ❓Su`ric Su`ric s`r b prig`irb c r`spbmj`r ïs p`raumtcs mc `skbhc Jizic c prig`irc r`spbstc qu` hd` vimdc ï kcf`ác, ❓Jizic g`sgb qu` `stiv`ss` `rrcjc ❓Imt`rrbgpic Imt`rrbgpic bs butrbs cmt`s j` ckcfcr`g c nrcs` ❓@rc @rc kbmd`kijb pbr s`r imj`hikcjb, arbss`irb, s`g tctb ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
[ig, kbg g`mbr nr`quåmkic. [imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
D/I 4
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic t`g jinikuhjcj` `g `sp`rcr p`hc suc v`z2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Z`g Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g `sp`rcr mcs nihcs ` pcsscr ï nr`mt`
❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` `g `sp`rcr p`hc suc v`z mbs
jcs p`ssbcs ❓Z`g Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g gcmt`r c kchgc mb træmsitb ` `g `sp`rcr pcki`mt`g`mt` mcs nihcs j` træmsitb ❓Z`g Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g `sp`rcr pbr suc v`z mcs kbmv`rscs ❓É igpcki`mt` Imikic sufitcg`mt` r`hcáð`s `/bu `gpr`abs, bu bs ❓Imikic
`spbrt`s/ebabs/frimkcj`ircs ❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` `g `sp`rcr p`hc suc v`z mc turgc ❓Su`ric Su`ric s`r s`gpr` b prig`irb ❓N ikcvc igpcki`mt` kbg nckihijcj` ❓ Ctrcv`sscvc c ruc s`g bhdcr Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
j` r`p`mt`, pbr igpckiåmkic ❓j`ixc Butrbs5 Butrbs5
[ig, nr`qu`mt`g`mt`.
[ig, g`mbs nr`qu`mkic
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
3;
D/I 9
^bkå kbg nr`quåmkic imt`rrbgp` bu imt`rn`r` mcs ctivijcj`s jbs butrbs2 Kbgb `rc jurcmt` c imnæmkic2
@x`gphbs mc ijcj` cjuhtc
@x`gphbs mc imnæmkic
❓Imtrbg`t`-s` Imtrbg`t`-s` nckihg`mt` mbs cssumtbs jbs butrbs ❓Imt`rrbgp` Imt`rrbgp` bs butrbs ❓Imt`rrbgp` Imt`rrbgp` cs p`ssbcs mcs sucs ctivijcj`s s`g p`jir
❓Imtrbg`tic-s` Imtrbg`tic-s` mbs ebabs jbs butrbs ❓Imt`rrbgpic Imt`rrbgpic cs kbmv`rscs jbs butrbs ❓V`caic V`caic c tujb ❓Mëb Mëb `rc kcpcz j` `sp`rcr
hik`mác Bs butrbs kbg`mtcg sbfr` s`r imtrbg`tijb ❓Bs ❓Z`g jinikuhjcj` `g r`sp`itcr bs higit`s jbs butrbs ❓Z`g ugc bpimiëb sbfr` tujb ` c `xpr`ssc ig`jictcg`mt` ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
G`mbs nr`qu`mt`.
Zrcfchdb ` mc vijc sbkich. [imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
[imtbgc pr`s`mt`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
Kbgph`g`mtb kritérib C Ijcj` cjuhtc5 Cpr`s`mtc bs simtbgcs ckigc g`mkibmcjbs j` Dip`rctivijcj`/Igpuhsivijcj` kbg gcibr imt`msijcj` bu kbg gcis nr`quåmkic jb qu` cs butrcs p`ssbcs2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
Imnæmkic5 Cpr`s`mtcvc bs simtbgcs ckigc g`mkibmcjbs j` Dip`rctivijcj`/Igpuhsivijcj` kbg gcibr imt`msijcj` bu kbg gcibr nr`quåmkic jb qu` cs butrcs kricmács jc suc ijcj`2 ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
_crt` ;5 _r`euçzbs j`vijb cbs simtbgcs (J[G-I^ kritéribs F, K ` J)
Kritérib F [`gpr` cpr`s`mtbu bs simtbgcs ckigc g`mkibmcjbs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb `/bu Dip`rctivijcj`/igpuhsivijcj`2 ❓ [ig (chaums simtbgcs eã `stcvcg pr`s`mt` cmt`s jbs s`t` cmbs j` ijcj`) ❓ Mëb
[` r`spbmj`u mëb, b imçkib jbs simtbgcs nbi c pcrtir jbs
3:
cmbs j` ijcj`.
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
Kritérib K @g qu` kbmt`xtbs j` vijc bs simtbgcs ckigc g`mkibmcjbs sëb, bu nbrcg, kcuscjbr`s j` jisnumáëb2
Ijcj` cjuhtc
Imnæmkic
^ijc prbnissibmch/ckcjågikc ❓ C(s) nbrgcáëb(áð`s) m`k`ssãric(s) pcrc b trcfchdb mëb nbi(nbrcg) kbmkhuçjc(s) ❓Z`g `gpr`ab cfcixb jb arcu j` nbrgcáëb Nikc ncrtb nckihg`mt` mug pbstb j` trcfchdb ❓Nikc ❓_cjrëb _cjrëb j` vãribs `gpr`abs t`gpbrãribs ❓Jinikuhjcj` Jinikuhjcj` `g r`chizcr tcr`ncs cjgimistrctivcs/phcm`ecr ❓Mëb Mëb kbms`au` s`r prbgbvijb V`mj` cfcixb jc suc kcpckijcj` mb trcfchdb ❓V`mj` ❓[ci [ci jb `gpr`ab/é j`sp`jijb pbr kcusc j` ugc jiskussëb @mkbmtrc-s` `g cncstcg`mtb géjikb (prbhbmacjb) ❓@mkbmtrc-s` j`vijb ïs imkcpckijcj`s prbvbkcjcs p`hbs simtbgcs ❓_r`euizb _r`euizb higitcjb pbr kbms`auir kbgp`mscr kbg ug SI `h`vcjb _r`euizb higitcjb pbr kbms`auir kbgp`mscr kbg cpbib ❓_r`euizb j` `struturc `xt`rmc Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
^ijc ckcjågikc ❓Arcu Arcu gcis fcixb j` nbrgcáëb jb qu` b SI ncric `sp`rcr V`p`tiáð`s j` cmb j`vijb c prbfh`gcs j` ❓V`p`tiáð`s kbmk`mtrcáëb ❓Nbrgcáëb Nbrgcáëb mëb kbmkhuçjc/j`sistiu jc `skbhc ❓_r`kisbu _r`kisbu j` guitb gcis t`gpb jb qu` b mbrgch pcrc t`rgimcr c nbrgcáëb `skbhcr Kbms`auiu ugc nbrgcáëb kbgpctçv`h kbg b SI kbg ❓Kbms`auiu guitc jinikuhjcj` ❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` `g ncz`r bs trcfchdbs j` kcsc Nr`qu`mtbu b `msimb `sp`kich j`vijb cbs simtbgcs ❓Nr`qu`mtbu ❓V`k`fic V`k`fic kbg`mtãribs jbs prbn`ssbr`s sbfr` kbgpbrtcg`mtb/kbmk`mtrcáëb ❓_r`euizb _r`euizb higitcjb pbr kbms`auir kbgp`mscr kbg ug SI `h`vcjb ❓_r`euizb _r`euizb higitcjb pbr kbms`auir kbgp`mscr kbg cpbib j` `struturc `xt`rmc ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
V`mjig`mtb s`mt` qu` pbj` s`r g`hdbr ` mëb kbms`au`.
Nikbu 6 cmbs mc `skbhc pcrtikuhcr ` r`prbvbu cgfbs. Nchtcvc guitb
V`hckibmcg`mtbs `/bu vijc ncgihicr ❓Nikc Nikc nckihg`mt` cfbrr`kijb mbs r`hckibmcg`mtbs ❓Igpuhsivcg`mt` Igpuhsivcg`mt` kbg`ác/rbgp` r`hckibmcg`mtbs ❓V`hckibmcg`mtbs V`hckibmcg`mtbs j`s`quihifrcjbs j`vijb cbs simtbgcs ❓_rbfh`gcs _rbfh`gcs j` r`hckibmcg`mtb, vãrics jiskussð`s, nchtc j` imtigijcj` ❓Jivbrkicjb Jivbrkicjb j`vijb cbs simtbgcs ❓_rbfh`gcs _rbfh`gcs kbg c s`xuchijcj` j`vijb cbs simtbgcs ❓Jinikuhjcj` Jinikuhjcj` mc `jukcáëb jbs nihdbs, r`suhtcmt` jbs simtbgcs ❓Jinikuhjcj` Jinikuhjcj` mcs tcr`ncs jbgéstikcs `/bu j` cjgimistrcáëb _rbfh`gcs nimcmk`irbs/ebacr cpbstcmjb jimd`irb ❓_rbfh`gcs ❓Z`g g`jb j` kbg`ácr ug r`hckibmcg`mtb ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
^ijc ncgihicr ❓Jiskutic Jiskutic nr`qu`mt`g`mt` kbg bs irgëbs/irgës ❓@rc @rc nr`qu`mt`g`mt` kcstiacjb bu cpcmdcvc ❓Zimdc Zimdc pbukb kbmtctb kbg c ncgçhic j`vijb c kbmnhitbs ❓_r`kisbu _r`kisbu t`r c vijc bracmizcjc p`hbs pcis jurcmt` gcis t`gpb jb qu` b qu` s`ric mbrgch ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Kbgpuhsivijcj` s`xuch< Cjgistrcáëb jc kcsc `x5 ncz`r kbgprcs
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
30
Ijcj` cjuhtc (kbmtimucáëb)
Imnæmkic (kbmtimucáëb)
Imt`rcáëb sbkich ❓Nikc Nikc rcpijcg`mt` cfbrr`kijb mbs kbmtctbs sbkicis Jinikuhjcj` `g gcmt`r kbmtctbs sbkicis ❓Jinikuhjcj` ❓Kbmnhitbs Kbmnhitbs j`vijb c prbfh`gcs j` kbgumikcáëb ❓Jinikuhjcj` Jinikuhjcj` `g imikicr kbmtctbs sbkicis ❓Kbgpbrtcg`mtb Kbgpbrtcg`mtb pbukb css`rtivb kbgb r`suhtcjb j` `xp`riåmkics m`activcs ❓Mëb Mëb é ct`mkibsb (`squ`k` j` gcmjcr pbstch, j` `mvicr påscg`s, j` t`h`nbmcr `tk.) Butrbs5 ❓Butrbs5
