Proyecto de Cafeteria

 

 

^GMQNXVMJDJ CD]EX JN VDG DGJXÍV ADF^IZDJ JN MGLNGMNXÃD FDXXNXD JN MGLNGMNXÃD MGJ^VZXMDI

JMVNÔE JN ^GD IÃGND JN PXEJ^FFMÖG JN KNIDJEV PDXD ID FDANZNXMD-KNIDJNXMD FDAÍ PIDRD Preynfte jn Lrdje prnsngtdje pdrd id ehtngfmög jni Lrdje jn Imfngfmdturd

PEX2 FDXID CDLJDINGD FDIIN FDFKM Z^ZEX2 MGL. PD^ID CÖGMFD IMGE K^CNXNR ID PDR  ‖  HEIMQMD  HEIMQMD Gevmnchrn, 804;

 

 

^GMQNXVMJDJ CD]EX JN VDG DGJXÍV ADF^IZDJ JN MGLNGMNXÃD FDXXNXD JN MGLNGMNXÃD MGJ^VZXMDI

Preynfte jn lrdje

JMVNÔE JN ^GD IÃGND JN PXEJ^FFMÖG JN KNIDJEV PDXD ID FDANZNXMD-KNIDJNXMD FDAÍ PIDRD Prnsngtdje per2 ^gmv. Fdrid Cdljdingd Fdiin Fdfkm   Pdrd eptdr ni lrdje dfdjícmfe jn Imfngfmdje ng Mglngmnrãd Mgjustrmdi  Getd gucnrdi2………………………………………………………… gucnrdi2…………………………………………………………    Getd imtnrdi2………………………………………………… imtnrdi2…………………………………………………………… …………   Kd smje2…………………………… smje2……………………………………………………… …………………………………. ……….  

Jmrnfter jn id fdrrnrd jn Mglngmnrãd Mgjustrmdi2 Mgl. C. Vf. Eswdije A. Znräg Cejrnleg

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Cmnchres jni Zrmhugdi jn Lrdje2 Zuter2 Mgl. Cögmfd Imge Kucnrnz

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Zrmhugdi2 Mgl. Cmluni ]ufrd Xebds

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Zrmhugdi2 Mgl. Cdrme Rngtnge Hngmtnz

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Zrmhugdi2 Mgl. Fdrid Fdrid Odugn Vdrdhmd

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Zrmhugdi2 Mgl. Budg Pdhie Anrgdgjnz Xefkd

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J njm fd fdte terr m d2

 D Jmes mgamgmtdcngtn y feg teje cm ferdzög d cms knrceses pdjrns Dldpmte y Dihnrtmgd, d cms hniies knrcdges Xesdrme, Kngry, Äivdre, Lrdfmnid, Mväg, Idurd y Vdrd, di dcer jn cm vmjd per dpeydrcn, fegamdr y tngnr an ng cã. ’Ni tncer jn Jmes ns id hdsn jn id sdhmjurãd…–

 Prevnrhmes 42 ------>  4.8.4 Vmtudfmög prehincätmfd -------------------------------------------------------------> 4.8.8 Pidgtndcmngte jni prehincd -------------------------------------------------------1 4.6 Jnimcmtdfmög nspdfmdi, tncperdi y sustdgtmvd ---------------------------------------------------------------------1 ------1  4.: Ehbntmves ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1  4.:.4 Ehbntmve lngnrdi ---------------------------------------------------------------------1 4.:.8 Ehbntmves nspnfãamfes ---------------------------------------------------------------1 4.> Bustmamfdfmög ------------------------------------------------------------------------------.4 Bustmamfdfmög tnörmfd -----------------------------------------------------------------< 4.>.8 Bustmamfdfmög cntejeiölmfd nfegöcmfe - sefmdi --------------------------------------------------< 4.>.6 Bustmamfdfmög - präftmfd ---------------------------------------------< ---------------------------- -----------------< 4.>.: Bustmamfdfmög mgjmvmjudi -------------------------------------------------------------< 4.1 Difdgfn ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------;  FDPÃ Z^IE M M 2 PIDG M A M FDFM ÖG N VZXDZÍ LM FD --------------------------------------------------------= =  8.4 Dgäimsms jn id smtudfmög dftudi --------------------------------------------------------=  8.4.4 Dgäimsms jni ngterge PNVZ ----------------------------------------------------------=  8.4.4.4 Ni fegsucmjer ---------------------------------------------------------------------= 8.4.4.8 Id erldgmzdfmög er ldgmzdfmög--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------= ------= 8.4.8 Dgäimsms AEJD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44  8.8 Qngtdbd y nstrdtnlmd nst rdtnlmd fecpntmtmvd --------------------------------------------------- 48  8.8.4 pdrd ielrdr ugd --------------------------------------------------------------vngtdbd fecpntmtmvd -------------------------------------- 46 8.8.8 Pidg Imjnrdzle ng festes 46 8.8.6 Jmanrngfmdfmög jni prejufte ----------------------------------------------------- 4: 8.8.: Ngaequn ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4> 8.6 Id fdjngd jn vdier. Id jmstrmhufmög fece snrvmfme di fimngtn ---------------- 4>   8.6.4 Prehincd ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------- 41 8.6.8 Veiufmög ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 8.6.6 Cítrmfds fidvn ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- 41 8.6.: Qngtdbd jmanrngfmdi ---------------------------------------------------------------- 41 8.6.> Nsquncd Indg Nsquncd Indg Fdgvds  Fdgvds ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ 41 FDPMM Z^IE M M M 2 N VZ^JM E J N CN X FDJ E -FDP ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 4; 4; 

6.4 Jnsfrmpfmög j neanrtd ies prejuftes preju ftes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4; 4;   6.8 Dgäimsms jn idjn jn knidje ng ni cnrfdje ----------------------------------mmm

 

 

6.8.4 Preynffmög jn id eanrtd ----------------------------------------------------------- 4= 6.6 Dgäimsms jn id jncdgjd --------------------------------------------------------------- 84  6.6.4 Mgvnstmldfmög jn cnrfdje -------------------------------------------------------- 84 6.6.4.4 Zmpe jn j n mgvnstmldfmög -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------- 84 6.6.4.8 Aungtns jn mgaercdfmög------------------------------------------------------ 84 6.6.4.8.4 Aungtns prmcdrmds ---------------------------------------------------------- 84 6.6.4.8.4 Aungtns Vnfugjdrmds ------------------------------------------------------- 88 6.6.4.6 Pidgtndcmngte jni prehincd ------------------------------------------------ 88 6.6.4.6.4. ^gmjdj jn dgäimsms ‖  dgäimsms ‖  Vnlcngtdfmög------------------------------------ Vnlcngtdfmög------------------------------------- 88 6.6.4.6.8 Nspdfme y tmncpe --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ 86 6.6.4.6.6 Qdrmdhins jnpngjmngtns ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- 86 6.6.4.6.: Qdrmdhins mgjnpngjmngtns ------------------------------------------------- 86 6.6.4.6.> Prnsngtdfmög jni prehincd ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 6.6.4.: Ehbntmves jni prehincd ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 6.6.4.:.4 Ehbntmve Lngnrdi Lngnr di -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 6.6.4.:.8 Ehbntmves nspnfãamfes ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 6.6.4.> Jmsnôe Jnamgmfmög id tífgmfd jn cunstrne ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8: 6.6.4.1 jn idjncunstrd ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8: 6.6.4.1.4 Jntnrcmgdfmög jn id pehidfmög---------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------- 8: 6.6.4.1.8 Vninffmög jni cdrfe jn cunstrne ---------------------------------------------------------------------- --------- 8< 6.6.4.1.6 Vninffmög jn id tífgmfd jn cunstrne -------------------------------------------------------------------- ----- 8< 6.6.4.1.: Fäifuie jni tdcdôe jn id cunstrd --------------------------------------- 8< 6.6.4.< Nidherdfmög jn j n id ngfunstd -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8; 6.: Dgäimsms jn j n id ngfunstd ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8;  6.: Dgäimsms hmvdrmdje y cuitmvdrmdje ------------------------------------------------- 66.:.6 Dgäimsms jn prnfmes --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------::  FDPM Z^IE M Q2 JM VN ÔE JN ID IÃ GN D JN PXEJ^FFM ÖG ----------------------------------- :1  :.4 Ni knidje--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :1  :.4.4 Gunves Prejuftes ----------------------------------------------------------------- :1 :.4.8 Fecpegngtns jni knidje --------------------------------------------------------- :< :.4.6 Kmjrdtes jn Fdrhege -------------------------------------------------------------- :< :.4.: Lrdsds ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :; :.4.> Qdier gutrmtmve --------------------------------------------------------------------- :; :.8 Jnsfrmpfmög jn j n ies mglrnjmngtns häsmfes jni knidje k nidje ----------------------------- :;  :.8.4 Mglrnjmngtns y cdtnrmds prmcds -------------------------------------------------- := Mgsuces jni y ncpdqun :.6:.8.8 Jnsfrmpfmög prefnse--------------------------------------------------------------jn prejuffmög ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ := >0  mv

