PSPO Testing.docx

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All Sprints are the same: no Sprint 0, no hardening Sprint, no integration Sprint, etc. Only the developers participate in the Daily Scrums. We don’t have baselines in Scrum. There’s only one Product Backlog and one Product Owner for one product. There are no additional roles and titles in Scrum, and none of them manage the others.

1. How often should customer satisfaction be measured? A) B) C) D)

Annually Quarterly Daily Frequently

2. In the middle of the Sprint, the customer decides that there are 2 new features she wants. The Product Owner could: A) B) C) D)

Have the Development Team add these features to the current Sprint Have the Scrum Master add these features to the current Sprint Introduce these features at the next Sprint Planning meeting Introduce these features at the next Daily Scrum

3. Who creates a Product Backlog item’s estimate? A) The Product Owner with input from the Development Team B) The Development Team, alone C) The Development Team after clarifying requirements with the Product Owner D) The Scrum Master E) The most senior people in the organization, including architects and subject matter experts

4. How small should a “ready” Product Backlog item be? A) B) C) D) E)

Small enough to build in 1 Sprint No longer than one day Small enough for a single team member to complete in a Sprint No bigger than 8 story points It should fit on a small index card 1 | Page

5. *An organization has decided to adopt Scrum, but management wants to change the terminology to fit with terminology already used. What will likely happen if this is done? A) Without a new vocabulary as a reminder of the change, very little change may actually happen B) The organization may not understand what has changed within Scrum and the benefits of Scrum may be lost C) Management may feel less anxious D) All answers apply

6. What is Product Owner work that a Product Owner might delegate? A) B) C) D)

Write User Stories Order the Product Backlog Represent stakeholders to the Scrum team Attend the Sprint Review

7. A done Increment is valuable if: (Choose 2 answers) A) B) C) D) E)

It is likely to increase customer satisfaction It meets the business analyst’s specifications It is delivered when the Product Owner expected it It reduces long-term operational costs It has all the features that the Product Owner wanted in that Sprint

8. The Product Owner makes sure the right stakeholders are invited to the Sprint Retrospective. They might have important instructions for team improvements. A) True B) False

9. Which is the most important stakeholder Product Owners must satisfy? A) The company owner or shareholders B) Executive staf 2 | Page

C) The Chief Product Owner D) The product’s users

10. A) B) C) D) E) F)

When can a Development Team cancel a Sprint?

The Product Owner is absent too often Functional expectations are not well understood It can’t. Only Product Owners can cancel Sprints The forecast for the Sprint becomes un-achievable A technical dependency cannot be resolved Answers A or D

11. My job as a Product Owner focuses on the following: (Choose 2 answers) A) Writing clear, transparent User Stories B) Working with customers and stakeholders to identify the most important product requirements C) Being with the Scrum team all the time, just in case they need me to clarify a requirement D) Clearly communicating project or release status and strategies to customers and stakeholders

12. Which two (2) metrics will help a Product Owner establish that value is being delivered? A) B) C) D) E)

Time to market Customer satisfaction Velocity Productivity Budget spent

13. During the Sprint Review it is up to the stakeholders to reorder the Product Backlog. A) True B) False

14. Who determines how work is performed during the Sprint? 3 | Page

A) B) C) D) E)

The Scrum Master Development Team managers The Development Team Architects Subject matter experts

15. What typically happens if Product Backlog is not sufficiently clear at Sprint Planning? A) The Development Team has difficulties creating a forecast of work for the Sprint B) Nothing in particular C) It is compensated if the Product Owner gives the team a clear Sprint Goal instead D) The meeting is canceled so refinement can be done first E) The Scrum Master shouldn’t allow this to happen. Look for a new Scrum Master and re-start the Sprint

16. *The Development Team should have all the skills needed to: A) Complete the project as estimated when the date and cost are committed to the Product Owner B) Do all of the development work, but not the types of testing that require specialized testing, tools, and environments C) Turn the Product Backlog items it selects into an increment of potentially shippable product functionality

17. When is a Product Backlog item considered complete? A) When all work in the Sprint Backlog that is related to it is complete B) The items has no work remaining that must still be done before it can be used by its end user C) At the end of the Sprint D) When QA reports that it passes all acceptance criteria

18. What is typical work for a Product Owner in a Sprint? (Choose 2 answers) A) Attend every Daily Scrum to answer functional questions on the discussed Sprint Backlog items B) Update the work plan for the Development Team on a daily basis 4 | Page

C) D) E) F)

Work with the Development Team on Product Backlog refinement Create financial reporting upon the spent hours reported by the Development Team Collaborate with stakeholders, user communities and product managers Nothing

19. Why would you expect a Product Owner to care about the Development Team adhering to its definition of “Done?” (Choose 2 answers) A) B) C) D)

He doesn’t have to care. Other systems aren’t very good either To predict the team’s productivity over time To control the Total Cost of Ownership of the product To be able to reprimand the team when they don’t meet their velocity goal for the Sprint E) To have complete transparency into what has been done at the end of each Sprint

20. A property functioning Scrum Team will have at least one Release Sprint and may well have several. A) True B) False

21.

