R. B. Kuiper - Evangelismo Teocentrico

 

  M_FJBMEL^CK WMKNMJWYLNK 

TKY   Y. I. @]LTMY 

 

 

LJGLNM 6.  LJWYKG]NNLÞJ 9.  NFTÃW]EK 68 GLK^ ME F]WKY GME M_FJBMEL^CK >.  NFTÃW]EK 98 ME FCKY LJOLJLWK GM GLK^ \ ME M_FJBMEL^CK 7.  NFTÃW]EK >8 EF MEMNNLÞJ ^KIMYFJF GM GLK^ \ ME M_FJBMEL^CK   =.  NFTÃW]EK 78 ME TFNWK GM EF BYFNLF GL_LJF \ ME M_FJBMEL^CK  ?.  NFTÃW]EK =8 EF ^KIMYFJF MEMNNLÞJ GM GLK^ \ ME M_FJBMEL^CK   2.  NFTÃW]EK ?8 GLK^ \ ME TYKTÞ^LWK GME M_FJBMEL^CK  1.  NFTÃW]EK 28 GLK^ \ EF ]YBMJNLF GME M_FJBMEL^CK  8 GLK^ \ ME CMJ^FHM GME M_FJBMEL^CK   6=. NFTÃW]EK 678 GLK^ \ ME NMEK TFYF ME M_FJBMEL^CK   

6?. NFTÃW]EK 6=8 GLK^ \ ME CÌWKGK GME M_FJBMEL^CK  

 

LJWYKG]NNLÞJ ^m afj eembfgk afnmr glstljnlkjms mjtrm efikr clslkjmrf y mvfjbmelsck. Ef efikr clslkjmrf ef rmcltmj f mvfjbmelzfnlþj gm eks jk sfevfgks emhks gm jksktrks0 clmjtrfs qum mvfjbmelsck ms pfrf eks nmrnfjks. Me Gr. Ifvljn` gmoljm clslþj nkck ujf fntlvlgfg gm ef lbemslf pkr ef nufe fjtms gm ef prknefcfnlþj gme Ymljk gm Glks eefcf fe frrmpmjtlclmjtk y om mj Nrlstk, f eks pumieks gm ef tlmrrf, pfrf qum smfj amnaks sus glsnãpueks m ljnkrpkrfreks pkr me ifutlsck f ef nkcujlþj gm eks qum fbufrgfj ef vmjlgf gm su Ymljk. Mj me smjtlgk mstrlntk gme jumvk tmstfcmjtk jk afy fntufecmjtm vmrgfgmrks mvfjbmelstfs. ^m glnm qum me mvfjbmelsck mj jumstrks gãfs cæs qum mstfr mjoknfgk f Glks, sm mjoknf mj me akcirm k mj fqumeeks qum gmimj smr mvfjbmelzfgks. Ef Wmkekbãf gmomjglgf mj me elirk ms ef Ymokrcfgf, ef nufe ljneuym8 ef gkntrljf gm ef trljlgfg, ef gmlgfg gm Nrlstk, me sfnrlolnlk sustltutkrlk, nljnk pujtks gme nfevljlsck8 prmgmstljfnlþj fiskeutf, ef tktfe gmprfvfnlþj aucfjf, ef mxplfnlþj  pfrtlnuefr, ef brfnlf lrrmslstliem, ef mtmrjf smburlgfg gm g m eks nrmymjtms.

NFTÃW]EK 6 GLK^ ME F]WKY GME M_FJBMEL^CK Me Glks Wrljk nkck futkr gme mvfjbmelsck. Me mvfjbmelsck tlmjm rfãnms mj ef Mtmrjlgfg nkj me Tfntuc ^feutls, smbøj eks tmþekbks, k nkjnlelk gm Ymgmjnlþj k gm Tfz0 me nufe nkjslstm mj uj pefj fnkrgfgk pkr me Tfgrm, me Alhk y me Mspãrltu ^fjtk. ]j pefj gm sfevfnlþj gm eks  pmnfgkrms fjtms gm qum me cujgk oumrf. Glks Tfgrm tmjãf qum mjvlfr f su Alhk fe cujgk  pfrf rmglclrek0 rmg lclrek0 me Glks Alhk vmjgrãf vkeujtfrlfcmjtm fe cujgk pfrf bfjfr ef sfevfnlþj pkr pk r su kimglmjnlf afstf ef cumrtm y Glks Mspãrltu ^fjtk fpelnfrãf ef sfevfnlþj f eks pmnfgkrms trfymjgk f meeks ef brfnlf sfevfgkrf. Glks jks fcþ y mjvlþ f su Alhk mj prkplnlfnlþj pkr jumstrks pmnfgks (Nrlstk afieþ gm ef nkclslþj rmnlilgf pkr me Tfgrm). Me Mspãrltu ^fjtk oum mjvlfgk pkr me Tfgrm y me Alhk. Me Glks Wrljk af krgmjfgk qum me Mvfjbmelk smf me cmglk ljglspmjsfiem gm sfevfnlþj. Me Tfgrm nkck futkr gme mvfjbmelsck Gmsgm ef mtmrjlgfg nkclslkjþ fe Alhk pfrf bfjfr ef sfevfnlþj gm eks pmnfgkrms pkr su cumrtm y kimglmjnlf. Ljsplrþ f eks prkomtfs gm ef fjtlbõmgfg pfrf prmfjujnlfr ef vmjlgf gme Glks Alhk mj nfrjm y prmgmnlr qum mjtrfrãf mj ef bekrlf pkr suseks suorlclmjtks. Efj ef ljvltfnlþj pkrsky cmglk gm cæs–(Lsfãfs ―Clrfg f Cl7=899) y smg sfevks tkgks tìrcljks gmEfjzþ efzþtlmrrf pkrqum yk GlksgmyLsfãfs jk afy Krgmjþ eks sfnrlolnlks pfrf tlplolnfr me sfnrlolnlk sfevfgkr gme Alhk mj ef nruz. Fe prljnlplk gme cljlstmrlk pø ielnk gme Glks Akcirm, me pfgrm mjvlþ skirm s kirm Ìe. ―Me Mspãrltu gme ^mökr mstæ skirm cã, pkr nufjtk cm af ujblgk pfrf gfr iumjfs jumvfs f eks pkirms0 cm af mjvlfgk f sfjfr f eks qumirfjtfgks gm nkrfzþj, f prmbkjfr elimrtfg f eks nfutlvks y vlstf f eks nlmbk, f  pkjmr mj elimrtfg f eks kprlclgks y f prmglnfr me fök fbrfgfiem ggme me ^mökr– (^fj ( ^fj Eunfs 78617861 686?) Fckr skimrfjk Fujqum Glks Glk s slj gugf fcf f tkgks eks akcirms, jk nkjnmgm su fckr sfevfgkr f tkgks pkr lbufe. Gmnlr qum Glks fcf tkgfs efs nksfs ms lbjkrfr ef vmrgfgmrf jfturfemzf gme fckr, me nufe skefcmjtm pumgm smr ktkrbfgk f kihmtks nfpfnms gm rmnlilrek. ]jf brfvm kihmnlþj ms qum sm trftf gm cmglr me fckr ljoljltk gm Glks nkj tìrcljks oljltks. Me nrmfgkr ms ljoljltk. \ Ìe ms ljoljltk mj tkgks sus ftrliutks, fsã nkck tfcilìj mj me gm su fckr. Mj uj smrcþj skirm Hufj >86? qum fpfrmnm mj me elirk Me ^fevfgkr gme cujgk pkr Imjhfcãj I. Rfrolmeg, sm folrcf qum ef mxprmslþj ―fe cujgk– gmim smr tkcfgf cæs mj me nkjnmptk gm nufelgfg qum mj me gm nfjtlgfg. Me pujtk nefvm, pkr ek tfjtk, jk ms nuæj brfjgm ms me cujgk k qum nfjtlgfg gm fckr sm jmnmsltf pfrf fifrnfrek tkgk0 sljk qum me cujgk ms tfj cfek qum rmqulmrm uj fckr mxnmslvfcmjtm brfjgm pfrf pkgmr smr fcfgk. Me fckr gm Glks ms uj fckr skimrfjk, jk gmpmjgm gm su kihmtk, nkck me fckr aucfjk. Glks fcf f eks qum skj gmsprmnlfiems y tktfecmjtm rmpueslvks. Ef rfzþj gm pkrqum Glks ems fcf jk rmslgm mj meeks, sljk mj Glks clsck. Ms jfturfe pfrf ujy pfgrm fcfr f Fcf su alhk pkralhk rfzþj gm qum ms nfrjmFckr gm su fijmbfgk nfrjm, aumsk gm su aumsk, sfjbrmaucfjk gm su sfjbrm. f su pkrqum sm fcf f sã clsck. Me akcirm, nrmfgk nkck oum f ef lcfbmj gm Glks, (tfcilìj sm fcf f sã clsck0 y Glks pusk su smeek gm fprkifnlþj mj me fckr prkplk gme smr aucfjk (mj nkjtrfglnnlþj nkj me fckr mbkãstf qum ms tktfecmjtm ktrf nksf) nufjgk em cfjgþ ―fcfræs f tu prþhlck nkck f tl clsck– (Cftmk 686? afnm ef fnefrfnlþj gm qum me sfjtk Glks, fcf skimrfjfcmjtm f pmnfgkrms cmrmnmgkrms gme Ljolmrjk0 y qum ems fcf gm tfe ckgk qum qulsk qum su Alhk ]jlbìjltk, f qulmj fcf nkj tkgk me fckr gm su nkrfzþj ljoljltk, oumrf fe ljolmrjk mj su eubfr. Fckr sfevfgkr Me fckr gm Glks jk sfevf f tkgks, skefcmjtm eks qum nrmmj mj me Alhk tmjgræj ef vlgf mtmrjf. ^l tkgks eks smrms aucfjks oumrfj sfevks, me jøcmrk gm eks sfevfg smrãf føj oljltk0 y ek ljoljltk y ek oljltk skj slcpemcmjtm ljnkcpfrfiems. Me amnak gm qum eks nrmymjtms, y sþek meeks smfj sfevks, jk gmhf gm smr pkr tfjtk ujf rmvmefnlþj gme ljoljltk fckr glvljk. ^lmjgk tkgkpkgmrksks, Glks pkgãf sfevfr f tkgks eks akcirms pkr ef oumrzf. ^lmjgk fckr, msnkblþ sfevfr sþek pkr fckr. Tkr me Mvfjbmelk supelnf nkj fckr f eks pmnfgkrms qum rmspkjgfj f mstm fckr rmnlilmjgk fe Alhk pkr ef om. Glks pkgãf afimr vmjglgk su sfevfnlþj f uj prmnlk. Tmrk jljbøj akcirm pkgãf pfbfr mstm prmnlk. Mj su fckr Glks mjvlþ f su Alhk fe cujgk  pfrf pfbfr pf bfr tkgk me prmnlk y nucpelr tkgk ek rmqumrlgk. ^kirm ef ifsm gm g m fqumeeks fqu meeks cìrltks ìe fakrf kormnm sfevfnlþj fe akcirm nkck uj gkj, qum mstks jk tlmjmj qum afnmr sljk tkcfr. Ef sfevfnlþj gm eks nrmymjtms ms ujf rmvmefnlþj gme fckr gm Glks y ef nkjgmjfnlþj gm eks ljnrìgueks ujf cfjlomstfnlþj gm su hustlnlf. Me ljnrìguek sm iuref gme fckr gm Glks. ^l mstm fckr oumrf pmqumök smrãf uj pmqumök pmnfgk lbjkrfrek0 sl mstm fckr ms brfjgm, ms uj brfj  pmnfgk rmnafzfrek. Tmrk me amnak ms qum tfe fckr ms ljoljltk. Mstk afnm qum su rmnafzfclmjtk smf uj pmnfgk ljoljltk. Jljbujk pumgm smr sfevk slj ef om mj Nrlstk. Glks ems nkjnmgm efs cæs pemjfs imjglnlkjms me Nlmek. Nkcujlþj nkj Glks qum ms me ilmj suprmck gme akcirm pkr tkgfs efs mgfgms gm ef Mtmrjlgfg. Mstrlntfcmjtm afiefjgk, jk ms ef om ek qum sfevf. Glks sfevf pkr me ljstrucmjtk gm ef om lcpfrtlgf nkj fckr skimrfjk pkr me Mspãrltu ^fjtk. Ef om ms mj sã clscf uj gkj gme fckr glvljk. Ef sfevfnlþj ms slmcprm uj gkj elirm gme ljoljltk fckr gm Glks. Fckr ]jlvmrsfe Nrlstk ms gmsnrltk nkck me ^fevfgkr, jk sþek gm eks hugãks, sljk gm tkgks eks akcirms gm tkgf trliu y jfnlþj0 mj ujf pfefirf gm ef aucfjlgfg. Mstf ms ujf ofsm gme ujlvmrsfelsck gm ef jumvf glspmjsfnlþj y prmsmjtf uj fckr ujlvmrsfe gm pfrtm gm Glks. Mj 6ª gm Hufj 989, sm jks glnm qum Nrlstk ms ef prkplnlfnlþj pkr jumstrks  pmnfgks0 y ―jk sþek pkr eks jumstrks, sljk pkr eks gm tkgk me cujgk–. Mstk slbjlolnf qum tkgk cujgk akcirm, smræ sfevf nkemntlvfcmjtm, fujqum Jk qulmrmmegmnlr qum gme tkgks eks ljglvlguks smræj sfevks, sljk qum tkgksjk eksglstrliutlvfcmjtm. sfevfgks nkjstltulræj ef vmrgfgmrf aucfjlgfg rmjkvfgf, qum smræ ef aucfjlgfg rmfe. Glks af krgmjfgk qum me Mvfjbmelk smf prknefcfgk cæs feeæ y jks gmnefrf mj su Tfefirf qum ìe gmsmf ef sfevfnlþj gm tkgks eks pmnfgkrms fenfjzfgks pkr me Mvfjbmelk.

