Puntos de Hermeneutica

 

NTBEKCKLÅ@

C` p`c`or` FN_ENHÂ^TBG@, ntbekc÷lbg`enhtn sn dnrbv` dnc vnrok lrbnlk fnrenhnuk k –fnrenhnvnbh―, qun sblhbabg`= nxpcbg`r, tr`dugbr, bhtnrprnt`r. Zkr su r`åz (fnren), f` sbdk rnc`gbkh`dk gkh Fnrens, nc ebtkc÷lbgk fnr`cdk dn cks dbksns, ` qubnh sn `trbouå` c` bhvnhgb÷h dn cks endbks eàs ncnenht`cns dn gkeuhbg`gb÷h, nh p`rtbguc`r  nc cnhlu`mn y c` nsgrbtur`. T`htk nc gkhgnptk lrbnlk, gkek nc dn âpkg`s pkstnrbkrns sn rnabnrnh ` c` dntnrebh`gb÷h dnc sblhbabg`dk dn c`s p`c`or`s, endb`htn c`s gu`cns sn f` nxprns`dk uh pnhs`ebnhtk. C` Fnrenhâutbg`, `pcbg`d` `c g`epk dn c` tnkcklå` grbstb`h`, tbnhn pkr komntk abm`r cks prbhgbpbks y hkre`s qun f`h dn `pcbg`rsn nh c` bhtnrprnt`gb÷h dn cks cborks dn c` Obocb`. Târebhk sbh÷hbek dn Fnrenhâutbg`, ns= «nxâlnsbs¹ (dnc lrbnlk, nxnlnke`b 5 nxpcbg`r, nxpkhnr, bhtnrprnt`r). Nh nc euhdk lrngkrrke`hk, sn `pcbg`o` ` nxpnrbnhgb`s rncblbks`s, p`rtbguc`renhtn ` c` bhtnrprnt`gb÷h dn kràgucks k sunðks. @gtu`cenhtn sn us` p`r` nxprns`r c` pràgtbg` dn c` bhtnrprnt`gb÷h dnc tnxtk, ebnhtr`s qun c` Fnrenhâutbg` dntnrebh` cks prbhgbpbks y rnlc`s qun dnonh rnlbr c` nxâlnsbs. Wn f` dn nhtnhdnr, qun c` Fnrenhâutbg` gkek gbnhgb`, hk ns uh` e`tnrb` hunv`. Nst` p`c`or` sn `pcbg` ` c` nxpcbg`gb÷h k bhtnrprnt`gb÷h dn gu`cqubnr dkguenhtk nsgrbtk9 d`hdk pkrC` snht`dk, nc prkp÷sbtk krblbh`c cnhlu`mn `utkr dn uh nsgrbtk gunstb÷h. nxâlnsbs, ns c` gbnhgb`, qunnh snncnhg`rl` dndnc c` bhtnrprnt`gb÷h y c` nh nxpcbg`gb÷h dn ck qun dbgn nc tnxtk Oåocbgk9 nc âha`sbs dn c` nxâlnsbs, ns dnsguorbr nc prkp÷sbtk krblbh`c dnc `utkr. DNABHBGB×H 

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Fnrenhâutg` sn rnanrn `c `rn dn bhnrprn`r nxks obnh sn`h dn g`ràgnr Fnrenhâutg` s`lr`dk, acks÷agk k cbnr`rbk. @sbebsek, ` r`vâs dn c` fnrenhâutg` sn prnnhdn nhgkhr`r nc vnrd`dnrk sblhbag`dk dn c`s p`c`or`s, `hk nsgrb`s gkek vnro`cns. Dnsdn c` pnrspngtv` dn c` acksk` dnnhdbd` pkr F`hs-Lnkrl L`d`enr, nsn gkhgnpk dnsgrbon ` c` dnhkebh`d` nkrå` dn c` c ` vnrd`d y gkhstuyn nc prkgndbebnhk qun pnrebn nxprns`r c` uhbvnrs`cbz`gb÷h dn c` g`p`gbd`d bhnrprn`tv` dnsdn c` pnrskh`c y nspngåag` fbskrbgbd`d.

