Raymond

PROJECT REPORT ON

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BANKING & INSURANCE) 2008-11

PROJECT GUIDE: MS. POONAM CHAWLA

SUBMITTED BY: HASHEEN ARORA R.No – 0331471808 BBA(B&I) 3rd SEM

Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management Studies (Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi PSP Area, Plot No. 1, Sector 22, Rohini Delhi 110086)

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Project Report on ‘Micro Analysis of Raymond Group’ Table of Contents:Student Declaration……………………………………………………………………… (i) Certificate from Guide…………………………………………………………………… (ii) Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………………….. (iii) Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………….... (iv) 1.

Chapter-1-Overview of textile industries

2.

(a) Industrial Structure…………………………………………………………………… (b) Major Players.……………………………………………………………………….

2. Chapter-2-Company Profile (a) About Raymond Group……………………..…………………………….. (b) Group Companies of Raymond…………..……………………………….. (c) Joint Ventures……………………………………………………………... (d) Different Brands…..……………………………………………………..... (e) Manufacturing Process…………………………………………………….. (f) Designing Department..…………………………………………………… (g) Research & Development…….…………………………………………... (h) Financial Report………………………………………………………….. 3. Chaper-3-Purpose and Research Methodology (a) Research Methodology.……………………………………………….. (b) Purpose of Study……………………………………………………… 4. Chapter-4-Findings and Analysis (a) SWOT Analysis.………………………………………………………… (b) Findings………………………………………………………………….. 5. Chapter-5-Conclusions……………………………………………………. BIBLOGRAPHY ………………………………………………………………………………..

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STUDENT UNDERTAKING

This is to certify that I have completed the Project titled MICRO ANALYSIS OF RAYMOND GROUP in under the guidance of Ms. Poonam Chawla in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of degree of

Bachelor of Business Administration at

Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management Studies, Delhi. This is an original piece of work & I have not submitted it earlier elsewhere.

Name of the Student Hasheen Arora BBA(B&I) 3RD SEM

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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project titled “MICRO ANALYSIS OF THE RAYMOND GROUP” is an academic work done by HASHEEN ARORA submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor Of Business Administration from Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management Studies, Delhi, under my guidance & direction. To the best of my knowledge and belief the data & information presented by him/her in the project has not been submitted earlier.

Name of the Faculty Guide Ms. Poonam Chawla

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

My project would be incomplete if at this juncture, I did not Acknowledge those who steered my project work in the right direction. First of all I would like to thanks Ms. Poonam Chawla (faculty, MAIMS) as she proved to be constant source of inspiration and provided timely support at crucial stages of this project work despite the time and work constraints. The feeling of gratitude when expressed in words is only a fraction of acknowledgement. I feel overwhelmed to express my gratitude to all those who extended their consistent support, guidance and encouragement to complete this task. Last but not the least I would like to thanks Dr. N.K. Kakkar (Director General, MAIMS), for providing me with all the help and advice to me in completing my project.

HASHEEN ARORA MAIMS BBA (B&I), 3rd Semester Enrollment No. – 0331471808

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I hereby accept the opportunity to study and work on Raymond Limited, its corporate objectives and its financial statement. I feel obliged, as this will be a great learning experience as to how to prepare research reports. Since the research report allotted is a major project report, so the study is done on the data collected from secondary resources, and thus it is based on exploratory research methods and will thus help to generate a new insight into the problem. This research will also help to learn and prepare better projects and execute more effective researches in the near future. For the purpose of analyzing the data collected for this project, the report has been divided into the following parts:-

Chapter 1 which covers the overview of textile and apparel industry India and the major players in this industry. Chapter 2 which covers brief introduction of the Raymond group,i.e, the company profile followed by the group companies of Raymond, joint ventures, different leading brands, manufacturing process and the financial report of the company. Chapter 3 dealing with the research methodology and the research objective Chapter 4 which includes the swot analysis and findings and suggestions. Chapter 5 which covers conclusion of topics discussed, recommendations and bibliography.

This is how the following project research has been executed.

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CHAPTER-1

OVERVIEW OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY

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INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE Textiles is the largest single industry in India accounting for about 20 per cent of the total industrial production. It provides direct employment to around 35 million people. Textile and clothing exports account for about 31.1 per cent of the total value of exports from the country and 19 per cent of the total share of exports. There are 1,850 textile mills with a spinning capacity of about 37 million spindles. While yarn is mostly produced in the organised mills, fabrics are produced in the decentralised power loom and handloom sectors as well. The Indian textile industry continues to be predominantly based on cotton, with about 65 per cent of raw materials consumed being cotton. Mill Sector There are 1850 mills in the country of which 284 are composite mills (where the whole cycle of production from yarn manufacture, to processing to fabric production takes place) and 1438 spinning mills. The installed capacity is 37 million spindles, 450,000 rotors and 1,40,000 looms. There are approximately 1200 medium and large scale textile units in the mill sector and 20 per cent of these mills are located in Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu). The De-Centralised Power loom Sector Decentralised power loom sector is characterised by mechanised production of fabrics but with no yarn production at the factory. The decentralised power loom sector plays an important role in meeting the clothing needs of the country by manufacturing varieties of cloth for the masses. It produces 68% of the total cloth production in the country, as against16% by the hosiery sector, 5% by the mills and 9% by the handloom sector. The fast growth of the power looms has been due to certain advantages which they have enjoyed, viz. low wages, low overheads, low requirement of working capital vis-à-vis the composite mills. There are approximately 165,0000 power looms operating. The concentration and distribution of power looms has not changed much over the years with Maharashtra, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu dominating the scene as in the past. About 75% of the looms operating in the country require modernisation. While 64% of these require modernisation from scratch, the remaining 36 per cent require modernisation to a lesser extent.

Handloom Sector 8

The handloom industry is the largest decentralised economic activity providing large-scale rural employment to nearly 12 million people. It is also the biggest cottage industry after agriculture. The handloom sector contributes more than 20 per cent of the country’s fabric requirement. The bulk consumption of the handloom sector is by the domestic market while about 15 per cent of the total production is exported presently in the form of fabrics and made-ups. The technology employed in the handloom industry is simple and environment friendly. The loom itself is operated solely by human metabolic energy and requires space of barely 10 sq metres. The 4 million handlooms scattered throughout the country involve the efforts of some 15 million men and women predominantly in the villages.