NFTÃW]EK >  EF MEMNNLÞJ ^KIMYFJF GM GLK^ \ ME M_FJBMEL^CK Gmsgm ef mtmrjlgfg Glks af krgmjfgk tkgfs efs nksfs qum tlmjm qum knurrlr. Ef memnnlþj ms me  prkpþsltk ljcutfiem gm Glks pkr me nufe fjtms gm ef oujgfnlþj gme cujgk, Ìe, pkr purf brfnlf, nkjokrcm f su vkeujtfg iumjf y skimrfjf, msnkblþ gm tkgf ef rfzf aucfjf qum afiãf nfãgk pkr suqulmj prkplf nuepftkgf y gmstrunnlþj, jøcmrk gm pmrskjfs smr rmglclgfs mj Nrlstk, gmsgm ef mtmrjlgfgf uj oumnlmrtk gmslbjfgk nkck oujgfgkrpfrf y nfimzf gm eks

 

memblgks y oujgfcmjtk gm sfevfnlþj. Me fckr skimrfjk gm ef Memnnlþj Ef ifsm gm ef Memnnlþj jk rfglnf mj eks memblgks, sljk mj Glks. Ef om sfevfgkrf ms uj gkj gm Glks f eks memblgks pkr cmglk gm ef nufe sm rmfelzf me prkpþsltk gm su memnnlþj (Momslks 981) ms ujf gm sus nkjsmnumjnlfs. Glks msnkblþ ―smbøj me iumj prkpþsltk gm su vkeujtfg– (Momslks 68=) Ef memnnlþj ms ljnkjglnlkjfe. Glks gmnrmtþ qum nlmrtks akcirms smrãfj sfevfgks pkr ef om mj Nrlstk. Eks tmþekbks gm Rmstcljstmr, tmjãfj rfzþj nufjgk folrcfifj qum eks memblgks skj gmslbjfgks pfrtlnuefrcmjtm y gm, uj ckgk ljcutfiem, y qum su jøcmrk ms tfj nlmrtfcmjtm gmoljlgk qum jk pumgm smr fucmjtfgk jl glscljulgk–. Vum jfglm plmjsm qum Glks melblþ f nlmrtfs pmrskjfs friltrfrlfcmjtm pfrf ef sfevfnlþj. Ems msnkblþ pkrqum ems fcþ. Ykcfjks 189< glnm8 ―F eks qum nkjknlþ f mstks tfcilìj t fcilìj prmgmstljþ pfrf smr nkjokrcms f ef lcfbmj gm su alhk–. ^l sm prmbujtf »pkr quì Glks gmsgm ef Mtmrjlgfg fcþ pfrf ef sfevfnlþj f febujks akcirms glstljbulìjgkeks gm ktrks; Jks tknf auclegmcmjtm nkjomsfr jumstrf lbjkrfjnlf. Cæs ilmj qum afeefr ofetf mj Glks pkr su hustk trftk nkj nlmrtks pmnfgkrms qum cmrmnmj me ljolmrjk, gmimcks fgkrfrem pkr su fckr mtmrjk, brftultk, pfrf ktrks qum sþek cmrmnãfj ef nkjgmjfnlþj. Vum Glks msnkblþ f eks suyks mj Nrlstk, gmim slbjlolnfr qum mj me Nkjsmhk gm Memnnlþj, Glks eks vlk nkck pmrtmjmnlmjtms f Nrlstk0 mj ktrfs pfefirfs8 qum eks msnkblþ mj me fckr pkr me nufe ìe fcf fe Alhk. Me Mvfjbmelsck rmqumrlgk pkr ef Memnnlþj ^m af submrlgk febujfs vmnms qum ef memnnlþj afnm supmroeuk me Mvfjbmelsck. ―^l me gmnrmtk gm memnnlþj ms ljcutfiem… »quì jmnmslgfg tlmjmj gme Mvfjbmelk; »Jk smræj sfevks eks memblgks, krf qum klbfj me Mvfjbmelk k jk;– Fujqum ef memnnlþj ms gmsgm ef mtmrjlgfg su rmfelzfnlþj ms uj prknmsk gm tlmcpk. Ef skimrfjãf gm Glks jk gmim smr mqulpfrfgf nkj su pkgmr kcjlpktmjtm. Ef prmkrgmjfnlþj jk ms nkfnnlþj, jl sustltuym ef elimrtfg. Nfgf vmrgfgmrk nkjvmrtlgk sm vumevm vkeujtfrlfcmjtm f Glks. Ìstf iumjf glspkslnlþj ms smburfcmjtm uj gkj gm Glks nkjnmglgk mj me jumvk jfnlclmjtk. Vum jfglm supkjbf qum ef skimrfjãf gme gmnrmtk gm Glks sm rmolmrm sþek f eks oljms, nkj mxneuslþj gm cmglks. Glks jk skefcmjtm gmnrmtþ qum nlmrtk pmnfgkr amrmgfrãf ef vlgf mtmrjf, sljk qum su gmnrmtk lcpelnf qum me tfe pmnfgkr rmnlilræ ef vlgf mtmrjf pkr su om mj Nrlstk y kitmjgræ mstf om pkr cmglk gme Mvfjbmelk. Ef skimrfjãf gm Glks jk pumgm smr lcfbljfgf meuglmjgk ef rmspkjsfilelgfg gme akcirm. Wkgkmefqume qum fnmptf Ilielf nkj om auclegm, nkck ljofeliem pfefirf gm Glks, afræ tfjtk prmglnfgkr gme ef Mvfjbmelk gmim gmnlr fe  pmnfgkr, jk cmrfcmjtm qum ef sfevfnlþj ms mxpeãnltfcmjtm pkr brfnlf skimrfjf, sljk tfcilìj qum f olj gm smr sfevk gmim nrmmr mj Hmsunrlstk nkck f ^fevfgkr y ^mökr. Tkr uj efgk, tlmjm qum prknefcfr qum ef memnnlþj glvljf ms smburf pfrf eks sfevks, pkr me ktrk efgk gmim fgvmrtlr qum ―me qum jk nrmm mj me Alhk jk vmræ ef vlgf, sljk qum ef lrf gm Glks mstæ skirm ìe– (Hufj >8>?).  >8>?).  Wkgks eks memblgks gm Glks gmimj smr sfevks, jljbujk gm meeks pumgm pmrmnmr0 y me Mvfjbmelk ms me cmglk pkr me nufe Glks ems nkjnmgm ef om sfevfgk rf. ―Ef om vlmjm pkr me kãr y me kãr pkr ef Tfefirf gm Glks– (Ykcfjks 64862) Ms ujlvmrsfe, pkrqum Glks tlmjm sus memblgks mj nfgf jfnlþj y mj nfgf akbfr. Ef Lbemslf nkjslstm mj ―memblgks gm tkgf jfnlþj–. Glks qulmrm qum me Mvfjbmelk smf trfãgk pkr tkgk me cujgk, y mj tkgk tlmcpk, f olj gm qum ef sucf tktfe gm eks pumgf―_ksktrks smr rmujlgf.skls Ef pumiek Msnrlturfmsnkblgk, mjsmöf qum memnnlþj oum pfrf  iumjfs kirfs. ^fjmemblgks Tmgrk glnm8 pfrfef qum fjujnlìls efs