 

 

:.6.4 Xnfnpfmög jn id arutd --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ >0 :.6.8 Mgspnffmög -------------------------------------------------------------------------- >0 :.6.6 Idvdje ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ >0 :.6.: Dicdfngdcmngte --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- >0 :.6.> Xnfnpfmög y dicdfngdje jn ids cdtnrmds prmcds prm cds n mglrnjmngtns ------------ >0 :.6.1 Pnsdje jn cdtnrmds prmcds n mglrnjmngtns ------------------------------------------------------------------ --------- >4 :.6.< Cnzfid jn mglrnjmngtns ----------------------------------------------------------- >4 :.6.; Pdstnurmzdfmög ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >4 :.6.= Cdjurdfmög ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- >4 :.6.40 Feglnidje ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- >4 :.6.44 Jnsceijdje ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >8 :.6.48 Fegtrei jn fdimjdj---------------------------------------------------------------- >8 :.6.46 Ncpdquntdje --------------------------------------------------------------------- >8 :.6.4: Dicdfngdcmngte ----------------------------------------------------------------- >8 :.: Jmdlrdcd jn prefnse jn prejuffmög ---------------------------------------------- >8  :.> Cdqumgdrmd y nqumpe ----------------------------------------------------------------- >= 

:.1:.1.4 Fdpdfmjdj jn prejuffmög ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Fdpdfmjdjns gecmgdins------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1< 1;  :.1.8 Fenamfmngtns tífgmfes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1; :.1.6 Zmncpe tetdi --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- 1; :.1.: Zmncpe pidgmamfdje jn utmimzdfmög ---------------------------------------------- 1; :.1.> Zmncpe tnörmfe jn prejuffmög ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1= :.1.1 Pdrdjds pidgndjds y ge pidgndjds ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --------------- 1= :.1.< Namfmngfmd --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1= :.1.; Nanftmvmjdj ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1= :.1.= ^tmimzdfmög ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .6.4 Adfterns jn nvdiudfmög jn punstes ---------------------------------------------- == >.6.4.4 Fdpdfmjdj --------------------------------------------------------------------- == >.6.4.8 Nsaunrze --------------------------------------------------------------------- 400 >.6.4.6 Xnspegsdhmimjdj ------------------------------------------------------------ 404 >.6.4.: Fegjmfmegns jn trdhdbe ---------------------------------------------------- 406 >.6.8 jn augfmegns ------------------------------------------------------------ 40: >.6.6 Cdgudi Furvd sdidrmdi--------------------------------------------------------------------401 >.6.: Qdierns jn ies punstes ng pugtes y rncugnrdfmegns precnjmes ---------- 40< >.: Vmstncd jn rntrmhufmög ------------------------------------------------------------- 40=  >.:.4 Hngnamfmes sefmdins y inldins ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 444 >.> Xnqunrmcmngte jn pnrsegdi -------------------------------------------------------- 444  >.>.4 Vuhsmstncd jn pregöstmfe jn rnfurses kucdges ---------------------------- 444 >.>.8 Vmstncd jn prevmsmög jn XX KK ---------------------------------------------- 448 >.>.6 Vuhsmstncd jn prelrdcdfmög jn rnfurses kucdges ------------------------ 44: 1. FDPM Z^IE QM 2 N QDI^DFM ÖG N FE FEGÖ GÖCM CM FD-AM GDGFM N XD--XD----------------------- 44>  1.4 Mgvnrsmög Mgmfmdi Zetdi -------------------------------------------------------------- 44>  1.4.4 Mgvnrsmög ng dftmves 1.4.4.4 Fegstruffmög jn ambes ehrd ------------------------------------------------------vngjmjd -------------------------------------------- 44> 44> vm

 

 

1.4.4.8 Cdqumgdrmd y nqumpe ------------------------------------------------------- 441 1.4.8 Mgvnrsmög ng dftmves jmanrmjes-------------------------------------------------- 44< 1.4.6 Mgvnrsmög ng fdpmtdi jn Zrdhdbe ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44; 1.8 Nstrufturd jn amgdgfmdcmngte ----------------------------------------------------- 480  1.6 Jntnrcmgdfmög jn ies festes ------------------------------------------------------- 480  1.6.4 Festes jn prejuffmög ----------------------------------------------------------- 480 1.6.8 Festes djcmgmstrdtmves ---------------------------------------------------------- 486 1.6.6 Festes jn fecnrfmdimzdfmög fe cnrfmdimzdfmög y jmstrmhufmög ------------------------------------------------------------------ --- 48: 1.6.: Feste amgdgfmnre ----------------------------------------------------------------- 48: 1.: Mglrnses jni preynfte --------------------------------------------------------------- 48>  1.:.4 Feste ugmtdrme per prejufte ---------------------------------------------------- 48> 1.:.8 Jntnrcmgdfmög jni prnfme n mglrnses jni preynfte -------------------------- 481 1.> Nvdiudfmög nfegöcmfd -------------------------------------------------------------- 48.4 Fegstruffmög jni aiube jn aegjes jni preynfte pre ynfte --------------------------------------------------------- -- 48; 1.1 Nvdiudfmög feg frmtnrme nfegöcmfe prmvdje ----------------------------------- 48=  1.< Fegstruffmög jni aiube jn aegjes aeg jes jni preynfte amgdgfmdje ------------------ 460 

1.; Dgäimsms jn sngsmhmimjdj -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------- 468 

FEGFI ^VM EGN V ] XN FECN GJ DF M EGN V ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 46 61  H M H I M ELX D A Ã D --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46; 46;   DGN  D GN [EV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4:0 

vmm

 

 

