TA@ZDY^@MOMD JDMDYOK ME Y@E LYOAMD ME AEY]D NDA]YE MD N@ÈAN@O^ DWO]O^ D MO ]DYYO @A^]@]T]E MD _TÂB@NO IONGOYDKOME DB _TÂB@NO ME SD]YÞKDE
^ÂA]D^D ME ÏN@ME ]DYDJ]ÏK@NE
HTN@OYO HTN@ OYO AOP AOPOYO OYO MO ^ ^@KZ @KZO O BDKE AO]OAAP FDKKP AO^N@BDA]E ^@KZO ]GOB@Y@^ BEA]D@YE MD IOYYE^
AO]OK/YA 939?
TA@ZDY^@MOMD JDMDYOK ME Y@E LYOAMD ME AEY]D NDA]YE MD N@ÈAN@O^ DWO]O^ D MO ]DYYO @A^]@]T]E MD _TÂB@NO IONGOYDKOME DB _TÂB@NO ME SD]YÞKDE
^ÂA]D^D ME ÏN@ME ]DYDJ]ÏK@NE
HTN@OYO HTN@ OYO AOP AOPOYO OYO MO ^ ^@KZ @KZO O BDKE AO]OAAP FDKKP AO^N@BDA]E ^@KZO ]GOB@Y@^ BEA]D@YE MD IOYYE^
Ydkotþr`e rdjdrdatd ã prït`no md sâatdsd me ïn`me tdrdjtïk`ne, me nurse md _uâb`no me Sdtrþk Sdt rþkde, de, m`s m`sn`p n`pk`a k`ao o _uâb`n _uâb`no o @am @amust ustr`o r`okk @@, tu turb rbo o
_T@?3 T@?3=? =?.? .?,,
sd sdbd bdst strd rd
prejdssero Kun`dad mo ^. ^oates.
AO]OK/YA 939?
939 39?. ?.? ?,
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JTAMOB JTAMOBDA] DA]OÌÎ OÌÎE E ]DÞ ]DÞY@N Y@NO O E ïn`me tdrdjtïk`ne à ub sþk`me `aneker qud sd mdstono per sdr ub `bpertoatd
beaýbdre, eamd à ut`k`zome nebe prdnurser ao premuìîe me SD]. Dstd ïn`me à `ase `asekø køvd vdkk db ïluo ïluo,, nker nkerej ejþr þrb` b`e, e, ïk ïkne neek ek,, àtdr àtdrds ds,, ïn ïn`m `me e onàt onàt`n `ne e d eu eutr tres es.. O norontdr`zoìîe me ïn`me tdrdjtïk`ne, oss`b nebe e sdu lrou md purdzo pemd sdr ovdr`luome o port`r md nrebotelroj`o db josd loseso d dspdntresnep`o ao rdl`îe me `ajrov `aj rovdrb drbdkg dkge e (^@K (^@KZO, 93? 93?9). 9). Dkd à s`l s`la`j a`j`no `not`v t`vobd obdatd atd bdaes bdaes sek sekøvd øvdkk ae ïn` ïn`me me onàt`ne qud quokqudr mes `atdrbdm`ïr`es, pemdame sdr sdporome m`rdtobdatd opþs o ex`moìîe opdaos per j`ktroìîe eu ndatr`juloìîe. Nebpestes mdr`vomes me ïn`me tdrdjtïk`ne otuokbdatd sd `asdrdb ao nkossd md gdtdrenânk`nes md lroamd `atdrdssd quâb`ne d jâs`ne. Se`s tèb lroamd rdkoìîe neb aevos ut`k`zoìôds mos lorrojos SD] qud sîe lroamds v`kôds neb rdkoìîe oe bd`e obi`datd, tdame db v`sto qud os bdsbos mdberob per vekto md =33 oaes poro sd mdnebper ae bd`e obi`datd. E pekâbdre neagdn`me nebe SD] pessu`, ao vdrmomd, o sdlu`atd aebdankoturo quâb`no ej`n`ok8 pek`dt`kdaetdrdjkote, eu pek`tdrdjtokote md dt`kdae, mo quok er`l`ao suo s`lko. Dkd pessu` dssd aebd perqud à ub pek`àstdr, `ste à, ub pekâbdre jerbome per vïr`es àstdrds, qud sîe premuz`mes per bd`e mo rdoìîe datrd e ïkneek dt`kdaem`ek (dt`kdae-lk`nek) d e ïn`me tdrdjtïk`ne (ïn`me p-idazdaem`e`ne).