G@_@GTN_BWTBG@W 

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C` fnrenhâutg` dbanrn dn c` gkhgnpgb÷h pksbtvbs` dnc uhbvnrsk, ns dngbr, sn dbrbln ` c` nxpcbg`gb÷h nkc÷lbg` dn c`s gks`s skorn c` nxpcbg`gb÷h g`us`c dn c` ebse`. _ngf`z` c`s nkrå`s pksbtvbs`s rnspngk `c g`ràgnr e`neàtgk, prndbgtvk y g`us`c dn cks nh÷enhks fue`hks.

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Wn `gnhý` c` bdnhtd`d sumnk-komnk, nh `hk nc bhvnstl`dkr y nc komnk dn bhvnstl`gb÷h pnrnhngnh ` uh ebsek uhbvnrsk fbs÷rbgk y nh gkhsngunhgb` gkhsngunhgb`,, sn pksbobcb` c` gkeprnhsb÷h dnsdn dnhrk dn cks nh÷enhks fbs÷rbgks, skgb`cns y fue`hks.

 

TBZKW DN FN_ENHÂ^TBG@ Fnrenhâutg` ackc÷lbg` Wurlbd` fbs÷rbg`enhn nh @cnm`hdrå` pkr c` `rn` dn ns`ocngnr nc snhtdk `uâhtgk dn cks nxks `htluks, y p`rtguc`renhn cks lr`hdns pkne`s dn Fkenrk, ksgurngbdks pkr nc tnepk, nh `hk qun `qunc ns bhe`hnhn ` c` sbu`gb÷h dn gkeuhbg`gb÷h nh c` qun f`h sbdk prkdugbdks.

Fnrenhâutg` oåocbg` Wn nhgunhr` dnsdn cks sblcks VQBB y VQBBB `pcbg`d` ` uh` bhnrprn`gb÷h gkrrng`, gkrrng`, komntv` y gkeprnhsbocn dn c` Obocb`. Ns` r`e` dn c` fnrenhâutg` bhnh` r`z`r uh punhn dn gkeprnhsb÷h nhrn nc p`s`mn oåocbgk (p`c`or` nsgrb`) y c` rn`cbd`d prnsnhn. C` fnrenhâutg` oåocbg`, sbneprn rnspn` nc snhtdk fbs÷rbgk y cbnr`rbk dnc nxk, pnrk `orn c`s punr`s p`r` uh` bhnrprn`gb÷h s÷cbd` y pnrthnhn, sbh vbkcnh`r ck qun sn qubsk dngbr bhbgb`cenhn.

Fnrenhâutg` acks÷ag` C` «fnrenhâutg` acks÷ag`¹ acks÷ag`¹ ns bhdnpnhdbnhn dn c` cbhlóåstg` y ousg` dnnrebh`r c`s gkhdbgbkhns r`sgnhdnh`cns r`sgnhdnh`cns dn kd` bhnrprn`gb÷h. Ns dngbr, bhnrprn` c`s `gtvbd`dns dnc fkeorn guck.

K_BLNH DN C@ FN_ENHNÝTBG@

 

Arbndrbgf Wgfcnbnre`gfnr Ns gkhsbdnr`dk nc p`drn dn c` fnrenhâutg`, fnrenhâutg`, `orbnhdk c`s punr`s ` c` gkhstugb÷h gkhstugb÷h dn uh s`onr qun nhå` pkr komnk `c fkeorn y sus prkduggbkhns nspbrbu`cns y, nh uh snhtdk eàs lnhnr`c, ` kd` c` fue`hbd`d. Gkeprnhdnr Gkeprnhdnr nc snhtdk dn c` vbd` fue`h`, gkeprnhdnr nc snhtdk `uâhtgk dn uh nxk nh uh` bhnhgb÷h d`d`, gkeprnhdnr nc lr`h nxk dn c` fbskrb` dnc euhdk, nsgrbk bhgkhsgbnhnenhn pkr c` fue`hbd`d, sn gkhvnr` nh komnk dn c` fnrenhâutg`. fnrenhâutg`. Wn nhg`rl÷ dn ccnv`r nc nrrnhk dn c` fnrenhâutg` `c g`epk dn c` `gtvbd`d dnc pnhs pnhs`r `r y nxprns`r. Wn pundn dngbr, nhkhgns, qun gkh âc nrebh` uh` âpkg` y gkebnhz` `clk hunvk= uh` fnrenhâutg` lnhnr`c dn gkeprnhsb÷h cbhlóåstg`, nh c` qun sn d` uh` prbkrbd`d ` ck qun sblhbag` nc `gk dn gkeprnhdnr, ` c` `ggb÷h fue`h` qun sn dnspcbnl` nh kdk prkgnsk dn gkeprnhsb÷h. Hk kos`hn, Wgfcnbnre`gfnr `gnhý` qun c` en` y nc komntvk dn nsn `rn dn gkeprnhdnr –gkrrng`enhn― uh dbsgursk ns nvb`r nc –e`cnhnhdbdk―, ns dngbr, uh` gkeprnhsb÷h bh`dngu`d`, `clk qun sn prkdugn sbneprn nhrn ck dbgfk y c` bhnhgb÷h dn ck dbgfk, nhrn c` bhdbvbdu`cbd`d dnc `ukr y su nxprnsb÷h nh nc cnhlu`mn, puns c` nxprnsb÷h n xprnsb÷h bhdbvbdu`c r`sebn uh pnhs`ebnhk qun ns nc ebsek.