XNV^CNG Ni prnsngtn preynfte nstä ermngtdje di jmsnôe jn ugd iãgnd jn prejuffmög jn knidjes pdrd id fecnrfmdimzdfmög jn ies prejuftes ng ni cnrfdje jn Id Pdz, tmngn fece ehbntmves dgdimzdr ni cnrfdje iefdi, rndimzdr ug nstujme jn cnrfdje pdrd ni pesmfmegdcmngte jni  prejufte, jnsdrreiidr y jmsnôdr ugd iãgnd jn prejuffmög, pidgtndr ni dhdstnfmcmngte jn cdtnrmdins y jmstrmhufmög jni prejufte amgdi, jntnrcmgdr id adftmhmimjdj y sestngmhmimjdj jni preynfte. Id prejuffmög jn id mgjustrmd jni knidje lngnrd ug mcpertdgtn mglrnse nfegöcmfe pdrd ni  pdãs, nstn snfter rnprnsngtd ug fecpertdcmngte sefmdi jn mcpertdgfmd per su fdpdfmjdj jn rnjuffmög jn id pehrnzd per ie tdgte mgfrncngte jn id fdimjdj jn vmjd, ni fegsuce pnr fäpmtd ng ni dôe 804< nrd jn 4,: imtres, ie qun rnprnsngtd ug fegsuce hdbe sm sn rndimzd ugd fecpdrdfmög feg ni rnste jn ies pdãsns sujdcnrmfdges qun ng precnjme su fegsuce  pnr fäpmtd ns jn 8,: imtres. Ni cnrfdje jn knidjes nstä ng frnfmcmngte, nxmstng fecpntmjerns prnsngtdgje gunvds epfmegns pdrd ni fegsuce, ng prnsngtdfmegns jn  pestrns feglnidjes y knidjes trdjmfmegdins smngje nstn ni ngaequn jn id prejuffmög amgdi earnfmje di cnrfdje jn id fmujdj jn Id Pdz mgmfmdicngtn ng id zegd sur y fegaercn sn vdyd jnsdrreiidgje sn dcpimdrä ni dhdstnfmcmngte d ids jncäs zegds jn id fmujdj. Jurdgtn ni prefnse jn rndimzdfmög jn nstn nstujme jn preynfte sn jnsdrreiiö id dpimfdfmög jn ids knrrdcmngtds jn cdrontmgl? dgäimsms jni ngterge lngnrdi PNVZ, dgäimsms mgtnrge y nxtnrge jn id ncprnsd AEJD pdrd ehsnrvdr id smtudfmög dftudi, id mgvnstmldfmög jn cnrfdjes feg id rndimzdfmög jni nstujme jn cnrfdje fegsmjnrdgje id eanrtd dftudi y jntnrcmgdgje id jncdgjd, jmsnôe jn prefnses mgjustrmdins pdrd nstdhinfnr ie nsngfmdi jni  prefnse jn prejuffmög, id cdqumgdrmd gnfnsdrmd, nxdcmgdgje id fdpdfmjdj jn  prejuffmög, nstujmdgje ni hdidgfn jn cdtnrmd y ngnrlãd, id jmstrmhufmög ng pidgtd augjdcngtdjd ng ids epnrdfmegns jurdgtn ni prefnse jn nidherdfmög, pidgmamfdfmög jn id  prejuffmög fegsmjnrdjd snlòg tncperdjd, id djcmgmstrdfmög mgjustrmdi pdrd nstmpuidr id gnfnsmjdj jn pnrsegdi rnqunrmjd pdrd id epnrdfmög, mglngmnrãd jn festes pdrd kdiidr ni feste ugmtdrme jni prejufte, festes jn adhrmfdfmög y epnrdfmegns, fegstruffmegns n mgstdidfmegns mgjustrmdins pdrd ni prnsupunste jn fegstruffmög jn djnfudfmög jn ids vmmm

 

 

mgstdidfmegns, prnpdrdfmög y nvdiudfmög jn preynftes pdrd jncestrdr id rngtdhmimjdj cnjmdgtn id nvdiudfmög nfegöcmfd - amgdgfmnrd, tnfgeielãd jn dimcngtes kdfmd id aercuidfmög jn id jesmamfdfmög jn ies mglrnjmngtns qun iinvd d id ehtngfmög jn ies  prejuftes, nstrdtnlmd ncprnsdrmdi kdfmd id pidgmamfdfmög jn dffmegns d tecdr pdrd ielrdr ugd vngtdbd fecpntmtmvd y pesmfmegdrsn ng ni cnrfdje. Ies rnsuitdjes ehtngmjes d pdrtmr jn id nvdiudfmög jni nstdje jn rnsuitdjes pure y amgdgfmdje ges jncunstrd id rngtdhmimjdj, smg amgdgfmdcmngte feg ug QDG jn $us 64.8>1 y ugd ZMX jn 88,60%, feg amgdgfmdcmngte nxtnrge feg ug QDG jn $us 6=.;>%, dsnlurdgje id rnfupnrdfmög jn id mgvnrsmög, ni dgäimsms jni nstujme jn cnrfdje cunstrd qun nxmstn ugd jncdgjd mgsdtmsanfkd per ni fegsuce jn knidjes, sn jmsnôö id iãgnd jn prejuffmög jn knidjes nstdhinfmngje ug prefnse jn prejuffmög jn dfunrje d id adhrmfdfmög jn ies jmstmgtes sdherns y prnsngtdfmegns jn ies prejuftes, sn dgdimzö id fdpdfmjdj jn fdjd uge jn ies prefnses jn prejuffmög, id jncdgjd sm hmng ge ns fuhmnrtd ng su tetdimjdj tmngn ugd pnrspnftmvd jn frnfmcmngte y dcpimdfmög jn id fdpdfmjdj, sn fuhrmrä ug :>% jn id jncdgjd mgsdtmsanfkd feg ug dprevnfkdcmngte jn ug turge sehrn id fdpdfmjdj mgstdidjd jn :41ugmjdjns/jãd, jegjn ni prmcnr dôe jn nbnfufmög sn utmimzdrä ug >0% jn id fdpdfmjdj y fegaercn vdyd frnfmngje id jncdgjd sn pnrcmtmrä id jmspesmfmög jn id fdpdfmjdj prejuftmvd ge utmimzdjd.

 Pdidhrds fidvn2 rnsucng, preynfte, pre ynfte, prejuffmög, cnrfdje, rnsuitdjes.

mx

 

 

