Referat Tonsilitis Sari

 

TGEGTHV

VLISAJAVAS NTLIAS GNSHSGTDHSA HNWV

LJGM? HBDHTSHTA MHBAFHM 4086803303880==

WIAUGTSAVHS BWMHBBHFAQHM BHJHIK EHNWJVHS NGFLNVG NGFLNVGTHI THI 4081

 

DHD A PGIFHMWJWHI

8.8 Jhthr Dgjhnhik Dgjhnhik Vlisaja lisajata tass bgruphn bgruphnhi hi pgrhfh pgrhfhikh ikhi i tlisaj tlisaj phjhta phjhtaih ih yhik bgruphn bgruphnhi hi  dhkahi fhra caicai whjfgygr. whjfgygr. Vlisajatas hfhjhm aiegnsa fhi aiejhbhsa phfh tlisaj. Pgiygdhrhi aiegnsa fhpht bgjhjua ufhrh (har dlig frlpjgts), thikhi fhi caubhi. Vlisaj lisajat atas as dash dash fasg fasgdhd dhdnh nhi i ljgm ljgm dg dgdg dgrh rhph ph og ogia iass dh dhnt ntgr graa fh fhi i va varu rus. s. Dgrfhs Dgr fhshrn hrnhi hi furhsa furhsa whntu, whntu, tlisaj tlisajata atass fadhka fadhka bgiohf bgiohfaa tlisaj tlisajjat jatas as hnut hnut fhi tlisajata tlisa jatass nrlian. nrlian. Vlisajatas lisajatas nrlias bgruphnhi bgruphnhi pgiyhnat pgiyhnat yhik phjaik phjaik sgraik sgraik tgrohfa tgro hfa fhra sgjurum sgjurum pgiyhnat pgiyhnat VMV. VMV. Fhth gpafgbaljlka gpafgbaljlka pgiyhnat pgiyhnat VMV fa tuoum prlvaisa fa Aifligsah, prgvhjgisa tlisajatas tlisajatas nrlias nrlias sgdgshr 3,=% tgrtaikka sgtgjh sgt gjhm m ihsleh ihslehrai raikat katas as hnut 6,5%. 6,5%. Mhsaj Mhsaj pgbgra pgbgransh nshhi hi phfh hihn-hi hihn-hihn hn fhi fgwhsh bgiuiounnhi tlthj pgiyhnat phfh tgjaikh mafuik fhi tgikklrlnhi  dgroubjhm 810-430 pgr 8.000 pgifufun fhi fafhphta 3=,6% fahithrhiyh bgruphnhi pgifgrath pgiyhnat tlisajatas nrlias. Dgrfhshrnhi fhth bgfachj rgclrf thmui 4080 fa TSWP fr B. Fohbaj Phfhik dhkahi VMVNJ suddhkahi jhraik ehraik, fatgbunhi tlisa tlisajatas jatas sgdhiyhn  657 fhra 8880 8880 nuiouikhi nuiouikhi fa Pljanj Pljanjaia aian n suddhk suddhkahi ahi jhraik jhraik ehraik ehraik fhi bgiohjhia bgioh jhia tlisajgntl tlisajgntlba ba sgdhiyhn 853 nhsus. nhsus. Sgfhiknhi aisafgi aisafgi

yhik yhik

tlisajata tlisajatass

nrliass fa TSWP fr. nrlia fr. Nhrahfa Sgbhrhik Sgbhrhik 43,35% sgdhkahi sgdhkahi dgshr fahithrhiyh fahithrhiyh  phfh usah 5-87 thmui. Vlisaja lisajata tass dhan dhan hnut bhupui bhupui nrlian nrlian fhpht fhpht tgr tgrohf ohfaa phfh sgbuh sgbuh ubu uburr, ihbui jgdam sgraik tgrohfa phfh hihn. Ehntlr yhik bgiohfa pgiygdhd uthbh mhj tgrsgdut hfhjhm ASPH ASPH fhi tlisajjatas tlisajjatas hnut yhik tafhn bgifhpht tgrhpa yhik hfgnuh hfg nuht. t. Vlisaja lisajatas tas jgdam jgdam ubub ubub phfh hihn-hi hihn-hihn hn usah usah 7-87 7-87 thmui thmui fgikhi fgikhi  prgvhjgisa tlisajjatas dhntgrahj 87-30% phfh

hihn

fgikhi

khikkuhi

tgikklrlnhi fhi 7-87% phfh fgwhsh fgikhi khikkuhi tgikklrlnhi. 8.4

Vuouhi

 

Vuouhi fhra pgiujashi rgegrht aia hfhjhm uitun bgikgthmua jgdam ohum tgithik tgith ik tlisajata tlisajatass tgrnhat tgrnhat fgeaiasa, fgeaiasa, ehntlr ehntlr rgsanl, rgsanl, phtleasalj phtleasaljlka, lka, kgohjh kgohjh njaias, njaias, fahkilsas, pgihthjhnshihhi, fhi nlbpjanhsaiyh. 8.3

Bhiehht Pgiujashi rgegrht aia famhrhpnhi bhbpu bgihbdhm pgikgthmuhi fhi  pgbhmhbhi pgiujas bhupui pgbdhch bgikgiha tlisajatas dgsgrth phtleasaljlka fhi pgihikhihihiiyh.

DHD AA VAIOHWHI PWSVHNH

 

4.8

Fgeaiasa Vlisajatas Nrlias sgchrh ubub fahrtanhi sgdhkha aiegnsa hthu aiejhb aie jhbhsa hsa

phfh phfh

fasg fasgdh dhdn dnhi hi

tlisaj tlisajhh

ljgm ljgm

phjhta phjhtaih ih yhik

sg sgrh rhik ikhi hi

ujhi ujhikh khi i

bgigth bgigthp. p.

Vlis lisaja ajata tass

fhra fhra Vli lisa saja jata tass

Hnut Hnut

Nrlias Nrlias yh yhik ik

bgikhnadhtnhi ngrushnhi yhik pgrbhigi phfh tlisaj. Lrkhiasbg phtlkgi fhpht bgigthp uitun sgbgithrh whntu hthupui uitun whntu yhik jhbh fhi bgikhnadhtnh bgikhnadhtnhi i kgohjh-kgoh kgohjh-kgohjh jh hnut ngbdhja ngbdhja ngtanh ngtanh fhyh thmhi tudum  pgifgrath bgikhjhba pgiuruihi (Cljbhi, 4008). Vlisajatas nrlian tabduj nhrgih rhikshikhi yhik bgihmui fhra rlnln, dgdgrhph dgdgrhph ogias bhnhihi, makagi mak agigg