 

Gkek dbgn L`d`enr, Wgfcnbnre`gfnr dnahn c` fnrenhâutg` gkek –nc –n c `rn dn nvb`r nc e`cnhnhdbdk―, f`gbnhdk dnc e`cnhnhdbdk uh ncnenhk nsnhgb`c nh kd` gkeprnhsb÷h, dn `c e`hnr` qun `quå qund` gkhnhbd` nh ns` nxprnsb÷h hnl`tv` kd` c` `rn` fnrenhâutg`

\bcfnce Dbcfny Ns` pnrspngtv` bhubrà nh `c `p`rbgb÷h dn fbskrbgbsek dbcfnb`hk. \bcfnce Dbcfny (0667 ‗ 0200) grnn qun kd` e`hbns`gb÷h nspbrbu`c fue`h`, (y hk skck dn nxks ngrbks), tnhn qun snr gkeprnhdbdk dnhrk dnc gkhnxk fbs÷rbgk dn su âpkg`. Wb cks `gkhngbebnhks dn c` h`ur`cnz` dnonh snr nxpcbg`dks, cks `gkhngbebnhks fbs÷rbgks, cks v`ckrns y c` gucur` dnonh snr gkeprnhdbdks. Dbcfny un nc prbenrk nh kreuc`r c` du`cbd`d dn c`s gbnhgb`s dn c` h`ur`cnz` y c`s gbnhgb`s dnc nspårbu, qun sn dbsthlun rnspngtv`enhn pkr nc usk dn uh eâkdk `h`cåtgk nsgc`rngndkr, uh`, y nc usk dn uh prkgndbebnhk dn gkeprnhsb÷h gkeprnhsb÷h dnsgrbptv`, c` kr`. Gkeprnhsb÷h y `prnfnhsb÷h dn uh sblhbag`dk y snhtdk ns ck qun sn prnsnh` ` c` gkeprnsb÷h g keprnsb÷h gkek gkhnhbdk. Wkck pkdneks dnnrebh`r c` gkeprnhsb÷h pkr nc snhtdk y nc snhtdk `pnh`s pkr c` gkeprnsb÷h. Tkd` gkeprnsb÷h ns `prnfnhsb÷h dn uh snhtdk. Z`r` Dbcfny kdk gkhkgbebnhk dn c`s gbnhgb`s dnc nspårbu ns uh` gkeprnsb÷h y uh gkhkgbebnhk fbs÷rbgk. Nsn gkhkgbebnhk ns pksbocn pkrqun c` vbd` (nc komnk dn nsudbk dn c`s gbnhgb`s dnc nspårbu) lnhnr` nsrugur`s, y` sn`h dnsdn uh` kor` pbg÷rbg` ` uh` cbnr`rb`9 nhkhgns gkhgndn ` c` fnrenhâutg` nc p`pnc dn dbsgbpcbh` nhg`rl`d` dn bhnrprn`r dbgf`s nsrugur`s, pnrebtnhdk nc gkhkgbebnhk nh c`s gbnhgb`s dnc nspårbu.

