PuteriCA - 181734023 - Laporan Praktikum OML2 GS.5,,8,9

 

  AFSHZFI SZFDRLD[M HSKZFWL MKWLI ALWRZLD : LMSKBFIWL WLIDZHI BKINFI MKRHBK  JK@I KWG@KMJ[ZN 

Blsusui hak` 5  Ifmf  ILM

5 Sutkrl Gldfa Fifstf 5 606>723:7

Dkafs

5 7B/B2-RDK Bhski Skmjlmjlin 5 Lr. Fg`mfb Mubfwfrl, M.R.

E[Z[WFI RKDILD DHI_KZWL KIKZNL SHALRKDILD IKNKZL JFIB[IN :3:3

 

 

6.

Rueufi Mkinnfmjfrdfi bfi mkikitudfi lmpkbfisl slidrhi bfrl nkikrfthr slidrhi 7 ofsf bkinfi mkinnuifdfi mkthbf jk`i Ksg`kmjurn .

:.

Bfsfr tkhrl Lmpkbfisl slidrhi suftu nkikrfthr jksfriyf blpkinfru`l hak` jkjkrfpf `fa 5

yfin fitfrf afli

  Wloft dkekiu`fi bfrl jksl   Frus jkjfi

•

•

Wkbfindfi lmpkbfisl slidrhi suftu nkikrfthr ( Us ) bfpft bl`ltuin bkinfi gfrf 5   Skrghjffi jkjfi iha.   Skrghjffi `ujuin slindft Bfafm dkfbffi tfipf jkjfi tknfinfi tkrmlifa nkikrfthr sfmf bkinfi tknfinfi hutputiyf , fdfi tktfpl pfbf sfft jkrjkjfi tknfinfi tkrmlifaiyf tlbfd sfmf bkinfi tknfinfi hutputiyf .@fa lil dfrkif fbfiyf lmpkbfisl bfafm bfrl nkikrfthr ltu skiblrl yfin blskjut bkinfi lmpkbfisl slidrhi (Us).Jksfriyf lmpkbfisl lil jkrvfrlfsl skpkrtl tkral`ft bfafm nfmjfr bl jfwf` lil. •

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Bfrl nfmjfr tkral`ft jf`wf jksfriyf lmpkbfisl slidrhi (Us) tkrnfituin pfbf tlindft dkekiu`fi litl  jksliyf yfin blpkinfru`l hak` jkjkrfpf dkfbffi fa5   Frus kdsltfsl   Frus jkjfi   ghs p`l eumaf` bfrl jkjfi Dfrkif ilafl Us jkrujf`-ujf`, mfdf yfin jlfsfiyf yfin blfmjla skjfnfl rkokrkisl fbfaf` yfin bludur pfbf 5   Zftkb kdsltfsl   Zftkb frus efindfr •

•

•

•

•

 

  7.

Srhskburk Skrghjffi f.  Juft rfindflfi skpkrtl nfmjfr bljfwf` lil .  j.  Sutfr nkikrfthr pfbf dkgkpftfi rftkbiyf . g.  Mfsuddfi frus kdsltfsl bfi ftur sfmpfl tknfinfi ihmlifa skrtf gftft mktkrmktkriyf . b.  Mftldfi nkikrfthr ‗ mhthr mhthr skt. k.  @ujuin slindftdfi nkikrfthr bfi putfr nkikrfthr pfbf dkgkpftfi rftkbiyf . o.  Ftur frus kdsltfsliyf sk`linnf frus pfbf efindfr efi ndfr nkikrfthr mkigfpfl ihmlifa. n.  Mftldfi mhthr nkikrfthr skt. Zfindflfi lmpkbfisl jkjfi iha

Zfindflfi lmpkbfisl `ujuin slindft

 

2.

Faft-faft yfin blnuifdfi f.  Fmpkrk mktkr  j.  _hatmktkr g.  Rfg`h mktkr b.  Zkhstft

;.

Bftf `fsla pkinudurfi

Ih.

6 : 7 2 ; ? > 0 ?.

