Puntos Guia de Aislamiento y Cuantificación de Microorganismos

 

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N`pkrtblanb k utnjncbc co aubltnfnabr mbatornbs Jb aubltnfnabanñl co `narkkrhblns`ks (mbatornbs), os fulcb`oltbj pbrb oltolcor  añ`k ostks soros cn`nlutks nltorbaanklbl akl sus ekspocorks y ol jks b`mnoltos cklco ckl co so cos cosbrr brrkjj kjjbl. bl. Ybr Ybrb b jb quà quà`na `nab b ol oj âro ârob b ajà ajàlna lnab, b, jb aub aubltn ltnfna fnaban banñl ñl co `narkk `na rkkrhb rhblns lns`ks `ks os `u `uy y n`p n`pkrt krtblt blto o pbr pbrb b akl aklkao kaorr oj hrb hrbck ck co nlf nlfoaa oaanñl nñl co ul `narkkrhblns`k, snl o`mbrhk, lk so jjovbl b abmk ak`k pruomb co rutnlb comnck bj tno`pk quo jks `îtkcks aklsu`ol. Ol ostucnks co Oakjkhàb @narkmnblb tb`mnîl os n`pkrtblto aklkaor oj l÷`ork co `narkkrhblns`ks quo so bskanbl akl cnstnltks ekspocorks, aklkaor sus cnlâ`nabs co pkmjbanñl, bsà ak`k, cotor`nlbr oj l÷`ork co `narkkrhblns`ks quo ostâl akjklnzblck ul b`mnolto. Eby cnvorsbs fkr`bs pbrb aubltnfnabr b jks `narkkrhblns`ks, `uaeks co ojjks `uy `kcorlks y roqunorol co oqunpk ospoanbjnzbck quo ostâ fuorb coj bjablao co jbs pksnmnjncbcos oaklñ`nabs co jb jbmk mkrb rbtk tkrn rnks ks co cnbh cnbhlñ lñst stna nak k o nlaj nlajus usk k co jb jbmk mkrb rbtk tkrn rnks ks co nl nlv vos ostn tnhb hban anñl ñl co _lnv _l nvor orsn sncb cbco cos s Y÷ Y÷mj mjna nabs bs prk` prk`oc ocnk nk co @î @îxn xnak ak,, B` B`îr îrna nab b Jb Jbtnl tnlb b y jb jbmk mkrb rbtk tkrnk rnks s `kcostks co ktrbs pbrtos coj `ulck. Qnl o`mbrhk, eby `îtkcks oaklñ`naks y sola so lanj njjk jks, s, ak akl l vo volt ltbg bgbs bs y co cosv svol oltb tbgb gbs, s, qu quo o pk pkcr cràb àbl l n` n`pj pjo` o`ol oltb tbrs rso o b÷ b÷l l ol jbmkrbtkrnks co osabsks roaursks, pork quo cbràbl rosujtbcks tbl proansks ak`k jks `îtkcks `kcorlks.

Fulcb`oltk co jks `îtkcks cnroatks, nlcnroatks, vnbmjos y tktbjos. Oxnstol lu`orksks `îtkcks quo por`ntol ostbmjoaor oj l÷`ork co `narkkrhblns`ks ol ulb `uostrb cbcb, bjhulks `îtkcks aubltnfnabl oj l÷`ork co aîjujbs, ktrks aubltnfnabl jb `bsb tktbj co jb pkmjbanñl (jb aubj akl froauolanb os cnroatb`olto prkpkranklbj bj l÷`ork co aîjujbs). Comnck b quo jbs pkmjbanklos mbatornblbs skl usubj`olto `uy hrblcos, jb `bykràb co jks `îtkcks co akltok so mbsbl ol akltoks cnroatks k nlcnroatks co `uostrbs `uy poquoòbs4 pkstornkr`olto so ebaol aâjaujks quo cotor`nlbl fnlbj`olto oj tb`bòk co jb pkmjbanñl tktbj4 bsà, jk jks s ol olsb sbyk yks s co au aubl bltnf tnfna naba banñ nñl l `n `nar arkm kmnb nblb lb so bh bhru rupb pbl l co `b `blo lorb rb ho holo lorb rbjj ol `îtkcks cnroatks y `îtkcks nlcnroatks. Ktrb fkr`b ÷tnj co ajbsnfnabr ostks `îtkcks os ol `îtkcks co auoltb tktbj (auoltb co `narkkrhblns`ks vnvks y `uortks), y `îtkcks co auoltb vnbmjo (so aubltnfnab ÷lnab`olto b jks `narkkrhblns`ks vnvks).  Bsà so tnolo quo jks `îtkcks `îtkcks co aubltnfnabanñl so ajbsnfnabl ol7 Jks `îtkcks cnroatks so mbsbl ol jb `ocncb co jb ovkjuanñl coj l÷`ork co aîjujbs vnvbs ( tîalnabs co pjbquok) k coj l÷`ork co pbrtàaujbs (tîalnabs `narksañpnabs y co akltbckros co pbrtàaujbs). Ogo`pjks7 -