bujut bujut

yhik

durun, durun,

pgikhr pgikhrum um

cuhch, cuhch,

ngjgjh ngjgjhmhi mhi

eas easan, an, fhi

 pgikldhthi tlisajatas hnut yhik tafhn hfgnuht. 4.4

Gtaljlka Vlisajatas tgrohfa fabujha shht nubhi bhsun ng tlisaj bgjhjua nrapthiyh sgchrh hgrlkgi yhatu frlpjgt yhik bgikhifuik nubhi tgrmashp ljgm ljg m mafuik mafuik ngbufa ngbufahi hi ihsleh ihslehrai raik k tgr tgrus us bhsun bhsun ng tlisaj tlisaj bhupui bhupui sgchrh sgchrh ellfdlri yhatu yhatu bgjhjua bujut bhsun dgrshbh bhnhihi. Gtaljlka pgiyhnat aia fhpht fasgdhdnhi ljgm sgrhikhi ujhikhi fhra Vlisajatas Hnut yhik bgikhnadhtnhi ngrushnhi pgrbhigi phfh tlisaj, hthu ngrushnhi aia fhpht tgrohf tgrohfaa

dajh dajh

ehsg ehsg rgslju rgsljusa sa tafhn tafhn sgbpur sgbpurih. ih. Dgd Dgdgrh grhph ph

lr lrkhi khiasb asbgg

fhpht fhpht

bgiygdhdnhi aiegnsa phfh tlisaj, tgrbhsun dhntgra hgrldan fhi hihgrldan, varus, ohbur, fhi phrhsat. Phfh pgifgrath tlisajatas nrlias ogias nubhi yhik phjaik sgraik hfhjhm Strgptlnlnus dgth mgbljatanus krup H (SDMKH). Strgpt Str gptlnln lnlnus us krup krup H hfhjhm hfhjhm ejlrh ejlrh ilrbhj ilrbhj phfh phfh lrlehr lrlehraik aik fhi ihsleh ihslehra raik. ik.  Ihbui fhpht bgiohfa phtmlkgi aiegnsaus yhik bgbgrjunhi pgikldhthi. Sgjh Sgjhai ai

atu atu

aieg aiegns nsaa

oukh oukh

fh fhph phtt

fa fasg sgdh dhdn dnhi hi

Mhgb Mhgblp lpma maju juss

ai aiej ejug ugiz izhg hg,,

Sthpmyjlclccus hurgus, S. Pigubliahg fhi Blrgxgjjh chthrrmhjas. Fhra mhsaj  pgigjatahi Suyatil fhi Shfgja (8117) nujtur hpushi tgikklrln fafhphtnhi  dhntgra krhb plsatae sgdhkha pgiygdhd tgrsgraik Vlisajlehraikatas Vlisajlehraikatas Nrlias yhatu

 

Strgptlnlnus hjeh ngbufahi faanuta Sthpmyjlclccus hurgus, Str Strgptlnlnus gptlnlnus dgth mgbljatan mgblj atanus us krup H, Sthpmyjlclccus Sthpmyjlclccus gpafgrbafas gpafgrbafas fhi nubhi krhb igkhtae  igkhtae   dgruph Gitgrldhntgr, Psguflblihs hgrukailsh, Njgdsagjjh fhi G.clja. Aiegnsa varus dahshiyh raikhi fhi fhpht tafhn bgbgrjunhi pgikldhthi yhik nmusus nhrgih fhpht fathikhia sgifara ljgm ngthmhihi tudum. Pgiygdhd pgitaik fhra aiegns aie gnsaa varus varus hfhjhm hfhjhm hfgilva hfgilvarus rus,, aiejug aiejugizh izh H, fhi mgrpgs mgrpgs sa sabpj bpjgns gns (phfh (phfh rgbhoh). Sgjhai atu aiegnsa varus oukh tgrbhsun aiegnsa fgikhi clxhcnagvarus H, yhik bgiygdhdnhi tabdujiyh vgsangj fhi ujsgrhsa phfh tlisaj. GpstgaiDhrr Dh rr yhik yhik bgiy bgiygdh gdhdn dnhi hi aieg aiegns nsaa blil bliliun iunjg jgls lsas as,, fh fhph phtt

bgiy bgiygdh gdhdn dnhi hi

 pgbdgshrhi tlisaj sgchrh cgpht sgmaikkh bgikhnadhtnhi ldstrunsa ohjhi ihphs yhik hnut. Aiegnsa ohbur sgpgrta Chifafh sp tafhn ohrhik tgrohfa nmususiyh fa nhjhikhi dhya hthu phfh hihn-hihn fgikhi abbuilclbprlbasgf. 4.3

Phtleasaljlka Vlisajjatas dgrhwhj fhra pgiujhrhi yhik tgrohfa bgjhjua frlpjgt fabhih nubhi bgikaieajtrhsa jhpashi gpatgj. Hfhiyh aiegnsa dgrujhik phfh tlisajj bgiygdhdnhi tlisa bgiygdhdnhi phfh suhtu whntu tlisaj tlisaj tafhn fhpht bgbduium bgbduium sgbuh nubhi

sgmaikkh sgmaikkh nubhi ngbufahi ngbufahi

dgrshrhik dgrshrhik fa tlisaj. tlisaj. Phfh

nghfhhi aiajhm euiksa pgrthmhihi tudum fhra tlisaj dgrudhm bgiohfa shrhik shrhi k aiegnsa aiegnsa (elnhj aiegnsa) fhi suhtu suhtu shht nubhi fhi tlnsai tlnsai fhpht bgiygdh bgi ygdhrr

ng

sgjuru sgjurum m

tudum tudum bash bashjiy jiyhh phfh phfh shht shht nghfhh nghfhhi i ubub ubub tudum tudum

bgiurui. bgiur ui. Dajh gpatgj gpatgj tgrnanas tgrnanas bhnh ohraikhi jabelaf jabelaf supgrnasthj supgrnasthj

dgrghnsa dgrghnsa

fabhih fab hih

jgunls jgunlsat at

tgrohf tgrohfaa

pgbdgi pgbdgifuik fuikhi hi

rhfhik rhfhik

fgikhi fgikhi

aieaj aieajtrh trhsa sa

 pljablreliunjghr.. Nhrgih prlsgs rhfhik dgrujhik yhik tabduj bhnh  pljablreliunjghr sgjhai sgjha i gpatgj gpatgj bunlsh bunlsh oukh ohraikhi ohraikhi jabelaf jabelaf fakhita fakhita ljgm ohraikhi ohraikhi phrut yhik hnhi bgikhjhba pgikgruthi sgmaikkh nrapta bgjgdhr. Sgchrh njaian  nraptaa aia thbphn faasa nrapt faasa ljgm fgtratus. fgtratus. Prlsgs Prlsgs dgrohjhi dgrohjhi tgrus sgmaikkh sgmaikkh bgigbdus nhpsuj tlisaj fhi hnmariyh bgiabdujnhi pgrjgnhthi fgikhi  ohraikhi fa sgnathr elssh tlisajhras. Phfh hihn fasgrtha fgikhi pgbdgshrhi ngjgiohr jabeh sudbhfadujhras

 

4.6

Kgohjh Nj Njaias Bhiaegsthsa njaian shikht dgrvhrahsa. Vhifh-thifh dgrbhnih hfhjhm iygra tgikklrlnhi yhik dgrujhik hthu bgigthp fhi ldstrunsa phfh shjurhi cgrih cgr ih fhi shjurh shjurhi i ihphs. ihphs. kgohjh kgohjh-kgo -kgohjh hjh nlista nlistatus tusaa fhpht fhpht fat fatgbu gbunhi nhi sgpgrt sgpgrtaa fgbhb, ihbui tafhn bgicljln. Phfh pgbgranshhi thbphn tlisaj bgbdgshr  fgikhi pgrbunhhi yhik tafhn rhth, nraptus bgjgdhr fhi dgdgrhph nrapta tgrasa tgrasa

ljgm ljgm

fgtra fgtratus tus..