J`luro ?. Ydoìîe jerboìîe me SD]. Jeatd8 OI@SD] (93?7).
Es pek`à pek`àstdrd stdrdss sîe pekâbdres md neam neamdaso dasoìîe, ìîe, perqud rdol rdoldb db beaýbdres beaýbdres m`jdrdatds neb o dk`b`aoìîe md bekànukos md ïluo. Soro o premuìîe md ub pek`àstdr à `bprdsn`amâvdk o rdoìîe datrd ub ïn`me d ub ïkneek, eu ub m`ïn`me d ub m`ïkneek eu o`amo ub pek`ïn`me d ub pek`ïkneek. E `bpertoatd à qud o bdsbo quoat`momd md lrupes noriex`ko qud e ïn`me tdb sdho tobiàb o bdsbo quoat`momd md lrupes g`mrex`ko qud e ïkneek oprdsdato db suo dstruturo. @sse enerrd perqud e lrupe noriex`ko me ïn`me (┃NEEG) rdold neb o g`mrex`ko me ïkneek (EG), o j`b md er`l`aor e lrupe àstdr (┃NEE) d dk`b`aoame ïluo nebe suipremute. E pek`dt`kdae tdrdjtokote (SD]) à neagdn`me nebdrn`okbdatd nebe mrïnea eu nebe tdr`kdad. Dssd pekâbdre à korlobdatd ut`k`zome, toate qud ndrno md n`ane b`kgôds md teadkomos mdkd sîe premuz`mos temes es oaes poro sd usor ao joir`noìîe md tdn`mes, nebe e tdrlok, qud à o b`sturo md mrïnea neb oklemîe. ]obiàb sd prem premuz uzdb db j`ir j`iros os s` s`at atàt àt`n `nos os po poro ro bo`ý bo`ýss d reup reupos os md `a `avd vdra rae, e, ne nerm rmos os,, j`j`kb kbds ds jetelr jet elrïj` ïj`nes nes,, j`tos j`tos md ïum ïum`e `e d vâmde, vâmde, luormo luormo-ng -nguvo uvos, s, dbi dbioko okolda ldas, s, lor lorroj rojos os md idi`mos ngobomos md lorrojos SD], loi`adtds md jerae, voses d vïkvukos normâonos d pretdterds md qud`bomuros poro vât`bos. Ao neastruìîe n`v`k à usome db bossos poro rdpores, db kob`aomes, dsqu`s d k`agos md pdsno. Es x`kdaes sîe nebpestes m`bdt`k idazdae, eamd o m`jdrdaìo à o pes`ìîe rdkot`vo mes lrupes bdt`kos. Dssd neahuate md nebpestes tobiàb à neagdn`me nebe x`kek. Es nebpestes sîe e erte-x`kdae, bdto-x`kdae d poro-x`kd poro-x`kdae, ae, qud pessudb peate md diuk`ìîe, mdas`momd d peate md jusîe k`ld`robdatd m`jdrdatds (rdspdnt`vobdatd erte, bdto d poro8 ?== ³N, ?>0 ³N d ?>7 ³N 6 3,77 l/nb> - 3,7: l/nb> - 3,7: l/nb> 6 -94 ³N, -=7 ³N d ?> ³N). ^îe usomes nebe sekvdatds d prdnurserds md eutres premutes quâb`nes, sdame daneatromes ae oknotrîe d ae pdtrþkde.
J`luro 9. Ydoìîe md eitdaìîe eitdaìîe me ï ïn`me n`me tdrdjtïk`ne (v`o ex`moìîe me p-x`kdae).
9.
EIHD]@Z @ZE E Eitdaìîe d norontdr`zoìîe me ïn`me tdrdjtïk`ne otrovàs mo rdoìîe md ex`moìîe
me p-x`kdae.
>. >.?.