Cnroatks vnbmjos7  vnbmjos7  Cnjuanñl y vbanbck ol pjbab, Oxtolsnñl suporfnanbj, Hktb @njos- @nsrb, Fnjtrbanñl, bsb abjnmrbcb.

 

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Cnroatks tktbjos7  tktbjos7  Aâ`brb co Yotrkff-Ebusor, @îtkck co Mrooc, Akltbckr  Akujtor-Akultor.

Jks `îtkcks nlcnroatks so mbsbl ol jb `ocncb co bjh÷l pbrâ`otrk co aujtnvk quo lks por`nto cocuanr jb nlfkr`banñl skmro jb ovkjuanñl coj l÷`ork co `narkkrhblns`ks. Ogo`pjks7 -

Nlcnroatks vnbmjos7 vnbmjos7 L÷`ork `âs prkmbmjo (L@Y), Batnvncbc `otbmñjnab. Nlcnroatk Nlcnr oatks s tktbjo tktbjos7 s7   Sur Surmnc mncn`o n`otrà tràb, b, Lo Lofoj fojk`o k`otràb tràb,, cot cotor` or`nlb nlbanñ anñl l co `bs `bsb b aojujbr (posk soak, e÷`ock, ota.)

Jb abltncbc y tnpk co `narkkrhblns`ks ol ulb `uostrb, copolcol co jb lbturbjozb quà`nab co jb `ns`b y co jks trbtb`noltks b quo ebyb snck sk`otncb. Co osto `kck jks prkaocn`noltks quo so o`pjobl pbrb ostbmjoaor oj l÷`ork co `narkkrhblns`ks oxnstoltos ol ulb `uostrb vbràbl ol fulanñl co7 2. Jb abltncbc co `narkkrhblns`ks quo so osporb olakltrbr. =. Oj tnpk co `narkkrhblns`ks quo so cosob akltbr. Ol tk tkck cks s jks jks ab absk sks s so pb pbrt rto o co ul vk vkju ju`o `ol l k po posk sk co `u `uos ostr trb b ak aklk lkan anck ck.. Aklsncorblck jb abltncbc co `narkkrhblns`ks so tnolo quo sk`otor b jbs `uostrbs b trbtb`noltks tolcnoltos b rocuanr k ojn`nlbr b jks `narkkrhblns`ks, pkr jk quo so osporb kmtolor auoltbs mbgbs k nlajusk jb busolanb co `narkkrhblns`ks, ol tbjos aklcnanklos os loaosbrnk aklaoltrbr jb abltncbc co îstks `ocnblto aoltrnfuhbanñl k fnjtrbanñl co jb `uostrb.

@îtkcks cnroatks. ○ VNBMJOQ.

Vbanbck ol pjbab. Oj `îtkck `âs usbck pbrb robjnzbr oj akltok Co aîjujbs vnbmjo so mbsb ol akltbr oj l÷`ork co aîjujbs co ulb `uostrb quo os abpbz co fkr`br akjklnbs bj so`mrbrjk ol oj `ocnk bcoaubck ○ @î @îtk tkck ck c co o ox oxto tols lsnñ nñl lo ol lp pjb jbab ab ○ @ît @îtkck kck co vor vortnc tnck ko ol lp pjba jbab b k cnj cnjuan uankl klos os

]oauoltk ol pjbab pkr oxtolsnñl co suporfnano Fulcb`ol Fulcb `oltk. tk. Qo mb mbsb sb ol jb ox oxto tols lsnñ nñl l co jb `u `uos ostr trb, b, bh bhro rohb hbcb cb ak akl l ul ulb b bs bsb b abjnmrbcb skmro ulb pjbab soab.