 

vlrtugms gm fqume qum ks af eefcfgk gm efs tljlmiefs f su euz fgclrfiem–(6ª gm Tmgrk 988 >?), qum mj me gãf gme hulnlk smjtmjnlfræ f eks ljhustks fe oumbk mtmrjk prmpfrfgk pfrf me glfiek y sus æjbmems (Cftmk 9=8 76-7?) y qum ms fqume uj eubfr gkjgm me busfjk jk cumrm y me oumbk jujnf sm fpfbf (Cfrnks ). Trmnlsfcmjtm me fckr gm Glks ms ljoljltk eks qum rmslstmjgmfljoljltfs fnmptfrekprkpkrnlkjms cmrmnmj me  pmkr ljolmrjk. pkrqum Tumstk qum me fckr gm Glks ms ljoljltk, ms ujsmpmnfgk p rkpkrnlkjms  iurefrsm gm Ìe. Glks af cfjlomstfgk cfj lomstfgk su fckr ljoljltk mjvlfjgk f su Alhk ujlbìjltk fe cujgk f ckrlr pkr eks lcpãks (Ykcfjks =8?)0 y nkj fckr ljoljltk fsmburf f eks pmnfgkrms, pkr tkgfs pfrtms, qum Ìe qulmrm qum tkgks eks akcirms smfj sfevks (6ª ( 6ª Wlcktmk 987) y ―qum jljbujk pmrmznf, sljk qum tkgks vmjbfj fe frrmpmjtlclmjtk– (9ª Tmgrk >8). 69 -6>). Eks hugflzfjtms clrfifj su prkplk ilmj y bekrlf. Jksktrks tfcilìj jmnmsltfcks aky gãf  pkjmrjks mj bufrgl bufrglff nkjtrf eks cktlvks mbkãstfs gme Mvfjbmelsck. Me cljlstrk qum qulslmrf smr clslkjmrk gm uj pumiek ftrfsfgk f olj gm msnfpfr f ef tfrmf gloãnle gm mgunfr f uj fugltkrlk gm pmrskjfs mgunfgfs mj su pftrlf, ms nuepfiem gm mbkãsck. Lbufecmjtm me clslkjmrk qum sm gmemltf mj ef fvmjturf pkr mjnlcf, k fe pfr, qum nkj ef mvfjbmelzfnlþj. ^l ujk slmjtm ujf nkcpueslþj ljtmrjf f mvfjbmelzfr, uj fjamek qum em eemvf f jk tmjmr rmpksk afstf qum sm mjtrmbf f mstf tfrmf, pumgm nkj iumjf nkjnlmjnlf gfr su vlgf f efs tfrmfs gme Mvfjbmelsck. Jk gmim afnmrek skefcmjtm pfrf su prkplf sftlsofnnlþj, gmim mjtrmbfrsm f ef kirf gm Mvfjbmelzfnlþj, prljnlpfecmjtm pfrf trfmr me Mvfjbmelk f ktrfs fecfs, y skirm tkgk  pkr fckr f Glks, me futkr gm mstm lcpuesk y gmsmk. Me fckr fe prþhlck nkck cktlvk gme Mvfjbmelsck Me nrlstlfjk fe trfmr me Mvfjbmelk f eks jk sfevks, gmim smr lcpuesfgk pkr me fckr f meeks, cktlvk fetfcmjtm jmnmsfrlk. Ef Ilielf afief gm gks nefsms gm fckr fe prþhlck8 pkr uj efgk rmnkjknm qum me akcirm jk rmbmjmrfgk ms nfpfz gm fcfr f sus smcmhfjtms, y f cmjugk ek afnm. Hmsøs glnm8 ―^l fcfr mls fcfr mls f eks qum ks fcfj, »quì rmnkcpmjsf tmjgrìls; Ek clsck afnmj eks pmnfgkrms0 pums tfcilìj eks pmnfgkrms fcfj f fqumeeks qum ems fcfj– (Eunfs ?8>9) Tmrk f sus glsnãpueks ems fckjmstþ glnlmjgk8 ―Fcfg f vumstrks mjmclbks, afnmg ilmj f eks qum ks fikrrmnmj– (Eunfs ?892). Me prlcmr fckr ms prkguntk gm ef brfnlf nkcøj gm Glks, me smbujgk ms prkguntk gm ef brfnlf sfevfgkrf, irktf gme fckr f Glks. Efs gks tfiefs gm ef emy8 ef prlcmrf qum rmqumrãf fckr f Glks y ef smbujgf qum krgmjfif fckr fe prþhlck, skj ljsmpfrfiems. Ef smbujgf mstæ  ifsfgf mj ef prlcmrf. Wmjmcks qum fcfr f jumstrks prþhlcks pk pkrqum rqum fcfcks f Glks0 sþek nufjgk afnmcks mstk ems fcfcks nkck Glks qulmrm. Ef emy gm Glks jks glnm qum fcmcks f Glks pkrqum sm ek cmrmnm, y fslclsck qum fcmcks f jumstrks smcmhfjtms, pkrqum Glks sm ek cmrmnm. ^þek eks qum afj slgk jfnlgks gme Mspãrltu gm Glks, y pkr, ek tfjtk, fcfj f sus

 

 prþhlcks pkrqum Glks ems fcf, y føj f sus mjmclbks pkrqum Glks fcf y ―imjglnm føj f eks qum em cfeglnmj–, cfjlolmstfj smr alhks gme Tfgrm nmemstlfe nme mstlfe (Cftmk =877-7=). Me ^mökr Hmsøs rkbþ pkr eks qum em nefvfifj mj ef nruz8 ―Tfgrm pmrgþjfems pkrqum jk sfimj ek qum afnmj– (Eunfs8 9>->7) 9> ->7) Me fckr gm Glks nkck cktlvk gme Mvfjbmelsck Wfjtk me fckr  prkplk nkck fe prþhlck skj cktlvks gme Mvfj Mvfjbmelsck bmelsck fgmnufgks skefcmjtm nufjgk pfrtmj gme fckr f Glks. Me øetlck cktlvk gme Mvfjbmelsck ms me fckr f Glks. Nkj ormnumjnlf me nrlstlfjk omrvkrksk afeef føj gloãnle fcfrsm f sã clsck f nfusf gm sus pmnfgks y gmilelgfgms y f nfusf gm meeks sm fikrrmnm f vmnms f sã clsck0 pmrk jk afy tfe glolnuetfg mj nufjtk fe fckr f Glks mj Nrlstk. Me nrmymjtm sfim qum Glks clsck ms fckr mj sã, pums ―Glks ms Fckr– (6ª Hufj 781-6?) 781-6?) Mj ef jmbfnlþj, Tmgrk afiãf trflnlkjfgk su fpkstkefgk0 pmrk mj su brfnlf skirmfiujgfjtm, me ^mökr rmsunltfgk qulsk rmstfurfrem f su mxfetfgk kolnlk. Mj me cfr gm Wlimrlfs, em oum prmsmjtfgf pkr trms vmnms ef prmbujtf8 ―^lcþj, alhk gm Hkjæs »cm fcfs;– Mrf ujf prmbujtf aucleefjtm, yf jk mrf Tmgrk, k smf ef rknf. ^u fckr fe ^fevfgkr oum pumstk f prumif, y nkj rfzþj. Oum jmnmsfrlk qum sus rmspumstfs ikrrfrfj su fjtmrlkr jmbfnlþj. Wfj sþek gmspuìs qum me ^fevfgkr, auik rmnlilgk smburlgfg fnmrnf gme fckr gm Tmgrk, em mjnfrbþ8 ―Fpfnlmjtf cls kvmhfs–, ―fpfnlmjtf cls nkrgmrks–, y ―felcmjtf cls kvmhfs– (Hufj 9686=-62). Wkgk fqume qum qulmrf trfmr me Mvfjbmelk gm Nrlstk, jmnmsltf mstfr lcpuesfgks pkr uj sljnmrk fckr f Nrlstk. Mj 9ª gm Nkrljtlks =867-6=, me fpþstke ljglnf qum me fckr qum Nrlstk ems cfjlomstþ fe ckrlr pkr meeks, gmimrãf nkjtrkefrems gm tfe cfjmrf qum gm fquã mj fgmefjtm jk vlvlmrfj pfrf sã clsck, sljk pfrf Ìe. Eks glsnãpueks gme ^mökr em fcfj pkrqum Ìe ems fcþ prlcmrk (6ª Hufj 786). ]j prkpþsltk slbjlolnftlvk gme Mvfjbmelsck ms ef gmnefrfnlþj gme Ymljk gm ef Brfnlf, pkr ef nkjvmrslþj gm eks pmnfgkrms y su fglnlþj f ef Lbemslf. Gmimcks pmrsufglr f eks akcirms f qum rmnkjkznfj f Nrlstk nkck Ymy mj tkgks eks fspmntks gm ef vlgf aucfjf. Jumstrf mgfg ms ujf ìpknf gm smnuefrlsck. Ef vlgf sm glvlgm mj gks nkcpfrtlcmjtks amrcìtlnfcmjtm nmrrfgks mjtrm sã8 ek rmelblksk y ek smnuefr. Ef rmelblþj jk sm rmefnlkjf nkj eks jmbknlks, ef pkeãtlnf y ef vlgf glfrlf. ^lj mcifrbk, me rmljk gm Nrlstk jk sm mxtlmjgm skefcmjtm skirm ef Lbemslf, sljk skirm ef sknlmgfg

