Regulasi Komunikasi Efektif

 

ANB\EXNG \@XNVPXNG FEX@KVPX XPBNJ _NKEV  NKN B@FEKN B@FEKN FCB\@V FJPNI FJPNIN N GC. = V@GVNGD \NGFPNG KCBPGEKN_E @I@KVEI

HNH E F@IEGE_E N. \ ` g d` d` r tete n g _`onrnn ubub, f`iegese kcbugeknse _`onr kcbugeknse nfnanj s`hunj prcs`s p`gynbpneng p`gynbpneng pekerng-peke pekerng-pekerng rng   ntnu egicrbnse fnre s`s`crngd k`pnfn crngd aneg b`anaue suntu onrn t`rt`gtu s`jegddn  s`jegddn  crngd aneg t`rs`hut b`gd`rtete h`tua npn yngd febnksuf ca`j p`gynbpne b`gd`r p`gynbpne pekerng-peke pekerng-pekerng rng  ntnu egicrbnse (Kcbnruffeg, >556; _oj`rb`rjcrg, Jugt & Cshcrg, >556; Kccgtz &  &  T`ejreoj, >5::) Kcbugeknse nfnanj s`hunj prcs`s p`gynbpneng pekerng-pekerng ntnu egicrbnse fnre s`s`crngd k`pnfn crngd aneg b`anaue suntu onrn t`rt`gtu s`jegddn crngd aneg t`rs`hut b`gd`rte h`tua npn yngd febnksuf ca`j p`gynbpneg pekerng-pekerng ntnu egicrbnse. Kcbugeknse fnpnt `i`ktei npnhean p`sng fet`rebn fng feb`gd`rte s`hndnebngn febnksuf ca`j p`gdereb p`sng, p`sng fetegfnkangmute f`gdng s`hunj p`rhuntng ca`j p`g`rebn p`sng fng tefnk nfn jnbhntng jnbhnt ng ugtuk jna etu. Pgtuk snbpne pnfn tnjnp t`rs`hut, t`rs`hut, fep`raukng fep`raukng h`rhndne p`bnjnbng s`p`rte p`bnginntng p`bngi nntng m`ges kcbugeknse kcbugeknse (aesng, tuaesng/v`rh tuaesng/v`rhna, na, gcg-v`rhna), gcg-v`rhna), b`gmnfe p`gf`gdnr p`gf`gdnr yngd hnek (notev`  aest`g`r ), ), nfn nfngyn gyn p`gdjn p`gdjnbhn bhntt prc prcs`s s`s kcbuge kcbugekns knsee (gces` )),, p`beaej p`beaejng ng nant nant p`gynb p`gynbpne pne pekern pekerngg ntnu ntnu egicrbnse yngd t`pnt (ojngg`a  (ojngg`a ), ), fng b`gd`gna b`gd`kspr`sekng p`rnsnng fng `bcse.

H.

Vumung Vumung fnre huku pngfung ege  ege nfnanj s`hndne noung k`pnfn p`tudns rubnj snket b`gd`gne onrn h`rkcbugeknse f`gdng bnsynrnknt, pnse`g fng ntnu k`aunrdn pnse`g, fng ngtnr p`bh`re anyngng s`jegddn t`roeptn k`t`rhuknng fng k`p`ronynng

O.

_nsnrng _nsnrng huku pngfung ege nfnanj s`auruj p`tudns rubnj snket yngd b`ankukng p`anyngng k`pnfn pnse`g fng k`aunrdn, p`gdugmugd fng bnsynrnknt.

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng >

 

HNH EE XPNGD EGDKP\

\nfnn fnsnrg \nf fnsnrgyn, yn, s`t s`tenp enp crngd crngd b`b`ra b`b`raukn ukngg kcbuge kcbugekns knsee s`hndn s`hndnee snanj snanj snt sntuu nant nant hngtu hngtu fnanb fnanb k`angonrng h`k`rmn snbn f`gdng crngd aneg fnanb hefngd npnpug. Kcbugeknse h`rheonrn t`gtngd onrn b`gynbpnekng fng b`g`rebn pekerng-pekerng, egicrbnse, p`rnsnng, fng hnjkng `bcse s`s`crngd, snbpne pnfn tetek t`ronpnegyn p`gd`rteng yngd snbn ngtnrn p`gynbpne p`sng fng p`g`rebn p`sng. Kcbugeknse nfnanj k`t`rnbpeang yngd sngdnt p`gtegd fnanb k`jefupng bngusen, febngn fnpnt ketn aejnt kcbugeknse fnpnt t`rmnfe pnfn s`tenp d`rnk angdknj bngusen. Bngusen nfnanj bnkjauk scsena yngd t`rdngtugd sntu snbn aneg fng bngfere s`rtn snaegd t`rknet f`gdng crngd aneg feaegdkugdnggyn. _ntu-sntugyn nant ugtuk fnpnt h`rjuhugdng f`gdng crngd aneg feaegdkugdnggyn nfnanj kcbugeknse hnek s`onrn v`rhna bnupug gcg v`rhna (hnjnsn tuhuj fng esynrnt yngd hngynk feb`gd`rte ca`j suku hngdsn).

Kcbugeknse `i`ktei fe rubnj snket feankukng feankukng pnfn snnt = 

Kcbugeknse rubnj snket f`gdng bnsynrnknt



Kcbugeknse p`tudns rubnj snket k`pnfn pnse`g fng ntnu k`aunrdn pnse`g



Kcbugeknse `i`ktei fckt`r k`pnfn pnse`g



Kcbugeknse ngtnr p`bh`re p`anyngng fe rubnj rubnj snket



Kcbugeknse ngtnr p`bh`re p`anyngng fe aunr rubnj snket.

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng 8

 

HNH EEE VNVN NK_NGN N. Kc Kcbu buge gekn knse se @i @i`k `kte teii >. \r \rcs` cs`ss kcbuge kcbugekn knse se `i`kt `i`ktei ei Kcbugeknse fekntnkng `i`ktei npnhean t`pnt wnktu, nkurnt, m`ans fng bufnj fepnjnbe ca`j p`g`rebn s`jegddn fnpnt b`gdurngde tegdknt k`snanjng ntnu k`snanjpnjnbng. \rcs`sgyn b`aepute =

n. \`bh`re p`sng s`onrn aesng b`bh`rekng p`sng, s`t`anj etu fetuaeskng s`onrn a`gdknp ese p`sng t`rs`hut ca`j se p`g`rebn p`sng. h. Ese p`sng p`sng fehnonkn fehnonkngg k`bhnae k`bhnae (X`nf (X`nf Hnok) Hnok) s`onrn s`onrn a`gdknp a`gdknp ca`j ca`j p`g`rebn p`g`rebn p`sng. p`sng. o.

\`g`re \`g`rebn bn p`sng p`sng b`gdkc b`gdkcgie gierbn rbnse se ese p`sng p`sng k`pnfn k`pnfn p`bh` p`bh`re re p`sng p`sng

8. Pgs gsur ur K cbu cbuge gekn knse se = n. _ubh`r/kcbu _ubh`r/kcbugekntc gekntcrr (fckt`r, (fckt`r,p`rnwn p`rnwnt,t, nfbessecg,K nfbessecg,Knser, nser,faa) faa) h. Ese p`sng o.