 

N`bhol 2. ]oauoltk pkr oxtolsnñl ol pjbab

Cnjuanklos sornbcbs. Aublck ulb `uostrb `uaeks `narkkrhblns`ks suporol jbs 199 _FA so roak`nolcb robjnzbrakltnolo cnjuanklos sornbcbs quo fbanjntol ojquo akltok y por`ntb kmtolor  rosujtbcks aklfnbmjos4 juohk co jbs cnjuanklos so sno`mrbl jbs pjbabs y so prkaoco b ebaor oj akltok coj l÷`ork co akjklnbs quo como sor `ujtnpjnabck pkr oj fbatkr co cnjuanñl pbrb kmtolor jbs _FA pkr `njnjntrk co `uostrb krnhnlbj. @îtkck co cnjuanklos sornbcbs pbrb roauoltk ol pjbab co akjklnbs (Skrtkrb ot bj. =998).

N`bhol =. Cnjuanklos Qornbcbs

 

Fnjtrbanñl pkr `o`mrblb. Fulcb`oltk. Ybsk co jb `uostrb b trbvîs co ulb `o`mrblb pkrksb quo rotnolo jks Fulcb`oltk. `narkkrhblns`ks y quo pkstornkr`olto so akjkab skmro ulb pjbab.

N`âholos 1 y 3 Fnjtrbanñl pkr `o`mrblb

Bsb abjnmrbcb Jb tîalnab co aujtnvk aubltntbtnvk `âs utnjnzbcb os jb sno`mrb akl bsb abjnmrbcb, quo por`nto copksntbr ul vkju`ol cotor`nlbck co krnlb skmro jb suporfnano coj `ocnk co aujtnvk. Ol holorbj, so suojol o`pjobr bsbs co 9,992 k 9,92 `j, co fkr`b quo so puoco aubltnfnabr mbatornurnbs oltro 299-2.999 _FA/`j y `âs co 299.999 _FA/`j.  Batubj`olto so utnjnzbl bsbs abjnmrbcbs co pjâstnak cosoaebmjos quo toñrnab`olto kmtnolol ul vkju`ol fngk co `uostrb. Qnl o`mbrhk, jb fkr`b ol quo so nltrkcuao oj bsb bs b ol oj akl klto tolo lock ckrr pb pbrb rb km kmto tolo lorr jb `u `uos ostr trb b pu puoc oco o kr krnh nhnl nlbr br cn cnfo foro rola lanb nbs s n`pkrtbltos, co ebstb oj 299%, ol oj vkju`ol co `uostrb oxb`nlbck. Qn so snhuo ulb akrroatb tîalnab co sno`mrb y oj vkju`ol kmtolnck akl oj bsb os ek`khîlob`olto cnstrnmunck ol jb suporfnano coj `ocnk co aujtnvk, oj roauoltk co akjklnbs snhuo jb bprkxn`banñl lkr`bj co jb cnstrnmuanñl co Yknskl y bsà, ol ul roauoltk co 299 akjklnbs, utnjnzblck ul bsb co 9,992 `j, jb anfrb robj os co 299 ² =9 Ø2.999 _FA/`j (p 0 9,9?). Qo ebl cosbrrkjjbck cnforoltos `îtkcks co aujtnvk so`naubltntbtnvk cornvbcks co ostb tîalnab, y oj `âs o`pjobck os oj "Cnp-Qjnco", quo supklo ulb bjtorlbtnvb ÷tnj bj aujtnvk ajâsnak aublck lk so cnspklo co ul fâanj baaosk bj jbmkrbtkrnk. Aklsnsto ol ulb jolhúotb jolhúotb co pjâ pjâstn stnak ak roa roaumn umnort ortb b pkr ul `oc `ocnk nk co auj aujtnv tnvk k qu quo o so nlt nltrkc rkcuao uao cnroatb`olto ol jb krnlb. _lb voz su`orhncb, so akjkab luovb`olto ol su olvbso y so olvàb bj jbmkrbtkrnk. Oj roauoltk co akjklnbs so robjnzb pkr ak`pbrbanñl akl ul ostâlcbr. Jb voltbgb co osto `îtkck os quo puoco robjnzbrjk oj prkpnk pbanolto, jb

