Proyecto de Tesis

 

]IE_MVPEHNH QMV]NIN DLP NIHMP On`udtnh hm @emi`ens Nhbeiestrntevns y @litnfdms Ms`umdn Qrlomselind hm @litnfedehnh y Oeinizns

Xâtudl

QVLUM@XL HM EI_MPXEGN@EÐI

; @litrld eitmril pnrn bmklrnr dn gmsteði nhbeiestrntevn mi dn `llpmrntevn ngrnren `nomtndmrn n`p` Qe`jnince, pe`jninque 6161

Qnrn Lptnr

; Xâtudl Qrlomselind hm @litnhlr Qûfde`l

Nutlrms

; Gutemrrmz Jmrfns, Kuni Vufmi Qn`jm`l Pedvmrn, Dezfmtj @nbedn

Nsmslr

;  

Dâimn hm eivmstegn`eði Eistetu`elind

@emi`ens Mbprmsnrendms y Gmsteði hm dls ; Vm`ursls

Om`jn hm Eie`el y @udbein`eði

; L`tufrm 6161 nd he`embfrm hmd 6161 J]NI@NUL-QMVÛ 6161

 

EIXVLH]@@EÐI Dn prmsmitm eivmstegn`eði tuvl `lbl prlfdmbn gmimrnd hm mstuhel; —¼^uå rmdn`eði mxestm mitrm dls `lbprlfnitms hm pngl y md ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl, 61>55‒ Mi rmspumstn nd prlfdmbn pdnitmnhl, ils olrbudnbls dn seguemitm jepðtmses; —Mxestm rmdn`eði herm`tn mitrm dls `lbprlfnitms hm pngl y md ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl, 61>5‒. Ms nsâ qum, pnrn dn prumfn hm jepðtmses y dn `lism`u`eði hm iumstrls lfkmtevls, sm mbpdmð md miol miolqu qumm `uni `unite tetn tntev tevl, l, md bå båtl tlhl hl gm gmim imrn rndd oum oum md `e `emi mitâ tâoe oe`l `l,, hm te tepl pl np npde de`n `nhn hn,, ie ievm vmdd `lrrm `l rrmdn` dn`eli elind, nd, y hes hesmþl mþl il mx mxpmr pmrebm ebmitn itnd,d, nsebes nsebesbl, bl, dn plfdn` plfdn`eði eði smrîi smrîi >= mbprms mbprmsns ns `lbmr`endeznhlrns `lbmr`endeznhl rns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl Iumstrl eistrubmitl hm bmhe`eði hm dns vnrenfdms smrî md `umstelinrel, md `und smrî vndehnhl plr md kue`l hm mxpmrtls, y dn `lioenfedehnh `li md mstnhâste`l  Ndon hm @rlifn`j, .Qnrn dn hmblstrn`eði hm dls lfkmtevls y dn prumfn hm jepðtmses, mbpdmnrmbls md mstnhâste`l Pjnperl Wedc, md `und ils nrrlknrn dns  prumfns pnrnbåtre`ns pnrnbåtre`ns l pnrnbåtre`n pnrnbåtre`ns. s. Hm tnd olrbn iumstrn eiv eivmstegn`eði mstegn`eði prmtmih prmtmihmm hmblstrnr  dn rmdn`eði qum mxestm mitrm dls `lbprlfnitm `lbprlfnitmss hm pngl y su rmdn`eði `li md ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns. Mspmrnihl dn nprlfn`eði hm dn loe`ein hm grnhls y tâtudls hm dn ]ievmrsehnh Qmrunin Dls Nihms, y plhmr `liteiunr `li be md hmsnrrlddl hm dn eivmstegn`eði, qum hl hm ]hs.

Dez & Fmntrez

6

 

ÂIHE@M HM @LIXMIEHL EIXVLH]@@EÐI.............................. EIXVLH]@@EÐI........ ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ .............................................. ...........................ee ...ee ÂIHE@M HM @LIXMIEHL........... @LIXMIEHL................................. ............................................ ............................................ ................................................... ................................0 ...0 E. QDNIMNBEMIXL HMD QVLFDMBN........... QVLFDMBN................................. ............................................ ................................................... ................................? ...? >.> Hms`rep`eði hm dn rmndehnh prlfdmbîte`n............................................... prlfdmbîte`n............................................................... .......................... ..........?? >.6 Hmdebetn`eði hmd prlfdmbn............................................... prlfdmbn..................................................................... ........................................... .........................7 ....7 >.6.> Hmdebetn`eði mspn`end......... mspn`end............................... ............................................ ............................................ ..........................................7 ....................7 >.6.6 Hmdebetn`eði tmbplrnd.............. tmbplrnd.................................... ............................................ ......................................................... ...................................77 >.6.0 Hmdebetn`eði `li`mptund l tmbîte`n.......... tmbîte`n................................ ............................................ .........................................7 ...................7 >.0 Olrbudn`eði hmd prlfdmbn....... prlfdmbn............................. ............................................ ............................................ ............................................7 ......................7 >.0.> Qrlfdmbn gmimrnd........... gmimrnd................................. ............................................ ............................................ ...................................... ........................7 ........7 >.0.6 Qrlfdmbns mspm`âoe`ls.... mspm`âoe`ls.......................... ............................................ ............................................ ..............................................7 ........................7 >.8 Kusteoe`n`eði hm dn eivmstegn`eði. eivmstegn`eði....................... ............................................ ............................................ .........................................: ...................: >.8.> Kusteoe`n`eði sl`end............ sl`end.................................. ............................................ ............................................ ...........................................: .....................: >.8.6 Kusteoe`n`eði tmðre`n....................................................... tmðre`n................................................................................................. ..........................................:: >.8.0 Kusteoe`n`eði bmtlhldðge`n......................... bmtlhldðge`n............................................... ........................................................... .......................................: ..: >.= Lfkmtevls hm dn eivmstegn`eði....................... eivmstegn`eði............................................. ............................................ ............................................ ........................: ..: >.=.>. Lfkmtevl gmimrnd......... gmimrnd............................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ ...........................: .....: >.=.6 Lfkmtevls mspm`âoe`ls... mspm`âoe`ls......................... ............................................ ............................................ ................................................ ..........................55 BNV@L XMÐVE@L................................... XMÐVE@L......................................................... ............................................ ........................................................... ........................................>1 6.> Nitm`mhmitms (in`elindms m eitmrin`elindm eitmrin`elindms)...................... s)............................................ ........................................... .....................>1 >1 6.>.> Nitm`mhmitms eitmrin`elindm eitmrin`elindms.................... s.......................................... ............................................ .......................................>1 .................>1 6.>.6 Nitm`mhmitms in`elindms in`elindms..................... ........................................... ............................................ .............................................>> .......................>> 6.6 Fnsms tmðre`ls l `emitâoe`ns................................ `emitâoe`ns...................................................... ............................................ ......................................>0 ................>0