Rfipf Jkjfi Lo _h (Fmpkrk) (_hat) 3.: 6:7 3.2 63 6.? :>?

@ujuin WLindft Lo Ls (Fmpkrk) (Fmpkrk) 3.: 6 3.2 : 3.? 7.: 3.0 2.: 6 ;.6 6.: ?.6 6.2 > 6.? >.<

Skr`ltuinfi   Skr`ltuinfi [itud mkafdudfi pkr`ltuinfi lmpkbfisl slidrhi blpkraudfi bftf tknfinfi p`fsf-iktrfa pfbf  pkrghjffi tfipf jkjfi (Kh) bfi frus pfbf pkrghjffi `ujuin `u juin slindft (Ls). Mfdf ilafl Kh blbfpft bkinfi mkinhivkrsldfi ilafl _h mkinnuifdfi rumus5

 =

 

 

∕ 7

Dkmublfi, uitud mkin`ltuin lmpkbfisl slidrhi (Us) blnuifdfi rumus 5

 =

    

 Ilafl lmpkbfisl slidrhi tkrskjut mkiuieuddfi ilafl lmpkbfisl slidrhi pfbf frus jkjfiiyf (Lo) mfslin-mfslin. Bkinfi rumus bl ftfs, blbfpftdfi `fsla pkr`ltuinfi skjfnfl jkrldut5

 

 

Ih

6 : 7 2 ; ? > 0

Skrghjffi Rfipf jkjfi @ujuin slindft Lo _h Lo Lsg (Fmpkr) (_hat) (Fmpkrk) (Fmpkrk) 3.: 6:7 3.: 6 3.2 63 6.2 > 6.? :>? 6.? >.<

Kh (_hat)

Us (H`m)

>6,362 66:,;0 6:. Skmjf`fsfi Srfdtldum dfal lil jkrtueufi uitud mkinnfmjfrdfi bfi mkikitudfi lmpkbfisl slidrhi bfrl nkikrfthr slidrhi 7 ofsf bkinfi mkinnuifdfi mkthbf Jk`i Ksg`kmjurn. Mkthbf lil sfinft skbkr`fif, hak` dfrkif ltu `fslaiyf `fiyf jkrupf pkibkdftfi-pkibkdftfi bfi `fiyf blnuifdfi uitud mkinfifalsls mksli skgfrf nahjfa sfef. [itud mkibfpftdfi bftf frus kdsltfsl bfi `ujuin slindft, blafdudfi pkrghjffi `ujuin slindft bfi jkjfi iha. Dkmublfi ilafl lmpkbfisl slidrhi blbfpft bkinfi mkmjfnl ilafl tknfinfi mksli  pfbf jkjfi iha (Kh) bkinfi frus `ujuin slindft. Jkrldut fbfaf` nrfold ouinsl Kh=o(Lo), Lsg=o(Lo), bfi Us=o(Lo).

Nrfold Nkikrfthr Wlidrhi 7 Ofsf Mkthbk Jk`i Ksg`kmjurn <

603,33

0

6?3,33

>

623,33

    )    s    L     (    t    f ?     d    n    i    l    W ;    n    i    u 2     j    u    @    s 7    u    r    F

6:3,33 633,33 03,33 ?3,33

:

23,33

6

:3,33

3

3,33 3

3,:

3,2

3, ?

3,0

6

Frus Skinuftfi(Lo)

6, :

6,2

6,?

   i     o    s    _   U

Lsg _oi Us

 