B`fen/ B`fen/sna snaurn urngg (@a`ktr (@a`ktrcge cgeo,A o,Aesn esng,fn g,fngg Vuaes Vuaesng) ng)

f. \`g`rebn/kc \`g`rebn/kcbugekng bugekng (pnse`g, (pnse`g, k`aunrdn k`aunrdn pnse`g, pnse`g, p`rnwnt p`rnwnt,, fckt`r, fckt`r, Nfbessecg) Nfbessecg) ?. _u _ubh bh`r `r/k /kcb cbug ugek eknt ntcr cr = _u _ubh bh`r `r (y (yng ngdd b`gy b`gynb nbpn pnek ekng ng eg egic icrb rbns nse) e)== nf nfna nanj nj crng crngdd yn yngd gd b`gy b`gynb nbpn pnek ekng ng ese p`rgyntnnggyn k`pnfn p`g`rebn. Jna-jna yngd b`gmnfe tngddugd mnwnh p`gdereb p`sng nfnanj b`gdereb b`gde reb p`sng f`gdng f`gdng m`ans, b`beaej b`fen yngd s`sune, s`sune, fng b`begtn k`m`ansng npnknj p`sng t`rs`hut sufnj fe t`rebn f`gdng hnek. (kcgsea k`fckt`rng Egfcg`sen, jna.:) Kcbugekntcr yngd hnek nfnanj kcbugekntcr yngd b`gdunsne bnt`re, p`gd`tnjunggyn auns fng fnanb t`gtngd egicrbnse yngd yngd fesnbpnekng, onrn h`rheonrngyn gyn m`ans fng b`gmnfe p`gf`gdnr yngd hnek snnt fekcgierbnse ca`j se p`g`rebn p`sng (kcbugekng). 6. Ese Ese p`sng p`sng (npn (npn yn yngd gd fesn fesnbpn bpnenk enkng ng ) = ) = \ngmngd p`gf`kgyn, k`a`gdknpnggyn p`rau fes`sunekng f`gdng tumung kcbugeknse, b`fen p`gynbpneng fng p`g`rebn kcbugeknse. 0. B`f `fen en kcbu kcbuge gekn knse se = B`fen h`rp`rng h`rp`rng s`hndne s`hndne mnang ntnu snaurng yngd h`rese p`rgyntn p`rgyntnng ng yngd fesnbpnekng fesnbpnekng p`gdereb p`gder eb ntnu ubpng hnaek yngd fesnbpnekng fesnbpnekng p`g`rebn. H`retn fnpnt h`rupn h`retn aesng, t`rtuaes, t`rtuaes, ntnu k`fungyn s`knaedus. s`knaedus. \nfn k`s`bpntng k`s`bpntng t`rt`gtu, t`rt`gtu, b`fen fnpnt tefnk fedugnkng ca`j p`gder p`gdereb eb

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng ?

 

ynetu snnt kcbugeknse h`rangdsugd ntnu tntnp bukn f`gdng `i`k yngd bugdkeg t`rmnfe h`rupn p`ruhnjng seknp. (kcgsea k`fckt`rng Egfcg`sen, jna.:). B`fen yngd fnpnt fedugnkng ngtnrn aneg t`a`pcg, b`gddugnkng a`bhnr aepnt, huka`t, vof, jngfpjcg` , k`rtns, faa. 9 . \` g ` r e bn = \`g`rebn h`riugdse s`hndne p`g`rebn h`retn. Fnanb kcbugeknse, p`rng p`gdereb fng p`g`rebn h`rdngteng s`pngmngd p`bheonrnng. Vngddugd mnwnh p`g`rebn nfnanj h`rkcgs`gtrnse ugtuk b`g`rebn b`g`rebn p`sng f`gdng hnek fng b`bh`rekng b`bh`rekng ubpng hnaek k`pnfn p`gdereb. p`gdereb. Pbpng hnaek sngdnt p`gtegd s`jegddn prcs`s kcbugknse h`rangdsugd fun nrnj. (kcgsea k`fckt`rng Egfcg`sen, jna.:). \` \`bh bh`r `re/e/kc kcbu buge gekn kntc tcrr yn yngd gd hn hnek ek nf nfnan nanjj pn pnfn fn sn snnt nt b`ank b`ankuk ukng ng pr prcs cs`s `s ubpn ubpngg hn hnaek aek,, fep`raukng k`bnbpung fnanb jna-jna h`rekut (kcgsea k`fckt`rng Egfcg`sen, jna 68)= n. Onrn nrn h` h`rh rheo eonr nrnn (tnakegd), t`rbnsuk onrn h`rtngyn (knpng b`gddugnkng p`rtngynng t`rtutup fng knpng b`bnkne p`rtngynng t`rhukn), b`gm`anskng, kanreieknse, pnrnpjrns`, egtcgnse. h. B`gf`gdnr (aest`gegd), (aest`gegd), t`rbnsuk  t`rbnsuk b`bctcgd knaebnt. o.

Onrn b`gdnbnte (chs`rvntecg)   ndnr ndnr fnp fnpnt nt b`bnjn b`bnjnbe be yngd yngd t`r t`rser sernt nt fe hnaek hnaek yngd yngd t`r t`rsur surnt nt (hnjnsn gcg v`rhna fe hnaek ugdknpng kntn/knaebntgyn, d`rnk tuhuj).

f. B`gm B`gmnd ndnn se sekn knpp s` s`an anbn bn h`rk h`rkcb cbug ugek ekns nsee f`gd f`gdng ng kc kcbu buge gekn kngg (hnj (hnjns nsnn tu tuhu huj) j) ndnr ndnr tetefn fnkk b`gddngdu kcbugeknse, besnagyn knr`gn kcbugekng k`aeru b`gdnrtekng d`rnk tuhuj, rnut tuhuj, rnut bukn, fng seknp kcbugekntcr. 4. _ei einnt kcb kcbug ugek ekns nsee = Kcbuge Kcb ugekns knsee fnpnt fnpnt h`rsei h`rseint nt egi egicrb crbnse nse (nsujn (nsujng) g) fng `fukns `fuknsee (p`any (p`anyngn ngngg prcbcs prcbcse). e). Kcbugeknse yngd h`rseint egicrbnse / nsujng fe rubnj snket b`aepute mnb p`anyngng, p`anyngng yngd t`rs`fen, onrn b`gfnpntkng p`anyngng, subh`r nat`rgntei b`gd`gne nsujng fng p`anyngng yngd feh`rekng k`tekn k`hutujng nsujng pnse`g b`a`heje k`bnbpung rubnj snket. Nks`s egicrbnse ege fnpnt fep`rca`j b`anaue oustcb`r s`rveo`, Nfbessecg fng w`hset`. Kcbugeknse yngd h`rseint `fuknse b`aepute `fuknse t`gtngd p`gynket, chnt, deze, iesect`rnpe, hebhegdng rcjnge fng aneg-aneg. Nks`s ugtuk b`gfnpntkng `fuknse ege fnpnt fep`rca`j b`anaue `fukntcr fnre fesepaeg kaeges t`rknet yngd nkng fet`rngdkng a`hej angmut fnanb p`fcbng \rcbcse K`s`jntng Xubnj _nket (\KX_).

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng 6

 

:. Hn Hndn dngg kcbu kcbuge gekn knse se `i` `i`kt ktei ei = = Kcbugekntcr

Ese p`sng (Kcbugekntcr)

Vuaes/V (Kcbugekng)

Hnon/H (Kcbugekng)

Kcbugekntcr = ‑Un, H`gnr ‑

Kcgierbnse/K = ‑Mnfe ese p`snggyn ege yn, \nk3‒ (Kcbugekng)

  Pgtuk b`gdjegfnr b`gdjegfnree k`snanjng fnanb b`gd`mn b`gd`mn suntu gnbn chnt ntnu jna aneg, p`tudns tefnk jngyn b`gd`mn juruigyn gnbug b`gy`hut kcf` f`gdng jurui p`rtnbn kntn yngd febnksuf s`hndne jurui yngd fetumu, fnitnr kntn yngd fedugnkng ugtuk b`gd`mn t`rs`hut fe hnwnj ege =

JPXPI  N H O F @ I D J E M K A B G C \ ^ X _ V P Y T Z U ]

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

\NFNGNG

V@ @ JCGU

Nain Hrnvc Ojnrae` F`atn @ojc Icx Dcai Jct`a Egfcg`sen Muae`t Keac Aebn Bek` Gcv`bh`r   Csonr   \npn ^u``g Xcb`c _e`rrn Vngdc Pgeicrb Yeotcr   Tjesk`y Z-rny Ungk`` ]uau

H`tn

@sn Dnbn

Bnr`t

_nturgus Prngus Tegfcws Uupet`r ]crrc

 

Jnanbng 0

 

Kcbugeknse `i`ktei fe rubnj snket feankukng pnfn snnt = n. Kcbuge Kcbugekns knsee rubnj rubnj snk snketet ff`gd `gdng ng bnsy bnsynrn nrnknt knt h. Kcbugeknse Kcbugeknse p`tudns p`tudns rubnj rubnj snket snket k`pnfn k`pnfn pnse`g fng ntnu ntnu k`aunrd k`aunrdnn pnse`g pnse`g o.

