RE_5 Configuration Guideline
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Description
Protection & Control Terminals REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline
1MRS750745-MUM Issued: Version:
20.10.1998 M/27.10.2006
Protection & Control Terminals
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
Contents 1. About this manual .....................................................................9 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5. 1.6. 1.7.
General .........................................................................................9 Use of symbols ..............................................................................9 Document conventions ................................................................10 Abbreviations ..............................................................................10 Terminology ................................................................................11 Related documents .....................................................................11 Document revisions .....................................................................12
2. Safety information ...................................................................13 3. Relay Configuration Tool .......................................................15 4. Specification for relay configuration .....................................17 5. Editing the relay configurations ............................................19 5.1. Getting started .............................................................................19 5.1.1. Libraries ...........................................................................19 5.1.2. Program organisation unit ................................................21 5.1.3. Logical POUs ...................................................................23 5.1.4. Physical hardware ............................................................25 5.1.4.1. Configuration ......................................................26 5.1.4.2. Resource for REF 54_, REM 54_ and REC 523 ......................................................27 5.1.4.3. Resource for REF 54_ Release 2.5 or later, REC 523 revision F and RET 54_ ......................37 5.1.4.4. Tasks ..................................................................47 5.2. Declaring variables ......................................................................49 5.2.1. Global variables ...............................................................52 5.2.2. Local variables .................................................................52 5.3. Compiling project ........................................................................57 5.4. Add-on protocol ...........................................................................57 5.5. Downloading the configuration ....................................................57 5.5.1. REF 54_ Release 2.5, RET 54_ and REC 523 revision F additions ..........................................59
6. Main configuration rules ........................................................63 6.1. 6.2. 6.3. 6.4.
General .......................................................................................63 Digital inputs and outputs ............................................................63 Explicit feedback path .................................................................64 Analog inputs ..............................................................................65
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6.5. 6.6. 6.7. 6.8.
Error outputs of application function blocks ................................ 66 Warnings ..................................................................................... 67 Execution order ........................................................................... 67 F-key ........................................................................................... 68
7. Engineering tips ..................................................................... 71 7.1. Horizontal communication .......................................................... 71 7.1.1. Guideline for using LON NV-variables in PLC logic ......... 71 7.1.1.1. COMM_IN .......................................................... 71 7.1.1.2. COMM_OUT ...................................................... 72 7.1.1.3. Cyclic sending generation .................................. 73 7.1.1.4. Cyclic communication check .............................. 74 7.1.1.5. Blocking ............................................................. 74 7.1.1.6. Control of objects ............................................... 75 7.1.1.7. Bypass mode ..................................................... 76 7.2. Events from the measurement function blocks ........................... 76
8. APPENDIX A: Relay configuration procedure ..................... 77 9. APPENDIX B: Specification for REF 54_ feeder terminal configuration ........................................................... 79 9.1. General data ............................................................................... 79 9.2. Electrotechnical data .................................................................. 80 9.2.1. Analog inputs ................................................................... 80 9.2.2. System frequency ............................................................ 81 9.2.3. Digital inputs .................................................................... 81 9.2.4. Digital outputs .................................................................. 84 9.2.5. RTD module .................................................................... 88 9.2.5.1. RTD/analog inputs ............................................. 88 9.2.5.2. RTD outputs ....................................................... 89 9.3. Functionality ................................................................................ 89 9.3.1. Order number .................................................................. 89 9.3.2. Application function blocks used ..................................... 90 9.3.3. Communication ................................................................ 91 9.4. Relay MIMIC configuration ......................................................... 93 9.4.1. Illustration of the system, MIMIC diagram ....................... 93 9.4.2. Alarm LEDs ..................................................................... 94 9.5. Functionality logic ....................................................................... 95 9.6. Feeder terminal settings ............................................................. 96
10.APPENDIX C: Specification for REM 54_ machine terminal configuration ........................................................... 97 10.1.General data .............................................................................. 97 10.2.Electrotechnical data .................................................................. 98
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10.2.1.Analog inputs ...................................................................98 10.2.1.1.Hardware versions with 5 current and 4 voltage transformers .......................................................98 10.2.1.2.Hardware versions with 6 current and 3 voltage transformers .......................................................99 10.2.1.3.Hardware versions with 7 current and 2 voltage transformers .....................................................100 10.2.1.4.Hardware versions with 8 current and 1 voltage transformer .......................................................101 10.2.1.5.Sensor inputs ...................................................102 10.2.2.System frequency ..........................................................102 10.2.3.Digital inputs ..................................................................103 10.2.4.Digital outputs ................................................................105 10.2.5.RTD module ...................................................................108 10.2.5.1.RTD/analog inputs ...........................................108 10.2.5.2.RTD outputs .....................................................109 10.3.Functionality .............................................................................109 10.3.1.Order number .................................................................109 10.3.2.Application function blocks used ................................110 10.3.3.Communication ..............................................................111 10.4.Relay MIMIC configuration .......................................................112 10.4.1.Illustration of the system, MIMIC diagram ......................112 10.4.2.Alarm LEDs ....................................................................113 10.5.Functionality logic .....................................................................114 10.6.Machine terminal settings .........................................................115
11.APPENDIX D: Specification for RET 54_ transformer terminal configuration ..........................................................117 11.1.General data .............................................................................117 11.2.Electrotechnical data ................................................................118 11.2.1.Analog inputs .................................................................118 11.2.1.1.Hardware versions with 6 current and 3 voltage transformers .....................................................118 11.2.1.2.Hardware versions with 7 current and 2 voltage transformers .....................................................119 11.2.1.3.Hardware versions with 8 current and 1 voltage transformer .......................................................120 11.2.2.System frequency ..........................................................120 11.2.3.Digital inputs ..................................................................121 11.2.4.Digital outputs ................................................................123 11.2.5.RTD module ...................................................................126 11.2.5.1.RTD/analog inputs ...........................................126 11.2.5.2.RTD outputs .....................................................127
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11.3.Functionality ............................................................................. 128 11.3.1.Order number ................................................................ 128 11.3.2.Application function blocks used ................................... 128 11.3.3.Communication .............................................................. 129 11.4.Relay MIMIC configuration ....................................................... 130 11.4.1.Illustration of the system, MIMIC diagram ..................... 130 11.4.2.Alarm LEDs ................................................................... 131 11.5.Functionality logic ..................................................................... 132 11.6.Transformer terminal settings .................................................. 133
12.APPENDIX E: Specification for REC 523 Remote Monitoring and Control Unit configuration ........................ 135 12.1.General data ............................................................................ 135 12.2.Electrotechnical data ................................................................ 136 12.2.1.Analog inputs ................................................................. 136 12.2.2.System frequency .......................................................... 140 12.2.3.Digital inputs .................................................................. 141 12.2.4.Digital outputs ................................................................ 142 12.3.Functionality ............................................................................. 143 12.3.1.Order number ................................................................ 143 12.3.2.Application function blocks used ................................... 143 12.3.3.Communication .............................................................. 144 12.4.Virtual channels ........................................................................ 144 12.4.1.LED configuration .......................................................... 144 12.5.Remote monitoring and control unit settings ............................ 146
13.APPENDIX F: Power quality application guide for harmonics ............................................................................. 147 13.1.Power quality and harmonics ................................................... 147 13.2.Background for harmonics ....................................................... 147 13.3.Harmonic sources .................................................................... 149 13.3.1.Single-phase power supplies ......................................... 149 13.3.2.Three-phase power converters ...................................... 150 13.3.3.Other harmonic sources ................................................ 151 13.4.System response characteristics ............................................. 152 13.5.Effects of harmonics ................................................................. 154 13.6.Applications for harmonic measurements ................................ 155 13.6.1.Power quality and harmonics ......................................... 155 13.6.2.Harmonic monitoring with individual loads and devices 156 13.6.3.Locating sources of harmonics ...................................... 157 13.6.4.Harmonic filter performance monitoring ......................... 157
14.Index ..................................................................................... 159
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Copyrights The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by ABB Oy. ABB Oy assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. In no event shall ABB Oy be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages of any nature or kind arising from the use of this document, nor shall ABB Oy be liable for incidental or consequential damages arising from use of any software or hardware described in this document. This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written permission from ABB Oy, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party nor used for any unauthorized purpose. The software or hardware described in this document is furnished under alicense and may be used, copied, or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license. Copyright © 2006 ABB Oy All rights reserved.
Trademarks ABB is a registered trademark of ABB Group. All other brand or product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Guarantee Please inquire about the terms of guarantee from your nearest ABB representative.
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1.
About this manual
1.1.
General This guideline describes in general the procedures for configuring REF 54_ feeder terminals, REM 54_ machine terminals, RET 54_ transformer terminals and REC 523 remote monitoring and control units correctly with the Relay Configuration Tool. In this document, the term “device” is used when referring to all the above mentioned products. Chapter 5. Editing the relay configurations describes step-by-step the engineering actions required to create a relay configuration for a single device. Chapter 6. Main configuration rules defines a set of programming rules that should be followed while creating the configuration. These rules should be carefully checked when finalizing the configuration. Chapter 7. Engineering tips provides some engineering tips for doing the configuration. For instructions on operating the tool itself, refer to the operator’s manual for CAP 505 (see Section 1.6. Related documents). This version of the Configuration Guideline complies with products of Release 3.01. For information about the changes and additions compared to earlier revisions, refer to the technical reference manual of the appropriate product (see Section 1.6. Related documents). For information on what RE_ 5__ products support which add-on protocols, refer to the product manuals (Section 1.6. Related documents). Note that in this manual, the examples and dialog box pictures of the Relay Configuration Tool refer to REF 54_ feeder terminals (except Fig. 5.5.-1). The corresponding cases and dialog boxes can be slightly different for REM 54_, RET 54_ and REC 523.
1.2.
Use of symbols This publication includes warning, caution, and information icons that point out safety-related conditions or other important information. It also includes tip icons to point out useful information to the reader. The corresponding icons should be interpreted as follows: The electrical warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard which could result in electrical shock.
The caution icon indicates important information or warning related to the concept discussed in the text. It might indicate the presence of a hazard which could result in corruption of software or damage to equipment or property.
1. Except REC 523 of revision D or later, and REM 54_ of Release 2.5 9
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The information icon alerts the reader to relevant facts and conditions.
The tip icon indicates advice on, for example, how to design your project or how to use a certain function. Although warning hazards are related to personal injury, and caution hazards are associated with equipment or property damage, it should be understood that operation of damaged equipment could, under certain operational conditions, result in degraded process performance leading to personal injury or death. Therefore, comply fully with all warning and caution notices.
1.3.
Document conventions The following conventions are used for the presentation of material: • The words in names of screen elements (for example, the title in the title bar of a dialog box, the label for a field of a dialog box) are initially capitalized. • The names of push and toggle buttons are boldfaced. For example, click OK. • The names of menus and menu items are boldfaced. For example, the File menu. • The following convention is used for menu operations: Menu Name > Menu Item > Cascaded Menu Item. For example: select File > Open > New Project.
1.4.
Abbreviations ASD CPU CSI FBD HMI I/O LCD LED LON NV PLC POU PWM RCT RMS RS RTD VD
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Adjustable speed drive Central processing unit Current source inverter Function block diagram Human-machine interface Input/output Liquid chrystal display Light-emitting diode Locally operating network Network variable Programmable logic controller Program organisation unit Pulse width modulation Relay Configuration Tool Root mean square Rogowski sensor Resistance temperature device Voltage Divider
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1.5.
Terminology device
In this document refers to REF 54_ feeder terminal, REM 54_ machine terminal, RET 54_ transformer terminal and REC 523 remote monitoring and control unit Distributed Network Protocol, a communication protocol controlled by the DNP Users Group Communication protocol standardized by International Electrotechnical Commission Communication protocol standardized by International Electrotechnical Commission Graphic configuration picture on the relay’s LCD Communication protocol introduced by Modicon Inc. Relay Configuration Tool project, a zipped project file Communication protocol developed by ABB
DNP 3.0 IEC 60870-5-101 IEC 60870-5-103 MIMIC Modbus RCT project file SPA
1.6.
Related documents Document
ID
Manuals for REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_ and REC 523 1MRS750526-MUM
Installation Manual RE_ 5_ _a Operator’s Manual RE_ Feeder Terminal REF 54_ Technical Reference Manual, Generala
1MRS750500-MUM
Technical Reference Manual REM 54_a Transformer Terminal RET 54_ Technical Reference Manual, General Remote Monitoring and Control Unit REC 523 Technical Reference Manuala REM 54_ Machine Terminal Technical Reference Manual, General Technical Descriptions of Functions (CD-ROM) REF 54_ and RET 54_ Modbus Communication Protocol Technical Description Modbus Remote Communication Protocol for REM 54_ Technical Description REM 543 Modbus Configurations (CD-ROM) Modbus Remote Communication Protocol for REC 523 Technical Description REF 54_, RET 54_ and REX 521 DNP 3.0 Communication Protocol Technical Description DNP 3.0 Remote Communication Protocol for REC 523 Technical Description IEC 60870-5-101 Remote Communication Protocol for REC 523, Technical Description
1MRS750915-MUM
54_a
1MRS750527-MUM
1MRS755225 1MRS750881-MUM 1MRS750915-MUM 1MRS750889-MCD 1MRS755238 1MRS750781-MUM 1MRS151023-MUM 1MRS752015-MUM 1MRS755260 1MRS750958-MUM 1MRS750956-MUM
Tool-specific manuals CAP 505 Installation and Commissioning Manualb
1MRS751273-MEN
Manualb
1MRS751709-MUM
CAP 505 Operator’s
CAP 505 Protocol Mapping Tool Operator’s
Manualb
1MRS755277 11
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ID
Tool-specific manuals (cont.) CAP 501 Installation and Commissioning Manualc
1MRS751270-MEN
CAP 501 Operator’s Manualc
1MRS751271-MUM
Relay Configuration Tool, Quick Start Referenceb
1MRS751275-MEN
Relay Configuration Tool, Tutorialb
1MRS751272-MEN
Manualb
Relay Mimic Editor, Configuration LIB, CAP and SMS, Tools for Relays and Terminals, User’s Guide
1MRS751274-MEN 1MRS752008-MUM
a. Included on the CD-ROM Technical Descriptions of Functions, 1MRS750889-MCD b. Included on the CD-ROM Relay Product Engineering Tools c. Included on the CD-ROM Relay Setting Tools
1.7.
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Document revisions Version
Date
G H K L M
02.04.2004 20.01.2005 01.03.2005 08.07.2005 27.10.2006
History Manual updated RET 54_ added to manual Updates according to REC 523 revision F Updates according to REF 54_, Release 3.5 Layout updated, minor corrections.
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2.
Safety information Dangerous voltages can occur on the connectors, even though the auxiliary voltage has been disconnected. Non-observance can result in death, personal injury or substantial property damage. Only a competent electrician is allowed to carry out the electrical installation. National and local electrical safety regulations must always be followed. The frame of the device has to be carefully earthed.
The device contains components which are sensitive to electrostatic discharge. Unnecessary touching of electronic components must therefore be avoided. Breaking the sealing tape on the rear panel of the device will result in loss of warranty and proper operation will no longer be guaranteed.
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3.
Relay Configuration Tool The Relay Configuration Tool is a standard programming system for RED 500 devices. It is used for configuring the protection, control, condition monitoring, measurement and logic functions of the feeder terminal. The tool is based on the IEC 61131-3 standard, which defines the programming language for relay terminals, and includes a wide range of IEC features. The programmable logic controller (PLC) logics are programmed with Boolean functions, timers, counters, comparators and flip-flops. The programming language described in this manual is a function block diagram (FBD) language.
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4.
Specification for relay configuration Prior to starting the configuration of a product, the specification for relay configuration is to be filled out. Separate specifications for REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_ and REC 523 can be found in appendices B, C, D and E in the end of this manual. The purpose of the specification is to provide the technical information required for the proper configuration of the products.
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5.
Editing the relay configurations
5.1.
Getting started 1. Start up the CAP 505 tool by double clicking the tool icon. 2. Add a new object as an empty configuration to the CAP 505 environment. For instructions, refer to the operator’s manual for CAP 505 (see Section 1.6. Related documents). The program opens an empty project template (see Fig. 5.1.-1) with a toolbar at the top. 3. Build the project tree structure by inserting libraries, program organisation units (POUs) and target-specific items to the project tree. The project tree editor is a window in which the whole project is represented as a tree. The project tree is illustrated with several icons. Most of the icons represent a file of the project, and different looking icons represent different types of files. The tree always contains 4 subtrees: Libraries, Data Types, Logical POUs and Physical Hardware.
ProjectTree
Fig. 5.1.-1 Project tree and the four subtrees The project tree is the main tool for editing the project structure. Editing the project structure means inserting POUs or worksheets to the project structure, or deleting existing ones. The editors for editing the code-body data and the variable declaration can be opened by double-clicking the corresponding object icons. If you edit an old project, note that saving the changes made with the Save as command does not work as in other Windows programs. If you want to keep the old project unchanged, save the project with a new name before making any changes.
5.1.1.
Libraries Before editing any worksheets of POUs, the whole project tree structure must be build. The function block library (protection, control, measurement, condition monitoring and standard functions) needed in the relay configuration needs to be inserted to the Libraries subtree. For instructions on announcing libraries, refer to the tutorial manual for the Relay Configuration Tool, see Section 1.6. Related documents. Before inserting a library to the project, close all open worksheets in order to avoid confusing the I/O description of the function blocks.
