Radio Network Optimization

OSS-RC 5 Radio Network Optimization

Agenda OSS-RC RNO Overview RNO for GSM MRR-G NCS-G/NOX FAS/FOX SYROX CCE TET

RNO for WCDMA MRR-W NCS-W NCS-GW

OSS-RC RNO Summary 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Agenda OSS-RC RNO Overview RNO for GSM MRR-G NCS-G/NOX FAS/FOX SYROX CCE TET

RNO for WCDMA MRR-W NCS-W NCS-GW

OSS-RC RNO Summary 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Network Functionality - Summary Functionality factor

Cost of Operation

Network Functionality

O&M Cost

1992

1998

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2004

2010

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Time

Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

OSS RC Radio NW Monitoring & Optimization tools Planning

Tuning

Business Objects

ENIQ EBA Event

Troubleshooting RTTM

EBS (GSM, WCDMA, Core)

Based Applications

FFAX

TEMS Visualization

RPDBI R-PMO, REDE RNDBI SYROX

CCE

NCS (GSM & WCDMA), NOX

RNO

FAS, FOX MRR (GSM & WCDMA) TET PMR

CTR, CER

GM Log

GM Log CTR

PMA 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

MTR

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UETR, GPEH

Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

RNO Advantages ! Centralized operation from the RNO GUI – Recording, file collection & presentation – Seamless Operation for 2G/3G operators

! ! ! !

Measurements from a live network and real mobiles Overview of a large number of cells Timesaving compared to drive tests Areas not accessible can be optimized

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Time savings in Radio Network Optimization ! Frequency optimization: Suggest frequency changes for minimized interference Time saving ~ 95% ! Neighbor identification: to find potential neighbours to add and identify neighbours that can be removed Time saving ~ 99%

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Network improvements give value Example 1 - Quality Improvements ! 0.5% increased call set up success rate and 0.6% reduced call drop rate in a city with 3000K subscribers leads to: ! 1 440 000 USD yearly increased revenue Example 2 – Optimization Neighbor relations ! Drive testing in 2000 cells with measurements, 30 minutes per cell -> 1000 man hours ! Comparable to a few hours of recording with NCS/NOX complemented with STS statistics 0.5 man hours Example 3 – Identification of interference in whole network ! Whole network can be checked for abnormal interference in 2 hours! Example 4 – Optimization of interference and quality ! Using Frequency Allocation Support FAS in a tuned quality network enabled fast identification of interference sources and fine tuning activities resulting in e.g a 50% reduction of DL interference ! 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Example 4 – Optimization of Interference and quality (Result from real optimization project during 2005) The numbers indicate the improvement to a tuned network using RNO FAS measurements, ICDM and external cellplanning tools !! Estimated downlink interference Measured uplink interference

= =

Downlink Quality Triggered Handover Uplink Quality Triggered Handover Handover Fail Handover Drop

= ~ 35 % = ~ 12 % = ~9% = ~7%

Low Quality drops – SDCCH Low Quality drops – TCH Bad Quality Disconnection Bad SQI

= = = =

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~ 50 % ~7%

~8% ~ 9% ~ 11 % ~3%

Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

When can RNO be helpful? ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

Frequency Planning Missing or too many neighbor relations Catastrophy situations, fast re-optimization Bad TCH or BCCH frequencies No dominant server External interference Cell covers too much, wrong position, antenna direction Swapped sectors ACCMIN, MSRXMIN Power control or HCS parameters Bad speech quality Competitor analysis, roaming performance strongest server 2G/3G NCS-GW, find the best WCDMA neighbors 3G NCS-W, handle and optimize WCDMA neighbors 3G RES/MRR-W find cells with bad service quality 3G RES/MRR-W find cells with UL or DL coverage problems

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Radio Network Optimization

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RNO functionality summary ! ! !

! ! ! ! ! ! !

MRR-GSM - analyze radio characteristics, “Seamless Operation” NCS/NOX GSM - find the best GSM neighbors FAS/FOX GSM - find the best frequencies – measurement of internal/ external interference – Create ICDM measurement SYROX - optimization of synchronized radio networks CCE – Evaluating the competitor coverage compared to own TET - find the best hot spot location NCS-GW - find the best WCDMA neighbors in GSM NCS-W – find the best WCDMA neighbors and maintain neighbor list MRR-W Analysing coverage and quality, Seamless Operation Complementary data sources for optimization are: – Statistics and events provided by the features NWS/ENIQ, R-PMO, GPEH, etc...