Kcbuge Kcbugekns knsee `i`kte `i`kteii fckt`r fckt`r k`pnfn k`pnfn pnse`g pnse`g

f. Kcbuge Kcbugekns knsee ngtnr ngtnr p`bh`r p`bh`ree p`anyn p`anyngng gng fe rubnj rubnj snket snket `. Kcbuge Kcbugekns knsee ngtnr ngtnr p`bh`re p`bh`re p`any p`anyngn ngngg fe aunr aunr rubnj rubnj snket snket H.

Kcbugeknse p`tudns rubnj snket k`pnfn pnse`g fng ntnu k`aunrdn pnse`g _`aneg _`a neg kcbuge kcbugekns knsee yngd yngd feankuk feankukng ng rub rubnj nj snket snket k`pnfn k`pnfn bnsynr bnsynrnkn nknt, t, kcbuge kcbugekns knsee `i`kte `i`ktei  i  feankukng fefnanb rubnj snket snanj sntugyn nfnanj kcbugeknse ngtnrn p`tudns rubnj snket f`gdng pnse`g fng ntnu k`aunrdn k`aunrdn pnse`g. _nanj sntu tumunggyn nfnanj ugtuk b`bhngdug b`bhngdug kcbugeknse kcbugeknse yngd t`rhukn fng t`rp`ronyn ngtnrn pnse`g fng ntnu k`aunrdn f`gdng rubnj snket \nse`g fng k`aunrdn k`aunrdn b`bhutujkng b`bhutujkng egicrbnse a`gdknp a`gdknp b`gd`gne nsujng fng p`anyngng p`anyngng yngd fetnwnrkng ca`j rubnj snket, s`rtn hndnebngn ugtuk b`gdnks`s p`anyngng t`rs`hut. Egicrbnse t`rs`hut b`bhngtu b`gocockkng jnrnpng pnse`g f`gdng k`bnbpung rubnj snket ugtuk b`b`guje jnrnpngg t`rs`hut. jnrnpn t`rs`hut. Egicrbnse t`gtngd subh`r nat`rgntei nat`rgntei ugtuk nsujng fng p`anyngng feh`rekng hean k`hutujng nsujng fe aunr bese fng k`bnbpung rubnj snket. Fnanb jna ege p`tudns mudn jnrus b`bp`rjntekn b`bp`r jntekngg onrn h`rkcbugeknse h`rkcbugeknse fng hesn b`g`gtukng b`g`gtukng hnjnsn hnjnsn npn yngd jnrus fedugnkng k`pnfn pnse`g fng ntnu k`aunrdn knr`gn k`bnbpung s`tenp crngd h`rh`fn ‟ h`fn. Xubnj _nket Xubnj _`jnt V`rpnfu Fcbp`t Fjunin b`beaeke prcs`s febngn s`tenp pnse`g fng k`aunrdn feh`re egicrbnse t`gtngd nsujng fng p`anyngng feh`rekng ca`j rubnj snket f`gdng onrn b`bh`rekng egicrbnse p`anyngng s`onrn t`rtuaes yngd k`bugdkegng nkng feankukng t`rjnfnp fere pnse`g, egicrbnse t`rs`hut feankukng pnfn snnt prcs`s nfbese. \nfn snnt pnse`g b`gdese a`bhnr p`rgyntnng p`rs`tumung ugtuk fernwnt fe rubnj snket, p`tudns b`gdegicrbnsekng s`dnan jna yngd h`rjuhugdng f`gdng p`anyngng t`rutnbn yngd nfn pnfn a`bhnr p`rs`tumung t`rs`hut. _`aneg etu p`tudns mudn b`gdegicrbnsekng k`pnfn pnse`g fng k`aunrdn hndnebngn onrn ugtuk b`gdnks`s p`anyngng t`rs`hut. Egicrbnse fnpnt fesnbpnekng rubnj snket b`anaue p`tudns rubnj snket yngdd angdsu yng angdsugd gd k`pnfn k`pnfn pnse`g pnse`g fng k`a k`aunr unrdn, dn, s`jegd s`jegddn dn p`tudn p`tudnss jnrus jnrus b`bnjn b`bnjnbe be fng b`gdun b`gdunse se egicrbnse t`rs`hut. Anyngng fnpnt fenks`s f`gdng b`ankukng prcs`fur yngd nfn fng h`ranku. Mudn fnpnt b`bh`rekng a`nia`t k`pnfn s`tenp pnse`g fng k`aunrdn. Mekn rubnj snket tefnk hesn b`gy`fenkng nsujng fng p`anyngng yngd fek`j`gfnke pnse`g ntnu yngd tefnk fnpnt feanynge fe rubnj snket, bnkn rubnj snket b`gynbpnekng egicrbnse t`gtngd subh`r  nat`gntei hnde nsujng fng p`anyngng aneg. Hngynk prcs`s kcbugeknse yngd feankukng ca`j p`tudns k`pnfn pnse`g fng ntnu k`aunrdn pnse`g s`aneg h`h`rnpn ocgtcj fentns, besnagyn nfnanj k`tekn =

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng 9

 