 

nlaumbanñl so nlnanb curblto oj trblspkrto y, sn oj prkaosb`noltk so co`krb, so ovntb oj cotornkrk co jb `uostrb.

@njos-@nsrb Fulcb`oltk. Nlkaujb Nlkaujb skmro jb suporfnano co jb pjbab ulb skjb hktb co abcb cnjuanñl jb aubj tnolo ul vkju`ol bprkxn`bck co ?9 ¿J co jb suspolsnñl aojujbr4 co ostb fkr`b ol ulb pjbab so sno`mrbl aubtrk cnjuanklos. Nlvkjuarb jb propbrbanñl co cnjuanklos sornbcbs co ulb suspolsnñl mbatornblb. Jbs pjbabs pjb abs sk skl l cnv cnvncn ncncbs cbs ol so soatk atkros ros sop sopbrb brbcks cks.. Qo nlk nlkau aujb jb abc abcb b soa soatkr tkr ul ulb b hk hktb tb o`pjoblck ulb Ynpotb Ybstour abjnmrbcb k mnol `narkpnpotbs nlkaujblck 9.9=`J.

N`bhol ? @njos-@nsrb

○ Cn Cnro roat atk ks tkt tktbj bjo os Aâ`brb co potrkff-ebusor k Loumbuor  Fulcb` Fulc b`ol oltk tk.. _l vk vkju ju`o `ol l ak aklk lkan anck ck co co`u `uos ostr trb b qu quo o os co copk pksn sntb tbck ck ol ul pkrtbkmgotks ospoanbj pbrb, ulb auoltb ostb aklsnsto co ul pkrtbkmgotks oxabvbck y aubcrnaujbcks quo fbanjntbl oj roauoltk pkr ulncbc co suporfnano y co vkju`ol. so utnjnzb pbrb oj akltok aojujbr cnroatk, ol `ocnks proforolto`olto ajbrks y jnmros co pbrtàaujbs akjkrbltos (skjuanklos co bzuj co `otnjolk) skl utnjnzbcks pbrb cnstnlhunr  aîjujbs vnvbs co `uortbs.

N`bhol 6 Aubltnfnabanñl akl Aâ`brb co Loumbuor 

 

@îtkck co Mrooc. Fulcb`oltk Fulcb`ol tk Os ul `îtkck cnroatk pbrb aubltnfnabr aîjujbs tktbjos ol oj aubj ul vkju`o vkj u`ol l akl aklka kanck nck co jb `u `uost ostrb rb cnj cnjunc uncb b so oxt oxtnol nolco co uln ulnfkr fkr`o` `o`olt olto o sk skmro mro jb suporfnano co ul pkrtbkmgotks lkr`bj.

N`bhol 8. @îtkck co Mrooc

]oauoltk ojoatrñlnak. Fulcb`oltk. Jks akltbckros ojoatrñlnaks por`ntol robjnzbr roauoltks co mbatornbs, jovbcurbs lk fnjb`oltksbs y prktkzkbrnks, pork lk co eklhks y `narkkrhblns`ks fnjb`oltksks k `naojnbros. _l vk vkju ju`o `ol l fn fngk gk co ul ulb b su susp spol olsn snñl ñl mb mbat ator ornb nblb lb os fk fkrz rzbc bcb b b pb pbsb sbrr co cosc sco o ul ak`pbrtn`oltk bj ktrk b trbvîs coj poquoòk aklcuatk, ol ul `uy mrovo nltorvbjk co tno`pk. aublck ul `narkkrhblns`k pbsb bj luovk ak`pbrtn`oltk, jb rosnstolanb co osto so nlaro`oltb comnck b quo jb aklcuatnvncbc co jb aîjujb os `olks quo jb coj `ocnk. Ostks ab`mnks ol jb rosn ro snst stol olan anb b sk skl l ak aklv lvor ortn tnck cks s ol pu pujs jsks ks k vk vkjt jtbg bgo o y akltbcks. Os pksnmjo akltbr y `ocnr vbrnks `njos co pbrtàaujbs pkr  sohulck, copolcnolck co su fkr`b, akjkr y colsncbc. Anortbs mbatornbs `uy poquoòbs prkcuaol ab`mnks ol jb rosnstolanb quo skl ak`pbrbmjos bj ‚runck‐ holorbck pkr jb turmujolanb quo so cosbrrkjjb bj pbsbr oj fjunck pkr  oj krnfnank. N`bhol 5. Akltbckr co akjklnbs ojoatrñlnak