The “cone of uncertainty” can be used to do what?

A) Determine the cost of a project before it is begun B) Project what will be complete by a given Sprint C) Determine whether to cut quality, similar to the “Iron Triangle” of software development D) Illustrate that, as forecast lengthens, it is increasingly less certain

22. Which of the following practices might help the Product Owner minimize waste in developing and sustaining the Product Backlog? (Choose 2 answers) A) Let others manage the Product Backlog B) Only fully describe Product Backlog items when it seems sure that they are likely to be implemented C) Write or cause Product Backlog items to be written clearly, and with as little ambiguity as possible D) Always write the Product Backlog items as computer code that will later just be tested by developers 5 | Page

23. A product’s success is measured by: (Choose 3 answers) A) B) C) D) E) F)

The impact on customer satisfaction The delivery of upfront defined scope compared to the upfront planned time The impact on revenue The impact on cost The impact on my performance rating The impact on my boss’s mood

24.What might indicate to a Product Owner that she needs to work more with the Scrum Team? A) She isn’t working full time with the Scrum team B) The increment presented at the Sprint Review does not reflect what she thought she had asked for C) Developers leave the Team D) The acceptance tests don’t appear to be complete 25.What are two responsibilities of testers in a Development Team? (Choose two answers) A) B) C) D) E)

Scrum has no “tester” role Finding bugs Verifying the work of programmers Tracking quality metrics Everyone in the Development Team is responsible for quality

26.What is the role of the Product Owner in crafting the Sprint Goal? A) The Product Owner shouldn’t come to the Sprint Planning without a clearly defined Sprint Goal B) The Product Owner should come to the Sprint Planning with a business objective in mind and work with the Development Team to craft the Sprint Goal based upon the forecast. C) The Product Owner has no role in it. This is the Development Team’s responsibility. D) The Product Owner defines the scope for a Sprint and therefore also the Sprint Goal. E) The Product Owner must work with the stakeholders to set each Sprint’s Goal.

27. *During the Daily Scrum, the Scrum Master’s role is to: A) Lead the discussions of the Development Team. 6 | Page

B) Make sure that all 3 questions have been answered. C) Manage the meeting in a way that each team member has a chance to speak. D) Teach the Development Team to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15 minutes timebox. E) All of the above.

28.As the Sprint Planning meeting progresses, the workload is getting to be greater than the Development Team’s capacity. Which two actions make the most sense to do? (Choose 2 answers) A) Ask the Development Team to work overtime for this Sprint and promise that it won’t happen again. B) Start the Sprint and recruit additional Development Team members. C) Cancel the Sprint. D) Remove or change selected product Backlog items. E) The Development Team ensures that the Product Owner is aware, starts the Sprint and monitors progress.

29.Who must do all the work to make sure Product Backlog items conform to the Definition of “Done?” A) B) C) D) E)

The Scrum Team The Development Team The Product Owner QA Specialists The Scrum Master

30.What are the benefits of including testing within the Sprint’s development activities? (Choose 3 answers) A) B) C) D)

The Increment is likely to be more complete. Transparency of the Increment is increased. The Increment is closer to being potentially releasable. The project manager can more efectively report progress.

31.All work to be done by the Development Team must ultimately originate from the Product Backlog? A) True B) False

32.

The Product Owner must ship each Sprint increment. 7 | Page

A) B) C) D)

Without exception. When it makes sense. Whenever the product is free of defects. To make sure the Development Team is done every Sprint.

33. The Product Owner should have a complete and exhaustive Product Backlog before the first Sprint can start? A) True B) False

34. The Development Team finds out during the Sprint that they aren’t likely to build everything they forecasted. What would you expect a Product Owner to do? A) Cancel the Sprint. B) Change the Sprint Goal. C) Re-work the selected Product Backlog items with the Development Team to meet the Sprint Goal. D) Skip Product Backlog refinement activities. E) Inform management that more resources are needed.