Vgrhsh grhsh

hfh

yhik

bgikkh bgikkhioh iohjj

fa tgikklr tgikklrlnh lnhi, i,

tgikklrlnhi tgrhsh ngraik fhi ihphs yhik dgrdhu. Phfh tlisajjatas nrlian   oukh sgraik ububiy ubu biyhh

fasgrtha tgrfhp tgrfhpht ht

mhjatlsas

fhi

fuh khbdhr khbdhrhi hi

pgbdgshrhi tlisa tlisajj

ilfuj

yhik

sgrvanhj. Phfh

sgchrh sgchrh

bgiygj bgiygjuru urum m

fabhsunnhi fabhs unnhi ngfhjhb ngfhjhb nhtgklra nhtgklra tlisajjat tlisajjatas as nrlian dgruph (h) pgbdgshrhi pgbdgshrhi tlisaj nhrgih mapgrtrlea fasgrtha pgrjgnhthi ngohraikhi sgnathriyh, nrapth bgjgdhr fa hthsiyh tgrtutup ljgm gnsufht yhik purujgit. (d) tlisaj tgthp ngcaj, dashiyh bgikgraput, nhfhik-nhfhik sgpgrta tgrpgifhb fhjhb ‚tlisaj  dgf‒ fgikhi dhkahi tgpaiyh mapgrgbas, nrapth bgjgdhr fhi fahthsiyh f ahthsiyh thbphn  gnsufht yhik purujgit.

  Dgrfhs Dgr fhshrn hrnhi hi bgikun bgi kunur ur

rhsal rhsal

ohrhn ohrhn hithrh hithrh

pgrdhi pgrdhifai faikhi khi ngfuh ngfuh

pajhr pajhr

tlisaj tlisaj

hitgra hitgralr lr

fgikhi fgikhi

lrlehr lrlehraik aik,,

fadhifa fadhifaiknh iknhi i

fgikhi fgikhi

fgikhi fgikhi ohr ohrhn  hn 

 

 pgrbunhhi bgfahj ngfuh tlisaj, bhnh krhfhsa pgbdgshrhi tlisaj fhpht fadhka bgiohfa? V0 ? Vlisaj Vlisaj bhsun fa fhjhb elssh elssh V8 ? :47% vljubg tlisaj fadhifaiknhi fgikhi vljubg vljubg lrlehraik V4 ? 47-70% vljubg tlisaj fadhifaiknhi fgikhi vljubg lrlehraik V3 ? 70-;7% vljubg tlisaj fadhifaiknhi fgikhi vljubg vljubg lrlehraik V6 ? 9;7% vljubg tlisaj fadhifaiknhi fgikhi vljubg vljubg lrlehraik

Khbdhr 5. Thsal Pgrdhifaikhi Vlisaj Vlisaj Fgikhi Lrlehraik

 

Khbdhr ;. (H) Vlisajjhr mypgrtrlpmy krhfg-A tlisajs. (D) Krhfg-AA tlisajs. (C) KrhfgAAAtlisajs. (F) Krhfg-AU tlisajs (‚nassaik tlisajs‒) 4.5

Fahkilsas Fahkilsas Fahki lsas

uitun

tlisajjat tlisajjatas as

nrlian nrlian

fhpht

fatgkhnnhi

fgikhi

bgjhnunhi bgjhn unhi hihbigsas hihbigsas sgchrh sgchrh tgpht fhi cgrbht cgrbht sgrth sgrth pgbgranshh pgbgranshhi i easas easas yhik fajhnunhi sgchrh bgiygjurum uitun bgiyaiknarnhi nlifasa sastgban  hthu nlifasa yhik dgrnhathi yhik fhpht bgbdaikuiknhi fahkilsas. Phfh hihbigsas, pgifgrath dahshiyh fhthik fgikhi ngjumhi tlisajjatas dgrujhik  dgruph iygra tgikklrlnhi dgrujhik hthu bgigthp, rhsh hfh yhik bgikkhiohj fatgikklrln fatg ikklrln,, hfh rhsh ngraik ngraik fa tgikklrln, tgikklrln, ihphs dgrdhu, dgrdhu, arathsa arathsa phfh tgikklrlnhi, fhi ldstrunsa phfh shjurhi cgrih fhi shjurhi ihphs, yhik  phjaik

sgraik fasgdhdnhi

ljgm

hfgilaf

yhik

mapgrtlea. Kgohjhkgohjh

nlistatusa fhpht fatgbunhi sgpgrta fgbhb, ihbui tafhn bgicljln. Phfh hihn fhpht fatgbunhi hfhiyh pgbdgshrhi ngjhiohr ngjhiohr jabeh sudbhifadujhr. sudbhifadujhr. phfh  pgbgranshhi thbphn tlisaj bgbdgshr fgikhi pgrbunhhi yhik tafhn rhth, nraptus bgjgdhr fhi dgdgrhph nrapta tgrasa ljgm fgtratus. Phfh ububiyh

 

tgrfhpht tgrfh pht fuh khbdhrhi tlisaj tlisaj yhik sgchrh bgiygjur bgiygjurum um fabhsunnhi ngfhjhb ngfhjhb nhtgklra nhtgk lra tlisajjat tlisajjatas as nrlian. nrlian. Phfh Dahnhi Dahnhi tlisaj tlisaj fgikhi pgiyhnat pgiyhnat nrlias nrlias  dahshiyh bgiuiounnhi dgdgrhph lrkhiasbg yhik varujgisaiyh rgjhtavg rgifhm fhi phfh ngiyhthhiiyh ngiyhthhiiyh ohrhik ohrhik bgiuiounnhi bgiuiounnhi strgptlnln strgptlnlnus us dgth mgbljatan mgblj atanus. us. Pgbgranshhi Pgbgranshhi pgiuiohik yhik fhpht fajhnunhi phfh pgifgrath pgifgrath Vlisajatas Nrlias? 8. Banrldaljlka Pgihth Pgi hthjhn jhnshi shihhi hhi

fgikhi fgikhi

hitaba hitabanrl nrldh dh

sgraik sgraik

khkhj khkhj

uitun  uitun 

bgikgrhfanhs bgikgr hfanhsaa nubhi phtlkgi phtlkgi fhi bgicgkhm bgicgkhm ngnhbdumhi ngnhbdumhi aiegnsa aiegnsa phfh tlis tlisaj aj..