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Radio Network Optimization

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Installed base Nov. 2006 compared to Nov. 2007 Installed base RNO 80 70 60 50 40 nov-06

30

nov-07

20 10

OSS Systems

2006

2007

GSM

428

474

WCDMA

107

178

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MR RW

NC SW

W NC S-G

SY RO X

TE T

NO X

NC S

FO X

S FA

MR R

0

Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Radio Network Optimization GSM and WCDMA

RNDBI

FOX

SYROX

NCS-GW

RNDBI

NOX-G

RNDBI

FAS

TET RNDBI

RNDBI

MRR-G

NCS-G

CCE

NCS-W

MRR-W

BRF GSM recording application GSM expert application 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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WCDMA recording application GSM-WCDMA recording application 13

Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

RNO WCDMA - Common structure Reports

Recording definition

PMS

RNC

Export

RNO Applications

Measurement data MRR-W NCS-W EBS-W Recording parameters

RBS

Network data

CS

Authentication

TSS

PMS: Performance Management SubSystem CS: Configuration Service TSS: Telecom Security Services 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

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RNO GSM - Common Structure Reports

Recording Definition

BSC

RNO Applications

Export Maps

... Recording Data

GNIP Network data

MRR NCS FAS ...

BSM

Supervision

RBS

Network data Data Collection

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CNAM

Network update Counters

Implementation

CNA

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Radio Network Optimization

Authentication

TSS

SDM

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BSC recording functions Measurement Result

BSC

Serving cell UL

MRR

MRR

Serving cell DL Neighboring cell DL

NCS

NOX

BAR TET SYROX Uplink interference

RIR

FOX

FAS

Measurement Report BSC recording function RNO Application in the OSS

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Radio Network Optimization

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Agenda OSS-RC RNO Overview RNO for GSM MRR-G NCS-G/NOX FAS/FOX SYROX CCE TET

OSS-RC RNO Summary 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

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When can MRR-G be helpful ? ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

Speech Quality Traffic distribution Power control HCS parameters Bad speech quality Cell cover too much (non-urban area) Signal levels ...

What value does MRR-G bring to you? 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

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MRR Network Supervision Supervision

Analysis Verification

Network Performance

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Signal Quality Signal Strength MS Power level BTS Power Red. Timing Advance Path Loss Diff. Path loss

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Implementation

CNA

Radio Network Optimization

Compare Radio Characteristics before and after change of parameters

2008-03-18

MRR Overview Report

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

MRR Overview Histogram BTS power reduction MS power Level

Timing Advance

Path loss

Signal quality

Signal strength

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

MRR Recording Parameters Thresholds ! Recording thresholds can be specified when a new recording is defined ! The following thresholds are available: – – – – – – – – –

RxQual RxLev TA Path Loss Difference FER RxQual and RxLev RxLev and TA FER and RxLev FER and TA

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!

Available filters: – – – – – – –

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Full Rate Enhanced Full Rate Full Rate and Enhanced Full Rate Half Rate AMR Full Rate AMR Half Rate non-AMR Full Rate

Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

When can NCS/NOX be helpful ? ! ! ! ! ! ! !

Missing neighbor relations Too many neighbor relations Find neighbour relations to new cells Cell in wrong position or incorrect antenna direction No dominant server Cell covers too much/little Allows fast re-configuration during catastrophy situations – also FAS/FOX

What value does NCS/NOX bring to you? 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NCS/NOX recording data • BAR is used to find potential neighbors to add • Handover statistics is used to find neighbors that can be removed

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

BAR - Active BA-list Recording Transmit Active BA-list (35, 37, 33)

BSC BSC

Serving Cell

Test frequency Mobile listen for BCCH 35, 37, 33 BCCH 35 BSIC 12

BCCH 33 BSIC 17 Undefined Neighbour Cell

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BCCH 37 BSIC 23

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Defined Neighbour Cells

Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NCS Cell Report

Handover statistics

Reports above Rel. SS threshold 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NCS Recording data

Inter system neighbour relations

Recording thresholds

Test frequencies

Cells to include

Export 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NOX functionality ! Gives recommendations on neighbors to add and remove ! Possibility to accept or reject some or all of the recommendations ! Automatic update of the network – NOX uses a CNA planned area – NOX schedules an update job

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Radio Network Optimization

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When can FAS/FOX be helpful? ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

Bad BCCH/TCH frequency External interference Cell covers too much Cell in wrong position Wrong antenna direction No dominant server (FAS/FOX, NSC-G ) FAS ICDM measurements as input to frequency planning Catastrophy situations, fast re-optimization (NCS-G/NOX )

What value does FAS/FOX bring to you? 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

FAS Uplink Interference ! All TRXs in the cell measures the uplink interference repeatedly on test and configured frequencies ! Use RIR function in the BSC How to see uplink Interference?