  Bfrl nrfold bl ftfs, bfpft blal`ft jf`wf durvf duilin yfin mkiuieuddfi ilafl Kh mkinfafml  pkilindftfi sklrlin jkrtfmjf`iyf frus kdsltfsl. Wkmkitfrf durvf fju-fju mkrupfdfi ilafl Lsg ftfu frus `ujuin slindft, bfi bfpft blal`ft jf`wf durvfiyf jkrjfiblin aurus bkinfi frus kdsltfsl Lo skgfrf alikfr. Wkmkitfrf durvf hrfiyk mkiuieuddfi ilafl lmpkbfisl slidrhi Us yfin jkrjfiblin tkrjfald bkinfi frus kdstltfsl Lo, skmfdli jksfr Lo mfdf skmfdli dkgla dk gla ilafl Us.  Ilafl lmpkbfisl slidrhi slidrhi lil blpkinfru`l hak` tlindft sfturfsl mfnikt, pfbf jkjkrfpf dhiblsl dkref tkrnfituin pfbf5   Jksfriyf frus pkinuftfi   Jksfriyf frus jkjfi   Jksfriyf jkjfi ghs p`l 





Us bltktfpdfi bkinfi `ujuin slindft yfin mfif ghs p`l sfinft mkibkdftl iha. [itud mkmlal` jksfrfi yfin fdfi blnuifdfi uitud mkin`ltuin5

  Jksfrfi U“s bludur, sksufl bkinfi `frnf ihmlifa frus pkinuftfi



U“s = Kh/Lsg (pfbf Lo ihmlifa) = 6;;,0 = ::,:> h`m    Jksfrfi U”s bludur sksufl bkinfi `rnf ihmlifa frus efindfr   U”s = Kh/Lsg pfbf (Lsg = Li) = 6;?/67,: = 66,0: h`m. 



Dfrkif ilafl U”s akjl` dkgla, mfdf ilafl tkrskjut yfin blnuifdfi skjfnfl rkokrkisl. 0. Dkslmpuafi

  Mkthbf Jk`i Ksg`kmjurn sfinft skbkr`fif, hak` dfrkif ltu `fslaiyf `fiyf jkrupf



 pkibkdftfi-pkibkdftfi bfi `fiyf blnuifdfi uitud mkinfifalsls mksli skgfrf nahjfa sfef.   Rknfinfi pfbf sfft jkjfi iha mkinfafml pkilindftfi sklrlin dkifldfi frus kdsltfsl.   Frus `ujuin slindft jkrjfiblin aurus bkinfi frus kdsltfsl skgfrf alikfr.   Lmpkbfisl slidrhi jkrjfiblin tkrjfald bkinfi frus kdsltfsl bfi skafli ltu eunf blpkinfru`l hak` frus jkjfi bfi ghs p`l.







). Srlislp Dkref Nkikrfthr Wlidrhi. Bluibu` pfbf tfinnfa, 6;.



 

  63. Runfs Skibf`uaufi 6.  Rkrfindfi bkinfi ekafs gfrf pkr`ltuinfi Us bkinfi mkthbf Jk. [itud mkmpkrhak` Us blnuifdfi rumus jkrldut5 Us = Kh/Lsg (h`m) Kh5 Rknfinfi pfbf sfft jkjfi iha (_hat) Lsg5 Frus `ujuin slindft (Fmpkrk) :.  Juft rindflfi pkinnfitl bfrl fatkrifthr bfi jfnflmfi gfrf mkmpkrhak`iyf Sfbf dhiblsl jkjfi iha, tkrmlifatkrmlifa fatkrifthr mkiuieudfi tknfinfi thtfa tfipf dkrunlfi. Sfbf dhiblsl jkrjkjfi, tknfinfi pfbf tkrmlifa-tkrmlifaiyf jkrujf`, dfrkif bfafm fatkrifthr fbf lmpkbfisl sktlfp ofsfiyf (yfin blskjut lmpkbfisl slidrhi), `fa lil yfin mkinfdljftdfi pkiuruifi tknfinfi. Rknfinfi dkaufrfi pfbf tkrmlifa, bfpft bl`ltuin pfbf  jkrjfnfl dhiblsl pkmjkjfifi bkinfi pkinurfinfi skgfrf vkdthr bfrl tknfinfi yfin bljfindltdfi  pfbf dhiblsl tfipf jkjfi bkinfi dkrunlfi tknfinfi pfbf lmpkbfisl slidrhi. Bkinfi mkinfinnfp/jkrpkbhmfi pfbf sftu ofsk, mfdf dktkrfinfidktkrfinfi bl ftfs jlsf blnfmjfrdfi sjj5

