Related Literature

Related literature the data gathered from local and foreign literature related to this study helped the proponent to have adequate background information, insights and other research result enrichment of the present study.

LOCAL LITERATURE

the Philippine international conventions center (PICC) is a convention center in the Philippines . located at the reclaimed area now known as the cultural center of the Philippines (CCP) Complex in Pasay City (a manila suburb). This-state-of-the-art –facility has been the host of numerous local and foreign conventions, meetings, fairs and social events.

On the presence of the PICC, Manila has always been tagged as a “CONVENTION CITY”. PICC is also the home of the Vice President of the Philippines. Presidential Decree No. 520 authorized the Central Bank of the Philippines (now BANGKO SENTRAL NG PILIPINAS) to construct a international conference building. Acquire a suitable area for that purpose, and organize an corporation to manage a conference center. Thus, the PICC was organized under the Corporation Code.

The construction of the state of the art PICC Complex was under taken in a short span of 23 months, From November 1974 to September 1079, with Leonardo Locsin as Architect , who subsequently named as a National Artist

The PICC is dedicated to the task of bringing people and nations together and providing a place where they can meet and exchange Ideas that may perhaps open doors to better world understanding and peace. As a venue of meetings, events, it caters to organizers of international, regional Asian Pacific, and local events by providing highly advance conferencing equipment and facilities and most importantly, friendly, efficient and professional services. the convention center features 35mm slide projector, Amplifier conference pads, pencils, pens, equalizers, flags, flipchart with white boards, PA monitor, VHS player multisystem, Video camera – CCTV type, laser pointers, follow spotlight, lapel microphone, stand microphone, table microphone, wireless microphones and whiteboards.

The PICC’s newly acquired conferencing equipment are AMX integrated remote control system on motorized lectern, Motorized lecterns with light and timers, Visual presenter(opaque and transparency projector), 67’’ Video Data Rear Projection Monitor, Wireless infrared Simultaneous Interpretation(SI), Portable Interpreters Booth, Slide to Video Converters, Conference Microphone System with Microphone System With Chairman’s microphone. Voting and Audience Interaction System and Touch Screen Multi-media kiosk. ANALYSIS The Philippines International Convention Center (PICC) is the first convention center (RCC) is a big help for improving the present project. Advance equipment use, executive look of the interior, and maximizing of the spaces will be applied to the proponents’ project. The accommodation style of the PICC in the in various types of gathering having enough space shall be one of the ideas used by the proponent. It will give the Regional Convention Center an executive look.

Local Literature 2

The site where the convention center now stands was actually intended for a sports complex dubbed as the Cebu Mega dome. A contest was held for its design and the winning entry was the “spinning disc” by the Architect Alexus Medalla. The project however was stalled after some members of the provincial board opposed it. In the late 2005, Philippines President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo decoded that the province would host the 12 th ASEAN SUMMIT and 2nd EAST ASIAN SUMMIT in December 2006, which was later on the moved to January 12-15, 2007 due to Typhoon Utor. The Philippines was supposed to host the twin summits on December 2007 yet Myanmar, the original Host for 2006, backed out. Since the province lacked a standalone convention center with complete facilities for a prestigious international gathering as big as the ASEAN Summit, Cebu Governor Gwendolyn Garcia revived the megadome project but with the design revised as convention center instead of a arena. The external structure would still be that of a “ spinning disc” A few weeks after though, a new design came up and eventually considered since it was cheaper and easier to build (granting that it was smaller in size too) considering the time constraint that the Cebu Provincial Government was running to. Construction for the substructure began on April 2006 and work on the superstructure itself which was entirely made up of structural steel, glass and aluminium cladding began three months sometime late November and was officially inaugurated on December 6, 2006. ANALYSIS The materials used for the Cebu International Convention Center may be adopted by the proponent Regional Convention Center of Sorsogon. The Structural Steel, glass, and aluminium Cladding are good materials for such structure.

Los Angeles, the city of angels , has many distinctions; the entertainment capital of the world, a cultural Mecca boasting over 300 museum 300 museums and hundreds of distinc ethic communities , a paradise of perfect weather and one of the most largest economies. Above all, Los Angeles is a city of opportunities where dreams come true and the world comes together.