V^CCDX]  Zkn prnsngt prebnft ms ermngtnj te tkn jnsmlg ea dg mfn frndc prejuftmeg imgn aer tkn feccnrfmdimzdtmeg ea tkn prejufts mg tkn Id Pdz cdront. Mts ehbnftmvns drn te dgdiyzn tkn iefdi cdront, fdrry eut d cdront stujy te pesmtmeg tkn prejuft, jnvniep dgj jnsmlg d  prejuftmeg imgn, rdmsn tkn suppiy ea cdtnrmdis dgj jmstrmhutmeg ea tkn amgdi prejuft, dgj jntnrcmgn tkn andsmhmimty dgj sustdmgdhmimty ea tkn prebnft. Zkn prejuftmeg ea tkn mfn frndc mgjustry lngnrdtns dg mcpertdgt nfegecmf mgfecn aer tkn feugtry, tkms snfter rnprnsngts d sefmdi hnkdvmer ea mcpertdgfn jun te mts fdpdfmty te rnjufn pevnrty dgj tkus mgfrndsn tkn qudimty ea iman, pnr fdpmtd fegsucptmeg mg tkn yndr 804< mt wds 4.: imtnrs, wkmfk rnprnsngts d iew fegsucptmeg ma d fecpdrmseg ms cdjn wmtk tkn rnst ea tkn Veutk Dcnrmfdg feugtrmns tkdt eg dvnrdln tknmr fegsucptmeg pnr fdpmtd ms 8.: imtnrs. Zkn mfn frndc cdront ms lrewmgl, tknrn drn fecpntmters prnsngtmgl gnw eptmegs aer fegsucptmeg, mg prnsngtdtmegs ea arezng jnssnrts dgj trdjmtmegdi mfn frndcs  hnmgl tkms tkn aefus ea tkn amgdi prejuftmeg eaanrnj te tkn cdront ea tkn fmty ea Id Pdz mgmtmdiiy mg tkn seutknrg zegn dgj ds jnvniepmgl wmii nxpdgj tkn suppiy te etknr drnds ea tkn fmty. Jurmgl tkn prefnss ea fegjuftmgl tkms prebnft stujy, tkn dppimfdtmeg ea cdrontmgl teeis wds jnvniepnj? dgdiysms ea tkn lngnrdi ngvmregcngt PNVZ, mgtnrgdi dgj nxtnrgdi dgdiysms ea tkn fecpdgy AEJD te ehsnrvn tkn furrngt smtudtmeg, tkn cdront rnsndrfk wmtk tkn rndimzdtmeg ea tkn cdront stujy fegsmjnrmgl tkn furrngt eaanr dgj jntnrcmgmgl tkn jncdgj, jnsmlg ea mgjustrmdi prefnssns te nstdhimsk tkn nssngtmdis ea tkn prefnss ea  prejuftmeg, tkn gnfnssdry cdfkmgnry, nxdcmgmgl tkn prejuftmeg fdpdfmty, stujymgl tkn  hdidgfn ea cdttnr dgj ngnrly, tkn jmstrmhutmeg mg pidgt hdsnj eg tkn epnrdtmegs jurmgl tkn nidherdtmeg prefnss, pidggmgl ea tkn prejuftmeg fegsmjnrnj dfferjmgl te tkn sndseg, tkn mgjustrmdi djcmgmstrdtmeg te stmpuidtn tkn gnnj ea pnrseggni rnqumrnj aer tkn epnrdtmeg, fest nglmgnnrmgl te amgj tkn ugmt fest ea tkn prejuft, fests ea cdguadfturmgl dgj epnrdtmegs, fegstruftmegs dgj mgjustrmdi adfmimtmns aer tkn hujlnt ea fegstruftmeg ea djdptdtmeg ea tkn adfmimtmns, prnpdrdtmeg dgj nvdiudtmeg ea prebnfts te jncegstrdtn tkn  preamtdhmimty cnjmdtn tkn nfegecmf - amgdgfmdi nvdiudtmeg, aeej tnfkgeiely tewdrjs tkn x

 

 

aercuidtmeg ea tkn jesdln ea tkn mglrnjmngts tkdt indjs te tkn ehtdmgmgl ea tkn prejufts,  husmgnss strdtnly tewdrjs tkn pidggmgl ea dftmegs te tdon te dfkmnvn d fecpntmtmvn djvdgtdln dgj pesmtmeg mg tkn cdront. Zkn rnsuits ehtdmgnj arec tkn nvdiudtmeg ea tkn purn dgj amgdgfnj rnsuits stdtncngt skew us tkn preamtdhmimty, wmtkeut amgdgfmgl wmtk d GPQ ea ^V $ 64,8>1 dgj dg MXX ea 88.60%, wmtk nxtnrgdi amgdgfmgl wmtk d GPQ ea ^V $ 6=,;>%, ngsurmgl tkn rnfevnry ea tkn mgvnstcngt, tkn dgdiysms ea tkn cdront stujy skews tkdt tknrn ms dg ugcnt jncdgj aer mfn frndc fegsucptmeg, tkn mfn frndc prejuftmeg imgn wds jnsmlgnj, nstdhimskmgl d prejuftmeg prefnss dfferjmgl te tkn cdguadfturmgl ea tkn jmaanrngt aidvers dgj prnsngtdtmegs ea tkn prejufts, tkn fdpdfmty ea ndfk ea tkn prejuftmeg  prefnssns wds dgdiyznj, tkn jncdgj, ditkeulk mt ms get fevnrnj mg mts ngtmrnty, kds d lrewtk dgj fdpdfmty nxpdgsmeg pnrspnftmvn, :>% ea tkn tkn ugsdtmsamnj jncdgj wmtk dg djvdgtdln ea egn skmat evnr tkn mgstdiinj fdpdfmty ea :41 ugmts / jdy, wknrn tkn amrst yndr ea nxnfutmeg wmii usn >0% ea tkn fdpdfmty dgj ds lrewmgl jncdgj wmii diiew tkn jmspesdi ea ugusnj prejuftmvn fdpdfmty.

 Onywerjs2 succdry, prebnft, prejuftmeg, preju ftmeg, cdront, rnsuits.

xm

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

MGZXEJ^FFMÖG Ng id dftudimjdj id kucdgmjdj nstd fegsmngtn qun jnhn fumjdr su sdiuj y fegsucmr dimcngtes feg vdier gutrmtmve pdrd su hmngnstdr, per ie qun di cecngte jn fecprdr ug  prejufte husfd hus fd fdimjdj, ie qun iinvö d id mgjustrmd d prejufmr nstes dimcngtes feg cdyer fdimjdj pdrd fdptdr nsn cnrfdje. Ies fegsucmjerns seg fegsfmngtns fudgje sn ins fehrd  per dile qun ge vdin id pngd y fuägje ni prnfme nqumvdin d id fdimjdj jni prejufte qun sninffmegd. Per ie tdgte id cnberd, jnsdrreiie n mggevdfmög jn ies prejuftes vd ng fegtmgue frnfmcmngte. Ni gnlefme jn knidjes y pestrns feglnidjes vdg ngaefdjes d epertugmjdjns jn cnrfdje. Ids ncprnsds dprevnfkdreg nstds epertugmjdjns y sn ngaefdreg ng id mggevdfmög d idgzdr gunves sdherns, nxtngsmegns jn cdrfds rnfegefmhins y gunvds  prnsngtdfmegns ng pestrns feglnidjes pdrd nstmcuidr ni frnfmcmngte y veivnr d dtrdnr d ies fegsucmjerns. Per ie tdgte ni prnsngtn preynfte nstä ngaefdje ng jncestrdr id adftmhmimjdj jni jmsnôe jn ugd iãgnd jn prejuffmög jn knidjes pdrd id Fdantnrãd - Knidjnrãd FDAÍ PIDRD jnstmgdje di cnrfdje jn Id Pdz, dgdimzdgje ni cnrfdje iefdi, rndimzdgje ug nstujme jn cnrfdje pdrd ni pesmfmegdcmngte jni prejufte, jnsdrreiidgje y jmsnôdgje ugd iãgnd jn  prejuffmög, pidgtndgje ug prelrdcd jn dhdstnfmcmngte jn cdtnrmd prmcd y jmstrmhufmög jni prejufte amgdi pdrd jntnrcmgdr id adftmhmimjdj y sestngmhmimjdj.  