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

FAS Downlink Interference ! Measurement Reports from MS on test and configured frequencies are collected ! An ICDM is created and PIT-values are calculated to give an estimation of the downlink interference ! The BAR function in BSC is used to create an ICDM

ICDM – Inter Cell Dependency Matrix PIT – Percentage Interfered Traffic 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

FAS Cell Report example

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

FOX - Frequency Optimization eXpert FAS-recording FAS-recording

Reallocation Reallocation Algorithm Algorithm Recording Recording

Recommended Recommended Change Change Order Order ImplemenImplementation tation

Recommendation Mode

Automatic Mode CNA CNA

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

SYROX Introduction Synchronized Radio Network Optimization Expert

! Provides an easy way to find and maintain parameter settings related to synthesized frequency hopping in a synchronized radio network “Without SYROX this is a very complex task”

! Based on subscriber generated data ! Integrated into RNO and dependant on FAS ICDM ! Trials from real networks show a significant quality improvement when there is high frequency load

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Radio Network Optimization

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SYROX activities SYROX recommendation:

ICDM

FAS

SYROX SYROX algorithm algorithm

MAIO HSN FNOFFSET TSC

CNA or CNAI

Prioritized Cells

Sync Cluster Cell & Freq Information CNA/BRF

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Radio Network Optimization

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SYROX recommendations

Recommended MAIO list 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

When can CCE be helpful ?

OSS-RC 5.2 FAJ 121 1172, CCE

! Benchmarking activities to competitors – Evaluate the coverage of radio access networks belonging to competitor operators – Identify what is the average difference towards a competitor – Compare strengths and weaknesses between own and competitor radio access networks

! Input to a churn rate improvement activity ! Verify improvements to network after tuning activity ! Help when planning expansion of the coverage

All without drive testing! 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Using CCE data Example for management level reports

Cellset/Area

Own Ranking

Competitor X rank

Competitor Y rank

Trend month

Trend year

Stockholm City

2

1

3

Same

Same

Göteborg City

2

1

3

Same

Win

Skåne (region)

1

3

2

Win

Win

Lkpg+Nkpg (Cities)

3

2

1

Lose

Lose

E4 (road)

1

2

3

Win

Same

Norrland

2

1

3

Lose

Same

Arlanda Airport

2

1

3

Same

Lose

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Competitor coverage evaluation ! Uses own terminals to measure on competitors. ! Uses the Competitor Coverage Recording, CCR, in the BSC (07B) ! The result is shown both as detailed reports as well as higher level management reports that give answers on the following: – What is the average difference towards a competitor? – Has the situation changed since last report period? – Has a network enhancements activity given wanted result?

! To get similar accuracy, numerous drive tests need to be performed. ! Measures up to 5000 cells 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

CCE built on RNO Measurement Result

BSC

Serving cell UL

MRR

Serving cell DL

MRR GWNCS

CCE CCR RECORDING

Neighbour cells DL

GWBAR

BAR

NOX

NCS TET

Uplink interference

SYROX

RIR

GSM BTS

FOX

FAS Measurement Report

3G RBS

BSC recording function RNO Application in the OSS

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

CCE - Overview report

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

CCE - Cell Set Report

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

CCE – Cell Report

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Competitor Frequencies Report

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

CCE recording setup

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Operator Benefits ! Simple and reliable: – Very simple handling – anyone can do it – Real customers, real traffic – Fast: hours instead of weeks/months of drive testing

! Knowledge of competitive strengths and weaknesses in the radio access network ! Ability to focus resources (CAPEX or staff) where they make the most impact – addressing churn and quality issues

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

TET Usage ! Estimate: – How much traffic a new cell would take – Quantify off-load in the surrounding cells

The tool is intended to facilitate capacity expansion, where good coverage already exists, e.g. introducing hot spot micro cells.

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

TET - Traffic estimation tool • A test transmitter is used that transmits a BCCHfrequency TEST Transmitter

• The mobiles in the surrounding cells measure the signal strength of the test transmitter

MR:s MR:s

• The test transmitter doesn’t take any traffic TEST Transmitter shown is from ROHDE&SCHWARTZ 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

TET Traffic level chart of Surrounding cells

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Agenda OSS-RC RNO Overview

RNO for WCDMA MRR-W NCS-W NCS-GW

OSS-RC RNO Summary 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Why MRR-W? ! ”If I have an RNC with maybe 800 or more cells and a mix of urban, suburban, outdoor and indoor areas, then I would like to find: – The cells with the worst coverage problems in UL or DL – The cells with the worst voice quality in UL or DL.”

! ”If I have a number of cells with high call drop rates then I would like to investigate the radio environment – Can it be bad coverage in UL or DL? – Can I find any DL interference?”

