PRSENTATION

1

DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE TRANSMISSION LINE PROJECT Engineering ActivitiesLine Design.

•

Tower Designs.

•

Fon!"tion Designs.

•

Stringing C#"rts $re$"r"tions. •

Tower To wer Te Testing. sting.

•

Procre%ent & M"n'"ctring Activities Activities ( Procre%ent o' )og#t ot ite%s sc# "s con!ctors* Gron! +ire* Ins,"tors* Fittings etc. •

F")ric"tion o' Towers  G",v"ni"tion. •

S#i$$ing o' ",, %"teri", to site. •

Site Activities ( Srve/ wor0s.

•

Tower s$otting.

•

Access Ro"!s  P,"t'or% wor0s. •

Soi, Investig"tion.

•

Fon!"tions.

•

Tower Erection.

•

Stringing.

•

Testing.

•

H"n!over 

•

2

DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE TRANSMISSION LINE PROJECT Engineering ActivitiesLine Design.

•

Tower Designs.

•

Fon!"tion Designs.

•

Stringing C#"rts $re$"r"tions. •

Tower To wer Te Testing. sting.

•

Procre%ent & M"n'"ctring Activities Activities ( Procre%ent o' )og#t ot ite%s sc# "s con!ctors* Gron! +ire* Ins,"tors* Fittings etc. •

F")ric"tion o' Towers  G",v"ni"tion. •

S#i$$ing o' ",, %"teri", to site. •

Site Activities ( Srve/ wor0s.

•

Tower s$otting.

•

Access Ro"!s  P,"t'or% wor0s. •

Soi, Investig"tion.

•

Fon!"tions.

•

Tower Erection.

•

Stringing.

•

Testing.

•

H"n!over 

•

2

Towers Self - Supporting

3

Types of Tower (Based on kV) •

HVAC TOWERS  –  33kV Tower   –  kV Tower   –  132kV Tower   –  22!kV Tower   –  "!!kV Tower   –  #$kV Tower 

•

HV%C TOWERS  –  $!!kV Tower   –  12!!kV Tower 

"

Tower Design T/$es o' Towers -C,"ssi'ic"tion "ccor!ing to n%)er o' circits ( Sing,e Circit * Do),e Circit  M,ti Circit Towers. •

C,"ssi'ic"tion "ccor!ing to 'nction ( Ss$ension Tower* Ang,e Tower  De"! En! Tower. •

123 to 245

•

Tower Con'igr"tion 1Geo%etr/5 is governe! )/ 'o,,owing -Lengt# o' ins,"tor 

•

E,ectric", c,e"r"nces

•

S#ie,! "ng,e 1Protection o' con!ctors 'ro% ,ig#tening5

•

Gron! c,e"r"nce

•

$



#

Towers

&

'

1!

11

12

13

1"

1$

1

1#

1&

1'

2!

Towers Outline 

21

Towers Loa" Transfer fro con"uctor points to foun"ation

= 22

23

Towers Design $(ilosop(+

.(ange" fro Deterinistic Met(o" to $ro!a!ilistic concept 9 Relia!ilit+ !ase" et(o" in line wit( IE. 8>?@ 2"

Towers Design $araeters 8 Ser*ice .on"itions

2$

Towers Design - Loa"s - 'roen wire .on"ition

2

Towers Design $araeters 8 .liatic .on"itions

2#

Towers Design $araeters - Loa"ings

2&

Towers Design - Loa"s - Win"

2'

Towers Design - Loa"s - Win"

(Vb)

(Vd)

(VR)

(Pd)

3!

Towers 7or a panel# t(e win" loa" in Newton at t(e .= G=of t(e panel B $" • ."t • Ae • GT   W(ere# ."t - Drag coefficient - "epen"s on soli"it+ ratio Ac - Total net surface area of legs an" !racings of t(e panel GT - Gust response factor - "epen"s on terr ain roug(ness  (eig(t of panel a!o*e

groun"

31

Towers Reasons  Lig(t

Structure - inertial forces are less

 7le,i!le

 free to *i!rate critical con"ition of a,iu win" occurs rarel+ siultaneousl+ wit( eart()uae

 T(e

 

32

Towers Design $araeters 8 Nature of Loa"s

33

Towers Design - Anal+sis

3"

Tower Design Lo"!ing on tower 1Re'er IEC 6785 -Tr"nsverse Lo"!s 19 Direction5 ( Tr"nsverse +in! on Tower %e%)ers* +in! on Con!ctor* E"rt# wire* Ins,"tors.

•

Tr"nsverse co%$onent o' con!ctor  E"rt# wire tension.

•

+in! $ressre c",c,"tion is )"se! on :"sic win! s$ee!* Gst '"ctor* s#"$e '"ctor  win! ones* c#"r"cteristics o' t#e "re". •

1;65

•

Longit!in", Lo"!s 1< Direction5 -Longit!in", +in! on Tower %e%)ers* +in! on Con!ctor* E"rt# wire* Ins,"tors.