 

mj tkgfs sus rfclo lnfnlkjms. lnfnlkjms. ―Mjsmöfgems f qum bufrgmj tkgfs efs nksfs qum yk ks am mjsmöfgk– (Cftmk 91894) Gks tlpk gm Wktfeltfrlsck afj mstfgk eunafjgk pkr ef suprmcfnãf,  pkr uj efgk me Mstfgk Wktfeltfrlk, pkr me ktrk, ef Lbemslf Wktfeltfrlf. Fciks skj ljcmjsks cfems, y ¡fy gm ef aucfjlgfg sl fciks alnlmrfj nfusf nkcøj! Tmrk fe efgk gm mstks vfjks ljtmjtks tktfeltfrlks afy uj vmrgfgmrk Bkimrjfjtm y ^mökr, qum ms ―nfimzf gm ef Lbemslf– (Nkeksmjsms 6861) ^u jkcirm ms8 Me Nrlstk gm Glks. Me rmnkjknlclmjtk ujlvmrsfe gm su Ymljfgk tktfeltfrlk, ms uj prkpþsltk msmjnlfe gme Mvfjbmelsck. Ef Bekrlf gm Glks Me øetlck prkpþsltk gm tkgfs efs nksfs ms ef bekrlf gm Glks. ―Tkr Ìe pfrf Ìe y mj Ìe skj nrmfgfs tkgfs efs nksfs, fe nufe smf bekrlf pkr eks slbeks fcìj– (Ykcfjks 668>=) Ef sfevfnlþj gm efs fecfs, me nrmnlclmjtk gm ef Lbemslf gm Nrlstk y føj ef vmjlgf gm su Ymljk pkr lcpkrtfjtms qum smfj fntufecmjtm, rmprmsmjtfj tfj sþek cmglks pfrf uj olj cæs fetk0 me cæs fetk gm tkgks8 Ef bekrlf gm Glks. Me rmnkjknlclmjtk ujlvmrsfe gm su smökrãkk smræ ―ef bekrlf gm Glks me Tfgrm– (Olelpmjsms 9866).  smökrã 9866).  

NFTÃW]EK 64 GLK^ \ ^] FBMJWM TFYF ME M_FJBMEL^CK Ef Lbemslf nrlstlfjf oum me fbmjtm jkcirfgk pkr Glks pfrf ef mvfjbmelzfnlþj gme cujgk. ^lj mcifrbk, fe afnmr mstf folrcfnlþj, tmjmcks qum cmglr ilmj me tìrcljk ―Lbemslf–. Mj mstm nkjtmxtk afy gks rmomrmjnlfs8 ef lbemslf nkck krbfjlzfnlþj, kirfjgk pkr cmglk gm sus kolnlfems mspmnlfems, y ef Lbemslf nkck uj nkjhujtk gm nrmymjtms, nfgf ujk gm eks nufems tlmjm uj kolnlk bmjmrfe k ujlvmrsfe. Ef lbemslf nkck ujf krbfjlzfnlþj Nfgf lbemslf tlmjm nlmrtf cmglgf gm krbfjlzfnlþj. Ef Ilielf mjsmöf nefrfcmjtm qum me Mvfjbmelsck ms tfrmf gm ef Lbemslf krbfjlzfgf. Ef Lbemslf mcpmzþ f mxlstlr mj me hfrgãj gme Mgìj0 slj mcifrbk, brfjgms nfcilks tuvlmrkj eubfr mj ef Lbemslf nufjgk me Mspãrltu ^fjtk oum gmrrfcfgk skirm meef. ]jk gm mstks nfcilks oum, nkck sm af glnak, ef trfjslnlþj gme jfnlkjfelsck fe ujlvmrsfelsck0 ktrk, ef smpfrfnlþj gm ef Lbemslf y me Mstfgk, tmjãf qum smr smpfrfgf gme Mstfgk hugãk. Gm tfe cfjmrf, mj Tmjtmnkstìs jk sm cfrnf me jfnlclmjtk gm ef Lbemslf nrlstlfjf nkck tfe, cfrnf me jfnlclmjtk gm ef krbfjlzfnlþj Jmk-tmstfcmjtfrlf gm ef Lbemslf. Ms ef Lbemslf mj mstm smjtlgk, qum nfpfnltfgf pkr me Mspãrltu ^fjtk, tmstlolnfrãf gm Nrlstk mj Hmrusfeìj, mj ^fcfrlf y afstf ek øetlck gm ef tlmrrf (Amnaks 681). Me mvfjbmelstf, jk mrf uj nufrtk kolnlk mj ef lbemslf fpkstþelnf mj fglnlþj f eks trms kolnlks gm8 fjnlfjk-prmslgmjtm, fjnlfjk-cfmstrk y glænkjk. Nrlstk, ef nfimzf gm ef lbemslf, tlmjm eks trms kolnlks gm Ymy, Trkomtf y ^fnmrgktm, y eks trms cmjnlkjfgks kolnlks em rmprmsmjtfj mj mstm trlpem fspmntk. ]j nufrtk kolnlk mj ef Lbemslf, rmefnlkjfgk nkj eks trms, ms gloãnlecmjtm lcfbljfiem. Ef lbemslf ms uj fbmjtm krbfjlzfgk smöfefgk pkr Glks pfrf me Mvfjbmelsck, tkgks sus clmcirks tlmjmj me gmimr gm trfmr me Mvfjbmelk f eks qum jk skj sfevks. Ef oujnlþj gm mvfjbmelstf ms pumstf mjtrm ef oujnlþj tmcpkrfe gm eks fpþstkems y prkomtfs y ef oujnlþj pmrcfjmjtm gm eks pfstkrms y gkntkrms. Gmsgm ef Ymokrcf gme ^lbek QLQ me Trktmstfjtlsck af mjsmöfgk qum afy trms smöfems qum glstljbumj ef Lbemslf gm ef ofesf. Mstfs skj8 ef sfjf prmglnfnlþj gm ef Tfefirf gm Glks0 ef fgcljlstrfnlþj gm eks sfnrfcmjtks smbøj eks prmnmptks gm Nrlstk, y me olme mhmrnlnlk gm ef glsnlpeljf mnemslæstlnf. Tkgmcks gmnlr qum f mstks trms prljnlplks pkgmcks föfglr uj nufrtk8 Ef mvfjbmelzfnlþj gm eks qum jk skj sfevks. Me Mvfjbmelsck ms ef msmjnlf gm ef vmrgfgmrf lbemslf. Ìstf gmim prkvmmr ef mgunfnlþj gm mvfjbmelstfs. Ef Lbemslf nkck uj krbfjlsck Nfgf nrmymjtm tlmjm me trlpem kolnlk gm

 

 prkomtf, sfnmrgktm y rmy. Mstk sm gmnefrf mj 6ª Tmgrk 98< ―_ksktrks skls bmjmrfnlþj msnkblgf, rmfe sfnmrgknlk, bmjtm sfjtf pumiek fgqulrlgk0 pfrf qum fjujnlìls efs vlrtugms gm Fqume qum ks af eefcfgk gm efs tljlmiefs f su euz euz fgclrfiem– Ms me gmimr gm tkgk sfnmrgktm y rmy mj me smjtlgk msplrltufe, prknefcfr efs mxnmemjnlfs gm su ^fevfgkr. Nfgf slcpem nrmymjtm ms uj fbmjtm krgmjfgk gm Glks pfrf me Mvfjbmelsck, tlmjm qum smcirfr ef smcleef gme Mvfjbmelk pkr gkqulmrf. Fe afnmr mstk, me nrmymjtm jk ek afnm gm uj ckgk fiskeutfcmjtm pfrtlnuefr, sljk nkck uj clmcirk gme numrpk gm Nrlstk, qum ms ef Lbemslf. Ek qum me nrmymjtm gmim afnmr nkck ljglvlguk gmim afnmrek tfcilìj mj nkefikrfnlþj nkj ktrks nrmymjtms. Knurrm cunafs vmnms qum nfcpföf clslkjmrfs y gm mvfjbmelsck skj eemvfgfs f nfik pkr lbemslfs k sknlmgfgms, ljgmpmjglmjtms gme nkjtrke mnemslæstlnk. Mstk jk gmimrãf gm smr gm uj ckgk krgljfrlk. Afy qum afnmr tkgk ek pksliem pfrf pmrsufglr f ef Lbemslf krbfjlzfgf f qum rmfelnm su gmimr y ek rmfelnm ilmj. Wfjtk ef Lbemslf nkck ujf krbfjlzfnlþj nkck ef Lbemslf mj nfelgfg gm krbfjlsck, skj fbmjtms krgmjfgkr pkr Glks pfrf ef mvfjbmelzfnlþj0 jk tlmjmj qum trkpmzfr ef ujf nkj ef ktrf, pums skj gks fspmntks gm ef clscf kirf gme numrpk gm Nrlstk.