7.  @fsla yfin blpkrhak` bkinfi mkthbf JK akjl` jksfr bfrl skjkifriyf , tkrfindfi bkinfi ekafs. Lmpkbfisl slidrhi tkrblrl bfrl buf dhmpkiki, dhmphiki pkrtfmf fbfaf` tf`fifi muril (yfin subf` bludur bkinfi mkthbk fmjkr bfi vhat mktkr), efbl rkfdtfisl slidrhiiyf mkiefbl `frnf lmpkbfisl slidrhi efu` akjl` jksfr bfrl `frnf rkslstfisliyf hak` dfrkif ltu jlfsfiyf rkslstfisliyf blfjfldfi.

 

  AFSHZFI SZFDRLD[M HSKZFWL MKWLI ALWRZLD : DFZFDRKZLWRLD A[FZ NKIKZFRHZ WLIDZHI MKRHBK AFINW[IN 

Blsusui hak` 5  Ifmf  ILM Dkafs

5 Sutkrl Gldfa Fifstf 5 606>723:7 5 7B/B2-RDK Bhski Skmjlmjlin 5

Lr. Fg`mfb Mubfwfrl, M.R.

E[Z[WFI RKDILD DHI_KZWL KIKZNL SHALRKDILD IKNKZL JFIB[IN :3:3

 

 

6.

Rueufi Mkmpkafefrl dfrfdtkrlstld aufr nkikrfthr slidrhi 7 ofsf bkinfi mkinnuifdfi mkinnuif dfi mkthbf afinsuin

:.

Bfsfr tkhrl Dfrfdtkrlstld aufr fbfaf` suftu nrfold yfin mkiuieuddfi `ujuinfi fitfrf frus jkjfi bkinfi tknfinfi tkrmlifaiyf pfbf ofgthr dkref tkrtkitu.

7.

Srhskbur dkref f.  Juft rfindflfi skpkrtl pfbf nfmjfr bljfwf` lil  j.  Sutfr mhthr nkikrfthr pfbf dkgkpftfi ihmlifa . g.  Ftur frus kdsltfsl sfmpfl ihmlifa (bfafm dkfbffi tfipf jkjfi ) b.  Mfsuddfi jkjfi bfi ftur sksufl pktuieud listrudtur skrtf ftur dkgkpftfi dkmjfal sfmpfl ihmlifa bkmldlfi eunf frus kdsltfsliyf . k.  Gftft pkiuieudfi mktkr-mktkriyf sktlfp dfal pkrujf`fi jkjfi. o.  Mftldfi mhthr nkikrfthr skt.

 

 

2.

Faft-faft yfin blnuifdfi f.  ^ftt mktkr  j.  _hat mktkr g.  Rfg`h mktkr b.  Rrfoh mktkr k.  Fmpkrk mktkr o.  Zkhstft

 

  ;.

?.

Bftf `fsla pkinudurfi

Skr`ltuinfi Bkinfi mkinfsumsldfi ilafl ghs p`l = 6, mfdf blbfpft ilafl bfyf bkinfi rumus skjfnfl jkrldut S = ∕7 x _ x Ln x ghs p`l Dkmublfi, sktkaf` mkibfpft ilafl S, mfdf blgfrl ilafl tknfinfi pfbf sfft ghs p`l = 3,0 bkinfi rumus skjfnfl jkrldut5 _ = S/(∕7 x Ln x ghs p`l) Mfdf blbfpftdfi ilafl jkrldut uitud mkmjuft nrfold dfrfdtkrlstld aufr nkikrfthr 7 ofsf5

>.

Lo

Ln

_ sfft ghs p`l 6

^

S

3,0 3,0 3,0 3,0

3 : 2 ;,2

:>0 :;0 :;: :27

3 :;3 2;3 ?;3

3 070: 6>2;, ::>:,>

_ sfft ghs p`l 3,0 3 7::,; 76; 737,>;

3,0 3,0 3,0

;,> ?,< :6<

?>; 033 63;3

:7