BO]DY BO]DY@O@ @O@^ ^ D YDOLDA YDOLDA]D^ ]D^ BO]DY@O BO]DY@O@^ @^ D D_T@SOBDA] D_T@SOBDA]E^ E^
-
Opord Opordkgold kgoldas as poro rdjkuxe rdjkuxe (LS_E)6 (LS_E)6
-
Iokî Iokîe e md juame rdmeame rdmeame MD 943 bK6
-
Ià Iàqu qudr dr 943 943 bK bK66
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Ju Jua` a`kk md iung iungdr dr66
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F`t F`toss ossote ote 433 bK6
-
Skono Skono md ol`toì ol`toìîe îe bolaàt bolaàt`no `no..
>. >.9. 9.
YDOL YDOLDA DA]D ]D^ ^
-
Dto toae aek6k6
-
^eku ^ekuìîe ìîe oqueso oqueso o 93% md ïn`me nkerâ nkerâmr`ne mr`ne66
-
Sdrbo Sdrboaloa aloaote ote md petïss`e6 petïss`e6
-
W`kd W`kdae ae S.O. .O.
=.
SYENDM SYENDM@BD @BDA] A]E E DWS DWSDY@ DY@BDA BDA] ]OK Db ub iokîe md 943 bK, om`n`eaor om`n`eaor 9,3 bK md x`kdae x`kdae,, 4,4 l md FBaE= d ?94
bK md ïluo. Oqudndr e s`stdbo k`lome o ub neamdasomer sei ol`toìîe otà qud goho bumoaìo md nekeroìîe mo b`sturo rdon`eaok, dsso dtopo à md oprex`bomobdatd 9g o >g. Nose o sekuìîe pdrboadìo v`ekdto opþs e oqudn`bdate, om`n`eaor = bK md dtoaek. Neb o neankusîe mo rdoìîe, rdsjr`or o b`sturo, j`ktror e BaE9 prdn`p`tome db ub jua`k iungadr d kovor neb ?3 bK md ïluo qudatd per muos vdzds. troasbumor e j`ktrome md m`idazeote md petïss`e db ïn`me idazem`þ`ne om`n`eaoame GNk 93 % oe bd`e otà qud e pG sd terad ïn`me. J`ktror e ïn`me idazem`þ`ne prdn`p`tome db ub jua`k md Iungadr, kovor neb ?3 bk md ïluo ldkomo d sdnor oe or. E dtoaek oe sdr onrd on rdsn snda dato tome me ad adss sso o dt dtop opo o md rd rdoì oìîe îe ne nebp bpkd kdto to o rdmu rdmuìî ìîe e me pd pdrb rboa oalo loao aote te govdame mdsnekeroìîe mo sekuìîe.
J`luro >. Jkuxelrobo poro o prït`no md e eitdaìîe itdaìîe me ïn`me tdrdjtïk`ne.
4. 4. 4.?. ?.
YD^T YD^TK K]OM OME^ E^ ^âat ^âatds dsdd me SD] SD]
E SD] pemd sdr s`atdt`zome md muos jerbos8 o port`r mo rdoìîe datrd ub ïn`me noriexâk`ne d ub ïkneek (dstdr`j`noìîe) eu mo rdoìîe datrd ub àstdr d ub ïkneek (troasdstdr`j`noìîe) (BOAE dt ok. 933=).
4. 4.?. ?.?. ?.
Ds Dstd tdr` r`j`n j`noì oìîe îe O dstdr`j`noìîe à ubo rdoìîe md neamdasoìîe ao quok, ïn`mes noriexâk`nes
rdoldb neb ïknee`s jerboame àstdrds, sdlu`ame o rdoìîe ldrok oprdsdatomo ao J`luro =.?.
J`luro =.?. Ydoìîe Ldrok mo Dstdr`j`noìîe Dstdr`j`noìîe (Jeatd8 ^EKEBEA^ d JY JYPGKD, PGKD, 9333).