The LA convention center is one of the key contributors to the economic and cultural vitality of Los Angeles. As one of the most technological and architecturally advanced, pleasing and functionally superb venues in the world, a meeting for 10 persons to a formal banquet for 7000 people. Exhibit halls with 18 ft. high ceiling, large meeting rooms with a state of the art equipment, banquet halls and suite rooms. A worl class catering services which offer international cuisines and health conscious menus, Also, it has a wide space for parking

The structural design of LA convention center is modernizes architecture that usaes glass, cladding system and steel frames. ANALYSIS : The LA Convention Center Facility is a Large enough for accommodating different kinds of gathering. Large space is provided for the parking. LA Convention Center has the

excellent site located in the prime down town location that gives a advantage to the convention center.

RECOMMENDATIONS The LA Convention Center contributed ideas on the proponent’s study of the Regional Convention Center in Sorsogon City. It gave awareness as to the requirements and spaces architecturally needed fro the building structural feature and design which contributed to the study excellent ideas to be used.

FOREIGN LITERATURE 2

In the rapidly growing world of convention and exposition centers, bigger is usually better—for exhibitors, Attendees and local economies alike. The explosive rise in “big box” facilities across the U.S.A and throughout the world attests to the boom of business. Lighting and control systems for these mega facility both presents unique set of challenges, not only from the architectural and design standpoints, but also for the staff that must operate and maintain these centers through dozens or hundreds of different events each year. The Orange Country Convention Center (OOOC) comprised of two building connected by a covered pedestrian walkway, the Center Offers 2.1 million square feet of exhibition space, and approximately 4.9 million additional square feet dedicated to meeting rooms, Lobbies and support spaces, making the OCCC the second largest convention center in the country. While able to house even the most demanding trade shows. The Center’s lighting is configurable through ten exhibit halls that can be set up as contiguous or discrete spaces through an array of automated partitions. This fallows the facility to quickly customize itself for more intimate events such as lectures, pageants performance and graduations, all of which can, and often do, run simultaneously. The challenge to design a lighting scheme with the versatility that OCCC’s new North/South Building required which designed a system that could provide optimum flexibility for the Center’s partitioning abilities, and would also utilize the abundant Florida sunshine to its best effect. The lutron solution allows the Center to execute configuration change with speed and simplicity. The Lutron lighting system has been tied via

automation to various “ typical” configurations that the facility uses, but manual control is also available at the touch of the button for on-the –fly modification ANALYSIS The Orange Country Convention Center (OCCC) in Orlando, Florida, demonstrates the fusion of technology and design elements that make state-of-the-art convention centers possible. The sheer scale of the OCCC’s North/South Building project necessitated fresh thinking about how much an elaborate system could be controlled, and lutron rose to challenge with implementation of its GRAFIK 7000 lighting control system throughout the facility. The Luctron solution allows the Center to execute configuration changes with speed and simplicity anywhere in the building, or even remotely, from telephone.

RECOMMENDATION the Orange County Convention Center contributed some ideas in the proponents project; particularly about the lighting system of the facility, a more advanced lighting in their country. The proponent adapted the idea of having lighting in their country. The proponent adapted the idea of having a lighting that is controlled by one system but not as high-tech as the said lighting system of the Orange County Convention Center.

FOREIGN LITERATURE

the Pennsylvania Convention Ceter has been open for more than ten years and plans are now underway for a major expansion designed by TVS. The process began in the 1983 when TVS. Helped win a competition for the new convention center and hotel, led by the development arm of Reading Railroad. The ownership evolved from private to public- the Pennsylvania Convention Center Authority led by Willard Rouse- and in the 1988 design work began. Construction of the exhibition halls was completed in 1993 followed a year by the opening of train shed.