35. A) B) C) D)

*When does the next Sprint begin?

Next Monday. Immediately following the next Sprint Planning. When the Product Owner is ready. Immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint.

36. In order to maximize the value of the product, a Product Owner needs awareness of the following: A) B) C) D) E) F)

Competitive research Customer feedback Product vision Forecasting & feasibility All of the above None of the above

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37. Which is NOT a valid consideration when ordering a Product Backlog? A) B) C) D) E)

Alignment with business strategy and goals Risk Importance to customers Development Team tools and techniques Dependencies on other Product Backlog items

38. If burndown charts are used to visualize progress, what do they track? A) B) C) D)

Accumulated cost Work remaining across time Accumulated business value delivered to the customer Individual worker productivity

39.Which of the following best describes an increment of working software? A) An automated test suites to verify functionality delivered in previous iterations. B) UML diagrams that describe how to deliver functionality in future iterations. C) A decomposition of all Product Backlog items into tasks for future Sprint Backlog lists. D) A new user interface design for functionality delivered in previous iterations. E) Additional features in a useable state that complement those delivered in previous iterations.

40.Sprint Reviews are an opportune time to collect customer feedback. A) True B) False

41.Sprint burndown charts are an efficient tracking tool because they show: A) B) C) D)

How much efort has gone into a Sprint? An estimate of the total work remaining for the Sprint. How many hours have been worked by each Development Team member? How many Product Backlog items remain?

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42.Product Owners must create clear and unambiguous acceptance criteria for each Product Backlog item before it may be selected in Sprint Planning. A) True B) False

43.What does it mean for a Development Team to be cross-functional? A) Developers on the Development Team work closely with business analysts, architects, developers and testers who are not on the team. B) The Development Team is a virtual team drawing from separate team of business analysts, architects, developers and testers. C) The Development Team includes not only developers but also business analysts, architects, developers and testers. D) The Development Team includes cross-skilled individuals who are able to contribute to do what is necessary to deliver an increment of software.

44.The time-box for the Sprint Review is? A) B) C) D)

4 hours for 4 week Sprint. Usually shorter for shorter Sprints. At the end of every Sprint. 15 minutes However long is needed.

45.Which two things does the Development Team NOT do during the first Sprint? (Choose 2 answers) A) B) C) D)

Deliver an Increment of potentially releasable functionality. Nail down the complete architecture and infrastructure. Develop and deliver at least one piece of functionality. Develop a plan for the rest of the project.

46.There are multiple teams working on one product. Each team should have a separate Product Owner. A) True B) False

47.The definition of “Done” is used to: (Choose 3 answers) A) Increase transparency. B) Create a shared understanding of when work is complete. 10 | Page

C) Describe the work that must be done before the Sprint can end. D) Describe the purpose, objective, and timebox of each Scrum event. E) Guide the Development Team on how many Product Backlog items to do in a Sprint.

48. A Product Owner working with multiple teams working on one product should maintain separate Product Backlog for each team. A) True B) False

49. *The maximum length of the Sprint Review (its timebox) is: A) B) C) D) E)

2 hours. 4 hours for a monthly Sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter. As long as needed. 1 day. 4 hours and longer as needed.

50. What are advantages of Product Owner with a solid product vision? (Choose 3 answers) A) It gives a good overall direction so Sprints will feel less like isolated pieces of work. B) It is easier to inspect incremental progress at the Sprint Review. C) It’s not mandatory in Scrum. There’s no real advantage. D) It helps the Scrum Team keep focus and they can check any decision against it, even within a Sprint. E) It helps the Scrum Team to keep focus on when the complete Product Backlog should be finished.

51.What activities would a Product Owner typically undertake in the phase between the current Sprint Review meeting and the next Sprint’ Sprint Planning? A) Refining the Product Backlog. B) Updating the project plan with stakeholders. C) There are no such activities. The next Sprint starts immediately after the current Sprint. D) Working with the QA departments on the Increment of the current Sprint. 11 | Page

52.Which of the following might the Scrum Team discuss during a Sprint Retrospective? A) B) C) D) E)

Methods of communication. The way the Scrum Team does Sprint Planning. Skills needed to improve the Development Team’s ability to deliver. Its Definition of “done.” All of the above.