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The programs, function blocks (for example NOC3Low, the low-set stage of nondirectional three-phase overcurrent protection) and functions of the library can be reused in the new project, which is edited. The library, for example REFLIB01 for REF 54_ (see Fig. 5.1.1.-1), includes the full set of function blocks, but only those ordered by the customer can be used in the configuration. If a configuration is transferred to a newer version of the product, the library in the project must also be updated.
ref/rem/ret/reclib01
Fig. 5.1.1.-1
Libraries for REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_ and REC 523
The library version to be selected depends on the software revision of the product as listed in the table below. The directory path to the libraries is \CAP505\Common\IECLibs\Fi. Table 5.1.1-1 Product
Software revision
REF 541
A
REF 541 (RTD1)
REF 543
REF 543 (RTD1)
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Product software revisions and libraries
B C D and E K A B and C K C and D E F G and H K A B and C K
Library file name COMMU_01, CONDM_01, CONTR_01, MEASU_01, PROTE_01, STAND_01 REFLIB01 REFLIB02 REFLIB03 REFLIB04 REFLIB02 REFLIB03 REFLIB04 COMMU_01, CONDM_01, CONTR_01, MEASU_01, PROTE_01, STAND_01 REFLIB01 REFLIB02 REFLIB03 REFLIB04 REFLIB02 REFLIB03 REFLIB04
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Product software revisions and libraries (Continued)
Product
Software revision
REF 545
A
REM 543
REM 543 (RTD1) REM 545 REM 545 (RTD1) RET 541 RET 541 (RTD1) RET 543 RET 543(RTD1) RET 545 REC 523
5.1.2.
B C D and E K A B C A B A B A B A A A A A A B C D E F
Library file name COMMU_01, CONDM_01, CONTR_01, MEASU_01, PROTE_01, STAND_01 REFLIB01 REFLIB02 REFLIB03 REFLIB04 REMLIB01 REMLIB02 REMLIB03 REMLIB02 REMLIB03 REMLIB02 REMLIB03 REMLIB02 REMLIB03 RETLIB01 RETLIB01 RETLIB01 RETLIB01 RETLIB01 RECLIB01 RECLIB01 RECLIB02 RECLIB03 RECLIB03 RECLIB04
Program organisation unit Each Program Organisation Unit (POU) consists of several worksheets: • Description worksheet for comments • Variable worksheet for variable declarations • Code body worksheet for the configuration. The name of each worksheet is indicated beside the corresponding icon. The “*” symbol after the name of a worksheet indicates that the worksheet has not been compiled yet.
POU_unit
Fig. 5.1.2.-1
Program organisation unit with three worksheets
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The description worksheet (for example ProtectT) illustrated below is for describing the POU or the configuration element. The worksheet is automatically named by adding a “T” to the name of the POU.
text
Fig. 5.1.2.-2
Description worksheet
The variable worksheet (for example ProtectV) is for the variable declaration. The worksheet is automatically named by adding a “V” to the name of the POU. The variable worksheet is not edited manually but is created by the tool.
variables
Fig. 5.1.2.-3
Variable declaration worksheet
A code body worksheet (for example Protect) is for a code body declaration in the form of an function block diagram (FBD). All configurations for the devices of the RED 500 platform are made in the graphical FBD language. A code body programmed in the FBD language is composed of functions and function blocks that are connected to each other using variables, connection lines or connectors. An output of a function block can be combined with the output of another function block for example via an OR gate (refer to Section 6.1. General). Connectors are objects that can be used instead of connection lines, for example where the distance between two objects on the worksheet is long. The connectors can only be used within one worksheet, and they are resolved by textual names.
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Connectors should be used with care since the tool may not warn if a match to a connector cannot be found (for example, the comparison of connectors is case sensitive). Note that visually the connectors are distinguished from variables by embedding them with “larger than” signs, “> >”.
Connectors
Fig. 5.1.2.-4
Code body declaration in FBD language
Even though the tool permits adding several code body worksheets under one POU, only one worksheet is recommended to be used per POU. If more space is needed for a configuration, the worksheet size can be increased or the functionality can be divided into several POUs. Avoid creating very large configurations per POU since the RED 500 PLC environment has an inherent limit for the number of input/output points per POU. The limit is 511 I/O points and is consumed by called function block instances only. Note that the limit is checked during the configuration downloading. If the downloading fails for this reason, the user has to divide the POU into smaller units. For example, the function block NOC3Low in Fig. 5.1.2.-4 includes 14 I/O points. The I/O points are consumed regardless of whether they are connected or not.
5.1.3.
Logical POUs In the project tree editor and in the library editor, the Logical POUs subtree represents a directory for all the POUs related to the project. The maximum of 20 POUs can be inserted to the subtree. Fig. 5.1.3.-1 shows a Logical POUs subtree
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with 4 POUs; “CondMon” represents a function block, “Confirm” represents a function, and “Measure” and “Control” are programs. The associated icon represents the POU type.
LogicalPOUs
Fig. 5.1.3.-1
Logical POUs subtree with 4 POUs
Each POU type has specific characteristics from the programming point of view. • A function yields exactly one data element which is evaluated from its input parameters. In other words, a function cannot contain any internal state information. Furthermore, a function can call other functions but not function blocks. • A function block (FB) can return 0,1,2.. output values and can have internal variables. Function blocks can call any other function or function block except itself. Multiple copies of function blocks are called instances and each instance is given an identifier. • Programs are specialized function blocks that can only be called by tasks. Note that recursion is not allowed for any POU type. The POU category is selected when a POU is inserted to the project tree. Fig. 5.1.3.2 below shows the dialog box for inserting POUs. The programming language (FBD) for the POU and the return data type for functions are also selected here. The PLC type and Processor type selections should be left to their default values.
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InsertNewPOU
Fig. 5.1.3.-2
Inserting a new program POU called “Demo” which is programmed by using the function block diagram language
At first, a POU framework is created, that is, empty POUs are inserted to the project according to the Specification for Relay Configuration filled out prior to starting the configuration procedure. The physical hardware must be defined before creating the actual contents for the POUs, otherwise the predefined target-specific POUs are not available for the programmer. The task execution intervals recommended for function blocks must be considered already when defining the POU framework. In general, each POU forms a functional unit for example for protection function blocks. Some function blocks, however, require a different task than most of the same category, and must therefore be assigned a separate POU. For example, the task execution interval of most protection function blocks is 10 ms but Freq1St_ requires the task of 5 ms, which is why it usually needs a separate POU. However, if all the protection function blocks used are associated with the task of 5 ms, no separate POU is required for Freq1St_.
5.1.4.
Physical hardware In the project tree editor, the physical hardware is represented as a subtree (see Fig. 5.1.4.-1) after the hardware of the device, that is, Configuration, Resource and Tasks, has been defined.
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PhysicalHardware
Fig. 5.1.4.-1
Example of a subtree for the physical hardware
The configuration elements available in the Physical Hardware subtree may differ from configuration to configuration. Each terminal of the RED 500 platform can be configured separately.
5.1.4.1.
Configuration In the Relay Configuration Tool, the name of the configuration and the appropriate product family, programmable logic controller (PLC) type, are first defined: 1. Select a Physical Hardware tree element and select Edit > Insert. 2. Define Name and PLC type, and click OK.
configuration_b
Fig. 5.1.4.1.-1 Defining the configuration type
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5.1.4.2.
Resource for REF 54_, REM 54_ and REC 523 For REF 54_ Release 2.5 and later, RET 54_, and REC 523 revision F, refer to Section 5.1.4.3. Resource for REF 54_ Release 2.5 or later, REC 523 revision F and RET 54_. The PLC type selected in the Configuration dialog box above determines which processor types are available. To select the processor type and name the resource: 1. Select an object under the Physical Hardware tree and select Edit>Insert. 2. In the opening dialog box, click the option button Resource, select the correct processor type and name the resource. For example, the processor type REF543R refers to a REF 543 feeder terminal equipped with an resistance temperature device (RTD) module.
resource
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-1 Defining the processor type
Hardware version After selecting the processor type, click the Settings button in the dialog box (see Fig. 5.1.4.2.-1 above) to define the correct hardware version (see Fig. 5.1.4.2.-2). Do not click OK after selecting the correct hardware version (see Fig. 5.1.4.2.-2), but wait until the next dialog box opens and click the option button Analog Channels (see Fig. 5.1.4.2.-3). The hardware version number is included in the order number of the product. The order number is labelled on the marking strip on the front panel of the product. Example: Order No: REF543FC127AAAA Note that for REC 523, the selectable relay variants are given as order numbers, for example REC523C 033AAA. Refer to the technical reference manual of REC 523, see Section 1.6. Related documents)
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hw_variant
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-2 Defining hardware version
select_analog_channels
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-3 Selecting the dialog box for analog settings
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Analog channels In the dialog box for defining analog channels (Fig. 5.1.4.2.-4), click the option button for each channel in turn, and select the measuring device and signal type for the channels in use from the drop-down list. Select the option Not in use for other channels.
analog_channels
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-4 Defining the analog channel settings Furthermore, define the technical data and measurements for the selected channels before the configuration is used in a real application.
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Technical data
rated_values
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-5 Defining the rated values for the selected measuring device Measurements For information about the special measurements required for each function block, refer to the Technical Descriptions of Functions (see Section 1.6. Related documents). True RMS measurement and 2nd harmonic restraint measurements If the signal type selected for an analog channel is going to be measured by any measurement function block (MECU3A etc.), select the option True RMS mode in the Special Measurements dialog box. If the Inrush3 function block (3-phase transformer inrush and motor start-up current detector) is to be used, select the option 2nd Harmonic Restraint for the analog channels (IL1, IL2, IL3) used.
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SpecMeasIL1
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-6 Selecting the required special measurement modes for phase current measurement Neutral current When the DEF2_ function block (directional earth-fault protection) is going to be used, select the option Intermittent earth-fault protection in the Special Measurements dialog box for the channel via which the current I0 is measured. The intermittent earth-fault protection can be enabled for the maximum of two physical channels at a time. Note that the intermittent earth-fault protection requires the residual voltage for directional operation. Therefore, the channel for the residual voltage U0 must be defined before the selection can be made. Unless intermittent earth-fault protection has been chosen, the following configuration error indication appears on the display of REF 54_, REM 54_ or RET 54_ ( “#” denotes the number of the analog channel in question): System: SUPERV Ch # error
SpecMeasIo
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-7 Selecting the required special measurement modes for neutral current measurement
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Frequency When, for example, the function block MEFR1 (system frequency measurement) is in use, frequency measurement must be selected for the channel via which the voltage is measured for frequency measurement. For example Channel 10 (Voltage Transformer 4, Signal type U3), click the Measurements button in the Configuration of REF543 dialog box. The power quality function blocks PQCU3H and PQVO3H require frequency measurement for the channel that is connected to the FREQ_REF input, that is, the channel for frequency reference (for more information, refer to the manuals of PQCU3H and PQVO3H on the CD-ROM Technical Descriptions of Functions, see Section 1.6. Related documents). Furthermore, frequency protection must be selected if any of the function blocks SCVCSt_ or Freq1St_ is in use.
SpecMeasUL1
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-8 Selecting the required special measurement modes for frequency measurement
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Virtual channels In case no measuring devices are applied for measuring residual voltage (U0) and neutral current (I0), the virtual channels 11 and 12 can be used. If only one virtual channel is used, the channel is numbered as channel 11 regardless of whether residual voltage or neutral current is calculated. If both I0 and U0 are calculated, channel 11 is used for I0S and channel 12 for U0S.
virtual_channels
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-9 Using virtual channels 11 and 12 in case no measuring devices are applied for measuring I0 and U0 In case of the virtual channels for calculating I0 and U0, phase currents and voltages must be associated with current and voltage measuring devices (see Fig. 5.1.4.2.-10 and Fig. 5.1.4.2.-11).
Summed_Ios
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-10 Associating phase currents with current measuring devices 33
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Summed_Uos
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-11 Associating phase voltages with voltage measuring devices After a compiled configuration is downloaded to a device, it checks internally whether the analog channels are correctly configured regarding the analog inputs of function blocks. If the connected channels have been configured incorretly, the ERR output signal of the specific function block activates and the analog channel configuration error event (E48) is sent. Some function blocks have special error events that are explained in the corresponding function block manuals on the CD-ROM Technical Descriptions of Functions (see Section 1.6. Related documents).
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Digital inputs The filter time is set for each digital input of the device via the resource settings dialog box Binary Inputs. Inversion of the inputs can also be set. Note, however, that the inversion of an input cannot be seen from the configuration. For further information refer to the technical reference manual of REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_ or REC 523 (see Section 1.6. Related documents).
BIN_INPUT
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-12 Defining the digital inputs
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Measurements When the MEPE7 function block (power and energy measurement) is used, the measuring mode must be selected via the resource settings dialog box Measurements. True RMS measurement must also be selected for the channels used by MEPE7. Note that the measuring modes can only be selected after the analog channels have been defined (see Fig. 5.1.4.2.-4).
MEPE7
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-13 Selecting the measuring mode for power and energy measurement
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Condition monitoring Values for the circuit-breaker wear function blocks CMBWEAR 1 and 2 can be set via the resource settings dialog box Condition Monitoring.
cbwear
Fig. 5.1.4.2.-14 Setting the values for circuit-breaker wear
5.1.4.3.
Resource for REF 54_ Release 2.5 or later, REC 523 revision F and RET 54_ The PLC type selected in the Configuration dialog box determines which processor types are available. To select the processor type and name the resource: 1. Select an object under the Physical Hardware tree and select Edit > Insert. 2. In the opening dialog box, click the option button Resource, select the correct processor type and name the resource. For example, the processor type REF543R refers to a REF 543 feeder terminal equipped with an RTD module.
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processtype2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-1 Defining the processor type
Hardware version After selecting the processor type, click the Settings button in the dialog box (see Fig. 5.1.4.3.-1 above) to define the correct hardware version (see Fig. 5.1.4.3.-2). Do not click OK after selecting the correct hardware version (Fig. 5.1.4.3.-2), but wait until the next dialog box opens and select the option Analog Channels (see Fig. 5.1.4.3.-3). The hardware version number is included in the order number of the product. The order number is labelled on the marking strip on the front panel of the product. Example: Order No: REF543GC127AAAA
hardware2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-2 Defining the hardware version
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analog_settings2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-3 Selecting the dialog box for analog settings
Analog channels In the dialog box for defining analog channels (see Fig. 5.1.4.3.-4), click the option button for each channel in turn, and select the measuring device and signal type for the channels in use from the drop-down list. Select the option Not in use for other channels. Furthermore, the technical data and measurements for the selected channels are to be completed correctly before the configuration is used in a real application.
analog_channels2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-4 Defining the analog channels 39
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Technical data
rated_values2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-5 Defining the rated values for the selected measuring device Measurements For information about the special measurements required for each function block, refer to the Technical Descriptions of Functions (see Section 1.6. Related documents). True RMS and 2nd harmonic restraint measurements If the signal type selected for an analog channel is going to be measured by any measurement function block (MECU3A etc.), the true RMS mode must be selected in the Special Measurements dialog box. Moreover, in case the Inrush3 function block (3-phase transformer inrush and motor start-up current detector) is to be used, the 2nd harmonic restraint must be selected for the analog channels (IL1, IL2, IL3) used.
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phase_measu2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-6 Selecting the required special measurement modes for phase current measurement Neutral current When the DEF2_ function block (directional earth-fault protection) is going to be used, intermittent earth-fault protection must be selected for the channel via which the current I0 is measured. The intermittent earth-fault protection can be enabled for the physical channels I0 and I0b as well as for the virtual channels I0s and I0bs at the same time. The intermittent earth-fault protection requires the residual voltage for directional operation. Therefore, the channel for the residual voltage U0 must be defined before the selection for I0 measurement channels can be made. The amount of the U0 channels used for the intermittent earth-fault protection is limited to one. The first available U0 channel should be selected from the list: U0, U0b, U0s and U0bs. Unless intermittent earth-fault protection has been chosen correctly, a configuration error indication will appear on the error list of the Relay Download Tool.
neutral_measu2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-7 Selecting the required special measurement modes for neutral current measurement
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Frequency When, for example, the function block MEFR1 (system frequency measurement) is in use, frequency measurement must be selected for the channel via which the voltage is measured for frequency measurement. For example Channel 10 (Voltage Transformer 4, Signal type U3), click the Measurements button in the Configuration of REF543 dialog box. The power quality function blocks PQCU3H and PQVO3H require frequency measurement for the channel that is connected to the FREQ_REF input, that is, the channel for frequency reference (for more information refer to the manuals of PQCU3H and PQVO3H on the CD-ROM Technical Descriptions of Functions, see Section 1.6. Related documents). Furthermore, frequency protection must be selected if any of the function blocks SCVCSt_ or Freq1St_ is in use.
freq_measu2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-8 Selecting the required special measurement modes for frequency measurement
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Virtual channels The virtual channels can be used if no measuring devices are applied for measuring phase-to-phase voltages, residual voltage (U0) and neutral current (I0). The virtual channels selected for use are numbered from the channel number 11. For further information about the channel numbers of the calculated virtual channels, refer to the technical reference manual of the terminal in question (see Section 1.6. Related documents). An example of when the virtual channels can be used is shown in Fig. 5.1.4.3.-9.
virtual_channels2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-9 Using virtual channels if phase-to-phase voltages, residual voltage and neutral current measurement are not available The virtual channels are selectable according to the selections in the Analog Channels view. The selection of the virtual channels can be done in Virtual Channels view (see Fig. 5.1.4.3.-10).
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select_virtual_channels2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-10 The selectable virtual channels when the configuration of the analog channel is as in Fig. 5.1.4.3.-9 The special measurements are selectable for each used virtual channel (see Fig. 5.1.4.3.-11 and Fig. 5.1.4.3.-12). The special measurement view for the virtual channel Ios is shown in Fig. 5.1.4.3.11. The analog channels used for derivation and derivation equation are also shown. The analog channels are as in Fig. 5.1.4.3.-9.