 

@îtkcks nlcnroatks ○ VNBMJOQ. L÷`ork `âs prkmbmjo (L@Y) Fulcb`ol Fulcb `oltk. tk. Os ul `îtkck ostbcàstnak quo so fulcb`oltb ol jb tokràb co jb prkmbmnjncbc. Ol îj so propbrbl `÷jtnpjos sornos co cnjuanklos coaroanoltos, akl abcb cnjuanñl so nlkaujñ vbrnks tumks quo akltnolol oj `ocnk co aujtnvk bcoaubck.

N`bhol >. @îtkck coj l÷`ork `âs prkmbmjo

Aklsu`k co BSY. Fulcb`ol Fulcb `oltk. tk. Qo mbsb ol jb o`nsnñl co juz pkr jb juanforbsb co juanîrlbhb ol prosolanb co K= y co BSY. Co ostb fkr`b so puoco `ocnr jb aklaoltrbanñl co BSY ol ul vkju`ol cbck co aujtnvk. Jb aklaoltrbanñl co BSY coabo râpncb`olto ol jbs aîjujbs `uortbs, co fkr`b quo osb `ocncb nlcnroatb cotoatb ÷lnab`olto jbs aîjujbs vnvbs.

N`bhol 29. @îtkck co Aklsu`k co BSY

 

@îtkcks nlcnroatks ○ SKSBJOQ. Yosk soak Fulcb`oltk.  Aklsnsto ol jb fnjtrbanñl coj aujtnvk b trbvîs co ulb `o`mrblb quo rotolhb jbs aîjujbs y su pkstornkr cosoabanñl ebstb posk aklstblto.

N`bhol 22. @îtkck co Yosk soak

Yosk e÷`ock. Fulcb`ol Fulc b`oltk. tk. Qo kmtnolo b pbrtnr co ulb `uostrb ol suspolsnñl quo os posbcb juohk co jb sopbrbanñl co jbs aîjujbs pkr fnjtrbanñl k aoltrnfuhbanñl. Os ulb tîalnab ÷tnj pbrb hrblcos vkj÷`olos co `uostrb.

N`bhol 2=. @îtkck co Yosk E÷`ock

Cotor`nlbanñl co lntrñholk Fulcb`oltk. Jb prkpkranñl co lntrñholk prktonak ol jb mnk`bsb os `uy aklstblto. Qà encrkjnzbcks ul aujtnvk akl âanck ajkreàcrnak so prkcuao ulb robaanñl quo jnmorb b`klnk quo puoco sor vbjkrbck pkr oj `îtkck co Dgojcbej utnjnzblck ulb ulncbc co cnhostnñl y ulb co costnjbanñl Dgojcbej. Oj `îtkck so mbsb ol jb costruaanñl co jb `btornb krhâlnab akl âanck sujf÷rnak aklaoltrbck, fkr`âlckso sujfbtk co b`klnk quo ol oxaosk co encrñxnck co skcnk jnmorb b`klàbak, oj quo so costnjb roanmnolckjk ol âanck mñrnak fkr`âlckso mkrbtk co b`klnk quo so vbjkrb akl âanck ajkreàcrnak.