Ngkhk Ngkhkhj hjhi hi

bgik bgikgr grhf hfan anhs hsaa

lr lrkh khia iasb sbgg ph phtl tlkgi kgi fa fasg sgdh dhdn dnhi hi

ng ngta tafhn fhnsg sgsu suha hahi hi pgbdg pgbdgra rahi hi hi hita tada dalt ltan anhh ht hthu hu pgigt pgigtrh rhsa sa hi hita tada dalt ltan anhh yh yhik ik aihfgnuht (Mhbblufh gt hj, 4001). Kljf sthifhrf pgbgranshhi tlisaj hfhjhm nujtur fhra fhjhb tlisaj. Dgrfhshrnhi pgigjatahi Nuragi fa Aifah tgrmhfhp tgrmh fhp

60

pgifgrath pgifgrath

Vlisajatas lisajatas Nrlias Nrlias yhik fajhnunhi fajhnunhi tlisajgntl tlisajgntlba, ba,

fafh fafhpht phtnh nhi i ng ngsa sabp bpuj ujhi hi dh dhmw mwhh nu nujt jtur ur yh yhik ik fa fajh jhnun nunhi hi fgikh fgikhi i

swhd swhd

 pgrbunhhi tlisaj uitun bgigitunhi fahkilsas yhik hnurht tgrmhfhp ejlrh  dhntgra Vlisajatas Nrlias tafhn fhpht fapgrchyh fhi oukh vhjaf. Dhntgra  pgiygdhd tlisajatas tgrsgraik hfhjhm Krup H strgptlclccus D mgbljatanus. Fhgrhm Fhg rhm tgikklr tgikklrlnhi lnhi dhiyhn dhiyhn bgikhif bgikhifuik uik ejlrh ejlrh ilrbhj ilrbhj.. Pgrbun Pgrbunhhi hhi tlisaj tlisaj bgikhjhba bgikhj hba nlithbaihsa nlithbaihsa fgikhi

ejlrh ejlrh

ilrbhj ilrbhj

fa

shjurhi shjurhi

ihehs

hths.

Phtlkgi Phtlkg i yhik fafhphtnhi fafhphtnhi fhra fhgrhm aia dash ohfa dunhi bgruphnhi bgruphnhi  dhntgra yhik bgikaiegnsa tlisaj. Pgbgranshhi nujtur fhra pgrbunhhi tlisaj shoh tafhn sgjhju bgiuiounnhi dhntgra phtlkgi yhik sgdgihriyh, sgmaikkh pgbgranshhi dhntgraljlka fhpht fajhnunhi fgikhi swhd ohraikhi aita aita

tli tlisaj saj.. Pgbgra Pgbgransh nshhi hi

nujtur nujtur

fhra fhra

ait aitaa

tlisaj tlisaj

fhpht fhpht

bgbdgr bgbdgranhi anhi

khbdhrhi pgiygdhd tlisajatas yhik jgdam hnurht. Pgbgranshhi nujtur fhra aita tlisaj aia fajhnunhi sgshht sgtgjhm tlisajgntlba hthu fgikhi hsparhsa  ohrub mhjus fgikhi phsagi fadgranhi ihrnlsg jlnhj tgrjgdam fhmuju.

 

4. Mastlphtljlka Pgigjatahi yhik fajhnunhi Wkrhs fhi Nutjumhi thmui 400= fa Vurngy tgrmhfhp spgsabgi tlisaj, bgiuiounnhi dhmwh fahkilsh Vlisajatas Nrliass fhpht fatgkhnnhi Nrlia fatgkhnnhi dgrfhshrnhi dgrfhshrnhi pgbgranshhi pgbgranshhi mastlphtlj mastlphtljlka lka fgikhi takh nratgrah nratgrah mastlphtlj mastlphtljlka lka yhatu fatgbunhi fatgbunhi raikhiraikhi- sgfhik aieajtrhs aieajtrhsaa jabel jabelsat sat,,

hfhiyh hfhiyh

Wkrh‑ Wkrh‑ss

hdsgs hdsgs

fhi

aieat aieatrhs rhsaa

jabels jabelsat at

yhik

faeus. faeus.

Nlbdaihsa ngtakh mhj tgrsgdut fathbdhm tgbuhi mastlphtljlka jhaiiyh fhpht fgikhi ogjhs bgigkhnnhi fahkilsh Vlisajatas Nrlias 4.;

Fahkilsas Dh Dhifaik - Vlisajjatas faetgra Fasgdhdnhi ljgm nubhi Clryigdhctgraub fapmtgrahg.Vafhn sgbuh lrhik yhik tgraiegnsa ljgm nubhi aia hnhi shnat. Nghfhhi aia tgrkhituik  phfh tatgr hitatlnsai fhjhb fhrhm. Vatgr Vatgr hitatlnsai sgdgshr 0,03 sht/cc frhm fhpht fahikkhp cunup bgbdgranhi fhshr abuiaths. Vlisajjatas faetgra sgraik fatgbunhi phfh hihn dgrusah nurhik fhra 80 thmui fhi ergnugisa tgrtaikka  phfh usah -7 thmui. Kgohjh njaian tgrdhka fhjhb 3 kljlikhi yhatu? ubub, jlchj, fhi kgohjh hnadht gnsltlnsai. Kgohjh ubub shbh sgpgrta kgohjh aiegnsa aiegn sa jhaiiyh jhaiiyh yhatu ngihanhi ngihanhi sumu tudum dahshiyh dahshiyh sudegdras sudegdras,, iygra ngphjh, tafhn ihesu bhnhi, dhfhi jgbhm, ihfa jhbdht sgrth ngjumhi iygra bgigjhi. Kgohjh jlchj yhik thbphn dgruph tlisaj bgbdgiknhn fatutupa  dgrchn putam nltlr yhik bhnai jhbh bhnai bgjuhs fhi dgrshtu bgbdgitun bgbdrhig sgbu (psguflbgbdrhi) yhik bgjgnht grht phfh fhshriyh sgmaikkh dajh fahiknht hnhi bufhm dgrfhrhm. Oanh aiegnsaiyh  dgrohjhi tgrus, ngjgiohr jabeh jgmgr hnhi bgbdgiknhn sgfgbanahi dgshriyh sgmaikkh jgmgr bgiygrupha jgmgr shpa (dujj igcn). Kgohjh hnadht gnsltlnsai hnhi bgiabdujnhi bgiabdujnhi ngrushnhi ngrushnhi ohraikhi ohraikhi tudum yhatu phfh ohituik ohituik fhpht tgrohfa balnhrfatas shbpha fgclbpgishtal clrfas, phfh shrhe nrhiahj fhpht bgiygdhdnhi bgiygdh dnhi ngjubpumhi ngjubpumhi ltlt phjhtub phjhtub fhi ltlt-ltlt ltlt-ltlt pgrihphshi pgrihphshi fhi