•

Longit!in", co%$onent o' con!ctor  E"rt# wire tension. 1=s",,/ in )ro0en wire con!ition5. •

3$

Tower Design Lo"!ing on tower ->ertic", Lo"!s 1? Direction5 ( Se,' weig#t o' Tower* Ins,"tors* Con!ctor  E"rt# wire.

•

S"g Tension C",c,"tions ( Con!ctor "n! E"rt# wire "re c"),e strctres.

•

Tension in con!ctor is inverse,/ $ro$ortion", to s"g.

•

S"g "n! Tension "re c",c,"te! )"se! on --

•

A5:"sic s$"n. :5Con!ctor $ro$erties sc# "s cross section "re"* nit weig#t* %o!,s o' e,"sticit/* coe''icient o' ,ine"r e@$"nsion* ,ti%"te )re"0ing strengt#. C5+in! ,o"!ing on con!ctor. D5F"ctor o' s"'et/.

3

Tower Design Lo"!ing con!itions -Nor%", Con!ition ( A,, con!ctors "n! E"rt# wire "re int"ct. T#e tower wi,, )e in t#is con!ition 'or %ost o' !esign ,i'e s$"n. •

:ro0en wire con!ition ( =n)","nce! ,o"!ing res,ting t#e )re"0"ge o' s$eci'ie! n%)er o' con!ctor or& "n! E"rt# wire •

Constrction  M"inten"nce ,o"!s

•

Anti c"sc"!ing ,o"!s

•

Seis%ic ,o"!s "re consi!ere! "s $er Eiv",ent st"tic "$$ro"c# seis%ic coe''icient @ weig#t o' strctre5. •

1Lo"! B Horiont",

F"ctor o' S"'et/ ( FOS B 7. For Nor%", con!ition ,o"!s

•

FOS B .3 For Ot#er Lo"!ing con!itions.

•

However "s $er IEC 678* Lo"!s "re %,ti$,ie! )/ ,o"! '"ctors "n! strengt# o' tower is %,ti$,ie! )/ strengt# '"ctors. •

3#

Tower Design An",/sis -Tr"ns%ission ,ine tower consists o' ,ine"r strctr", %e%)ers connecte! to one "not#er )/ )o,ts. •

For $r$ose o' "n",/sis* t#e tower is i!e",ie! "s S$"ce Trss.

•

Ass%$tions ( In',ence o' gssete! connection in tr"ns%itting %o%ents is neg,ecte!.

•

Leg %e%)ers w#ic# "re continos "re "ss%e! to )e #inge! "t oints.

•

Lo"!s "re "cting on,/ "t oints.

•

A)ove "ss%$tions ,e"! to " conserv"tive esti%"te o' 'orces "n! !e',ections. Li%its 'or !e',ections -A,t#og# t#ere is no s$eci'ic co!e )in!ing on !e',ections* it is contro,,e! wit#in L & . •

De',ections "re so s%",, t#"t gener",,/ 'irst or!er "n",/sis give s"tis'"ctor/ res,ts.

•

3&

Tower Design Tower Design -A,, %e%)ers "re c#ec0e! 'or "@i", co%$ression "n! tension ,o"s.

•

C#ec0 'or Co%$ression ,o"! ( T#e c"$"cit/ o' %e%)er is c",c,"te! )"se! on Cross section "re" o' %e%)er* s,en!erness r"tio* en! restriction "n! %"teri", gr"!e. •

C#ec0 'or Tension ,o"! ( T#e c"$"cit/ o' %e%)er is c",c,"te! )"se! on Net Cross section "re" o' %e%)er "'ter !e!ction o' #o,e "re" "n! %"teri", gr"!e. •

C"$"cit/ o' )o,ts "g"inst s#e"ring "n! )e"ring ( C"$"cit/ o' oint is c",c,"te! )"se! on !i" o' )o,ts* gr"!e o' )o,ts* $,"nes o' s#e"ring* connecte! %e%)er & gsset t#ic0ness "n! %e%)er&gsset gr"!e. •

3'

Towers Design Assuptions

"!

"1

Towers Miniu 7lange wi"t( *is- -*is !olt "iaeter 

"2

Towers

"3

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Towers Liits of L9R ratio Leg e!ers# G= W= $ea# an" F-ar

B 0?1

lower e!er  -

'ra cings

B ? 11

-

Re"un"ants9Secon"ar+ Me!ers

B ?21

carr+ing e!ers -

Tension e!ers

B C2



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Towers Design - .opression Me!ers





"

Towers Design - Re"uction of allowa!le

stress "ue to !9t ratio

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Towers

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Towers

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Towers

$!

Towers

$1

$2

$3

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$"

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/plift Resistance

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