MRR-W can be used to: • Evaluate and supervise network performance and quality • Perform network tuning and optimization 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

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Advantages of MRR-W ! MRR-W is used for supervision and evaluation of the network performance for a large number of cells ! Unique measurements not available anywhere else ! Measured per service or Spreading Factor ! Find the cells with bad speech quality ! Analyse and optimize the Signal levels (Ec/No and RSCP) for HSDPA (Service=InteractiveHS) ! Analyse the uplink and downlink quality for the Video users ! Find cells with coverage problems in uplink or downlink

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

MRR-W dependency: Radio Environment Statistics - RES ! RES is a measurement function implemented in the RNC – Collects measurements from RNC, RBS and UE

• DL BLER • UE TX Power • DL CPICH Ec/No • DL CPICH RSCP 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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• DL TX Code Power 53

Radio Network Optimization

• UL BLER 2008-03-18

RNO Main Window MRR-W Recording MRR-W Report

Error Log

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

MRR-W New Recording

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

MRR-W Overview Report

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

MRR-W Histogram Report Downlink CPICH Ec/No in dB for Speech

90th Percentile = -12 dB

Downlink CPICH RSCP for Speech

90th Percentile = -107 dBm

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Downlink Speech BLER (%)

UE Transmit Power for Speech (dBm)

Downlink CPICH RSCP for Speech (dBm)

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Uplink Speech BLER (%)

Downlink CPICH Ec/No for Speech (dB)

Downlink Transmit Code Power for Spreading Factor 128

Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Why NCS-W? ! ”Correct Neighbor cell definitions are vital for good WCDMA performance, even more so than for 2G systems.” ! ”Neighbor cell optimization usually requires a lot of manual O&M work and drivetesting” ! ”The network expansion is so fast that it is difficult to keep up”

NCS-W can be used to: • Identify missing and unused neighbor relations • Identify cells that covers too much (causing dropped calls) • Make fast re-optimization when cells are down or during catastrophy situations 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

WCDMA Neighboring Cell Support ! NCS-W can be used to: – Detect missing neighbor cell definitions – Supervise existing neighbor definitions – Evaluate new cell relations after cells are added to the network

New cell

Missing neighbor

Existing neighbors

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

WCDMA Neighboring Cell Support NCS-W Change order (Planned Area) Add: Relation A-B Add: Relation B-A Remove: Relation A-C ....

Update NW

NCS-W Reports

RNC S OS STATS

GPEH

GPEH Events CS Db

Soft handover counters 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

GPEH Events ! Based on GPEH messages: – INTERNAL_SOHO_DS_MISSING_NEIGHBOUR ! Occur when RNC receives event 1a or 1c measurement report and the triggering cell is not included in the Neighbor Set – INTERNAL_SOHO_DS_UNMONITORED_NEIGHBOUR ! Occur when handover proposal is received, where the proposed cell is included in the neighbour set, but not included in the monitored set

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Counters ! NCS-W collects and presents counters that measure WCDMA neighbour relations usage ! The cell relation counters used are: – pmRlAddAttemptsBestCellSpeech – pmRlAddSuccessBestCellSpeech

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NCS-W New Recording WCDMA WCDMA (soft, softer) GSMGSM GSM->WCDMA

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NCS-W Overview Report

Data from GPEH

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Data from soft handover counters

Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NCS-W Cell Report Defined Neighbors

Distance calculated from cells coordinates in the CS database

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NCS-W Cell Report Undefined Neighbors

Guess based on reported SC and data from CS database

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Why NCS-GW? ! ”Correct IRAT neighbor relations are important for reducing dropped calls and improving speech quality” ! ”WCDMA uses GSM as fallback technology when coverage/quality or capacity fails”

NCS-GW can be used for: • Optimization of the GSM to WCDMA neighbor relations • Find missing neighbor relations for WCDMA to GSM IRAT – Inter Radio Access Technology 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NCS-GW Usage ! NCS-GW can be used to: – Find neighboring 3G cell relations to a new GSM cell (network planning) – Find missing neighboring 3G cell relations in the active 3G BAList in GSM cells (network optimization) – Find neighboring 3G cell relations to be removed from the active 3G BA-List in GSM cells (network optimization) – Evaluate neighboring 3G cell relations in GSM cells (network supervision).

! The result will be improved quality and fewer dropped calls

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

Neighbouring Cell Support GSM-WCDMA Integrated in NCS as an add-on

According to FDDMRR or change during rec. to 1, 2 or 3

UMFI (UTRAN Measurment Frequency Information) = Frequency-SC-DIV/NODIV

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NCS-GW Overview Report Top ranked cells with potential new WCDMA neighbor relations to add

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NCS-GW Cell Report Defined Neighbors

Data from MR:s

Data from STS

Data from MR:s Undefined Neighbors 17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

NCS-GW Change Order

When finished, export...

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18

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Radio Network Optimization

2008-03-18