Dssos rdoìôds sîe notok`somos per ïn`mes d mdsdavekvdb-sd kdatobdatd ao ousèan`o md ïn`mes jertds, datrdtoate, quoame ub ïn`me eu ub ïkneek sîe rdjkuxomes neb pdq pdquda udao o quoat` quoat`mom momd d md ïn ïn`me `me suk sukjør jør`ne `ne nea neanda ndatro trome me eu ïn` ïn`me me nke nkerâm râmr`n r`ne e e dqu`kâir`e à oknoaìome db peunos geros. Tb dxndsse me ïn`me noriexâk`ne eu me ïkneek, iosdomes ae rdoldatd k`b`toatd, d otà bdsbe, o rdbeìîe mo ïluo jerbomo ae bd bd`e `e rdon rdon`e `eao aokk ne neat atr`i r`iud udb b poro poro e oubd oubdat ate e me rdam rdam`b `bda date te mo rdoì rdoìîe îe md dstdr`j`noìîe (^EKEBEA^ d JYPGKD, 9333). Es nkerdtes md on`ko d es oa`mr`mes tobiàb pemdb sdr ut`k`zomes ao rdoìîe neb ïknee`s poro jerboìîe md àstdrds, sdame bu`te bo`s rdot`ves qud es ïn`mes noriexâk`nes ao rdoìîe md om`ìîe-dk`b`aoìîe, neb o rdoìîe enerrdame rop`mobdatd d aîe adndss`toame md ub notok`somer ïn`me. Os J`luros =.9 d =.> oprdsdatob o rdoìîe ldrok mdstd bàteme.
J`luro =.9. Ydoìîe ldrok8 Àstdr Àstdr o port`r md nkerdte nkerdte md on`ko. (Jeatd8 ^EKEBEA^ d
JYPGKD, 9333).
J`luro =.>. Ydoìîe ldrok8 Àstdr Àstdr o port`r md oa`mr`me oa`mr`me md ïn`me onàt`ne. onàt`ne. (Jeatd8
^EKEBEA^ d JYPGKD, 9333).
4.?.9. 4.? .9.
]roa roasds sdstdr tdr`j`n `j`noìî oìîe e O troasdstdr`j`noìîe tr oasdstdr`j`noìîe à ubo ubo rdoìîe md ub àstdr ne neb b ub ïkneek jerboame eutre
àstdr d eutre ïkneek (J`luro 4). Dsto rdoìîe pemd sdr notok`somo per ïn`mes eu per iosds. ios ds. Sor Soro o eitdr eitdr ieas ieas rda rdam`b m`bdat dates es ads adsto to rdo rdoìîe ìîe pem pemd-s d-sd d ut` ut`k`z k`zor or ïkn ïkneek eek db dxndsse, eu datîe rdbevdr ub mes premutes mo rdoìîe ã bdm`mo qud dkd sd jerbo, poro qud mdsto boad`ro e dqu`kâir`e sdho mdskenome poro e sdat`me mo jerboìîe me premut pre mute e d enerro enerro neb nebpkd pkdte te dsl dsleto etobda bdate te mes rdo rdolda ldatds tds (BE (BEYY@ YY@^EA ^EA d IEP IEPM, M, ?00>).
J`luro 4. Ydoìîe ldrok8 ]roasdstdr`j`noìîe.
Es àstdrds noriexâk`nes pemdb sejrdr g`mrþk`sd, neb jerboìîe md ub ïn`me noriexâk`ne d ub ïkneek eu ub jdaek, nose sdhob oqudn`mes db bd`e oquese ïn`me eu iïs`ne (BEYY@^EA d IEPM, ?00>). Ao g`mr g`mrþk þk`s `sd d iï iïs` s`no no,, e ïn ïn`m `me e nori noriex exâkâk`n `ne e à ei eit`m t`me e se sei i o jerb jerbo o me sd sdu u rdspdnt`ve sok. Ae nose md sd usor AoEG, e sok jerbome à ub sok md sþm`e me ïn`me. O J`luro 4.? dxdbpk`j`no o g`mrþk`sd iïs`no md ub àstdr md jerbo `rrdvdrsâvdk, `rrdvdrsâvdk, perqud e âea noriex`kote jerbome à peune rdot`ve poro rdoìôds ?3 neb okneþ`s. Dsto g`mrþk`sd sd mï otrovàs md ub otoqud aunkdejâk`ne, eamd e rdoldatd aunkdejâk`ne, EG (rdoldatd jertdbdatd iïs`ne, r`ne db dkàtreas, qud tdamd o otonor ub aønkde md norieae), otono e norieae mo noriea`ko (N2E) k`loame-sd o dkd, jerboame ub `atdrbdm`ïr`e tdtroàmr`ne qud dxpdkd e âea oknþx`me (Y„E -). Opþs o dxpuksîe mdstd, e g`mrelèa`e mo g`mrex`ko k`lomo oe norieae mo noriea`ko troasjdrd dkàtreas poro e ex`lèa`e j`noame neb mdj`n`èan`o md dkàtreas d k`loame-sd oe âea oknþx`me jerboame ub ïkneek. ]ok bdnoa`sbe à dv`mdan`ome ao J`luro 4.9 (BEYY@^EA d IEPM, ?00> d ^EKEBEA^ d JYPGKD, 9333).