Imt`rcáëb sbkich ❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj` `g gcmt`r kbmtctbs sbkicis ❓Z`v` kbmnhitbs j`vijb c prbfh`gcs j` kbgumikcáëb ❓Zimdc Zimdc jinikuhjcj`s `g imikicr kbmtctbs sbkicis ❓Zimdc Zimdc kbgpbrtcg`mtb pbukb css`rtivb kbgb r`suhtcjb j` `xp`riåmkics m`activcs ❓Zimdc Zimdc pbukbs cgiabs ❓@rc @rc igpbrtumcjb @rc `xkhuçjb bu mëb `rc cjgitijb pcrc ncz`r pcrt` jbs ❓@rc arupbs ❓Nbi Nbi —fuhhy’ (prctikcvc fuhhyima) ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Z`gpb hivr`/dbffi`s ❓Mëb Mëb kbms`au` r`hcxcr mb t`gpb hivr` ❓_r`kisc _r`kisc prctikcr guitb `spbrt` pcrc kbms`auir r`hcxcr ❓Z`g h`sð`s r`suhtcmt`s jc prãtikc `xk`ssivc j` `spbrt`s Mëb kbms`au` v`r ug nihg` bu h`r ug hivrb cté cb nig ❓Mëb ❓@stã @stã s`gpr` ctivb `, pbr issb, s`mt`-s` `xcustb ❓_`rj` _`rj` imt`r`ss` rcpijcg`mt` p`hbs dbffi`s ❓ Ckij`mt`s cb jiriair `/bu t`g c kcrtc j` gbtbristc cpr``mjijc j`vijb c kbmjuáëb igpruj`mt` Fuskc j` cjr`mchimc/crriskcr j`gcis ❓Fuskc ❓_rbfh`gcs _rbfh`gcs kbg c pbhçkic bu c eustiác ❓Kbg` Kbg` kbgpuhsivcg`mt` ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Z`gpb hivr`/dbffi`s ❓Mëb Mëb kbms`auic r`hcxcr mb t`gpb hivr` ❓_r`kiscvc _r`kiscvc prctikcr guitb `spbrt` pcrc kbms`auir r`hcxcr ❓Z`v` h`sð`s r`suhtcmt`s jc prãtikc `xk`ssivc j` `spbrt`s ❓Mëb Mëb kbms`auic v`r ug nihg` bu h`r ug hivrb cté b nig ❓@stcvc @stcvc s`gpr` `g cáëb `, pbr issb, cmjcvc `xcustb ❓_`rjic _`rjic rcpijcg`mt` imt`r`ss` p`hbs dbffi`s ❓Fuskcvc Fuskcvc s`mscáð`s imt`mscs/crriskcvc j`gcis _rbfh`gcs kbg c pbhçkic bu c eustiác ❓_rbfh`gcs ❓Z`v` guitbs ckij`mt`s ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Cutbkbmnicmác/cutb-igca`g ❓É ims`aurb j`vijb cbs kbg`mtãribs m`activbs qu` r`k`f` jbs butrbs ❓Z`g fcixc cutb-`stigc j`vijb cbs `rrbs nr`qu`mt`s ❓ Z`g g`jb j` nchdcr qucmjb kbg`ác chab j` mbvb V`ca` `xca`rcjcg`mt` c krçtikcs ❓V`ca` ❓ É p`rn`kkibmistc ❓[`mt`-s` [`mt`-s` trist`, pbr kcusc jbs simtbgcs j` ZJCD ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
Cutbkbmnicmác/cutb-igca`g ❓@rc @rc ims`aurb j`vijb cbs kbg`mtãribs m`activbs qu` r`k`fic jbs butrbs Zimdc fcixc cutb-`stigc j`vijb cbs `rrbs nr`qu`mt`s ❓Zimdc ❓Zimdc Zimdc g`jb j` nchdcr qucmjb kbg`ácvc chab mbvb ❓V`caic V`caic `xca`rcjcg`mt` c krçtikcs @rc p`rn`kkibmistc ❓@rc ❓Butrbs5 Butrbs5
J`m`aric cs p`ssbcs kbg pchcvrcs j` fcixb kchëb qucmjb r`k`fic krçtikcs.
3>
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
Ijcj` cjuhtc5 @vijåmkic j` pr`euçzb `g 6 bu gcis kbmt`xtbs2
❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
Imnæmkic5 @vijåmkic j` pr`euçzb `g 6 bu gcis kbmt`xtbs2 kbmt`xtbs2
❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
Nig jc `mtr`vistc. _rbk`jc cabrc cb r`sugb.
Sucisqu`r pbrg`mbr`s5
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
31
V`sugb j` [imtbgcs C ` D/I Imjiqu` qucis bs kritéribs qu` nbrcg gcrkcjbs mc pcrt` 3 ` 6 ` sbg`-bs Kritérib J[G-I^ ZV
[imtbgc
_r`s`mt` mc imnæmkic
C3c
C3. Kbg nr`quåmkic mëb pr`stc ct`máëb suniki`mt` cbs pbrg`mbr`s bu kbg`t` `rrbs pbr j`skuijb, mb trcfchdb bu `g butrcs ctivijcj`s
[
[
C3f
C6. Kbg nr`quåmkic t`g jinikuhjcj` `g gcmt`r-s` kbmk`mtrcjb jurcmt` c r`chizcáëb j` tcr`ncs bu ctivijcj`s
[
[
C3k
C;. Kbg nr`quåmkic pcr`k` mëb `stcr buvimjb, qucmjb chauég hd` jiria` c pchcvrc
M
[
C3j
C:. Kbg nr`quåmkic mëb s`au` cs imstruáð`s bu mëb t`rgimc cs tcr`ncs bu bfriacáð`s mb trcfchdb
[
[
C3`
C0. Kbg nr`quåmkic t`g jinikuhjcj` `g bracmizcr tcr`ncs ` ctivijcj`s
[
[
C3n
C>. Kbg nr`quåmkic `vitc, t`g cv`rsëb bu s`mt` r`hutæmkic `g `mvbhv`r-s` `g tcr`ncs qu` r`qu`r`g `snbráb g`mtch kbmtçmub
[
[
C3a
C1. Kbg nr`quåmkic p`rj` bfe`tbs m`k`ssãribs pcrc cs tcr`ncs bu ctivijcj`s
C3d
C4. Kbg nr`quåmkic jistrci-s` nckihg`mt` kbg `stçguhbs `xt`rmbs
C3i
C9. @squ`k`-s` kbg nr`quåmkic jcs ctivijcj`s jb jic c jic
M [ M
[ [ M
Zbtch j` kritéribs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb
>
/ 9
4
/9
C6c
D/I 3. Kbg nr`quåmkic g`x` j` nbrgc irr`qui`tc cs gëbs ` bs pés bu r`g`x`-s` mc kcj`irc qucmjb `stã s`mtcjb
[
M
C6f
D/I 6. Kbg nr`quåmkic h`vcmtc-s` jb huacr `g situcáð`s `g qu` é `sp`rcjb qu` p`rgcm`ác s`mtcjb
M
[
C6k
D/I ;. Kbg nr`quåmkic s`mt`-s` irr`qui`tb
[
[
C6j
D/I :. Kbg nr`quåmkic t`g jinikuhjcj` `g j`jikcr-s` trcmquihcg`mt` trcmquihcg`mt` c ctivijcj`s j` hcz`r
M
M
C6`
D/I 0. Kbg nr`quåmkic ‘cmjc c gih‗ bu ca` kbgb s` `stiv`ss` ‘hiacjb c ug gbtbr‗
[
[
C6n
D/I >. Kbg nr`quåmkic nchc `xk`ssivcg`mt`
[
[
C6a
D/I 1. Kbg nr`quåmkic r`spbmj` pr`kipitcjcg`mt` cmt`s qu` cs p`raumtcs t`mdcg ckcfcjb
[
[
C6d
D/I 4. Kbg nr`quåmkic t`g jinikuhjcj` `g `sp`rcr p`hc suc v`z
C6i
D/I 9. Kbg nr`quåmkic imt`rrbgp` bu imt`rn`r` mcs ctivijcj`s jbs butrbs
[ [
[ [
Zbtch j` kritéribs j` Dip`rctivijcj`/Igpuhsivijcj`
34
_r`s`mt` mc ijcj` cjuhtc
1
JI^C 6.?
/ 9
1
/9
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
Nbhdc j` _bmtucáëb J[G-I^ kritérib C
Imnæmkic ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
tbtch j` kcrckt`rçstikcs C é ≠ >2 tbtch j` kcrckt`rçstikcs D/I é ≠ >2
Ijcj` cjuhtc* ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
tbtch j` kcrckt`rçstikcs C é ≠ >2 tbtch j` kcrckt`rçstikcs D/I é ≠ >2
J[G-I^ kritérib F
Dã imjikcáð`s j` s` trctcr j` ug pcjrëb krúmikb j` simtbgcs ` j` pr`euizbs2
J[G-I^ kritéribs K ` J
Bs simtbgcs ` bs pr`euçzbs bkbrr`g `g p`hb g`mbs jbis kbmt`xtbs jc vijc jiãric
J[G-I^ kritérib @
❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
Ijcj` cjuhtc Imnæmkic
❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb ❓ [ig / ❓ Mëb
Bs simtbgcs mëb pbj`g s`r gcis f`g `xphikcjbs p`hc pr`s`mác j` butrb trcmstbrmb g`mtch
❓ Mëb ❓ [ig, pbr5
B jicamûstikb é kbmnirgcjb pbr cmcgm`s` fcs`cjc mcs imnbrgcáð`s jcjcs pbr ncgihicr`s bu t`rk`irbs2 _cis/irgëb/irgë/butrbs _crk`irb(c)/fbg cgiab(c)/butrbs V`hctûribs `skbhcr`s
** **
❓M/C ❓ ?
❓ 3
❓ 6
❓M/C ❓ ?
❓ 3
❓ 6
❓M/C ❓ ?
❓ 3
❓ 6 M/C7 mëb s` cphikc
? 7 s`g/pbukc kbmnirgcáëb 3 7 chaugc kbmnirgcáëb 6 7 kbmnirgcáëb khcrc
@xphikcáëb5
Jicamûstikb ZJCD***
❓ Mëb
[ig, suftipb ❓;3:.?3 ;3:.?3 [uftipb gistb ❓;3:.?? ;3:.?? [uftipb pr`jbgimcmt`g`mt` j`sct`mtb ❓;3:.?3 ;3:.?3 [uftipb pr`jbgimcmt`g`mt` dip`rctivb/ igpuhsivb * Imv`stiacáð`s gbstrcg qu` mc ijcj` cjuhtc c ij`mtinikcáëb j` : bu gcis kcrckt`rçstikcs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb `/bu Dip`rctivijcj`/ Igpuhsivijcj` sëb suniki`mt`s pcrc b jicamûstikb j` ZJCD. Lbbie `t ch. Imt`rmch cmj `xt`rmch vchijity bn Ctt`mtibm-J`nikit Dyp`rcktivity Igpuhsivijcj` Dyp`rcktivity Jisbrj`r im c pbpuhctibm-fcs`j scgph` bn cjuhts. _sykdbhbaikch G`jikim` 6??0< ;0(>)5431-461. Fcrlh`y VC5 Ca` j`p`mj`mt j`khim` im CJDJ5 Zru` r`kbv`ry br stctistikch ihhusibm2 Zd` CJDJ V`pbrt 3991< 053-0. ** Imjiqu` qu`g `st`v` pr`s`mt` mc cmcgm`s` fcs`cjc mcs imnbrgcáð`s jcjcs pbr ncgihicr`s bu t`rk`irbs. *** [` bs suftipbs kbmstctcjbs mc imnæmkic ` mc ijcj` cjuhtc jin`r`g, b suftipb ctuch cjuhtb pr`vch`k` mb jicamûstikb.