Ios_measu2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-11 Special measurement view for the virtual channel Ios Special measurement view for the virtual channel U12s is shown in the Fig. 5.1.4.3.12. The analog channels used for derivation and derivation equation are also shown. The analog channels are as in Fig. 5.1.4.3.-9. 44
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Ios_measu_2.5_2
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-12 Special measurement view for the virtual channel U12s. After a compiled configuration is downloaded to a device, the device checks internally whether the analog channels are correctly configured regarding the analog inputs of function blocks. If the connected channels have been configured incorrectly, the ERR output signal of the specific function block activates and the analog channel configuration error indication appears on the error list of the Relay Download Tool. For more information, refer to Section 5.5. Downloading the configuration.
Digital inputs The filter time is set for each digital input of the device via the resource settings dialog box Binary Inputs field. Inversion of the inputs can be set as well. Note, however, that the inversion of an input cannot be seen from the configuration. For further information, refer to the technical reference manual of the terminal in question (see Section 1.6. Related documents).
digital_inputs2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-13 Defining the digital inputs
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Measurements When the MEPE7 function block (power and energy measurement) is used, the measuring mode must be selected by clicking the option button Measurements in the resource settings dialog box. True RMS measurement must also be selected for the channels used by MEPE7. The measuring modes can only be selected after the analog channels have been defined (see Fig. 5.1.4.3.-4).
power&energy_measu2.5
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-14 Selecting the measuring mode for power and energy measurement
Condition monitoring Values for the circuit-breaker wear function blocks CMBWEAR 1 and 2 can be set via the resource settings dialog box by clicking the option button Condition Monitoring.
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wear2rle
Fig. 5.1.4.3.-15 Setting the values for circuit-breaker wear
5.1.4.4.
Tasks Programs and tasks Programs are associated with tasks via the dialog boxes Properties/Task and Properties/Program. To define task properties in the Relay Configuration Tool: 1. Select an object in the project tree. 2. Select Edit > Insert and define task name and type. One task may include several programs. Cyclic tasks are activated within a specific time interval and the program is executed periodically. As many as 10 POUs can be associated to a task. To define program properties in the Relay Configuration Tool: 1. Select a task in the project tree. 2. Select Edit > Insert and define program instance and type. The two dialog boxes below illustrate the association of a program type (Prot_Me) with a task (Task1) (see also Fig. 5.1.4.-1).
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TASK1
Fig. 5.1.4.4.-1 Naming a cyclic task
PROT_ME
Fig. 5.1.4.4.-2 Associating the selected task with the desired program type
Task interval Generally, operation accuracy is increased when task speed is increased, but at the same time, the load of the microprocessors is increased as well. Although the task speed can be freely chosen with the tool, it is necessary to define a maximum task execution interval for each function block. If not defined, the operation accuracy and operate times for protection functions cannot be guaranteed. The maximum task execution interval is based on test results and it has been used in the type testing of the function blocks. The recommended task execution interval quaranteed by the manufacturer can be found in technical data section in the technical description of each function block. Furthermore, certain function blocks, for example MEDREC16, must be tied to the task given by the manufacturer in order to enable the operation of these function blocks. For more information about the task execution intervals of function blocks, refer to the introduction chapter in the Technical Descriptions of Functions CD-ROM, see Section 1.6. Related documents. For microprocessor loads, refer to Section 5.5. Downloading the configuration. According to the standard, the Relay Configuration Tool offers a possibility to define the tasks on two different levels: 1. Each program organisation unit (POU) can be tied to a separate task. 2. Separate function block inside a POU can be tied to any task. 48
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However, the second alternative is not supported in the RED 500 environment; if a separate function block inside a POU is given a separate task definition, it is ignored when transferred to the device. This means that when the function blocks are being placed in different POUs, not only the category of the function (protection, control, and so on) but also the maximum task execution interval should be considered, since all function blocks inside a POU run at the same speed. Define the task execution interval for each task by selecting a task and by selecting Edit > Insert; click the Settings button in the opening dialog. For example, the task execution interval for Task1 in the figure below is defined as 10 ms, which means that the program Prot_Me is run 100 times per one second. The maximum number of tasks with different intervals is 4. The tool automatically modifies the task setting if the set network frequency is other than 50 Hz (see the Network Frequency text box in Fig. 5.1.4.2.-4). For example at 60 Hz, 10 ms becomes 8.333 ms.
interval
Fig. 5.1.4.4.-3 Setting the task execution interval for a program If there is a need for several different tasks that control the same output relay, it is recommended that the output relay is controlled directly in the fastest task and other control commands are brought to that task via global variables. Example: Some protection function blocks can be run in the 5 ms task, some in the 10 ms task and some even using the 100 ms task. Still, all these function blocks use the same output relay. Another way to avoid also the software delays when communicating between the different tasks is to use a separate output relay for each protection task. Example: The trip signal from the 5 ms task is connected to High-Speed Power Output 1 and the trip signal from the 10 ms task to High-Speed-Power-Output 2. The outputs can then control the same opening coil of the circuit breaker.
5.2.
Declaring variables The validity range of the declarations that are included in the declaration part should be “local” to the POU in which the declaration part is contained. However, variables that are declared to be “global” are only accessible to a POU via a 49
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VAR_EXTERNAL declaration. The type of a variable declared in a VAR_EXTERNAL block should agree with the type declared in the VAR_GLOBAL block of the associated program, configuration or resource. Program B FB2 FB_Y
FB1 FB_X a
y
y
b
Program A FB2 FB_Y
FB1 FB_X
VAR y:BOOL; FB1:FB_X; FB2:FB_Y; END_VAR
a
b
VAR FB1:FB_X; FB2:FB_Y; END_VAR
Configuration C Program A VAR_EXTERNAL x:BOOL; END_VAR VAR FB1:FB_X; END_VAR
Program B
FB1 FB_X
FB2 FB_Y a
x
VAR_GLOBAL x:BOOL; END_VAR
x
b
VAR_EXTERNAL x:BOOL; END_VAR VAR FB2:FB_Y; END_VAR
Fig. 5.2.-1 Local and global variables The figure above illustrates the how variable values can be communicated among software elements either directly or via global variables. Variable values within a program can be communicated directly by connecting the output of one program element to the input of another, or via local variables, such as the variable “y” illustrated in the upper-left corner of the figure above. In the same configuration, variable values can be communicated between programs via global variables, such as the variable “x” illustrated in Configuration C in the figure above. In such a case, make sure that the global variable is only written from one location in the project. The global variable can still be read from several locations. According to IEC 61131-3, all the variables that have no explicit initializer are initialized with a data-type dependent default value. Despite of this, it is always recommended that the initial value is given explicitly. Naturally, the value to which each variable should be initialised depends on the logical function of the program . Table 5.2.-1
50
Default values according to data types
Data type
Default initial value
ANY_REAL ANY_INT ANY_BIT TIME
0.0 0 0 (=FALSE) T#0s
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Especially the initial values of global variables are logically significant for the program. The user cannot choose the order in which tasks are initialised. This means that if a task reading a global variable is initialized before another task gives the variable its first value, it is important that an appropriate initial value has been selected for the global variable. CASE 1. Variables declaration VARIABLE WORKSHEET of logical POU
****************************************************************** VAR TRIPPING :BOOL := FALSE; BLOCK :BOOL := TRUE; TMP1 :BOOL := FALSE; END_VAR VAR_EXTERNAL PS1_4_HSPO1 :BOOL; (* Double pole high speed power output *) (* X4.1/10,11,12,13 *) PS1_4_HSPO2 :BOOL; (* Double pole high speed power output *) (* X4.1/15,16,17,18 *) PS1_4_HSPO3 :BOOL; (* Double pole high speed power output *) (* X4.1/6,7,8,9 *) END_VAR VAR_EXTERNAL TCS1_ALARM :BOOL; END_VAR
******************************************************************
GLOBAL VARIABLE WORKSHEET
****************************************************************** VAR_GLOBAL PS1_4_HSPO1 PS1_4_HSPO2 PS1_4_HSPO3 END_VAR VAR_GLOBAL TCS1_ALARM END_VAR
AT %QX 1.1.2 :BOOL := FALSE; (* Double pole high speed power output X4.1/10,11,12,13 *) AT %QX 1.2.2 :BOOL := FALSE; (* Double pole high speed power output X4.1/15,16,17,18 *) AT %QX 1.3.2 :BOOL := FALSE; (* Double pole high speed power output X4.1/6,7,8,9 *)
:BOOL
:= FALSE;
******************************************************************
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5.2.1.
Global variables The physical contacts are defined in the Global Variables worksheet (Fig. 5.2.1.-1). Declarations for the physical contacts are automatically defined when the correct hardware version of RE_ 54_ is selected. Declarations for the analog channels are created after the analog channel settings defined in the resource settings dialog box have been approved. The textual names of the inputs and outputs, for example BIO2-7_BI10IV (see the figure below), can be modified. Note, however, that the address (for example AT %IX 1.29.1 :BOOL := TRUE) following the name may not be changed.
global
Fig. 5.2.1.-1
5.2.2.
Global Variables worksheet
Local variables At the beginning of each programmable controller POU type declaration there should be at least one declaration part that specifies the types of the variables used in the organisation unit. The declaration part should have the textual form of one of the keywords VAR_INPUT, VAR_OUTPUT, VAR and VAR_EXTERNAL followed by one or more declarations separated by semicolons and terminated by the keyword END_VAR. All the comments you write must be edited in parentheses and asterisks:. (*******************************) Variable declaration (* *) of REF 541 (* *) (*******************************)
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Caution is required regarding comments and variable declarations. The following code example would be compiled successfully but because of the non-closed comment, the END_VAR - VAR_EXTERNAL couple is excluded and thus the channel numbers become local variables of the POU and they get the initial value zero:
VAR (*AUTOINSERT*) NOC3Low_1 : NOC3Low; (* Erroneous nonclosed comment * END_VAR VAR_EXTERNAL (*AUTOINSERT*) U12 : SINT; (* Measuring channel 8 *) U23 : SINT; (* Measuring channel 9 *) U31 : SINT; (* Measuring channel 10 *) END_VAR
Three examples of creating the textual declaration for different kinds of graphical programs are given below. Example 1: POU type: FBD program Function block type declaration: VAR SIGNAL1 SIGNAL2 SIGNAL3 SIGNAL4 END_VAR
:BOOL :=FALSE; :BOOL :=FALSE; :BOOL :=FALSE; :BOOL :=FALSE;
and_or_gates
Fig. 5.2.2.-1
Function block image
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Example 2: POU type: NOC3Low, manufacturer-dependent function block Function block type declaration: VAR_INPUT IL1 IL2 IL3 BS1 BS2 TRIGG GROUP DOUBLE BSREG RESET END_VAR VAR_OUTPUT START TRIP CBFP ERR END_VAR
:SINT :SINT :SINT :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL
:=0; :=0; :=0; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE;
(* Analog channel *) (* Analog channel *) (* Analog channel *) (* Blocking signal *) (* Blocking signal *) (* Triggering *) (* Grp1/Grp2 select *) (* Doubling signal *) (* Blocking registering *) (* Reset signal *)
:BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL
:=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE;
(* Start signal *) (* Trip signal *) (* CBFP signal *) (* Error signal *)
NOC3Low_b
Fig. 5.2.2.-2
54
Function block image of NOC3Low
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Example 3: POU type: Programmer-dependent FBD function block CONDIS Function block type declaration:
condisv
Fig. 5.2.2.-3
Type declaration of the programmer made function block CONDIS
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condis
Fig. 5.2.2.-4
FBD worksheet contents of the CONDIS function block
condis_control
Fig. 5.2.2.-5
Use of the programmer made function block CONDIS
In the Example 3 above, part of the configuration has been separated to a programmer-made function block called CONDIS. Such function blocks may not be given names already belonging to library functions blocks or IEC standard function blocks. The function block CONDIS has been used like any other function block in the graphical program. It must also be remembered that a function block with an instance named by the programmer can only be inserted to the project once. 56
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5.3.
Compiling project In the Relay Configuration Tool’s Make menu, select the command Build Project to compile the whole project for the first time after editing. This means compiling all POUs, global variables, resources and so on. In the Make menu, use the Make command to compile the worksheets that have been edited. The changed worksheets are marked with an asterisk, “*”, in the project tree editor. The Make command is the standard mode for compiling and should normally be used when you have finished editing. It is recommended that the Build Project command is given once more just before downloading the configuration to the product. In the Relay Configuration Tool you can view the execution order of the different functions or function blocks in your worksheet. The execution order corresponds to the intermediate PLC code created while compiling. Note that the execution order can only be seen if you have already compiled the worksheet by using the menu command Make > Compile Worksheet.
5.4.
Add-on protocol If an add-on protocol is used, the protocol mapping must be created by using the Protocol Mapping Tool (PMT). For more information, refer to the documents in Section 1.6. Related documents. Table 5.4.-1
Available add-on protocols
Relay version REF 54_ Release 2.5 REF 54_ Release 3.0 REF 54_ Release 3.5 REM 54_ Release 2.5 RET 54_ Release 3.0
Modbus
DNP 3.0
IEC 60870-5-103
X X X X
X X
X X X
X
X
REC 523 does not have any add-on protocols, but the device includes fixed protocols according to the device’s software configuration. In REC 523 revision F, the protocol interface can be modified by using the Protocol Mapping Tool. In earlier releases, the protocol interface can be modified by using the Protocol Editing Tool. These tools are included in CAP 505. For more information on the REC 523 protocols, refer to the technical reference manual of REC 523 (see Section 1.6. Related documents).
5.5.
Downloading the configuration After the configuration has been built and succesfully compiled in the Relay Configuration Tool and the MIMIC configuration has been designed, the project can be downloaded to the device.
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The parts of the project to be downloaded are selected via a dialog box. The MIMIC configuration and the Relay Configuration Tool project can be downloaded separately. The project can also be downloaded separately as a compressed file. This enables later uploading of the project from the device. The compressed file is automatically created if the check box RCT project has been selected (see Fig. 5.5.-1). The target device has an inherent limitation over the size of a stored project file. If this is exceeded, the tool interrupts the downloading and issues a warning. It is useful to include some information of the project in the file by giving, for example, the name of the designer, the date and the version or other description of the configuration. To add project information, select File > Project Info in the Relay Configuration Tool. Add-on protocols (for example Modbus and IEC 60870-5-103) of the relay terminal are activated in the relay according to Add-On protocol selection in object properties.
Fig. 5.5.-1 Selecting RCT project (for REC 523, the mimic configuration is not available) When the configuration is downloaded, the total CPU load in percent can be checked via the parameter Config. capacity. In the Relay Setting Tool’s Main menu view, select the Configuration tab and the General subtab to view Config. capacity parameter (on the device, select MAIN MENU/Configuration/ General/Config. capacity). If the load exceeds 100%, the downloading fails, an indication Failed is displayed in the assisting window of the REF 54_,
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REM 54_ or RET 54_ display, and a message appears in the CAP 505. The exceeded CPU load can also be read via the parameter after a failed downloading, that is, the load value can be for example 115%. Whenever downloading fails, a storing sequence cannot be started but the device must be reset before next downloading. Moreover, the device is automatically reset after a failed downloading when the download dialog box in the Relay Download Tool is closed. Note that the exceeded CPU load must be checked before resetting; after the device is restarted, the parameter Config. capacity only shows the load of the previous configuration that was downloaded succesfully and has become valid again.
5.5.1.
REF 54_ Release 2.5, RET 54_ and REC 523 revision F additions The REF 54_ Release 2.5 and later, REC 523 revision F and RET 54_ includes the following functions supported by the Configuration Download Tool: • Relay and configuration tool compatibility checking • Improved configuration error reporting • Easier identification of the relay configuration
Compatibility checking The download tool verifies that the connected relay matches the type and revision set in the relay configuration. If a mismatch occurs, downloading is not allowed.
comp
Fig. 5.5.-2 Relay type mismatch when downloading the configuration The download tool also prevents downloading, if the configuration has been modified after the last compilation.
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Improved configuration error reporting After downloading the configuration, the relay checks, that all the function block specific requirements regarding analog channel configuration and task cycle time are fulfilled. If errors are detected, a list containing all errors is shown. The list contains the name of the function block that reported the error and a plain text error description. The error list can be copied to the clipboard and printed by using any text editor for easy reference when correcting the configuration.
err
Fig. 5.5.-3 Example of an error list when downloading an incorrect configuration
Configuration identification The relay contains parameters for configuration identification: • • • •
Title Author Last modification date Last download date of the configuration program
A parameter is also included to identify the bay in which the configuration is used. The title and author are set from the File > Project info menu of the Relay Configuration Tool. The bay name is taken from the bay object in the project structure navigator or from the protection and control object, if no bay object is used. The last download/modification date parameters are set automatically. The Download Tool shows the identification data of the present configuration and the new configuration, and asks the user to verify, that the present configuration can be overwritten before proceeding with the download.
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The configuration identification data can also be viewed from the relay (menu path Information/Configuration) and the Relay Setting Tool (open the Information tab and select the Configuration subtab). Note that the relay stores a maximum of 15 characters for each configuration identification parameter, although more characters are allowed in the Relay Configuration Tool.
trace
Fig. 5.5.-4 Relay configuration identification
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6.
Main configuration rules
6.1.
General Make sure that all analog signals are connected and all necessary inputs and outputs are wired. Note that the outputs of function blocks may not be connected together. There are also many other FBD programming rules to follow. One of the most typical rules is not to use the wired-OR connection. All signals that are connected to the same output signal (both output relays and horizontal communication outputs) must be connected via an OR gate (see Fig. 6.1.-1).
TRIP
PS1_4_HSPO1
I>
I>
OR
PS1_4_HSPO1
TRIP
PS1_4_HSPO1
I>>
I>>
"wired-OR" structure is not allowed
an explicit Boolean "OR" block is required instead ORgate
Fig. 6.1.-1 Use of an explicit Boolean OR gate (on the right)
6.2.