 

 phfh kaiohj bgiabdujnhi hjdubaiurah. - Ehraikatas Bgruph Bgr uphnhi nhi pgrhfh pgrhfhikhi ikhi faifai faifaik k jhr jhraik aik yhik yhik fhpht fhpht fasgdhd fasgdhdnhi nhi ljgm ljgm varus, dhntgra, hjgrka, trhubh fhi tlnsai.Aiegnsa dhntgra fhpht bgiygdhdnhi ngrushnhi ngrush nhi ohraikhi ohraikhi yhik mgdht, nhrgih dhntgra dhntgra aia bgjgpsnhi bgjgpsnhi tlnsai tlnsai gntrhsgjujgr yhik fhpht bgiabdujnhi fgbhb rgubhtan, ngrushnhi nhtup  ohituik, hnadht

kjlbgrujligpmratas tgrdgituniy tgrdgituniyhh

hnut

nlbpjgns nlbpjgns

nhrgih hitakgi hitakgi

euiksa

kjlbgrujus tgrkhikku

hitadlfy hitadlfy.Kgohj .Kgohjhh

njaias njaias

sgchrh sgchrh

ubub phfh ehraikatas dgruph fgbhb, iygra tgikklrln, tgikkl rln, sujat bgigjhi, fhi iygra ngphjh.Phfh pgbgranshhi thbphn tlisaj bgbdgshr, ehraik fhi tlisaj mapgrg map grgba bass

fhi

tgrfhph tgrfhphtt

gnsufht gnsufht fa

pgrbun pgrbunhhi hhiiyh. iyh.

Dgdgrh Dgdgrhph ph

mhra mhra

ngbufahi ngbufa hi tabduj tabduj dgrchn pgtgcmahg pgtgcmahg phfh phjhtub phjhtub fhi ehraik. ehraik. Ngjgiohr  Ngjgiohr  jabeh hitgralr bgbdgshr, ngiyhj, fhi iygra phfh pgignhihi. - Ehraikatas Jgutanh Khbdhrhi Khbdh rhi

njaian njaian

tgrkhitui tgrkhituik k

phfh

sthfaub sthfaub

pgiyhnat pgiyhnat

prabgr prabgr,

sgnuifgr hthu tgrsagr. tgrsagr. Phfh pgiyhnat aia thbphn hfhiyh dgrchn ngputamhi  phfh jafhm, phjhtub bljg, tlisaj, fhi faifaik plstgralr ehraik. Dajh aiegnsa aiegn sa tgrus dgrjhiksuik dgrjhiksuik bhnh hnhi tabduj tabduj ujnus phfh fhgrhm ehraik yhik tafhn iygra. Sgjhai atu oukh fatgbunhi hfhiyh pgbdgshrhi ngjgiohr  bhifadujh yhik tafhn iygra tgnhi. - Ehraikatas Vudgrnujlsas Bgruphnhi prlsgs sgnuifgr fhra tudgrcujlsas phru. Kgohjh njaian   phfh ehraikatas tudgrcujlsas dgruph ngfhhi ubub phsagi yhik durun  nhrgih hilrgsah fhi lfailehkah.Phsagi bgikgjum iygra mgdht fatgikklrln, iygra fatgjaikh hthu lthjkah sgrth pgbdgshrhi ngjhiohr jabeh sgrvanhj. Pgiyhnat-pgiy Pgiyhna t-pgiyhnat hnat

fahths, fahths, ngjumhi ngjumhi ububiyh dgrmudu dgrmuduikhi ikhi fgikhi fgikhi

iygra tgikklrln fhi ngsujathi bgigjhi. Fahkilsh phsta dgrfhshrnhi d grfhshrnhi phfh  pgbgranshhi sgrljlka, mhpushi ohraikhihthu nujtur, ]-rhy fhi dalpsy

 

4.;

Vhthjhnshih Pgihthjhnshihhi uitun tlisajjatas nrlian tgrfara hths tgrhpa bgfanhbgitlsh

fhi lpgrhtae. 8. Bgfanhbgitlsh Vgrhpa aia fatuounhi phfh mykagig bujut fgikhi chrh dgrnubur  hthu ldht ashp, pgbdgrahi pgbdgrahi hitadaltac hitadaltac,, pgbdgr pgbdgrsamhi samhi nrapth nrapth tlisaj tlisaj fgikhi hjht arakhsa kaka hthu lrhj. Pgbdgrahi hitadaltanh sgsuha nujtur. nujtur. Pgbdgrahi hitada hit adalta ltanh nh

yhik

dgrbhi dgrbhiehh ehhtt

phfh

pgifgr pgifgrath ath

tlisaj tlisajata atass nrlias nrlias

yhatu yhatu

hitadaltan kljlikhi pgiasajai bgruphnhi hitadaltan pajamhi phfh sgdhkahi  dgshr nhsus nhrgih gegntae fhi mhrkhiyh jgdam burhm. Ihbui, phfh hihn  fadhwhm 84 thmui, kljlikhi sgehjlsplrai bgiohfa pajamhi uthbh nhrgih jgdam gegntae tgrmhfhp strgptlclccus.Kljlikhi bhnrljafh fhpht fakuihnhi mhiyh oanh tgrfhpht tgrfhpht hjgrka hjgrka tgrmhfhp tgrmhfhp pgiasajai, pgiasajai, mhj aia fasgdhdnhi fasgdhdnhi gegn  shbpaik yhik fatabdujnhi kljlikhi bhnrljafh jgdam dhiyhn. 4. Lpgrhtae  Witun tgrhpa pgbdgfhmhi fajhnunhi fgikhi bgikhiknht tlisaj (tlisajgntlba). Vlisajgntlba Vlisajgntlba fajhnunhi dajh tgrhpa nlisgrvhtae khkhj. - Aifanhsa Vlisajgntlba Witun nghfhhi gbgrkgicy sgpgrta hfhiyh ldstrunsa shjurhi ihphs, aifanh aif anhsa sa tlisaj tlisajgnt gntlba lba sufhm sufhm tafhn tafhn fapgrf fapgrfgdh gdhtnhi tnhi jhka jhka (aifan (aifanhsa hsa hdslju hdsljut). t).  Ihbui, aifanhsa rgjhtae tlisajgntlba phfh nghfhhi ili gbgrkgicy fhi  pgrjuiyh dhthshi usah phfh nghfhhi aia bhsam bgiohfa pgrfgdhthi. Sgduhm ngpusthnhhi bgiygdutnhi bgiygdu tnhi dhmwh usah tafhn bgigitunhi dljgm tafhniyh fajhnunhi fajh nunhi

tlisajgntl tlisajgntlba. ba. Aifanhsa Aifanhsa

bgiygdh bgi ygdhdnh dnhi i

khikkuh khikkuhi i

tafur tafur

hdsljut? hdsljut? (sj (sjggp ggp

h)

hpigu) hpigu)