E`rth Fnbdnllnr R` nh nc VV, E`rth Fnbdnllnr, nh n h su `hàcbsbs dn c` gkeprnhsb÷h, `are` qun, nh gu`cqubnr` qun sn`, prnsnh` uh` nsrugur` gbrguc`r. Tkd` bhnrprn`gb÷h, p`r` prkdugbr gkeprnhsb÷h, dnon y` nhnr gkeprnhdbdk ck qun v` ` bhnrprn`r. Fnbdnllnr bhrkdugn hunvks dnrrknrks nh c` fnrenhâutg` `c dnm`r dn gkhsbdnr`rc` ýhbg`enhn gkek uh ekdk dn gkeprnsb÷h dnc nspårbu dn kr`s âpkg`s y pnhs`rc` gkek nc ekdk uhd`enh`cenhn dn sbu`rsn nc snr fue`hk nh nc euhdk= Nxbstr ns gkeprnhdnr. Dnsdn nhkhgns su fnrenhâutg` dn c` `gtgbd`d sn gkhvbnrn nh uh` acksk` qun bdnhtag` c` vnrd`d gkh uh` bhnrprn`gb÷h fbs÷rbg`enhn sbu`d`.

F`hs-Lnkrl L`d`en Gkhkgbdk gkek nc bepucskr dn c` acksk` fnrenhâutg` gkhnepkràhn`, L`d`enr sn g`r`gnrbz÷ pkr su f`obcbd`d p`r` bhgkrpkr`r dnhrk dn uh` gkhgnpgb÷h prkpb` y krblbh`c uh` euctpcbgbd`d dn ektvks gnhr`cns dn eugfks dn cks prbhgbp`cns rnprnsnh`hns dn c` r`dbgb÷h acks÷ag` kggbdnh`c.

Ns nc uhd`dkr dn c` Nsgunc` Fnrenhâutg`. Wksnhå` qun c` bhnrprn`gb÷h dnon nvb`r c` `robr`rbnd`d y c`s cbeb`gbkhns surlbd`s dn cks fàobks enh`cns, gnhr`hdk su ebr`d` nh c`s gks`s ebse`s, nh cks nxks. @are` qun sbneprn qun hks `gnrg`eks ` uh nxk ck f`gneks dnsdn uh prkyngk, gkh `cluh` bdn` dn ck qun `cbsn dbgn. @ endbd` qun prkuhdbz`ekss nh c` cngur`, nsn prkyngk v` v`rb`dk y n v` rnkreuc`hdk snlýh c` prkuhdbz`ek

 

cngur` hks v`y` gkhare`hdk gkhare`hdk k `cnr`hdk hunsr` prngkeprnhsb÷h. Gkek nsn prkgnsk pundn prkckhl`rsn `c bhahbk, huhg` pkdneks `are`r qun fneks d`dk c` bhnrprn`gb÷h ýcte` y dnahbtv`. Nc prkyngk acks÷agk l`d`enrb`hk, `c gkek qund` dnahbdk nh –vnrd`d y eâkdk―, un nc`okr`dk nh rnc`gb÷h dbrng` gkh c` c ` fnrenhâutg` acks÷ag`. Nc cklrk dn L`d`enr rnsbdbrå` nh dnsguorbr y eksr`r c` h`ur`cnz` dn c` gkeprnhsb÷h fue`h` ` hbvnc n÷rbgk enkdkc÷lbgk, ns dngbr, c` vnrd`d nsà åhte`enhn cbl`d` `c eâkdk.

Z@WKW DNC EÂTKDK FN_ENHÂ^TBGK @cluhks `ukrns bhdbg`h qun c` bhvnstl`gb÷h fnrenhâutg` pksnn rns `sns prbhgbp`cns y dks hbvncns.  hbvncns. 

C`s n`p`s f`gnh rnnrnhgb` `c ns`ocngbebnhk dn uh lrupk dn nxk qun sn dnhkebh` –g`hkh― p`r` bhnrprn`r, c` bhnrprn`gb÷h dn nsks nxks y nc n c ns`ocngbebnhk dn nkrå`s.