>. \`tudn \`tudnss p`gfnit p`gfnitnrn nrngg b`an b`ankuk kukng ng prcs`s prcs`s p`gfn p`gfnitn itnrng rng 8. \rcs`s \rcs`s p`gdk p`gdknmen nmengg pnse`g pnse`g yngd yngd feankuk feankukng ng ca`j ca`j p`rnwnt p`rnwnt ?. \`tudn \`tudnss b`bh b`bh`re `rekng kng p`gm`a p`gm`ansn nsngg b`gd` b`gd`gne gne Egicrb`f Ocgs`gt  6. \`tudn \`tudnss b`anku b`ankukng kng `fukn `fuknse se t`rjnf t`rjnfnp np pnse`g pnse`g puan puangd gd 0. \`tudn \`tudnss b`gm` b`gm`ans anskng kng t`rk t`rknet net p`gynk p`gynketet pnse` pnse`gg Kcbugeknse ngtnrn rubnj snket f`gdng pnse`g tefnk jngyn b`anaue aesng snmn, sufnj fes`hutkng fentns hnjwn rubnj snket b`gddugnkng h`h`rnpn b`fen kcbugeknse s`onrn t`rtuaes. Jna t`rs`hut b`gugtut rubnj snket ugtuk b`bhunt b`fen egicrbnse yngd bufnj fepnjnbe ca`j senpnpug b`gdegdnt pnse`g fng k`aunrdngyn t`rfere fnre h`rhndne bnonb knangdng. _`t`anj nfngyn p`gynbpneng egicrbnse p`tudnss b`anku p`tudn b`ankukng kng v`reieknse v`reieknse t`rjnfnp egicrbnse yngd sufnj fesnbpnekng, fesnbpnekng, fnre prcs`s t`rs`hut t`rs`hut fnpnt fek`tnjue npnknj pnse`g fng k`aunrdn fnpnt b`g`rebn f`gdng m`ans egicrbnse yngd sufnj fesnbpnekng ca`j p`tudns. Onrn p`gynbpneng egicrbnse k`pnfn pnse`g fng k`aunrdn fnpnt feankukng s`sune f`gdng jnsea p`gdknmeng p`gdkn meng nwna yngd feankukng t`rjnfnp pnse`g febngn f`gdng fek`tnjuegyn fek`tnjuegyn tegdknt p`gfefekng, p`gfefekng, k`bnbpung heonrn ntnu nsna fn`rnj pnse`g p`tudns fnpnt b`ankukng p`gynbpneng egicrbnse f`gdng onrn yngd a`hej bufnj fepnjnbe. Mek Meknn t`r t`rfnp fnpnt nt pnse`g pnse`g f`gdng f`gdng k`t k`t`rh `rhntn ntnsng sng fng k`a k`aunr unrdn dn yngd yngd tefnk tefnk h`rkcb h`rkcbp`t p`t`g `g ugtuk ugtuk b`g`rebn egicrbnse, bnkn rubnj snket b`gy`fenkng p`g`rm`bnj s`hndne upnyn ugtuk b`bhngtu pnse`g fng k`aunrdngyn fnanb b`bnjnbe egicrbnse yngd fesnbpnekng ca`j p`tudns. Gnbug jna t`rs`hut feankukng s`hndne upnyn t`rnkjer. O. Kcbugekn Kcbugeknse se `i`ktei `i`ktei ngtnr ngtnrnn fckt`r fckt`r f`gdng f`gdng pnse`g pnse`g Kent b`gynbpnekng egicrbnse k`pnfn pnse`g = >. Vngynkng gynkng,, npnknj npnknj nnfn fn yngd yngd fekjnw fekjnwnte nterkn rknggyn ggyn.. 8. Dugnkn Dugnkngg hnjnsn hnjnsn yngd bufnj feb`gd` feb`gd`rte rte,, s`sune s`sune tegdknt tegdknt p`bnjnbn p`bnjnbnggyn ggyn (usen, (usen, antnr h`ankngd h`ankngd p`gfefekng, scsena hufnyn) ?. Vefn Vefnkk fe feng ngmu murk rkng ng b` b`bn bnkn knee hn hnjn jnsn sn ntnu ntnu b`gd b`gddu dugn gnkn kngg este estean anjj k` k`fc fckt kt`r `rng ng.. Kn Knan anup upug ug jn jnru russ b`gddugnknggyn, h`re p`gm`ansng fng pnfngng kntngyn (knanu b`bngd nfn). 6. Vefnk Vefnk p`rau t`rd`snt`rd`sn-d`sn d`sn fng s`knaedu s`knaedus, s, p`bh`reng p`bh`reng egicrbnse egicrbnse hesn hesn feankukng feankukng s`onrn s`onrn h`rtnjnp. h`rtnjnp. 0. Mekn Mekn b`gy b`gynb nbpn pnekn ekngg h` h`re retn tn hu huru ruk, k, du dugn gnkn kngg knt kntnn nt ntnu nu kn knaeaebn bntt p` p`rs rsen enpn pngg nt ntnu nu p` p`gf gfnj njua uaun ung, g, besnagyn, ‑Hca`j snyn begtn wnktu ugtuk b`gynbpnekng s`suntu3‒ ugtuk b`aejnt npnknj fen (yngd h`rkcbugeknse) senp b`gf`gdnr h`retn t`rs`hut. 9. Jegfnre Jegfnre b`bnkne b`bnkne kntn-kntn kntn-kntn yngd yngd h`rseint h`rseint b`gdngonb b`gdngonb,, s`p`rte s`p`rte ‑Knanu ‑Knanu tefnk b`ankuk b`ankukng ng ngmurng ngmurng snyn, knanu nfn npn-npn mngdng fntngd k` snyn‒. 4. Dugnkng Dugnkng kntn kntn ntnu ntnu knaebnt knaebnt yngd b`gebhuakng b`gebhuakng s`bngdnt s`bngdnt ntnu ntnu b`ynkegk b`ynkegknggyn. nggyn.

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng 4

 

:. Pang Pangde de p` p`sn sngg yng yngdd p`g p`gtetegd gd.. 5. \nstek \nstekng ng pnse`g/ pnse`g/k`a k`aunr unrdn dn b`gd b`gd`rt `rtee npn yngd fesnbp fesnbpnek nekng. ng. >> >>.. B`gyebpuakng B`gyebpuakng npn yngd yngd t`anj fesnbpnekng. fesnbpnekng. >8. H`re k`s`bpntng k`s`bpntng pnse`g/k`aunr pnse`g/k`aunrdn dn ugtuk h`rtngyn, mngdng b`bcgcpcae b`bcgcpcae p`bheonrnng. p`bheonrnng. >?. H`rekng H`rekng gcbcr t`apcg t`apcg yngd hesn fejuhugde fejuhugde mekn s`wnktu-wnkt s`wnktu-wnktuu fep`raukng. fep`raukng.

Kcbugeknse yngd fehnjns fnanb huku ege nfnanj kcbugeknse yngd t`rmnfe ngtnrn fckt`r fng pnse`g fnanb rngdkn b`gy`a`snekng bnsnanj k`s`jntng pnse`g yngd hukng fnanb k`nfnng dnwnt fnrurnt (`b`rd`goy). _`aneg etu kcbugeknse `i`ktei mudn fnpnt feanksngnkng fe knbnr cp`rnse, snnt pnse`g nkng feankukng tegfnkng cp`rntei yngd b`aepute b`aepute b`gngynkng ef`gtetnsgyn (gnbn, tng tngddna ddna anjer, nanbnt), m`ges cp`rnse/acknse cp`rnse ugtuk b`bnstekng ef`gtetns pnse`g fng tegfnkng ygnd nkng feankukng. Npnhean pnse`g tefnk bnbpu ugtuk b`ankukng kcbugeknse bnkn fnpnt fewnkeakng ca`j k`aunrdn pnse`g. Kcbugeknse Kcbug eknse `i`ktei `i`ktei fnanb juhugdng juhugdng fckt`r ‟ pnse`g fejnrnpkng fejnrnpkng fnpnt b`gdn b`gdntnse tnse k`gfnan yngd fetebhuakng ca`j fckt`r fng pnse`g. Vumunggyn nfnanj ugtuk b`gdnrnjkng prcs`s p`gddnaeng rewnyn rewnyntt p`gynk p`gynketet a`hej a`hej nkurnt nkurnt ugtuk ugtuk fckt`r fckt`r,, a`hej a`hej b`bh`r b`bh`rekn ekngg fukugd fukugdng ng k`p k`pnfn nfn pnse`g pnse`g s`jegd s`jegddn dn fejnrnpkng t`rmnfe p`ruhnjng seknp fnanb juhugdng fckt`r pnse`g. _eknp prci`secgna fckt`r jnnrus fetugmukkng k`tekn fckt`r h`rjnfnpng f`gdng tudns-tudnsgyn, s`onrn s`o nrn t`r t`rus us b`g`ru b`g`russ s`m s`mnk nk nwna nwna kcgsua kcgsuatns tnse,e, s`a s`anbn nbn prcs`s prcs`s kcgsua kcgsuatns tnsee h`rang h`rangdsu dsugd gd fng fe nkjer  nkjer  kcgsuatnse. _eknp fckt`r k`tekn b`g`rebn pnse`g nfnanj = >. B`gyean B`gyeankng kng bnsuk bnsuk fng b`gduo b`gduonpk npkng ng snan snanb b 8. B`bngd B`bngddea dea / b`gyn b`gynpn pn pnse pnse`g `g f`gd f`gdng ng gnbn gnbngyn gyn ?. B`go B`goept eptnkn nkngg suns sunsng ngnn yngd yngd gyn gynbn bngg 6. B`bp B`bp`r `rk` k`gn gnak akng ng fe fere re 0. B`gea B`geane ne suns sunsng ngnn jnte jnte an anwn wngg heonr heonrnn 9. B`bp B`bp`r `rjn jntk tkng ng sei seint nt gcg gcg v`r v`rhn hnaa 4. B`gntn B`gntnpp bntn bntn ppnse nse`g `g s`onrn s`onrn prci`s prci`secg ecgna na

:. B`bp`rjntekng k`aujng yngd fesnbpnekng pnse`g 5. B`aehntkng B`aehntkng pnse`g pnse`g fnanb fnanb r`gongn r`gongn tegfnkng tegfnkng b`fes b`fes s`angmutg s`angmutgyn yn ntnu p`gdnb p`gdnbheang heang k`putusng k`putusng

>> >>.. B`ankukng B`ankukng g`dcsense g`dcsense ntns s`dnan s`suntu h`rfnsnrkng h`rfnsnrkng k`p`gtegdn k`p`gtegdngg k`fun h`anj pejnk >8. B`bhuknkng B`bhuknkng pegtu pegtu ntnu h`rfere h`rfere k`tekn pnse`g pnse`g j`gfnk j`gfnk puangd

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng :

 

Jna p`gtegd yngd jnrus fep`rjntekng ndnr `i`ktei fnanb h`rkcbugeknse f`gdng pnse`g ynetu = >.

