Python Programming - A Visual Jo - Kaare Erlend Jorgensen
July 9, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Addrg g Gr`gi Gr`gie e Mór Mórjgis jgisgi gi Addr ^tghi D`gx D`gxdiegr diegr Ed Edc` c`
_XUCBI _[ _[BJ[DFF BJ[DFFHIJ= HIJ= D \H \H^W ^WD@ D@ MB MBW[ W[IG IGX X LB[ UCG KGJ KGJHII HIIG[ G[ ZHUC ^HF_@G D__@HNDUHBI^ HI FDUCGFDUHN^
^gnbie ^gnbi e Geht Gehthbi hbi
Mbrjgisgi Fdtgfdthsag [gssursgr
© ^gnbie
Gehthbi, Mórjgisgi Fdtgfdthsag [gssursgr ;?;4
H^KI 8:3-3;- kggi d k`gssh k`g sshij ij bl ehsnb ehs nbvg vgry ry die `gdri `gdrihij hij. . D tcdias tcd ias jbgs tb U ditdu di tdu chs cg`pp wht cg` whtcc jrd jrdpcs pcs die ffljurgs prbeunge prbeunge whtc Uhaz Uhaz.. Chs fdiud` fdiud` bl 4>4 4>433lbr pdjgs pdj gs hs tru`y d phgng bl drt. H wdit tb tcdia Fdstgr Kbbas _uk`hscgr lbr jhvhij fg pgrfhsshbi tb usg gxdfp`gs die gxgrnhsgs lrbf tcg jrgdt jgbfgtry kbba ky Cdrb`e [. Mdnbks5 . Lhid``y, d tcdias tb Hijd ^tgigr B`sgi lbr usglu` lggekdna tb tcg hitrbeunthbi, tb Dueui Çky lbr tcg sujjgsthbi bl nrgdthij d tcburbujc hiegx, die tb Hsdkg``d Edc` lbr tcg fflid` rbuie bl prbblrgdehij.
Addrg Gr`gie Mórjgisgi 4
_rdjgr, Cdpphigss hs d sgrhbus prbk`gf Q< Q Uditdu, Ucg Uhaz die _JL fdiud` Q4>V fdiud` Q4>V 5 Mdnbk Mdnbks, s, Jgbfg Jgbfgtry= try= ^gghij ^gghij,, Ebhij Ebhij,, Wiegr Wiegrstdieh stdiehij ij Q5V Q5V ;
Nbitgits Hitrbeunthbi
H
Ucg Kdshns
4
Ucg Uc g Lh Lhrs rstt Hi Hist stru runt nthb hbis is
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4
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Ucg Nr Ucg Nrgd gdth thbi bi . . . . . . . . Ucgg Lh Uc Lhrs rstt ^f ^fd` d``` ^t ^tgp gpss . . . Urh rhdi dij` j`gg [g [gnh nhpg pg . . . . . . . ^qud ^q udrg rg di diee [g [gntd ntdij ij`g `g . . . Erdwh Erd whij ij wh whtc tc Nbb Nbbreh rehid idtgs tgs . Nhrn` Nh rn`gs gs di diee Lh Lh`` ``nb nb`b `brs rs . . . .
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> 7 < : 3 8
4. 4.: 4.3:
^u ^uff ffdr dry Ncdp Gxgr Gx grnh nhsg sgs sy bl. .Nc . dptg . .tgr.r .4 . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
44?4
[gpgt [g pgtht hthb hbis is di die e _dt dttg tgri riss
Uwb rg rgpgt pgtht hthb hbis is . . . . . . . . . . . Ucrgg Uc rgg br Fb Fbrg rg [g [gpgt pgthth hthbi biss . . . . Dij` Di j`gs gs di diee [g [gju ju`d `drr _b _b`y `yjb jbis is . . . ^tdh ^t dhrnd rndsg sg Wp di diee ^t ^tdh dhrnd rndsg sg Eb Ebwi wi . Gxpgrhfg Gxpgr hfgit ithij hij whtc d Lbrbr-`bbp `bbp . . ^uff ^u ffdr dryy bl Nc Ncdp dptg tgrr ; . . . . . . Gxgr Gx grnh nhsg sgss . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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F yjwcg sfcgg` h`g` g di . e. .^q . udrg . rgs . s. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nbjw Nb die ^qud \dry dryhi hijj tc tcgg ^h ^hzg zg bl ^q ^qud udrgs rgs . . . . Uui uiig ig`` hi >E . . . . . . . . . . . . Urhd rhdij` ij`g-p g-pdttg dttgri ri whtc Fhe Fhepbhi pbhits ts . ^uff ^u ffdr dryy bl Nc Ncdp dptg tgrr > . . . . . . Gxgr Gx grnh nhsg sgss . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fbrg Fb rg _bs bssh shkh kh`h `hth thgs gs
5.4 5.4 5.;; 5. 5.> 5.5 5.77 5.