NFTÃW]EK 66  EF LBEM^LF \ EF WFNWLNF GME M_FJBMEL^CK Wfj sþek pkr ef brfnlf gme Mspãrltu ^fjtk pumgm febulmj jfnmr ktrf vmz. Gm faã sm slbum qum fe nkjslgmrfr ef tæntlnf gme Mvfjbmelsck, jk gmimcks supkjmr qum afy mj me akcirm jfturfe febøj ilmj msplrltufe qum afnm su nkrfzþj oìrtle f ef smcleef gme Mvfjbmelk. ^þek nufjgk me Mspãrltu ^fjtk em af gfgk uj nkrfzþj gm nfrjm mj vmz gme nkrfzþj gm plmgrf (Mzmqulme 66868 1-9>) »Mj quì smjtlgk  pums, gmimcks afiefr gm ef tæntlnf gme Mvfjbmelsck; Ef jfturfemzf rmelblksf gme akcirm Me akcirm oum nrmfgk f ef lcfbmj y smcmhfjzf gm Glks (Bìjmsls 689?)0 mstk em glstljbum gm efs ktrfs nrlfturfs tmrrmjfs. Nufjgk me akcirm nfyþ mj pmnfgk, ef lcfbmj gm Glks, suorlþ uj ljnfenuefiem gfök0 slj mcifrbk jk oum tktfecmjtm ikrrfgf. ]jk gm eks fspmntks cæs prkcljmjtms gm ef lcfbmj glvljf qum afj qumgfgk mj me akcirm su ―smjsus glvljltftls–, k smf smjtlgk gm ef glvljlgfg, pmrk nkj tkgf smburlgfg, tfcilìj mstm ms tm gkj af slgk fjtms nkrrkcplgk0 emmcks(Ykcfjks qum nfcilþ ef vmrgfg Glks cmjtlrf yofesfs slrvlþEff ef nrlfturf qum me pums Nrmfgkr– 689=) _mrgfggmmj efspkr rmelblkjms Alstkrlf gm ef rmelblþj iusnf rmspumstf f ef prmbujtf gm nþck sm krlbljþ me smjtlclmjtk rmelblksk0 pmrk mstk jk pumgm smr gmtmrcljfgk skirm ujf ifsm alstþrlnf. Ef rmelblþj oum krlbljfgf mj tlmcpks prmalstþrlnks, pkr ek tfjtk eks alstkrlfgkrms afj slgk kielbfgks f fgkptfr mxpelnfnlkjms pslnkeþblnfs nkj rmspmntk fe krlbmj gm ef rmelblþj. Ef øjlnf cfjmrf  pkr ef nufe jksktrks pkgmcks kkitmjmr itmjmr uj nkjknlclmjtk nlmrtk gm eks akcirms pr prmalstþrlnks malstþrlnks ms pkr ef rmvmefnlþj gm Glks. ^kirm mstm fsujtk mxlstmj gks tmjgmjnlfs. Ef jfturfelstf mjsmöf qum me akcirm prlcltlvk, gm su prkplf ljlnlftlvf eembþ f uj nkjknlclmjtk ruglcmjtfrlk gm Glks y qum mj me nursk gm ef alstkrlf, pkr cmglk gm ef rmnmpnlþj aucfjf y ef mxpmrlmjnlf, me nkjnmptk oum purlolnfgk y mjjkiemnlgk. ^m af glnak qum me ckjktmãsck ms tkgk uj gmsfrrkeek pkstmrlkr, y qum pkr msk me elirk gme Gmutmrkjkclk, qum ljslstm mj qum afy uj skek Glks (Gmutmrkjkclk ?87) jk  pumgm afimr slgk msnrltk pk pkrr Cklsìs. Efs msnrlturfs glnmj qum me prlcmr akcirm oum o um nrmfgk

 

f ef lcfbmj gme Nrmfgkr y pksmyþ uj vmrgfgmrk nkjknlclmjtk gm Glks, fsã nkck hustlnlf y sfjtlgfg (Nke. >864, Momslks 7897). ^þek nufjgk nfyþ mj pmnfgk me nkjknlclmjtk gm Glks oum nkrrkcplgk y mstf sltufnlþj oum rmstfurfgf gmspuìs pkr ef rmvmefnlþj skirmjfturfe. Wkgfs efs rmelblkjms skj ofesfs pkrqum smöfefj f ofesks glksms y ofesks nfcljks gm sfevfnlþj. Wkgfs efs rmelblkjms gme cujgk skj nkrrupnlkjms gm ef vmrgfgmrf rmelblþj krlbljfe, y qum afy ujf brfj nfjtlgfg gm memcmjtks gm vmrgfg mj tfems rmelblkjms. Wkgfs efs rmelblkjms tlmjmj gks nrmmjnlfs mj nkcøj8 ef om mj uj smr skirmjfturfe y ef nrmmjnlf mj ef ljckrtfelgfg gme fecf aucfjf. F mstk sm gmim föfglr qum tlmjmj gks præntlnfs mj nkcøj, ef krfnlþj y efs kormjgfs. Ef Brfnlf nkcøj gm Glks Ef Ilielf mjsmöf mjoætlnfcmjtm, qum ef  ikjgfg gm Glks y føj su cfykr fckr sm mxtlmjgm f tkgfs efs nrlfturfs r fnlkjfems. fnlkjfems. ―Iumjk ms me ^mökr pfrf nkj tkgks– (^feck 67=81-?) Me fnuglr pfrf sfevfnlþj fe Nrlstk gm ef Tfefirf ^fjtf, ms mj sã clsck uj fntk gm om. Ef Tfefirf gm Glks y ef nkjguntf mhmcpefr Glks pumgm mcpemfr pfrf ef sfevfnlþj gm efs fecfs me Mvfjbmelk gm vmrgfg, prmglnfgk pkr iknf gm uj ljolme k uj alpþnrltf. ^lj mcifrbk, me qum mjsmöf ef Tfefirf gm Glks f ktrk y jk ms afnmgkr gm e f clscf, jk tlmjm gmrmnak f mspmrfr ef  imjglnlþj glvljf skirm su mjsmöfjzf, pkrqum ek qum afnm nkjtrfglnm nkjtrfgl nm ek qum mjsmöf. Tkr ktrk efgk, jk ms hustk eembfr f ef nkjneuslþj gm qum ujf vlgf sfjtf y mhmcpefr pumgm tkcfr me eubfr gme Mvfjbmelk y afnmrek supmroeuk. Eks qum cfjtlmjmj qum uj mhmcpek gm sfjtlgfg pumgm sustltulr me Mvfjbmelk, jk mstæj mj me tmrrmjk iãielnk. Mstæ nefrk qum føj nufjgk me mvfjbmelstf tlmjm me sfbrfgk gmimr gm nkjolrcfr su cmjsfhm nkj ujf nkjguntf nrlstlfjf mhmcpefr, ef vlgf sfjtf jk ms uj sustltutk fe mvfjbmelk afiefgk. Ef Tfefirf gm Glks y ef mxpmrlmjnlf rmelblksf Ef nkjvlnnlþj gm  pmnfgk, me frrmpmjtlclmjtk afnlf Glks y ef om mj Nrlstk prkgunmj uj nrmnlclmjtk mj sfjtlgfg. Ef om mj Nrlstk y me nrmnlclmjtk mj ^fjtlgfg, skj tkgfs meefs mxpmrlmjnlfs nkjsnlmjtms, f ef vmz qum tfj jmnmsfrlfs nkck ek ms ef rmbmjmrfnlþj. ^lj mcifrbk, ef suistltunlþj gm ef mxpmrlmjnlf rmelblksf pkr me Mvfjbmelk ms uj mrrkr cuy smrlk. ―Ef Tfefirf gm Glks ms vlvf y molnfz y cæs pmjmtrfjtm qum ujf mspfgf gm gks oleks qum pmjmtrf afstf eks nkrfzkjms y eembf f pfrtlr me fecf y me mspãrltu, efs nkyujturfs y eks tuìtfjks, y glsnlmrjm eks  pmjsfclmjtks y efs ljtmjnlkjms gme nkrfzþj– (Amirmks 7869). 7 869). Ef y ef krfnlþj ^mjkafief gm efgmkrfnlþj nkck uj cmglk gm brfnlf. FsãTfefirf gmim gmgm smrGlks nkjslgmrfgfs, pmrk nkckf vmnms uj cmglk brfnlf mqulvfemjtm f ef Tfefirf gm Glks. Ef Tfefirf gm Glks y ef krfnlþj, skj cmglks gm brfnlf mj uj smjtlgk glomrmjtm. Glks lcpfrtm su brfnlf sfevfgkrf cmglfjtm su Tfefirf nkck ljstrucmjtk y tfcilìj lcpfrtm ef brfnlf sfevfgkrf mj rmspumstf f ef krfnlþj. Me krfr pkr ef nkjvmrslþj gm uj fecf y jk afnmr jfgf f ofvkr gm tfe pmrskjf pfrf eemvfref fe nkjknlclmjtk gme Mvfjbmelk gm Hmsunrlstk, ms ujf fikcljfnlþj. ^mr glelbmjtm mj ef sfevfnlþj gm pmrglgks y jk krfr f Glks qum imjglbf mstf slmcirf gm su Tfefirf mj tfems nkrfzkjms pfrf sfevfnlþj, ms ujf ljsmjsftmz yf qum sþek Glks, pkr me Mspãrltu ^fjtk, pumgm trfmr pkr cmglk gm su Tfefirf, ef eks pmnfgkrms fe frrmpmjtlclmjtk.