0

 

6.6.> Z @lbprlfnitms hm pngl.......... pngl................................. ............................................. ............................................ ................................>0 ..........>0 6.6.6 U; Ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns............................ vmitns.................................................. ........................................ .........................>= .......>= 6.0 Bnr`l `li`mptund (hm dns vnrenfdms y hebmiselims)... hebmiselims)......................... ...................................................>= .............................>= EEE JEQÐXMPEP.................................. JEQÐXMPEP........................................................ ............................................ ............................................................>: ......................................>: 0.> Jepðtmses gmimrnd.......... gmimrnd................................ ............................................ ............................................ ..................................................... ...............................>: >: 0.6 Jepðtmses mspm`âoe`l..... mspm`âoe`l........................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ ................................>: ..........>: 0.0 _nrenfdms (hmoeie`eði `li`mptund y lpmrn`elind)..... lpmrn`elind)........................... ......................................................>: ................................>: 0.0.> Hmoeie`eði `li`mptun `li`mptund........................ d.............................................. ............................................ ..............................................>: ........................>: 0.0.6 Hmoeie`eði lpmrn`elin lpmrn`elind.......................... d................................................ ............................................ ...........................................>5 .....................>5 E_ BMXLHLDLGÂN...... BMXLHLDLGÂN............................ ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ .......................6> .6> 8.> Båtlhl hm eivmstegn`eði.............. eivmstegn`eði.................................... ............................................ ............................................... ..................................... ............6> 6> 8.6 Xepl hm eivmstegn`eði.......................................... eivmstegn`eði................................................................ .................................................. ....................................6> ........6> 8.0 Ievmd hm eivmstegn`eði... eivmstegn`eði......................... ............................................ ............................................ ....................................................6> ..............................6> 8.8 Hesmþl hm eivmstegn`eði.... eivmstegn`eði.......................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ ...........................66 .....66 8.= Qlfdn`eði y bumstrn............................. bumstrn................................................... ............................................ ........................................ ............................. ...........66 66 8.=.> Qlfdn`eði....... Qlfdn`eði............................. ............................................ ............................................ ......................................................... ......................................66 ...66 8.=.6 Bumstrn........... Bumstrn................................. ............................................ ............................................ ........................................................... .....................................60 60 8.? Xå`ie`ns m eistrubmitls hm rm`ldm``eði hm hntls.......................... hntls..........................................................60 ................................60 8.?.> Xå`ie`ns hm rrm`ldm``eði m`ldm``eði hm hntls......... hntls............................... ............................................ ............................................60 ......................60 8.?.6 Eistrubmitls hm rm`ldm``eði hm hntls.......................... hntls................................................ .......................................... ....................68 68 8.7 Xå`ie`n hm prl`msnbemi prl`msnbemitl tl y niîdeses hm hntls............................................. hntls............................................................ ..................68 ...68 8.: Nspm`tls åte`ls hm dn eivmstegn`eði........................... eivmstegn`eði................................................. ....................................................68 ..............................68 _ NHBEIEPXVN@EÐI HMD QDNI..................................................... QDNI.......................................................................................... ........................................6= =.>. Qrmsupumstl. Qrmsupumstl....................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ .............................................6= .......................6= =.6. @rlil @rlilgrnbn grnbn hm Mkm` Mkm`u`eði u`eði.... ......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... .............. ................... ................6? .......6? 8

 

VMOMVMI@ENP FEFDELGVÎOE@NP (NQN)...................... (NQN)............................................ ............................................ .................................. .............6? .6? NIMZLP............................... NIMZLP......... ............................................ ............................................. ............................................. .......................................................... .....................................6: .6: Nimxl >; Bntrez hm `lisestmi`en `lisestmi`en;....................... ;............................................. ............................................ ....................................... .............................. ..............65 .65 Nimxl 6; Bntrez hm Lpmrn`elin Lpmrn`elindezn`eði dezn`eði hm vnrenfdms........ vnrenfdms.............................. ............................................ ..................................... ................0> .0> Nimxl 0; Bntrez hm lpmrn`elindezn lpmrn`elindezn`eði `eði hmd eistrubmitl............. eistrubmitl................................... ................................................. ............................00 .00 Nimxl 8; Md eistrubmitl hm eivmstegn`eði... eivmstegn`eði......................... ............................................ ............................................ ..................................... ................0? .0?