Mapgrpjhsa Mapgrpjhsahh tlisaj tlisaj yhik

tgr tgrnha nhatt

yhik fgikhi fgikhi

clrpujblihj. d) curakh ngkhihshi (mapgrtrlpa tlisaj yhik uiajhtgrhj). c)

 

Vlisaj lisajata atass

yhik bgiabd bgiabdujnh ujnhi i

ngohik ngohik

fgbhb fgbhb

(yhik (yhik

bgb bgbgrj grjunhi unhi

tlisajgntlba Xuaicy). f) pgrfhrhmhi tlisaj yhik pgrsastgi fhi rgnurgi. Aifanhsa Tgjhtae? h) Vlisajjatas Vlisajjatas hnut yhik dgrujhik d grujhik (V (Vgrohfa grohfa 3 gpaslfg hthu jgdam aiegnsa tlisaj pgr thmui). d) hdsgs pgratlisajhr. c). tlisajjatas nrlian  fgikhi shnat tgikklrnhi yhik pgrsastgi, mhjatlsas, hthu hfgiatas hfg iatas grvachj. f). sujat bgigjhi. g). tlisajjljatmahsas. e). khikkuhi phfh lrlehcahj hthu kaka (bgikhnadhtnhi shjurhi dhkahi hths sgbpat). k). Chrragr strgptlclccus tafhn dgrgspli tgrmhfhp tgrhpa). m). ltatas bgfah rgcurgi rgcurgi hthu nrlian. Hfhpui aifanhsa tlisajgntlba bgiurut Vmg Hbgrachi le Ltljhryikljlky-mghf hif  Igcn Surkgry Cjaiachj Aifachtlrs Clbpgifaub 8117 hfhjhm? h. Sgrhikhi tlisajjatas jgdam fhra 3x pgrthmui whjhupui tgjhm bgifhpht tgrhpa yhik hfgnuht  d. Vlisaj mapgrtrlea yhik bgiabdujnhi bhjlnjusa kaka fhi bgiygdhdnhi khikkuhi pgrtubdumhi lrlehcahj c. Subdhthi ohjhi ihphs yhik dgruph mapgrtrlea tlisaj fgikhi subdhthi  ohjhi

ihphs, sjggphpigu, khikkuhi bgigjhi, khikkuhi dgrdachrh fhi clr 

 pujblihjg. f. Tmaiatas fhi saiusatas yhik nrlias, n rlias, pgratlisajatas, hdsgs pgratlisaj yhik tafhndgrmhsaj majhik fgikhb pgikldhthi g. Ihphs dhu yhik tafhn dgrmhsaj fgikhi pgikldhthi e. Vlisajjatas dgrujhik yhik fasgdhdnhi ljgm dhntgra d hntgra krup H Strgptlnlnus  dgth mgbljatanus k. Mapgrtrlea tlisaj yhik facurakha hfhiyh ngkhihshi m. Ltatas bgfah geush/ltatas bgfah supurhtae 

- Nlitrhaifanhsa Vlisajgntlba

 

Vgrfhpht dgdgrhph nghfhhi yhik fasgdut sgdhkha nlitrhaifanhsa, ihbui dajh sgdgjubiyh fhpht fahthsa, lpgrhsa fhpht fajhnshihnhi fgikhi fgikh i tgthp tgth p bgbpgrmatu bgbpgrmatuiknhi iknhi abdhik abdhik bhiehht bhiehht fhi rasanl. rasanl. Nghfhhi Nghfhhi tgrsgdut tgrsgdut yhnia? khikkuhi pgrfhrhmhi, rasanl higstgsa yhik dgshr hthu pgiyhnat dgrht, higbah, fhi aiegnsa hnut yhik dgrht. - Pgrsahphi Phsagi Vlisajgntlba Vlisajgntlba Ngtanh fachpha ngputushi uitun bgjhnunhi tlisajgntlba mhrus fashfhra fashf hra dhmwh buiknai buiknai taifhnhi taifhnhi aia bgruphnhi bgruphnhi prlsgfur prlsgfur pgbdgfhmhi pgbdgfhmhi yhik pgrthbh pgrthbh nhja dhka phsagi. phsagi. Tawhyht Tawhyht pgiyhnat pgiyhnat yhik nlbpjat nlbpjat fhi  pgbgranshhi easan sgdhaniyh fajhnunhi fgikhi pgrmhtahi nmusus tgrmhfhp hf hfhi hiyh yh

kh khik ikku kuhi hi

yh yhik ik

dg dgrs rsae aeht ht

fa fatu turu ruin inhi hi

tg tgru ruth thbh bh

ng ngcg cgif ifgr grui uikh khi i

tgrohfaiyh pgifhrhmhi. Fashbpaik atu rawhyht shufhrh phsagi yhik buiknai bgikhjhba ngsujathi fgikhi hihstgsa ubub sgdhaniyh fangthmua uitun uit un bgiyai bgiyaikna knarnh rnhi i

ngbuikn ngbuiknaih aihi i

hfhiyh hfhiyh

mapgrt mapgrtgrb grbah ah

bhjaki bhjakih. h.

Pgbgranshh Pgbgr anshhi i Jhd sgpgrta sgpgrta whntu whntu trlbdlpj trlbdlpjhsta hstai i phrsahj, phrsahj, whntu prltrlbdai, prltrlbdai,  oubjhm trlbdlsat, pgbgranshhi matuik fhrhm

nlbpjat

fhi

uraihjash

sgdhaniyh fajhnunhi. Sgjhai atu pgbgranshhi hitastrgptljasai hitastrgptljasai tatgr L (HSL) fajhnunhi fajh nunhi uitun bgikgthmua bgikgthmua taiknht taiknht aiegnsa aiegnsa sgrth sgrth sgdhkha shjhm shtu aifanhsa tlisajgntlba. Hitastgptljasai bgiaiknht phfh baikku pgrthbh fhi bgichpha bgichp ha puichniyh puichniyh phfh baikku baikku ngtakh ngtakh shbpha shbpha nggihb nggihb sgtgjhm sgtgjhm aiegnsa. aiegnsa. Pgbgranshhi fanhthnhi plsatae dajh nlisgitrhsa HSL fhjhb sgrub fhrhm jgdam fh fhra ra 40 400 0 AW/b AW/bj. j.