 

NFTÃW]EK 6>  GLK^ \ ME CMJ^FHM GME M_FJBMEL^CK Me Mvfjbmelk ms Nrlstk-nìjtrlnk, gme clsck ckgk qum ms Wmknìjtrlnk. ^lj mcifrbk, smbøj ef Wmkekbãf Ckgmrjf, Hmsøs gm Jfzfrmt oum glvljk tfj skefcmjtm mj me smjtlgk mj qum tkgks eks akcirms ek skcks, nkj ef glomrmjnlf gm qum ef nalspf glvljf frglþ mj ìe cæs  irleefjtmcmjtm qum mj nufequlmr ktrk smr aucfjk. Me Mvfjbmelk gme Frrmpmjtlclmjtk Me eefcfclmjtk fe frrmpmjtlclmjtk gmim vmjlr fjtm tkgk gme Mvfjbmelsck. ^þek me qum ms kprlclgk pkr me pmnfgk nkjknmræ ef jmnmslgfg gm uj ^fevfgkr. ^þek me qum sm sfim f sã clsck nuepfiem y cfjnafgk nkrrmræ fe Nfevfrlk pfrf pmrgþj y elcplmzf. Afy gks nefsms gm frrmpmjtlclmjtk tktfecmjtm glomrmjtms8 Tfiek msnrlilþ8 ―Tkrqum ef trlstmzf qum ms smbøj Glks  prkgunm frrmpmjtlclmjtk pfrf sfevfnlþj, gm qum jk afy af y qum fr frrmpmjtlrsm, rmpmjtlrsm, pmrk pmr k ef trlstmzf gme cujgk prkgunm cumrtm–. (9ª. Nkrljtlks 2864). Nfevljk nkcmjtþ fsã mstm pfsfhm8 ―Ef trlstmzf smbøj me cujgk ms nufjgk eks akcirms, f nkjsmnumjnlf gm smvmrfs foelnnlkjms, sm slmjtmj kprlclgks pkr ef pmsfgucirm0 clmjtrfs qum ef trlstmzf smbøj Glks ms ef gm fqume qum clrfjgk f Glks rmnkjknm su prkplf clsmrlf pkr afimr pmrglgk su ofvkr. Ef prlcmrf prknmgm skefcmjtm gme fckr f ujk clsck y nkjgunm f ef cumrtm0 ef smbujgf mstæ frrflbfgf mj ef rmvmrmjnlf f Glks y rmsuetf mj frrmpmjtlclmjtk y sfevfnlþj. Afy ujf brfj glomrmjnlf mjtrm frrmpmjtlclmjtk y rmckrglclmjtk. Me rmckrglclmjtk pumgm fpfrtfr fe pmnfgkr gm Nrlstk (Hugfs Lsnfrlktm pkr su rmckrglclmjtk sm nkebþ) Me frrmpmjtlclmjtk ek lcpuesf afnlf ìe (^lcþj Tmgrk nufjgk jmbþ fe ^mökr eekrþ eæbrlcfs gm frrmpmjtlclmjtk). Afy ujf lgmf pkpuefr qum me mvfjbmelstf mjnkjtrfræ trfifhk mj glslpfr y ms ef gm qum me vmrgfgmrk frrmpmjtlclmjtk pumgm vmjlr gmcfslfgk tfrgm. Me frrmpmjtlclmjtk gm nkrfzþj ms ljglspmjsfiem pfrf ef sfevfnlþj. ^lj mcifrbk, me frrmpmjtlclmjtk jk tlmjm jljbøj cìrltk sfevfgkr »Nþck pkgrãf tmjmrek sl ms mj sã clsck uj gkj gm Glks; Me Mvfjbmelk gm ef mxplfnlþj Me Mvfjbmelk jk ms mj su msmjnlf uj cfjgftk, sljk Iumjfs Jumvfs. Ef iumjf jumvf gm ek qum Glks af amnak pkr Nrlstk, pfrf ef sfevfnlþj gm eks pmnfgkrms. Efs iumjfs jumvfs pfrf me pmnfgkr skj ek qum Glks af amnak pfrf elirfrem gme pmnfgk y gme ljolmrjk. Ef Wmkekbãf Elimrfe af ofesmfgk ef gkntrljf msnrlturfe gm ef mxplfnlþj. Glnm qum ef cumrtm gm Nrlstk tuvk nkck prkpþsltk rmnkjnlelfr me akcirm nkj Glks0 pmrk jk rmnkjnlelfr f GlksMsnrlturf nkj me akcirm. Jujnf smr kevlgfgk ef  prkplf rmvmefnlþj mj ef ^fbrfgf me Glks gm fckrgmim ljoljltk ms tfcilìjqum ujsmbøj Glks gm fiskeutf hustlnlf y su lrf jk pumgm smr gmtmjlgf. Tkr su kimglmjnlf cfjlomstfgf mj su pfslþj qum nuecljþ nkj su cumrtm, Nrlstk pfbþ ef pmjf gme pmnfgk. Tmrk alzk cunak cæs pfrf eks  pmnfgkrms. Tkr su pmromntf kimglmjnlf f ef emy gm Glks gurfjtm su vlgf tmrrmjf, tmrr mjf, ems fenfjzþ  hustlnlf y vlgf mtmrjf. ―Tkr nufjtk pkr ef komjsf gm ujk vljk me hulnlk skirm tkgks eks akcirms pfrf nkjgmjfnlþj, pkr ef hustlnlf gm ujk vljk f tkgks eks akcirms ef hustlolnfnlþj gm vlgf– (Ykcfjks =861). Nrlstk jk sþek pfbk ef gmugf gm eks pmnfgkrms, sljk qum cmrmnlþ, f ofvkr gm meeks, ljoljltfs rlqumzfs. Me Mvfjbmelk gm ef Brfnlf Ef Jfturfemzf y ef Alstkrlf skj rmvmefnlkjms vfelksfs gm Glks, fujqum jk tlmjmj jfgf qum gmnlrjks fnmrnf gm ef sfevfnlþj gme pmnfgk y ef cumrtm msplrltufe. Mj nfcilk ef Ilielf, jks glnm ek qum tkgks eks akcirms jmnmsltfj sfimr skirm tfj trfsnmjgmjtfe fsujtk. Ek qum ef Msnrlturf tlmjm qum gmnlrjks fnmrnf gm ef sfevfnlþj sm rmsucm mj me tìrcljk8 ―^fevfnlþj pkr brfnlf–. Mstk jk slbjlolnf qum me pmnfgkr jk tmjbf

 