53.When should the Product Owner update the project plan? A) The Product Backlog is the plan in Scrum. It is updated as new information and insights emerge. B) Before the Sprint Planning to know how much work will have to be done in the Sprint. C) After the Daily Scrum to ensure an accurate daily overview of project progress. D) Scrum forbids having a project plan. E) The Product Owner shouldn’t be occupied by that. It is work for the Project Manager.

54.When should the Product Backlog be refined? (Choose 2 answers) A) B) C) D)

The Product Owner and the Development Team do it in the 1-2 preceding Sprints. The Product Owner takes the time between the Sprints to do it. The Produce Owner must do this as essential work in Sprint 0. The Product Owner and the Development Team do it in the actual Sprint if they haven’t been able to do it in preceding Sprints. E) Business analysts in the organizations should do this work for the Scrum Team 1-2 Sprints head of the development Sprints.

55.Who determines when it is appropriate to update the Sprint Backlog during a Sprint? A) B) C) D)

The Product Owner The Development Team The Scrum Master The Project Manager

56.Software dependencies could influence how the Product Owner orders Product Backlog Items. A) True B) False 12 | Page

57.A Product Owner can measure success by an increase in the team’s velocity. A) True B) False

58. *Who is responsible for registering the work estimates during a Sprint? A) B) C) D)

The Development Team The Scrum Master The Product Owner The most junior member of the Team

59. Why is it important that there is only one Product Owner per product? (Choose 3 answers) A) B) C) D)

It is clear who is accountable for the ultimate success of the product. The Development Team always knows who determines priorities. It helps the economy by increasing employment. It helps avoid barriers to effective communication and rapid decisionmaking. E) The Scrum Master knows who will be his back-up whenever he goes on vacation.

60.Which statement best describes the Sprint Backlog as outcome of the Sprint Planning? A) B) C) D)

It is a complete list of all work to be done in a Sprint. Each task is estimated in hours. It is the Development Team’s plan for the Sprint. Every item has a designated owner. It is ordered by the Product Owner.

61.During a Sprint Retrospective, for what is the Product Owner responsible? A) B) C) D)

He/She doesn’t need to be there. Capturing requirements for the Product Backlog. Participating as Scrum Team member. Summarizing and reporting the discussions to the stakeholders that he/she represents in the Scrum Team. 13 | Page

62. *Development Team members step up to own a Sprint Backlog item: A) At the Sprint planning meeting. B) Never. All Sprint Backlog Items are “owned” by the entire Development Team, even though each one may be done by an individual Development Team member. C) Whenever a team member can accommodate more work. D) During the Daily Scrum.

63.Choose three responsibilities of a self-organizing Development Team. A) B) C) D) E) F)

Report daily progress to stakeholders. Do the work planned in the Sprint Backlog. Pull Product Backlog items for the Sprint. Track velocity. Reorder the Product Backlog. Set the time for the Daily Scrum.

64. *When many Development Teams are working on a single product, what best describes the definition of “Done?” A) Each Development Team defines and uses its own. The diferences are discussed and reconciled during a hardening Sprint. B) Each Development Team uses its own but must make their definition clear to all other Teams so the diference are known. C) All Development Teams must have a definition of “Done” that makes their combined work potentially releasable. D) It depends.

65.A Product Backlog is: (Choose 3 answers) A) An inventory of things to be done for the Product. B) Ordered based on priority, value, dependencies, and risk. C) An exhaustive list of upfront approved requirements to be implemented for the system. D) Managed by the Product Owner. E) Only visible to the Product Owner and stakeholders.

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66.What percentage of the time should a Product Owner dedicate to the Scrum Team? (Choose two) A) B) C) D)

100% 40%, or more if the stakeholders agree. Just enough time to keep the developers from complaining. Enough time to avoid the waste that is created by delaying functional answers to the Development Team. E) Enough to maximize the value being delivered in the increment. F) As much as the stakeholders want to budget. Business analysts take over the role the rest of the time.

67.The Product Owner is accountable for the functionality included in each Increment. Does he or she have the final say over the definition of “Done”? A) Yes, the Product Owner is responsible for the definition of “Done”. The Development Team may be consulted. B) No, the Development Team is responsible for the definition of “Done”. The Product Owner may be consulted.

68.Which three of the following are timeboxed events in Scrum? A) B) C) D) E) F) G)

Sprint Testing Release Testing Daily Scrum Sprint 0 Release Retrospective Sprint Planning Sprint Retrospective

69.Which phrase best describes a Product Owner? A) B) C) D)

Requirements engineer Value optimizer Team manager Go-between between development team and customers

70.What are criteria to order Product Backlog items? A) B) C) D)

Value of Product Backlog items. Dependencies between Product Backlog items. Dependencies to other products. All of the above. 15 | Page

71.Multiple Scrum Teams working on the same project must have the same start date. A) True B) False

72.The value delivered by a product only be determined by revenue. A) True B) False

73.