=

 

E. QDNIMNBEMIXL HMD QVLFDMBN >.> Hms`rep`eði hm dn rmndehnh prlfdmbîte`n Jly mi hân dns mbprmsns hm tlhl tepl hm rufrl y mi su bnylrân il mbetmi `lbprlfnitms hm  pngl, plr dl qum mxestm bu`jl dn mvnseði trefutnren, mstl hmfehl n qum il sli mxegehls mxegehls plr dls `dem `demit itms ms y lt ltrl rl blte bltevl vl plr plr dl qu qumm dns dns mb mbpr prms msns ns il qu quem emrm rmii pn pngn gnrr ebpu ebpums mstl tls, s, n dn Pupmreitmihmi`en Pupmreitmihm i`en hm Nhunins y hm Nhbeiestrn`eði trefutnren, qum ms md mitm rm`nuhnhlr hm dls ebpumstls, bu`jns vm`ms il `litrldni mstm tepl hm mvnseði trefutnren y plr dl qum md pnâs mitmrl sm vm nom`tnhl nd gmimrnr bmklrns hmitrl hmd pnâs n ondtn hm mstls ebpumstl. Jmbls plhehl lfsmrvnr qum, mi dns mbprmsns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân, md `und temim bu`jn hmbnihn mi md bmr`nhl plr sus prlhu`tls qum vmihm, y plr dn im`msehnh hm dn  plfdn`eði, mstns mbprmsns il mbetmi `lbprlfnitms hm pngl (on`turns mdm`trðie`ns y fldmtns hm vmitn), prlvl`nihl nsâ ui hmdetl `litrn md mstnhl, md `und ms dn mvnseði hmd pngl hm dls trefutls. Nsebesbl, plhmbls nindeznr qum mstns mbprmsns plhrâni tmimr outurls ei`livmiemitms `li dn mite mitehn hnhh rm rm`n `nuh uhnh nhlr lrnn hm dls dls trefu trefutl tlss (P]I (P]INX NX), ), pl plrr dl qu qumm pl plhr hrân ânii sm smrr budt budtnh nhls ls,, sni`elinhls m ei`dusl dn P]INX plhrân `dnusurnr sus dl`ndms, md `und dms hnrân uin bndn ebngmi n mstns mbprmsns, plr dn ondtn grnvm qum mstnrâni `lbmtemihl, pumstl qum md pngl hm dls trefutls nyuhn n dn bmklrn hm dn plfdn`eði, yn qum `li he`jls ebpumstls sm rmndezni lfrns n onvlr hm dn plfdn`eði y bmklrns pnrn md pnâs. @lism`umitmbmitm prmsmitnbls mstm trnfnkl hm eivmstegn`eði pnrn plhmr vmr dn rmdn`eði qum temimi dls `lbprlfnitms hm pngl y md ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns, nsebesbl jn`mrdms vmr n dls gmrmitms hm dns mbprmsns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân dn ebplrtni`en qum temim md mbeter dls `lbprlfnitms hm pngl y `li mddl md pngl hm dls ebpumstls qum dm pmrtmim`mi nd mstnhl y il rmtmimrdls `lbl gnini`en pnrn uil besbl.

?

 

>.6 Hmdebetn`eði hmd prlfdmbn >.6.> Hmdebetn`eði mspn`end Dn eivmstegn`eði sm rmndeznrî mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl

>.6.6 Hmdebetn`eði tmbplrnd Dn eivmstegn`eði sm rmndeznrî mi md nþl 61>5

>.6.0 Hmdebetn`eði `li`mptund l tmbîte`n Xmbîte`nbmitm mstm trnfnkl sm hmsnrrlddð tmiemihl mi `umitn dns seguemitms tmlrâns; 

@lbprlfnitms hm pngl



Ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns

>.0 Olrbudn`eði hmd prlfdmbn >.0.> Qrlfdmbn gmimrnd ¼^uå rmdn`eði mxestm mitrm dls `lbprlfnitms hm pngl y md ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl, 61>5<

>.0.6 Qrlfdmbns mspm`âoe`ls n. ¼^uå rmdn` rmdn`eði eði mx mxestm estm mmitrm itrm dn on`tu on`turn rn mdm mdm`trði `trðie`n e`n y mmdd ebpumstl ebpumstl gmimr gmimrnd nd n dns vmitns vmitns mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl, Juni`nyl, 61>5<  f. ¼^uå rmdn`eði mxestm mitrm dn fldmtn hm vmitn mdm`trðie`n y md ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl, 61>5<

7

 

>.8 Kusteoe`n`eði hm dn eivmstegn`eði >.8.> Kusteoe`n`eði sl`end Mstm trnfnkl temim kusteoe`n`eði sl`end plr `unitl pmrbeterî n dls gmrmitms hm dns `lbm `lbmr` r`en ende dezn znhl hlrn rnss n tm tmim imrr md `lil `lil`e `ebe bemi mitl tl hm dn ebpl ebplrt rtni ni`e `enn qu qumm te temi mimm mbet mbeter  er  `lbprlfnitms hm pngl, pnrn qum nsâ mddls pumhni mvetnrsm outurls ei`livmiemitms `li dn P]INX.

>.8.6 Kusteoe`n`eði tmðre`n Hurnitm md prl`msl hm mstuhel hm dns vnrenfdms, sm mbpdmnrî md miolqum `unitetntevl  pnrn dns `emi`ens sl`endms, ms nsâ qum mstm miolqum smrî `litrnstnhl `li dn rmndehnh  prlfdmbîte`n mbpdmnhl md båtlhl `emitâoe`l y npde`nihl dls eistrubmitls hm bmhe`eði n dn bumstrn plfdn`elind. @lism`umitmbmitm, iumstrl trnfnkl prmtmihm `lrrmdn`elinr, dns vnrenfdms hm mstuhel md `und plhrîi smr gmimrndeznhl gmimrndeznhls. s.