Digital inputs and outputs Digital inputs and outputs of RED 500 devices are implemented as directly represented global variables. As such, they are special cases and their use in the configuration is limited. Directly represented variables are declared in the Global Variables sheet of the project tree. They can be recognized by the AT keyword as in the examples below. BIO1_5_BI1
AT %IX 1.8.2
:BOOL := FALSE;
( *Binary input X5.1/1,2 *)
BIO2_7_PO1
AT %QX 1.13.2
:BOOL := FALSE;
( *Single pole output X7.1/17,18 *)
Note that the parts of the line following the AT keyword may not be changed. Only the name of the signal, that is, the part before the AT keyword, may be changed if required. If the names are adapted to the logical meanings of the signals, the user is encouraged to create and to follow a naming convention. The name should indicate, apart from the logical meaning, whether the signal is an input or output signal. Examples of such names following a naming convention could be: Q9_close_sta_IN
AT %IX 1.8.2
:BOOL := FALSE;
(* Binary input X5.1/1,2 *)
Q9_close_cmd_OUT
AT %QX 1.13.2
:BOOL := FALSE;
(* Single pole output X7.1/17,18 *)
Access direction for the directly represented variables is restricted by their purpose. This means that a digital input can be read but not written, see Fig. 6.2.-1 below. Accordingly, an output can be written but not read. Note that an input can be read from several locations within a worksheet and even from any program organisation unit within the configuration, whereas an output can only be written from one location at a time. 63
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Digital3
Fig. 6.2.-1 Neither writing a digital input nor reading a digital output is allowed
6.3.
Explicit feedback path A feedback path exists on the FBD worksheet when an output of a function block is used as an input to a function block that precedes it in the execution order. There are two types of feedback paths, an explicit and an implicit feedback loop (see Fig. 6.3.1 and Fig. 6.3.-2 below). It is strongly recommended that explicit feedback loops are changed to implicit loops by using a feedback variable. The Relay Configuration Tool can detect explicit loops during compilation. If you click the checked command Display warnings in the Make menu, the compiler gives warnings about the detected explicit feedback loops. To view the feedback loops, select the checked command Highlight feedback in the Layout menu. The execution order of functions compared to the expected behaviour may in some cases dictate where the feedback variable should be added (for instructions on how to view the execution order, refer to Section 6.7. Execution order). The initial value of the feedback variable should also be selected with care.
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ExplFeedbck
Fig. 6.3.-1 Explicit feedback loop is detected and highlighted
ImplFeedbck
Fig. 6.3.-2 Implicit feedback via the local variable FEEDBACK
6.4.
Analog inputs Analog channels defined in the resource can be connected to the analog inputs of application function blocks on a code body worksheet. Most of the function blocks with several analog inputs support unconnected inputs. For example, in Fig. 6.4.-1 below, the function block NOC3Low operates on only two inputs. The third and unused input constantly measures a zero current amplitude. This function block only requires that at least one of the three inputs is connected. On the other hand, certain function blocks require that all analog inputs are connected. An example of such a function block is OV3Low (see Fig. 6.4.-1 below). If the analog channel requirements of a function block are violated, a configuration error is generated. For more information on how analog inputs are expected to be connected, refer to the function block manuals on the CD-ROM Technical Descriptions of Functions, see Section 1.6. Related documents.
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Analog channels connected to application function blocks may not be changed runtime. Therefore, do not use any selectors between analog channels and function blocks.
analog_inputs3
Fig. 6.4.-1 Connecting analog inputs of application function blocks. Do not use a selector to switch between channels.
6.5.
Error outputs of application function blocks If a configuration for a function block is not correct, its ERR output is activated immediately after configuration downloading and the function block is forced to the Not in use mode. In this case, application function blocks that have the Operation mode parameter in their actual setting menu display the Not in use operation mode, regardless of which mode has been selected for the parameter in the setting group menu. Currently, with most function blocks, this will result in an automatic resetting, without storing, of the relay. The automatic reset does not occur in REM 54_. The error signals of all application function blocks should be collected together via an OR gate and connected to, for example, an HMI alarm indication of REF 54_ or REM 54_, that is, an MMIALAR_ function block. Detecting any untreated configuration errors is fast and easy when the error signals of all application function blocks are collected together via an OR gate and connected to MMIALAR_ function block. Configuration errors typically originate from missing special measurements, the type, order or number of analog channels connected to function blocks, or task interval requirements.
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6.6.
Warnings In case of the indication Warning: Instance “xx” is never used in connection with compilation, remove the corresponding instances of the function block from the variables worksheet of the POU. The tool does not give a warning for unused variables, which is why they are recommended to be removed manually. When a global variable is added to a sheet as a copy-paste -function, the Global option button has to be chosen (see figure below properties can be accessed by double-clicking the right mouse button); otherwise the variable becomes a local variable of the POU, which is due to the auto-insert feature of the tool (global variable = VAR_EXTERNAL, local variable = VAR).
radio
Fig. 6.6.-1 Copying a global variable to a worksheet of a POU
6.7.
Execution order After compilation, check the execution order in relation to the calling sequence of POUs by using the Layout Execution Order function. Note, however, that although the connection of simple variables to each other generates code, the execution order cannot be seen by means of the Layout Execution Order function. If the MOVE function is used instead of direct connection, the execution order can be utilised in concluding whether the result is desirable, for example, the reading and writing order of the variables.
MoveExpl
Fig. 6.7.-1 Direct connection of variables and a connection via the MOVE function
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EXECUTIObw
Fig. 6.7.-2 The INTERLOCKING variable is updated (TMP1) during the task execution cycle (see the execution order 1,2,3) In addition, the execution order may be illogical or even incorrect considering the functionality.
EXECUTE2bw
Fig. 6.7.-3 The implicit feedback (TMP1) delays the updating of the INTERLOCKING variable by one task execution cycle
6.8.
F-key The freely programmable F-key of REF 54_, REM 54_ and RET 54_ is declared as VAR_GLOBAL in the global variable worksheet as follows: F001V021:BOOL:=0;
(*
(R, W) Free configuration point (F-key)
The F-key parameter can be added to the configuration logic as an external variable (VAR_EXTERNAL).
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medrec6
Fig. 6.8.-1 Example of using F-key with the disturbance recorder function block MEDREC16 The variables below are internal variables of the system and are thus not recommended to be used like the F-key parameter. F001V011:BOOL:=0;
(*
(W) Resetting of operation indications
*)
F001V012:BOOL:=0;
(*
(W) Resetting of operation indications & latched output signals
*)
F001V013:BOOL:=0;
(*
(W) Resetting of operation indications, latched output signals & waveform memory
*)
F001V020:BOOL:=0;
(*
(W) Resetting of accumulated energy measurement
*)
F002V004:BOOL:=0;
(*
(R, W) Control: Interlocking bypass mode for all control objects (Enables all)
*)
F002V005:USINT:=0;
(*
(W) Control: Recent control position
*)
F002V006:BOOL:=0;
(*
(W) Control: Virtual LON input poll status
*)
F900V251:BOOL:=0;
(*
(W) Control: Execute all command for selected objects (inside module)
*)
F900V252:BOOL:=0;
(*
(W) Control: Cancel all command for selected objects (inside module)
*)
F000V251:BOOL:=0;
(*
(W) Control: Execute all command for selected objects (inside module)
*)
F000V252:BOOL:=0;
(*
(W) Control: Cancel all command for selected objects (inside module)
*)
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7.
Engineering tips
7.1.
Horizontal communication This example includes four (4) bays. The logic is basically the same in every bay. The intention of this guideline is to point out how to ensure the horizontal inter-bay communication, including correct state indication of control objects via LON communication. The logic also includes an alarm function in case of a broken fibre optic. Incorrect updating of interlocking information blocks the control of objects, but the blocking can be bypassed by setting the device to the bypass mode.
7.1.1.
Guideline for using LON NV-variables in PLC logic Communication between terminals is executed by using the communication input and output signals (global variables COMM_IN_ and COMM_OUT_). The logic must be designed in a Relay Configuration Tool project. The LON network variable bindings can be created with the LON Network Tool. Communication inputs and outputs are bound to each other on a one-to-one basis by means of unacknowledged repeated unicast service. The signals are named so that the number at the end of COMM_OUT_ (for example COMM_OUT2) denotes the bay to which the signal is sent. Accordingly, the number at the end of COMM_IN_ denotes the bay from which the signal is received. This way, COMM_OUT2 of bay 1 is bound to COMM_IN1 of bay 2.
7.1.1.1.
COMM_IN COMM_IN_ signals are converted into Boolean logic mode by INT2BOOL function blocks. The B0 output signal (BLOCK1) in an INT2BOOL function block is used for blocking the control of objects except for the one that is sending the signal. In other words, only one object can be controlled at a time. Furthermore, Comm-Check_ signals are used for checking the condition of fibre optics. Signals for bay interlocking are also received. See Fig. 7.1.1.1.-1.
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comm_in
Fig. 7.1.1.1.-1 Example of the COMM_IN logic
7.1.1.2.
COMM_OUT Communication signals sent from one bay to other bays include the reservation of control objects, updating of communication output signals and some indications needed in other bays. Overall, digital signals are sent via LON and converted from Boolean logic to unsigned integer (UINT, 16 bits) values.
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comm_out
Fig. 7.1.1.2.-1 Example of the COMM_OUT logic
7.1.1.3.
Cyclic sending generation The logic below shows an example of how the cyclic sending of communication output signals can be generated. The idea is to generate a boolean signal with a 5-second pulse duration and a 50-percent duty cycle.
update all
Fig. 7.1.1.3.-1 Example of generating the cyclic sending of communication output signals
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7.1.1.4.
Cyclic communication check Timers check the horizontal communication The timers activate an alarm signal as a result of failed communication (Bay__Comm_Failed) 15 seconds after the new value of a Comm-Check_ signal has been received. Comm_Check_ signals are updated every 5 seconds, which affects the TON timer functions thus preventing the activation of Q output signals. If the communication fails, all four bays are blocked.
check
Fig. 7.1.1.4.-1 Cyclic communication check
7.1.1.5.
Blocking If horizontal communication has failed, the BLOCK2 signal is sent to every controllable function block to prevent the control of local objects. Furthermore, the HMI alarm indication 8 (in REF 54_ , REM 54_ or RET 54_) is activated. The BLOCK1 signal is used to create a mutual exclusion effect between bays. The signal is activated by horizontal communication when a control object is selected in one of the other bays.
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BLOCK
Fig. 7.1.1.5.-1 Blocking the control of objects
7.1.1.6.
Control of objects The control of an object, for example a breaker, can be executed if the BLOCK input is not active (TRUE). Accordingly, an object cannot be controlled during the reservation of other objects (in the same bay or in other bays) or the failing of horizontal communication. However, the blocking can be bypassed by setting the terminal to the bypass mode (MAIN MENU/Control/General/Interlocking Bypass). The bypass mode overrides interlockings provided the bypass signal is included in the logic (see also Section 7.1.1.7. Bypass mode).
Q1
Fig. 7.1.1.6.-1 Defining the bypass mode for the control object
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7.1.1.7.
Bypass mode The bypass mode signal can be generated in the logic via the COLOCAT function block. After activation of the bypass mode, the BYPASS signal is active and therefore prevents activation of the BLOCK input.
bypass
Fig. 7.1.1.7.-1 Generation of the bypass mode signal
7.2.
Events from the measurement function blocks SPA protocol used Measurement values have to be polled because they are not sent with events. Thereby the delta supervision events of the measurement function blocks can be masked off. If limit supervision is set to be done by RTU, the limit event sending must be allowed in event masks. In this case, the client is informed of the activation and resetting of each limit with the corresponding event code numbers.
LON protocol used Each measured variable is individualized by an IEC address. Measurement values and the corresponding IEC addresses are sent to a client, for example to MicroSCADA, with both delta supervision events and limit supervision events. The limit supervision events are not recommended to be masked off if limit supervision is used. When the warning and alarm limit supervision is active, the priority for limit event sending is higher than that for delta event sending if both type of events are sent concurrently. Concurrent event sending appears, for example, when a measured value changes considerably during a short period, for example when a circuit breaker is closed or opened. This causes problems if limit supervision events have been masked off since the client does not receive all measurement values even if major changes have taken place.
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8.
APPENDIX A: Relay configuration procedure
1. Create a new project 2. Create a tree structure a) Libraries b) Logical POU framework (programs and function blocks) c) Physical Hardware i) configuration ii) resource - hardware version - used analog channels and measurement signal types - digital inputs - power and energy measurement - condition monitoring (circuit breaker breaker wear) iii) tasks - connection between program and task - task interval d) Logical POU contents 3. Design logics 4. Check variable declarations a) Data types and initialisers b) Instances of functions and function blocks c) Variable categories i) VAR - END_VAR ii) VAR_EXTERNAL - END_VAR iii) VAR_INPUT - END_VAR iv) VAR_OUTPUT - END_VAR v) VAR_GLOBAL - END_VAR 5. Compile a project 6. If an add-on protocol (DNP 3.0 or Modbus) is used, create protocol mapping. 7. Download it to the device
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9.
APPENDIX B: Specification for REF 54_ feeder terminal configuration
9.1.
General data
Project name:
Date:
This specification suitable for bays:
Substation name:
Feeder terminal type:
Software revision
Order number: REF54 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __(for
example REF543HC127AAAA)
Handled by:
Company:
Telephone number:
Fax number:
This document serves as a technical specification of substation protection and is used for the configuration of REF 54_ feeder terminals. Special requirements can be specified under “Further information” at the bottom of each page.
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9.2.
Electrotechnical data
9.2.1.
Analog inputs Table 9.2.1-1
Analog input channel connections
Channel
Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analog measuring channels
1 2...5 6 7...10
Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer Voltage transfomer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement
Further information:
Module type
Board
MIM
X1.1 27 25 24 22 21
MIMX1.1.fh8
19 18 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Terminal number
Connected object
100V
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT4
100V
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:24
VT3
100V
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:21
VT2
100V
Ch 7
X1.1:16, X1.1:18
VT1
Ch 6
X1.1:13, X1.1:14, X1.1:15
CT5
Ch 5
X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12
CT4
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
0,2A 1A
1A 5A
1A 5A
1A 5A
1A 5A
Signal type
MIMX1.1
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Module type
Board
SIM
X2.1
Terminal number
DIFF
X2.2 DIFF
X2.3 DIFF
X2.4 DIFF
X2.5 DIFF
X2.6 DIFF
X2.7 DIFF
SIMX2.fh8
X2.8 DIFF
X2.9 DIFF
Ch 10, sensor
X2.1
Ch 9, sensor
X2.2
Ch 8, sensor
X2.3
Ch 7, sensor
X2.4
Ch 5, sensor
X2.5
Ch 4, sensor
X2.6
Ch 3, sensor
X2.7
Ch 2, sensor
X2.8
Ch 1, sensor
X2.9
Connected object
Signal type
Simx2
The measuring device can be connected exclusively to the analog channels of either MIM or SIM type modules. Ten channels are available. Further information:
9.2.2.
System frequency 50 Hz
Digital inputs Module type
Board
PS1 (REF541, REF543)
PS1X4.2.fh8
9.2.3.
60 Hz
Terminal number
Connected object
X4.2 1 2
PS1_4_BI1
X4.2:1, X4.2:2
1)
4 5
PS1_4_BI2
X4.2:4, X4.2:5
1)
6 7
PS1_4_BI3
X4.2:6, X4.2:7
1)
1) Digital input / counter input PS1X4.2
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Module type
Board
BIO1
Connected object
X5.1 1 2 3
BIO1_5_BI1
X5.1:1, X5.1:2
BIO1_5_BI2
X5.1:2, X5.1:3
4 5 6
BIO1_5_BI3
X5.1:4, X5.1:5
BIO1_5_BI4
X5.1:5, X5.1:6
7 8 9
BIO1_5_BI5
X5.1:7, X5.1:8
BIO1_5_BI6
X5.1:8, X5.1:9
BIO1_5_BI7
X5.1:10, X5.1:11
BIO1_5_BI8
X5.1:11, X5.1:12
BIO1_5_BI9
X5.1:13, X5.1:14
1)
BIO1_5_BI10
X5.1:15, X5.1:16
1)
BIO1_5_BI11
X5.1:17, X5.1:18
1)
10 11 12
BIO1X5.1.fh8
Terminal number
13 14 15 16 17 18
1) Digital input / counter input BIO1X5.1
Module type BIO1 (REF 545)
Board X6.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Terminal number
Connected object
BIO1_6_BI1
X6.1:1, X6.1:2
BIO1_6_BI2
X6.1:2, X6.1:3
BIO1_6_BI3
X6.1:4, X6.1:5
BIO1_6_BI4
X6.1:5, X6.1:6
BIO1_6_BI5
X6.1:7, X6.1:8
BIO1_6_BI6
X6.1:8, X6.1:9
BIO1_6_BI7
X6.1:10, X6.1:11
BIO1_6_BI8
X6.1:11, X6.1:12
BIO1_6_BI9
X6.1:13, X6.1:14
1)
BIO1_6_BI10
X6.1:15, X6.1:16
1)
BIO1_6_BI11
X6.1:17, X6.1:18
1)
1) Digital input / counter input A060620
Further information:
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Module type
Board
BIO1
Terminal number
Connected object
X5.2:1, X5.2:2
1)
X5.2 BIO1X5.2.fh8
1 2
BIO1_5_BI12
1) Digital input/ counter input/ time sync BIO1X5.2
Module type
Board
BIO2 (REF543, REF545)
X7.1
Terminal number
Connected object
1 2 3
BIO2_7_BI1
X7.1:1, X7.1:2
BIO2_7_BI2
X7.1:2, X7.1:3
4 5 6
BIO2_7_BI3
X7.1:4, X7.1:5
BIO2_7_BI4
X7.1:5, X7.1:6
7 8 9
BIO2_7_BI5
X7.1:7, X7.1:8
BIO2_7_BI6
X7.1:8, X7.1:9
BIO2_7_BI7
X7.1:10, X7.1:11
BIO2_7_BI8
X7.1:11, X7.1:12
13 14
BIO2_7_BI9
X7.1:13, X7.1:14
1)
15 16
BIO2_7_BI10
X7.1:15, X7.1:16
1)
10 11 12
BIO2X7.1.fh8
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1) Digital input / counter input BIO2X7.1
Further information:
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9.2.4.