*Scrum Master is a “management” position?

A) True B) False Feedback: The Scrum Master manages the Scrum process. If the Scrum Master is not a management position, he or she may not have the influence to remove impediments. The Scrum Master does not manage the team.

74. The Product Owner must write all of the Product Backlog items (e.g. user stories, non-functional requirements, etc.) on the Product Backlog before handing them over to the Development Team. A) True B) False

75.The Sprint Goal is a result of Sprint Planning, as is the Sprint Backlog. A) True B) False

76.

The Product Owner must use: (Choose all that apply)

A) Release burndown diagram B) Burndown chart C) Feature burn-up 16 | Page

D) E) F) G)

Critical Path Analysis Refactoring Project Gantt chart None of the above

77.If burndown charts are used to visualize progress, what does a trend line though a release burndown chart indicate? A) The evolution of the cost spent on the project. B) When the work remaining will likely be completed if nothing changes on the Product Backlog or the Development Team. C) When the project will be over if the Product Owner removes work that is equal in efort to any new work that is added. D) When all work will be completed so the Scrum Team can be released for other work.

78.Items on the Product Backlog tend to be: A) B) C) D)

Smaller than the items in the Sprint Backlog. The same size as the items in the Sprint Backlog. Larger than the items in the Sprint Backlog. It depends.

79. *Scrum does not have a role called “Project Manager.” A) True B) False

80.What things might a Scrum Product Owner focus on to ensure his product delivers value? (Choose 3 answers) A) B) C) D) E)

How readily his product can be absorbed and used by his customers. The size of his product in “lines of code”. How much of the functionality of his product is being utilized. Direct customer feedback. Minimizing changes to project scope.

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Which of the following main events are defined by the Scrum Framework? A) Sprint Planning Meeting B) Sprint Retrospective Meeting C) Sprint Review Meeting D) Mid-Sprint Status Review Meeting E) Daily Scrum Meeting A, B, C, E The process of clearing the product backlog re-prioritizing after each Sprint is called: Product Backlog Grooming The product owner has to attend ........ of the stand-up meetings. None The customer requirements are stored in ...... In the Product (Scrum) Backlog When is a Sprint review held? Just before the sprint retrospective meeting

Which of the following main roles are defined by the Scrum Framework? A) Scrum Tester B) The Scrum Team C) Scrum Manager D) Scrum Master E) Scrum Product Owner B, D, E What does 'S' in MoSCoW a popular prioritization technique stand for? Should Have The MoSCoW prioritization technique is one of the most used & popular prioritization technique where the letters mean: M: Must Have S: Should Have C: Could Have W: Would Have The product Owner is the one person responsible for the project success? True From the options below, what all are defined by the Scrum Framework? 18 | Page

Rules & Roles Artifacts and events Developing a product vision is the primary responsibility for: Product Owner What is important in all Scrum projects? Self-organization Continuous improvement Communcation

Which of the following concept is NOT defined in the Scrum Framework? Project Manager Which is one of the most popular product backlog prioritization techniques? Kano modelling Which part of the Sprint planning meeting, the product owner has to attend? Part 1 meeting

The advantages of the Scrum Framework are: Fine-grained requirements are only defined when they are really needed. All activities to design, build and test a certain functionality are kept together in one phase. Changes are expected and welcomed by Scrum team. All of the given answers.

Which is one of the most popular product backlog prioritization techniques? The Kano modelling is one of the most popular backlog prioritization techniques where in this method, the requirements are prioritized based on the customer preferences. - Attractive - One-Dimensional - Multi-Dimensional - Must-Be - Indifferent - Reverse

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Scrum Values: a set of fundamental values and qualities underpinning the Scrum framework; commitment, focus, openness, respect and courage. To avoid technical debt, what should the team write down in their definition of done? (Choose seven) B) All previous regression tests pass. C) Checkout and build are fully reproducible, typically with one ot two commands. D) Duplicate code has been removed through refactoring. E) Code has been written by pairs, or at least reviewed by other team members. F) Manual, exploratiy testing has been conducted. G) Regression tests for new functionality run automatically with every build. H) Messy and poorly designed code has been cleaned up through refactoring. (^13[!^13]@^13)*\1

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