TVS was asked to perform one of its primary strengths is transforming blight pocket of downtown Philadelphia by creating a economic engine in the form of world-class Convention center. The Challenge to TVS design team was twofold

First, they had to places their design in a tight heavily urbanized space right in the center of downtown. Clear Glass and day Light provide transparency and friendly faces to building’s urban context. Secondly, preservation of the historical and aesthetic qualities of Philadelphia’s downtown was essential to the design of the project. The facility is made up of two district, but functionally integrated elements an exhibition building comprising totally new construction. The Exhibition Building and the major support and services for the facility. In addition the project also includes the adaptive reuse of the historic reading railroad Training Shed. Built in 1893 which was renovated as a vital part of the convention facility. The renovation train shed includes the grand Ballroom, one thirds of the project’s meeting rooms and majestic, 50,000square-foot grand hall which preserves the full 90-foot height and 260-foot width of original shed structure. Among the major design challenges was the preservation of the 90 foot high 260 foot wide volume of the 1893 Train shed which is the last three hinged wrought iron trussed train shed in the UNITED STATES. It was a critical design reveal as much as possible of the land mark structure while also housing a large percentage of the required building space. In the order to meet both these objectives, half the train shed was preserve in its entire volume and became the Grand Hall, the major entry to the center. The other half was a occupied by meeting rooms and the 33,000 square foot ballroom. Throughout the design process, TVS met with the Philadelphia Art Commission, the historical boards of the city and states, as well as numerous neighbourhood groups. Work sessions were also conducted with perspective user groups-trade show and professional organizations - to solicit their input for the design. Many of the comments receive were focus in improving the streetscape and pedestrian experience. All of these work sessions were extremely fruitful in guiding and enhancing the final design.

Before opening the Pennsylvania Convention Center was anticipated to produce 4000 new jobs: Nearly $150 million in annual wage and salary income and visitors to the regions was expected to approximately $275 million in new year after ten years of full operation throughout the past ten years these goals have been meet and the center has helped spark the development and more than 3,000 new hotel rooms and associated retail facilities. The facility also promotes area artists by exhibiting more than 100 works in the center’s public spaces. A hostility Education and training program is also operated out of the center in conjunction with Philadelphia area schools and nonprofits community organization.

According to the land institute, “The Pennsylvania Convention Center has energized its downtown its downtown neighbourhood and brought Philadelphia back major player in the tourism and Hostility market. A player in the tourism and hospitality market. A central downtown location and a design that opens to the streets and blends with its surroundings distinguished this from most other major convention centers. Moore than a successful convention center, it is also premier civic space, a destination in its own right” Unlike many large convention centers, which are massive boxes whose appearance and presence overwhelms is surround its surrounding, the Pennsylvania convention center uses adequate scaling and massing along materials common to area in an effort to weave the building to its surroundings. At street level the concourse wraps around three of the exhibition building with meeting and retail components to enliven and encourage interaction at street level. Patterned brick walkways framed by tress and platters anchor the building into its urban setting. The Train Shed, which was in a state of disrepair, was restored as one of the city’s treasure cultural landmarks. This restoration sparked similar efforts in the surrounding neighbourhood as well. The reading terminal head house was renovated into a retail/commercial center and hotel. The head house serves as the new entrance to the convention center and links it to a new 12oo-room hotel, the city’s largest mall, regional rail leading to the airport and the downtown public transportation hub. Also refurbished was the 150-year-old reading terminal market the feature ethnic foods and large farmers’ market , located under the train shed of the street. ANALYSIS The community of the Philadelphia and surrounding areas has the Pennsylvania Convention center and see it as a catalyst for positive change for many reasons. Architecturally the space was woven into the urban fabric of the city instead of overwhelming its surrounding. In addition the project preserves and restored historical buildings while giving them new functions. This success has leaded the community to support major expansion in an effort to continually reap the economic industry. In addition the adaptive reuse of the train shed reduced the amount of required building footprint for s new exhibition buildings and preserve the grandeur of the last remaining free-span arc train shed in the country. Windows in the sides and of natural light to filter into the main spaces and reduced the need for artificial lighting during daytime activities and by elevating the exhibit hall in the limited and costintensive area of the urban site.

RECOMMENDATION

The Pennsylvania Convention Center (PCC) had given the proponent some fresh idea about using the daylight to reduce the usage of the artificial light by using a skylight. The PCC not only improved the structure but also outside the structure but also outside the structure was redecorated, the street and pedestrian. This facility has fostered the continued revitalization of a distinct that had fallen behind other areas of the city in the pace of growth and redevelopment.