Bnt`ree egicrbnse Bnt`r egicrbnse npn yngd fesnbpnekng, fesnbpnekng, npnknj h`rupn tumung p`b`reksnng p`b`reksnng iesek, kcgfese snnt ege, h`rhndne tegfnkng b`fes yngd nkng feankukng, jnsea fng egt`rpr`tnse tegfnkng b`fes, fendgcses, peaeejng tegfnkng b`fes, prcdgcses fng fukugdng yngd t`rs`fen

8. _enpn yngd yngd feh`re feh`re egicrbns egicrbnse,e, npnkng npnkng pnse`g, pnse`g, k`aunrdngyn k`aunrdngyn ntnu pejnk pejnk aneg yngd b`gmnfe b`gmnfe wnae wnae ?. H`rnpn H`rnpn hngynk hngynk ntnu s`mnuj s`mnuj bngn bngn pnse`g pnse`g ntnu k`aunrdn k`aunrdn pnse`g pnse`g b`gdj`gf b`gdj`gfnke nke egicrbnse egicrbnse fng fng s`mnuj s`mnuj bngn k`senpng b`gtna 6. Knpng Knpng b`gynb b`gynbpne pnekng kng egicrb egicrbnse nse,, npnknj npnknj h`rsein h`rseintt s`d`rn s`d`rn 0. Febngn Febngn b`gynbpnekn b`gynbpneknggyn, ggyn, npnknj npnknj fe rungd rungd prnktek prnktek fckt`r fckt`r,, hngdsna hngdsna ntnu ntnu t`bpnt t`bpnt aneg 9. Hndnebngn Hndnebngn b`gynbpnekngg b`gynbpneknggyn yn npnknj npnknj s`onrn s`onrn angdsugd angdsugd ntnu ntnu b`fen b`fen yngd yngd aneg aneg

Angdknj-angdknj kcbugeknse =  Nfn `bpnt angdknj yngd t`rngdkub fnanb sntu kntn ugtuk b`ankukng kcbugeknse ynetu _NME (_nanb, Nmnk Heonrn, M`anskng, Egdntkng)

F.

Kcbugeknse ngtnr p`bh`re p`anyngng fe fnanb rubnj snket Kcbugeknse `i`ktei yngd feankukng fe rubnj snket, yngd t`pnt wnktu, nkurnt, a`gdknp, m`ans, fng yngd fepnjnbe ca`j r`sepe`g/p`g`rebn, nkng b`gdurngde k`snanjng, fng b`gdjnseakng p`gegdkntng k`s`anbntng k`s`an bntng pnse`g. Hngynk m`ges kcbugeknse kcbugeknse yngd fnpnt feankukng fnanb rubnj snket ngtnr p`bh`re p`anyngng, p`anyn gng, ynetu s`onrn `a`ktrcgek, `a`ktrcgek, aesng, ntnu t`rtuaes. t`rtuaes. Fnanb m`ges kcbugeknse kcbugeknse t`rs`hut, t`rs`hut, kcbugeknse kcbugeknse yngdd pnaegd yng pnaegd bufnj bufnj b`gdna b`gdnanbe nbe k`s k`snan nanjng jng nfnanj nfnanj p`regt p`regtnj nj yngd yngd feh`re feh`rekng kng s`onrn s`onrn aesng aesng fng yngd yngd feh`rekng b`anaue t`apcg, hean fep`rhca`jkng p`rnturng p`rugfngdng. Kcbugeknse aneg yngd bufnj t`rmnfe k`snanjng k`snan jng nfnanj pnfn snnt p`anpcrng k`bhnae jnsea p`b`reksnng p`b`reksnng kretes, s`p`rte hndeng anhcrntcreub anhcrntcreub kaeges b`g`apcg uget p`anyngng pnse`g ugtuk b`anpcrkng jnsea p`b`reksnng s`d`rn /oetc. Fnanb rngdkn b`gfukugd t`rmnfegyn kcbugeknse yngd `i`ktei ngtnr p`bh`re p`anyngng fe rubnj snket, bnkn s`onrn kcanhcrntei kcanhcrntei rubnj snket p`rau b`gd`bhngdkng b`gd`bhngdkng suntu k`hemnkng k`hemnkng fng/ntnu fng/ntnu prcs`fur  prcs`fur  t`r t`rkne knett p`regt p`regtnj nj aes aesng ng fng b`anau b`anauee t`a t`a`pc `pcg. g. \`regt \`regtnj nj aesng aesng fng yngd yngd b`anau b`anauee t`a t`a`pc `pcgg ntnupu ntnupugg jnsea jnsea p`b`reksnng fetuaeskng s`onrn a`gdknp ca`j p`g`rebn p`regtnj ntnu jnsea p`b`reksnng t`rs`hut mudn `rtungd fnanb k`hemnkng. \rcs`s kcbugeknse ngtnr p`bh`re anyngng fnpnt feankukng fnanb h`h`rnpn h`gtuk febngn jna t`rs`hut t`rs`h ut sufnj b`gmnfe b`gmnfe k`t`gtung yngd jnrus feankukng feankukng fe rubnj snket X_V Fcbp`t Fjunin Fjunin yngd feankukng s`onrn t`pnt wnktu, h`rekut h`h`rnpn h`gtuk kcbugeknse yngd feankukng = >. Xnp npnt nt kc kccr crfe fegn gnse se 8. Kcgsuat Kcgsuatnse nse Fckt Fckt`r `r Pbub Pbub k`pnf k`pnfnn Fckt`r Fckt`r _p`s _p`sena enaes es

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng 5

 

?.

Kcgsuatnse \`rnwnt / hefng k`pnfn Fckt`r Pbub fng ntnu _p`senaes

6.

Kcbugeknse fnanb p`gd`acanng jnsea p`b`reksnng p`gugmngd

0.

Cp`rng sjeit   mndn

>.

Xnpnt kccrfegnse Xnpnt nfnanj p`rt`bung ntnu kubpuang fnanb suntu crdngesnse, p`rusnjnng, egstngse p`b`regtnj hnek fnanb setunse icrbna bnupug gcgicrbna ugtuk b`bheonrnkng, b`rugfegdkng fng b`butuskng suntu bnsnanj h`rfnsnrkng jnsea k`s`pnkntng h`rsnbn. _nanj sntu upnyn Xubnj _nket fnanb b`gegdkntkng kcbugeknse `i`ktei ngtnr p`bh`re p`anyngng bnkn rubnj snket b`gdnfnkng rnpnt kccrfegnse, ynetu = n.

Xnpnt Be Begddung

h.

Xnpnt Huangng

o.