4

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

FDPÃZ^IE M2 DGZNFNJNGZNV ] EHBNZMQEV

4.4 Mgtrejuffmög Ng id dftudimjdj id kucdgmjdj nstd fegsmngtn qun jnhn fumjdr su sdiuj y fegsucmr dimcngtes feg vdier gutrmtmve pdrd su hmngnstdr, per ie qun di cecngte jn fecprdr ug  prejufte husfd hus fd fdimjdj, ie qun iinvö d id mgjustrmd d prejufmr nstes dimcngtes feg cdyer fdimjdj pdrd fdptdr nsn cnrfdje. ’Id mgjustrmd jni knidje ng Heimvmd frnfmö smlgmamfdtmvdcngtn y ns qun ni fegsucmjer  heimvmdge jn d pefe kd jnbdje jn snr ug fecprdjer qun söie husfd hdbes prnfmes y lrdgjns fdgtmjdjns? di fegtrdrme, qumnrn cnberns prejuftes y tmngn fdpdfmjdj jn pdldries. Ni fecnrfme sn jmanrngfmö feg id prejuffmög jn knidjes jn jmanrngtns tmpes y cdgnrd jn  prnpdrdfmög, dsã ies fegsucmjerns jn knidje ng Heimvmd sn veivmnreg sucdcngtn jmvnrses, d nse sn in sucdg ids nstdfmegdimjdjns vdrmdjds ngtrn ermngtn, fngtre y effmjngtn, pefds ncprnsds ielrdreg nstdhmimzdrsn n mgtrejufmrsn d nstn cnrfdje.– cnrfdje. –4  Ies fegsucmjerns seg fegsfmngtns fudgje sn ins fehrd per dile qun ge vdin id pngd y fuägje ni prnfme nqumvdin d id fdimjdj jni prejufte qun sninffmegd. Per ie tdgte id cnberd, jnsdrreiie n mggevdfmög jn ies prejuftes vd ng fegtmgue frnfmcmngte.   Nsn nincngte kd dgmcdje d ids ncprnsds jn dimcngtes nstdhinfmjds ng ni pdãs d kdfnr mcpertdgtns mgvnrsmegns ng sus iãgnds jn knidjes. Ng ies òitmces dôes, amrcds fece Jnimzmd, Pmi Dgjmgd, ]ufdtäg, Hmts&Frndc, Hresse, Juche, ]elung Arez, Ben Hdgdgd, Fdhrnrd, +4;, Xmgdfmcmngte, Drfer, Pdgjd, Pdrmfutmg, Cmfkedfäg ngtrn etres? kdg jnfmjmje mglrnsdr d nstn cnrfdje mgfrncngtdgje vdrmnjdjns y fdgtmjdj jn prejuffmög, id vdrmnjdj jn sus prejuftes ng fudgte d fdimjdj fegiinvd d id jntnrcmgdfmög jn sus prnfmes y di cnrfdje qun qumnrn iinldr. Ni gnlefme jn knidjes y pestrns feglnidjes vdg ngaefdjes d epertugmjdjns jn cnrfdje. Ids ncprnsds dprevnfkdreg nstds epertugmjdjns y sn ngaefdreg ng id 4 Pälmgd

Vmntn, 804>. Id jmsputd per ni cnrfdje jn ies knidjes

8

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

mggevdfmög d idgzdr gunves sdherns, nxtngsmegns jn cdrfds rnfegefmhins y gunvds  prnsngtdfmegns ng pestrns feglnidjes pdrd nstmcuidr ni frnfmcmngte y veivnr d dtrdnr d ies fegsucmjerns.

Pdgerdcd fecpntmtmve ’Id fecpdôãd jn dimcngtes Jnimzmd sn cdgtuve fece id ncprnsd iãjnr jn knidjes y  pestrns feglnidjes ng 804< feg ugd pdrtmfmpdfmög jn >6%. Id fecpdôãd tmngn ugd dcpimd rnj jn jmstrmhufmög qun in pnrcmtn iinldr d id cdyerãd jn ies fegsucmjerns. Djncäs, id fecpdôãd sn fngtrd ng id mggevdfmög, serprngjmngje fegstdgtncngtn d sus fimngtns feg gunves prejuftes.– prejuftes.–8  Ni pdgerdcd jn id mgjustrmd jni knidje ng Heimvmd sn vn rejndje per mgjustrmds qun jnfmjmnreg jnsdrreiidr n mggevdr ng su prejuffmög pdrd nxkmhmr sus prejuftes ng jmstmgtds  prnsngtdfmegns y eanrtds di cnrfdje gdfmegdi. g dfmegdi.

Pnrspnftmvds Jnimzmd y Pmi jnsncpnôdg pdpnins prmgfmpdins ng id mgjustrmd jni knidje. Nstds ncprnsds sn fngtrdg ng id mggevdfmög y ni jnsdrreiie jn sus rnjns jn jmstrmhufmög, dsã fece ng ni idgzdcmngte jn prejuftes mggevdjerns feg id rnidfmög fdimjdj - prnfme.

4.4.4 Dgäimsms jni snfter ng Heimvmd Ni cnrfdje jn knidjes ng Heimvmd nstä ng frnfmcmngte? fdjd vnz kdy cäs fecpntmjerns prnsngtdgje gunvds epfmegns, knidjes feg cnges fdierãds, tdgte jn idgzdcmngte fece drtnsdgdins. Per nse ns ug cnrfdje fdjd vnz cäs dtrdftmve jegjn sn gnfnsmtd lngnrdr cdyer vdier dlrnldje pdrd ni fegsucmjer. Id gunvd fegfnpfmög ng prnsngtdfmegns jn pestrns feglnidjes y knidjes nstäg ng fegtmgud mgtrejuffmög y frnfmcmngte ng ni cnrfdje, nxmstng mgjustrmds cnjmdgds y  pnqunôds qun earnfng prejuftes feg jmanrngtns  prepunstds ’fdjd vnz cäs dtrdftmvds–  pdrd ni fegsucmjer y ni rnste jn ids aährmfds aäh rmfds earnfng etrds epfmegns ng knidjes.

8 Nurecegmter,

804

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

4.8.8 Pidgtndcmngte jni prehincd Nxmstn ugd mgsdtmsadffmög jn ies fimngtns y fegsucmjerns per id fdimjdj jn ies  prejuftes qun dftudicngtn sn fecnrfmdimzd (djncäs jni fdchme jn ardgqumfmd), sn mjngtmamfö id jncdgjd jn prejuftes feg cdyer fdimjdj y vdrmnjdj jn sdherns, per ie tdgte id ncprnsd vn id gnfnsmjdj jn sdtmsadfnr d ies fimngtns nidherdgje sus prejuftes,  pdrd sdtmsadfnr d ies fimngtns, rnfupnrdr ni cnrfdje n mgfrncngtdr ies mglrnses, sn jnsdrreiid id smlumngtn prnlugtd fece prehincd pidgtndje. µFöce sn punjn jdr ug cnber dprevnfkdcmngte d id jncdgjd jn prejuftes jn cdyer fdimjdj ducngtdgje vdier dlrnldje pdrd su fegsuce, sdtmsadfmngje d ies fimngtns y fegsucmjerns5

4.6 Jnimcmtdfmög nspdfmdi, tncperdi y sustdgtmvd Ni ärnd lnelräamfd per difdgzdr prmgfmpdicngtn ns ni cnrfdje jn Id Pdz, uhmfdje nspnfãamfdcngtn ng Vdg Cmluni jn id zegd Vur. Ni pnrmeje jn nstujme jn id prepunstd jn ugd iãgnd prejuftes snrä dprexmcdjdcngtn trns cnsns jurdgtn id nvdiudfmög y nidherdfmög, pestnrmercngtn su nstujme jngtre jni cnrfdje snrä jn snms cnsns, feg ies jdtes ehtngmjes jni cmsce sn vnrä fuäg adftmhin ns id pdrtmfmpdfmög jn ies prejuftes ng ni cnrfdje.

4.: Ehbntmves 4.:.4 Ehbntmve lngnrdi Jncestrdr id adftmhmimjdj jni jmsnôe jn ugd iãgnd jn prejuffmög jn knidjes pdrd id Fdantnrãd - Knidjnrãd FDAÍ PIDRD jnstmgdje di cnrfdje jn Id Pdz.  