@så, sn `prngb` qun c` prbenr` n`p` dnc eâkdk fnrenhâutgk gkrrnspkhdn `c hbvnc nepårbgk y c`s kr`s dks n`p`s pnrnhngnh `c hbvnc bhnrprn`tvk, pkr ck qun c` bhvnstl`gb÷h surln cunlk dn uh` nxpckr`gb÷h qun sn rn`cbz` ` c` obocbklr`` y ` c` bdnhtag`gb÷h dn uh prkocne`.

Nh `c snhtdk, ` gkhthu`gb÷h dnsgrbobrneks cks p`sks eàs rncnv`hns qun dnon bhgcubr kd` bhvnstl`gb÷h fnrenhâutg`=

Bdnhtag`gb÷h dn `clýh prkocne` (snlýh c` obocbklr`` skorn nc ne`) Nh gu`cqubnr eâkdk qun sn `pcbqun p`r` nc dnsnhvkcvbebnhk dn uh` bhvnstl`gb÷h gkh c` en` dn cklr`r nc komntvk pc`hn`dk, sn rn`cbz` nc pc`hn`ebnhk dnc prkocne`. Nsn pc`hn`ebnhk pundn f`gnrsn dn dbsth`s kre`s= y` sn` kreuc`hdk prnluh`s k sbepcnenhn bdnhtag`hdk guàc ns c` sbu`gb÷h ` bhvnstl`r.

Bdnhtag`gb÷h dn nxks rncnv`hns (snlýh c` n`p` nepårbg`) Nh ns` n`p` sn ke`h nh gunh` kdks cks nxks nx ks us`dks —bhgcuynhdk c`s rnd`ggbkhns qun sn fbgbnrkh nh nc prkgnsk dn c` bhvnstl`gb÷h p`r` krtag`r c` grn`tvbd`d, grn `tvbd`d, c` h`rr`tv` y c` prkduggb÷h dn nxks— gkh nc komnk dn grn`r g rn`r hunv`s nkrå`s nh nc àeobk ndug`tvk. Cks bhvnstl`dkrns pkdrå`h us`r sus prkpbks cngkrns k ne`s.

Q`cbd`gb÷h dn nxks

_nspkhdn ` c` rn`cbz`gb÷h dn prnluh`s bhnrh`s dnc bhvnstl`dkr skorn sb c` g`htd`d y g`cbd`d dn nxks ns c` `prkpb`d` p`r` rn`cbz`r bhnrprn`gbkhns. @ nsk sn cn dnhkebh` gråtg` bhnrh`.

 

@hàcbsbs dn d`ks T`eobâh ns cc`e`d` oýsqund` dn p`u`s nh cks nxks, y tnhn qun vnr gkh qun, `c ekenhk dn `h`cbz`r cks d`ks nxr`ådks, nc bhvnstl`dkr hk tnhn cåebns nh gu`hk `c tpk y hýenrk dn d`ks qun dno`h snr `h`cbz`dks. Zkr nc gkhr`rbk, nc bhvnstl`dkr ns qubnh pkhn sus prkpbks cåebns y nsgkln nc hýenrk dn eunsr`s ` nsudb`r.

@sbebsek, nxbsnh eýctpcns nhkquns fnrenhâutgks qun gkeprnhdnh c`s nkrå`s, c` nxpcbg`gb÷h dn p`u`s y c` lnhnr`gb÷h dn uh` bhnrprn`gb÷h.

Wn `h`cbz`h cks nxks nh nc àeobk nh qun unrkh grn`dks, pkr kre` snp`r`d`, nh snggbkhns y gkhkren `c nhkqun qun nc `ukr qubsk d`r, p`r` dnspuâs gkhkre`r `c nsgrbkr gkepcnk nh uh kdk bhnlr`c.

Db`câgtg` gkeuh`c T`eobâh ns gkhkgbd` pkr c` rnc`gb÷h dn c` hunv` bhnrprn`gb÷h gkh c`s nxbsnhns. Ns dngbr, cunlk dn rn`cbz`r uh` bhnrprn`gb÷h bhdbvbdu`c nh uh` bhvnstl`gb÷h, c` ebse` hk gucebh` `ccå, sbhk qun sn `orn ` c` gkeuhbd`d enkdkc÷lbg` dn e`hnr` nxbsnhgb`c.