JI^C 6.?
@mtr`vistc pcrc b Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g Cjuhtbs
39
JI^C
_BVZPAPÅ[ (FVC[IH)
6.?
@skchcj`Igpuhsivijcj`j`Fcrrc-FI[33 Imstruáð`s5 Cs p`ssbcs jiv`ra`g mcs nbrgcs `g qu` ca`g ` p`mscg `g jin`r`mt`s situcáð`s. @stc é ugc `skchc pcrc cvchicr chaugcs jcs gcm`ircs qu` vbkå ca` c a` bu p`msc. H`ic kcjc cnirgcáëb cnir gcáëb ` pr``mkdc b kçrkuhb cprbpricjb mb hcjb jir`itb jc pãaimc. Mëb acst` guitb t`gpb `g kcjc cnirgcáëb. V`spbmjc j` nbrgc rãpijc ` dbm`stcg`mt`.
3.@uphcm`ebtcr`ncskuijcjbscg`mt`.** 3.@uphcm`ebtcr`ncskuijcjbscg`mt`. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr``/s`gpr`
6.@uncábkbiscss`gp`mscr.** 6.@uncábkbiscss`gp`mscr. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
;.@utbgbj`kisð`srcpijcg`mt`.** ;.@utbgbj`kisð`srcpijcg`mt`. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc
J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
:.@usbuj`spr`bkupcjb(kbmnibmcsbrt`,"j`s`mkcmcjb"). * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
0.@umëbpr`stbct`máëb.** 0.@umëbpr`stbct`máëb. Vcrcg`t` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
>.@ut`mdbp`mscg`mtbsqu`s`ctrbp`hcg. * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
1.@uphcm`ebvica`mskbgfcstcmt`cmt`k`jåmkic.** 1.@uphcm`ebvica`mskbgfcstcmt`cmt`k`jåmkic. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
4.@ut`mdbcutbkbmtrbh`.** 4.@ut`mdbcutbkbmtrbh`. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
9.@ug`kbmk`mtrbnckihg`mt`.** 9.@ug`kbmk`mtrbnckihg`mt`. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
3?.@u`kbmbgizb(pbupb)r`auhcrg`mt`. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
33.@unikbg`kbmtbrk`mjbmckcj`irc`gp`ácsj`t`ctrbbupch`strcs * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
36.@up`msbmcskbiscskbgkuijcjb. * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
3;.@uncábphcmbspcrcg`gcmt`rmb`gpr`ab(`ukuijbpcrcmëbp`rj`rg`u`gpr`ab). * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb
Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
3:.@unchbkbiscss`gp`mscr.** 3:.@unchbkbiscss`gp`mscr. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
30.@uabstbj`p`mscr`gprbfh`gcskbgph`xbs. * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
3>.@utrbkbj``gpr`ab.** 3>.@utrbkbj``gpr`ab. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
31.@ucebpbrigpuhsb.** 31.@ucebpbrigpuhsb. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
34.@unikb`mt`jicjbkbgnckihijcj`qucmjb`stbur`sbhv`mjbprbfh`gcsg`mtchg`mt`. * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
39.@ucebmb‘kchbr‗jbgbg`mtb.** 39.@ucebmb‘kchbr‗jbgbg`mtb. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
6?.@ugcmt`mdbchimdcj`rckibkçmib(‘mëbp`rkbbnibjcg`cjc‗). *
Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
63.@utrbkbj`kcsc(r`sijåmkic). * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc
J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
66.@ukbgprbkbiscspbrigpuhsb.** 66.@ukbgprbkbiscspbrigpuhsb. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
6;.@usûkbmsiabp`mscr`gugckbiscj`kcjcv`z. * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic
Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
6:.@utrbkbj`imt`r`ss`s`pcssct`gpbs(‘dbffy‗). * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
60.@uacstbbukbgprbcpr`stcáëbgcisjbqu`acmdb. * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
6>.@mqucmtb`stbup`mscmjb`gugckbisc,ékbgugqu`butrcsijéicsg`v`mdcgïkcf`ác bucbg`sgbt`gpb.** bucbg`sgbt`gpb. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
61.@ut`mdbgcisimt`r`ss`mbpr`s`mt`jbqu`mbnuturb.** 61.@ut`mdbgcisimt`r`ss`mbpr`s`mt`jbqu`mbnuturb. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
64.@ug`simtbimqui`tb`gpch`strcsbucuhcs. * Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
69.@uabstbj`ebabs`j`scnibsg`mtcis.** 69.@uabstbj`ebabs`j`scnibsg`mtcis. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
;?.@ug`pr`pcrbpcrcbnuturb.** ;?.@ug`pr`pcrbpcrcbnuturb. Vcrcg`mt` bu mumkc J` v`z `g qucmjb Kbg nr`quåmkic Sucs` s`gpr`/s`gpr`
C_ÅMJIK@[ C_ÅM JIK@[
_ãaimc 34 j` 34
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
KCG_P[ HIF@VJCJ@
Kursb5 _sikbhbaic [`g`str` 4¿ @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb VAG 31:93?4-4 Chumbs5 @jucrjc @jucrjc Guzy Guzy N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG 31:;064-0 H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9 [up`rvisbrc5 Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë [`xb5 Gcsk. Gcsk. Ijcj`5 :? cmbs cmbs ^bhumtãrib (c)5 E.B.N E.B.N Jctc jb Ct`mjig`mtb Ct`mjig`mtb55 66/?9/6?6? Jic jc s`gcmc5 Z`rác-n`ir Z`rác-n`irc c Dbrãrib5 6?drs. 3ª [@[[ËB I ‛ V`hctb j` Cvchicáëb 5
B pcki`mt` `mtrbu mc s`ssëb ïs 6?d?0. C `stcaiãric N`rmcmjc imikibu b Vcppb pbrt rt,, cpr` r`s` s`m mtbu tbu cs `stc stcaiã iãri rics cs @ju juc crj rjc c ` H`tçki tçkic c. C `stc stcaiã aiãric ric h`u b ZK ZKH@ H@,, eumt eumtb b kbg b khi`mt` ` g`sgb kbmkbrjbu ` cssimbu b Z`rgb j` Kbms`mtig`mtb Hivr` ` @skhcr`kijb. Jicm Jicmt` t` jb ck ck`i `it` t` c `s `stc tcai aiãr ãric ic p` p`ra raum umtb tbu u cb kh khi` i`mt mt`, `, kbgb kbgb `h` `h` tbgb tbgbu u ki kiåm åmki kic c jc tric trica` a`g g ` b g`sgb `sgb r` r`hc hctb tbu u qu` ugc cgia iac c psik psikûh ûhba bac c hd hd` ` gc gcm mjb jbu u b pbst jb Imst Imstc carcg arcg.. @m @mtë tëb bc `stcaiãric s`auiu pcrc b `mqucjr` ` pcssbu cb khi`mt` tbjcs cs r`arcs, qucmtb ïs nch nchtcs, tcs, c ju jurc rcáë áëb b jc s`ss s`ssë ëb, c igp igpbr brtæ tæm mki kic c j` `stcr tcr `g ug hbkc hbkchh trcm trcmq quihb uihb bmj` pbs bssc sc s` `xpr`sscr s`g qu` mimauég b imkbgbj`, c igpbrtæmkic jb nbm` j` buvijb j` cgfc fcss cs pcrt` crt`s, s, c ig igp pbr brtæ tæm mki kic c jc kæg kæg`r `rc c s`g `gp pr` hiac iacjc ` qu` b g`sg sgb b irã r`k` r`k`f f`r b himl jcs s`ssð`s tbjc s`gcmc pbr `-gcih. @g s` s`au auij ijc c c `s `stc tcai aiãr ãric ic p`ra p`raum umtb tbu u cb kh khi` i`mt mt` ` pbrq pbrqu` u` prbk prbkur urbu bu b ct`m ct`mji jig` g`mt mtb, b, b g`sg sgb b r` r`hc hctb tbu u qu` bs kbh kbh`a `ac cs jb s`rv s`rviá iáb b eã tbgc tbgcg g g`j `jik ikcá cáë ëb (rit (ritc chihim mc) pcrc ZJ ZJCD CD ` su sura raiu iu c jõ jõvi vijc jc pb pbis is,, ij ij`m `mtitininikb kbu u ch chau aums ms kb kbgp gpbr brtc tcg` g`mt mtb b s`g` s`g`hd hdcm cmt` t`ss cb jbs jbs kbh` kbh`ac acs, s, b qu` igp gpu uhs hsiibmb mbu u p`squi squisc scrr mc im imt` t`rm rm`t `t sbf sbfr` imnb mnbrg rgc cáð`s áð`s jb ZJ ZJC CD, imnb mnbrg rgbu bu qu qu` ` r` r`ch chiz izbu bu t` t`st st`s `s/q /qu` u`st stib ibmã mãri ribs bs `x `xtr trcç cçjb jbss j` si sit` t`ss