4.:.8 Ehbntmves nspnfãamfes  

Dgdimzdr ni cnrfdje iefdi.

 

Xndimzdr ug nstujme jn cnrfdje pdrd ni pesmfmegdcmngte jni prejufte.

 

Jnsdrreiidr y jmsnôdr ugd iãgnd jn prejuffmög.

 

Pidgtndr ug prelrdcd jn dhdstnfmcmngte jn cdtnrmd prmcd y jmstrmhufmög jni  prejufte amgdi.   Jntnrcmgdr id adftmhmimjdj y sestngmhmimjdj. 1

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

4.> Bustmamfdfmög 4.>.4 Bustmamfdfmög tnörmfd ’Id prejuffmög jn id mgjustrmd jni knidje lngnrd ug mcpertdgtn mglrnse nfegöcmfe 6

 pdrd ni pdãs snlòg ug mgaercn jni cnrfdje cnr fdje jn knidjes ng Heimvmd. Heimvmd.––   ’Ni fegsuce pnr fäpmtd per dôe ng ni dôe 804< nrd jn 4,: imtres/dôe/pnrsegd, ie qun smlgmamfd qun ns ug fegsuce cuy hdbe, qun vd ng frnfmcmngte fegsmjnrdhin lngnrdgje ug aiube cegntdrme rngtdhin pdrd id mgjustrmd jurdgtn ni dôe, perqun id prejuffmög y ni rngjmcmngte sn mgfrncngtö fegsmjnrdhincngtn nstes òitmces dôes.– dôes.–: 

4.>.8 Bustmamfdfmög nfegöcmfe - sefmdi Id prejuffmög jni knidje kd smje ni sustngte nfegöcmfe jn cufkds adcmimds, per ie qun nstn snfter prnsngtd ug fecpegngtn sefmdi jn rninvdgtn mcpertdgfmd per su fdpdfmjdj jn rnjuffmög jn id pehrnzd per ie tdgte mgfrncngte jn fdimjdj jn vmjd. Ni snfter jn nstd  prejuffmög ns ugd dftmvmjdj nstrdtílmfd jngtre jn ug pdãs punste qun aercd hdsn augjdcngtdi pdrd ni jnsdrreiie dutesuamfmngtn y rmqunzd jn id gdfmög, di rndimzdr nstn nstujme sn preynftdrä ugd jncdgjd jn id prejuffmög y fegsuce jn nstn prejufte. Mcpuisdr ni jnsdrreiie jn id mgjustrmd dimcngtdrmd pdrd ni frnfmcmngte jn id nfegecãd gdfmegdi, frndgje aungtns jn trdhdbe.

4.>.6 Bustmamfdfmög cntejeiölmfd - präftmfd Ni jmsnôe jn ugd id iãgnd jn prejuffmög sn rndimzdrä cnjmdgtn cítejes jn nstujme (nstujme jn cnrfdje, dgäimsms PNVZ, dgäimsms AEJD, hdidgfn jn cdtnrmdins, hdidgfn jn ngnrlãd, nstujme nfegöcmfe - amgdgfmnre, ntf.), smtudfmegns qun snräg mgvnstmldjds jurdgtn ni nstujme y su jnsdrreiie, ugd vnz qun sndg jncestrdjds su vdimjnz y fegamdhmimjdj  pejräg snr utmimzdjes ng etres trdhdbes jn mgvnstmldfmög.

4.>.: Bustmamfdfmög mgjmvmjudi Jurdgtn ni prefnse jn rndimzdfmög jn nstn nstujme jn preynfte sn dpimfdräg ids knrrdcmngtds jn nstujme djqumrmjes jurdgtn id aercdfmög ng id fdrrnrd (cdrontmgl, 6 Vdiins

& Cdrmg Fegsuiterãd Mgtnrgdfmegdi, Cnrfdje jn Knidjes ng Heimvmd, 8041. 804<

: Nurecegmter,

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Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

mgvnstmldfmög jn cnrfdjes, jmsnôe jn prefnses mgjustrmdins, pidgmamfdfmög jn id  prejuffmög, djcmgmstrdfmög mgjustrmdi, mglngmnrãd jn festes, fegstruffmegns n mgstdidfmegns mgjustrmdins, prnpdrdfmög y nvdiudfmög jn preynftes, tnfgeielãd jn dimcngtes, nstrdtnlmd ncprnsdrmdi), utmimzdr fegefmcmngtes, feg ug ngaequn d id cnberd fegtmgud y d ug cdyer gmvni jn fegefmcmngte dfdjícmfe. Zngnr id epertugmjdj jn pdrtmfmpdr ng ni cnrfdje feg prejuftes nidherdjes per id ncprnsd, fece pdrtn häsmfd jn sestngmhmimjdj jni cnrfdje ng nspnfmdi jni jnsdrreiie jn Heimvmd d cnjmjd qun ducngtd ni frnfmcmngte jn id prejuffmög. Zrdhdbdr ng id nidherdfmög jni tncd jni preynfte cnjmdgtn id infturd ehtngnr id Imfngfmdturd ng Mglngmnrãd Mgjustrmdi.

4.1 Difdgfn Ni preynfte tmngn difdgfn y imcmtdfmög per ies smlumngtns dspnftes2 * Vn fegsmjnrd seie ids zegds prejufterds y petngfmdins prevnnjerns jn cdtnrmds  prmcds pdrd ni preynfte jni jnpdrtdcngte jn Id Pdz. P dz. *

Ni prejufte ehtngmje snrä earnfmje di cnrfdje jn id fmujdj jn Id Pdz ng id zegd

sur, jn dfunrje feg ies rnsuitdjes ehtngmjes sn dcpimdrä ni dhdstnfmcmngte d ids jncäs zegds jn id fmujdj. *

Pdrd ni jmsnôe jni preynfte sn tecdrä ng fungtd ies prefnjmcmngtes pdrd id

 prejuffmög, ug dgäimsms jn nstujme jn cnrfdje pdrd id mjngtmamfdfmög y nidherdfmög jn sdherns, fäifuie jn id prejuffmög, hdidgfn jn cdtnrmd - ngnrlãd y jncestrdr id adftmhmimjdj jni preynfte qun dsã ie rnqumnrn ids jmanrngtns ärnds jn id Mglngmnrãd Mgjustrmdi. 

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Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

FDPÃZ^IE MM2 PIDGMAMFDFMÖG NVZXDZÍLMFD

8.4 Dgäimsms jn id smtudfmög dftudi Vn rndimzd ug jmdlgöstmfe jn id smtudfmög dftudi cnjmdgtn ni dgäimsms PNVZ y id cdtrmz AEJD, qun sn jnsdrreiid d fegtmgudfmög.

8.4.4 Dgäimsms jni ngterge PNVZ Ids nstrdtnlmds ge jnhng surlmr jn id gdjd, jnhng rnspegjnr di ngterge jni gnlefme, jn dkã id mcpertdgfmd jn rndimzdr ug dgäimsms jn id smtudfmög dftudi jni ngterge lngnrdi jn id sefmnjdj.> 

8.4.4.4 Ni fegsucmjer Ni jnsdrreiie jn prejuftes preperfmegdrä rnspunstds d ids gnfnsmjdjns, jnsnes, y djncäs nxpnftdtmvds jni fegsucmjer, di tngnr ng fungtd sus kähmtes, prnanrngfmds, fecpertdcmngtes y pdtregns jn fegsuce. Jn mludi cdgnrd, dtngjnrä su jncdgjd, jnsjn ni pugte jn vmstd jni hngnamfme nspnrdje y sus augfmegdimjdjns. Xnspegjnrä jn aercd cäs dprepmdjd d ids gnfnsmjdjns y ies jnsnes jn ies fimngtns y fegsucmjerns.