Sg Sgjh jhai ai

atu atu

pg pgbg bgra rans nshh hhi i

rh rhka kalj ljlk lkaa

fh fhfh fh

fh fhi i

gjgntrlnhrfalkrhb sgdhaniyh fajhnunhi sgdgjub pgbdgfhmhi. pgbdgfhmhi. - Nlbpjanhsa Vlisajgntlba Nlbpjanhsa shht pgbdgfhmhi fhpht dgruph pgrfhrhmhi fhi trhubh hnadhtt hnadh

hjht. Oubjhm Oubjhm

pgrfhrhmhi pgrfhrhmhi sgjhbh sgjhbh

pgbdgfhmhi pgbdgfhmhi tgrkhituik tgrkhituik phfh

nghfhhi phsagi fhi ehntlr lpgrhtlriyh sgifara. Pgrfhrhmhi buiknai jgdam  dhiyhn dajh tgrfhpht ohraikhi phrut yhik dgrjgdamhi hthu hfhiyh aiegnsa

 

hnut sgpgrta tlisajatas hnut hthu hdsgs pgratlisaj. Phfh P hfh lpgrhtlr yhik jgdam  dgrpgikhjhbhi fhi tgrhbpaj, ngbuiknaihi tgrohfa bhiapujhsa trhubh fhi ngrushnhi ohraikhi jgdam sgfanat sgmaikkh pgrfhrhmhi oukh hnhi sgfanat. Pgrfhrhmhi Pgrfhr hmhi yhik tgrohfa tgrohfa nhrgih pgbdujum pgbdujum fhrhm nhpajgr nhpajgr hthu vgih ngcaj yhik rldgn ububiyh dgrmgita splithi hthu fadhitu fgikhi thbpli tgnhi. Pgifhrhmhi yhik tafhn dgrmgita d grmgita splithi hthu dgrhshj fhra pgbdujum fhrhm yhik jgdam dgshr, famgitanhi fgikhi pgikanhthi hthu fgikhi nhutgrashsa. Dajh fgikhi chrh fa hths tafhn bgiljlik, bhnh phfh elsh tlisaj fajgthnnhi thbpli hthu kgjelhb ngbufahi pajhr hitgralr fhi pajhr plstgralr faohmat. Dajh bhsam oukh khkhj, fhpht fajhnunhi jakhsa hrtgra nhrltas gnstgrih. Fhra jhplrhi dgrdhkha ngpusthnhhi, ububiyh pgrfhrhmhi yhik tgrohfa phfh chrh kuajjltaig kuajjltaig jgdam sgfanat sgfanat

fhra

chrh

fasgnsa. fasgnsa. Vr Vrhubh hubh

hnadht hjht

ububiyh ububi yh dgruph ngrushnhi ngrushnhi ohraikhi ohraikhi fa sgnathriyh sgnathriyh sgpgrta sgpgrta ngrushnhi ngrushnhi  ohraikhi faifaik dgjhnhik ehraik, dadar tgrogpat, kaka phthm hthu fasjlnhsa sgifa tgbplrlbhifadujh shht pgbhshikhi hjht pgbdunh bujut. Nlbpjanhsa  phsch dgfhm

fhpht

fakljliknhi dgrfhshrnhi whntu tgrohfaiyh yhatu

abbgfahtg, aitgrbgfahtg fhi jhtg clbpjachtali. Nlbpjanhsa sgkgrh (abbgfahtg clbpjachtali) phsch dgfhm fhpht  dgruph pgrfhrhmhi fhi nlbpjanhsa yhik dgrmuduikhi fgikhi higstgsa. Pgrfhrhmhi sgkgrh hthu fasgdut oukh pgrfhrhmhi prabgr hf hfhjhm hjhm pgrfhrhmhi yhik tgrohfa fhjhb 46 ohb pgrthbh pgrthbh phsch dgfhm. Nghfhhi aia cunup  dgrdhmhyh nhrgih phsagi bhsam fapgikhruma ldht daus fhi rgejgns dhtun   dgjub

sgbpurih

sgmaikkh

fhrhm

fhpht

bgiyubdht

ohjhi

ihphs

bgiygdhdnhi hseansa. Pgiygdhdiyh fafukh nhrgih n hrgih mgblsthsas yhik tafhn  cgrbhtt hthu tgrjgphsiy cgrbh tgrjgphsiyhh anhthi. anhthi. pgrfhrhmhi pgrfhrhmhi fhi arathsa arathsa bunlsh fhpht facgkhm fgikhi bgjgthnnhi acg cljjhr fhi bgiknlisubsa bhnhihi juihn  fhi baiubhi baiubhi faikai. faikai. Phsch dgfhm, nlbpjanhsa nlbpjanhsa yhik tgrohfa tgrohfa ngbufahi ngbufahi (aitgrbg fahtg clbpjachtali) fhpht dgruph pgrfhrhmhi sgnuifgr, sgnui fgr, mgbhtlb fhi

gfgb gfgb

uvujh, uvujh,

aiegns aiegnsa, a,

nlbpja nlbpjanhs nhsaa

phru phru

fhi

lthjka lthjkahh Pgrfhr Pgrfhrhmhi hmhi

 

sgnuifgr hfhjhm pgrfhrhmhi yhik tgrohfa sgtgjhm 46 ohb phsch dgfhm. Wbubiy Wbu biyhh tgrohf tgrohfaa

phfh phfh mhra mhra

ng 7-80. 7-80. Ohr Ohrhik hik tgr tgrohf ohfaa

fhi pgiygdh pgiygdhd d

tgrsgraik tgrs graik hfhjhm aiegnsa aiegnsa sgrth sgrth trhubh trhubh hnadht bhnhihi> bhnhihi> fhpht oukh ljgm nhrgih anhthi anhthi ohmathi ohmathi yhik tgrjgphs, tgrjgphs, ohraikhi ohraikhi krhiujhsa krhiujhsa yhik bgiutupa bgiutupa elsh elsh

tlisaj tlisaj

tgrjhj tgrjhju u

cgpht cgpht

tgrjgp tgrjgphs hs

sgdgju sgdgjub b

junh junh

sgbdum sgbdum

sgmaik sgmaikkh kh

 pgbdujum fhrhm fa dhwhmiyh tgrdunh fhi tgrohfa pgrfhrhmhi. Pgrfhrhmhi mgdht ohrhik tgrohfa tgrohfa

nhrgih ububiyh ububiyh dgrhshj dgrhshj

fhra pgbdujum pgbdujum

fhrhm

 pgrbunhhi. Chrh pgihikhihiiyh shbh fgikhi pgrfhrhmhi prabgr. prabgr. Phfh  pgikhbhthi phsch tlisajgntlba, phfh mhra ng fuh uvujh bgikhjhba gfgb. Ignrlsas uvujh ohrhik tgrohfa, fhi dajh faoubpha dahshiyh hnadht ngrushnhi ngrus hnhi dajhtgrhj dajhtgrhj pgbdujum pgbdujum fhrhm yhik bgifhrhma bgifhrhma uvujh. Bgsnapui Bgsnapui  ohrhik tgrohfa, nlbpjanhsa aiegnsa bgjhjua dhntgrgbah fhpht bgikgiha lrkhi-lrkhi jhai sgpgrta kaiohj fhi sgifa hthu buiknai fhpht tgrohfa giflnhrfatas. Kgohjh lthjkah dahshiyh bgruphnhi iygra hjam fhra elsh tlisaj, tgthpa tgthpa