 

N`bhol 21. Cnhostkr pbrb `îtkck co Cotor`nlbanñl co Lntrñholk

 Batnvncbc `otbmñjnab. Fulcb`oltk. Cotor`nlbcks pkr oj rospnrñ`otrk co Xbrmurh. Yrkcuaanñl co âancks. ]ospnrñ`otrk @blk`îtrnab k co Xbrmurh7 Oj kxàholk utnjnzbck so `nco akl rospoatk bj tno tno`p `pk k bl blkt ktbl blck ck jb cns` cns`nl nlua uanñ nñl l co pros prosnñ nñl l ol oj ro roan anpn pnol olto to cñ cñlc lco o so os ostâ tâ robjnzblck jb rospnrk`otràb quî tnolo vkju`ol aklstblto os eor`îtnak y sob co `bltolor b ulb to`porbturb aklstblto. Ol oj roanpnolto so nltrkcuao jb `uostrb blbjnzbr cogblck abpb co y, bco`âs, so eb oj co bl akjkabr vbsk akl ulb ul b sk skju juan anñl ñl coulb encr encrñx ñxnc nck kaâ`brb pk pktâ tâsn snak ak bnro pb pbrb rb qu quo o bm bmsk skrm rmb b bleà eàcr crnc nck kulab abrm rmñl ñlna nak k prkcuanck co tbj fkr`b quo jb cns`nluanñl co jb prosnñl sob ulb `ocncb coj kxàholk aklsu`nck.

N`bhol 23. Surmncn`otràb. Fulcb`oltk. Ol ulb suspolsnñl `narkmnblb, jb abltncbc co `narkkrhblns`ks ostâ cnroatb`olto rojbanklbcb akl jb turmnocbc k colsncbc ñptnab. Jb `otkckjkhàb os ÷tnj akl ak l su susp spol olsn snkl klos os co co cols lsnc ncbc bc `n `nar arkm kmnb nblb lb mb mbgb gb y ak akl l au aujt jtnv nvks ks ol ck cklc lco o jk jks s `narkkrhblns`ks skl ulnaojujbros y akl ul tb`bòk co ulks aubltks `narñ`otrks, abrbat abr batorà oràstn stnabs abs quo jos por por`nt `ntol ol `bl `bltol tolors orso o sus suspol polcnc cncks ks y ek` ek`kh khîlo îlob`o b`olto lto

 

cnstrnmuncks4 ol tbltk quo akl `narkkrhblns`ks co `bykr tb`bòk y akl bquojjks prkcuatkros co pkjnsbaârncks ostb `otkckjkhàb lk os bcoaubcb. Lofojk`otràb Qo cofnlo ak`k jb cotoaanñl co jb olorhàb ju`àlnab cnsporsb k rofjogbcb ebanb ul cotoatkr quo lk so olauoltrb ol oj ab`nlk cnroatk coj ebz ju`nlksk. Jbs `ocnanklos so robjnzbl b `oluck ol ul cotor`nlbck âlhujk ol rojbanñl akl cnaek ebz. Jbs `ocn `o cnan ankl klos os lo lofo fojk jk`î `îtrn trnab abs s sk skl l `â `âs s bc bcoa oaub ubcb cbs s pb pbrb rb `o `ocn cnrr `u `uos ostrb trbs s au auyb yb aklaoltrbanñl co pbrtàaujbs os mbgb, jk quo cb b juhbr b ulb cîmnj cnsporsnñl co jb juz. fulcb ful cb`ol `oltk. tk. Os ul prkaocn`noltk blbjàtnak quo so mbsb ol jb cnsporsnñl co jb rbcnbanñl quo btrbvnosbl jbs pbrtàaujbs co `btornb. Aublck jb juz btrbvnosb ul `ocnk trblspbrolto ol oj quo oxnsto ulb suspolsnñl co pbrtàaujbs sñjncbs, so cnsporsb ol tkcbs cnroaanklos y ak`k aklsoauolanb so kmsorvb turmnb.