Digital outputs Module type Connected object PS1 (REF541, REF543)
Terminal number 1)
Board
+
PS1_4_ACFail
Mains
X4.1:1, X4.1:2 1)
-
PS1_4_TempAlarm
X4.1:3, X4.1:4, X4.1:5
X4.1 1 2 X4.1 3 4
IRF
5 6 X4.1:6, X4.1:7, X4.1:8, X4.1:9
7 9 8
PS1_4_HSPO3
10 X4.1:10, X4.1:11, X4.1:12, X4.1:13 1)
PS1_4_HSPO1 PS1_4_TCS1
11 13 12
TCS1
1)
16 18 17
PS1_4_HSPO2 PS1_4_TCS2
TCS2
1) Please indicate whether the trip circuit supervision inputs will be configured to use or not
Module type Connected object PS2 (REF545)
PS1X4.1
Terminal number 1)
Board
+
PS2_4_ACFail
Mains
X4.1:1, X4.1:2 1)
-
PS2_4_TempAlarm
X4.1:3, X4.1:4, X4.1:5
PS1X4.1.fh8
15 X4.1:15, X4.1:16, X4.1:17, X4.1:18
X4.1 1 2 X4.1 3 4
IRF
5 6 X4.1:6, X4.1:7, X4.1:8, X4.1:9
7 9 8
PS2_4_HSPO3
10 X4.1:10, X4.1:11, X4.1:12, X4.1:13 1)
PS2_4_HSPO1 PS2_4_TCS1
TCS1
11 13 12
1)
PS2_4_HSPO2 PS2_4_TCS2
TCS2
16 18 17
PS2X4.1.fh8
15 X4.1:15, X4.1:16, X4.1:17, X4.1:18
1) Please indicate whether the trip circuit supervision inputs will be configured to use or not
PS2X4.1
Further information:
84
Protection & Control Terminals
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
PS1 (REF541, REF543)
X4.2 8 X4.2:8, X4.2:9, X4.2:10, X4.2:11
PS1_4_HSPO4
X4.2:12, X4.2:13, X4.2:14, X4.2:15
PS1_4_HSPO5
9 11 10 12 13 15 14
X4.2:16, X4.2:17, X4.2:18
PS1_4_SO1
PS1X4.2o.fh8
16 17
18
PS1X4.2o Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
PS2 (REF545)
X4.2 1 X4.2:1, X4.2:2, X4.2:3, X4.2:4
PS2_4_HSPO4
X4.2:5, X4.2:6, X4.2:7, X4.2:8
PS2_4_HSPO5
X4.2:9, X4.2:10, X4.2:11, X4.2:12
PS2_4_HSPO6
X4.2:13, X4.2:14, X4.2:15, X4.2:16
PS2_4_HSPO7
X4.2:17, X4.2:18
PS2_4_HSPO8
2 4 3 5 6 8 7 9 10 12 11 13 14 16 15 17 18
PS2X4.2o.fh8
1MRS750745-MUM
PS2X4.2o
Further information:
85
REF 54_, REM 54_, Protection & Control Terminals RET 54_, REC 523
1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
BIO1
X5.2 3 X5.2:3, X5.2:4
BIO1_5_SO1
X5.2:5, X5.2:6
BIO1_5_SO2
X5.2:7, X5.2:8, X5.2:9
BIO1_5_SO3
4 5 6
7 9 8 10 12
X5.2:10, X5.2:11, X5.2:12
BIO1_5_SO4
11 13 15
BIO1_5_SO5
X5.2:16, X5.2:17, X5.2:18
BIO1_5_SO6
14 16 18 17
BIO1X5.2o.fh8
X5.2:13, X5.2:14, X5.2:15
BIO1X5.2o Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
BIO1 (REF545)
X6.2 3 X6.2:3, X6.2:4
BIO1_6_SO1
X6.2:5, X6.2:6
BIO1_6_SO2
X6.2:7, X6.2:8, X6.2:9
BIO1_6_SO3
X6.2:10, X6.2:11, X6.2:12
BIO1_6_SO4
4 5 6 7 9 8 10 12 11
X6.2:13, X6.2:14, X6.2:15
BIO1_6_SO5
X6.2:16, X6.2:17, X6.2:18
BIO1_6_SO6
14 16 18 17
BIO1X6.2.fh8
13 15
BIO1X6.2
Further information:
86
Protection & Control Terminals
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
Terminal number
Board
BIO2 (REF543, REF545)
X7.1
X7.1:17, X7.1:18
BIO2_7_PO1
BIO2X7.1o.fh8
Module type Connected object
17 18
BIO2X7.1o
Module type Connected object BIO2 (REF543, REF545)
Terminal number
Board X7.2
X7.2:1, X7.2:2
BIO2_7_PO2
1 2 3
X7.2:3, X7.2:4, X7.2:5, X7.2:6
BIO2_7_PO3
4 6 5 7
X7.2:7, X7.2:8, X7.2:9, X7.2:10
BIO2_7_PO4
X7.2:11, X7.2:12, X7.2:13, X7.2:14
BIO2_7_PO5
8 10 9 11 12 14 13 15
X7.2:15, X7.2:16, X7.2:17, X7.2:18
BIO2_7_PO6
16 18 17
BIO2X7.2.fh8
1MRS750745-MUM
BIO2X7.2
Further information:
87
REF 54_, REM 54_, Protection & Control Terminals RET 54_, REC 523
1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
9.2.5.
RTD module
9.2.5.1.
RTD/analog inputs Module type RTD1 (REF541, REF543)
Board X6.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Terminal number
15 16 17 18
1)
SHUNT
+ -
SHUNT
RTD1_6_AI1
X6.1:1, X6.1:2, X6.1:3
RTD1_6_AI2
X6.1:5, X6.1:6, X6.1:7
RTD1_6_AI3
X6.1:8, X6.1:9, X6.1:10
RTD1_6_AI4
X6.1:12, X6.1:13, X6.1:14
RTD1_6_AI5
X6.1:15, X6.1:16, X6.1:17
DIFF
+
DIFF
+ -
DIFF
SHUNT
10 11 12 13 14
Connected object
SHUNT
+
DIFF
+ -
DIFF
SHUNT
X6.2 1 2 3
RTD1X6._.fh8
4 5 6 7
SHUNT
DIFF
+ -
DIFF
RTD1_6_AI6 X6.2:1, X6.2:2, X6.2:3
SHUNT
RTD1_6_AI7 X6.2:4, X6.2:5, X6.2:6
-
8 9 10
+
SHUNT
+
RTD1_6_AI8 X6.2:7, X6.2:8, X6.2:9 DIFF
1) Current transducer / voltage transducer / resistance sensor
Further information:
88
RTD1X6._
1MRS750745-MUM
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Protection & Control Terminals Configuration Guideline
RTD outputs Module type
Connected object
Terminal number
Board
RTD1 (REF541, REF543)
X6.2
X6.2:11, X6.2:12
RTD1_6_AO1
+ mA-
11 12
X6.2:13, X6.2:14
RTD1_6_AO2
+ mA-
13 14
X6.2:15, X6.2:16
RTD1_6_AO3
+ mA-
15 16
X6.2:17, X6.2:18
RTD1_6_AO4
+ mA-
17 18
RTD1X6.2.fh8
9.2.5.2.
RTD1X6.2
Further information:
9.3.
Functionality
9.3.1.
Order number REF54 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (for example REF543HD127AAAA)
89
REF 54_, REM 54_, Protection & Control Terminals RET 54_, REC 523
1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
9.3.2.
Application function blocks used The lists below represent the full set of function blocks, but the selected functionality level (indicated by a letter in the order number, for example REF543HC127AAAA) determines the function blocks available for the configuration. Note that optional functions, that is, those selectable in addition to the functions included in a functionality level, are listed separately.
Protection AR5Func CUB3Low DEF2Low DEF2High DEF2Inst DOC6Low DOC6High DOC6Inst Freq1St1
Freq1St2 Freq1St3 Freq1St4 Freq1St5 Fusefail Inrush3 MotStart NEF1Low NEF1High
NEF1Inst NOC3Low NOC3High NOC3Inst OV3Low OV3High PSV3St1 PSV3St2 ROV1Low
ROV1High ROV1Inst SCVCSt1 SCVCSt2 TOL3Cab TOL3Dev UV3Low UV3High
MEAI7 MEAI8 MEAO1 MEAO2 MEAO3 MEAO4
MECU1A MECU1B MECU3A MECU3B MEDREC16 MEFR1
MEPE7 MEVO1A MEVO1B MEVO3A MEVO3B
COIND1 COIND2 COIND3 COIND4 COIND5 COIND6 COIND7 COIND8 COLOCAT
COSW1 COSW2 COSW3 COSW4 MMIALAR1 MMIALAR2 MMIALAR3 MMIALAR4 MMIALAR5
MMIALAR6 MMIALAR7 MMIALAR8 MMIDATA1 MMIDATA2 MMIDATA3 MMIDATA4 MMIDATA5
Measurement MEAI1 MEAI2 MEAI3 MEAI4 MEAI5 MEAI6
Control COCB1 COCB2 COCBDIR CO3DC1 CO3DC2 CODC1 CODC2 CODC3 CODC4 CODC5
90
1MRS750745-MUM
Protection & Control Terminals
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
Condition monitoring CMBWEAR1 CMBWEAR2 CMCU3 CMGAS1 CMGAS3 CMSCHED CMSPRC1
CMTCS1 CMTCS2 CMTIME1 CMTIME2 CMTRAV1 CMVO3
Communication EVENT230
General INDRESET MMIWAKE SWGRP1 SWGRP2 SWGRP3 SWGRP4
SWGRP5 SWGRP6 SWGRP7 SWGRP8 SWGRP9 SWGRP10
SWGRP11 SWGRP12 SWGRP13 SWGRP14 SWGRP15 SWGRP16
SWGRP17 SWGRP18 SWGRP19 SWGRP20
Optional functions COPFC CUB1Cap CUB3Cap FLOC
9.3.3.
OL3Cap PQCU3H PQVO3H PQVO3Sd
Communication Protocol used:
Port X3.2 Modbus DNP 3.0 IEC 60870-5-103 SPA
Port X3.3 LON SPA
91
REF 54_, REM 54_, Protection & Control Terminals RET 54_, REC 523
1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
9.3.4.
Virtual channels Virtual meas.
Channel number
Channel number
Analog meas. 2
Channel number
Analog meas. 3
I0s
IL1
IL2
IL3
I0bs
IL1b
IL2b
IL3b
U0s
U1
U2
U3
U0bs
U1b
U2b
U3b
U12s
U1
U2
U23s
U2
U3
U31s
U1
U3
U12bs
U1b
U2b
U23bs
U2b
U3b
U31bs
Further information:
92
Analog meas. 1
U1b
U3b
Channel number
1MRS750745-MUM
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Protection & Control Terminals Configuration Guideline
9.4.
Relay MIMIC configuration
9.4.1.
Illustration of the system, MIMIC diagram
Symbol used
closed
open
undef. 0 0
undef. 1 1
Disconnector: (truck symbols)
Circuit breaker:
Earth switch:
Further information:
93
REF 54_, REM 54_, Protection & Control Terminals RET 54_, REC 523
1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
9.4.2.
Alarm LEDs Fill in the table below to describe the legend text used as well as the flashing sequence and colour of the LEDs. Descriptions for legend texts and LEDs
LED OFF state
ON state Colour
Flashing Text seq. (max. 16 characters)
off green yellow red latched, blinking latched, steady non-latched, blinking
Text (max. 16 characters)
Colour
Flashing seq.
off green yellow red latched, blinking latched, steady non-latched, blinking
Table 9.4.2-1
1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Interlocking _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
X
X
Control test mode _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Further information:
94
X X
1MRS750745-MUM
Protection & Control Terminals
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
9.5.
Functionality logic Please specify the required special PLC logic functionality (see the examples below), by drawing or otherwise, on separate sheets and enclose all additional information with this document (Specification for Feeder Terminal Configuration). Example 1: Earthing sequence Earthing of the outgoing feeder can be done by a circuit breaker when an earthing sequence is activated, an earthing switch is earthed and no voltage is measured. If all conditions are fulfilled, the circuit breaker can be closed after 1 second. The figure below shows the implementation of the desired logic.
Earthing
Example 2: Usage of the F-key and a software switch
F key
95
REF 54_, REM 54_, Protection & Control Terminals RET 54_, REC 523
1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
Example 3: Voltage measurement in the MIMIC view Phase-to-phase voltage must be shown in voltages [V] in the MIMIC view.
Voltage
9.6.
Feeder terminal settings Responsibility: The end user defines the feeder terminal settings Feeder terminal settings according to the turn-key principle The setting of the parameters is not part of the configuration. The end user will normally be responsible for the setting parameters.
Further information:
96
1MRS750745-MUM
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Protection & Control Terminals Configuration Guideline
10.
APPENDIX C: Specification for REM 54_ machine terminal configuration
10.1.
General data Project name:
Date:
This specification suitable for bays:
Substation name:
Machine terminal type:
Software revision
Order number: REM54 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (for
example REM543BM212AAAA)
Handled by:
Company:
Telephone number:
Fax number:
This document serves as a technical specification of substation protection and is used for the configuration of REM 54_ machine terminals. Special requirements can be specified under “Further information” at the bottom of each page.
97
REF 54_, REM 54_, Protection & Control Terminals RET 54_, REC 523
1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
10.2.
Electrotechnical data
10.2.1.
Analog inputs
10.2.1.1.
Hardware versions with 5 current and 4 voltage transformers Table 10.2.1.1-1 Analog input channel connections Channel
Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analog measuring channels
1 2...5 6 7...10
Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer Voltage transfomer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement
The sensor inputs are shown in Section 10.2.1.5. Sensor inputs. Module type
Board
MIM X1.1 1MRS09021227 AA_/CA_ 25 24 22 21 19
RemMim1
18 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Connected object
100V
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT4
100V
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:24
VT3
100V
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:21
VT2
100V
Ch 7
X1.1:16, X1.1:18
VT1
0.2A 1A
Ch 6
X1.1:13, X1.1:14, X1.1:15
CT5
1A 5A
Ch 5
X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12
CT4
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
Further information:
98
Terminal number
Signal type
1MRS750745-MUM
Protection & Control Terminals
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
Hardware versions with 6 current and 3 voltage transformers Channel
Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analog measuring channels
1 2...4 5 6 7...9 10
Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Voltage transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Voltage transformer Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Voltage transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement
The sensor inputs are shown in Section 10.2.1.5. Sensor inputs. Module type
Board
MIM X1.1 1MRS09021427 AA_/CA_ 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 13 12
RemMim2
10.2.1.2.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Terminal number
Connected object
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT3
1A 5A
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:23, X1.1:24
CT6
1A 5A
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:20, X1.1:21
CT5
1A 5A
Ch 7
X1.1:16, X1.1:17, X1.1:18
CT4
100V
Ch 6
X1.1:13, X1.1:15
VT2
100V
100V
Ch 5
X1.1:10, X1.1:12
VT1
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
Signal type
RemMim2
Further information:
99
REF 54_, REM 54_, Protection & Control Terminals RET 54_, REC 523
1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
10.2.1.3.
Hardware versions with 7 current and 2 voltage transformers Channel
Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analog measuring channels
1 2...5 6 7...9 10
Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Voltage transformer Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Voltage transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement
The sensor inputs are shown in Section 10.2.1.5. Sensor inputs. Module type
Board
MIM X1.1 1MRS09021627 AA_/CA_ 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15
RemMim3
13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Terminal number
Connected object
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT2
1A 5A
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:23, X1.1:24
CT7
1A 5A
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:20, X1.1:21
CT6
1A 5A
Ch 7
X1.1:16, X1.1:17, X1.1:18
CT5
100V
Ch 6
X1.1:13, X1.1:15
VT1
100V
1A 5A
Ch 5
X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12
CT4
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
Signal type
RemMim3
Further information:
100
1MRS750745-MUM
Protection & Control Terminals
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
Hardware versions with 8 current and 1 voltage transformer Channel
Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analog measuring channels
1 2...5 6 7...9 10
Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Voltage transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement
The sensor inputs are shown in Section 10.2.1.5. Sensor inputs. Module type
Board
MIM X1.1 1MRS09021827 AA_/CA_ 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16
RemMim4
10.2.1.4.
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Terminal number
Connected object
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT1
1A 5A
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:23, X1.1:24
CT8
1A 5A
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:20, X1.1:21
CT7
1A 5A
Ch 7
X1.1:16, X1.1:17, X1.1:18
CT6
1A 5A
Ch 6
X1.1:13, X1.1:14, X1.1:15
CT5
100V
1A 5A
Ch 5
X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12
CT4
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
Signal type
RemMim4
Further information:
101
REF 54_, REM 54_, Protection & Control Terminals RET 54_, REC 523
1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
10.2.1.5.
Sensor inputs Module type
Board
SIM
X2.1
Terminal number
DIFF
X2.2 DIFF
X2.3 DIFF
X2.4 DIFF
X2.5 DIFF
X2.6 DIFF
X2.7 DIFF
SIMX2.fh8
X2.8 DIFF
X2.9 DIFF
Ch 10, sensor
X2.1
Ch 9, sensor
X2.2
Ch 8, sensor
X2.3
Ch 7, sensor
X2.4
Ch 5, sensor
X2.5
Ch 4, sensor
X2.6
Ch 3, sensor
X2.7
Ch 2, sensor
X2.8
Ch 1, sensor
X2.9
Connected object
Signal type
The measuring device can be connected exclusively to the analog channels of either MIM or SIM type modules. Ten channels are available. Simx2
Further information:
10.2.2.