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^tbr ^t brhi hij j Nbe Nbeg g hi Lui uint nthb hbis is
>>. .4; >.; >.>> >. >.5 >.7 >.. >.: 5
hx
4.4 4.;; 4. 4.>> 4. 4.55 4. 4.77 4. 4.> ;. ;.55 ;. ;.7 ;.
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D Zc Zcgg` gg` wh whtc tc Urh rhdi dij` j`gs gs . . . . . . . . . . [die [d iebf bf Di Dij` j`gs gs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ucg Nhrn Nhrnufs ufsnrhkg nrhkgee Nhrn Nhrn`g `g bl d Urhd rhdij` ij`gg . Ku``sgyg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ehst Eh stdi ding ng D` D`dr drf f . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4> 47 4< 4: 48 ;? ;4
;;>7 ;: ;3 >? >4 >; >7
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>7 >: >3 >8 54 v
5. 7.5 7.77 7. 7. > tb jgt stdrtge. thbige wgkshtg, ncbbsg Igw Zcdt hs igw hi tcg sgnbie gehthbi2
Ucg sgnbie gehthbi nbitdhis fdiy strunturd` die egshji hfprbvgfgits, hi deehthbi tb tcg lb``bwhij= •
D`` ncdptgrs ibw gie whtc kbtc d suffdry die gxgrnhsgs.
•
Fbst ncdptgrs drg gxtgiege whtc fdiy igw die gxnhthij gxgrnhsgs.
•
•
Ucgrg drghiibw d`fbst d`` gxgrnhsgs gxgrnhsgs.. Ucg sb`usb`uthbis drg tcg nbfp`gtg kdna bl tcgsb`uthbis kbba. tb d`fbst Zg cdvg hin`uege d `hst bl ffljurgs, d rhnc hiegx bvgr d`` _ytcbi-wbres die agywbre `hst bvgr d`` d `bt bl tcg kbba‘s Gij`hsc wbres.
Zcdt eb tcg syfkb`s hi tcg fdrjhi fgdi2 4>>
2
Hi tcg fdrjhi ybu wh`` bltgi sgg d pdjg iufkgr hi d purp`g kbx. Uchs tg``s ybu bi wchnc pdjg ybu wh`` fflie tcg sb`uthbi tb tcg nurrgit gxgrnhsg/sgnthbi. Ucg stdr-syfkb` fgdis tcdt tchs gxgrnhsg hs nbishegrge ncd``gijhij, die tcdt ybu wh`` ibt fflie d sb`uthbi hi tcg kdna bl tcg kbba. Zg wdit bur stuegits tb lgg` d sgisg bl jrgdt dnnbfp`hscfgit, wcgi tcgy fdstgr tcgsg ncd``gijgs. Ucg turt`g-syfkb` fgdis tcdt tcg nbeg fust kg wrhttgi whtc tcg `dijudjg _ytcbi Uurt`g . Jb tb rgp`ht.nbf, nrgdtg d igw ffl`g die sg`gnt tcg `dijudjg syfkb` hs ibt prgsgit, prgsgit, tcg nbeg hs tb kg wrhttgi hi _ytcbi (whtc Uurt`g). Hl tchs syfkb` tcg `dijudjg _ytcbi . Xbu ndi d`sb usg tcgsg `hias= rgp`ht.nbf/igw/pytcbiRturt`g bj rgp`ht.nbf/igw/pytcbi>.
Jbbe `una bi ybur prbjrdffhij-mburigy! Addrg Add rg Gr` Gr`gie gie Mór Mórjgi jgisgi sgi ^tghi ^tg hi D`g D`gxdi xdiegr egr Edc Edc` `
x
_D[ D[U U H
Ucg Kdshns
NCD_UG[
4.4 4. 4
4
Ucg Lhrst Histrunthbis
Ucg Uc g Nr Nrgd gdth thbi bi
Lhjurg 4.4= D rgd` turt`g.
Zg wh`` stdrt stdrt ky tg``hij tg``hij bur nbfputgr nbfputgr tb nrgd nrgdtg tg d tur turt`g. t`g. Zg nd` nd``` bur turt`g turt`g Ubf, die cg‘s jbhij tb eb gxdnt`y wcdt wg histrunt chf tb eb. Ubf ebgs ibt uiegrstdie Gij`hsc, bi`y _ytcbi= tchs kbba‘s prbjrdffhij `dijudjg. d) Bpgi tcg wgkpdjg rgp`ht.nbf. Nr Nrgd gdtg tg d igw usgr, usgr, die die `bj hi. hi. Zg
rgnbffgie tcg krbwsgrs Krdvg die Ncrbfg . k) Nrgdt Nrgdtgg d igw igw ffl`g ffl`g ky ky n`hn n`hnahi ahijj
bi tcg tcg tbp tbp rhj rhjct ct.. Nc Ncbbs bbsgg tcg tcg `dij `dijud udjg jg ‐_ytcbi (whtc Uurt`g)‖, die tcgi sg`gnt ‐Nrgdtg rgp`‖. ^gg ffljurg 4.;. ffljurg 4.;.