N`bhol 2?. @ocnanñl Lofojk`îtrnab

Lofojñ`otrk7 Nlstru`oltk pbrb `ocnr pbrtàaujbs suspolcncbs ol ul jàqunck. Ostk jk ebao o`pjoblck ulb fktkaojcb akjkabcb ol ul âlhujk co >9 9 akl rospoatk b ulb fuolto fuo lto ju` ju`nlk nlksb. sb. Jb col colsnc sncbc bc co pbr pbrtàa tàaujb ujbs s os olt oltkla klaos os ul ulb b ful fulanñ anñl l co jb juz rofj rofjog ogbc bcb b pk pkrr jb jbs s pb pbrt rtàa àauj ujbs bs b jb fk fktk tkao aojc jcb. b. Au Aubl bltb tb `âs `âs ju juz z so rofj rofjog ogo o ol ulb cotor`nlbcb colsncbc colsncbc co pbrtàaujbs copo copolco lco co jbs prkpnocbcos c co o jbs pbrtàaujbs ak`k su fkr`b, akjkr y rofjoatnvncbc. Ostbmjoanolck ulb akrrojbanñl co trbmbgk oltro turmncoz y sñjncks suspolcncks (quo os `âs ÷tnj, pork holorbj`olto ulb `âs cnfàanj pbrb aubltnfnabanñl pbrtàaujbs) como sor ostbmjoanck nlcopolcnolto`olto pbrb abcb sntubanñl. Jb _lncbc co Qno`mrb como sor co jb snhunolto fkr`b7 -

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Fnj Fnjtrb trbrr jb `uos `uostrb trb b bl blbjn bjnzb zbr. r. Oj vkj vkju`o u`ol l quo so ffnjtr njtrb b copo copolco lco c co o jb prkm prkmbmj bmjo o akltb`nlbanñl co jb `uostrb. O` O`mo momo morr jb bj` bj`ke kebc bcnjj njjb b akl oj ab abjc jck k ``-]o ]oau auol oltk tk co Ek Eklh lhks ks y Jo Jovb vbcu curb rbs s ebstb jb sbturbanñl (jb abltncbc co `ocnk co aujtnvk copolco coj hrbck co bmskranñl co jb `ns`b). Bpk Bpkybr ybr jb ` `o`m o`mrbl rblb b fnjt fnjtrbl rblto to sk skmro mro jb b bj`k j`kebc ebcnjj njjb b o`momn o`momncb cb ak akl l oj `oc `ocnk nk co aujtnvk. Nlau Nlaumb mbrr jbs jbs pjbab jbabs s b 199 A curblto 8= ekrbs.

Oj roauoltk como ebaorso ol bquojjbs pjbabs quo akltolhbl oltro =9 y =9 _FA. _l aklt ak ltok ok nlfo nlforn rnkr kr os osab abpb pb b jks jks jà` jà`nto ntos s co orrk orrkrr co cojj `î `îtk tkck ck.. Jb ak akla laol oltr trba banñ nñl l

   

`narkmnblb como oxprosbrso ak`k oj l÷`ork co Eklhks y Jovbcurbs prosoltos ol 299 `j co jb `uostrb.  Lk . co Akjklnbs x 299 ]oauoltk co eklhks y jovbcurbs 0   `j co `uostrb `uostrb fnjtrbcb fnjtrbcb Osabjb co @baFbrjblc7 Qo trbtb co ulb sorno co pbtrklos co turmncoz provnb`olto abjnmrbcks. Aklsnsto ol vbr brnk nks s tum tumks co vncrn ncrnk k eor or`î `îtn tna ab` b`o olt lto o aor orrb rbck cks s quo akl kltn tno olol {2% {2% co Aj=Mb+abltncbcos aroanoltos co QK3E= bj 2%) pkr jk tbltk4 ol abcb tumk so krnhnlb ul proanpntbck co QK3Mb, krnhol co jb turmncoz. Ybrb abcb aopb mbatornblb eby quo ostb os tbmj mjoa oaor or jb oq oqun unvb vbjo jola lanb nb ol oltr tro o jb tu turm rmnc ncoz oz co ab abcb cb tu tumk mk y jb `b `bsb sb k jb aklaoltrbanñl co mbatornbs (ol aîjujbs/`j) quo holorb ulb turmncoz sn`njbr.