rmspkjsfilelgfg mj me fsujtk gm ef sfevfnlþj. Gmimr nrmmr mj Nrlstk, pums Glks em afnm rmspkjsfiem pkr su ljnrmguelgfg. ^lj mcifrbk, ef om sfevfgkrf ms uj gkj gm Glks. Jk pumgm smr jmbfgk qum mj me prknmsk gm ef sfevfnlþj me nrmymjtm tlmjm me gmimr gm kimgmnmr, afstf me  pujtk qum ms mxakrtfgk f knupfrsm gm su sfevfnlþj nkj tmckr y tmciekr. tmciekr . Nufjgk kimgmnm mstm cfjgftk ek afnm pkrqum Glks clsck ms me qum kirf mj ìe, y em cfjtlmjm kirfjgk me qumrmr y me afnmr smbøj su iumjf vkeujtfg. (Olelpmjsms >8 69-6>). Glks me Tfgrm sfevf Gmsgm ef oujgfnlþj gme cujgk Glks msnkblþ mj Nrlstk f tkgks eks qum tmjgrãfj qum amrmgfr ef _lgf Mtmrjf (Momslks 687) eks msnkblþ pkr su skimrfjk fckr0 jfglm  pumgm frrmiftfrems gm ef cfjk gm Nrlstk. Nr lstk. F eks qum prmgmstljþ f mstks tfcilìj eefcþ y f eks qum eefcþ f mstks tfcilìj hustlolnþ, y f eks qum hustlolnþ f mstks tfcilìj bekrlolnþ (Ykcfjks 18>4) Me Alhk sfevf Tkr su pmromntf kimglmjnlf fe Tfgrm, Nrlstk cmrmnlþ hustlolnfnlþj pfrf eks pmnfgkrms, vlgf mtmrjf y bekrlf. Me Alhk gm Glks jk sþek cmrmnlþ ef sfevfnlþj, sljk qum tfcilìj ef ktkrbf. Me nrmmr qum uj ljglvlguk gfgk smræ sfevk k jk gmpmjglmjgk gme mhmrnlnlk gm su prkplf vkeujtfg ms uj smrlk mrrkr, rkif f Nrlstk su akjkr gm ^fevfgkr afnlmjgk fe akcirm su prkplk sfevfgkr. Ef cumrtm rmgmjtkrf gm Nrlstk sfevf f tkgks eks qum afj slgk gmslbjfgks pfrf smr sfevks. Glks me Mspãrltu ^fjtk sfevf Ìe fpelnf ef sfevfnlþj f eks  pmnfgkrms, ìe ems gf nkrfzkjms gm nfrjm, mj eubfr gm nkrfzkjms gm plmgrf (Mzmqulme 6688= y ?) Ef om sfevfgkrf ms uj orutk gm ef rmbmjmrfnlþj. ^upkjmr qum Glks kielbf fe pmnfgkr f nrmmr ms uj fisurgk. Afy qum mjoftlzfr qum ef om ms gmsgm me prljnlplk, uj gkj gm Glks pkr me Mspãrltu ^fjtk. Me Mvfjbmelk gme Jumvk Jfnlclmjtk Ef rfzþj pkrqum efs Msnrlturfs jk cfjgfj f eks jk rmbmjmrfgks qum jfznfj meeks clscks f ef vlgf, ms mvlgmjtm8 Mstæj msplrltufecmjtm cumrtks, ms ujf prmrrkbftlvf glvljf trfmreks f ef vlgf, Glks Wkgkpkgmrksks mhmrnm mstf prmrrkbftlvf. ^lj mstm smbujgk jfnlclmjtk msplrltufe, qum skefcmjtm Glks pumgm momntufr, jfglm pumgm eembfr f ef bekrlf gm Glks. Ms jmnmsfrlk glstljbulr mjtrm ef rmbmjmrfnlþj y ef nkjvmrslþj. Mj me jumvk jfnlclmjtk, k rmbmjmrfnlþj me pmnfgkr ms pfslvk, mj ef nkjvmrslþj vlmjm f smr fntlvk. ^mbøj efs pfefirfs gm Hmsøs8 ―Me vlmjtk gm gkjgm qulmr f skpef y kyms su skjlgk, cfs jl sfims gm gkjgm vlmjm jl f gkjgm vf, fsã ms tkgk fqume qum ms jfnlgk gme mspãrltu– (Hufj >81), ef rmbmjmrfnlþj tlmjm eubfr mj me suinkjsnlmjtm, pmrk ef nkjvmrslþj ms ujf mxpmrlmjnlf nkjsnlmjtm, pmrk ef nkjvmrslþj ms ujf mxpmrlmjnlf nkjsnlmjtm gme akcirm. Ef rmbmjmrfnlþj ms momntufgf ljstfjtæjmfcmjtm pkr me Mspãrltu ^fjtk. Mj tmrcljkekbãf tmkeþblnf ef rmbmjmrfnlþj ms momntufgf nuc _mrik ef nkjvmrslþj pmr _mriuc. \ ef nkjvmrslþj ms ujf nkjsmnumjnlf, ujf cfjlomstfnlþj gme jumvk jfnlclmjtk. Ef Msnrlturf jks glnm qum tkgk fqume qum nrmf mj Nrlstk smræ sfevk, y ms ljjmnmsfrlk gmnlr qum ef vkeujtfg aucfjf pfrtlnlpf mj me fntk gm ef om. ―Me qum mcpmzþ mj jksktrks ef iumjf kirf ef  pmromnnlkjfræ afstf me gãf gm Hmsunrlstk– (Olelpmjsms 68?). Me Mvfjbmelk gme Ymljk Eks Eks   oujgfcmjtfelstfs y eks ckgmrjlstfs afj mstfgk pmemfjgk fnmrnf gm sl me cmjsfhm gme Mvfjbmelk ms pfrf ef sfevfnlþj ljglvlgufe k sknlfe. Cunaks pmjsfgkrms oujgfcmjtfelstfs, nkjsnlmjtms gm qum ef sknlmgfg mstæ nkck ujf nfsf ljnmjglfgf, cumstrfj ljtmrìs tfj skefcmjtm mj me rmsnftm gm ljglvlguks gme oumbk0 jk mj fpfbfrek. Me prmglnfgkr ckgmrjlstf  pkr me nkjtrfrlk, trftf gm mxtljbulr me oumbk, y ms mspmrf pmrf afnmrek mj imjmolnlk imj molnlk gme ljglvlguk qum, smbøj ìe, ms prkguntk gm su ìpknf. Ef ofetf mj me Mvfjbmelk sknlfe qum prmglnf me

 

Ckgmrjlsck jk ms qum trftf gm rmcmglfr eks cfems gm ef sknlmgfg0 sljk qum trftf gm afnmrek mj uj smjtlgk tktfecmjtm kpumstk fe Nrlstlfjlsck iãielnk. Trmsnljglmjgk gm ef mvlgmjtm vmrgfg qum ef sknlmgfg jujnf pumgm smr cmhkr qum eks ljglvlguks qum ef nkjstltuymj0 trftf gm cmhkrfr fe ljglvlguk pkr cmglk g cmhkrfs mj ef sknlmgfg. ]j Mvfjbmelk nkcprmjslvk Me Mvfjbmelk ms ef alstkrlf gm Hmsøs y su fckr. Mstf alstkrlf mstæ sfturfgf gm skirmjfturfelscks0 pkr nuyf rfzþj eks tmþekbks elimrfems ef gmsmnafj, y ef nkcøjcmjtm eefcfgf jumvf Krtkgkxlf, ef nkjvlmrtm mj uj cltk k ef pkjm oumrf gm ef alstkrlf fntufe. Ef Ilielf ek rmeftf tkgk nkck ujf alstkrlf nefrf y pksltlvf. Me Mvfjbmelk ms ujf gkntrljf, ujf ljvltfnlþj, ujf prkcmsf, uj eefcfclmjtk, ujf gmcfjgf y uj cfjgftk. Nkjolfr mj Nrlstk nkck ^fevfgkr y rmnkjknmrem nkck ^mökr, skj ljsmpfrfiems. ]j Mvfjbmelk mxneuslvk Me øjlnk Glks vmrgfgmrk sm af rmvmefgk f sl clsck, skirmjfturfecmjtm m ljofeliemcmjtm mj ef pfefirf msnrltf nkjknlgf pkr me jkcirm gm Ilielf0 y mj ef pfefirf pmrskjfe qum ms su alhk me _mrik gm Glks. Wkgfs efs ktrfs rmelblkjms mjsmöfj ef sfevfnlþj pkr me msoumrzk aucfjk. Me Nrlstlfjlsck sþek mjsmöf sfevfnlþj pkr ef brfnlf gm Glks. Wkgfs efs ktrfs rmelblkjms glnmj8 ―Afz y vlvlræs– Me Nrlstlfjlsck gmnefrf8 ―_lvm y afræs–. ]j Mvfjbmelk komjslvk Føj nufjgk me Mvfjbmelk gmsfbrfgf fe akcirm jfturfe, em ms mspmnlfecmjtm komjslvk mj gks fspmntks8 ef sfevfnlþj ms skefcmjtm pkr ef Brfnlf gm Glks, y sþek pkr Brfnlf0 y me ktrk fspmntk gme Mvfjbmelk ms su mxneuslvlsck. Mstm Mvfjbmelk komjslvk gmim smr prknefcfgk slj me cmjkr nkcprkclsk, jl fguetmrfnlþj.

NFTÃW]EK 67  GLK^ \ ME NMEK TFYF ME M_FJBMEL^CK Eks rmokrcfgkrms y efs lbemslfs gm ef Ymokrcf f cmjugk afj slgk fnusfgks gm nkcpemtf, k nfsl nkcpemtf ljglomrmjnlf pfrf me Mvfjbmelsck. Me mjtuslfsck prktmstfjtm pfrf efs clslkjms fenfjzþ su cæs fetk jlvme mj eks slbeks QLQ y QQ. Eks rmokrcfgkrms mstfifj mcpmöfgks mj ujf vfemrksf y gloãnle nfcpföf qum tmjãf pkr kihmtk ef mvfjbmelzfnlþj gm Murkpf. Ef Ilielf afiãf slgk trfsefgfgf f ef emjbuf gme pumiek, y nufjgk ef Lbemslf Ykcfjf afiãf sustltulgk me Mvfjbmelk pkr rltks y nmrmckjlfs, me Trktmstfjtlsck sm msokrzþ mj ef prmglnfnlþj gme Mvfjbmelk. Hþvmjms gm tkgfs pfrtms gme nkjtljmjtm, fsã nkck gm efs Lsefs Irltæjlnfs, fnuglmrkj f eks plms gm Nfevljk y oumrkj mjsmöfgks f prknefcfr ef Tfefirf gm Glks. Mj ek qum sm rmolmrm f clslkjms mxtrfjhmrfs efs lbemslfs gm su ef prkplf Ymokrcf suorlmrkjy mj gkssmbujgk smrlfs glolnuetfgms8 mstfifj mjvumetfs mj ujf tmrrliem eunaf pfrf mxlstmjnlf, eubfr cunafs gm efs tlmrrfs rmnlmjtmcmjtm gmsnuilmrtfs, Æorlnf y Fcìrlnf, mstfifj ifhk me nkjtrke gm jfnlkjms nftþelnk-rkcfjfs, nkck Mspföf y Tkrtubfe. Mj vlstf gm mstks amnaks ms gloãnle fnusfr f efs lbemslfs gm ef Ymokrcf gm qum afj tmjlgk  pknk k jljbøj ljtmrìs pkr me Mvfjbmelsck. Nmek slj nkjknlclmjtk Wkgks skcks k pkr ek cmjks prmtmjgmcks smr, nmeksks pfrf me Mvfjbmelsck0 y cuy pknks tkcfj uj vlvk ljtmrìs  pkr ef gkntrljf nrlstlfjf. Me Nrlstlfjlsck ms ujf vlgf0 vl gf0 pmrk tfcilìj, nkj tkgf nmrtmzf, ms ujf gkntrljf0 uj Nrlstlfjlsck slj gkntrljf jk smrãf Nrlstlfjlsck. ^m nkjvlmjm bmjmrfecmjtm mj qum me Mvfjbmelsck tlmjm pkr kihmtk eemvfr ef Tfefirf gm Glks. Tmrk »quì slbjlolnf mstk; Wkgks nkcprmjgmj qum ef tfrmf gme Mvfjbmelstf ms prmglnfr f Nrlstk0 pmrk »quì Nrlstk; Wkgks nkcprmjgmj tfcilìj qum me mvfjbmelstf tlmjm qum prknefcfr ef sfevfnlþj0 pmrk »quì sfevfnlþj; Eks clmcirks gm efs lbemslfs prmolmrmj qum sm ems glbf gmsgm me pøepltk ek qum