Lhjurg 4.;= Nrgdtg d igw ffl`g bi rgp`ht.nbf.
>
n) Zrhtg tcg lb``bwhij nbeg tb nrgdtg Ubf tcg Uurt`g. Nbeg 4 ;
lrbf turt`g hfpbrt * scdpg("turt`g" scdpg("turt`g") )
Lhjurg Lhjur g 4.>= Ucg rgsu`t bl tcg nbeg.
Ub rui tcg prbjrdf, prgss [ui , br prgss tcg agys Ntr` + Gitgr (Fdn= Nfe + Gitgr ) bi tcg agykbdre agykbdre.. Eb ybu ybu sgg d turt`g ibw, `hag ffljurg 4.> ffljurg 4.> scbws, scbws, br ehe ybu jgt di grrbr fgssdjg2 e) Hl yb ybuu eb sgg tcg turt`g, turt`g, fbvg fbvg tb g) ibw. ibw. Hl ybu jbt di grrbr fgssdj fgssdjg, g,
ncgnaa kg`b ncgn kg`bw w die sgg hl ybu rgnbjihzg rgnbjihzg ybur fhstda fhstdag. g. Nbr Nbrrgnt rgnt ybur ybur nbeg die rui tcg prbjrdf djdhi. Nbrrgnt
Zrbij
lrbf turt`g hfpbrt *
lrbf Uurt`g hfpbrt * lrbf turt`g hfpbrt* lrbf tur`tg hfpbrt * lrbf hfpbrt turt`g *
Nbrrgnt
Zrbij
scdpg("turt`g") scdpg("turt`g" ) scdpg( turt`g )
scdpg turt`g ) scdpg(turt`g ) scdpg( turt`g ) scdpg( Uurt`g )
Ibthng tcdt ybu ndi wrhtg scdpg("turt`g" scdpg("turt`g") ) br scdpg(
turt`g ) .
g) Nbijrdtu`dthbis! Xbu cdvg ibw ibw nrgdtge Ubf tcg Uurt`g Uurt`g die ybu‘rg rgdey
tb jhvg chf histrunthbis.
5
4. Ucg Lhrs Lhrstt Histr Histrun unthb thbis is
4.; 4. ;
Ucg Uc g Lhr Lhrst st ^f ^fd` d``` ^tg ^tgps ps 44:
Nbeg 4 ; > 5 7
lrbf turt`g hfpbrt * scdpg( turt`g ) spgge(4) spgge(4 lbrwdre(7?) lbrwdre(7? ) `glt(>?) `glt(>? )
ebgss Ubf tcg Uurt`g uiegrstdies tcg histrunthbis lbrwdre die `glt . Cg ebg ibt uiegrstdie ‐wd`a bvgr tcgrg!‖ br ‐turi cdre `glt ibw!‖. d) [gde tcg nbeg dkbvg. Zcdt eb ybu tchia tcg rgsu`t bl tcg nbeg wh`` kg2 k) Nbpy tcg tcg nbeg, die rui tcg prbjrdf. prbjrdf. _rgss [ui br Ntr` + Gitgr (Fdn= Nfe + Gitgr )
tb rui tcg prbjrdf.
n) @gt lbrwdre(7? lbrwdre(7?) ) die `glt(>? `glt(>?) ) swhtnc `higs. Jugss tcg rgsu`t, die tcgi
rui tcg prbjrdf. e) Dee Dee tcg lb` lb``b `bwhi whijj histrunthb histrunthbis is dt tcg kbttbf bl tcg nbeg. Jug Jugss ss tcg
rgsu`t, die tcgi rui tcg prbjrdf. `glt(->?) `glt(->? ) lbrwdre(7? lbrwdre( 7?) )
g) @gt `glt(>? `glt(>?) ) die `glt(->? `glt(->?) ) swhtnc `higs. Jugss tcg rgsu`t, die tcgi
rui tcg prbjrdf. l) Lhid``y, fflihsc wrhthij tcg nbeg sb tcdt tcg rgsu`t hs ffljurg 4.5. ffljurg 4.5.
Lhjurg 4.5= Erdwhij whtc `higs.
Hi tcg kdna bl tcg kbba ybu wh`` fflie sb`uthbis tb tcg gxgrnhsgs. Ucg sb`uthbi tb tchs sgnthbi, sgnthbi 4.;, ybu wh`` fflie bi pdjg 44: 44:.. Uc Uchs hs pdjgi pdjgiuf ufkgr kgr hs fdrage hi tcg fdrjhi ds 44: .
7
4. 4.> >
Urh rhdi dij` j`g g [g [gnh nhpg pg
44:
4 ; > 5 7 <
Nbeg
[gnhpg
lrbf turt`g hfpbrt * scdpg( turt`g ) nb`br( k`ug ) lbrwdre(:7) lbrwdre(:7 ) `glt(
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