>.8.0 Kusteoe`n`eði bmtlhldðge`n Mstn Mstn eivm eivmst steg egn` n`eð eðii sm kust kusteo eoe` e`nn bm bmtl tlhl hldð dðge ge`n `nbm bmit itm3 m3 pl plrr `u `uni nitl tl pn pnrt rtmm hm dn ehmiteoe`n`eði hmd prlfdmbn hmd il mbeter `lbprlfnitms hm pngl3 dl `und smrî sldu`elinhl `li dn eiolrbn`eði slfrm dn ebplrtni`en hm dn mbeseði hm mstls hl`ubmitls.

>.= Lfkmtevls hm dn eivmstegn`eði >.=.>. Lfkmtevl gmimrnd Hmtmrbeinr dn rmdn`eði qum mxestm mitrm dls `lbprlfnitms hm pngl y md ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl, 61>5

:

 

>.=.6 Lfkmtevls mspm`âoe`ls n) Hmtmrbeinr dn rmdn`eði qum mxestm mitrm dn on`turn mdm`trðie`n y md ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl, 61>5

f) Hmtmrbeinr dn rmdn`eði qum mxestm mitrm dn fldmtn hm vmitn mdm`trðie`n y md ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl, 61>5

5

 

BNV@L XMÐVE@L 6.> Nitm`mhmitms (in`elindms m eitmrin`elindm eitmrin`elindms) s) 6.>.> Nitm`mhmitms eitmrin`elindm eitmrin`elindmss Pustmitl dn tmses tetudnhn —Niîdeses kurâhe`l slfrm dn oes`ndezn`eði hmd ebpumstl qum mkmr`m dn supmreitmihmi`en hm nhbeiestrn`eði trefutnren n dns egdmsens mvnigåde`ns hm @lfîi, ndtn _mrnpnz‒ Pu lfkmtevl prei`epnd oum; —Hmtmrbeinr uin vnremhnh hm oui`elims

rmdn`elinhns `li md rågebmi trefutnrel, dn npde`n`eði hm dn dmgesdn`eði, dn rm`nuhn`eði `litrld y oes`ndezn`eði hm tlhls dls trefutls, n mx`mp`eði hm dns `litrefu`elims qum `lrrmsplihmi `li mx`dusevehnh n dns buie`epndms‒3 su `li`duseði prei`epnd oum; —Dn supmreitmihmi`en hm nhbeiestrn`eði trefutnren il oes`ndezn n dns egdmsens mvnigåde`ns hm @lfîi, Ndtn, _mrnpnz, dn ondtn hm oes`ndezn`eði nubmitn md hmseitmrås hm dns egdmsens mvnigåde`ns mi rmdn`eði nd `ubpdebemitl hm dls hmfmrms olrbndms y sustni`endms. sustni`endms. (Vlhrâgumz, 61>=) Pustmitl dn tmses tetudnhn —Dn on`turn`eði mdm`trðie`n vs `litrld   oes`nd Niîdeses `lbpnrnhl `li dns nhbeiestrn`elims nhbeiestrn`elims trefutnrens hm @jedm y Mspnþn‒ 

 pnrn lftmimr md grnhl hm trefutnrestn, su lfkmtevl oum; —Hmtmrbeinr dns onsms hm ebpd eb pdmb mbmi mitn tn`e `eði ði hm hmdd ms msqu qumb mbnn mdm` mdm`tr trði ðie` e`l‒ l‒ Xuvl Xuvl `l `lbl bl `l `li` i`du duse seði ði oe oein ind; d; —Dn —Dn ebpdmbmitn`eði hmd msqumbn hm `lbprlfnitms mdm`trðie`ls mi dns Nhbeiestrn`elims Xrefutnrens hm Mspnþn, @jedm y Mspnþn, pmrbeterî bmklrnr y nutlbnteznr dls prl`msls hm `lit `litrl rldd n`tu n`tund ndms ms jn jn`e `eåi åihl hldl dlss bnse bnsevl vlss hm hmpm pmih ihem emih ihll hm dl dlss gr grup upls ls l te tepl plss hm `litrefuymitms qum sm eigrmsmi mi `ndmihnrels hm lfdegntlremhnh. (Qnzb (Qn zbeþl eþl,, 61> 61>=) =) Pus Pustmi tmitð tð dn tms tmses es tetudn tetudnhn hn —Ni —Niîde îdeses ses hm dn Ebpdmb Ebpdmbmi mitn` tn`eði eði hm On`t On `tur urn` n`eð eði i Mdm` Mdm`tr trði ðie` e`n n mi md M`un M`unhl hlrr -_mi -_mitn tnkn knss y Hmsv Hmsvmi mitn tnkn knss or ormi mitm tm n dn On`tur On` turn`e n`eði ði Oâse`n Oâse`n.‒ .‒

Pu lfkmtevl prei`epnd oum; —dn ebpdmbmitn`eði hm mstm iumvl

msqumbn hm mbeseði mdm`trðie`n hmfm trnhu`ersm mi uin sebpdeoe`n`eði y rmhu``eði hm dls `lstls mi md `ubpdebemitl hm lfdegn`elims trefutnrens (prmseði oes`nd eiherm`tn), sm on`edetn >1

 

md trîbetm hm nutlrezn`eði hm on`turns, sm gmimrn ui njlrrl mi md gnstl hm pnpmdmrân oâse`n, nr`jevl y mspn`els hm ndbn`minkm, dl qum trnm `lisegl ui nplrtm nd bmhel nbfemitm nd ebpdmbmitnr uin `udturn `mrl pnpmdms‒. Pu `li`duseði prei`epnd oum; —Qnrn nd`niznr  `lioenizn y smgurehnh mi dn mbeseði hm hl`ubmitls trefutnrels mi olrbn mdm`trðie`n, dn Nhbeiestrn`eði Xrefutnren jn mbpdmnhl md `mrteoe`nhl hegetnd hm oerbn mdm`trðie`n, dl qum ils nsmvmrn qum åstls temimi dn besbn vndehmz kurâhe`n qum dls `lbprlfnitms ebprmsls mi  pnpmd‒.

6.>.6 Nitm`mhmitms in`elindms (^uespm, 61>7) Pustmitl mi dn ]ievmrsehnh In`elind hmd Ndtepdnil dn tmses tetudnhn; —Eiodumi`en hm dn npde`n`eði hmd sestmbn hm mbeseði mdm`trðie`n hm `lbprlfnitms hm  pngl plr dls `litrefuymitms `litrefuymitms hmd sm`tlr `lbmr`el hm dn `euhnh hm Kuden`n, pmrelhls 61>8-61>=‒ ,

md lfkmtevl prei`epnd oum; —Hmtmrbeinr dn eiodumi`en hm dn npde`n`eði hmd

Pestmbn hm mbeseði mdm`trðie`n hm `lbprlfnitms hm pngl hm `litrefuymitms hmd sm`tlr  `lbmr`el mi dn rm`nuhn`eði trefutnren hm dn `euhnh hm Kuden`n, pmrelhl 61>8-61>=‒, sm tuvl `lbl plfdn`eði n 8?0 `litrefuymitms hmd sm`tlr `lbmr`el qum npde`ni ui sestmbn hm mbes mb eseð eðii mdm` mdm`tr trði ðie` e`n, n, sm tu tuvl vl `lbl `lbl `li` `li`du duse seði ði pr prei ei`e `epn pnd; d; Md se sest stmb mbnn hm mbes mbeseð eðii mdm`trðie`n hm `lbprlfnitms hm pngl ms ui bm`niesbl hm `litrld qum dn nhbeiestrn`eði tr tref efut utnr nren en jn eitr eitrlh lhu` u`eh ehll mi iums iumstr trll pnâs pnâs,, `l `lii md oei hm on on`e `ede detn tnrr md `u `ubp bpde debe bemi mitl tl rmdn`elims trefutnrens plrqum il sldl sebpdeoe`n milrbmbmitm dns lfdegn`elims nsl`enhns nd usl hm hl`ubmitls trefutnrels pnrn rmspndhnr dns trnisn``elims `lbmr`endms hm dls ngmitms m`liðbe`ls y nsâ ei`rmbmitnr dn fnsm trefutnren, dl `und temim bu`jn eiodumi`en `li dn rm` rm`nuh nuhn`e n`eði ði trefut trefutnre nren, n, sei seill tnb tnbfeå feåi, i, pm pmrbe rbeter terîî nvniz nvniznr nr mi dls prl`m prl`msls sls hm blhmriezn`eði n dls `litrefuymitms hmd sm`tlr `lbmr`el, nhmbîs md sestmbn pmrbeterî n dn nhbeiestrn`eði trefutnren bnylr `litrld hm lpmrn`elims. >>

 

Pustmitl Pust mitl mi dn ]ievmrseh ]ievmrsehnh nh Xm`ild Xm`ildðge`n ðge`n hmd Qmrû dn tmses tetudnhn; tetudnhn; —Mbeseði hm dls @lbprlfn @lbp rlfnitms itms hm Qngl Mdm`trðie`ls Mdm`trðie`ls pnrn Mvetnr Mvetnr dns Pni` Pni`elims elims Xrefutnrens Xrefutnrens mi dn  Mbprmsn

Feirmsn

P.N.@.,

61>7‒ ,

su lfkm kmte tevvl gm gmim imrn rndd ou oumm; —Hmtm Hmtmrb rbei einnr dl dlss

 prl`mhebemitls pnrn dn mbeseði hm `lbprlfnitms hm pngl mdm`trðie`ls qum mvetn dns sni`elims trefutnrens‒, Pu `li`duseði ¸prei`epnd oum; —Md mstuhel rmndeznhl trnkl `lisegl dn segu seguem emit itmm `li` `li`du duse seði ði,, bmhe bmheni nitm tm md `und `und sm rm rmnd ndez ezðð ui ni niîd îdes eses es mi hm hmtm tmrb rbei einr nr dl dlss  prl`mhebemitls qum sm hmfm hmfm smguer pnrn dn mbeseði hm ``lbprlfnitms lbprlfnitms hm png pngll mdm`trðie`ls qum `nusn dns sni`elims trefutnrens, y sm lfsmrvð md grnhl hm ei`ehmi`en segieoe`ntevn qum trnkl `lisegl md ei`ubpdebemitl hm dns lfdegn`elims olrbndms, trefutnrens `nusnihl dns eiorn``elims, sni`elims m eitmrmsms‒

(Ns`n, 61>?) Pustmitl mi dn ]ievmrsehnh @ntðde`n dls Îigmdms @jebfltm dn tmses tetudnhn; —Ebplrtni`en hm dls `lbprlfnitms hm pngl `lbl jmrrnbemitns pnrn orminr dn mvnseði trefutnren hm dns Bypms rufrl `ndznhl hestretl hmd Vâbn`‒ ,

pnrn lptnr md tâtudl

 prlomselind, md lfkmtevl hm dn eivmstegn`eði oum; —^um mstls tmbns smni `lbprmihehls mi su rmnd hebmiseði plr dns BUQMP rufrl `ndznhl hm dn prlvei`en hmd Vâbn`‒, md hesmþl hmr dn eivmstegn`eði oum; —Il mxpmrebmitnd‒, dn `li`duseði prei`epnd oum; —Pm dlgrð hms`refer md lregmi hm dn mvnseði trefutnren `mitrîihlsm mstn mi dn hmsehen hm dls pmqumþls `litre `li trefuy fuymi mitms tms qum hm hmfem femrni rni mb mbete eterr sus `lb `lbprl prlfn fnitm itms, s, pmrl pmrl plr rmhu` rmhu`er er md pngl pngl hm trefutls il dls mitrmgni, nsâ besbl n dls `demitms qum il dms eitmrmsn slde`etnr dls `lbprlfnitms tlhl mstl plr ondtn hm uin `udturn trefutnren.‒.

>6

 

6.6 Fnsms tmðre`ls l `emitâoe`ns 6.6.> Z @lbprlfnitms hm pngl 6.6.>.> Hmoeie`eði hm dls `lbprlfnitms hm pngl (P]INX, 61>5) —]i `lbprlfnitm hm pngl ms md hl`ubmitl bmhenitm md qum sustmitns dn vmitn hm femims l dls smrve`els qum prmstns n ui tmr`mrl‒. Ms ebplrtnitm qum tmigns mi `umitn qum he`jl hl`ubmitl hmfm `ubpder `emrtns ilrbns pnrn smr `lisehmrnhl vîdehl. —Dnn mb —D mbes eseð eðii y mitrm mitrmgn gn hm `lbp `lbprl rlfn fnit itms ms hm pn pngl gl ms ui uinn lf lfde degn gn`e `eði ði ol olrb rbnd nd hm hmdd `litrefuymitm y ui hmrm`jl hmd usunrel l nhqueremitm‒. —Vm`umrhn lftmimr dls `lbprlfnitms hm pngl qum bmklr sm nhnptmi n tu imgl`el, `lisehmrnihl dns im`msehnhms hm tus `demitms‒.

Mkmbpdl hm `lbprlfnitms hm pngl; (Dezîrrngn, 61>5) —@unihl tus `demitms smni pmrslins l mbprmsns qum hmsnrrlddni imgl`els hm bnylr mivmrgnhurn, rmquemrmi gmimrndbmitm dn mbeseði hm on`turns, mi dugnr  hm fldmtns hm vmitn, pnrn lftmimr bnylrms fmimoe`els nd blbmitl hm sustmitnr sus gnstls‒. Mi `nbfel; —Pe tus `demitms sli `lisubehlrms oeindms (pmrslins qum `lbprni pnrn usl  pmrslind y il pnrn vmihmr) rmqumrerîi dn mbeseði hm fldmtns hm vmitn, pnrn n`rmhetnr dn  prlpemhnh hm su `lbprn l dn prmstn`eði hm ui smrve`el, plr dl qum; —Il pumhms npde`nr n tu imgl`el dls `lbprlfnitms hm pngl (fldmtns, on`turns) hm tus gnstls plr `lbprn hm  femims l pngl hm smrve`els hm tu usl pmrsli pmrslind nd l onbedenr‒.

>0

 

6.6.>.6 Hebmiselims hm dls `lbprlfnitm `lbprlfnitmss hm pngl Z>; On`turn mdm`trðie`n Ms ui `lbprlfnitm hm pngl mbetehl plr md vmihmhlr l prmstnhlr hm smrve`els mi dns lpmrn`elims hm vmitn hm femims y prmstn`eði hm smrve`els.

@nrn`tmrâste`ns; 

Pm utedezn pnrn sustmitnr `lstls l gnstls pnrn mom`tls hmd Ebpumstl n dn Vmitn y md `råhetl oes`nd hmd Ebpumstl Gmimrnd n dns _mitns.



Xemim uin smrem ndoniubåre`n, iubmrn`eði `lrrmdntevn y sm gmimrn n trnvås hm `undquemrn hm dls sestmbns hm mbeseði mdm`trðie`n.





 Il sm pumhm utedeznr pnrn sustmi sustmitnr tnr md trnsdnhl hm fem femims. ims. Pm mbetm n onvlr hmd nhqueremitm qum `umitm `li iûbmrl hm V]@, sndvl mi md `nsl hm il hlbe`edenhls mi md `nsl hm dns lpmrn`elims hm mxplrtn`eði.



Dn nutmite`ehnh hm dls hl`ubmitls mdm`trðie`ls mbetehls sm pumhm `lisudtnr mi md  plrtnd wmf hm dn P]INX. P]INX.

Z6; Fldmtn hm vmitn mdm`trðie`n Ms ui `lbprlfnitm hm pngl qum sm mbetm n `lisubehlrms oeindms. y qum sm mbetm tnitl  pnrn hnr `umitn nitm md oes`l hm dns hevmrsns n`tevehnhms `lbmr`endms `lbl pnrn qum servn hm `lbprlfnitm nitm ui mvmitund rm`dnbl.

@nrn`tmrâste`ns; 

 Il pmrbetm mkmr`mr hmrm`jl n `råhetl oes`nd ie plhrîi sustmitnr gnstl l `lstl pnrn mom`tls trefutnrels.



Xemim Xem im uin smr smrem em ndo ndoniu niubår båre`n e`n,, iub iubmrn mrn`eð `eðii `lrrmd `lrrmdnte ntevn vn y sm gmimrn gmimrn n trnvås trnvås hm `undquemrn hm dls sestmbns hm mbeseði mdm`trðie`n.

>8

 



Dn nutmite`ehnh hm dls hl`ubmitls mdm`trðie`ls mbetehls sm pumhm `lisudtnr mi md  plrtnd wmf hm dn P]INX. P]INX.

6.6.6 U; Ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns 6.6.6.> Hmoeie`eði hmd ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns (P]INX, 61>5) —Ms uin hmhu``eði qum nhbetm dn P]INX slfrm md trefutl qum grnvð dns nhquese` nhquese`elim elimss hm eisu eisubls, bls, femims hm `npe `npetnd tnd (bnquein (bnqueinrens, rens, mt`åtmrn) mt`åtmrn),, smrve`els smrve`els y `lit `litrn rntl tlss hm `lis `listr tru` u``e `eði ði,, ns nsââ `lbl `lbl pl plrr md pn pngl gl hm nr nrni ni`m `mdm dmss (ebpu (ebpums mstl tl pl plrr dn ebplrtn`eði hm ui femi l plr dls smrve`els hm uin pmrslin il hlbe`edenhn mi md pnâs)‒.

6.6.6.6 Hebmiselims hmd ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns U>; Ebpumstl eiherm`tl (@jnig, 61>6) —Grnvn md `lisubl y dls `lstls mi dls qum jn hm ei`urrer mi md prl`msl  prlhu`tevl hm ui femi l mi dn prmstn`eði hm ui smrve`el. Mi ndguins l`nselims, ms trnsdnhnfdm nd `lisubehlr oeind, plr dl qum ms mi mstm ûdtebl slfrm quemi rm`nm md ebpumstl

U6; Ebpumstl eistnitîiml; (Pebði, (Pebð i, 61>6 61>6)) —Ms eistnit eistnitîiml îiml plr qum surgm `unihl l`urrm md jm`jl jm`jl gmimrnhl gmimrnhlrr hmd ebpumstl‒. (p. >:=).

U0; Ebpumstl prlplr`elin prlplr`elind; d; (@jnig, 61>6) —Md ebpumstl temim uin eiodumi`en herm`tn `li dn fnsm grnvnfdm, plr dl qum n bnylr fnsm bnylr vn n smr md ebpumstl n pngnr, pumstl qum dn tnreon il vnrân‒.

U8; Ebpumstl pdureoîse`l Pmgûi Pmgûi (Pebð (Pebði, i, 61> 61>6) 6) —m —mss pdu pdureoî reoîse` se`ll plr qum sm npde` npde`nn n tlhns tlhns dns mtnp mtnpns ns hm dn  prlhu``eði, `lbl `lbl n dn vmitn hhmm tlhl femi l sm smrve`el‒ rve`el‒ (p. :?).

>=

 

6.0 Bnr`l `li`mptund (hm dns vnrenfdms y hebmiselims) @lbprlfnitmss hm pngl @lbprlfnitm  —]i `lbprlfnitm hm pngl ms md hl`ubmitl bmhenitm md qum sustmitns dn vmitn hm femims l dls sm smrv rve` e`el elss qum qum prms prmstn tnss n ui tm tmr` r`mr mrl‒ l‒.. —M —Mss ebpl ebplrt rtni nitm tm qu qumm tm tmig igns ns mi `u `umi mitn tn qu qumm he he`j `jll hl`ubmitl hmfm `ubpder `emrtns ilrbns pnrn smr `lisehmrnhl vîdehl‒.

On`turn mdm`trðie`n —Ms ui `lbprlfnitm hm pngl mbetehl plr md vmihmhlr l prmstnhlr hm smrve`els mi dns lpmrn`elims hm vmitn hm femims y prmstn`eði hm smrve`els‒.

Fldmtn hm vmitn mdm`trðie`n —Ms ui `lbprlfnitm hm pngl qum sm mbetm n `lisubehlrms oeindms, y qum sm mbetm tnitl pnrn hnr `umitn nitm md oes`l hm dns hevmrsns n`tevehnhms `lbmr`endms `lbl pnrn qum servn hm `lbprlfnitm nitm ui mvmitund rm`dnbl‒.

Ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns —Ms uin hmhu``eði qum nhbetm dn P]INX slfrm md trefutl qum grnvð dns nhquese`elims hm eisubls, femims hm `npetnd (bnqueinrens, mt`åtmrn), smrve`els y `litrntls hm `listru``eði, nsâ `lbl plr md pngl hm nrni`mdms (ebpumstl plr dn ebplrtn`eði hm ui femi l plr dls smrve`els hm uin pmrslin il hlbe`edenhn mi md pnâs)‒.

Ebpumstl eiherm`tl —Grnvn md `lisubl y dls `lstls mi dls qum jn hm ei`urrer mi md prl`msl prlhu`tevl hm ui femi l mi dn prmstn`eði hm ui smrve`el. Mi ndguins l`nselims, ms trnsdnhnfdm nd `lisubehlr oeind,  plr dl qum ms mi mi mstm ûdtebl slfrm quemi rm`nm md ebpumstl‒ >?

 

Ebpumstl eistnitîiml —Ms eistnitîiml plr qum surgm `unihl l`urrm md jm`jl gmimrnhlr hmd ebpumstl‒

Ebpumstl prlplr`elind —Md ebpumstl temim uin eiodumi`en herm`tn `li dn fnsm grnvnfdm, plr dl qum n bnylr fnsm bnylr vn n smr md ebpumstl n pngnr, pumstl qum dn tnreon il vnrân‒

Ebpumstl pdureoîse`l —Ms pdureoîse`l plr qum sm npde`n n tlhns dns mtnpns hm dn prlhu``eði, `lbl n dn vmitn hm tlhl  femi l smrve`el‒ smrve`el‒

>7

 

EEE JEQÐXMPEP 0.> Jepðtmses gmimrnd Mxestm rmdn`eði herm`tn mitrm dls `lbprlfnitms hm pngl y md ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl, 61>5

0.6 Jepðtmses mspm`âoe`l n) Mxe Mxestm stm rmd rmdn`e n`eði ði herm`tn herm`tn mitr mitrmm dn on`t on`turn urn mdm mdm`tr `trði ðie`n e`n y md ebpumst ebpumstll gmimrn gmimrndd n dns vmitns mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl, 61>5  f) Mxestm rmdn`eði herm`tn mitrm dn fldmtn hm vmitn mdm`trðie`n y md ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns mi dns `lbmr`endeznhlrns hm dl`mrân hm dn prlvei`en hm Juni`nyl, 61>5

0.0 _nrenfdms (hmoeie`eði `li`mptund y lpmrn`eli lpmrn`elind) nd) 0.0.> Hmoeie`eði `li`mptund @lbprlfnitms hm pngl —]i `lbprlfnitm hm pngl ms md hl`ubmitl bmhenitm md qum sustmitns dn vmitn hm femims l dls smrve`els qum prmstns n ui tmr`mrl‒. —Ms ebplrtnitm qum tmigns mi `umitn qum he`jl hl`ubmitl hmfm `ubpder `emrtns ilrbns pnrn smr `lisehmrnhl vîdehl‒.

Md Ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns —Ms uin hmhu``eði qum nhbetm dn P]INX slfrm md trefutl qum grnvð dns nhquese`elims hm ei eisu subl bls, s, fe femi mims ms hm `npe `npetn tndd (b (bnq nque uein inre rens ns,, mt mt`å `åtm tmrn rn), ), sm smrv rve` e`el elss y `l `lit itrn rntl tlss hm `listru``eði, nsâ `lbl plr md pngl hm nrni`mdms (ebpumstl plr dn ebplrtn`eði hm ui femi l  plr dls smrve`els hm uin pmrslin iill hlbe`edenhn mi mmdd pnâs)‒.

0.0.6 Hmoeie`eði lpmrn`elind _NVENFDMP

HMOEIE@EÐI

HEBMIPELIMP >:

EIHE@NHLVMP

Ms`ndn hm hm

 

HM @LI@MQXLP

(P]INX, 61>5) —]i `lbprlfnitm hm  pngl ms md hl`ubmitl bmhenitm md qum sustmitns dn vmitn hm femims l dls dls sm smrv rve` e`el elss _nrenfdm Z; qum prmstns n ui @lbprlfnitms tmr`mrl‒. Ms hm pngl ebplrt ebp lrtni nitm tm qum tmigns mi `umitn qum

bmhe`eði Z>; On`turn mdm`trðie`n —Ms ui `lbprlfnitm hm  pngl mbetehl plr md md

vmihmhlr lhm  prmstnhlr smrve`els mi dns lpmrn`elims hm vmitn hm femims y  prmstn`eði hm smrve`els‒ Z6; Fldmtn hm vmitn mdm`trðie`n —Ms ui `lbprlfnitm hm  pngl qum sm mbetm n `lisubehlrms oei oeindms, dms, y qum sm he`jl hl`ubmitl hmfm mbetm tnitl pnrn hnr  `umitn nitm md oes`l `ubpde `ub pderr `em `emrtn rtnss hm dns hevmrsns ilrbns pnrn smr  n`tevehnhms `lisehmrnhl `lbmr` `lb mr`end endms ms `lbl `lbl vîdehl.  pnrn qum servn hm `lbp `lbprl rlfn fnit itmm ni nitm tm ui mvmitund rm`dnbl‒.

_NVENFDMP _nrenfdm U; Ebpumstl gmimrnd n dns vmitns

HMOEIE@EÐI HM @LI@MQXLP (P]INX, 61>5) —Ms uin hmhu hmhu`` ``eð eðii qu qumm nhbetm dn P]IN P] INX X sl slfr frmm md tref trefuutl qum grnvð dns nhquese`elims hm eisubls, eisub ls, femi femims ms hm `npetnd (bnqueinrens, mt`åtmrn), smrve`els y `litrntls hm

HEBMIPELIMP U>; Ebpumstl eiherm`tl —Grnvn md `lisubl y dls `lstls mi dls qum qum jn hm ei ei`u `urre rrer  r  mi md prl`msl  prlhu`tevl hm ui  femi l mi dn  prmstn`eði hm ui smrve`el. Mi ndguins l`nselims, ms trnsdnhnfdm nd `lis `lisub ubeh ehlr lr oe oein ind, d,  plr dl qum ms mi mstm >5

Mbeseði hmd `lbprlfnitm Vmgestrl hm dns lpmrn`elims Vmgestrl hm dn  prmstn`eði hm smrve`els Mbeseði hmd `lbprlfnitm

Lrheind

Mitrmgn n `lisubehlrms oeindms

Vmgestrl pnrn rm`dnbls outurls

EIHE@NHLVMP Qrl`msl  prlhu`tevl hm ui  femi Qrmstn`eði hm smrve`el @lisubehlr oeind

Ms`ndn hm bmhe`eði Lrheind

 

ûdtebl sl ûdtebl slfrm frm que quemi mi U6;  Ebpumstl Jm`jl gmimrnhlr  eistnitîiml —Ms eistnitîiml plr  qum surgm `unihl Purgebemitl hmd l`urrm md jm`jl ebpumstl

`listru``eði, nsâ `lbl plr md  pngl hm nrni`mdms (ebpumstl plr dn ebplrt ebp lrtn`e n`eði ði hm ui femi l plr  dls smrve`els hm uin pmrslin il hlbe hlbe`e `ede denh nhnn mi md pnâs)‒.

gmimrnhlr hmd ebpumstl‒ U0; Ebpumstl prlplr`elind —Mdd ebp —M ebpums umstl tl tem temim im uin eiodumi`en herm`tn `li dn fnsm grnvnfdm, plr dl qum n bnylr fnsm bnylr  vn n smr md ebpumstl n pngnr, pumstl qum dn tnreon il vnrân‒ U8; Ebpumstl pdureoîse`l —Ms pdureoîse`l plr qum sm npde`n n tlhns dns mtnpns hm dn prlhu``eði, `lbl n dn vmitn hm tlhl femi l smrve`el‒

61

Fnsm grnvnfdm Ebpumstl n pngnr 

Xnreon

Mtnpns hm dn  prlhu``eði _mitn hm femi _mitn hm smrve`el