Rangkuman Soal2 Latihan Smart Competition
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1. A large-diameter (3- to 5-in. inside diameter), high-pressure flexible line used to connect the standpipe to the swivel. his flexible piping arrangement permits the !ell" (and, in turn, the drillstring and bit) to be raised or lowered while drilling fluid is pumped through the drillstring. #hat is this$ Answer : Rotary hose.
%. A lar ge, sloping sedimentar" deposit at the mouth of a can"on, laid down b" intermittentl" flowing water, usual l" consisting of detrital clastic sediments, and distinct from suba&ueous deposition such as in la!es or oceans, and composed of gravel and sand. he deposit tends to be coarse and unwor!ed, with angular, poorl" sorted grains in thin, overlapping. #hat !ind of depositional s"stem is it$ Answer : Alluvial fan 3. ' organisation that sets standards and specifications for ships and ship e&uipment manufactured in the 'nited tates. he organisation also ma!es inspections during offshore rig construction. his organiation usuall" called A*. #hat is A* stand for Answer : American Bureau of Shipping (ABS)
+. A condition sometimes encountered in a pumping well when disso lved gas, re leased from solution during the upstro!e of the plunger, appears as free gas between the valves. n the downstro!e, pressure inside a barrel completel" filled with gas ma" never reach the pressure needed to open the traveling valve. n the upstro!e, the pressure inside the barrel never decreases enough for the standing valve to open and allow li&uid to enter the pump. hus no fluid enters or leaves the pump, and the pump is loc!ed. his condition is called. Answer : Gas Lock 5. his is one of the four main comp onents of petr oleum, alo ng with asp haltenes, aromatics and saturates (which include waxes). Aromatics, saturates and this component are also !nown as maltenes. t adds to the stic!iness and viscosit" of heav" oil. #hat is this component called$ Answer : Resin
1. his is a stress that must be applied to a material to ma!e it begin to flow (or to "ield). t is a parameter in the /erschel-*ul!le" rheological model. 0ame this stress Answer : iel! Stress
%. he process b" which unconsolidated sediments become sedimentar" roc!. ediments t"picall" are derived from preexisting roc!s b" weathering, transported and redeposited, and then buried and compacted b" overl"ing sediments. 2ementation causes the sediments to harden, or lithif", into roc!. his process is called..
Answer : lithification
". A record showing variations in wellbore diameter b" depth, indicating undue enlargement due to caving in, washout, or other causes. his log also reveals corrosion, scaling, or pitting inside tubular goods what !ind of log is it$ Answer : caliper log #. his is a device or completion component designed to enable relative movement between
two fixed assemblies in the event of thermal expansion or contraction. he forces generated b" thermal expansion or contraction can be significant. t can prevent an" movement or forces being transmitted to fixed components such as pac!ers or tubing hangers.#hat is the name of the device$ Answer : $%pansion &oint 5. as wit h ver" low flow rate s. 4oun d in sedi mentar" la"e rs of roc! that are cemented together so tightl" that it greatl" hinders the extraction. etting tight gas out usuall" re&uires enhanced technolo g" li!e h"draulic fracturing where fluid is pumped into the ground to ma!e it more permeable. #hat !ind of reservoir is it$ Answer : 'ight gas reservoir
6. A completion comp onent fabri cated as a short sect ion of heav " wall tubul ar with a machined internal surface that provides a seal area and a loc!ing profile. he" are included in most completions at predetermined intervals to enable the installation of flow-control devices, such as plugs and cho!es. wo basic t"pes of this devices are commonl" used7 no-go, and selective landing. #hat is this !ind of completion component$ Answer : ipples
8. #hat is the term inolog" of 4olding, fau lting, and oth er chan ges in shap e of roc! s or minerals in response to mechanical forces such as those that occur in tectonicall" active regions $ Answer : eformation 9. he radius of the approx imate circular shape around a single wellbore from which the h"drocarbon flows into the wellbore. n a single well, it will help determine how man" wells will be needed (and where the" should go) to most efficientl" drain the reservoir. #hat is it$ Answer : rainage ra!ius
:. his is the gas main l" composed of pro pane and butane, which has been li& uefied at low temperatures and moderate pressures. he gas is obtainable from refiner" gases or after the crac!ing process of crude oil. #hat is this t"pe of gas called$ Answer : Li*uefie! petroleum gas
1;. ention three rheological models generall" used b" drilling engineer to approximate
fluid behavior$ Answer : (0) the ewtonian 8o!el< (2) the Bingham 6lastic 8o!el< an! (") the 6ower =Law 8o!el.