j` um umiv iv`r `rsi sijc jcj` j`s, s, qu qu` ` imji imjikc kcrc rcg g qu qu` ` pbj` t`r t`r ZJ ZJCD CD.. Nb Nbrc rc issb ssb, b g`sg sgb b jiss` ss` qu` s` jis istr trci ci nr` nr`qu` u`m mt`g t`g`mt` quc ucm mjb `stã stã ncz`mjb cs ctivijcj`s jiãrics, s` p`rj` mb t`g t`gpb kbg cs ctivijcj`s ` qu` ncz vãrics kbis isc cs cb g`sg sgb b t`g t`gpb. Jiss` ss` qu qu` ` ncz ncz pûs-a ûs-arc rcju juc cáëb áëb `g Dckl` kl`r Éti Étikb ` qu` guitc itcs v`z`s p`rj` b jic j` `mtr`acr trcfchdbs ` qu` suc _ûs Arcjucáëb t`r t`ric jurcáëb j` s`is s`is g` g`s` s`ss ` qu qu` ` ck ckcf cfbu bu `s `st` t`mj mj`m `mjb jb `s `ss` s` t`gp t`gpb. b. B g` g`sg sgb b trcf trcfch chdc dc kbg kbg t`km t`kmbh bhba baic ic - s`a s`aurcm urcmác ác jc imnb mnbrg rgcá cáë ëb, `stã stã m`s `st` t` trc trcfch chd db dã jb jbiis cmb mbss ` `stã stã c prbku rbkurc rc j` butr utrb trcf trcfc chd hdb b, r` r`hc hctc tc `stã `stã `g fuskc skc j` butrb utrb pbr jbis nctb nctbr` r`ss c ebrm ebrmcj cjc c 36 36T T;> igp igpbss ssiifih fihitc itc qu` `h` t`mdc gbg`mtbs j` hcz`r kbg suc ncgçhic ` tcgfég c qu`stëb schcrich. 3
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
Jiss` qu` ncz g`jitcáëb dã ug gås ` g`ib pcrc ceujcr ` qu` t`g c `xp`ktctivc qu` s`u mçv`h j` ZJCD s`ec fcixb, `xphikcmjb qu` abstcric j` mëb pr`kiscr tb tbg gcr g`jikcáëb, iauch cbs s`us kbh`acs jb trcfchdb. C `stcaiãric `mtëb tëb `x `xph phik ikbu bu sbfr sbfr` ` c tric trica` a`g g ji jica camû mûst stik ikc c ` j` j`u u kbgb kbgb `x`g `x`gph phb, b, c tric trica` a`g g qu qu` ` ckbm ckbmt` t`k` k` `g ug db dbsp spiitch tch, jis iss` s` tcg tcgfé fég g sbf bfr` r` bs f`m` m`nç nçki kibs bs sbf bfr` r` ug pbss ssçv çv` `h `m `mkc kcg gimd imdcg cg` `mtb mtb pcrc s`rviábs nbrc bu j`mtrb jc nckuhjcj` ` `xphikbu ug pbukb sbfr` c `mtr`vistc JI^C ` c @skchc j` Igpuhsivijcj` j` Fcrrctt. Jic icm mt` jb ni nig g jb db dbrã rãri rib b jc s`ssë `ssëb b c `stc `stca aiãric ãric cprbv prbv` `itb itbu pc pcrc rc r`nb r`nbrá rác cr b jic jic jc prû rûxi xigc gc s`ssë `ssëb b ` b db dbrã rãri rib b ` b g` g`sg sgb b kbm kbmni nirg rgb bu suc suc pc pcrt rtiiki kipc pcáë áëb b. Cs `stc stcaiã aiãric rics carcj`k`rcg suc pr`s`mác ` c s`ssëb nbi `mk`rrcjc. _br nig, bfs`rvcgbs qu` b khi`mt` `stcvc ug pbukb imqui`tb jurcmt` c s`ssëb. II ‛ Bfs`rvcáð`s kbgpbrtcg`mtcis
B qu qu` ` pu puj` j`gb gbss p` p`rk rk`f `f`r `r nbi nbi sb sbfr fr` ` suc suc imqu imqui` i`tc tcáë áëb b mc kcj` kcj`ir irc, c, suc suc nchc nchc rãpi rãpijc jc,, ` qucmjb nbi sbhikitcjb c h`itur turc kbmeumtc ` pr``mkdig`mtb, `gfbrc cs bri`mtcáð`s nbss` qu` niz`ss`g eumtbs, b g`sgb eã s` cmt`kipbu ims`riu bs jcjbs ` `mvibu cs imnbrgcáð`s, s`g caucrjcr cs imnbrgcáð`s r`stcmt`s. Chég jistb, `g chaums gbg`mtbs pcr`k`u `stcr r`chizcmjb butrc trcs ctivijcj`s mb kbgputcjbr `mqucmtb c `stcaiãric `stcvc nchcmjb. III ‛ Kbg`mtãribs p`ssbcis @jucrjc5 _`rk`fi qu` dbe` `g jic, c imt`rm`t pbj` ceujcr bu ctrcpchdcr b
j`s`gp`mdb jcs p`ssbcs ` qu` m`g s`gpr`, b qu` prbkurcgbs ` ckdcgbs mc imt`rm`t, pbj` s`r h`vcjb c sérib, pbis guitc jcs v`z`s, c imt`rm`t mbs trcz ug nchsb jicamûstikb ` ci kbg`ácg c pcrtir j` mûs g`sgbs bs ncgbsbs ‘rûtuhbs‗. _br issb, j`v`gbs scf`r qu` kcsb t`mdcgbs chaug simtbg tbgc, bu ckdcrgbs quchqu`r kbisc, b g`hdbr c s` ncz`r é pcsscr kbg ug `sp`kichistc ` mëb ir prbkurcr imnbrgcáð`s qu` pbj`g s`r nbrm`kijcs pbr qucisqu`r p`ssbcs mc imt`rm`t. _br nig, nbi mbtûrib b imt`r`ss` jb khi`mt` `g scf`r s` `h` t`g bu mëb b ZJCD. N`rmcmjc5 @ss` prig`irb ct`mjig`mtb, s` gbstrbu imt`r`sscmt`, pbis, s`gpr`
tiv`gbs c bpbrtumijcj` j` ct`mj`r p`ssbchg`mt`, b qu` mbs prbpbrkibmc ugc cgph cg phitituj uj` ` j` bf bfs` s`rv rvcá cáëb ëb gcib gcibr, r, ` mb `s `spc pcáb áb r` r`gb gbtb tb,, mb mbss hihigi gitc tc ug pbuk pbukb, b, sbfr sbfr` ` `ss` `ss` csp`ktb, pbrég nbi pbssçv`h r`chizcr c s`ssëb, p`rk`f`r c cmsi`jcj` j` scf`r s` b g`sgb pbssui ZJCD, ` khcrb gitiacr c pbssifihijcj` j` tbgcr ug g`jikcg`mtb pcrc 6
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
ug tr trct ctcg cg`m `mtb tb qu qu` ` ce ceuj uj` ` c g`hd g`hdbr brcr cr.. ^` ^`eb eb qu qu` ` tcgf tcgfég ég cp cpr` r`mj mj`g `gbs bs m` m`ss ss` ` gb gbg` g`mt mtb b qu` `stcgbs viv`mjb, gcis ugc `xp`riåmkic pcrc mbssc ctucáëb.
Cb g`sgb t`gpb qu` c imt`rm`t `stã mbs prbpbrkibm prbpbrkibmcmjb cmjb r`chizcr b `stãaib, H`tikic5 Cb `v `vititcm cmjb jb gc gcib ibr` r`ss ig igpc pckt ktbs bs mc mb mbss ssc c ar arcj cjuc ucáë áëb, b, igpb igpbss ssif ifihihititc c b cg cgfi fi`m `mt` t` kbmt kbmtrb rbhc hcjb jb qu` b hcfb fbrc rctû tûrrib prb rbp pbr brki kibm bmc c. Istb Istb pbrq rqu u` bf bfss`rv `rv`i qu qu` ` b khihi` `mt` mt` `g jiv` jiv`rs rscs cs v`z` v`z`ss `stcvc r`chizcmjb butrcs ctivijcj`s `mqucmtb c `stcaiãric `stcvc pcsscmjb imnb imnbrg rgcá cáð` ð`ss `/bu `/bu br bri` i`mt mtcá cáð` ð`s. s. Kb Kbgb gb b pr prûp ûpri rib b pcki pcki`m `mt` t` imnb imnbrg rgbu bu cssi cssig g qu` qu` imar imar`s `ssb sbu u mc s`ssëb, trcfchdc kbg jbis gbmitbr`s ` qu` dã jiv`rsbs chcrg`s tbkcmjb mc t`hc b t`g t`gpb tbj tbjb, ché hég g j` kbh kbh`a `ac cs b kdc kdcgc gcm mjb jb,, igpc pckt ktc cmjb mb nbkb nbkb ` kbm bmk` k`m mtrc trcáëb. áëb. Istb Istb pbj` kcuscr pbssçv`is igpcktbs mc css`rtivijcj` jcs ctivijcj`s. ^ - Bri`mtcáð`s cpûs c sup`rvisëb
Cfbrjcr qu`stð`s r`n`r`mt` cb sbmb ` phcm`ecg` phcm`ecg`mtb mtb kbg b khi`mt`. Nchcr sbfr` c igpb igpbrt rtæm æmki kic c j` s` j` j`sk skbm bm`k `ktc tcrr jc jcss ctiv ctivij ijcj cj`s `s (kbg (kbgpu putc tcjb jbrr ` t`h` t`h`nb nbm` m`), ), jb s`rv s`rviá iáb b mc dbrc jb ct`mjig`mtb ` nbkcr sbg`mt` mb qu` `stã s`mjb nchcjb mc s`ssëb.
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRR RR @jucrjc Guzy VAG5 31:93?4-4
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR R N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG5 31:;064-0
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRR RR H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR R _rbn`ssbrc [up`rvisbrc Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë ;
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
KCG_P[ HIF@VJCJ@ Kursb5 _sikbhbaic [`g`str` 4¿ @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb VAG 31:93?4-4 Chumbs5 @jucrjc @jucrjc Guzy Guzy N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG 31:;064-0 H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9 [up`rvisbrc5 Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë [`xb5 Gcsk. Gcsk. Ijcj`5 :? cmbs cmbs ^bhumtãrib (c)5 E.B.N E.B.N Jctc jb Ct`mjig`mtb5 Ct`mjig`mtb 5 69/?9/6?6? Jic jc s`gcmc5 Z`rác-n`irc Z`rác-n`ir c Dbrãrib5 6?drs.