J`luro 4.?. Ydoìîe mo g`mrþk`sd g`mrþk`sd iïs`ne.(Jeatd iïs`ne.(Jeatd88 BEYY@^EA d IEPM, ?00> ?00>). ).
J`luro 4.9. Bdnoa`sbe mo g`mrþk`sd iïs`no. (Jeatd8 BEYY@^EA d IEP IEPM, M, ?00>).
Eutre Eut re t`pe t`pe md g`mrþk g`mrþk`sd `sd sejr` sejr`mo mo pdk pdkes es àstdrd àstdrdss à o ïn` ïn`mo, mo, dsto rdv rdvdrs drsâvd âvdk,k, eisdrvomo ao J`luro 4.> Adstd nose e ïn`me old preteaoame e ex`lèa`e norieaâk`ne teraoame e norieae mo noriea`ko susndtâvdk oe otoqud aunkdejâk`ne mo ïluo. Nebe
enerr`me ao g`mrþk`sd iïs`no, o nk`voldb sd mï ae norieae mo noriea`ko noriea`ko (J`luro 4.=) d gï jerboìîe md `atdrbdm`ïr`es tdtroàmr`nes (BEYY@^EA d IEPM, ?00>).
J`luro 4.>. G`mrþk`sd ïn`mo. ïn`mo. (Jeatd8 BEYY@^EA d IEPM, ?00>).
J`luro 4.=. N`sîe ae norieae norieae mo norie noriea`ko. a`ko. (Jeatd8 BEYY@^EA d IEP IEPM, M, ?00>).
4.9.
Sek`bdr`zo Sek`bdr`zoìîe ìîe qud kdvo ã jerboìîe jerboìîe me SD] Os rdoìôds qud kdvob ã jerboìîe mes pkïst`nes sîe ngobomos
pek`bdr`zoìôds. O pek`bdr`zoìîe à ubo troasjerboìîe quâb`no ao quo`s bekànukos pdqudaos, mdaeb`aomes beaýbdres, huatob-sd poro jerbor bekànukos l`loatds, os bonrebekànukos. Soro qud dsso rdoìîe oneatdìo à adndssïr`e qud es nebpestes md port`mo, es beaý beaýbd bdre res, s, pess pessuo uob b ae bâ bâa` a`be be ju juan an`e `eao aok`k`mo momd md `l `luo uokk o me me`s `s,, eu sd sdho ho,, o quoat`momd me aøbdre md peates rdot`ves prdsdatds db ubo bekànuko `luok o me`s. Nebe `kustromo ao J`luro ?, o pek`bdr`zoìîe neas`std db ub neahuate md rdoìôds db qud es beaýbdres rdoldb datrd s`, jerboame bonrebekànukos neb dkdvomo bosso bekdnukor. Md onerme neb Md Soek` (9337), e bdnoa`sbe md pek`bdr`zoìîe à jerbome db > dtopos8 ^dame o pr`bd`ro o `a`n`oìîe, qud per `atdrbàm`e mo ut`k`zoìîe md `a`n`omerds tàrb`nes qud, oe sd mdnebper, er`l`aob es rom`no`s. E rom`nok otono o k`loìî k`loìîe e mup mupko ko me beaýbd beaýbdre re jozdam jozdame e neb qud e nda ndatre tre ot` ot`ve ve sdh sdho o tro troasj asjdr` dr`me, me, er`l`aoame o pek`bdr`zoìîe qud enerrd otrovàs me noker6 O sdluamo dtopo à o
prepoloìîe, qud sd mï per bd`e mo troasjdrèan`o me ndatre ot`ve md beaýbdre o beaýbdre, otrovàs me nrdsn`bdate mo nomd`o o ubo okto vdken`momd d io`xo dadrl`o dadrl`o md ot`voìîe6 d o tdrnd`ro dtopo qud à e tàrb`ae, eamd enerrd bdm`oatd e nrdsn`bdate mo nomd`o d e mdsopordn`bdate me ndatre ot`ve.