Xnpnt V Vnnjugng

f. Xnp npnt nt eg egse sef` f`gt gtna na Xnpnt kccrfegnse fnpnt fepebpeg ca`j Fer`ktur ntnu Bngnd`r yngd b`gddngteknggyn. \`s`rtn yngd jnfer nfnanj Bngnd`r, K`pnan Egstnanse/ K`pnan Hndeng, Kccrfegntcr s`rtn tnbu ugfngdng yngd fejnrnpkng jnfer pnfn snnt rnpnt kccrfegnse t`rs`hut h`rangdsugd. Xnpnt kccrfegnse ngtnr hndeng fedugnkng ugtuk b`gfeskusekng yngd b`aehntkng ngtnr  hndeng hnd eng.. Fejnrn Fejnrnpkn pkngg f`gdng f`gdng nfn nfngyn gyn rnpnt rnpnt kccrfe kccrfegns gnsee yngd yngd h`rk`a h`rk`angm ngmutn utngg nkng nkng b`bp`r b`bp`rhnek hnekee k`a`bnjng sest`b s`jegdddn tumung fnrne snsnrng k`s`anbntng pnse`g fnpnt t`r t`ronpne. onpne.

8.

\`regtnj aesng fnre fckt`r sp`senaes k`pnfn fckt`r ubub Fnanb b`anku Fnanb b`ankung ng p`anyn p`anyngng gng,, s`regd s`regdknae knae fefnpn fefnpntkn tkngg k`nfnn k`nfnngg febngn febngn fckt`r fckt`r ubub ubub b`gfnpntkng b`gfnp ntkng p`regtnj p`gntnanksngnng p`gntnanksngnng pnse`g s`onrn aesng hnek f`gdng f`gdng h``rt`bu h``rt`bu angdsugd angdsugd bnupug ven t`a`pcg. Jna ege fnpnt b`gebhuakng k`o`anknng k`pnfn pnse`g knr`gn sngdnt bugdkeg t`rmnfe k`snanjng fnre pejnk p`bh`re p`regtnj bnupug fnre p`g`rebn p`regtnj. Ca`j knr`gn etu jnrus feoeptnkng sest`b yngd fnpnt b`begebnakng t`rmnfegyn k`snanjng t`rs`hut. Pgtuk b`gdurngde k`snanjng t`rs`hut, bnkn sest`b yngd fek`bhngdkng nfnanj VHnK ynetu Vuaes (wret`  (wret` )),, H non uangd (r`nf hnok )),, K cgierbnse (ocgierb  (ocgierb ) fng kcgierbnse uangd s`t`anj fckt`r  sp`senaes b`ankukng veset. n. \`g`re \`g`rebnn bnngg p`reg p`regtnj tnj aesng aesng h`rt` h`rt`bu bu angds angdsugd ugd Fckt`r ubub h`rt`bu h`rt`bu angdsugd f`gdng fckt`r sp`senaes, npnhean fckt`r ubub tefnk fnanb k`rtns k`rtns ntnu ntnu ins inseae eaetns tns aneggyn aneggyn b`bhnw b`b hnwnn stntus stntus pnse`g pnse`g,, fckt`r fckt`r ubub ubub b`gont b`gontnt nt (V ) fnanb

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng ><

 

Hn)) p`regtnj fng b`ankukng kcgierbnse kcgierbnse (K ) k`bufeng tuaes (V (V ) k`bufeng b`bhnonkng uangd ((Hn fe r`knb b`fes yngd nkng febegtnkng tngfn tngdng ntnu pnrni fckt`r sp`senaes t`rs`hut. Fnanb k`nfnngg febngn fckt`r b`g`rebn k`nfnn b`g`rebn p`regtnj aesng h`rt`bu h`rt`bu angdugd b`b`dngd b`b`dngd r`knb b`fes pnse`g bnkn VHK feankukng p`rses s`p`rte kcgsuatnse ven t`a`pcg s`p`rte fehnwnj ege. h. \`g`re \`g`rebnn bnngg p`re p`regtn gtnjj aaesng esng ven t`a t`a`pc `pcgg H`rekut H`rek ut jna yngd jnrus feankukng ca`j Fckt`r Pbub k`tekn b`ankukng b`ankukng kcgsuatnse ven t`a`pcg k`pnfn fckt`r sp`senaes= >) Fckt`r ubub b`bp`rk` b`bp`rk`gnakng gnakng ef`gtetns ef`gtetns fere k`pnfn fckt`r sp`senaes sp`senaes fng b`gynb b`gynbpnekng pnekng bnksuf fng tumung 8) Hnjnsn yngd fedugnkn fedugnkngg pnfn snnt snnt b`ankukng b`ankukng kcgsuatn kcgsuatnse se nfnanj nfnanj hnjnsn hnjnsn Egfcg`sen, Egfcg`sen, ntnu ntnu fn fnan anb b kc kcgf gfes esee t`rt t`rt`g `gtu tu fn fnpn pntt b`gd b`gddu dugn gnkn kngg

hn hnjn jnsn sn Fn Fn`r `rnj nj yn yngd gd fepn fepnjn jnbe be ca`j ca`j

k`fungyn f`gdng egtcgnse hnjnsn yngd m`ans fng scpng ?) Fckt`r Fckt`r Pbub Pbub b`gdeg b`gdegicr icrbns bnsekn ekngg k`nfnng k`nfnng pnse`g, pnse`g, b`aep b`aepute ute = 

Ef`gtetns pnse`g ( gnbn, tngddna anjer, nanbnt, gcbcr r`knb b`fes pnse`g, rungd p`rnwntng pnse`g)



Fendgcsn



K`aujng/fntn k`nfnng ubub fng vetna sedg t`rnkjer 



Jnsea-jnsea p`b`reksnng iesek fng p`b`reksnng p`gugmngd



Egicrbnse aneg t`rknet k`nfnng pnse`g



Vegfnkng fng prcs`s p`gdchntng yngd sufnj feankukng t`rjnfnp pnse`g



Vegfnkng fng prcs`s p`gdchntng yngd jnrus feankukng k`pnfn pnse`g

6) Fc Fckt kt`r `r Pbub Pbub b`go b`gont ntnt nt a` a`gd gdkn knpp (wret`/ t uaes/ uaes/ V ) pnfn pnfn fckub` fckub`gg r`knb r`knb b`fes b`fes pnse`g pnse`g s`sune f`gdng nfves Fckt`r _p`senaes yngd feh`rekng f`gdng tuaesng m`ans fng bufnj fehnon 0) Jnse Jnseaa p`go p`gont ntnt ntng ng yn yngd gd fean feanku kukn kngg ca`j ca`j Fckt Fckt`r `r Pbub Pbub fehn fehnon on uang uangdd (r`nf hnok/ hnon hnon Hn)) k`pnfn Fckt`r Fckt`r _p`senaes _p`senaes ugtuk b`bvnaefnse b`bvnaefnse jnsea ontntng yngd t`anj fetuaes uangd/Hn uangd/ s`jegddn tefnk t`rmnfe k`snanjpnjnbng fnanb bnksuf fng tumung. Pgtuk chnt-chntng yngdd bnsuk yng bnsuk fnanb fnanb fnitnr fnitnr

AN_N AN_N ntnu GCXPB, GCXPB, bnkn p`tudn p`tudnss b`bhno b`bhnonkn nkngg uangd uangd

k`bhnae gnbn chnt yngd febnksuf f`gdng b`gd`mn chnt-chntng t`rs`hut s`jegddn tefnk t`rmnfe k`snanjng p`bh`reng chnt. 9) \` \`tu tudn dnss b`ank b`ankuk ukng ng kcgi kcgier erbn bnse se (K (K ) k`pnfn fckt`r ntns p`guaesng fng p`bhnonng yngd feankuknggyn fng fegyntnkng h`gnr ca`j fckt`r  4) Mekn t`rfnp t`rfnpnt nt k`snanjn k`snanjngg p`gont p`gontntn ntngg fng ntnu snanj snanj p`bnjnb p`bnjnbng ng fnanb b`g`re b`g`rebnn bnngg nfves, nfv es, bnkn ont ontntn ntngg feh`gn feh`gnrkn rkng, g, fehnon fehnonkng kng uangd fng fekcgier fekcgierbns bnsee uangd uangd (r`ocgierb  /kcgierbnse uangd/K uangd/K ) pnfn Fckt`r _p`senaes

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng >>

 

:) \`gont \`gontntn ntngg nfv nfves es fetngfnt fetngfntngd ngdnge nge ca`j Fckt`r Fckt`r Pbub yngd k`bufen k`bufengg feb febegt egtnkn nkngg tngfn tngfn tngdng ntnu pnrni k`pnfn Fckt`r _p`senaes pnfn snnt Fckt`r _p`senaes t`rs`hut veset 5) Fnanb k`nfnng k`nfnng fnrurnt, fnrurnt, p`bhnon p`bhnonng ng uangd uangd ontntng ontntng p`sng p`sng tefnk tefnk jnrus jnrus feankukng feankukng

?.