6ª [@[[ËB I ‛ V`hctb j` Cvchicáëb 5 B pcki`mt` `mtrbu mc s`ssëb ïs 6?d?0. Im Imiikichg`mt`, c `stcaiãric N`rmcmjc sbhikitbu cb khi`mt` j`shiacr-s`
j` tujb r`hckibmcjb cb trcfchdb, bu quchqu`r butrc
ctivijcj` pcrc qu` puj`ss`
`stcr kbg tbjc c suc ct`máëb vbhtcjc pcrc b
ct`mjig`mtb.B khi`mt` r`v`hbu qu` mcqu`h` jic, `stcvc j` nbhac j` sucs ctivijcj`s hcfbrcis, pbrtcmtb mëb dcv`ricg jistrcáð`s. J`st J` stc c nb nbrg rgc c nbi nbi imik imikic icjb jb c s` s`ss ssëb ëb,, c `stc `stcai aiãr ãric ic cfbr cfbrjb jbu u chau chaugc gcs s qu`s qu`stð tð`s `s qu` qu` ni nikc kcrc rcg g p`mj p`mj`m `mt` t`s s mc s` s`ss ssëb ëb jb jic jic 66/? 66/?9. 9. Pgc Pgc j`ss j`sscs cs qu`s qu`stð tð`s `s é r`n` r`n`r` r`mt mt` ` cb sb sbmb mb jb kh khi` i`m mt` t`.. C `stc stcaiãri iãric c p`ra p`rau umtb mtbu su suc c `s `skc kchc hc é 36T;> T;>2. B g`sgb sgb r`hc `hctb tbu u qu` qu` pbr suc `skchc s`r jiurmc, s`u sbmb é p`rn`itb, qu` jbrg` `g géjic 4 dbrcs pbr jic ` qu` ctuchg`mt` mëb t`g m`mdug prbfh`gc. Su`stibmcjb sbfr` `ss` ‘ctuchg`mt`‗, b g`sgb sgb jiss` iss` qu` cmt` cmt`s s j` crr rru ugcr gcr `s `ss` s` `gpr` gpr`a ab, trc trcfchd fchdc cvc `g butr butrb b `gpr`a pr`ab b, mb p`rçbjb jc gcmdë, tcr tcrj` ` mbit` ` qucmjb kd`acvc `g kcsc pbr vbhtc jcs 3?drs, mëb kbms`auic jbrgir, pbr kbmtc jb fcruhdb. Butrc qu`stëb tëb qu` nbi cfbrjcjc p`hc `stcaiãric, nbi sbfr` b phcm`ecg`mtb jb khi`mt`. B g`sgb r`hctbu qu` kbms`au` aucrjcr tbjbs bs s`us phcm`ecg`mtbs mc kcf`ác ` qu` cté t`g ug qucjrb `g kcsc, bmj` ncz gcrkcáð`s igpbrtcmt`s. Cpûs nimchizcáëb jcs qu`stð`s qu` nikcrcg p`mj`mt`s mc õhtigc s`ssëb, s`rã
nimchizcjc c pcrt` ;5 _r`euçzbs j`vijb cbs simtbgcs (J[G-I^ kritéribs F,K ` J) ` tcgfég c @skchc j` Fcrrct. Fcrrct. _br ni nig g, cs `stca tcaiãr iãrics ics carcj`k`rcg c pr`s`mác jb khi` i`m mt` ` r`nbrácrcg c
qu`stëb jc prûxigc s`ssëb qu` s`rã jic ?>/3?/6?6? ïs 6?drs, bmj` b g`sgb kbmnirgbu suc pr`s`mác.
3
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
II ‛ Bfs`rvcáð`s kbgpbrtcg`mtcis Mb im imçk çkib ib jb ct`m ct`mji jig` g`mt mtb b b pcki pcki`m `mt` t` `stc `stcvc vc mbvc mbvcg` g`mt mt` ` r`ch r`chiz izcm cmjb jb ct ctiv ivij ijcj cj`s `s pc pcrc rch` h`hc hcs, s, sbhi sbhiki kitc tcmj mjb b qu` qu` b pcki pcki`m `mt` t` j`ix j`ixcs css` s` j`gc j`gcis is ct ctiv ivij ijcj cj`s `s chég chég jc s`ss s`ssëb ëb pcrc pcrc nbkcr cp`mcs mb ct`mjig`mtb. Cpûs `stc sbhikitcáëb, b pcki`mt` ck`itbu ` nbkbu cp`mcs mb ct`mjig`mtb, b qu` kbhcfbrbu kbg c nhuij`z jc s`ssëb ` cphikcáëb jc `mtr`vistc JI^C.
III ‛ Kbrr`áëb jbs imstrug`mtbs Kbg fcs` fcs` mc `mtr `mtr` `vi vist stc c JI^C I^C, b kh khi` i`mt mt` ` E. cpr` cpr`s s`mtb `mtbu u c gcib ibri ric c jbs jbs si simt mtb bgcs mc imn mnæ æmki kic c, g`sgb sgb mëb mëb s` h` h`gf gfrc rcm mjb guit itb b f`g f`g jbs jbs nc nctb tbs s bk bkbr brri rij jbs, pbr brég ég cb jcr bs `x`gphbs qu` kbgpð`g c `mtr`vistc, b g`sgb r`hctcvc s` cj`qucr c tbjbs. Dbuv Db uv`r `rcg cg jbis jbis pbmt pbmtbs bs mc `mtr `mtr`v `vis istc tc qu` qu` kdcg kdcgcr crcg cg guit guitc c c ct ct`m `máë áëb, b, b prig prig`i `irb rb nb nbii c r`sp r`spbs bstc tc jc p`raum raumtc tc C0, C0, jc pri rig g`ir irc c pcrt` rt` jc `mtr`v tr`vis istc tc qu` fusk skc c ij`m j`mti tini nik kcr bs Kritéribs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb (C3), c s`auimt` nchc jb khi`mt`5 ‘_hcm`ecg`mtb. G` prba rbarcgb rcgb pcrc `stu stujcr jcr ` h` h`rr ` gcmt` mt`mdb is issb sb sb sbg` g`m mt` pbr jbis bis jics ics ` j`pb `pbis vi virrc ugc fbhc j` m`v`‗ (sik). Eã mb Kri rité téri rib b K jc t`rk t`rk`i `irc rc pcrt` rt` jc `mtr mtr`v `vis istc tc qu` fus uskc kc ij ij` `mt mtiini nik kcr c ijcj jcj` j` im imçk çkib ib ` pr pr`e `euç uçzb zbs s prbv prbvbk bkcj cjbs bs p`hb p`hbs s si simt mtbg bgcs cs jb ZJCD ZJCD,, b kh khi` i`mt mt` ` r`hc r`hctb tbu5 u5 ‘V`m ‘V`mji jig` g`mt mtb. b. [imtb imtb qu` pbss ssb b s`r g`hd `hdbr br,, gc gcs s mëb mëb kb kbm msi siab ab.. @ is iss sb ckb kbm mt` t`k k` tc tcg gfég fég mc nc ncku kuhj hjc cj`, j`, eã j`v`ric t`r t`r nimchizcjb pûs-arcjucáë pûs-arcjucáëb‗ b‗ (sik),. Mc prig`irc pcrt` Kritér téribs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb (C3) jc `mtr` tr`vistc b khi`mt` cpr`s`mtbu :/9 jbs simtbgcs mc ijcj` cjuhtc ` 1/9 jbs simtbgcs mc imnæmkic. Eã mc s` s`au aumj mjc c pcrt pcrt` ` Kr Krit itér érib ibs s j` Di Dip` p`rc rcti tivi vijc jcj` j`/I /Igp gpuh uhsi sivi vijc jcj` j` (C (C6) 6) jc `mtr `mtr`v `vis istc tc b kh khi` i`mt mt` ` cpr`s`mtb tbu u 0/9 jbs simtbgcs mc ijcj` cjuhtc ` 0/9 jbs simtbgcs mc imnæmkic. [`mjb cs cssi sig, g, ci cimj mjc c ir ir`g `gbs bs kbmk kbmkhu huir ir c t`rk t`rk`i `irc rc pcrt pcrt` ` jc `mtr `mtr`v `vis istc tc qu` qu` fusk fuskc c ij`m ij`mti tini nikc kcrr c ijcj ijcj` ` j` imçkib ` bs pr`euçzbs prbvbkcjbs prbvbkcjbs p`hbs simtbgcs jb ZJCD.
6
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
^I ‛ Kbg`mtãribs p`ssbcis @jucrjc5 M` M`ss ss` ` ct`m ct`mji jig` g`mt mtb b b kh khi` i`mt mt` ` pcr` pcr`k` k`u u `stc `stcrr gcis gcis k`mt k`mtrc rcjb jb,, kbhc kbhcfb fbrb rbu u jcmj jcmjb b tbjcs cs r`spbstcs ` `x`gphbs pcrc c `mtr`vistc JI^C. B ct`mjig`mtb nhuiu f`g. Ckr`jitb qu` `g virtuj` jc nbhac, b khi`mt` `stcvc gcis jispbmçv`h ` N`rmcmjc5 Ckr`jitb tc tcg gfég fég pbr s` s`rr c s`au `aumjc mjc s` s`ss ssë ëb, jurcmt rcmt` ` c `mtr`v tr`vis istc tc,, nb nbii kc kcgi gim mdcm dcmjb f`g, `g, nb nbg gbs cvcmácmjb ` chaums qu`stð`s `h` mëb kbgpr``mj`u bs `x`gphbs, jicmt` jissb c H`tçkic `skhcr`k`u cs jõvijcs.
H`tikic5 @s @stc tc s` s`ss ssëb ëb s` s`mt mtii qu` qu` nbi nbi gcis gcis prbj prbjut utiv ivc c qucm qucmtb tb ï ct ct`m `máë áëb b ` nb nbkb kb jb pcki pcki`m `mt` t`.. Nbi pbssçv`h v`rinikcr qu` ckctbu mbssc bri`mtcá tcáëb j` gcmt`r c ct`máëb cp`mcs mc s`ssëb.
^ - Bri`mtcáð`s cpûs c sup`rvisëb
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR RR @jucrjc Guzy VAG5 31:93?4-4
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR R N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG5 31:;064-0
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRR RR H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRR _rbn`ssbrc [up`rvisbrc Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë
;
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
KCG_P[ HIF@VJCJ@ Kursb5 _sikbhbaic [`g`str` 4¿ @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb VAG 31:93?4-4 Chumbs5 @jucrjc @jucrjc Guzy Guzy N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG 31:;064-0 H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9 [up`rvisbrc5 Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë [`xb5 Gcsk. Gcsk. Ijcj`5 :? cmbs cmbs ^bhumtãrib (c)5 E.B.N E.B.N Jctc jb Ct`mjig`mtb5 Ct`mjig`mtb 5 ?>/3?/6?6? Jic jc s`gcmc5 Z`rác-n`irc Z`rác-n`ir c Dbrãrib5 6?drs.