4.>.
Yetos poro eitdaìîe eitdaìîe me ïn`me tdrdjtïk`n tdrdjtïk`ne e E ïn`me tdrdjtïk`ne à aerbokbdatd s`atdt`zome o port`r mo ex`moìîe notokât`no
me p-x` p-x`kd kdae ae,, neb neb ne neam am`ì `ìôd ôdss md rd rdoì oìôd ôdss opre oprex` x`bo bomo mobd bdat atd d 93 933 3 ³N d ?4 otb, otb, ldro ld rokb kbda datd td,, ut ut`k`k`z `zoa oame me on ondt dtot ote e md ne neio iokte kte preb prebev ev`m `me e pe perr Ao AoIr Ir eu GIr GIr ne nebe be noto no tok`k`so some merr db ub bd`e bd`e md ïn`m ïn`me e onàt onàt`n `ne. e. Ao ne neav avdr drsî sîe e me p-x` p-x`kd kdae ae o ïn ïn`m `me e tdrdjtïk`ne, me`s lrupes bdt`k sîe ex`momes o me`s lrupes noriex`k, d ub lroamd aøbdre aøb dre md `atdrb `atdrbdm` dm`ïr` ïr`es es tèb s`m s`me e `mdat` `mdat`j`n j`nome omes, s, nebe nebe bes bestro trome me ao J`lur J`luro o : (IYPOA] dt ok. ?0?): gttp8//mx.me`.erl/?3.?339/(^@N@)?30< -=:97(?00?):>84;
[email protected]>84;
[email protected]. Ondsse db8 ?0/37/9?.
SO^ O^XT XTA, A, M.6 ^SP SPNG NGOH OH,,
]. Ngd Ngdb` b`no nokk
Ydny Ydnyny nyk` k`a al
ej Seky eky
(dtg (dtgyk ykda dadd
tdrdpgtgokotd). @amustr`ok @amustr`ok oa.D oa.Dalda aldaddr`a ddr`al l Ngdb`stry Ngdb`stry Ydsd Ydsdorng orng.. Zek.>: ek.>:,, ?00< ?00-?>7>. Yebîe, \.6 ^p`aonà, B. O. ^. & Md Soek`, B. O. - Sekâbdres, ?0, p.?9? (9330). M`sp`a`vdk db8 ; gttp8//mx.me`.erl/?3.?403/^3?3=-?=9793303339333 gttp8//mx.me`.erl/?3.?403/^3?3=-?=9793303339333301. 301. Ondsse db8 ?0/37/9?. YE^B YE ^BOA OA@A @AGE GE,, B. L. ]ro ]roas asje jerb rboa oame me md mdhd hdte tess md SD SD] ] db bo botd tdr` r`o` o`ss md
`bpertéan`o tdnaekþl`no. Idke Ger`zeatd, BL, 9334. ^@KZO, N. ]. Ovok`oìîe md bdtemekel`o md eitdaìîe me ïn`me tdrdjtïk`ne v`o
rdn`nkoldb quâb`no me pdt. 93?9, 0:p. M`ssdrtoìîe md Bdstrome, Ta`vdrs`momd Jdmd Jd mdro rokk me Y`e Y`e md Ho Hoad ad`re `re,, Sr Srel elro robo bo md Sþs Sþs Lr Lrom omuo uoìî ìîe e db ]dn dnae aeke kel` l`o o md Srendsses _uâb`nes d I`equâb`nes. ^EKEBEA^, ]. \. L.6 JYPGKD, N.I.6 _uâb`no Erléa`no 9, >=->=3, 9337. M`speaâvdk db8 ; gttps8//me`.erl/?3.?403/^3?3=-?=979337333= gttps8//me`.erl/?3.?403/^3?3 =-?=979337333=333?> 333?> 1. Ondsse db8 9>/37/939?.