6. t is a ma=or branch of enhanced oil recover" processes. t maintains reservoir pressure and improves oil displacement because the interfacial tension between oil and water is reduced. he effect is similar to that of a solution gas drive. #hat is it$ Answer: 8iscile isplacement B,-S -$S'/,
>ention three (3) methods of miscible in=ection$ Answer: 0. vapori1ing gas !rive (gas kering) 2. $nrich95on!ensing gas !rive (Gas iperkaya) ". 5,2 /n&ection #. /nert gas /n&ection
8. n the circuit of tubing !nown @'@ term. #hat does @'@ stand for$ Answer : $%ternal -pset $n! B,-S -$S'/, >ention four parts of uc!er od Bump under the surface
Answer: 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
6lunger +orking Barrel Stan!ing >alves 'raveling >alve Anchor San! 5ontrol iverter 4unction eposite! san! pipe $%ten!e! pump arrel
9. he indicator of water or effluent &ualit", which measures ox"gen demand b" chemical (as distinct from biological) means, using potassium dichromate as the oxidiing agent. #hat is it called$ Answer : 5hemical ,%ygen eman! (5,) B,-S -$S'/, : t is the amount of dissolved ox"gen needed b" aerobic biological organisms in a
bod" of water to brea! down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period.#hat is it$ Answer : Biological ,%ygen eman! (B,)
:. Afterflow of fluid into the wellbore after the well is shut-in at the wellhead. Curing this effect, reservoir effects are mas!ed or distorted, ma!ing it impossible to &uantit" well properties such as permeabilit", s!in, etc. this effect last until pressure is e&ualied between the wellbore and the formation. #hat is the name of this effect$ Answer : +ellore storage B,-S -$S'/, : iven data7
f the oil in well has a densit" of 59 lbmDft 3, and cross-sectional area of the wellbore is 1.191% ft %, determine the storage coefficient this well in *Dpsi Answer : ?.;22 S'B9psi
@ ?.;22 S'B9psi
1;. A t"pe of downhole pac!er that is activated or set b" appl"ing compressive force to the pac!er assembl". Answer : 5ompression7Set 6acker B,-S -$S'/, 0ame 3 t"pes of pac!er settings Answer : 0) 5ompression7set 2) 'ension7set ") 8echanical7set #) 3y!raulic7set
11. A dimensionless function of water saturation describing the capillar" pressure and an attempt at extrapolating capillar" pressure data for a given roc! to roc!s that are similar but with differing permeabilit", porosit" and wetting properties. t assumes that the porous roc! can be modeled as a bundle of non-connecting capillar" tubes. #hat is the name of dimensionless function of water saturation describing the capillar" pressure$ Answer : Leverett J7function B,-S -$S'/, 2alculate the ?-function if the interfacial tension is measured at 5; d"nesDcm. 4urther
reservoir engineering anal"sis indicated that the reservoir is better described at a porosit" value of 16E and an absolute permeabilit" of 1%; md. #ater saturation ;.6. 2apillar" Bressure ;.85 psi Answer : ?.?;2
J (S w )
J (S w )
=
=
;.1%6+
Pc
k
σ cos(θ ) φ
;,85 ;.1%6+ 5;
1%; ;.1:
=
;.;5%
1%. he gas that accumulates in the upper portions of a reservoir where the pressure, temperature and fluid characteristics are conducive to free gas. he energ" provided b"
the expansion of the gas cap provides the primar" drive mechanism for oil recover" in such circumstances. #hat !ind of drive mechanism is it$ Answer : Gas cap B,-S -$S'/, >ention three index calculation of drive mechanism Answer : a. epletion rive /n!e% (/) . Segregation rive /n!e% (S/) c. +ater rive /n!e% (+/) 0". A t"pe of geochemical anal"sis in which a roc! sample is sub=ect to controlled heating in
an inert gas to or past the point of generating h"drocarbons in order to assess its &ualit" as a source roc!, the abundance of organic material in it, its thermal maturit", and the &ualit" of h"drocarbons it might generate or have generated. #hat t"pe of geochemical anal"sis is it$ Answer : 6yrolysis B,-S -$S'/, he solution gas that is liberated from an oil sample during a decline in pressure is
continuousl" removed from contact with the oil, and before establishing e&uilibrium with the li&uid phase. his t"pe of liberation is characteried b" a var"ing composition of the total h"drocarbon s"stem. #hat is the t"pe of this liberation$ Answer : ifferential Lieration
0#. he actual volume occupied b" FnG moles of gas at a specified pressure and temperature,
divided b" the volume occupied b" the same amount of gas at standard conditions is called Answer : Gas formation volume factor (Bg) B,-S -$S'/, 2alculate a value of the gas formation volume factor in (res bblDscf) of a dr" gas with a
specific gravit" of ;,919 at a reservoir temperature of %%;H4 and reservoir pressure of %1;; psig. (f !nown value of I-factor ;,955) Answer : ?
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