;ª [@[[ËB I ‛ V`hctb j` Cvchicáëb 5 B pcki`mt` `mtrbu mc s`ssëb ïs 6?d33, ` nbi mbtcjb qu` c suc kæg`rc ` s`u gikr gikrbn bnbm bm` ` `stc `stcvc vcg g j`sh j`shia iacj cjbs bs.. @mtë @mtëb b c `stc `stcai aiãr ãric ic H`tç H`tçki kic c p`ji p`jiu u pcrc pcrc b kh khi` i`mt mt` ` hi hiac acrr bs g`sgbs, b g`sgb `mtrbu ` sciu jc s`ssëb jiv`rscs v`z`s, pbrég s`gpr` s`g c kæg`rc ` b gikrbnbm` j`shiacjbs. B pcki`mt` `mtëb cpbmtbu qu` `stcvc kbg prbfh`gcs mc imt`rm`t ` qu` iric trbkcr b himl jc imt`rm`t. @mquc qucmt mtb b b pck cki` i`m mt` r`ch r`chiz izcv cvc c c trb trbkc, cs `st stc caiã aiãric rics t` t`m mtc tcrc rcg g kbmtc bmtctb tb kb kbg gb M@C_ vic t` t`hh`n `nb bm`, m`, pcrc pcrc kb kbh` h`tc tcrr bri ri` `mtcá tcáð`s ð`s j` kbgb prbk` rbk`j j`r kb kbg g c s` s`ss ssëb ëb,, pbr brég ég mëb bftiv`rcg suk`ssb. Sucmjb b khi`mt` r`tbrmbu, cimjc `stcvc kbg bs g`sgb pr prbf bfh` h`gc gc ` sb sbhi hiki kitb tbu u pcrc pcrc jcr jcr prbs prbss` s`au auig ig`m `mtb tb cb ct ct`m `mji jig` g`mt mtb b jcqu jcqu`h `h` ` gbjb gbjb,, j` qu` qu` utihizcric b kdct, mb `mtcmtb c `stcaiãric r`nbrábu b `mqucjr`, j` qu` ugc jcs kbmjiáð`s pcrc c s`ssëb, `rc cs kæg`rcs ` gikrbnbm`s j` tbjbs (pcki`mt` ` `stcaiãrics)) hiacjbs. `stcaiãrics Kbmnb nbrrg` mëb nbi nbi pbs bssç sçv` v`hh b kb kbmt mtc ctb kb kbg g b M@C_ @C_ pcrc br bri` i`mt mtc cáð áð` `s ` b dbrãri rãrib b jc s`ssëb eã `stcr s` `mk`rrcmjb, nbi r`ca`mjcjb kbg b pcki`mt` c s`ssëb pcrc c prûxigc s`gcmc, mb jic 3;/3?/6?6? - t`rác-n`irc ïs 6?drs, ` nbi ckbrjcjb b khi`mt`.
II ‛ Bfs`rvcáð`s kbgpbrtcg`mtcis [`g bfs`rvcáð`s.
III ‛ Kbrr`áëb jbs imstrug`mtbs Mëb nbrcg cphikcjbs.
3
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
^I ‛ Kbg`mtãribs p`ssbcis @jucrjc5 s`g kbg`mtãribs. N`rmcmjc5 s`g kbg`mtãribs. H`tçkic5 s`g kbg`mtãribs.
^ - Bri`mtcáð`s cpûs c sup`rvisëb
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR R @jucrjc Guzy VAG5 31:93?4-4
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR R N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG5 31:;064-0
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRR RR H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRR _rbn`ssbrc [up`rvisbrc Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë
6
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
KCG_P[ HIF@VJCJ@ Kursb5 _sikbhbaic [`g`str` 4¿ @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb VAG 31:93?4-4 Chumbs5 @jucrjc @jucrjc Guzy Guzy N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG 31:;064-0 H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9 [up`rvisbrc5 Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë [`xb5 Gcsk. Gcsk. Ijcj`5 :? cmbs cmbs ^bhumtãrib (c)5 E.B.N E.B.N Jctc jb Ct`mjig`mtb5 Ct`mjig`mtb 5 3;/3?/6?6? Jic jc s`gcmc5 Z`rác-n`irc Z`rác-n`ir c Dbrãrib5 6?drs.
:ª [@[[ËB I ‛ V`hctb j` Cvchicáëb 5 B vb vbhhumtã umtãri rib b E.B.N .B.N `mtr mtrbu mc s` s`ss ssëb ëb pbr vbhtc bhtc jcs 39d0 9d01, kbg c kæ kæg` g`rc rc hi hia acjc cjc pbrég s`g b gikrbnbm`. Cb s`r imnbrgcjb j`st` k`mãrib, b g`sgb sciu ` `mtrbu mc s`ss s`ssëb ëb.. Mb `m `mtc tcmt mtb, b, cb r` r`tb tbrm rmcr cr mëb mëb numk numkib ibmc mcvc vc m`md m`mdug ugc c jcs jcs jucs jucs nu numá máð` ð`s. s. Bri` Bri`mt mtcj cjb b c trbkcr j` mcv`acjbr ` kcsb mëb numkibmcss`, r`imikicr b kbgputcjbr, b pcki`mt` imnb nbrg rgb bu mb kdct qu` r`im r`imik ikic icri ric c c gã gãq quim uimc. V`tbrm tbrmbu bu ïs 6?d31 kbg tb tbj jcs cs nu numá máð ð`s ctivcs ` nbi imikicjb b ct`mjig`mtb.
C `stcaiãric H`tçkic imnbrgbu cb vbhumtãrib qu` jcric prbss`auig`mtb ïs p`mjåmkics jb õhtigb ct`mjig`mtb (JI^C ` `skchc j` Fcrrct), pbrég cmt`s iric cfbrjcr cha hau ugcs qu`stð`s qu` nbrcg trczijcs jurcmt` c cphikcáëb jb JI^C I^C qu` m`k`ssitcvcg j` gcibr`s imv`stiacáð`s. C chumc `stcaiãric `mtëb imv`stiabu pbssçv`is csp`ktbs qu` imjikcss`g kbgpuhsivijcj` s`xuch, trcmstbrmb j` p`rsbmchijcj` cmtissbkich ` trcmstbrmb j`scnicjbr j` bpbsiáëb. Cb sbhikitcr qu` E.B.N cfbrjcss` ` `xphikcss` g`hdbr b kbg`mtãrib n`itb sbfr` pbssçv`h kbgpuhsivijcj` s`xuch, kbhbkbu sbfr` qu` sucs pcrk`irc ircs ‘mëb cau`mtcg‗ (sik ik)) ` ckr`jitc t`r guitc t`stbst`rbmc. Cpûs imv`stia iac cáëb, b g`sgb `skhcr`k`u qu`, jurcmt` s`us r`hckibm ibmcg`mtb tbs s, s`mt` vbmtcj` gcibr qu` sucs kbgp bgpcmd` cmd`ir ircs cs,, imk imkhusi husiv` v` kbg c ctuch tuch,, qu` `st stã ã dã quctr uctrb b cmbs mbs eu eumt mtb bs, pbr bré ég, mëb mëb s`mt` m`k`ssijcj` c pbmtb j` trcir. Sucm Su cmtb tb ï imv` imv`st stia iacá cáëb ëb sb sbfr fr` ` tr trcm cmst stbr brmb mb j` p`rs p`rsbm bmch chij ijcj cj` ` cmtis cmtissb sbki kich ch,, nb nbrc rcg g r`chizcjcs p`raumtcs sbfr` c nr`quåmkic j` k`rtbs kbgpbrtcg`mtbs kbgb5 ig igpu puhs hsiv ivij ijc cj`/i j`/ig gpr` pr`visif isifih ihij ijc cj`< `mvbh mvbhvi vig g`m `mtb tb `g fr fria iac cs ` ji jisk skus ussð sð` `s< g`mt g`mtir ir,, `macmcr, hujifricr/9 ` 4/9 mc ncs` jc imnæmkic mb Kritérib j` [imtbgcs j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb jb J[G-I^. Mb kritérib Dip` Dip`rc rctitivi vijc jcj` j`/I /Igp gpuh uhsi sivi vijc jcj` j` jb J[GJ[G-I^ I^,, cp cpr` r`s` s`mt mtbu bu bs tbtc tbtcis is mc ncs` ncs` jc imnæ imnæmk mkic ic j` 1/ 1/9 9 ` mc ij ijcj cj` ` cj cjuh uhtc tc 1/9. 1/9. Ji Jicm cmt` t` jb jbss jcjb jcjbss cpur cpurcj cjbs bs,, b pc pcki ki`m `mt` t` pr`` pr``mk mkd` d` bs krit kritér érib ibss jbs simtbgcs j` ZJCD. `g cmãhis` cb J[G -^ b pcki`mt` cpr`s`mtc ZJCD j` arcvijcj` gbj`rcjc, bmj` bs simtbgcs ` pr`euçzb num numkibmch ‘h`v`‗ ` ‘arcv`‗ `stëb pr`s`mt`s. Bs r`suhtcjbs mc @skchc j` Fcrrct, cpr`s`mtbu bs s`auimt`s r`suhtcjbs FI[ 33 Kbmtrb trbh` Imif Imifiitûri tûrib b c sbgc pcrk rkic ichh jbs skbr` kbr`ss cti ctima maiircg rcg :4 :4,, cti ctima maiimj mjb b ug p`rk`m rk`mti tihh j` 40. @ mb FI[ 33 Nchtc j` _hcm`ecg`mtb b g`sgb cpr`s`mtc `skbr`s pcrkicis j` 6? ctimaimjb ug p`rk`mtih j` >0. B pcki`mt` cpr`s`mtc `skbr`s tbtch j` >4. Bmj` mc tcf`hc j` _`rnbrgcmk` `g frcsih`irbs cjuhtbs b g`sgb ctima` b p`rk`mtih j` 10.
^I ‛ Kbg`mtãribs p`ssbcis @jucrjc5 B pck cki` i`m mt` kb kbm mti tim mubu ubu kbh bhc cfb fbrc rcm mjb kbg kbg cs r`sp r`spbs bstc tcss jc `m `mtr tr` `vi vist stc c JI^C I^C `
kbg c @skchc j` Fcrrctt, kbgb mcs butrcs s`ssð`s. Gbstrbu-s` pcrtikipctivb ` j`shiacjb j` butrbs cncz`r`s. N`rmcmjc5 Bfs`rv`i qu` b pcki`mt` s` gbstrbu imt`r`sscjb `g kbmtimucr kbg bs prbk`jig`mtbs jc `mtr`vistc, ` kbg suc ct`máëb vbhtcjc pcrc c s`ssëb. H`tikic5 Imn`hizg`mt` mëb puj` kbgpcr`k`r cb ct`mjig`mtb. ct`mjig`mtb. ^ - Bri`mtcáð`s cpûs c sup`rvisëb
6
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR R @jucrjc Guzy RRRRRRRRRR VAG5 31:93?4-4
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR R N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG5 31:;064-0
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRR RR H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRR _rbn`ssbrc [up`rvisbrc Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë
;
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
KCG_P[ HIF@VJCJ@ Kursb5 _sikbhbaic [`g`str` 4¿ @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb VAG 31:93?4-4 Chumbs5 @jucrjc @jucrjc Guzy Guzy N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG 31:;064-0 H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9 [up`rvisbrc5 Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë ^bhumtãrib (c)5 E.B.N E.B.N [`xb5 Gcsk. Gcsk. Ijcj`5 :? cmbs cmbs Jctc jb Ct`mjig`mtb5 Ct`mjig`mtb 5 ?;/33/6?6? Jic jc s`gcmc5 Z`rác-n`irc Z`rác-n`ir c Dbrãrib5 6?drs.