System frequency
50 Hz
102
60 Hz
1MRS750745-MUM
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Protection & Control Terminals Configuration Guideline
Digital inputs Module type
Board
PS1X4.2b.fh8
PS1
Terminal number
Connected object
X4.2 1 2
PS1_4_BI1
X4.2:1, X4.2:2
1)
4 5
PS1_4_BI2
X4.2:4, X4.2:5
1)
6 7
PS1_4_BI3
X4.2:6, X4.2:7
1)
1) Digital input / counter input
PS1X4.2b Module type
Board
BIO1
Terminal number
Connected object
X5.1 1 2 3
BIO1_5_BI1
X5.1:1, X5.1:2
BIO1_5_BI2
X5.1:2, X5.1:3
4 5 6
BIO1_5_BI3
X5.1:4, X5.1:5
BIO1_5_BI4
X5.1:5, X5.1:6
7 8 9
BIO1_5_BI5
X5.1:7, X5.1:8
BIO1_5_BI6
X5.1:8, X5.1:9
BIO1_5_BI7
X5.1:10, X5.1:11
BIO1_5_BI8
X5.1:11, X5.1:12
BIO1_5_BI9
X5.1:13, X5.1:14
1)
BIO1_5_BI10
X5.1:15, X5.1:16
1)
BIO1_5_BI11
X5.1:17, X5.1:18
1)
10 11 12
BIO1X5.1.fh8
10.2.3.
13 14 15 16 17 18
1) Digital input / counter input
BIO1X5.1
Further information:
103
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1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
Module type
Board
BIO1
Terminal number
Connected object
X5.2:1, X5.2:2
1)
X5.2 BIO1X5.2.fh8
1 2
BIO1_5_BI12
1) Digital input/ counter input/ time sync
BIO1X5.2 Module type
Board
BIO2 (RET 543) (RET 545)
X7.1
Connected object
1 2 3
BIO2_7_BI1
X7.1:1, X7.1:2
BIO2_7_BI2
X7.1:2, X7.1:3
4 5 6
BIO2_7_BI3
X7.1:4, X7.1:5
BIO2_7_BI4
X7.1:5, X7.1:6
7 8 9
BIO2_7_BI5
X7.1:7, X7.1:8
BIO2_7_BI6
X7.1:8, X7.1:9
BIO2_7_BI7
X7.1:10, X7.1:11
BIO2_7_BI8
X7.1:11, X7.1:12
13 14
BIO2_7_BI9
X7.1:13, X7.1:14
1)
15 16
BIO2_7_BI10
X7.1:15, X7.1:16
1)
10 11 12
BIO2X7.1b.fh8
Terminal number
1) Digital input / counter input
BIO2X7.1b
Further information:
104
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Protection & Control Terminals
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
Digital outputs Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
PS1 1)
+
PS1_4_ACFail
Mains
X4.1:1, X4.1:2 1)
-
PS1_4_TempAlarm
X4.1:3, X4.1:4, X4.1:5
X4.1 1 2 X4.1 3 4
IRF
5 6 X4.1:6, X4.1:7, X4.1:8, X4.1:9
7 9 8
PS1_4_HSPO3
10 X4.1:10, X4.1:11, X4.1:12, X4.1:13 1)
PS1_4_HSPO1 PS1_4_TCS1
TCS1
11 13 12
1)
PS1_4_HSPO2 PS1_4_TCS2
TCS2
16 18 17
PS1X4.1b.fh8
15 X4.1:15, X4.1:16, X4.1:17, X4.1:18
1) Please indicate whether the trip circuit supervision inputs will be configured to use or not
PS1X4.1b Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
PS1
X4.2 8 X4.2:8, X4.2:9, X4.2:10, X4.2:11
PS1_4_HSPO4
X4.2:12, X4.2:13, X4.2:14, X4.2:15
PS1_4_HSPO5
9 11 10 12 13 15 14 16 17
X4.2:16, X4.2:17, X4.2:18
PS1_4_SO1
18
PS1X4.2o_b.fh8
10.2.4.
PS1X4.2o_b
Further information:
105
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1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
BIO1
X5.2 3 X5.2:3, X5.2:4
BIO1_5_SO1
X5.2:5, X5.2:6
BIO1_5_SO2
X5.2:7, X5.2:8, X5.2:9
BIO1_5_SO3
4 5 6
7 9 8 10 12
X5.2:10, X5.2:11, X5.2:12
BIO1_5_SO4
11 13 15
BIO1_5_SO5
X5.2:16, X5.2:17, X5.2:18
BIO1_5_SO6
14 16 18 17
BIO1X5.2o.fh8
X5.2:13, X5.2:14, X5.2:15
BIO1X5.2o Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
BIO2 (RET 543) (RET 545)
X7.1
X7.1:17, X7.1:18
BIO2_7_PO1
17 18
BIO2X7.1o_b
Further information:
106
1MRS750745-MUM
Protection & Control Terminals
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
Module type Connected object BIO2 (RET 543) (RET 545)
Terminal number
Board X7.2
X7.2:1, X7.2:2
BIO2_7_PO2
1 2 3
X7.2:3, X7.2:4, X7.2:5, X7.2:6
BIO2_7_PO3
4 6 5 7
X7.2:7, X7.2:8, X7.2:9, X7.2:10
BIO2_7_PO4
X7.2:11, X7.2:12, X7.2:13, X7.2:14
BIO2_7_PO5
8 10 9 11 12 14 13 15
X7.2:15, X7.2:16, X7.2:17, X7.2:18
BIO2_7_PO6
16 18 17
BIO2X7.2b
Further information:
107
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1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
10.2.5.
RTD module
10.2.5.1.
RTD/analog inputs Module type RTD1
Board X6.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Terminal number
15 16 17 18
1)
SHUNT
+ -
SHUNT
RTD1_6_AI1
X6.1:1, X6.1:2, X6.1:3
RTD1_6_AI2
X6.1:5, X6.1:6, X6.1:7
RTD1_6_AI3
X6.1:8, X6.1:9, X6.1:10
RTD1_6_AI4
X6.1:12, X6.1:13, X6.1:14
RTD1_6_AI5
X6.1:15, X6.1:16, X6.1:17
DIFF
+
DIFF
+ -
DIFF
SHUNT
10 11 12 13 14
Connected object
SHUNT
+
DIFF
+ -
DIFF
SHUNT
X6.2 1 2 3
RTD1X6._b.fh8
4 5 6 7
SHUNT
DIFF
+ -
DIFF
RTD1_6_AI6 X6.2:1, X6.2:2, X6.2:3
SHUNT
RTD1_6_AI7 X6.2:4, X6.2:5, X6.2:6
-
8 9 10
+
SHUNT
+
RTD1_6_AI8 X6.2:7, X6.2:8, X6.2:9 DIFF
1) Current transducer / voltage transducer / resistance sensor
Further information:
108
RTD1X6._b
1MRS750745-MUM
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Protection & Control Terminals Configuration Guideline
RTD outputs Module type
Connected object
Terminal number
Board
RTD1
X6.2
X6.2:11, X6.2:12
RTD1_6_AO1
+ mA-
11 12
X6.2:13, X6.2:14
RTD1_6_AO2
+ mA-
13 14
X6.2:15, X6.2:16
RTD1_6_AO3
+ mA-
15 16
X6.2:17, X6.2:18
RTD1_6_AO4
+ mA-
17 18
RTD1X6.2b.fh8
10.2.5.2.
RTD1X6.2b
Further information:
10.3.
Functionality
10.3.1.
Order number REM54 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (for example REM543CM212AAAA)
109
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1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
10.3.2.
Application function blocks used The lists below represent the full set of function blocks, but the selected functionality level (indicated by a letter in the order number, for example REM543CM212AAAA) determines the function blocks available for the configuration. Protection DEF2Low DEF2High DEF2Inst Diff3 Diff6G DOC6Low DOC6High DOC6Inst Freq1St1 Freq1St2 Freq1St3 Freq1St4 Freq1St5 FuseFail
Inrush3 MotStart NEF1Low NEF1High NEF1Inst NOC3Low NOC3High NOC3Inst NPS3Low NPS3High NUC3St1 NUC3St2 OE1Low OE1High
OPOW6St1 OPOW6St2 OPOW6St3 OV3Low OV3High PREV3 PSV3St1 PSV3St2 REF1A ROV1Low ROV1High ROV1Inst SCVCSt1 SCVCSt2
TOL3Dev UE6Low UE6High UI6Low UI6High UPOW6St1 UPOW6St2 UPOW6St3 UV3Low UV3High VOC6Low VOC6High
MEAI6 MEAI7 MEAI8 MEAO1 MEAO2
MEAO3 MEAO4 MECU1A MECU1B MECU3A
MEDREC16 MEFR1 MEPE7 MEVO1A MEVO3A
CODC5 COIND1 COIND2 COIND3 COIND4 COIND5 COIND6 COIND7 COIND8
COLOCAT COSW1 COSW2 COSW3 COSW4 MMIALAR1 MMIALAR2 MMIALAR3 MMIALAR4
MMIALAR5 MMIALAR6 MMIALAR7 MMIALAR8 MMIDATA1 MMIDATA2 MMIDATA3 MMIDATA4 MMIDATA5
Measurement MEAI1 MEAI2 MEAI3 MEAI4 MEAI5
Control COCB1 COCB2 COCBDIR CO3DC1 CO3DC2 CODC1 CODC2 CODC3 CODC4
110
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Protection & Control Terminals Configuration Guideline
Condition monitoring CMBWEAR1 CMBWEAR2 CMCU3 CMGAS1 CMGAS3 CMSCHED CMSPRC1
CMTCS1 CMTCS2 CMTIME1 CMTIME2 CMTRAV1 CMVO3
Communication EVENT230
General INDRESET MMIWAKE SWGRP1 SWGRP2 SWGRP3 SWGRP4
10.3.3.
SWGRP5 SWGRP6 SWGRP7 SWGRP8 SWGRP9 SWGRP10
SWGRP11 SWGRP12 SWGRP13 SWGRP14 SWGRP15 SWGRP16
SWGRP17 SWGRP18 SWGRP19 SWGRP20
Communication
Protocol used:
LON
SPA
Modbus
111
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1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
10.4.
Relay MIMIC configuration
10.4.1.
Illustration of the system, MIMIC diagram
Symbol used
closed
Disconnector: (truck symbols)
Circuit breaker:
Earth switch:
Further information:
112
open
undef. 0 0
undef. 1 1
1MRS750745-MUM
Protection & Control Terminals
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
10.4.2.
Alarm LEDs Please fill in the table below to describe the legend text used as well as the flashing sequence and colour of the LEDs.
Table 10.4.2-1 Descriptions for legend texts and LEDs LED OFF state
ON state Flashing Text seq. (max. 16 characters)
Colour
Flashing seq.
off green yellow red latched, blinking latched, steady non-latched, blinking
Colour
off green yellow red latched, blinking latched, steady non-latched, blinking
Text (max. 16 characters)
1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Interlocking _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
X
X
Control test mode _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
X X
Further information:
113
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Configuration Guideline
10.5.
Functionality logic Please specify the required special PLC logic functionality (see the examples below), by drawing or otherwise, on separate sheets and enclose all additional information with this document (Specification for Machine Terminal Configuration). Example 1: Earthing sequence Earthing of the outgoing feeder can be done by a circuit breaker when an earthing sequence is activated, an earthing switch is earthed and no voltage is measured. If all conditions are fulfilled, the circuit breaker can be closed after 1 second. The figure below shows the implementation of the desired logic.
Earthing
Example 2: Usage of the F-key and a software switch
F key
114
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Configuration Guideline
Example 3: Voltage measurement in the MIMIC view Phase-to-phase voltage must be shown in voltages [V] in the MIMIC view.
Voltage
10.6.
Machine terminal settings Responsibility: The end user defines the machine terminal settings Machine terminal settings according to the turn-key principle The setting of the parameters is not part of the configuration. The end user will normally be responsible for the setting parameters.
Further information:
115
116
1MRS750745-MUM
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Protection & Control Terminals Configuration Guideline
11.
APPENDIX D: Specification for RET 54_ transformer terminal configuration
11.1.
General data Project name:
Date:
This specification suitable for bays:
Substation name:
Machine terminal type:
Software revision
Order number: RET54 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (for
example RET543A_240AAAA)
Handled by:
Company:
Telephone number:
Fax number:
This document serves as a technical specification of substation protection and is used for the configuration of RET 54_ transformer terminals. Special requirements can be specified under “Further information” at the bottom of each page.
117
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Configuration Guideline
11.2.
Electrotechnical data
11.2.1.
Analog inputs
11.2.1.1.
Hardware versions with 6 current and 3 voltage transformers Channel
Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analog measuring channels
2...4 5..6 7...9 10
Current transformer Voltage transformer Current transformer Voltage transformer
Module type
Board
MIM X1.1 1MRS09021427 AA_/CA_ 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 13
RemMim2
12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Terminal number
Connected object
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT3
1A 5A
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:23, X1.1:24
CT6
1A 5A
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:20, X1.1:21
CT5
1A 5A
Ch 7
X1.1:16, X1.1:17, X1.1:18
CT4
100V
Ch 6
X1.1:13, X1.1:15
VT2
100V
Ch 5
X1.1:10, X1.1:12
VT1
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
100V
Signal type
RemMim2
Further information:
118
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REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
Hardware versions with 7 current and 2 voltage transformers Channel
Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analog measuring channels
2...5 6 7...9 10
Current transformer Voltage transformer Current transformer Voltage transformer
Module type
Board
MIM X1.1 1MRS09021627 AA_/CA_ 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 13
RemMim3
11.2.1.2.
12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Terminal number
Connected object
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT2
1A 5A
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:23, X1.1:24
CT7
1A 5A
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:20, X1.1:21
CT6
1A 5A
Ch 7
X1.1:16, X1.1:17, X1.1:18
CT5
100V
Ch 6
X1.1:13, X1.1:15
VT1
100V
1A 5A
Ch 5
X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12
CT4
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
Signal type
RemMim3
Further information:
119
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1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
11.2.1.3.
Hardware versions with 8 current and 1 voltage transformer Channel
Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analog measuring channels
2...9 10
Current transformer Voltage transformer
Module type
Board
MIM X1.1 1MRS09021827 AA_/CA_ 25
RemMim4
24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Terminal number
Connected object
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT1
1A 5A
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:23, X1.1:24
CT8
1A 5A
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:20, X1.1:21
CT7
1A 5A
Ch 7
X1.1:16, X1.1:17, X1.1:18
CT6
1A 5A
Ch 6
X1.1:13, X1.1:14, X1.1:15
CT5
Ch 5
X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12
CT4
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
100V
1A 5A
Signal type
RemMim4
Further information:
11.2.2.
System frequency
50 Hz
120
60 Hz
1MRS750745-MUM
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Protection & Control Terminals Configuration Guideline
Digital inputs Module type
Board
PS1X4.2b.fh8
PS1
Terminal number
Connected object
X4.2 1 2
PS1_4_BI1
X4.2:1, X4.2:2
1)
4 5
PS1_4_BI2
X4.2:4, X4.2:5
1)
6 7
PS1_4_BI3
X4.2:6, X4.2:7
1)
1) Digital input / counter input
PS1X4.2b Module type
Board
BIO1
Terminal number
Connected object
X5.1 1 2 3
BIO1_5_BI1
X5.1:1, X5.1:2
BIO1_5_BI2
X5.1:2, X5.1:3
4 5 6
BIO1_5_BI3
X5.1:4, X5.1:5
BIO1_5_BI4
X5.1:5, X5.1:6
7 8 9
BIO1_5_BI5
X5.1:7, X5.1:8
BIO1_5_BI6
X5.1:8, X5.1:9
BIO1_5_BI7
X5.1:10, X5.1:11
BIO1_5_BI8
X5.1:11, X5.1:12
BIO1_5_BI9
X5.1:13, X5.1:14
1)
BIO1_5_BI10
X5.1:15, X5.1:16
1)
BIO1_5_BI11
X5.1:17, X5.1:18
1)
10 11 12
BIO1X5.1.fh8
11.2.3.
13 14 15 16 17 18
1) Digital input / counter input
BIO1X5.1
Further information:
121
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1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
Module type
Board
BIO1
Terminal number
Connected object
X5.2:1, X5.2:2
1)
X5.2 BIO1X5.2.fh8
1 2
BIO1_5_BI12
1) Digital input/ counter input/ time sync
BIO1X5.2
Module type
Board
BIO2 (RET 543) (RET 545)
X7.1
Connected object
1 2 3
BIO2_7_BI1
X7.1:1, X7.1:2
BIO2_7_BI2
X7.1:2, X7.1:3
4 5 6
BIO2_7_BI3
X7.1:4, X7.1:5
BIO2_7_BI4
X7.1:5, X7.1:6
7 8 9
BIO2_7_BI5
X7.1:7, X7.1:8
BIO2_7_BI6
X7.1:8, X7.1:9
BIO2_7_BI7
X7.1:10, X7.1:11
BIO2_7_BI8
X7.1:11, X7.1:12
13 14
BIO2_7_BI9
X7.1:13, X7.1:14
1)
15 16
BIO2_7_BI10
X7.1:15, X7.1:16
1)
10 11 12
BIO2X7.1b.fh8
Terminal number
1) Digital input / counter input A050028
Further information:
122
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Configuration Guideline
Digital outputs Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
PS1 1)
+
PS1_4_ACFail
Mains
X4.1:1, X4.1:2 1)
-
PS1_4_TempAlarm
X4.1:3, X4.1:4, X4.1:5
X4.1 1 2 X4.1 3 4
IRF
5 6 X4.1:6, X4.1:7, X4.1:8, X4.1:9
7 9 8
PS1_4_HSPO3
10 X4.1:10, X4.1:11, X4.1:12, X4.1:13 1)
PS1_4_HSPO1 PS1_4_TCS1
TCS1
11 13 12
1)
PS1_4_HSPO2 PS1_4_TCS2
TCS2
16 18 17
PS1X4.1b.fh8
15 X4.1:15, X4.1:16, X4.1:17, X4.1:18
1) Please indicate whether the trip circuit supervision inputs will be configured to use or not
PS1X4.1b Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
PS1
X4.2 8 X4.2:8, X4.2:9, X4.2:10, X4.2:11
PS1_4_HSPO4
X4.2:12, X4.2:13, X4.2:14, X4.2:15
PS1_4_HSPO5
9 11 10 12 13 15 14 16 17
X4.2:16, X4.2:17, X4.2:18
PS1_4_SO1
18
PS1X4.2o_b.fh8
11.2.4.