Kcgsuatnse p`rnwnt ntnu hefng k`pnfn fckt`r sp`senaes Kcgsuatnse feankukng ca`j fckt`r ubub, gnbug fe suntu kcgfese febngn fckt`r ubub b`gf`a`dnsekng kcgsuatnse k`pnfn p`rnwnt ntnu hefng, bnkn p`rnwnt ntnu hefng mudn fnpnt b`ankukng kcgsuatnse k`pnfn fckt`r sp`senaes. Jna yngd jnrus feankukng ca`j p`rnwnt npnhean b`ankukng kcgsuatnse s`onrn aesng ntnu t`a`pcgg snbn f`gdng kcgsuatnse fckt`r ubub k`pnfn fckt`r sp`senaes, t`a`pc sp`senaes, jngyn snmn npnhean fckt`r  ubub ubu b b`gf`a b`gf`a`dn `dnsekn sekngg p`regt p`regtnj nj kcgsua kcgsuatns tnsee k`pnfn k`pnfn p`rnwn p`rnwntt bnkn bnkn s`t s`t`an `anjj b`anku b`ankukng kng VHnK, VHnK, p`rnwn p`r nwntt / hefng hefng b`begt b`begtnkn nkngg tngfn tngfn tngdng tngdng ntnu ntnu pnrni pnrni fckt`r fckt`r ubub. ubub. _`t`an _`t`anjj fckt`r fckt`r ubub b`bhuhujkng pnrni ntnu tngfn tngdng, p`tudns fnpnt b`begtnkng tngfn tngdng k`pnfn fckt`r  sp`senaes pnfn snnt fckt`r sp`senaes b`ankukng veset.

6.

Kcbugeknse fnanb p`gd`acanng jnsea p`b`reksnng p`gugmngd Fnanb b`bh`rekng p`anyngng k`pnfn pnse`g p`tudns p`gugmngd b`fes s`p`rte inrbnse, anhcrntcreu anhcrn tcreub, b, rnfecacde rnfecacde mudn b`ankukng b`ankukng kcbugeknse f`gdng p`tud p`tudns ns p`anyngng p`anyngng b`fes hnek etu fckt`r, p`rnwnt, hefng bnupug p`tudns aneggyn. Pbubgyn jnsea p`b`reksnng p`gugmngd anhcrntcreub anhcrntcreub ntnu rnfecacde fnanb h`gtuk anpcrng t`rtuaes yngd k`bufeng nkng fet`bp`a fnanb a`bhnr yngd sufnj fes`fenkng fe r`knb b`fes pnse`g. Gnbug jnsea p`b`reksnng p`b`reksnng p`gugmngd p`gugmngd yngd nhgcrbna jnrus s`d`rn fesnbpnekng fesnbpnekng k`pnfn p`tudns p`tudns t`rknet b`anaue aesng ntnu t`a`pcg, tefnk jnrus b`gugddu jnsea p`b`reksnng t`rtuaesgyn mnfe t`ra`hej fnjuau. Knr`gn etuanj bnkn p`tudns p`gugmngd b`fes mudn jnrus b`ankukng kcbugeknse `i`ktei mekn b`ankukng p`regtnj ntnu b`g`rebn p`regtnj s`onrn aesng ntnu b`anaue t`a`pcg ugtuk b`gynbpnekng jnsea p`b`reksnng p`gugmngd k`pnfn fesepaeg kaeges aneg fe rubnj snket. \`tudns p`g`rebn jnsea p`b`reksnng p`gugmngd s`onrn aesng ntnu t`a`pcg jnrus b`gontnt ontntng p`rk`bhngdng p`rk`bhngdng pnse`g fnanb r`knb b`fes ntnu feontnt fe k`rtns ntnu b`fen (V ) fe a`bhnr ontntng aneg npnhean tefnk b`bugdkegkng b`bugdkegkng ugtuk b`gontntgyn b`gontntgyn fnanb r`knb b`fes pnse`g, b`bhnon uangd Hn)) , b`ankukng kcgierbnse (K (K ) k`pnfn p`bh`re p`bh`re egicrbnse egicrbnse fng b`bhuhujkng b`bhuhujkng gnbn, pnrni ntnu (Hn tngfn tngdng pnfn ontntnggyn. Kjusus ugtuk chnt-chntng yngd bnsuk fnanb fnitnr GCXPB/AN_N (gnbn chnt rupn berep), pnfn snnt p`tudns b`bhnonkng uangd p`regtnj p`gdchntng, p`tudns jnrus b`gd`mn k`bhnae gnbn chnt yngd fetuaesgyn k`tekn b`g`rebn p`regtnj s`onrn aesng ntnu t`a`pcg. Mekn jnsea p`b`reksnng p`gugmngd sufnj mnfe, bnkn p`tudns b`g`bp`a fe a`bhnr yngd sufnj fes`fenkng fe r`knb b`fes pnse`g.

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng >8

 

0.

Cp`rng sjeit mndn _`aneg k`dentng kcbugeknse kcbugeknse yngd feankukng fentns, prcs`s prcs`s kcbuge kcbugeknse knse ngtnr p`bh`re p`bh`re anyngng yngd feankukng fnpnt fnanb h`gtuk rnpnt p`rdngteng sjeit. \`rdngteng sjeit mndn yngd feankukng ca`j s`tenp p`tudns jnrus feankukng nfngyn cp`rng mndn, ynetu b`gdegicrbnsekng jna t`rknet k`nfnng pnse`g, b`aepute = n. _et _etunt untecg ecg = kcgfe kcgfese se t`rke t`rkege ge yngd yngd t`rmnf t`rmnfee pnfn pnfn pnse`g pnse`g h. Hnokrcugf Hnokrcugf = egicrbnse egicrbnse p`gtegd p`gtegd npn yngd yngd h`rjuhugd h`rjuhugdng ng f`gdng f`gdng kcgfese kcgfese pnse`g pnse`g t`rkege t`rkege o.

Nss`sb Nss`sb`gt `gt = jnse jnseaa p`gdkn p`gdknmen mengg kcgfese kcgfese pnse`g pnse`g t`rk t`rkege ege

f. X`ocbb`gfn X`ocbb`gfntecg tecg = npn yngd yngd p`rau p`rau feankukng feankukng ugtuk ugtuk b`gdntn b`gdntnse se bnsnanj bnsnanj pnse`g pnse`g snnt snnt ege

@.

Kcbugeknse ngtnr p`bh`re p`anyngng fe aunr rubnj snket \rcs`s kcbugeknse yngd feankukng rubnj snket h`rekutgyn nfnanj kcbugeknse rubnj snket f`gdng prnktese k`s`jntng feaunr rubnj snket dugn b`r`gongnkng fng b`rngongd prcs`s bngnm`b`g egicrbnse ugtuk b`b`guje k`hutujng egicrbnse hnek egt`rgna fng bnupug `kst`rgna. \rcs`s kcbugeknse tefnk fejnruskng f`gdng surnt icrbna b`anegkng fnpnt feankukng f`gdng h`gtuk rnpnt kccrfegnse yngd ese fnre rnpnt t`rs`hut b`aepute = >. \`anyn \`anyngng gng yngd yngd jnr jnrus us fe feh`r h`rekn ekngg k`pnfn k`pnfn pnse`g pnse`g 8. Egi Egicrb crbnse nse yngd yngd jnrus jnrus fejns fejnseak eakng ng s`tenp s`tenp rubn rubnjj snket snket \`gm`ansng a`hej angmut t`gtngd jna ege t`rfnpnt fnanb \`fcbng \KX_ Xubnj _nket Xubnj _`jnt V`rpnfu V`rpnfu Fcbp`t Fjunin.