MAJOR PLAYERS Some of the major industrialists in textiles are the Mafatlals, the Wadias, the Piramals, Raymond Group, the Birlas, Lalbhai’s, Kasliwals and Parikhs. Some of the leading mills in India are Arvind Mills for denim in Ahmedabad, Lakshmi Mills in Coimbatore, Madura Coates and GTN Textiles. Mafatlals: The Arvind Mafatlal Group’s textiles and apparel business total about U.S. $ 90-100 million in annual sales. Its flagship company Mafatlal Industries Ltd., has international customers including Marks and Spencer, Philip Van Heusen, GAP, JC Penney, Klopman, Haam & Al Ghanemi among others and is one of the largest exporters of fabrics in the country. In the domestic market, it has a distribution network of 200 plus Mafatlal Family shops spread across the country. AMG also has garmenting facilities ( in a joint venture with Gruppo La Perla, Italy) and a joint venture with Burlington Industries, U.S. for a denim manufacturing facility in Navsari, Gujarat. Wadias: The Wadias own The Bombay Dyeing & Mfg. Co. Ltd., their flagship company, with 5 units covering spinning, weaving and processing, with production exceeding 300,000 meters of fabrics per day and a turnover of approximately U.S. $ 90 million. The company which pioneered the export of textiles in 1940 has a unique India-wide distribution network of over 550 exclusive franchised retail shops covering more than 300 towns. In fact, Bombay Dyeing is one of India’s foremost brands producing sheets, towels, furnishings, suitings, shirtings and is among the country’s foremost producers of cotton, synthetic fabrics and readymades. Piramals: The Morarjee Goculdas Spinning & Weaving Company Ltd. ( with a turnover of U.S. $ 60 million) is a Piramal group enterprise – part of the $ 400 million Piramal Enterprises Ltd. Morarjee has entered into a 50:50 joint venture with Manifattura di Valle Brembana Spa of Italy for manufacturing high count shirting fabrics. It also has a 50:50 joint venture with Manifattura Castiglioni Spa of Italy for marketing of home furnishing products . It has also entered into a technical collaboration with Ms/ AG Cilander of Switzerland for offering different types of finishes for its fine count voiles.

Raymond Ltd: With a capacity of 35 million meters in wool & wool-blended fabrics, Raymond commands over 60% market share in worsted suiting in India and ranks amongst the first three fully integrated 9

manufacturers of worsted suiting in the world. We are perhaps the only company in the world to have a diverse product range of nearly 20,000 design and colours of suiting fabric to suit every age, occasion and style. We export our products to over 55 countries including USA, Canada, Europe, Japan and the Middle East. Birlas: The Aditya Birla group which is India’s third largest industrial house has a major textiles operation, with its flagship company, Indian Rayons Ltd. producing a range of products from viscose filament yarn and flax yarns to worsted yarn and fire fighting hosepipes. In fact, the Aditya Birla group is the world’s largest producer of viscose staple fibre. It is also in the garments business with Madura Garments in India being a leader in the branded apparel market in India The Birla compay - Grasim Industries which has a turnover in excess of U.S. $ 100 million is also in the fibre business. In fabrics, the Birla group has two major brands namely, Grasim and Graviera suitings. The Aditya Birla group also has textiles mills overseas in Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia. The Lalbhais: The Arvind Mills Ltd. is the flagship company of the U.S. $ 550 million Lalbhai group. It is one of the top ten manufacturers of denim in the world. The group companies include Arvind Products Ltd., Arvind Worldwide (M) Inc, Mauritius, Arvind Worldwide Inc, U.S.A., Arvind Clothing Ltd. ( which has a collaboration with Cluett International Ltd. of the U.S.), Arvind Fashions Ltd. ( which has a tie-up with VF Corporation of the U.S.A), and Arvind Overseas (Mauritius) Ltd., Mauritius. Kasliwals: The S. Kumar Group of the Kasliwals with a turnover of approximately U.S. $ 200 million is in the business of blended suitings, home textiles, worseted fabrics and read to wear items. In the uniform and work wear segment, S. Kumars is the dominant brand in India. The group has a 100 per cent EOU in home textiles and manufactures polyester and wool blended and 100 per cent worsted fine and superfine fabrics.

Parikhs: The Ashima Group owned by C.N. Parikh with its flagship company, Ashima Ltd. is one of India’s leading 100 per cent cotton fabric manufacturers. The Ashima Group turnover is U.S. $ 153 million. It has a marketing arrangement with Cone of the U.S.A. With an annual capacity of 65 million metres of woven and circular knitted cotton fabrics and on account of its qualitative supremacy it commands a base of discerning customers in more than 45 countries around the world. Its products include denim, suiting, shirtings, interlining fabrics and circular knitted grey fabrics.

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CHAPTER-2

COMPANY PROFILE

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The Raymond Group was incorporated in 1925; and within a span of a few years, transformed from being an Indian textile major to being a global conglomerate. In our endeavor to keep nurturing quality and leadership, we always choose the path untrodden - from being the first in 1959 to introduce a polywool blend in India to creating the world's finest suiting fabric Today, the Raymond group is vertically and horizontally integrated to provide our customers total textile solutions. Few companies across the globe have such a diverse product range of nearly 12,000 varieties of worsted suiting to cater to customers across age groups, occasions and styles. We manufacture for the world, the finest fabrics- from wool to wool-blended worsted suiting to specialty ring denims as well as high value shirting. After making a mark in textiles, Raymond forayed into garmenting through highly successful ventures like Silver Spark Apparel Ltd. and Regency Texteis Portuguesa Lda (for fine Tailored Suits, Trousers and Jackets), EverBlue Apparel Ltd. (Jeanswear) and Celebrations Apparel Ltd. (Shirts). We also have some of the most highly respected apparel brands in our portfolio: Raymond, Manzoni, Park Avenue, ColorPlus, Parx, Be:, Zapp! and Notting Hill. With a 500 million US$ turnover, we are today one of the largest players in fabrics, designer wear, denim, cosmetics & toiletries, engineering files & tools, prophylactics and air charter services in national and international markets. All our plants are ISO certified, leveraging on cutting-edge technology that adheres to the highest quality parameters while also being environment friendly.

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GROUP COMPANIES OF RAYMONDS: * Raymond Ltd. Raymond Ltd. is among the largest integrated manufacturers of worsted fabrics in the world. * Raymond Apparel Ltd. Raymond Apparel Ltd. has in its folio, some of the most highly regarded apparel brands in India - Manzoni, Park Avenue, Color Plus, Parx, Be: and Zapp! and Notting Hill. * ColorPlus Fashions Ltd. ColorPlus is among the largest smart casual brands in the premium category. The company was acquired by Raymond to cater to the growing demand for a high end, casual wear brand in the country. * Silver Spark Apparel Ltd. A garmenting facility manufacturing formal suits, trousers and jackets. * Regency Texteis Portuguesa Lda A facility set-up in northern Portugal bordering Spain, in Caminha for the manufacturing suits, jackets and trousers. * EverBlue Apparel Ltd. A state-of-the-art denim garmenting facility. * Celebrations Apparel Ltd. A facility set-up for the manufacture of formal shirts. * J.K. Files & Tools A leading player in the engineering files & Tools segment and the largest producer of steel files in the world.

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OUR JOINT VENTURES * Raymond UCO Denim Pvt. Ltd. The manufacturers and marketers of denim fabrics. * Raymond Zambaiti Pvt. Ltd. A Greenfield facility manufacturing high value cotton shirting. * Raymond Fedora Pvt. Ltd. A plant set up to manufacture carded Woollen fabrics and blankets. * Gas Apparel Pvt. Ltd. Our Joint venture with Grotto S.p.A will launch the highly successful 'GAS' brand in India. * J.K. Ansell Ltd. The manufacturers and marketers of KamaSutra condoms and surgical gloves. * J.K. Talabot Ltd. Our Joint venture with MOB Outillage SA, manufacturing files and rasps for international markets. .

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With a 31 million meters capacity in wool & wool-blended Fabrics, Raymond commands an over 60% market share in worsted suiting in India and ranks amongst the first three fully integrated manufacturers of worsted suiting

in

the

world.

J.K. Files & Tools and Ring Plus Aqua Ltd. are the group companies that are engaged in the manufacture of precision engineering products such as steel files, cutting tools, hand tools, agri tools and auto Components.

Raymond Ltd. is one of the first Corporate Houses in India to launch Air Charter Services in India in 1996, and since then it has been always a way ahead for Raymond Aviation.

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DIFFERENT BRANDS A 100% subsidiary of Raymond Limited, Raymond Apparel Ltd. (RAL) ranks amongst India's largest and most respected apparel companies. We bring to our customers the best of fabric and style through some of the country's most prestigious brands- Raymond, Manzoni, Park Avenue, Color Plus, Parx, Be:, Zapp! And Notting Hill. The company's Design Studio in Thane is well-equipped with state-of-the-art facilities, which stimulate and nurture the creative energies of the Design Team. Their efforts are complimented by a research team, which keeps a close watch on international fashion forecasts and design trends. A Design Studio has also been set up in Italy recently, which has further enhanced our reputation in providing cutting edge design solutions of an international standard All our brands are available at exclusive brand stores, ‘The Raymond Shop’ retail outlets and multi-brand outlets across India and the Middle East

Manzoni offers discerning customers the finest in contemporary international style and luxury. * Super Premium & first home grown Entry level Luxury*

The

finest

2ply200s,cottton

shirt

launched by Manzoni for the first time in India.

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* The product range comprises Of super premium formalwear And sportswear

including Suits, shirts,

trousers and High quality accessories such As -Handcrafted silk ties, -Pure leather shoes crafted in Europe - leather belts

Launched in 1986, Park Avenue provides stylish and innovative wardrobe solutions to well-dressed gentlemen. As India’s premium lifestyle brand, its designs embody the latest in international fabric, styling, colour and fashion trends. We cater to customer needs with formal clothing for varied occasions; be it for a day at office, high-powered corporate meetings, family get-togethers or festive occasions. The shirts, trousers, suits and jackets need little care and therefore convenient to carry, while traveling.. * Leader in Men’s formal wear * Awarded Super Brand status in 2006 -07 * Most innovative brand of the year 2006-07 -Shirts made from Bamboo fiber for the first time in India BY Park Avenue in 2006. -Stain resistant suits for the first time in India by 2006.

Set up in 1993, Color Plus is one of India's leading casual wear brands. Our shirts, trousers, knits, survival gear and accessories have always met international quality standards. 17

Today, Color Plus is present in

over 180 locations in the South and West Asia through exclusive stores and select 'The Raymond Shop' outlets and is already in the process of expanding further. * India’s only super premium smart casual brand * Know for Innovation and creativity * Thermo-fused buttons, Golf ball wash, Soft jeans, Wrinkle free technology,

Stainfree fabric, cone dyed

technique.

Parx reflects the persona of the energetic 22-30 year old who is aggressive, outgoing, dynamic and lives his life to the fullest. Parx was launched in 1999 to cater to the smart and fashionable clothing segment. The brand affords a wide range of shirts, trousers, denims, polo’s and outerwear. * Leader in Smart semi formal wear * Nominated for -Best casual wear Brand 2006-07. -Best Advertising Campaign”

Be: offers a wide range of apparel and accessories for women across categories namely - Women’s Western wear, Women’s Ethnic wear, Lounge Wear and Club wear.

Be: brings a large collection of designer products to a large audience that is increasingly becoming aware of designer wear and dreams of possessing one. Affordability, Accessibility and Acceptability are the three attributes that characterise Be:

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Zapp! presents an exciting range of garments and accessories targeted at fashion conscious young adults between the age group of 4-12 years. From party wear to casual wear, kids can now choose a different style for each different occasion.To go with their clothes, kids can also shop for accessories such as footwear, bags, bed and bath linen. With our exciting clothes and accessories line complete with a unique and fun experience; we look forward to redefining the kidswear market in the country .

Notting Hill reflects style and manifests originality of today’s fashion-conscious and discerning young professionals at an affordable price. Notting Hill was launched in 2007 to cater to the popular price segment. Designed in-house, the brand collection features a spectrum of men’s lifestyle products comprising of suits, shirts, trousers, jeans, t-shirts. Notting Hill promises to be an instant hit with the young working professionals. . By the end of the first year Notting Hill would be made available across India with over 400 distribution points.

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MANUFACTURING PROCESS INDEX 1.

COMBING & TOP DYEING SECTION.

2.

SPINNING

3.

WEAVING

4.

FABRIC DYEING

5.

FINISHING

6.

DESIGNING DEPARTMENT

7.

FOLDING

8.

WARE HOUSE

9.

QUALITY CONTROL

10. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

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1: COMBING & TOP DYEING SECTION 1.1: WOOL PROCESING: The raw wool is imported from the countries like Australia, New Zealand etc. and for exotic blends; cashmere & camel hair is produced from India. All the fibres come in staple form of the lengths of 5 to 9 cm.

1.2: BALE OPENING:  Bale weight: approx. 200 KG.  Name of the machine: Wiling machine. The raw wool that is in the bale form is opened manually from the bales and is fed to the Willing machine. Here initial opening is done with the help of the beaters. Then the material is fed to the scouring machine that immediately follows this.

1.3: SCOURING:  Make of the machine: PETRIC MACNAUGHT LTD., ENGLAND. Raw wool contains natural grease from the animal, along with dirt, dust, burrs, and twigs, hay and

other bits

of vegetable matter. Before it can be made into cloth, it must be cleaned by a process of scouring. Long-tined rakes pull the wool through a series of long tanks filled with mild solution of soda ash or other alkali and warm, soapy water. The wool floats to the top, while the dirt sinks to the bottom. Between each tub, the wool is squeezed through rollers to remove grease, dirt and water. In between these tanks there are squeezing rollers unit which squeeze liquor. The total time for this machine is 15 min.  Grease content removed is 30% in the form of grease & short fibres.  The residual grease content in the fibres after this process is 0.2%-0.5%.  The moisture content in the fibres after this process is 12-15%.  Production: 350 Kg/hr.

1.3.1: DRYING: Wool is not allowed to become absolutely dry. Usually, about 12-16% of the moisture is left in the wool. Here heating coils are used and the total time taken by the process is 15 min.

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1.3.2OILING: The fibre is usually treated with 60% wool oil and 40% antistatic agent to keep it from becoming brittle and avoid any static generation during further processing & to lubricate for spinning operation.

CHECKLIST FOR WOOL WASHING PROCESS

1. Quantity of greasy wool in hopper must be full to get optimum output & obtain consistency in feeding. 2. Speed of inclined lattice should be optimum. 3. Gauge between inclined lattice & evener roller to be checked. 4. Level of liquid to be checked & maintained. 22

5. Temperature & Squeeze roller pressure to be checked & maintained. 6. Condition of squeezing roller lapping & to see that upper layers of 100 % wool 7. Flow back process should be kept in operation. 8. Main & auxiliary fork motion should be jerk less. 9. Liquid circulation should be checked. 10. Drying temperature should be checked. 11. Lattice speed to be checked. 12. Spraying of antistatic solution. 13. Blowing should be smooth. 14. Grease content to be checked.

1.3.4.DEFECTS OF WOOL WASHING

1. Yellowing of fibres. 2. Under scouring. 3. Felting. 4. Burring of fibre. 5. Improper drying. 6. Bad material handling.

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1.4 CARDING 1.4.1 GENERAL:-In the manufacture of worsted yarns, carding is essential process as most of cleaning takes place here.

1.4.2 Objectives:  Dividing the fibre tufts into smaller ones.  Partial stretching of the fibres and to orient them in the same direction.  To remove impurities such as burr, vegetable matter, dust, dirt (heavier than wool).  To enable blending of various fibres & evening it out.  Converting random bulk of fibres in to a rope like form called as sliver.

1.4.3 Defects:  Overlapping of material on doffer.  Sliver weight variation.  Thick & thin planes.  Cut web on doffer. Make of the machine: BREVETTO BIELLA, ITALY. Machine: THIBEAU CARDING 2200mm WORKING WIDTH FOR CARDING 2500mm WORKING WIDTH Total 7 carding machines are used each having production capacity of 60 Kg per hour. The waste removed is called ‘Noil’ which is used in the manufacturing of blankets. (This is sent to the JALGAON unit as a raw material).  The total waste removed: 1-1.5%.  Efficiency of the machine: 85%.  Production 600 Kg of wool & 720 Kg of polyester.

1.4.5 Quality Checks: It is important to have uniform & constant feeding viz. achieved by a. Volumetric feed mechanism. 24

b. Gravimetric feed mechanism. During carding, the card sliver should have 0.6-0.8% of grease content & 15-18% moisture content. Sliver wrapping is also checked after 2 hrs. Setting of machine is also done during every change.

1.5: GILLING: The carded wool, which is to be made into worsted yarn, is put through gilling operation.

1.5.1 Objectives:  To straighten the fibres and parallelise the fibres.  To remove the shorter staple fibres.  To blend the fibres.

1.5.2 Defects occurring in gilling:  Inadequate pressure in roller  Broken pins or improper density  Faulty fallers  Improper gilling Before combing tree passages of gill boxes are used. The density of the pins in the gill boxes goes on increasing with each passage from 3 pins/cm to 24 pins/cm. 10 slivers are fed to each machine at a time. After the 3 passages of gill box material is send to the comber.

1.6 COMBING: 1.6.1 OBJECT: 1. To remove short fibres form the material. 2.

To remove all vegetable (foreign) matter & neps.

3.

to straighten & parallelize the fibre.

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Machine: •

NSC PB-27/28/29/30

•

SMB

•

SAN

1.6.2. COMBER CHECKLIST: 1. Keep the M/C clean. 2. Run the M/C with full silver. 3. Feed the can of 3rd gill to comber. 4. Check the noil %. 5. Check the combed silver (evenness). 6. Check cylinder needles (half lap). Top comb, feed comb. 7. Check the aprons.

1.7 CONVERTER: 1.7.1 Object: - The continuous filament tow is fed to a converter & is cut into staple form as per requirement so that it can be used to spun a staple yarn or a sliver can be used for blending with other fibres. So the tow is then converted into a staple sliver coiled in can. Advantages of using converter over preparing sliver by Card are:1. In converter fibres are cut at the required length so the length variation in the material is greatly avoided. 2. Carding is completely eliminated. i.e. no waste & carding cost. 3. Higher production than carding (300-450 kg/hr as against 60 kg/hr) 4. This converter is provided with the gill box, thus more parallelization & straightening of fibres.

Machine: NSC D-65RS After converter 3 passages of gilling are given for doubling & drafting making sliver more parallel & even. Final delivery may be either a ball top (for blending) or bump top (for top dyeing). 26

1.8: POLYESTER PROCESING: The polyester continuous filaments are used as a raw material here. These raw materials are sourced from various manufacturers like IOCL-Chennai, Reliance etc. of different denier and of different finishes like sparkle, dull, low pill, semi sparkle etc. here no combing process is given to the polyester, since its length is uniform. There are two types of the process that can be given to the polyester component. One is carded polyester sequence and other is converted polyester sequence.

1.8.1:CONVERTED POLYESTER SEQUENCE: The continuous polyester filaments are fed to the converter machine. This machine can cut the filaments into required length of 75mm, 88mm or 102mm.Normally 88mm staple length is used. The material is given three passages of gill box and finally ‘Ball-top’ is produced. Its weight is around 12 Kg. these ball tops are then converted to the bump tops and then they are send for dyeing. The total production of the machine is 6000 Kg per day.

1.9: COMBING LAB: In Combing Lab following tests are done: 

Grease content of the raw wool after and before scouring.



Moisture content test.



Blend composition of dual blend and tertiary blends.



Micronaire fineness test.



Average fibre length test.



Projection drawing test.



Uster evenness test. Etc…

1.10 TOP DYEING:1.10.1 Sample dyeing: 27

Before sample to be taken for top dyeing, sample dyeing is done at lab scale The material after sample dyeing is send to the colour matching on spectrometer. If the shade matches with the standard sample then the bulk dyeing is done.

Introduction:-This is one the most important departments in Raymond’s. Colour, which is very important in our life as well as in textile industry, is being added here. Though dyeing is an essential and common department, the method of dyeing that is used here is different. Instead of dyeing the fabrics or yarns the dyeing is carried out when the material is in sliver form.

Principal:- In this method material is stationary and the dye liquor is moving. Material in the top form is inserted in the spindles and certain pressure is applied with the help of the pressing machine. Then with the help of the Crain, carriers are lifted and taken to the machine.

Construction: - Main machine have two vertical cylindrical vessels adjacent to it; one is for the chemicals i.e. exhausting agents, levelling agents, antistatic agents, soap solution, reduction clearing chemicals etc. and other is for the dye solution which contains propeller for agitation of the dye liquor. All dyeing machines are handled by dyeing operators but the working actions of the machines are controlled from main computer control room.

1.10.2. TOP DYEING LAB: This is the heart of the department, because peoples working in this department decide the procedures and the process parameters. Apart from this many other works like, testing various fastness properties of the dyed material, match the shades, check the purity of the chemicals, and check the sublimation properties of the disperse dyes, testing the quality of the blends.

1.11: RECOMBING:Material from the third gill box is fed to the combing machine. In all 18 combing machines are present with total production capacity 6000 Kg.

1.12. GILL BOX:

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The material coming from recombing machines are given two passages of gill box. Finally the bump top is prepared and this is send to spinning department for further processing.

FLOW CHART: GREASY WOOL DIRECT BALE BLENDING SCOURING CARDING

POLYESTER

POLYESTER

CARDING

CONVERTER

GILLING-1

GILLING-1

GILLING-2

GILLING-2

POLY BUMP TOPS

GILLING-3

GILLING-1 BACK WASH GILLING-2

TOP DYEING

GILLING-3

HYDROEXTR ACTER

GREY COMBING

R.F DRYER

OPENING GILLING

DEFELTING GILLING-1

GILLING-4 GILLING-2 GILLING-5 GILLING-3 WOOL BUMP TOP RECOMBING GILLING-4 FINAL RECOMBED BUMP TOP TO SPINNING DEPARTMENT

GILLING-5 29

2. SPINNING

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RAYMOND TEXTILE SPINNING PROCESS

FLOW CHART:-

BUMP TOPS FROM RECOMBING CONDITIONING

GILLING RUBING FRAME (FM5P)

RUBBING FRAME (FM7N) RING FRAME

STEAMING AUTO WINDING PLY WINDING

TFO

STEAMING

YARN ROOM

31

2.1: CONDITIONING:When the tops from combing department are taken to spinning dept. they are carried in a trolley and are kept for conditioning. Each trolley contents about 20 tops. The conditioning room is closed and the humidifiers are installed in it for humidification. The conditioning time is 24 to 48 hrs. After conditioning the materials are taken for spinning process.

2.2: GILLING:Here tops are opened and gilled and doubled for which 4 passages of gilling are given. And mass per unit length is brought under control which can be fed to roving frame. In the third passage, Auto leveller is used to eliminate the short term regularities. Then in the last passage Bi coiling or Tri coiling is done. There are two lines. One for coarse fibre processing and the other for fine fibre processing.

2.3.1 ROVING:

The sliver is then converted to roving by applying draft and number of doubling operations to make the material uniform. The basic operations that are carried here are 1) Feeding 2) Drafting 3) Rubbing (imparting virtual twist to strengthen the strand of fiber) and 4) Balling or canning. Objectives:-

32

•

Drafting: - to reduce the weight per unit length of the sliver

•

Twisting: - to impart twist to the roving strand

•

Winding:-to wind the roving onto a suitable package

2.3.2RUBBING FRAME: Objective:* To convert the drawn sliver into a form suitable for spinning in ring frame. This machine gives false twist to the fibres. In this case the cohesive force is developed by giving a false twist by the action of rubbing rollers

2.4:QUALITY CHECK: Four bobbins from each machine are taken and checked for U% and wrapping. For wrapping 1 meter of roving is taken. Along with this TPM is also checked. By stretching the rove between the two points, it is required that fiber must be separated or come out without applying high tension. This is the sign as that required & optimum twist U% is between 4.0 – 4.2% Here the final roving is prepared.

2.5 RING FRAME The Rubbing frame bobbins or the roving bobbins are brought to ring frame dept. and the roving is converted in to yarn by roller drafting system. A draft of 13 to 30 is given and twisted material is wound on a ring bobbin

2.6 STEAMING:After ring frame the yarn is subjected to steaming. Highly twisted yarns are prone to snarling during winding. The snarling capacity is reduced by setting the twist under high pressure and temperature. This is achieved by the process of steaming

33

MATERIAL HANDLING: The supply material to sectional warping are cheeses or cones, which are taken from yarn room as per requirement, which are carried by trolleys to warping department. After the beam is produced, the remaining bobbins are again carried to yarn room by trolleys and are store there.

2.7 INTRODUCTION: In Raymond Mill, sizing operation is omitted, as all the yarns are doubled and have got a good abrasion resistance and are strong sufficiently. To get abrasion resistance wax is applied at warping. There are some another advantages of doing sectional warping, which are followed here over beam warping. -

Space required is less as compared to beam warping.

-

Yarn breakages can be easily located.

-

Fancy structures like rib, strips etc. can be produced in the cloth.

2.8 DRAWING IN:

OBJECTIVE Warping is carried out to convert predetermined package such as cone or cheese into sheet of yarn of specified length and width. Individual ends in warp are uniformly spaced across the spaced width. In weaving, it is necessary to spread the warp threads properly in order to get required compactness of cloth. Passing the warp yarn through the dents of the reed of appropriate count so that cloth woven from warp will contain required numbers of ends effects this. Also passing of warp threads through drop wires heald wires and the dent of reed is carried out by process known as drawing in.

34

DRAWING IN OPERATION: The operation of drawing in is called out in following manner… One operative called ‘Reacher’ and another one called ‘Drawer’ sits at back and front of the frame respectively. The reaches takes the bunch of warp threads in his hand, straighten them up and select the yarn one by one from the one extreme end of loom beam in proper sequence. By this time the drawer inserts the hook through the corresponding reed dent, heald eyes, front to back. The reacher then hooks the yarn in the hook and drawer will draw it through healds and reed dent and will knot a bunch of threads at reed to avoid slipping of threads.

3. WEAVING WEAVING PROCESS OF RAYMOND TEXTILE 3.1: Flow chart:

YARN ROOM

SECTIONAL WARPING

DRAWING- IN

LOOM SHED

PERCHING

GREY MENDING 35

IN WEAVING 6000 Kg. of yarn is converted onto 21000 Metres of fabric per day.

3.2: WEAVING

Objective:-To produces a fabric of desire construction by interlacement of warp and weft yarn. Introduction:-In Raymond Mill, there are two types of looms, projectile (SULZER RUTI) and rapier looms (rigid (Dornier) / flexible (NP)).

About 12000 meters of linear fabric is produced per day. There are total 112 looms working three shifts. That means each loom is producing about 92 meters of fabric per shift. The number of machines according to make model and loon speed. This department also has a quality control section where day to day quality parameters of the fabrics are checked and necessary action are taken whenever there is some diversion from the norms. This quality control section is linked with the main quality control department, which controls the over all quality checks.

3.3: CHECK ROOM: Check room is provided to check the fabric structure and faults in the fabric according to the piece ticket, number of pick are checked. Two more PPI is tolerated; otherwise the fabric is not allowed to pass further. 36

Fabric widths less than 10 mm of reed length are tolerated. Maximum half /one hour is required to check the sample. Any fault occurred in the sample, the memo is sent to quality control department.

4. FABRIC DYEING In this department dyeing is carried out in two forms. 1. Fabric dyeing, also called as piece dyeing. 2. Yarn dyeing. (In both cheese/cone form and beam form).

4.1 Fabric Dyeing:Fabric dyeing is carried out in either ‘Rope’ form or in ‘Open width’ form.

4.1.1 Rope form: Here both piece and liquor are moving. Only in case of jet overflow dyeing liquor is stationary & piece is moving. There are three types of rope dyeing machine: a) Jet overflow M/C. b) Brazzoli overflow dyeing M/C. c) Dalal overflow dyeing M/C.

4.1.2: Open width form: a) Beam dyeing: Here the piece is stationary and the liquor is circulating. The piece which is to be dyed is wound on a perforated cylinder. Hot water is passed through this cylinder at 70 °C. Then it is covered with cotton cloth & is clamped with collar plates. This batch is then placed in dyeing. there is In-Out & Out-In flow of the liquor which is controlled automatically. After dyeing fabric is passed through rope opener.

b) Jigger dyeing:

37

Jiggers are used for dyeing the terry viscose fabrics, here reactive dyes are used. Before dyeing the pieces are wound on Let-off rollers then they are passed through the tank containing dyes and then they are wound on Take-up rollers. For light shades such 2 shades are given while for dark shades 4 cycles are given.

c) Cheese dyeing: The cheese dyeing machines are similar to top dyeing machines. Only difference is that here spindles are used for placing the packages on the carrier, instead of hollow cylinder for placing the top as in case of top dyeing machine.

Following defects may occur: 1. Uneven dyeing: sometimes patchy dyeing takes place. For this 5-10% levelling is carried out, i.e. piece is redyed. 2. Draining: if drying process is carried out late, then this effect occurs. There will be lines on the fabric. So it is passed through hot water at 70 °C. 3. Moiré: slight waviness in the yarn which can be felt by hand. This effect occurs mainly in beam dyeing. 4. Listing: this defect occurs in viscose dyeing i.e. jigger dyeing there will be a band formation near the selvedge, so 10% levelling is carried out in jigger. 5. Oxidation: this defect also occurs in jigger. If some soap particles remain on the fabric surface, so 5-10% levelling is done in jigger. 6. Water mark: if the fabric is kept wet for long time then this defect occurs. There is no way of correcting this fault, so fabric is cut at the section.

4.2.3FINISH MENDING: Here all types of defects are detected and the fabrics are classified into ‘A’,’B’,’C’,’D’ groups depending upon the type and the no. of faults occurring in that particular length of fabric. Here cutting instructions are also given to the folding department by attaching different coloured tags (yarns) to the selvedge. If the faults are mendable ten they are mended. Carbon tetra chloride is used for 38

removing stains on the fabric. During the process of mending the length of the fabric is also measured. The different tags used are: •

White & Blue double thread: fabric to be cut.

•

Yellow: full lengths piece to be cut in multiple of 1.2 meters. 12 meters for civil. 15 meters for export.

•

Blue: fabric to be send to the J.K Bombay Ltd.,(Garment factory)

•

Red: major defect.

Flow chart civil order: Measuring - Folding - Cutting - Selvedge Stamping – Weighing - Hand Rolling - Top end Stamping – Passing - Computer entry – Packing – Warehouse

Flow chart export order: Measuring – Tube rolling – Weighing – Passing – Computer entry – Packaging - Warehouse

5. FINISHING Finishing is one of the essential processes to processing mill, where all materials are subjected before they put in the market. Finishing

gives

following

advantages: 1. Improved appearance - Lustre 2. Improved feel, which depends on the handle of the fabric and its softness, fullness etc. 3. It improves wearing qualities Ant crease 4. It gives special properties required for particular uses - Water proofing, flame proofing etc. 5. It increases weight of the fabric & sale value of the material. 39

6. It improves natural attractiveness & serviceability of the fabric. Hence, finishing is essential for a textile good before they are put on the market. In Raymond there are three dept. of finishing. 1. Wet finishing. 2. Dry finishing. 3. Grey finishing. Terywool, All wool & Trovin i.e. Teryviscose fabrics are finished.

.6: DESIGNING DEPARTMENT:

6.1: INTRODUCTION: The main objective of this department is to produce various designs as per Trends in the market and to provide sales people the various combinations of designs and blends etc. There are two ways in which this department has to function:  The customer sends sample cuttings. This sample is analysed for blend, shade, count, ends/inch, twist/inch, cover factor, feel, handle etc. if the fabric is available with the mill, and then it is send to the party for approval. Otherwise various samples are developed with no. of combinations and these are sending to the customer for their approval.  The designing department also develops various new designs in different shades and blends, etc. before this; required information is taken from the production planning department, like availability of yarn etc., for bulk production. These new self-developed samples are send to the product department, these samples are presented to the customers and then the bookings are taken.

40

FUNCTION OF THE DESIGNING DEPARTMENT: 1) To attend the international fairs with the sales people and do survey of the market and get the customers for the company. 2) To make the sample blankets for the sample preparation as per the summer and winter, two times in a year before the conference. This should be planned before the three months from the conference. 3) If any new fabric order comes, then analyze it and give the details to the sample preparation department for the sample making and show it to the customer suggested by them and confirm for the bulk order. 4) Then make the master card and forward it to the production-planning department for the production planning. The numbers of shades which will be provided to the customer are predetermined. Any sample which can not be produced in these predetermined shades are termed a ‘Out of range shade’. Following are the colour codes given: Colour name

Colour code

Colour name

Colour code

Gold

1

Violet

5

Blue

2

Rust

6

Red

3

Brown

7

Green

4

Black/Grey

8

Mix (Melange)

9

The designing department also caters the needs of exports. A separate section is present for this purpose.

7. FOLDING The fully finished fabric from the finishing department is being folded in the folding department. The folding of the fabric is carried out according to the requirements of the civil and export market. Civil fabrics are folded and export fabrics are rolled on the plastic tube. In folding department fabrics are cut at yellow tags. Then fabric weight and all the details like length, width, quality, etc. are written on a flag which is attached to 41

the fabric. Different qualities have different flags. Then selvedge stamping is done & top end stamping is done as follows: Name of the company: Date of manufacturing: Blend%: Quality: Width of the fabric: These stamping is very necessary as this has been prescribed by the TEXTILE COMMINESSOR.

Flow chart civil order: Measuring - Folding - Cutting - Selvedge Stamping – Weighing - Hand Rolling - Top end Stamping – Passing Computer entry – Packing – Warehouse

Flow chart export order: Measuring – Tube rolling – Weighing – Passing – Computer entry – Packaging - Warehouse

8. WAREHOUSESING The material from the folding comes to the warehouse department for the storing. The material is first divided into the civil or export or exotic. As per the material, this is kept in the bins as per the quality wise and shade wise. The civil and export lots are stored separately. About the exotic lots, they are packed in the well packing suggested by the customer and stored. Dispatches are made as per the requirement. Fabric Flaws:  Where in weft wise flaw run across the pieces, the same will be flagged with a red flag.  Where a warp wise flaw runs down the piece up to 100 cm, same shall be flagged with a red flag at start of the flaw.  Where flaws are minor in nature, they will be flagged with white flag. 42

9. QUALITY CONTROL & CENTRAL LAB: There is a centralized Quality Control lab catering to the various departments. Right from the fibres, to the delivered finished fabric, all these things are maintained to the highest quality standards. This department is segregated into four sub labs:  Combing quality control lab.  Spinning quality control lab.  Weaving quality control lab.  Dyeing and finished quality control lab. In the central lab, along with the regular mill products, the out side yarns are tested for twist, count, strength, blends etc. the development fabric samples and out side fabric are tested. Also the samples of J.K Bombay, J.K. Investors are tested here. The following parameters are tested for different products. FIBRE: Fibre diameter (micronair), oïl content, neps, vegetable matters, moisture etc. YARN : Count, strength, twist (single yarn & piled yarn), blend, evenness testing etc. FABRIC: Construction, (EPI, PPI, Count), width, weight/sq.mts, partial wear, pilling, seam slippage, shrinkage etc., water fastness, dry cleaning fastness, abrasion, blend, tensile strength, crease recovery, rubbing fastness etc. LEGEND •

1: TEST IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION PURPOSE 43

•

2: TEST NOT APPLICABLE

•

3: TEST IF REQUIRED BY CUSTOMER

•

4: TEST REPORT APPROVAL IS ESSENTIAL BEFORE DESPATCH

•

5: SINGLE WEFT QUALITIES & FOR DEVELOPMENT SAMPLES

•

6: TEST REPORTS TO IDENTIFY DEFICIENCES & REPORT IMMEDIATELY

10. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 10.1 FUNCTION:

A number of tests are required to be carried out for the raw material or chemical that is used in the industry. There are some standards for the raw material and chemical e.g. purity, solid content, pH, fastness, performance, Density etc. These tests are carried out in R & D by collecting the sample from various depts. and are compared with ISO norms set and the remark is given about the test, which is to be followed by the respective department.

10.2 SAMPLING PLAN •

Sample collected from : Store

•

Frequency of collection: One sample is tested from each lot.

•

Sample tested by : Lab assistant (R&D)

•

Result reported to : Manager (R&D)

•

Action taken by : Manager (R&D) R & D of Textile Division continues to develop new products & finishes for the market. All Wool,

light weight, fine count suiting based on Superfine 200’s wool was produced during 2003. Machine washable 100% wool fabric has been developed.

44

FINANCIAL REPORT BALANCE SHEET AS ON 31 MARCH 2009

45

Schedule

Amount

Amount

No.

(in Lacs)

(in Lacs)

Share Capital

1

6138.08

Reserve and Surplus

2

129477.86

B.

3

1.SOURCES OF FUNDS: A.

C.

Shareholders’ Funds:

Loan Funds: Secured Loan

56686.05

Unsecured Loan

22074.96

Deferred Tax Liability

135615.94

78761.01 5587.73

Total

219964.68

2. APPLICATION OF FUNDS: A.

Fixed Assets:

4

a)Gross Block

123003.48

b)Less: Depreciation

55397.84

c)Net Block

67605.64

d)Capital Work in Progress

8568.51

B.

Investment

5

C.

Current Assets, Loan & Advance

6

76174.15 98447.50

a)Inventories

28366.36

b)Sundry Debtors

26877.07

c)Cash & Bank Balance

2561.40

d)Other Current Assets

2969.90

e)Loans & Advance

21715.86 82490.59

D. Less: Current Liabilities & Provision

7

a)Liabilities b)Provision

29083.90 46

8063.66 37147.56

Net Current Assets (C-D)

45343.03

AMOUNT

AMOUNT

INCOME: Sales , Services & Incentive

8

LESS: Excise Duties

129962.75 1543.40 128419.35

Other income

9

9077.82 137497.17

EXPENDITURES: Material costs

10

37737.82

Manufacturing costs

11

27099.12

Increase/decrease in finished & process stock

12

791.45

Employment costs

13

22558.39

Administrative, selling & general expense

14

26113.63

Finance charge

15

4711.91

Depreciation

6305.51 125317.83

Less: trial run expenditure capitalized

51.04

Finished &process stock transferred on divestment

of business

3468.26

PROFIT FOR THE YEAR BEFORE

121798.53

EXCEPTIONAL ITEMS:

15172.47

-

CONTINUING OPERATIONS

526.17

-

DIVESTED DENIM BUSINESS

15698.64 8809.32

ADD:SURPLUS ON DIVESTMENT OF DENIM

684.68

BUSINESS LESS:OTHERS 23823.28

PROFIT FOR THE YEAR BEFORE TAX -

Current tax

-

Less: deferred tax

-

Fringe benefit

-

Wealth tax

4210.00 815.00 47

275.00 28.00

SCHEDULE NO. 1 SHARE CAPITAL Authorized: (10, 0000000 equity share of Rs 10 each)

1000.00

Issued and Subscribed:

6138.08

(6, 13, 80,853 equity share of Rs 10 each fully paid up) SCHEDULE NO. 2 RESERVES AND SURPLUS A. Securities premium account B.

Capital redemption reserve

C.

Debenture redemption reserve

14778.55 1371.01 1450.00

D. General reserve

83989.5

27888.77 Total reserve and surplus

129477.86

SCHEDULE NO. 3 LOAN FUNDS a) Secured loan

56686.05

b) Unsecured Loan

22074.96

Total loan funds

78761.01

48

E. Profit and loss account

SCHEDULE NO 5 INVESTMENT ( AT COST/BOOK VALUE) Long Term Investment

75311.99

Current Investment

23135.51

TOTAL INVESTMENT

SCHEDULE NO 6

98447.50

-

CURRENT ASSETS, LOANS AND ADVANCE a)

INVENTORIES Loose tools

84.75

Stores & spare parts

1561.50

Stock-in-trade : Raw Material

4475.97

Goods in process

8673.34

Finished goods

9007.19

22156.5

Merchanting goods

2714.92

Goods in transit

1848.69

TOTAL

b)

28366.3

SUNDRY DEBTORS: Debts

1899.76 49

Other debts

24977.31 TOTAL

c)

CASH AND BANK BALANCE: Cash in hand

709.22

Balance with scheduled Bank

1837.34

Balance with Non scheduled Bank

14.84

TOTAL

d)

2561.40

OTHER CURRENT ASSETS: Export incentive receivable

412.75

Dividend and interest

1798.92

Claims & other receivables TOTAL

e)

26877.07

758.23 2969.90

LOANS & ADVANCE:

21715.86

TOTAL PER BALANCE SHEET

82490.59

SCHEDULED NO 7 CURRENT LIABILITIES AND PROVISION

50

A)

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Remuneration to the directors

17722.89

Advance against sales

771.64

Due to subsidiary companies

1007.15

Deposits from dealers

5600.62

Overdrawn bank balance

1815.07

Other liability

2017.25

Interest accrued but not due TOTAL

B)

149.28 29083.90

PROVISIONS :

For proposed dividend

3069.04

For tax on proposed dividend

521.58

For taxation

468.44

For fringe benefit

2.58

For retirement benefit

2912.71

For excise duties

223.02

Others

866.29 TOTAL TOTAL

8063.66

(A+B)

37147.56

51

RATIO ANALYSIS: BALANCE SHEET RATIO OR FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT RATIO Current Ratio =

Current Assets Current Liabilities

Year 2009 =

82490.59

= 2.22:1

37147.54 Year 2008 =

77011.19 =

2.33:1

32998.18 Year 2007 =

65501.32

=

2.60:1

25109.78

Note: Generally, the ratio 2:1 is considered satisfactory. So here is no worry about the

Current Ratio:Proprietary Ratio =

Proprietors Fund or Equities Fixed Assets +Current Assets

Year 2009

135615.94

=

0.85 or 85.47%

=

0.73 or 73.67%

158664.74 Year 2008

118994.53 161523

52

Year 2007

110393.53

=

0.88 or 88.48%

124755.98 Note: This mean that out of every rupee of assets employed in the business, 85 paisa in 2009, 73 paisa in 2006 and 88 paisa in 2005 contributed by the proprietors and remaining contributes by the outsider creditors

CHAPTER-3 PURPOSE AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 53

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

It refers to the method adopted to collect the relevant data and other information, which forms the basis of the this writing. So far the effective writing of the report, the data must be quality oriented. My research is divided into these stages

STAGE I: Data Source All the data collected by me is secondary in nature. Raymond’s websites provides me their product details which helps me in making product analysis, company profile of Raymond and the financial statement for the current year. The secondary data sources that is being utilized in this project are as follows-. •

The ads in The Times of India.

• Website material on Wikipedia, Raymond’s website (www.raymondindia.com). •

Business magazines.

STAGE II: Analysis 54

In this stage all the data is analyzed and the report is being written. Material collected from various sources is first arranged and then by consulting the project guide this data is used to prepare report. The data which is secondary in this report study for the company profile

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE What is Research Objective? No research is useful if it does not have any research objective. Research objective tells the researcher as for what kind of information or results, the research has to be carried out. Without the research objective the researcher will not be able to carry out research and if he performs the research objective it will not be of any use. The main emphasis of the study is microanalysis of Raymond ltd which, with over 60% share in India, is the largest integrated manufacturer of worsted fabric in the world.

This study will conclude following objectives: -

• To study Raymond group’s evolution & why it is so successful.

•

To study the Production Function & management of the company with other organizational functions

like, finance function, marketing function, human resource function.

•

To discuss the future plans, the financial report and Raymond’s strength as a business organization.

55

CHAPTER-4

FINDINGS

56

AND ANALYSIS SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGHTS The strengths Raymond Group are as follows:  Company’s name Raymond signifies the quality image high standard and quality product.  Loyalty from customers is also the major strength for the company.  Employees are also loyal due to the decentralized culture of company.  People trust on products due to the proper health and safety measures.  Being a multinational company it has the capability to attract more customer than the local companies.  Company has the ability to compete in a dynamic environment.  Company always adapts the new technology.

57

WEAKNESSES The weaknesses are as follows:  There is not much margins for retailers to prefer it’s sales.  The distribution cost is high as compared to the competition in the local market.  Company mostly advertises suitings, advertisement is not so better.

OPPORTUNITIES The opportunities are as follows:  Post-2005 challenges, a huge opportunity that needs to be capitalised. Global Trade is expected to be triple from the current USD 305 Bn to USD 856 Bn.  The company needs to increase focus on product development like new specialized fabric like Smart Fabrics, Specialized treatments etc..

THREATS The Threats are as follows:  Almost all the major players in the industry are competing with each other not only on the basis of lower prices but also on better quality.. 58

 Increasing Social and Ecological awareness is likely to result in increased pressure on the company to follow international labour and environmental laws.  Regional Trade Alliances

CHAPTER-5 CONCLUSION & 59

RECOMMENDATIONS

CONCLUSION

A leader in the premium fabric market, Raymond is emerging as a garment player to reckon with. Its wide presence in the export market makes it a strong contender in the race to gain global market share in clothing. Premium garments to provide avenues for growth. INVESTORS can hold the stock of Raymond. the company's long-term growth prospects remain unaffected. The company continues to enjoy a leadership position in the worsted fabric market. It has also gained a dominant presence in the domestic market for high-end garments. Having made inroads in the export market, Raymond is better placed to cater to the demand from such markets.

60

RECOMMENDATIONS

The observation which we came across in the company while visiting the manufacturing unit was that the company what maintained properly and work in progress was proceeding very smoothly. The machinery were kept in proper way i.e. assembly line was maintained so that wip can be minimized. All the waste material was collected in dustbins and those waste materials are also utilized in different ways. We observed that workers were properly trained from time to time. So due to proper training they have became skilled. The flooring was maintained and their was facility of drinking water for lab ours. in short the company provides comfort to their workers.

61

BIBLIOGRAPHY

•

INTERNET: http://www.bing.com/search?FORM=DNSAS&q=www.raymondindia.com  http://www.google.co.in/  http://www.raymondindia.com/grp.asp  http://m.in.yahoo.com/?p=us

•

RAYMOND COMPANY { managers and staff } 1. Mr. Ashok Khedekar 2. Mr. Mishra

•

BERI G.C., MARKETING RESEARCH, NEW DELHI, TATA MCGRAW HILL PUBLISHING COMPANY LIMITED, EDITING 2005, 11TH REPRINT.

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