PS1X4.2o_b
Further information:
123
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Configuration Guideline
Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
BIO1
X5.2 3 X5.2:3, X5.2:4
BIO1_5_SO1
X5.2:5, X5.2:6
BIO1_5_SO2
X5.2:7, X5.2:8, X5.2:9
BIO1_5_SO3
4 5 6
7 9 8 10 12
X5.2:10, X5.2:11, X5.2:12
BIO1_5_SO4
11 13 15
BIO1_5_SO5
X5.2:16, X5.2:17, X5.2:18
BIO1_5_SO6
14 16 18 17
BIO1X5.2o.fh8
X5.2:13, X5.2:14, X5.2:15
BIO1X5.2o
Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
BIO2 (RET 543) (RET 545)
X7.1
X7.1:17, X7.1:18
BIO2_7_PO1
17 18 A050225
Further information:
124
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Configuration Guideline
Module type Connected object BIO2 (RET 543) (RET 545)
Terminal number
Board X7.2
X7.2:1, X7.2:2
BIO2_7_PO2
1 2 3
X7.2:3, X7.2:4, X7.2:5, X7.2:6
BIO2_7_PO3
4 6 5 7
X7.2:7, X7.2:8, X7.2:9, X7.2:10
BIO2_7_PO4
X7.2:11, X7.2:12, X7.2:13, X7.2:14
BIO2_7_PO5
8 10 9 11 12 14 13 15
X7.2:15, X7.2:16, X7.2:17, X7.2:18
BIO2_7_PO6
16 18 17 A050226
Further information:
125
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Configuration Guideline
11.2.5.
RTD module
11.2.5.1.
RTD/analog inputs Module type RTD1
Board X6.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Terminal number
15 16 17 18
1)
SHUNT
+ -
SHUNT
RTD1_6_AI1
X6.1:1, X6.1:2, X6.1:3
RTD1_6_AI2
X6.1:5, X6.1:6, X6.1:7
RTD1_6_AI3
X6.1:8, X6.1:9, X6.1:10
RTD1_6_AI4
X6.1:12, X6.1:13, X6.1:14
RTD1_6_AI5
X6.1:15, X6.1:16, X6.1:17
DIFF
+
DIFF
+ -
DIFF
SHUNT
10 11 12 13 14
Connected object
SHUNT
+
DIFF
+ -
DIFF
SHUNT
X6.2 1 2 3
RTD1X6._b.fh8
4 5 6 7
SHUNT
DIFF
+ -
DIFF
RTD1_6_AI6 X6.2:1, X6.2:2, X6.2:3
SHUNT
RTD1_6_AI7 X6.2:4, X6.2:5, X6.2:6
-
8 9 10
+
SHUNT
+
RTD1_6_AI8 X6.2:7, X6.2:8, X6.2:9 DIFF
1) Current transducer / voltage transducer / resistance sensor
Further information:
126
RTD1X6._b
1MRS750745-MUM
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Protection & Control Terminals Configuration Guideline
RTD outputs Module type
Connected object
Terminal number
Board
RTD1
X6.2
X6.2:11, X6.2:12
RTD1_6_AO1
+ mA-
11 12
X6.2:13, X6.2:14
RTD1_6_AO2
+ mA-
13 14
X6.2:15, X6.2:16
RTD1_6_AO3
+ mA-
15 16
X6.2:17, X6.2:18
RTD1_6_AO4
+ mA-
17 18
RTD1X6.2b.fh8
11.2.5.2.
RTD1X6.2b
Further information:
127
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Configuration Guideline
11.3.
Functionality
11.3.1.
Order number RET54 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (for example RET543AC240AAAA)
11.3.2.
Application function blocks used The lists below represent the full set of function blocks, but the selected functionality level (indicated by a letter in the order number, for example RET543AC240AAAA) determines the function blocks available for the configuration. Protection DEF2Low DEF2High DEF2Inst Diff6T DOC6Low DOC6High DOC6Inst Freq1St1 Freq1St2 Freq1St3
Freq1St4 Freq1St5 FuseFail Inrush3 NEF1Low NEF1High NEF1Inst NOC3Low NOC3LowB NOC3High
NOC3Inst NPS3Low NPS3High OE1Low OE1High OV3Low OV3High PSV3St1 PSV3St2 REF1A
REF4A REF4B ROV1Low ROV1High ROV1Inst TOL3Dev UI6Low UI6High UV3Low UV3High
MEAI7 MEAI8 MEAO1 MEAO2 MEAO3 MEAO4
MECU1A MECU1B MECU3A MECU3B MEDREC16 MEFR1
MEPE7 MEVO1A MEVO1B MEVO3A MEVO3B
COIND1 COIND2 COIND3 COIND4 COIND5 COIND6 COIND7 COIND8 COLOCAT COLTC
COSW1 COSW2 COSW3 COSW4 MMIALAR1 MMIALAR2 MMIALAR3 MMIALAR4 MMIALAR5 MMIALAR6
MMIALAR7 MMIALAR8 MMIDATA1 MMIDATA2 MMIDATA3 MMIDATA4 MMIDATA5
Measurement MEAI1 MEAI2 MEAI3 MEAI4 MEAI5 MEAI6
Control COCB1 COCB2 COCBDIR CO3DC1 CO3DC2 CODC1 CODC2 CODC3 CODC4 CODC5
128
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Configuration Guideline
Condition monitoring CMBWEAR1 CMBWEAR2 CMCU3 CMGAS1 CMGAS3 CMSCHED CMSPRC1
CMTCS1 CMTCS2 CMTIME1 CMTIME2 CMTRAV1 CMVO3
Communication EVENT230
General INDRESET MMIWAKE SWGRP1 SWGRP2 SWGRP3 SWGRP4
11.3.3.
SWGRP5 SWGRP6 SWGRP7 SWGRP8 SWGRP9 SWGRP10
SWGRP11 SWGRP12 SWGRP13 SWGRP14 SWGRP15 SWGRP16
SWGRP17 SWGRP18 SWGRP19 SWGRP20
Communication
Protocol used:
Port X3.2 Modbus DNP 3.0 IEC 60870-5-103 SPA
Port X3.3 LON SPA
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Configuration Guideline
11.4.
Relay MIMIC configuration
11.4.1.
Illustration of the system, MIMIC diagram
Q1 Q0 0.0A 0POS
Q4 AVR AUT Q9
Symbol used
0.0A 0 . 0 kW 0 . 0 A Io
closed
Disconnector: (truck symbols)
Circuit breaker:
Earth switch:
Further information:
130
PAR ON
open
undef. 0 0
undef. 1 1
1MRS750745-MUM
Protection & Control Terminals
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Configuration Guideline
11.4.2.
Alarm LEDs Please fill in the table below to describe the legend text used as well as the flashing sequence and colour of the LEDs.
Table 11.4.2-1 Descriptions for legend texts and LEDs LED OFF state
ON state Flashing Text seq. (max. 16 characters)
Colour
Flashing seq.
off green yellow red latched, blinking latched, steady non-latched, blinking
Colour
off green yellow red latched, blinking latched, steady non-latched, blinking
Text (max. 16 characters)
1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Interlocking _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
X
X
Control test mode _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
X X
Further information:
131
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1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
11.5.
Functionality logic Please specify the required special PLC logic functionality (see the examples below), by drawing or otherwise, on separate sheets and enclose all additional information with this document (Specification for Transformer Terminal Configuration). Example 1: Earthing sequence Earthing of the outgoing feeder can be done by a circuit breaker when an earthing sequence is activated, an earthing switch is earthed and no voltage is measured. If all conditions are fulfilled, the circuit breaker can be closed after 1 second. The figure below shows the implementation of the desired logic.
Earthing
Example 2: Usage of the F-key and a software switch
F key
132
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Configuration Guideline
Example 3: Voltage measurement in the MIMIC view Phase-to-phase voltage must be shown in voltages [V] in the MIMIC view.
Voltage
11.6.
Transformer terminal settings Responsibility: The end user defines the machine terminal settings Machine terminal settings according to the turn-key principle The setting of the parameters is not part of the configuration. The end user will normally be responsible for the setting parameters.
Further information:
133
134
1MRS750745-MUM
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Protection & Control Terminals Configuration Guideline
12.
APPENDIX E: Specification for REC 523 Remote Monitoring and Control Unit configuration
12.1.
General data Project name:
Date:
This specification suitable for bays:
Substation name:
Monitoring and control unit type:
Software revision
Order number: REC523 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (for
example REC523F 033AAA)
Handled by:
Company:
Telephone number:
Fax number:
This document serves as a technical specification of remote monitoring and control of secondary substations in medium-voltage networks and is used for the configuration of REC 523 remote monitoring and control units. Special requirements can be specified under “Further information” at the bottom of each page.
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Configuration Guideline
12.2.
Electrotechnical data
12.2.1.
Analog inputs Table 12.2.-1 Analog input channel connections Channel 1 2...4 5, 7...9 6 10
Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analog measuring channels Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider, or general measurement Voltage transfomer,current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Voltage transformer or general measururement Voltage transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement
Further information:
136
Protection & Control Terminals
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Configuration Guideline
Board
MIM (032 _AA, 037 _AA)
X1.1
RecMim1
Module type
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Terminal number
Connected object
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
Signal type
RecMim1 Module type
Board
MIM (033 _AA, 038 _AA)
X1.1 27 25 24 22 21 19
Terminal number
Connected object
100V
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT3
100V
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:24
VT2
100V
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:21
VT1
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
Signal type
18 16 15
RecMim2
1MRS750745-MUM
13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
RecMim2
Further information:
137
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1MRS750745-MUM
Configuration Guideline
Module type
Board
MIM (034 _AA, 039 _AA)
X1.1 27 25 24 22 21 19
Terminal number
Connected object
230V
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT3
230V
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:24
VT2
230V
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:21
VT1
Ch 5
X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12
CT4
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
Signal type
18
RecMim3
16 15 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1A 5A
RecMim3 Module type
Board
MIM (061 _AA, 066 _AA)
X1.1 27 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 13
RecMim4
12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Terminal number
Connected object
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT3
1A 5A
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:23, X1.1:24
CT6
1A 5A
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:20, X1.1:21
CT5
1A 5A
Ch 7
X1.1:16, X1.1:17, X1.1:18
CT4
100V
Ch 6
X1.1:13, X1.1:15
VT2
100V
100V
Ch 5
X1.1:10, X1.1:12
VT1
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
Signal type
RecMim4
Further information:
138
Protection & Control Terminals
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Configuration Guideline
Module type
Board
MIM (062 _AA, 067 _AA)
X1.1 27 25 24 22 21 19 18 16 15 13 12
RecMim5
1MRS750745-MUM
Terminal number
Connected object
100V
Ch 10
X1.1:25, X1.1:27
VT6
100V
Ch 9
X1.1:22, X1.1:24
VT5
100V
Ch 8
X1.1:19, X1.1:21
VT4
100V
Ch 7
X1.1:16, X1.1:18
VT3
100V
Ch 6
X1.1:13, X1.1:15
VT2
100V
Ch 5
X1.1:10, X1.1:12
VT1
1A 5A
Ch 4
X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9
CT3
1A 5A
Ch 3
X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6
CT2
1A 5A
Ch 2
X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3
CT1
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Signal type
RecMim5
Module type
Board
MIM (054_AA, 059_AA
X1.1 27
25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 13 12
Connected object
100V
Ch 10
X1.1:25 X1.1:27
VT4
100V
Ch 9
X1.1:22 X1.1:24
VT3
100V
Ch 8
X1.1:19 X1.1:21
VT2
Ch 7
X1.1:16 X1.1:18
VT1
Ch 6
X1.1:13 X1.1:14 X1.1:15
CT5
Ch 5
X1.1:10 X1.1:12
CT4
Ch 4
X1.1:7 X1.1:8 X1.1:9
CT3
Ch 3
X1.1:4 X1.1:5 X1.1:6
CT2
Ch 2
X1.1:1 X1.1:2 X1.1:3
CT1
100V 0,2A 1A
1A 5A
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Terminal number
1A 5A
1A 5A
1A 5A
Signal type
A050027
Further information:
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Configuration Guideline
Module type
Board
SIM
X2.1
Terminal number
DIFF
X2.2 DIFF
X2.3 DIFF
X2.4 DIFF
X2.5 DIFF
X2.6 DIFF
X2.7 DIFF
SIMX2.fh8
X2.8 DIFF
X2.9 DIFF
Ch 10, sensor
X2.1
Ch 9, sensor
X2.2
Ch 8, sensor
X2.3
Ch 7, sensor
X2.4
Ch 5, sensor
X2.5
Ch 4, sensor
X2.6
Ch 3, sensor
X2.7
Ch 2, sensor
X2.8
Ch 1, sensor
X2.9
Connected object
Signal type
Simx2
The measuring device can be connected exclusively to the analog channels of either MIM or SIM type modules.
Further information:
12.2.1.
System frequency
50 Hz
140
60 Hz
1MRS750745-MUM
REF 54_, REM 54_, RET 54_, REC 523
Protection & Control Terminals Configuration Guideline
Digital inputs Module type
Board
PSC
Terminal number
Connected object
PSCX7.3.fh8
X7.3 1 2
PSC_7_BI1
X4.2:1, X4.2:2
1)
3 4
PSC_7_BI2
X4.2:4, X4.2:5
1)
5 6
PSC_7_BI3
X4.2:6, X4.2:7
1)
1) Digital input / counter input
PSCX7.3 Module type
Board
BIO1
X3.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 BIO1X3.1.fh8
16
Terminal number
BIO1_3_BI1
X3.1:1, X3.1:2
BIO1_3_BI2
X3.1:2, X3.1:3
BIO1_3_BI3
X3.1:4, X3.1:5
BIO1_3_BI4
X3.1:5, X3.1:6
BIO1_3_BI5
X3.1:7, X3.1:8
BIO1_3_BI6
X3.1:8, X3.1:9
BIO1_3_BI7
X3.1:10, X3.1:11
BIO1_3_BI8
X3.1:11, X3.1:12
BIO1_3_BI9
X3.1:13, X3.1:14
BIO1_3_BI10
X3.1:15, X3.1:16
BIO1_3_BI11
X3.1:17, X3.1:18
Connected object
17 18
BIO1X3.1 Module type
Board
BIO1
X3.2 BIO1X3.2.fh8
12.2.2.
1 2
Terminal number
BIO1_3_BI12
Connected object
X3.2:1, X3.2:2
BIO1X3.2
Further information:
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Configuration Guideline
12.2.3.
Digital outputs Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
PSC
X7.3 8 PSC_7_SO1 or Heater Output X7.3:11, X7.3:12, X7.3:13, X7.3:14 P S C _ 7 _ H S P O 1
9 11 12 14 13
X7.3:15, X7.3:16, X7.3:17, X7.3:18 P S C _ 7 _ H S P O 2
PSCX7.3o.fh8
15 16 18 17
PSCX7.3o Module type Connected object
Terminal number
Board
BIO1
X3.2 3 X3.2:3, X3.2:4
BIO1_3_SO1
4 5
X3.2:5, X3.2:6
BIO1_3_SO2
6 7 9
X3.2:7, X3.2:8, X3.2:9
BIO1_3_SO3
X3.2:10, X3.2:11, X3.2:12
BIO1_3_SO4
X3.2:13, X3.2:14, X3.2:15
BIO1_3_SO5
X3.2:16, X3.2:17, X3.2:18
BIO1_3_SO6
8 10 12 11 13 15
16 18 17
BIO1X3.2o.fh8
14
BIO1X3.2o
Further information:
142
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Configuration Guideline
12.3.
Functionality
12.3.1.
Order number REC523 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (for example REC523F033AAA)
12.3.2.
Application function blocks used Measurement MEAI1 MEAI2 MEAI3 MEAI4 MEAI5
MEAI6 MEAI7 MEAI8 MECU1A MECU1B
MECU3A MECU3B MEDREC16 MEFR1 MEPE7
MEVO1A MEVO1B MEVO3A MEVO3B
DEF2High DOC6Low DOC6High
Inrush3 NEF1Low NEF1High
NOC3Low NOC3High UV3Low UV3High
CODC2 CODC3 CODC4 CODC5 COIND1
COIND2 COIND3 COIND4 COIND5 COIND6
COIND7 COIND8 COLOCAT COPFC
CMGAS1 CMSCHED CMSPRC1
CMTCS1 CMTCS2 CMTIME1
CMTIME2 CMTRAV1 CMVO3
Fault indication AR5Func CUB3Low DEF2Low
Control COCB1 COCB2 CO3DC1 CO3DC2 CODC1
Condition monitoring CMBWEAR1 CMBWEAR2 CMCU3
Communication EVENT230
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Configuration Guideline
General INDRESET SWGRP1 SWGRP2 SWGRP3 SWGRP4 SWGRP5
12.3.3.