I. Bcge Bcgetc tcre regd gd fng fng `vnau `vnauns nsee >. V`rs`fen rs`fengyn gyn egic anyngng anyngng Xubnj _nket _nket Xubnj Xubnj _`jnt V`rpn V`rpnfu fu Fcbp` Fcbp`tt Fjunin Fjunin fnanb fnanb s`t s`tenp enp p`gynbpneng p`gyuaujng, sor``gegd  fng  fng ntnu k`dentng scsena aneggyn 8. \`gynbpneng \`gynbpneng egicrbnse egicrbnse k`pnfn k`pnfn pnse`g fng k`aunrd k`aunrdnn pnse`g pnse`g b`aepute b`aepute = n. Nsujng Nsujng fng p`anyn p`anyngng gng yngd feh`re feh`rekng kng ca`j Xubnj Xubnj _nket _nket Xubnj Xubnj _`jnt _`jnt V`rpnfu rpnfu Fcbp`t Fcbp`t Fjunin h. Onrn Onrn b`gdnks b`gdnks`s `s p`anyng p`anyngng ng t`rs`h t`rs`hut ut o. _ubh` _ubh`rr nat`rgntev` nat`rgntev` yngd feh`rekng feh`rekng ca`j Xubnj _nket Xubnj Xubnj _`jnt V`r V`rpnfu pnfu Fcbp`t Fcbp`t Fjunin npnhean tefnk t`rfnpnt p`anyngng yngd fehutujkng ca`j pnse`g ?. V` V`rfnpnt rfnpnt nd`gfn nd`gfn rnpnt rnpnt ruteg ruteg f`gdng pejnk pejnk egt`rgna egt`rgna fng `kst`r `kst`rgna gna ugtuk b`gegdk b`gegdkntkng ntkng butu butu anyngng anyngng 6. V` V`rfckub rfckub`gtns `gtnsegyn egyn p`sng yngd yngd fet`rebn fet`rebn fnre fnre p`bh`re p`bh`re p`sng b`anaue b`anaue b`fen b`fen kcbugeknse kcbugeknse t`a`pcg. t`a`pcg.

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng >?

 

HNH EY FCKPB@GVN_E

Fnanb kcbugeknse `i`kei ngtnrn fckt`r fng pnse`g yngd jnrus fefckub`gnsekng fefnanb r`knb b`fes nfnanj = >. _`bun _`bun p`reg p`regtnj tnj fckt fckt`r `r hnek hnek aesng aesng bnup bnupug ug t`a`p t`a`pcg. cg. 8.

Jnsea ‟jnsea p`b`reksnng fckt`r/nss`sb`g fckt`r fng p`b`reksnng p`gugmngd.

?.

Bnt`re p`gfefekng pnse`g yngd fesnbpnekng fckt`r k`pnfn pnse`g.

Fckub`gtnse yngd fep`raukng snnt prcs`s kcbugeknse ngtnrn pnrnb`fes nfnanj f`gdng b`gdese huku cp`rng mndn yngd sufnj t`rs`fen fe bnsegd-bnsegd bnsegd-bnsegd uget k`rmn. Pgtuk jnsea rnpnt, fefckub`gtnsekng fefckub`gtnsekng b`anaue gctua`gse rnpnt yngd fea`gdknpe fnitnr jnfer, ugfngdng fng bnt`re hean nfn.

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng >6

 

HNH EY \@GPVP\

Huku pngfung kcbugeknse `i`ktei fe Xubnj _nket Xubnj _`jnt V`rpnfu Fcbp`t Fjunin fesusug ugtuk b`gmnfe noung fnanb p`anksngnng prcs`s kcbugeknse yngd t`rmnfe fe Xubnj _nket Xubnj _`jnt V`rpnfu Fcbp`tt Fjunin, Fcbp` Fjunin, s`jegddn fnpnt t`roeptn kcbugeknse yngd `i`ktei fng t`pnt s`sune k`hutujng k`hutujng pnse`g fe Xubnj _nket Xubnj _`jnt V`rpnfu V`rpnfu Fcbp`t Fjunin. Huku \ngfung ege b`rupnkng b`rupnkng pngfung pngfung hnde s`auruj s`auruj stni rubnj snket, fng hukng huku stngfnr stngfnr yngd h`rseint butank ca`j knr`gn etu ugtuk p`anksngnng fe anpngdng fnpnt fek`bhngdkng s`sune f`gdng kcgfese fng k`hutujng bnsegd ‟ bnsegd fe rubnj snket.

 

Xubnj _nket X_ Nkn B`fekn Fcbp`t Fjunin

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng >0

 

 

frd. Tnjyu \rnhcwc Fer`ktur Ptnbn

FNIVNX \P_VNKN

\`rb`gk`s Gcbcr >95> Vnjug 8> V`gtngd V`gtngd K`s`anbntng \nse`g \`rb`gk`s Gcbcr 895 Vnjug Vnjug 86  t`kgek kcbugeknse yngd `i`ktei (tngddna ugfuj > Nprea 8?) www.nkuegdegsuks`s.ocb.>6

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng >9

 

  NB\EXNG Anbperng >. Kcbugeknse `i`ktei ngtnr p`bh`re p`anyngng k`pnfn pnse`g fe rubnj snket

Vngddna= Vngddna=

Xungd Xnwnt = \`rtngynng

\eaejng

>

8

?

6

0

Mnwnhng  Npnknj kcbugeknse feankukng s`onrn aesng ntnu t`a`pcg3 \`tudns b`guaeskng p`regtnj (V) \`tudns b`bhnon uangd p`regtnj (H) \`tudns \`tud ns b`gdkcgierb b`gdkcgierbnse nse p`regtnj p`regtnj (K) fng fegyntnkng fegyntnkng h`tua ca`j p`bh`re p`regtnj \` \`tu tudn dnss b`gd b`gdua uang ngdd VHK VHK p`regtnj yngd snanj \` \`tu tudn dnss b`gd b`gd`m `mnn gnbn

k` k`tek teknn nf nfnn p` p`g` g`re rebn bnng ng ch chnt nt yngd yngd bnsu bnsukk fn fnan anb b

knt`dcre AN_N npnhean b`g`rebn p`regtnj t`gtngd chnt \`tudns b`bhuhuje gnbn fng pnrni ntnu tngfn tngdng pnfn tuaesnggyn

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng >4

 



 Npnhean

kcgsuatnse

k`

fckt`r

sp`senaes

feankukng feanku kng ca`j p`rnwnt/hef p`rnwnt/hefng, ng, bnkn p`tudns b`begtnkng pnrni/tngfntngdng k` fckt`r mndn \`tudns b`gdkcgierbnse uangd p`regtnj yngd fetuaesgyn pnfn snnt fckt`r sp`senaes b`ankukng veset pnse`g \` \`tu tudn dnss b`be b`begt gtnk nkng ng pn pnrn rnii fc fckt kt`r `r sp sp`s `sen enaeaess pnfn pnfn p`regtnj yngd sufnj fetuaesgyn K`t`rngdng = @vnaunse feankukng f`gdng b`ankukng chs`rvnse angdsugd k`pnfn p`tudns yngd s`fngd b`ankukng kcbugeknse s`onrn v`rhna. \`tudns `vnauntcr nfnanj bngnm`r k`p`rnwntng ntnu p`tudns _\E, ntnu teb nkr`fetnse. Jnsea fnre `vnaunse h`rupn fntn fnanb h`gtuk p`rs`gtns` p`anksngnng k`dentng s`sune f`gdng jna-jna yngd fegeane

\ngfung Kcbugeknse @i`ktei

Jnanbng >: