Rapport de Stage asteel flash
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Rapport de Stage...
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Table des matières Remerciement...........................................................................3 Introduction..............................................................................4 I. Présentation de l’entreprise.................................................... l’entreprise....................................................5 5
1- AsteelFlash GROUPE :.................... :.............................. ..................... ...................... ............................................ ................................. 5 a- AsteelFlash AsteelFlash Tunisie unisie :....... :........... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........... ..............6 .......6 b- Activités Activités et pr!uits pr!uits:.... :........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ......... ............ ............... ............6 ....6 c- "i#érents "i#érents services :........ :............ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........... ............... ............... ..............$ .......$ Les différentes méthodes de test :..........................................................8 Test In Situ :.................................................................................8 Test fonctionnel :............................................................................8 Programmation Programm ation :............................................................................9 Marquage :..................................................................................9 Test intégration :............................................................................9 Test Te st contrôle final et emballage :...........................................................9
II. Ligne CMS...........................................................................!
1a-
PR%&E'T PR%&E'TA AT(O' ATE)(ER ATE)(ER *+&......... *+&............. ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ .......... .............. ............... .............. ...............1, ........1, "%FRE'T "%FRE'T T/PE "E& *ARTE& *ARTE& :......... :............. ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ..........1, ......1, +nta0e +nta0e tus *+& :......... :............. ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........... .............. ............... ............1, ....1, CMS simple Face :........................................................................! CMS double Faces :.......................................................................!
bc2-
+nta0e +nta0e tus traversant traversant :.......... :.............. ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........... ............11 .....11 +nta0e +nta0e +ite :....... :........... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........... .............. .............. ............... .......... 11 )(G'E )(G'E *+& :....... :........... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ............ ............... .............. .............1 ......1 Le dépilage de circuits imprimés :......................................................." La sérigraphie :...........................................................................3 La MC!I"# $# S#%I&%P!I# : ....................................................3
abc-
+A*3('E +A*3('E +P+ :........ :............ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ......... ......... ....12 12 +O"E "E FO'*T(O' FO'*T(O''E+E' 'E+E'T.... T........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ......... ............ ............14 .....14 )E& *O+PO&A'T& *O+PO&A'T& "U PRO*E& PRO*E&& & :..... :......... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ......... ............. ............... .............. .........15 ..15 La Carte imprimée :......................................................................5 Le P'%T#(% :...........................................................................5
1
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La C%#M# )%S#% :.................................................................# Le P'C!'I% :............................................................................#
Il se caractérise par $...................................................................# Les %CL#S..............................................................................%
Il se caractérise par $...................................................................% Machine de pose de composant...........................................................8 Pose composants CMS....................................................................8 Machine de pose *PF +fu,i- :.............................................................9 Four de refusions :........................................................................" Machine d.inspection optique :..........................................................."5 L.empilage :..............................................................................."5
4-
+A*3('E +A*3('E A(A) A(A) 7*" 7*" &%8UE'*EU &%8UE'*EUR9... R9....... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ .......... ............. ............5 .....5
III. &one 'ests..................... ests............................................. ..................................................... ............................. "%
1a b-
a bc-
TE&T (' &(TU (*T9 :.......... :.............. ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........... ..............$ .......$ ................................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .......... Les te tests à sondes fi fixes :..................... ............................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............................ .................. Les tests à sondes mobiles mobiles :.................... TE&T FO'*T(O'' FO'*T(O''E) E) F*T9 :....... :........... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ............ .............2, .....2, ................................ ..................... ..................... ..................... .......................................... ................................ 2 Problématiques..................... .............................. ..................... ...................... ..................... ................................................ ...................................... 2 Conclusion.................... Spéc Spécif ific icat atio ionn mat matér ériel ielle less et logi logici ciel el du du proj projet et..........................................................22 Introduction...............................................................................33 Instrumentss et équipements Instrument équipements de test test......................................................33 #n/ironnement #n/ironnem ent de dé/eloppement logiciel...............................................34
Conclusion..............................................................................3#
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Nous remercions dans un premier temps, toute l’équipe pédagogique de CENTRE SECTORIEL E !OR"#TION !OR"#TION EN IN$STRIES ELECTRONI%$E ET ELECTRI%$E E T$NIS T$NIS et les inter& inter&ena enants nts pro'es pro'essio sionne nnels ls respon responsab sables les de la 'ormation, pour a&oir assuré la partie t(éorique de celle)ci* Nous e+primons également notre remerciement "onsieur "O-#"E TR#.ELSI pour l’aide et les conseils concernant les missions é&oquées dans ce rapport, qu’il nous a apporté lors des di''érents sui&is* Nous tiendrons remercier tout particulièrement et témoigner toute nos reconnaissances au+ personnes sui&antes, pour l’e+périence enric(issante et pleine d’intér/t qu’elles nous ont ont 'ait 'ait &i&r &i&ree dura durant nt ce cess deu+ deu+ mois mois au sein sein de l’en l’entr trep epri rise se #STEEL !L#S- group 0 "onsieur 1#LI 2ER2RI, responsable du groupe maintenance test, pour son accueil et la con'iance qu’il nous a accordé dès notre arri&ée dans l’entreprise l’entreprise #mine ben 3annet Nabil ben abida , pour nous a&oir intégré rapidement au sein de l’entreprise et nous a&oir accordé toute leurs con'iance 4 pour le temps qu’ils nous ont consacré tout au long de cette période, sac(ant répondre toutes nos interrogations 4 sans oublier leurs participation au c(eminement de ce rapport*
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e nos 3ours, la 'ormation n’est pas basée seulement sur l’étude t(éorique, c’est pour cela que le stage semble une matière principale pour pratiquer ce qu’on a &u au centre, ainsi on peut enri en ric( c(ir ir notr notree 'orma 'ormati tion on qui qui cont contie ient nt la 'ois 'ois,, la t(éo t(éori riee et la pratique, parce qu’on ne peut pas pratiquer sans t(éorique* 5’ai été accueilli du 6786689:6; 6786689:6; 3usqu’au :78:989:6< au sein de la Société #STEEL!L#S-* "on stage est soumis dans le E=#RTE"ENT E=#RTE"ENT "#INTEN#NCE TEST* TEST* 5’ai 'ait décrire décrire ensuite ensuite les di''érents di''érents tra&au+ tra&au+ e'' e''ectué ectuéss dans c(aque poste de tra&ail*
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I* =résentation de l’entreprise l’entreprise 1- AsteelFlash GROUPE : "e#enu depuis le 1er jan#ier 2$$% &S'((L )L&S* )L&S* group+ le groupe dont l,origine remonte à l,entreprise )&C. implantée à &len/on depuis 10%+ est aujourd,ui le leader fran/ais en sous-traitance électronique dans le domaine de la fabrication d,éléments destinés aux médias 3'43'4-PC5+ PC5+ au télép télépéag éage+ e+ aux compte compteurs urs électr électroni onique quess et à la mécat mécatron roniqu iquee desti destinée née à l,automobile6
7éalisant 8$ 9 de dollars de C&+ le groupe compte 1$ sites industriels en )rance emploant 12$$ personnes+ il est aussi présent au 7oaume-;ni 31$ personnes5+ en 'unisie 'unisie depuis % ans 311$$ personnes5+ en 7oumanie 32$ personnes5+ en Californie 3énergie 3LI@SC9(C5+ Cartes termostats 3roupe 9;LL(7+ .?7'5+ Cartes de commande 3)&7-D7&."'5+ Cartes minuterie3*&(75+ Cartes de régulation 3"( "?('7?C*5+ 9odules JuicE Connect 3*&(756 • • • • • •
c- Diérents Diérents services services :
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•
Ser&ice In'ormatique0 In'ormatique0 Ce ser#ice permit de:
G &ssurer la maKtrise des flux financiers dans l>entreprise+ G "éterminer et analser les résultats comptables périodiques+ G 7éaliser le pilotage des moens informatiques6 Ser&ice Ressources Ressources -umaines0 -umaines0 ?l permit de: - arant arantir ir la la forma formatio tionn et la gest gestion ion des compét compétenc ences+ es+ - &ssur &ssurer er la gestio gestionn des des ressou ressource rcess uma umaine ines+ s+ - 9ain 9ainte teni nirr le bon bon cli clima matt soci social al66 Ser&ice "aintenance0 "aintenance0 &u sein d>&S'((L+ on trou#e trois locaux de maintenance: Local maintenance générale : maintenance correcti#e et pré#enti#e des équipements et •
•
•
• •
outillages de production+ Local maintenance test : maintenance des testeurs+ Local maintenance C9S : maintenance des macines C9S6
Les différentes méthodes de test :
L>utilisation des tests se diffAre d>un produit à un autre+ en fait cette stratégie dépond de différents critAres qui sont en accord a#ec le client selon le caier de carge : • • •
La tecnologie du module électronique ou de l>équipement à tester6 L>accessibilité des points de test quoi d au design6 Les exigences des clients : caier des carges6
Test In Situ :
&prAs &prAs montage montage des composants composants++ la carte passe passe au poste 3?n Situ5 dont le but est de tester caque composant composant comme s>il était seul sur la carte selon sa nature6 Test fonctionnel :
C>est la métode la plus efficace pour é#aluer notre solution dont il permet à l>utilisateur de réaliser les principales tFces pour lesquels le logiciel a été dé#eloppé6
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Programmation :
&prAs a#oir testé les composants de la carte+ il faut carger le programme de test dans le microcontrMleur ou la mémoire flas6 Marquage :
?l s>agit de coller les étiquettes sur caque carte pour permettre l>identification de la carte a#ant l>emballage6 &steel)las dispose aussi des macines de gra#ure laser6 Test intégration :
;nee fois ;n fois la carte carte testée testée et l>étiq l>étiquet uette te corre correspo sponda ndante nte est collée collée++ il faut faut lui ajoute ajouterr ses accessoires et faire un test fonctionnel de la carte intégrée6 Ceci sert à éliminer tout doute d>un é#entuel défaut6 emballa ge : Test contrôle final et emballage
Ce test est un test #isuel6 ?l est effectué juste a#ant l>emballage de produit6 L>opérateur doit contrMler l>état général afin de déceler un défaut qui n>impacte pas le fonctionnement6
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CMS
Composants
Monté
Sur surface
"( D!F(RE#T T)PE DE" &ARTE" :
a- 'onta*e 'onta*e tous tous &'" : "ans ce cas+ les cartes ne comportent aucun composant à insertion6 Les C9S peu#ent Otre montés sur l,une ou l,autre face ou sur les deux 6 CMS simple Face :
"ans ce cas+ seulement le brasage par refusions est possible6 CMS double Faces :
"ans ce cas+ l,implantation des composants sur la carte électronique ainsi que le brasage se font en deux temps :
-
Composants C9S sur une face 3brasage par refusions5 r efusions5 Composants C9S sur l,autre face aprAs retournement de la carte 3Drasage à la #ague56
b- 'onta*e tous tous traversant traversant :
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*+& et traversant sur les !eu Faces
Face TOP *+& et traversant et Face @OTTO+ *+& u traversant
Face TOP *+& et Face @OTTO+ traversant
&eul &eule= e=en entt le tpe tpe !e bras brasa0 a0e e se !i#B !i#Brre : bras brasa0 a0e e par par trai traite te=e =ent nt ther=i>ue pur les *+& et C la va0ue pur les c=psants traversant. traversant. •
Le composant monté en surface +CMS- :
désig désigne ne une tecnique de fabrication fabrication des cartes électroniques et par extension un tpe de comp compos osan ants ts util utilis isés és par par l,industrie électronique6 Cett Cettee tec tecni niqu quee cons consis iste te à bras braser er les les composants composants d,une carte à sa surface+ plutMt que d,en faire passer les broces au tra#ers6 •
La technique de montage en surface:
(st une tecnique qui permet de fixer des composants électroniques à la surface d,un circuit imprimé à imprimé à l,aide de soudure ou de colle+ par opposition à la métode classique qui consiste à utiliser des trous de connexion6 C,est plus compact et plus résistant6 ;n soin particulier est apporté à la qualité des matériels utilisés pour la réalisation de cartes électroniques6 électroniques6 L,atelier C9S dispose ainsi des macines les plus récentes : un coix assurant qualité+ flexibilité et performance des outils de production6 L>&telier L>&telier C9S est composé d,un magasin de matiAres premiAres+ d,un ensemble de lignes de fabrication ainsi que de différents outils de contrMle de la qualité6
3( %$G#E &'" : Cette instruction de la production consiste à insérer les composants C9S 3composants
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Figure 2 : Le
chaine CMS
Le dépilage de circuits imprimés :
& l>aide d>un dépileur il faut séparer les PCD nus pour les carger unitairement sur la ligne #ia un con#oeur placé sous la pile6
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Les macines les plus complAtes permettent également de maKtriser localement les conditions de température et d>grométrie 3pour des ateliers non climatisés56 (lles doi#ent Ntre isolées des #ibrations de l>atelier6
a- 'A&,$#E 'A&,$#E 'P' :
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Racle
Sens de déplacement "e la racle Ouverture Dans le pochoir
Pochoir
Crème à braser
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dimensions
épaisseur
dimensions des pistes
Le P'%T#(% :
L>usage >usage d>un porteur porteur s>a#Are s>a#Are nécessai nécessaire re dans le cas des cartes cartes minces minces ou facilemen facilementt déformables en température 3ex )7256 ;n porteur est caractérisé par :
Le matériau 3&lliage &lum5
épaisseur totale 3porteur I débordement C?;5
Planéité+ parallélisme
La masse
u#ertures en face inférieure 3maintien par #ide ou non transmission des calories en refusent5
La tenue en température 3absence de déformation en pase refusions5
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4iscosité R 4iscosité R tixotropie
conditionnement conditionnement 3seringue5
Conditions de stocEage 3tempArature5
Conditions de préparation 3temps de mise en température+ malaxage5
"urée de #ie sur écran
'acE 3pou#oir 3pou#oir collant5
Le P'C!'I% :
n utilise essentiellement aujourd>ui des pocoirs tendus sur cadre6 Les ou#ertures dans le clinquant peu#ent Ntre usinées au laser puis polies cimiquement 3inox56 L>épaisseur du pocoir définit l>épaisseur du dépMt de crAme 3 un pocoir de 1$ donnera une épaisseur de crAme de 18$ en#iron56 La dimension des ou#ertures est définie par rapport aux plages d>accueil des composants6 Le pocoir est un outillage qui doit Ntre parfaitement identifié et sui#i6 Le positionnement relatif du pocoir et du Carte imprimée s>effectue par T #ision U6
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Longueur 3par rapport à largeur sérigrapie utile5
Les réglages des macines sont dépendents des caractéristiques des racles utilisées+ on doit donc #eiller à utiliser les mNmes modAles6 "e plus+ elles doi#ent toujours Ntre en bon état6
Structure et paramAtres : Le sstAme de maintien de la carte 3ou du porteur5 :
4errouillage mécanique ou #ide
Le sstAme de raclage :
angle de raclage 3orientation de la tNte @ déplacement5 pression d>appui d>appui sur le pocoir
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Machine de pose de composant
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Machine de pose *PF +fu,i- :
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Feeder qui est un porte cargeur de composants dont on peut distinguer deux
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Four de refusions :
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•
$#SC%IPTIF $( F'"CTI'""#M#"T F'"CTI'""#M#"T F'(% $# %#F(SI'" :
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n peut a#oir un risque pendant le brasage dans le four qui se prAsente comme suit : W Les composants peu#ent peu#ent flotter de leur position sur les joints de soudure6?l soudure6?l faut alors é#iter é#iter tout déséquilib déséquilibre re qui peut agir sur le positionn positionnemen ementt final du composant composant d>o= on a les deux aspects à préser#er qui sont donc : W la planitA du substrat pendant la brasure ainsi que l>absence de #ibration6
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Pour la réalisation du profil termique il a notions à prendre en compte: Y
La long longue ueur ur des des Vone Voness de tra#a tra#ail il
Y
La pui puiss ssan ance ce des des élé éléme ment ntss cau cauff ffan ants ts
Y
La puissa puissance nce des élémen éléments ts de de refr refroid oidiss issem ement ent b6 #t
able: ab le:
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Machine d.inspection optique :
Les macines 3&?5 sont utilisés pour l>inspection de la présence et de la qualité des soudures des composants+ #érification de leur placement en \-] et à l>aide d>un laser+ réalisation des mesures de auteur et coplanarité des composants et de leurs pattes+ et enfin+ détection sstématique de la moindre patte légArement rele#ée sont les principaux contrMles qu>une
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Séquenceur 0 Le Séquenceur contient des stations qui comportent les composants+ il les range selon le plan de cargement cargement dans le programme qui soit transférer #ers 4C" pour Ntre fixer sur la carte6
@C 0
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