SWGRP18 SWGRP19 SWGRP20
LON IEC 60870-5-101 Modbus
SPA DNP 3.0
Virtual channels Virtual meas.
12.5.
SWGRP12 SWGRP13 SWGRP14 SWGRP15 SWGRP16 SWGRP17
Communication Protocol used:
12.4.
SWGRP6 SWGRP7 SWGRP8 SWGRP9 SWGRP10 SWGRP11
Channel number
Analog meas. 1
Channel number
Analog meas. 2
Channel number
Analog meas. 3
I0s
IL1
IL2
IL3
I0bs
IL1b
IL2b
IL3b
U0s
U1
U2
U3
U12s
U1
U2
U23s
U2
U3
U31s
U1
U3
Channel number
LED configuration The optional LED panel of REC 523 includes 21 LEDs that can be freely configured with the Relay Configuration Tool (for an example configuration, see Fig. 12.5.-1 below). Each LED has four states: on (steady), off, fast blinking (2 Hz) and slow blinking (0.5Hz). Please specify the desired LED configuration in Table 12.5.-1 below.
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Leds 1-8 in REC 523 Led panel BOOL2INT_1 PSC_7_LED1_8 BOOL2INT PSC_7_ACFail
B0
FALSE
B1
PSC_7_BattTest
Fast blink = AC Fail occurred
Led 2:
On = Battery Test running
Led 3:
On = Battery Poor Off = Battery Good
Led 4:
OFF = BI1&BI2 OFF Slow blink = BI1 OFF&BI2 ON Fast blink = BI1 ON&BI2 OFF ON = BI1&BI2 ON
B9
Led 5:
On = Heater on
B10
Led 6:
On = Temp. limit exceeded
Led 7:
On = BI3 OFF Fast blink = BI3 ON
Led 8:
Slow blink = BI1 OFF Fast blink = BI1 ON
B2
PSC_7_BattStatus
B4 B5
BIO1_3_BI1
B6
BIO1_3_BI2
B7
PSC_7_HeatStat
Q
Led 1:
B3
B8
PSC_7_TempAlarm
B11 BIO1_3_BI3
B12
FALSE
B13
PSC_7_Bl1
B14 B15 NOT
A050012
Fig. 12.5.-1 Example of the LED configuration for REC 523
Slow blink
Fast blink
LED no
Off
Table 12.5.-1 Specification for the LED configuration On (steady)
1MRS750745-MUM
Purpose
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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Configuration Guideline
Slow blink
Fast blink
Off
LED no
On (steady)
Table 12.5.-1 Specification for the LED configuration (Continued)
Purpose
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
12.6.
Remote monitoring and control unit settings Responsibility: The end user defines the remote monitoring and control unit settings Remote monitoring and control unit settings according to the turn-key principle The setting of the parameters is not part of the configuration. The end user will normally be responsible for the setting parameters.
Further information:
146
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Configuration Guideline
13.
APPENDIX F: Power quality application guide for harmonics
13.1.
Power quality and harmonics Power quality is a topic that defines the limits for delivered electricity in power network. The key issue is to define acceptable variation limits to ensure that endcustomers are able to utilise the delivered power. Power quality is ultimately a customer-driven issue. Excellent power without interruptions is the ultimate target. Today this target has not been reached. There are many kind of disturbances in the network affecting power quality. Interruptions and other disturbances weaken the utilisation of delivered power in end-customer facilities. If these disturbances have noticeable effects on the utilisation of power, disturbances should be blocked out or the system should be made immune to these disturbances. Before taking action to reduce the effects of disturbances, the reason and source of the disturbance should be found. Only after that can reasonable solutions be weighted against costs and benefits. Harmonics, that is, distortion in the voltage and current waveforms, are one of the factors affecting power quality. Harmonic distortion is caused by non-linear loads that are, for example, electronic power supplies, converters, arc furnaces and arc welders. Harmonics may cause maloperation of devices, additional heating in devices and telecommunication interference. The importance of harmonics is emphasized by the fact that the amount of equipment generating harmonics constantly increases. Still, it should be noticed that the existence of harmonics is not automatically a problem.
13.2.
Background for harmonics A periodic distorted waveform can be expressed as a sum of sinusoids. The waveform can be represented as a sum of pure sine waves in which the frequency of each sinusoid is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. This multiple h is called a harmonic of the fundamental. Harmonics added to the fundamental frequency can be odd harmonics (the integer multiple h is 3,5,7...) or even harmonics (where h is 2,4,6...). In Fig. 13.2.-1 odd harmonics with the amplitude 0.1 p.u. of the fundamental are added to the fundamental frequency.
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Configuration Guideline
2)
3)
4)
Oddharm.CNV
1)
Fig. 13.2.-1 Odd harmonics added to the 1.0 p.u. fundamental frequency (50Hz) waveform are illustrated in the first picture. The second picture shows the fundamental frequency with 0.1 p.u. third harmonic. The third picture represents the fundamental frequency with the 0.1 p.u. third and 0.1 p.u. fifth harmonics. In the last picture, the 0.1 p.u. seventh harmonic is added to the fundamental frequency with the third and fifth harmonics. The relationship for current and voltage harmonics is shown in Fig. 13.2.-2. Pure Sinusoid
Distorted voltage Voltage drop
Voltdist.CNV
Distorted load current
Fig. 13.2.-2 Voltage distortion in power system
148
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Configuration Guideline
Voltage sources, that is, generation plants do not generally generate harmonics. Harmonics are created because of power system non-linearity. Non-linear components and loads cause distorted currents because of their operational principles. Distorted currents flow through system impedance causing a voltage drop for each harmonic. This results in voltage harmonics appearing at the load bus. The created voltage distortion can be calculated if current harmonics as well as system frequency response are known. In most cases the system frequency response is very difficult to determine. Power system is a very large system that contains many non-linear components. This makes it difficult to precisely predict the effects of harmonics in different parts of the power system.
13.3.
Harmonic sources The most important harmonic sources are basically converters and power supplies for numerous electrical equipment. This equipment is a source for harmonics, and at the same time, its operation principles may be very sensitive to harmonics, especially to voltage harmonics. Still, some devices can be designed to decrease their characteristic harmonics.
Single-phase power supplies A major harmonic concern in commercial buildings is that power supplies for single-phase electronic equipment will produce too much distortion for the wiring. Direct current power for modern electronic and microprocessor-based office equipment is commonly derived from single-phase full-wave diode bridge rectifiers. Modern technology for single-phase power supplies is based on switch-mode. A distinctive characteristic of switch-mode power supplies is the very high thirdharmonic content in the current. Other characteristic harmonics are the 5th and 7th harmonics. Switch-mode power supplies are beginning to find applications in fluorescent lighting systems. Typical current harmonics and the waveform for a switch-mode power supply are shown in Fig. 13.3.1.-1. 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1
2
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13.3.1.
Fig. 13.3.1.-1 Typical current harmonics and the waveform for a switch-mode power supply
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13.3.2.
Three-phase power converters Three-phase electronic power converters differ from single-phase converters mainly because they do not generate the third harmonic or the third harmonic is quite small. There are many designs and types of converters for AC or DC drives with different power ratings. Harmonics may vary significantly between designs and operation conditions. Still, some examples are given below.
Six-pulse and twelve-pulse converters Harmonic components of the AC current waveform with q-pulse rectifier are:
h = kq ± 1 and the magnitudes of the harmonic currents are:
I1 I h = --h where h k q Ih I1
the harmonic order any positive integer the pulse number of the rectifier circuit the amplitude of the harmonic current of order h the amplitude of the fundamental current
The most significant harmonics for six-pulse converters are the 5th, 7th, 11th and 13th. For twelve-pulse converters, the 11th, 13th, 23rd and 25th harmonics are the most significant.
PWM-type ASD Typical current harmonics and the waveform for a Pulse Width Modulation-type Adjustable Speed Drive with rated speed are shown in Fig. 13.3.2.-1 . 1.2
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1
2
3
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5
6
7
8
9
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11
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Harmonic
Fig. 13.3.2.-1 Current harmonics and the waveform for a PWM-type ASD
CSI-type ASD Typical current harmonics and the waveform for a Current Source Inverter-type Adjustable Speed Drive are shown in Fig. 13.3.2.-2.
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1.2
0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1
2
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5
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8
9
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11
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Fig. 13.3.2.-2 Current harmonics and the waveform for a CSI-type ASD
Cycloconverter harmonics The expressions of cycloconverter current harmonics are complex. They vary as a function of the frequency ratio of the cycloconverter:
fh
= f i ( kq
± 1 ) ± 6nf o
where fh fi k, n q fo
the harmonic frequency imposed on the AC system the input frequency of the cycloconverter integers the pulse number of the converter the output frequency of the cycloconverter
This means that harmonics may vary significantly and interharmonics (non-integer multiple of fundamental frequency) may also appear. Characteristic harmonics for a six-pulse cycloconverter are harmonics from fundamental to 2nd, 5th to 7th, and 11th to 13th.
13.3.3.
Other harmonic sources There are many other harmonic sources in addition to converters and power supplies. These sources are mainly arching devices like arc furnaces and welding equipment.
Arc furnaces The harmonics produced by electric arc furnaces used for the production of steel are unpredictable. The steel scrap to be molten is a very non-linear load and thus the melting arc changes constantly. The arc current may be non-periodic and may include both harmonics and interharmonics. Still, in most applications, the loworder harmonics starting with the second and ending with the seventh predominate the non-integer harmonics. Fig. 13.3.3.-1 presents typical harmonics for an arc furnace during the initial melting period and the refining period. These harmonics have quite a low percentage magnitude compared to the fundamental component. Arc furnaces form a large load with fundamental currents of several kA, which makes arc furnaces a significant harmonic source for the power system.
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0.1
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0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 2
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0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 2
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Fig. 13.3.3.-1 Typical harmonics for arc furnaces. The first picture is for the melting phase and the second for the refining phase. Other arching devices similar to arc furnaces are arc welding equipment.
Saturable devices Equipment in this class includes transformers and other electromagnetic devices with a steel core, including motors. Harmonics are generated due to the non-linear magnetising characteristics of the steel. Harmonics are due to exciting current, which is very rich in harmonics like the 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th. Transformers are not as much a concern as electronic power converters because exciting current is small compared to the rated full load current. However, their effect will be noticeable particularly on utility distribution systems that have hundreds of transformers. A significant increase in triplen harmonic currents is often noticed during the early morning hours when the load is low and thus the percentage of harmonics compared to the fundamental is high. Motors and synchronous generators also exhibit some distortion, although it is generally of little consequence.
13.4.
System response characteristics The effect of one or more harmonic sources on a power system will depend primarily on the frequency response characteristics. The non-linear components described in Section 13.3. Harmonic sources can be represented generally as current sources for harmonics. Harmonic currents flow through impedance causing harmonic voltages. Some basic rules for the harmonic current flow are given in this section.
Flow of harmonic currents Harmonic currents tend to flow from the non-linear loads (harmonic sources) towards the lowest impedance, usually the utility source. This was shown in Fig. 13.2.-2. However, other connected loads provide an alternative path for harmonic currents. The flow path to be chosen will depend on impedance ratios. This may result in a situation where a neighbouring load includes harmonics although there are no harmonic sources in this load branch. Harmonics generated by other load branches will flow to this branch. This is shown in Fig. 13.4.-1.
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iharmonic Xtrafo
RL
RL
RL
Harmpow.CNV
Xsystem
XC
Fig. 13.4.-1 Spreading of harmonic currents in the power system
Transformers Transformers essentially isolate the load at higher harmonic frequencies. High-order harmonics are not passed through transformers. Another effect of the transformers is the isolation of triplen harmonics due to the transformer winding design. Triplen harmonics tend to stay trapped into the delta connection and do not show up in the line currents in the delta side. Some examples for the third harmonic current flow in transformers are shown in Fig. 13.4.-2.
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Fig. 13.4.-2 Third harmonic flow in a wye-delta-connected transformer and in a wye-wye-connected transformer These rules about triplen harmonic current in transformers only apply to balanced loading conditions. When the phases are not balanced, the triplen harmonics may as well show up where they are not expected. Fig. 13.4.-2 also shows the nature of the third harmonic and neutral line. Third harmonics in line conductors tend to be in phase with each other. This means that as currents summarise in neutral connection, the third harmonic in neutral line is three times the third harmonic in the line conductor. This may result in a too high current flowing in the neutral conductor.
Capacitors Capacitor banks used for voltage control and power factor correction are the major components that affect the system frequency response characteristics. Capacitors can chance the system response to harmonics by creating high impedance or, on the other hand, low impedance for harmonic currents at some frequencies. This means that although capacitors are not harmonic sources, they may cause severe harmonic distortion. On the other hand, capacitors can be used for creating paths with the 153
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lowest impedance for harmonics and applied to filtering of harmonics. The connection of capacitors may cause resonance conditions that may magnify harmonic levels.
13.5.
Effects of harmonics The main effects of voltage and current harmonics within the power system are: • Amplification of harmonic levels resulting from series and parallel resonance • Reduction of efficiency in power generation, transmission and utilisation • Ageing of the insulation of electrical plant components and thus shortening of their useful life • Equipment maloperation
Resonances and capacitors The presence of capacitors may result in local resonances. Resonance conditions may lead to excessive harmonic currents and voltages which increase heating and voltage stress in capacitors. Another area where resonance effects may lead to component failure is associated with the power line signalling (ripple control) for load management. In such systems, tuned stoppers (filters) are often used to prevent the signalling frequency from being absorbed in low impedance elements, such as power factor correction capacitors. Where local resonance exists, excessive harmonic currents can flow, resulting in damage to the tuning capacitors.
Rotating machines A major effect of harmonic voltages and currents in rotating machinery (induction and synchronous) is increased heating due to iron and copper losses. Harmonic pairs, such as the fifth and seventh harmonics, have the potential for creating mechanical oscillations in a turbine-generator or in a motor-load system. Then highstress mechanical forces may be developed. A pulsating output torque may affect the product quality where motor loads are sensitive to torque variations.
Transformers With the exception that harmonics applied to transformers may result in increased audible noise, the effects of harmonics on these components usually arise from additional heating. Current harmonics cause an increase in copper losses and stray flux losses. Voltage harmonics cause an increase in iron losses and stress the insulation. Additional heating may result in overheating with less than rated load. Accelerated ageing of transformers is also possible.
Electronic equipment Power electronic equipment is susceptible to misoperation caused by harmonic distortion. This equipment is often dependent upon accurate determination of voltage zero crossing or other aspects of voltage wave shape. Other types of electronic equipment may be affected by the transmission of ac supply harmonics through the equipment power supply or by the magnetic coupling of harmonics into equipment components. Computers and allied equipment, such as programmable controllers, may suffer from erratic data or malfunctions. Malfunctions may in some
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cases have serious consequences, for example in medical equipment. Less dramatic interference may occasionally be observed in radio and television equipment, as well as in video recorders and audio reproduction systems.
Metering Metering instruments initially calibrated on pure sinusoidal alternating current and subsequently used on a distorted electricity supply may be prone to error. Both positive and negative metering errors are possible because error is connected to the direction of the harmonic flow. In general, the distortion must be severe (>20%) before significant errors are detected.
Telephone interference The presence of harmonic currents or voltages in circuitry associated with power conversion apparatus may produce magnetic and electric fields that will impair the satisfactory performance of the communication system that, by virtue of its proximity and susceptibility, may be disturbed.
13.6.
Applications for harmonic measurements Harmonics measurement function blocks can be utilised in applications like monitoring power quality affected by harmonics, monitoring harmonics in selected points of the network and locating sources of harmonics.
13.6.1.
Power quality and harmonics There are several standards and recommendations for acceptable levels of harmonics in power system. Recommendations for both voltage and current harmonics can be found for distributed electricity. European Standard EN 50160 and IEEE Std 1159-1995 are well known references for power quality. Harmonic measurements can be utilised in several ways in the network. Here a utility 110/20 kV substation is taken as an example. The substation is shown in Fig. 13.6.1.-1 with measurement points for currents and voltages on 20 kV side. There are three feeders connected to busbar. Feeders have different types of loads connected. Load A is generating harmonic currents and load B is a simple motor or resistive load. In addition, there is a capacitor unit connected to the busbar for reactive power compensation. This unit could also include load.
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110 kV
Trafo 110/20 kV
Voltage measurement
Current measurement
20 kV
Current meas.
Current meas.
Current meas.
Load A Harmonic source
Load B
Compensation
Loads.CNV
M 3~
Fig. 13.6.1.-1 110/20 kV substation with different types of loads connected to the feeders Power quality affected by harmonics at the substation can be measured in the incoming feeder for both voltage harmonics and current harmonics. If individual feeders are monitored, it should be noticed that measuring the current harmonics from each feeder is enough. The 20 kV bus voltage is common for all of the feeders. Measuring the voltage harmonics from all the feeders results in unnecessary information. Most of the time only the most important feeders (for example harmonic sources) are monitored.
13.6.2.
Harmonic monitoring with individual loads and devices Harmonic measurement function blocks can be applied to monitor harmonic levels on different types of loads and devices. There are several standards for acceptable harmonic levels with different devices. Recommendations are also given by equipment manufacturers. Still, it should be noticed that “harmonic protection” with PQVO3H and PQCU3H is not applicable. These function blocks have a long measurement delay to update values (minimum 600 ms). Another feature is that all kinds of spikes and other rapid changes in measured signals are filtered off from output values. Measurement of interharmonics is not possible. Some general recommendations for acceptable harmonic levels are the following: 1. Transformers • Current distortion should not exceed 5 percent 2. Motors • Heat problems begin when voltage distortion reaches approximately 8 percent (motor unit without drive, harmonics in drive input may be considerably higher as shown in Section 13.3. Harmonic sources)
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3. Capacitors • Voltage limit to 120 percent of peak voltage (with harmonics) -> sum of individual voltage harmonics
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