Refinery Products Blending
Tri TRUONG HUU Tel: 0932 445 199 Mail:
[email protected]
Vung Tau, 2015
About Instructor Current job position: Lecturer - Researcher, Chemical Engineering - Oil and Gas University of Science and Technology - The university of Da Nang
Studies: 2011-2012: Postdoctorant, LMSPC - University of Strasbourg - France; 2008-2011: Doctor of Philosophy in Chemical Engineening - University of Strasbourg - France; 2000-2001: Master of science in Petroleum Products and Motor, IFP - France; 1997: Engineer in Chemistry of Oil Refining and Petrochemistry, Hanoi University of Technology.
EMERGENCY EVACUATION INSTRUCTION Whenever you hear the building alarm or are informed of a general building emergency: Leave the building immediately, in an orderly fashion; Do not use elevators; Follow quickest evacuation route from where you are; If the designated assembly point/area is unsafe or blocked due to the emergency, proceed to the alternate assembly point; Report to your Work Area Rep at the assembly point to be checked off as having evacuated safely; Specific safety requirements for TODAY. Today: NO testing of fire alarm systems
COURSE OUTLINE
Total duration: 1 day; Lecture: 1 day;
OUTLINE 1. Energy and environmental issues; 2. Classification of fuels; 3. Product specifications (TCVN system); 4. Product blending system; 5. Fuel additives; 6. Petroleum Products blending; 7. Blending calculation and learner programming.
COURSE OBJECTIVES When you complete this module you will be able: To grasp main characteristics of petroleum products and their significance in regard to needs of end-users; To grasp main specifications of petroleum products (TCVN); To grasp the general calculation in a refinery; To grasp the blending calculation and the product blending system.
COURSE ASSESSMENT Lecture: The multiple-choice (knowledge based questions) section of the test is scored based on the number of questions you answered correctly; Multi-choice test :
questions
Passing grade: 80%; No additional points are subtracted for questions answered incorrectly; Even if you are uncertain about the answer to a question, it is better to guess than not to respond at all.
INTRODUCTION
Introduction
The world’s primary energy consumption (this value varies depend on source).
Source : BP 2014
Introduction
Petroleum is one of the most important fuels derived fossil energy sources;
Petroleum-based fuels have been used to power automotive vehicles and industrial production for well over 100 years;
A large part of energy consumption is in form of engine fuels;
Fuels for internal combustion engines produced from primarily sources are composed of combustionable molecules;
Introduction
Different gas, liquid, and solid products are usable as engine fuels.
These fuels are classified:
Crude oil based: Gasoline, diesel fuels, and any other gas and liquid products;
Non-crude oil based: Natural gas based fuels (compressed natural gas (CNG))
Biofuels: methanol, ethanol, any other alcohols and different mixtures of them; biodiesel; biogas oil (mixtures of iso- and nparaffins from natural tryglicerides).
Introduction Environmental issues
Soot
C6H6
PM
Sulfur compounds + Oxyen → SOx → acids
Introduction European emission standards for light commercial vehicles ≤1305 kg, g/km
For Diesel
For Gasoline
Introduction European emission standards
Introduction
The path toward zero emissions…
Introduction
The progression toward zero emissions …
Introduction
The path toward zero emissions…
Introduction
EU gasoline specifications
Introduction
EU gasoline specifications
Introduction
European Gasoline specifications trends
Introduction
World context: High Low Low
RON,
sulfur content,
benzene content,
Limited
aromatics content,
Limited
olefins content,
No
lead
Introduction
World context: High octane gasoline requirement: RON = ... 90 → 92 → 95 → 98 →
???
Why we need High octane gasoline ?
Introduction New
gasoline specifications require:
Maintaining a high octane number;
Meeting reduced sulfur content;
Meeting reduced Aromatics and Benzene specifications;
Meeting reduced Olefines specifications.
I n t r o d u c t i o n
Introduction
Typicaly gasoline pool
Typicaly gasoline pool
composition in USA
composition in EU
(before 2000)
(before 2000)
Introduction
The mechanism of the development of vehicles and fuels
Introduction
Over the years, fuel specifications have evolved considerably to meet the changing demands of engine manufacturers and consumers;
Both engines and fuels have been improved due to environmental and energy efficiency considerations;
New processes have been developed to convert maximum refinery streams into useful fuels of acceptable quality at reasonable refinery margins.
Classification of fuels
Classification of fuels
The fuel industry categorizes the different types of fuels as follows:
Gasoline: A volatile mixture of liquid hydrocarbons generally containing small amount of additives suitable for use as a fuel in a spark - ignition internal combustion engine;
Unleaded gasoline: Any gasoline to which no lead have been intentionally added and which contains not more than 0.013 gram lead per liter (0.05 g lead/US gal);
E85 (E5) fuel: A blend of ethanol and hydrocarbons in gasoline with 75–85% (