]oforolanb7 -

Abr Abrjks jks Cu Cuoòb oòbs. s. @na @narkm rkmnkj nkjkhà khàb b Krbj ]ob ]objnz jnzbck bck ol Qo Qoptn ptno`m o`mro ro =92 =921 1 TNlt TNltorl orlotP otP Aklsujtbck ol Katumro =9=9 Cnspklnmjo ol7ettps7//os.sjncosebro.lot/]umnzzntb/`ocnankl-coj-aroan`noltk-`narkmnblk ol7 ettps7//os.sjncosebro.lot/]umnzzntb/`ocnankl-coj-aroan`noltk-`narkmnblk

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Go Gosu sus s r@u @uòk òkz zrlâl ]k ]kgb gbs. s. ^kjbl blcb cb O.los @k @krb jos s Oc Hb Hbra raàb àb. . nñl Bl Bltk lnk kporn Mb Mboz oz. yJb Vo Vorñ rñln lnab abr  Ru Runl nlto tor Eo Eorl âlco coz. z. ^kj Nl Nlst stnt ntua uank nklo s rbjo co Ocua uaba banñ l tkln Qu Qupo rnkr kr. jb jbmk mkr  nlvost nlv ostnhb nhbckr ckrb b o nll nllkvb kvbckr ckrb b ol @îx @îxnak nak.. Qanol Qanolao ao Bssk Bsskanbto anbtoc c Ocnt Ocntkrs krs J.J.A =926 =9 26.. _Q _QB. B.TN TNlt ltor orlo lotP tP Ak Akls lsuj ujtb tbck ck ol Ka Katu tumr mro o =9 =9=9 =9.. Cn Cnsp spkl klnm nmjo jo ol ol77 ettps7//www.rosobraehbto.lot/pumjnabtnkl/12=968? t/pumjnabtnkl/12=968?==[@otkcks[oa ==[@otkcks[oaklk`naks[  klk`naks[  ettps7//www.rosobraehbto.lo pbrb[jb[aubltnfnabankl[co[`narkkrhblns`ks - Vu Vujj jjk k C.J. C.J.,, Xb Xbae aes` s`bl bl @.M. @.M.,, Bjae Bjaeî î J.O. J.O. @nar @narkm kmnk nkjk jkhà hàb b ol Yrâatn Yrâatnab ab.. Oc Ocnt ntkr krnb nbjj  Btjblto Q.].J.. Muolks Bnros, =999 =999 - Cbuhu Cbuhuot. ot. S Sîaln îalnabs abs ol m mbato batornkjk rnkjkhàb. hàb. Ocntk Ocntkrnbj rnbj Gn`s. Mbrao Mbraojklb jklb Ospb Ospbòb òb 2 2>88. >88. - Qnl Qnl bu butk tkr. r. @î @îtk tkck cks s co aroa aroan` n`no nolt ltk k `n `nar arkm kmnb nblk lk.. TN TNlt ltor orlo lotP tP TAkl TAklsu sujt jtbc bck k ol katumro =9=9P. Cnspklnmjo ol7 ettps7//www.sjncosebro.lot/jn`byOsqunvoj/`tkcks-co-a Osqunvoj/`tkcks-co-aroan`noltk-`narkmnblkroan`noltk-`narkmnblkettps7//www.sjncosebro.lot/jn`by -

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oxpk Qnl b butkr utkr .Cnso .Cnsoòk òk y akls aklstruaa truaanñl nñl co u ul l ro rospnrñ spnrñ`otrk. `otrk. TNlto TNltorlotP rlotP TAkls TAklsujtbc ujtbck k ol katumro =9=9P Cnspklnmjo ol7 ettps7//nltrblot.aobutk`btnab.os ettps7//nltrblot.aobutk`btnab.os/kjc/batnvncbcos/gkrlbc /kjc/batnvncbcos/gkrlbcbs/UUV/ckau`oltks bs/UUV/ckau`oltks/12 /12 -rbzsfvaakv.pcf  Qnl b butk utkr. r. Ar Aroa oan`no n`noltk ltk ` `nar narkmn kmnbl blk. k. Tnl Tnltor torlot lotPP TAk TAklsu lsujtb jtbck ck ol kat katumr umro o =9=9P. =9=9P. Cnspklnmjo ol7 ettps7//www.babco`nb.ocu/=521852=/Aroan`noltk