8.4.4.8 Id erldgmzdfmög Ni jnsdrreiie jn prejuftes dsnlurdrä d id erldgmzdfmög pnrcdgngfmd ng ni cnrfdje, mgfrncngtdgje su fdpdfmjdj nstrdtílmfd y fecpntmtmvd pdrd dtdfdr y jnangjnrsn jn ies jn ies fecpntmjerns ng id smtudfmög dftudi ng id qun sn ngfungtrd. Id erldgmzdfmög pejrä jnsdrreiidr n mgtnlrdr dvdgfns tnfgeiölmfes, tdgte ng ies  prefnses prejuftmves fe fece ce ni ies prejuftes y ies nincngtes qun ie fegstmtuyng, d trdvís jni pesmfmegdcmngte y cnrfdje ldgdje jurdgtn ni pnrmeje jn pnrcdgngfmd.

> Jdgmni

Cdrtãgnz Pnjres 8048, päl. 6:

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Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Ni jnsdrreiie jn prejuftes preperfmegdrä id epertugmjdj jn sustmtumr e rnaercuidr ies  prejuftes ng id jnfdjngfmd.

8.4.4.6 Id sefmnjdj ^g prejufte cnberdje pejrä fegvnrtmrsn ng peie jn jnsdrreiie nfegöcmfe jn id fmujdj y tdchmíg jni pdãs. Vnrä jn vmtdi mcpertdgfmd di fegvnrtmrsn ng preceter jn ncpine, lngnrdgje punstes jn trdhdbe y cnberdgje ni gmvni jn vmjd jn ids pnrsegds. Id cntejeielãd pdrd dgdimzdr ni ngterge lngnrdi ns ni dgäimsms PNVZ, qun fegsmstn ng nxdcmgdr ni mcpdfte jn dquniies adfterns nxtnrges qun nstäg aunrd jni fegtrei jn id ncprnsd, pnre qun punjng danftdr su jnsdrreiie auture. Gunstre mgtnrís ns qun id sefmnjdj sn fegvmnrtd ng ugd erldgmzdfmög dftmvd ng fudgte d id nxpierdfmög jni ngterge, vmlmidgfmd jn ids tngjngfmds y dgtmfmpdfmög jn id pesmfmög jn ies fecpntmjerns ng ni auture.

Amlurd 8.4 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Dgäimsms jni Ngterge Lngnrdi Ln gnrdi ’PNVZ–  ’PNVZ–  Adfterns Peiãtmfes Adfterns Nfegöcmfes Imhrn fecpntngfmd y pretnffmög di Ni frnfmcmngte nfegöcmfe pdrd ni 804< fegsucmjer. aun jn :.8%, y pdrd bugme ni 804; ug :.14 14% % sn snllug ni HC. HC.  Gercds pdrd id prejuffmög jn dimcngtes, :. dyuj dyujdg dg d cn cnbe berd rdrr id pr prej ejuf uffm fmög ög.. Pdtregns jn fegsuce ng ducngte, esmmfmög d pdldr per cäs fdimjdj ng ni Vnlurmjdj n Kmlmngn2 Xnlmstres jmspes snrvmfme e dtrmhute Vdgmtdrmes, dujmtermds d ncprnsds jn  prejufte, jmanrngfmdjer. dimcngtes. Dgäimsms PNVZ Adfterns Vefme-fuiturdins y Jncelräamfes 4 jn fdjd : pnrsegds seg mgteinrdgtns d id idfte dftesd sd y id cd cdyyer ermd md ge ie sdhn sdhn.. Ni fegsuce jn knidjes yd ge ns ug adfter  qun qun jnpn jnpngj gjnn td tdgt gtee jn id idss tn tncp cpnr nrdt dtur urds ds ng ids rnl rnlmeg megns. ns.

Adfterns Znfgeiölmfes Fecprd jn nqumpes y cäqumgds d fecpntmjerns, pnrcmtn cnberdr su  prejuffmög. Id fecugmfdfmög jmlmtdi cnberd id rnidfmeg feg ies fimngtns, dyujd d fecpdrtmr sus nxpnrmngfmds mgtnrfegnftdgjeies.

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Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög jn dfunrje di prefnse jn nstujme

8.4.8 Dgäimsms AEJD Pdrtn jni nstujme ns ug dgäimsms nxtnrge n mgtnrge feg id Cdtrmz AEJD? id vdierdfmög lngnrdi jn ids aunrzds, jnhmimjdjns, epertugmjdjns y dcngdzds. D pdrtmr jn id nidherdfmög jni dgäimsms AEJD, sn nstdhinfn cntds nspnfãamfds pdrd ni  pnrmeje ng funstmög, ng su cdyerãd ehbntmves qun mgfiuyng id rngtdhmimjdj, ducngte jn ids vngtds, mgfrncngte jn id pdrw666tmfmpdfmög jni cnrfdje, jmscmgufmög jn rmnsles, mggevdfmög y rnputdfmög. Ids nstrdtnlmds prevmngng jni dgäimsms pdrd ielrdr ids cntds y ehbntmves jn id smlumngtn cdgnrd2

Amlurd 8.8 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Cdtrmz AEJD Aertdinzds Fegefmcmng Fegefmc mngte te jni cnrfdj cnrfdjee Jm Jmvnr vnrsm smjd jdjj jn sdhe sdherns rns Pr Prnf nfme me df dfer erjn jn d id rn rndi dimj mjdj dj Fdpdfm Fdp dfmtdf tdfmög mög fegstd fegstdgtn gtn jni pnrsegd pnrsegdii Epertugmjdjns jn gnlefme ng ni fdcpe qun qun jns jnsdr drrei reiid id id ncprn ncprnsd sd Frnf Frnfmc mcmn mngt gtee jn id jn jncd cdgj gjdd jn pr prej ejuf ufte tess smcmidrns

Epertugmjdjns Nidherdrr pre Nidherd prejuf juftes tes cäs mgg mggevdj evdjern ernss Cnberdr id pdrtmfmpdfmög ng ni cnrfdje jn knidje knidjess Frnfm Frn fmcm cmngt ngtee nf nfeg egöc öcmf mfee jn id ncprn ncprnsd sd Jnsd Jn sdrr rrei eiie ie ng ni cnrf cnrfdj djee ie iefd fdii Pe Pesm smfm fmeg egdc dcmn mngt gtee fe fece ce gu gunv nvdd cdrf cdrfdd ng ni cnrfdje Ns Nstd tdhm hmim imjd jdjj y fr frnf nfmc mcmn mngt gtee ng vngt vngtds ds

Cdtrmz AEJD Jnhmimjdjns Fdimjdj Fdim jdj jn jnii pre preju juft ftee Pefe Pefe df dffn fnse se d frí fríjm jmte tess hd hdgf gfdr drme mess Hdbd Hd bd jn jncd cdgjd gjd ng tn tncp cperd erdjd jdss arã arãds ds  Ge pesnn ug öptmce mgvngtdrme Festes ninvdjes jn cdrontmgl y  puhimfmjdj Jnam Jn amffmngt mngtnn na nammfm fmng ngfm fmdd ng snrv snrvmmfm fmes es jn pr prnn vngt vngtdd y pe pest st vngt vngtdd

Dcngdzds Znf nfge geie ielã lãdd jn pugtd pug td jn id fe fecp cpnt ntng ngfm fmdd Ns Nstrd trdtn tnlm lmdd jn id fe fecp cpnt ntng ngfm fmdd Mgnstdhmim Mgnst dhmimjdj jdj peiãt peiãtmfd mfd Jnveiu Jnv eiufmö fmögg jn prejuf prejuftes tes Prejuftee nstdfmegdi Prejuft nstdfmegdi Lrdg fecpntngfmd ng ni cnrfdje gdfmegdi

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög jn dfunrje di prefnse jn nstujme

44

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Aertdinzds - Epertugmjdjns  Ielrdr fucpimr ies nstägjdrns jn fdimjdj. Mggevdr y jnsdrreiidr gunves prejuftes. Mgtrejufmr id iãgnd jn prejuffmög ng ies cnrfdjes petngfmdins.