nhfhiknhfhik-nhfh nhfhik ik bgruph bgruphnhi nhi

 pgiohjhrhi tlisajgntl tlisa jgntlba ba

aiegnsa

bgjhjua

buiknai buiknai

tudh

tgrohfa, tgrohfa,

kgohjh kgohjh

ltatas ltatas

bgfah bgfah

hnut hnut

Gusthcmaus. Hdsgs phrhehraik

nhrgih

sgchrh

hihtlban

elsh

nhrgih nhrgih hnadht tlisaj

 dgrmuduikhi fgikhi ruhik phrhehraik. Fgikhi ngbhouhi tgnian higstgsa, nlbpjanhsa nlbpj anhsa phru ohrhik ohrhik tgrohfa tgrohfa fhi aia dahshiyh hnadht hnadht hsparhsa hsparhsa fhrhm hthu hthu  pltlikhi ohraikhi tlisaj. Jhtg clbpjachtali phsch tlisajgntlba fhpht  dgruph ohraikhi phrut fa phjhtub bljg. Dajh dgrht, kgrhnhi phjhtub tgrdhths fhi bgiabdujnhi railjhjah. Nlbpjanhsa jhai hfhjhm hfhiyh sash  ohraikhi tlisaj. Dajh sgfanat ububiyh tafhn bgiabdujnhi kgohjh, tgthpa  dajh cunup dhiyhn fhpht bgikhnadhtnhi tlisajatas hnut hthu hdsgs pgratlisaj.

 

Nlbpjanhsa tlisajgntlba fhpht dgruph ? • Abbgfahtg hif Fgjhygf Mgblrrmhkg • Plstlpgrhtavg Harwhy Clbprlbasg ?Ohrhik tgrohfa, dahshiyh fasgdhdnhi ljgm tgrjgphsiyh dgnuhi-dgnuhi, tgrjgphsiyh ohraikhi hfgiltlisajjhr, hfgiltlisajjhr, plst lpgrhsa gfgbh lrlpmhraikghj, hthu mgbhtlb rgtrlpmhryikghj. • Fgmafrhsa • Pujblihry Gfgbh? Fasgdhdnhi ljgm pgbdgdhshi sgchrh tadh-tadh ohjhi ihphs ihp hs

yhik yhik ldstr ldstruns unsaa

bgikhnadhtn bgikhn adhtnhi hi

nhrgih nhrgih

mapgrt mapgrtrlp rlpaa

pgiuruihi pgiuruihi bgifhfhn bgifhfhn

hfgilt hfgiltlis lisajj ajjhr hr

tgnhihi tgnhihi

aitrhtlrhc aitrhtlrhchj, hj,

yhik

jhbh, jhbh,

pgiaiknhthi pgiaiknhthi

vljubgg fhrhm phru, fhi pgiaiknhthi vljub pgiaiknhthi tgnhihi tgnhihi mafrlstht mafrlsthtan an yhik fhpht tgrohfa sgkgrh hthu dgdgrhph ohb sgtgjhm pgbdgdhshi ohjhi ihphs. • Ihslpmhryikghj Stgilsas ? nlbpjanhsa yhik ohrhik fhra ohraikhi phrut • Gusthcmahi Vudg Fyseuictali • Hsparhtali Pigubliah? ohrhik tgrohfa, dahshiyh hnadht hsparhsa fhra dgnuhi fhrhm .

 

DHD AAA NGSABPWJHI

Vlisajatas lisajatas hfhjhm aiegnsa aiegnsa hthu aiejhbhsa aiejhbhsa phfh tlisajh tlisajh phjhtaih phjhtaih yhik bgigthp. Vlisajatas Nrlias fasgdhdnhi ljgm sgrhikhi ujhikhi fhra Vlisajatas Hnut yhik yhi k

bgikhn bgikhnadh adhtnh tnhi i

ngrush ngrushnhi nhi

yhik yhik

pgrbhi pgrbhigi gi

phfh phfh

tlisaj tlisaj.. Nhrhnt Nhrhntgra grasta stan  n 

 pgiyhnat aia hfhjhm iygra tgikklrlnhi yhik dgrujhik hthu bgigthp fhi ldstrunsa phfh shjurhi cgrih fhi shjurhi ihphs. Kgohjh-kgohjh nlistatusa fhpht fatgbunhi sgpgrta fgbhb, ihbui tafhn bgicljln. Fahkilsas fatgkhnnhi bgjhjua khbdhrhi njaias fhi  pgbgranshhi banrldaljlka fhi mastlphtljlka.

 

FHEVHT PWSVHNH

8. Sgbdaraik TL, Olmi P, Ljavah [. Afgitaeanhsa [. Afgitaeanhsa dhntgra fhi uoa ngpgnhhi tgrmhfhp hitadaltan phfh pgifgrath tlisajatas fa Pljanjaian VMV-NJ DJW  TSW. Prle. Fr. Fr. T.F. Nhiflu Bhihfl pgralfg Ilvgbdgr 4084-Ohiuhra 4083.. Ourihj G-dalbgfan. 4083> 8(4)?8073-;. 4083 4. Tusbhrolil, Geahty HS.  Ehraikatas, tlisajatas, tlisajatas, fhi mapgrtrlea mapgrtrlea hfgilaf. Fhjhb?  Asnhifhr I, Geahty O, Ogiiy D, Thtih F,Gfatlr. F,Gfatlr. Dunu Hohr Ajbu Mjb. 48;-47.  Ngsgmhthi VMV-NJ VMV-NJ.. Ohnhrth? Dhjha Pgigrdat ENWA> 400;. Mjb. 3. Uavat S. Nhrhntgrastan  Nhrhntgrastan pgifgrath tlisajatas tlisajatas nrlias yhik faaifanhsanhi tlisajgntlba fa dhkahi VMV Tubhm Shnat Wbub Thfgi Bhtthmgr Ohbda phfh Dujhi  Bga-Ouja 4083. Wiavgrsaths Ohbda  Ohbda ^aitgrigtR. 4083. ^fasathsa hpraj 4085R. Vgrsgfah fhra? mttp?//www.g-ourihj.clb/ mttp?//www .g-ourihj.clb/ 4086/80/thikkhj 85 nhrhntgrastan-pgifgrath-tlisajatas.mtbj. 6. Pujuikhi BT, Ilvahjfa I. Banrlda I. Banrldaljlka ljlka tlisajatas nrlias.Phfhik? nrlias.Phfhik? Ehnujths Ngflntgrhi Wiavgrsaths Hifhjhs Phfhik> 4080. 7. Gplcrhtgs. Vlisajjatas gpafgbaljlky.HiHtmgihmghjtm Sgrvacg^aitgrigtR. Sgrvacg^aitgrigtR. 4087 ^fasathsa thikkhj 8 bga 4085R. Vgrsgfah fhra? mttp?//lijag.gplcrhtgs.clb/fasghsgs/71=43/V mttp?//lijag.gplcrhtgs.clb/fasghsgs/ 71=43/Vlisajjatas/Gpafgbaljlk lisajjatas/Gpafgbaljlk