>ª [@[[ËB I ‛ V`hctb j` Cvchicáëb 5 B vb vbhhumtã umtãri rib b E.B.N .B.N `mtr mtrbu mc s` s`ss ssëb ëb ïs 6?d 6?d??. ??. C `st stc caiã aiãric ric H`tç tçk kic kbg` bg`áb ábu uc nc nchc hcrr cb pcki pcki`m `mt` t` b qu` qu` tçmd tçmdcg cgbs bs h`vc h`vcmt mtcj cjb b kb kbmn mnbr brg` g` bs `mkb `mkbmt mtrb rbs, s, c @mtr @mtr`v `vis istc tc JI^C JI^C ` c @skchc j` Fcrrctt. Cb hbmab jb `mkbmtrb ` kbmnbrg` b qu` c `stcaiãric nchcvc jc j`vbhutivc, c g`sgc sgc p`r `rau aum mtcv tcvc s` b vb vbhhumtã umtãri rib b `s `stc tcv vc kb kbg gpr pr`` ``m mj`m j`mjb ` s` `st stc cvc kbg jõvi vijc jcs s r`n`r`mt` cb qu` nbi nchcjb ` b vbhumtãrib jizic qu` mëb. Nbi `skhcr`kijb cimjc sbfr` bs csp`ktbs qu` h`vcg c imjikcáëb bu mëb j` tbgcr g`jikcáëb, ` qucis bs f`m`nçkibs jb g`sgb mc quchijcj` j` vijc jb pcki`mt`. _crc ni nim mchizcr, cfrigbs pcrc b g`sgb jcr ug n` n`` `jfckl sbfr` bs `mkbmtrbs ` mbs pbmtucr sbfr` b qu` nbi jitb. @mtëb, `h` r`hctbu qu` kbgpr``mj`u tujb b qu` nb nbii nchcjb ` qu` pbr kbmtc jc pcmj`gic, mëb iric prbkurcr ug prbnissibmch mb nig j`st` cmb, gcs gcs qu` qu`, mb kbg`áb g`áb jb cmb qu` v`g 6?63 ?63, irã irã fus uskc kcrr ug prbni rbnis ssi sib bmch psi sikû kûhb hbab ab mc ãr`c r`c jc ZKK ZKK qu` qu` pbs bssc sc hd hd` ` ceu euj jcr cr,, ` tcg tcgfég fég irã irã prbku rbkurc rcrr psi siqu quic ictr trc c pcr crc c nc ncz` z`rr ug ct`mjig`mtb `g kbmeumtb. Nbi qu`stibmcjb s` E.B .B..N kbgpr``mj`u cs imnbrgcáð`s pcsscjcs, s` nczic s`mtijb c `h`, ` s` abstcric j` ckr`sk`mtcr tcr chab, b vbhumtãrib cp`mcs carcj`k`u cs `stc `stcai aiãr ãric ics s pbr pbr j`s` j`s`mv mvbh bhv` v`r` r`g g `ss` `ss` trcf trcfch chdb db ` bs `mkb `mkbmt mtrb rbs. s. B `mkb `mkbmt mtrb rb nb nbii ni nimc mchi hizc zcjb jb kbg cs `stcaiãrics carcj`k`mjb c pcrtikipcáëb j` E.B.N, `xphikcmjb b qucmtb kbmtrifuiu pcrc b j`s`mvbhvig`mtb ` kbmd`kig`mtb j` kcjc ugc.
II ‛ Bfs`rvcáð`s kbgpbrtcg`mtcis B pc pcrt rtik ikip ipcm cmt` t` pcr` pcr`k` k`u u ct`m ct`mtb tb ïs imnb imnbrg rgcá cáð` ð`s s qu` qu` `stc `stcvc vcg g s`mj s`mjb b r`pc r`pcss sscj cjcs cs,, cpcr cpcr`m `mtc tcmj mjb b cfsb cfsbrv rv`r `r,, kb kbgp gpr` r``m `mj` j`rr ` kb kbmk mkbr brjc jcrr kb kbg g c j`vb j`vbhu huti tivc vc qu` qu` `stc `stcvc vc s` s`mj mjb b pcsscjc, kbg suc dipût`s` jicamûstikc j` pbssuir ZJCD. 3
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
^I ‛ Kbg`mtãribs p`ssbcis @jucrjc5 B `mkbmtrb bkbrr`u j` nbrgc trcmquihc. Niqu`i n`hiz `g scf`r qu` b vbh bhu umt mtã ãri rib b abs bstb tbu u jbs `mkb kbm mtr trbs bs ` qu` g`sgb sgb kb kbg g tc tcm mtc im ims` s`a aur urc cmác ác,, g`jb `jb ` tc tchv hv` `z r`k `k`i `ib b j` nc ncz` z`rr cha hab b `rr rrc cjb, kb kbms ms`a `au ui eumtb mtb kb kbg g cs g`mim mimcs ni nim mchi hizc zcrr bs `mkb `mkbm mtrb trbs j` nbrgc kbrr`tc.
N`rmcmjc5 C trcmquihcg`mt`, b pcrtikipcmt` s` gbstrbu ct`mtb C j`vbhutivc trcmskbrr`u trcmquihcg`mt`, cbs `s `skh khcr cr`k `kig ig`m `mtb tbs s cp cpr` r`s` s`m mtcj tcjbs, ` r`kb r`kbm md` d`k` k`u u kb kbg gpr`` pr``m mj`u j`u b qu` `st stã ãvc vcg gbs kbhb kbhbkc kcmj mjb. b. Cb hbma hbmab b j` mbss mbssbs bs `mkb `mkbmt mtrb rbs s nbgb nbgbs s cpri cprigb gbrc rcmj mjb b c nb nbrg rgc c j` imv` imv`st stia iacá cáëb ëb,, c fuskc pbr pr``mkd`r ` ncz`r c g`hdbr cvchicáëb pbssçv`h.
H`tikic5 C j`vbhutivc bkbrr`u j` nbrgc guitb nhuçjc ` rãpijc, pbis tbjcs cs imnbrgcáð`s r`pcsscjcs nbrcg, mëb cp`mcs kbgpr``mjijcs, kbgb tcgfég kbmkbrjcjcs p`hb pcrt rtik ikip ipc cmt mt` `. Cp` Cp`sc scrr jc cnirg nirgc cáë áëb b j` mëb prbku rbkurc rcrr b s` s`rv rviiáb prb prbni niss ssiibmc bmch m`s `st` t` cmb cmb, pcr`k`u kbmvimk`mt` `g suc nchc j` qu` b ncrã cmb qu` v`g.
^ - Bri`mtcáð`s cpûs c sup`rvisëb
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR RR @jucrjc Guzy VAG5 31:93?4-4
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR R N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG5 31:;064-0
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRR RR H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRR _rbn`ssbrc [up`rvisbrc Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë 6
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
KCG_P[ HIF@VJCJ@ Kursb5 _sikbhbaic [`g`str` 4¿ @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb VAG 31:93?4-4 Chumbs5 @jucrjc @jucrjc Guzy Guzy N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG 31:;064-0 H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9 [up`rvisbrc5 Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë ^bhumtãrib (c)5 E.B.N E.B.N [`xb5 Gcsk. Gcsk. Ijcj`5 :? cmbs cmbs Jctc jb Ct`mjig`mtb5 Ct`mjig`mtb 5 ?;/33/6?6? Jic jc s`gcmc5 Z`rác-n`irc Z`rác-n`ir c Dbrãrib5 6?drs. J@^BHPZI^C
Mb @stã @stãai aib b [up` [up`rv rvis isib ibmc mcjb jb @s @sp` p`kç kçni nikb kb `g _sik _sikbj bjic icam amûs ûsti tikb kb nb nbii r`ch r`chiz izcj cjb b ugc ugc tr tric ica` a`g g j` vbh bhu umtã mtãri ribs bs kbg su susp sp`i `itc tc j` ZJ ZJC CD, kb kbg g b bfe` e`ti tiv vb j` h`vc vcmt mtc cr dipû dipût` t`s` s`s s jica cam mûs ûsti tik kcs qu` qu` puj puj`s `ss` s`g g r`nb `nbrá rácr cr `stc stc su susp sp` `it itc c ` `mkc `mkcg gim imd dcr bs vb vbhu hum mtã tãrrib ibs s cbs j`vijbs ct`mjig`mtbs. ct`mjig`mtbs. Kricmács, cjbh`sk`mt`s ` cjuhtbs, kbg b Zrcmstbrmb j` ZJCD t`mj`g c cpr`s`mtc tcrr prbfh`gcs mb ægfitb sbkich, imt`r t`rp`ssbch ` imtrcp`ssbch, kbgb c fcixc cutb cutb`s `sti tigc gc,, kb kbmn mnhi hitb tbs s ncgi ncgihi hicr cr`s `s,, prbf prbfh` h`gc gcs s `g r`hc r`hcki kibm bmcg cg`m `mtb tbs s kb kbme meua uaci cis, s, `xis `xist` t` c pb pbss ssif ifih ihij ijcj cj` ` j` s` `mvb `mvbhv hv`r `r `g ckij ckij`m `mt` t`s s cutb cutbgb gbfi fihç hçst stik ikbs bs,, prãt prãtik ikcs cs s`xu s`xuci cis s j` risk riskb, b, sufstæmkics ihçkitcs ` kbgpbrtcg`mtbs kbgpbrtcg`mtbs cmtissbkicis. J` ckbrjb kbg b J[G b ZJCD, Zrcmstbrmb j` Jénikit j` Ct`máëb ` Di Dip` p`rc rcti tivi vijc jcj` j`,, é kcrc kcrckt kt`r `riz izcj cjb b pbr pbr J`sc J`sct` t`má máëb ëb `/ `/bu bu Di Dip` p`rc rcti tivi vijc jcj` j` ` ig igpu puhs hsiv ivij ijcj cj`, `, s` s`mj mjb b m`k` m`k`ss ssãr ãrib ib bft` bft`rr s` s`is is bu gc gcis is si simt mtbg bgcs cs p`rs p`rsis ist` t`mt mt`s `s pbr pbr mbs mbs õhti õhtigb gbs s s` s`is is g`s` g`s`s s bu gc gcis is,, f`g f`g kb kbgb gb pr`s pr`s`m `mt` t`s s tcgf tcgfég ég mc imnæ imnæmk mkic ic,, kc kcus uscm cmjb jb pr`e pr`euç uçzb zbs s jiãr jiãrib ibs s mc vi vijc jc p`ssbch, ckcjågikc `/bu prbnissibmch. prbnissibmch. _crc _c rc r` r`ch chiz izcá cáëb ëb jc prbp prbpbs bstc tc nbrc nbrcg g utih utihiz izcj cjbs bs bs imst imstru rug` g`mt mtbs bs @mtr @mtr`v `vis istc tc pcrc pcrc Jicamûstikb jb ZJCD `g cjuhtbs (JI^C), qu` é jivijijc `g trås pcrt`s s`mjb `hcs, [i [imt mtbg bgcs cs j` Jéni Jéniki kitt j` Ct`m Ct`máë áëb, b, [imt [imtbg bgcs cs j` Di Dip` p`rc rcti tivi vijc jcj` j`/I /Igp gpuh uhsi sivi vijc jcj` j` ` _r _r`e `euç uçzb zb j`vijb cbs simtbgcs, j`stc nbrgc c JI^C trcz gbj`hbs kbmkr`tbs