 

tlmjmj qum afnmr, cæs jk ek qum tlmjmj qum nrmmr. Ef lbemslf qum gmsnulgf me fgkntrljfclmjtk gm efs bmjmrfnlkjms outurfs, prkjtk jk tmjgræ clslkjmrks pfrf mjvlfr. Tkr ek cmjks clslkjmrks nmeksks pfrf gmnefrfr me øjlnk Mvfjbmelk vmrgfgmrk. Me nmek krlmjtfgk afnlf ef Wmkekbãf Ef om Ymokrcfgf, prkplfcmjtm nkcprmjglgf y nrmãgf gm nkrfzþj, nkjgunm fe nmek mvfjbmeãstlnk. Ef vkeujtfg skimrfjf gm Glks, sþek pumgm mjbmjgrfr nmek mj ef glouslþj gme Mvfjbmelk. Glks msnkblþ mj fckr0 pkr nkjslbulmjtm Glks jk oumrzf f eks memblgks fe nlmek. Ìe krgmjþ qum eks tfems smrãfj sfevks pkr me Mvfjbmelk y jk  pkr ktrk cmglk. Gm faã sm slbum qum ef Memnnlþj, gmcfjgf Mvfjbmelsck0 y ttfcilìj fcilìj qum ef Memnnlþj bfrfjtlzf eks rmsuetfgks gme Mvfjbmelsck. Ef Brfj Nkclslþj ms uj cfjgftk gme Glks skimrfjk. Nufjtk cæs smrlfcmjtm sm tkcf me amnak gm ef ^kimrfjãf glvljf, tfjtk cæs sm slmjtm uj nrmymjtm kielbfgk f nucpelr mstm cfjgftk. Glks rmqulmrm gme akcirm qum pkjbf su nkjolfjzf mj su Nrmfgkr, plgm tfj sþek fqumeek qum pkgãf afnmr krlbljfecmjtm. \ føj nufjgk me akcirm, mj su mstfgk nfãgk, jk smf nfpfz gm meek, tlmjm qum nuepfrsm f sã clsck, tfj sþek pkr mstf pìrglgf. Me nrlstlfjk Ymokrcfgk rmnafzf ef mjsmöfjzf gm qum ef _mrgfg sm nkjtrfglnm f sã clscf. Tmrk mjnumjtrf gm uj ckgk ljmquãvknk qum mj ef Msnrlturf afy f vmnms gks vmrgfgms qum jk pumgmj smr rmnkjnlelfgfs mj me trliujfe gm ef rfzþj aucfjf, y mj tfe nfsk suhmtf bustksfcmjtm su eþblnf f ef Tfefirf glvljf. Me cæs oumrtm y jkiem cktlvk  pfrf me Mvfjbmelsck gmim smr me fckr pfrf me fgkrfiem fgk rfiem ^mökr y Glks.

NFTÃW]EK 6=  GLK^ \ ME CÌWKGK GME M_FJBMEL^CK Me cìtkgk gme mvfjbmelsck gmim smr gmtmrcljfgk pkr eks prljnlplks gme clsck. Glks ms uj Glks gm emy y gm krgmj, pmrk tfcilìj ms uj Glks qum fgcltm vfrlmgfg, qum tlmjm tfcilìj su eubfr mj me cìtkgk mvfjbmeãstlnk. Ef prknmgmjnlf gm ef Lbemslf krbfjlzfgf Ef Lbemslf Nrlstlfjf ms uj fbmjtm krgmjfgk pkr Glks pfrf me Mvfjbmelsck. ^mbøj ef Msnrlturf, ef Lbemslf krbfjlzfgf ms me prlcmr fbmjtm gme Mvfjbmelsck, y meek trfm vfrlfs lcpelnfnlkjms gmoljlgfs. Mj prlcmr eubfr, ef Lbemslf krbfjlzfgf gmim rmfelzfr efikr mvfjbmeãstlnf. Mj smbujgk eubfr, efs fsknlfnlkjms vkeujtfrlfs gm nrmymjtms, jk gmimj, mj nlrnujstfjnlfs jkrcfems sustltulr f ef Lbemslf. Eks nkcltìs clslkjmrks, y eks mvfjbmelstfs ljgmpmjglmjtms gm nkjtrke mnemslæstlnk, skefcmjtm gmimj smr krbfjlzfgks nufjgk ef Lbemslf ofeef mj rmfelzfr ef tfrmf fslbjfgf pkr Glks, y tkgks eks msoumrzks pfrf pmrsufglref afj orfnfsfgk. Mj tmrnmr eubfr, eks nkjnlelks mnemslæstlnks jk skj lbemslfs. Mj nufrtk, ef rfzþj pkrqum Glks af fslbjfgk ef kirf gme mvfjbmelsck prljnlpfecmjtm f ef lbemslf krbfjlzfgf, ms pkrqum me rmsuetfgk af gm smr, nkjvmrtlgks qum gmimj ujlrsm f ef Lbemslf, Me prkpþsltk gme mvfjbmelsck jk ms cmrfcmjtm ef sfevfnlþj gm fecfs ljglvlgufems, sljk ef fglnlþj gm fecfs sfevfs f ef Lbemslf. Ef prlkrlgfg gme mvfjbmelsck Mgunftlvk Afy gks cìtkgks gm mvfjbmelsck mj nkjtrfstm, me mvfjbmelsck gm cfsfs y me mvfjbmelsck pmrskjfe. Afy frbucmjtks gm vfekr nkjtrf me mvfjbmelsck gm cfsfs, nkck ms nkjnmilgk y bmjmrfecmjtm eemvfgk f nfik aky gãf. Aky gãf efs cfsfs gme pumiek mstæj nfsl tktfecmjtm lbjkrfjtms gm ef alstkrlf iãielnf, y gm ef gkntrljf iãielnf. Tkr nkjslbulmjtm, ef prmglnfnlþj gmim smr aky gãf, fjtms qum tkgk, ljstruntlvf. Mxlstm ujf nrmnlmjtm y hustf gmcfjgf f qum me mvfjbmelstf prumim ek rfzkjfiem gm ef rmelblþj nrlstlfjf. ^m supkjm qum me akcirm jk rmbmjmrfgk tlmjm nfpfnlgfg, gm su prkplf y elirm

 

vkeujtfg, pfrf fnmptfr f Nrlstk pkr ef om0 y qum ms tfrmf gme mvfjbmelstf fpmefr pkr cmglk gm ujf pkgmrksf ljvltfnlþj, f ef vkeujtfg y mcknlkjms gme akcirm jfturfe pfrf ―afnmrem emvfjtfr–. Me mvfjbmelsck gm cfsfs tlmjm qum smr mstlcuefgk pkrqum tlmjm qum smr eemvfgk, tfj prkjtk nkck smf pksliem, f tfjtks nkck smf gfiem fenfjzfr. Gmim gfr kpkrtujlgfg gm uj ckgk u ktrk f fqumeeks qum qulmrfj nkjknmr cæs fnmrnf gme nfcljk gm ^fevfnlþj f qum ek mxprmsmj. Ms fsujtk gm suprmcf lcpkrtfjnlf qum fqumeeks qum mxprmsfj tfe gmsmk smfj rmfecmjtm ljstrulgks gmspuìs. Gm mstm ckgk me mvfjbmelsck pmrskjfe smrãf me rmsuetfgk gme mvfjbmelsck gm cfsfs. Me cìtkgk tktfe Me mvfjbmelstf jk gmim skefcmjtm prknefcfr me mvfjbmelk gm ef sfevfnlþj gme  pmnfgk y gm ef cumrtm, cæs tfcilìj lcpfrtlr eks imjmolnlks gm ef nueturf. Eks cmglks ckgmrjks gm trfjspkrtm y nkcujlnfnlþj Eks cmglks ckgmrjks gm trfjspkrtm, eks cmglks gm nkcujlnfnlþj mjtrm ktrks ljvmjtks, rmprmsmjtfj me gmsnuirlclmjtk pkr pfrtm gme akcirm gm fqumeefs emyms gm ef jfturfemzf gfgfs pkr Glks gmsgm uj prljnlplk, gm ef nrmfnlþj. Glks qulmrm qum su Lbemslf afbf uj usk glelbmjtm y molnfz gm eks cmglks ckgmrjks gm trfjspkrtm y nkcujlnfnlþj pfrf ef cæs prkjtf mxtmjslþj gme Mvfjbmelk f efs pfrtms cæs rmcktfs gm ef tlmrrf, fprmsurfjgk fsã me gãf gm ef vumetf trlujofe gm Nrlstk (Cftmk 97867) Ef Lbemslf ljgãbmjf Nufjgk ef Lbemslf af jfnlgk mj uj pfãs mxtrfjhmrk pkr ef prmglnfnlþj gme Mvfjbmelk, me clslkjmrk mjnfrbfgk gmim trfsefgfrsm f ktrk pfãs y gmhfr ef jumvf lbemslf jftlvfpmrskjfs krbfjlzfgf sã clscf. Me rmifök pfstkr jftlvk jk tlmjm cfykr gmimr gm glsnutlr y bfjfr gm jfvmbfr oumrf qumpkr me mjsmöfr f su ef Tfefirf gm Glks.

 

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