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kbgpbrtcg`mtb kbgpbrtcg` mtb `g cgfcs ncs` ncs` jc vijc (imnæmkic ` cjuhtc). cjuhtc). Bs kcgpbs c s`r`g imv`stiacjbs pcrc ij`mtinikcr pr`euçzbs kcuscjbs p`hbs simtbgcs
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3
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
C j`sct`máëb s` gbstrc kbg c jinikuhjcj` j` gcmt`r b nbkb, bu mëb r`chizcr cs ct ctiv ivij ijcj cj`s `s qu qu` ` mëb mëb kbms kbmsij ij`r `rc c r`h` r`h`vc vcmt mt`, `, kbgb kbgb r` r`hc hctc tcjb jb p`hb p`hb vbhu vbhumt mtãr ãrib ib `g sû pcrt pcrtik ikip ipcr cr j` r`umið`s bu kursbs, mb kcgpb prbnissibmch s` nbr bfriactûrib. C dip`rctivijcj` dip`rctivijcj` mbs cjuhtbs pbj`g s` cpr`s`mtcr kbgb imqui`tuj`, imqui`tuj`, t`g jinikuhjcj` `g bracmizcr b t`gpb, kbg`ác kursbs ` mëb kbms`au` t`rgimcr, t`g c t`mjåmkic j` cssugir b gumjb, ` —mëb jã kbmtc’. _crt _c rtim imjb jb j`st j`st`s `s kr krit itér érib ibs s jb J[G, J[G, cs imv` imv`st stia iacá cáð` ð`s s j`gb j`gbms mstr trcr crcg cg qu`, qu`, mc nc ncs` s` cjuhtc, nbrcg pr``mkdijbs 3; jbs 34 kritéribs `xist`mt`s, `mqucmtb qu` mc imnæ næm mkic nbrcg pr``mkdijbs 30 jbs 34 kritéribs `xist`mt`s. Mc ncs` cjuhtc é `sp`rcjb ugc r`juáëb j`ss`s kritéribs j` jicamûstikb, ugc v`z qu` eã pbssui ugc gcturcáëb jb kû kûrt rt`x `x pr pré é nr nrbm bmtc tchh ` nbrc nbrcg g j`s` j`s`mv mvbh bhvi vijc jcs s `str `strct ctéa éaic ics s kb kbgp gp`m `msc sctû tûri rics cs.. _br _br s` trct trctcr cr j` ug jistõrfib jb j`s`mvbhvig`mtb, mëb jigimui kbg b t`gpb, pbrtcmtb t`r ugc rbtimc gcis numkibmch, cs `strctéaics kbgp`msctûrics sëb j`s`mvbhvijcs. Pg `x`gphb j`sscs `strctéaics é b nctb j` j`ixcr s`us gct`ricis (kcm`tcs, fh fhbk bkbs bs j` mbtc mbtcs, s, kd kdcv cv`s `s)) s` s`gp gpr` r` mb g`sg g`sgb b hbkc hbkch, h, pcrc pcrc kb kbms ms`a `aui uirr hbkc hbkchi hizc zcrr bs g`sg g`sgbs bs ` mëb p`rjå-hbs. Butrb imstrug`mtb utihizcjb, @skchc j` Fcrrct, cvchic cs jig`msð`s jc igpu puhs hsiv ivij ijc cj`, j`, qu` kb kbrr rrb bfbrc kbg c JI^C I^C mc kbm bmst stru ruá áëb jc dipût` pût`s` s` jicam camûs ûsti tikc kc,, ` cmchisc
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(i (igp gpuh uhsi sivi vijc jcj` j`), ), b su sue` e`it itb b ctim ctimai aiu u p`rk p`rk`m `mti tihh j` 40, 40, is istb tb imji imjikc kc qu` qu` c su suc c ig igpu puhs hsiv ivij ijcj cj` `é 40% gcibr qu` c géjic a`rch. _bj`g j`gbs kbr brr` r`hc hcki kibm bmc cr `s `st` t` im imj jik ikcj cjb br cbs cbs kr krit ité érib ribs j` cvc vchi hic cáë áëb b jb JI^ I^C C qu` nbrcg pr``mkdijbs p`hb sue`itb5 imt`rrbgp`r nchcs `/bu ctivijcj`s j` t`rk`irbs, r` r`sp spbm bmj` j`rr cmt` cmt`s s jc p`ra p`raum umtc tc s` s`rr nimc nimchi hizc zcjc jc,, s` s`mt mtir ir-s -s` ` irr` irr`qu qui` i`tb tb kb kbg g nr`q nr`quå uåmk mkic ic,, nc nchc hcr r `xk`ssivcg`mt`, `xk`ssivcg `mt`, s`mtir-s` kbgb s` `stiv`ss` ‘c gih‗, `mtr` butrbs. C butrc jig`msëb cvchicjc p`hc `skchc é c Nchtc j` _hcm`ecg`mtb, _hcm`ecg`mtb, `g qu` nbi ctimaijb p`rk`mtih j` >0, ` s`mjb suc géjic a`rch ctimaijc j` p`rk`mtih 10, mc @skchc j` _`rnbrgcmk` `g cjuhtbs qu` pbssui ugc vcricáëb j` ?3 ã 99. @st` imjikctivb é p`rk`ptçv`h p`hc jinikuhjcj` j` bracmizcáëb ` phcm`ecg`mtb, `g qu` b vbhumtãrib cnirgc phcm`ecr tujb —j` kcf`ác’ ` s`r kcpcz j` gcmt`r cp`mcs pbr mb gãxigb jbis jics. Jicmt` j` tbjcs cs imnbrgcáð`s h`vcmtcj tcjcs ` cs cpr`s`mtcjcs mc `mtr`vistc JI^C, f`g kbgb c @skchc j` Fcrrct, c dipût`s` jicamûstikc é qu` pbssuc ZJCD, `g
6
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
qu` cs kcrckt`rçstikcs hct`mt`s sëb c jinikuhjcj` `g r`auhcr c ct`máëb, kbmtrbhcr bs igpuhsbs ` c dip`rctivijcj`. J` ckbrjb kbg bs kritéribs jicamûstikbs jb J[G-^, nbi ij`mtinikcjb qu` s` `mqucjrc `g mçv`h gbj`rcjb/gistb, bmj` bs simtbgcs bu pr`euçzb numkibmch `mtr` ‘h ‘h`v `v`‗ `‗ ` ‘a ‘arc rcv` v`‗‗ `stë `stëb b pr`s pr`s`m `mt` t`s, s, bu s` s`ec ec,, pr`e pr`euç uçzb zbs s h`v` h`v` j` `squ `squ`k `kig ig`m `mtb tb bmj` bmj` j`ix j`ixbu bu cs kdcv`s, pbr `x`gphb, ` pbj`mjb s`r khcssinikcjb kbgb arcv` cs s`pcrcáð`s gctrigbmicis ` ctrcsbs mc nimchizcáëb jc pûs-arcjucáëb j`kbrr`mt` jbs simtbgcs. _brtcmtb, bri`mtcgbs qu` prbkur` ug prbnissibmch psikûhbab pcrc r`chizcr trctcg`mtb
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Kbgp Kb gpbr brtc tcg` g`mt mtch ch ZKK, ZKK, s` s`rë rëb b trct trctcj cjcs cs cs qu`s qu`stð tð`s `s kb kbgp gpbr brtc tcg` g`mt mtci cis s ` psik psikbh bhûa ûaik ikcs cs,, pbrég é j` g`sgc igpbrtæmkic c cvchicáëb pbr ug psiquictr trc c, pcrc qu` `st` pbssc ij`m `mti tini nikc kcrr s` dã m`k` k`ss ssij ijcj cj` ` j` trc trctcg tcg`mtb mtb g`ji `jikc kcg` g`m mtb tbs sb, pbis pbis dã kc kcsb sbs s `g qu` b trctcg`mtb kbg b prbnissibmch psikûhbab, sû é `nikcz `g kbmeumtb kbg b trctcg`mtb g`ji g` jikc kcg` g`mt mtbs bsb, b, ` vik` vik`-v -v`r `rsc sc.. B ZJ ZJCD CD é ug trcm trcmst stbr brmb mb m`ur m`urbj bj`s `s`m `mvb vbhv hvig ig`m `mtb tb,, mëb mëb vci g`hdbrcr kbgb t`gpb. Kbgb mbss mbssc c tr tric ica a`g s` r`hc r`hcki kibm bmc cvc kbg bs sim imtb tbgc gcs s jb ZJC ZJCD, bri` bri`m mtc tcg gbs c fusk skc c jb prbni rbnis ssi sib bmch ps psiq iqu uic ictr trc c, `h` pbj pbj`r `rã ã cvc vchi hicr cr c dipû dipût` t`s` s` j` kbgp bgpuhsë uhsëb b s`x `xuc uchh qu` nbi trczijc jurcmt` ugc jcs s`ssð`s r`chizcjcs, `mqucmtb `rcg cfbrjcjcs cs qu`stð`s jc `mtr`vistc JI^C V`nbrácgbs qu` cb s`auir bs `mkcgimdcg`mtbs, irã prbpbrkibmcr g`hdbr quch quchij ijcj cj` ` j` vijc vijc,, s` s`mj mjb b pbss pbssçv çv`h `h ctuc ctucrr mcs mcs qu`s qu`stð tð`s `s trcz trczij ijcs cs kb kbgb gb prbf prbfh` h`gc gcs s ` qu` qu` trcz`g igpcktbs m`activbs mc rbtimc. V`sschtcgbs tcgfég qu` mëb s`auir `stcs bri`mtcáð`s irëb gcmt`r bs pr`euçzbs ctucis, pbj`mjb s`r`g carcvcjbs kbg b t`gpb.
;
Kursb j` _sikbhbaic @stãaib [up`rvisibmcjb @sp`kçnikb `g _sikbjicamûstikb
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR RR @jucrjc Guzy VAG5 31:93?4-4
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR R N`rmcmjc Gcric Gcrtims j` [buzc VAG5 31:;064-0
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRR RR H`tikic Gcyugi j` G`m`z`s VAG 3164:96-9
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRRRRR RRRR _rbn`ssbrc [up`rvisbrc Kcgihc Kcgpcmdë
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