Epertugmjdjns - Jnhmimjdjns ^tmimzdr fdcpdôds jn cdrontmgl dlrnsmve. Dffnjnr d cäs iãgnds jn prejuffmög.

Aertdinzds - Dcngdzds  Dsnlurdr id fdimjdj y kdfnr cäs dtrdftmvd id prnsngtdfmög jni prejufte. Petngfmdr id tnfgeielãd y dpimfdr id cnberd fegtmgud di prefnse.

Dcngdzds - Jnhmimjdjns Eptmcmzdr ies smstncds jn jmstrmhufmög. Per ie tdgte sn tmngng fece cntds y ehbntmves jnsfrmtes jn id smlumngtn cdgnrd2

Zdhid 8.4  Jmsnôe jn ugd iãgnd jn prejuffmög2 Dgäimsms jn id Cdtrmz AEJD Mggevdr y jnsdrreiidr prejuftes. Dffnjnr d gunvds iãgnds jn prejuffmög. Cntds Dsnlurdr id fdimjdj y kdfnr cäs dtrdftmvd id prnsngtdfmög jni prejufte. Eptmcmzdr ies smstncds jn jmstrmhufmög. Ielrdr fucpimr ies nstägjdrns jn fdimjdj. Ehbntmves Petngfmdr id tnfgeielãd y dpimfdr id cnberd fegtmgud di prefnse. ^tmimzdr fdcpdôds jn cdrontmgl dlrnsmve. Nstrdtnlmds Mgtrejufmr id iãgnd jn prejuffmög ng ies cnrfdjes petngfmdins. Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd jn dfunrje di prefnse jn nstujme jn id Cdtrmz AEJD

8.8 Qngtdbd y nstrdtnlmd fecpntmtmvd ’Id fecpntmtmvmjdj jntnrcmgd ni íxmte e ardfdse jn ids ncprnsds. Id nstrdtnlmd fedjyuvd ng id hòsqunjd jn ugd pesmfmög adverdhin jngtre jn ugd mgjustrmd, nsfngdrme augjdcngtdi jegjn sn iinvd d fdhe id fecpntngfmd. Vu amgdimjdj ns ielrdr qun id ncprnsd

48

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

difdgfn ugd pesmfmög rngtdhin y sustngtdhin tecdgje ng fungtd d ids aunrzds qun rmlng id fecpntngfmd ng id mgjustrmd.–  mgjustrmd.– 1   Gunstrd vngtdbd fecpntmtmvd feg ni rnste jn ids ncprnsds qun ea earnfng rnfng prejufte smcmidr ns id vdrmnjdj, prnanrngfmd fuiturdi, fdimjdj y id mggevdfmög jn earnfnr gunves sdherns di cnrfdje, jmanrngfmdjes ng id nstítmfd jni prejufte, frndgje hngnamfmes ògmfes ng ni cnrfdje qun iinlun d fecpngsdr gunstres prnfmes. Gunstre amg ns pejnr snr fdpdfns jn  prejufmr prejuftes feg lrdg lr dg vdier per ngfmcd jni feste ncpindje.

8.8.4 Pidg pdrd ielrdr ugd vngtdbd fecpntmtmvd Pdrd qun ugd ncprnsd ielrn ugd rndi fdpdfmjdj jn lngnrdr vdier d idrle pidze su nstrdtnlmd ncprnsdrmdi jnhn ngaefdrsn ng trdzdr ug pidg jn vngtdbd fecpntmtmvd sestngmhin ng ni tmncpe.  tmncpe.  Fece fegsnfungfmd jmrnftd jn nstes tmpes jn vngtdbds fecpntmtmvds, nxmstng trns nstrdtnlmds fecpntmtmvds lngírmfds qun sn punjng dpimfdr d fudiqumnr ruhre ncprnsdrmdi?  pdrd dsnlurdrges ni frnfmcmngte frnfmcmng te jni vdier jn id ncprnsd.

8.8.8 Imjnrdzle ng festes  Gunstrd fdpdfmjdj jn eanrtdr ug prejufte d ug prnfme mganrmer e mludi d gunstres fecpntmjerns snrä ugd vngtdbd fecpntmtmvd, djncäs jn earnfnr ug prejufte jn lrdg fdimjdj y tejds ids fudimjdjns jn ug hung prejufte fdpdz jn fecpntmr ng ni cnrfdje. Nstrdtílmfdcngtn jdgje ugd dtngfmög prmermtdrmd d rnjufmr ies festes jn prejuffmög, ie qun sn punjn ielrdr cnjmdgtn2 Dffnse prmvminlmdje d ids cdtnrmds prmcds rnjufmngje ies festes smg hdbdr id fdimjdj jn nstes (husfdgje qun ges vngjdg d hdbes prnfmes). Djncäs jn ies mgsuces  preperfmegdjes per prevnnjerns prev nnjerns ng ni iuldr jn prejuffmög.  

Cdtnrmd prmcd   Mgsuces   Cdtnrmdins

1 Cmfkdni

Pertnr 804>, päl. 48

46

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Eanrtd jn ug gòcnre cdyer jn prejuftes ng ni cnrfdje, yd qun d cdyer prejuffmög ferrnspegjn ug cnger feste. Dpeydje ng cdrontmgl pdrd qun ducngtn id jncdgjd dsã cmsce id prejuffmög.  

Vm id jncdgjd vdrmd id prejuffmög ns ainxmhin d fuhrmr ies rnqunrmcmngtes.

Cdyer namfmngfmd ng ies trdhdbes qun fegiinvd id prejuffmög, fece snr ug smstncd jn  prejuffmög dutecdtmzdje, rnjufmngje tmncpes jn prejuffmög. p rejuffmög.  

Nqumpdcmngte jn cdqumgdrmd pdrd rnjufmr tmncpes jn prejuffmög.

^g jmsnôe jni prejufte fdpdfmtdje pdrd adfmimtdr su prejuffmög.  

Jnsjn id djqumsmfmög jn ies ceijns qun pnrcmtn ug cdgnbe aäfmi y jmgäcmfe jurdgtn id prejuffmög.   Id cdqumgdrmd d utmimzdr, qun dyujn d ehtngnr ni prejufte ng sus fegjmfmegns nspnrdjds.

8.8.6 Jmanrngfmdfmög jni prejufte Vnrä id fdpdfmjdj jn earnfnr ug prejufte jmstmgte (ies sdherns y ni jmsnôe) cäs dtrdftmve pdrd ies fegsucmjerns arngtn d ies prejuftes earnfmjes per gunstres fecpntmjerns. Feg id fegstmtufmög jn ugd epfmög dtrdftmvd fegstrumr gunstre prepme gmfke ng ni cnrfdje y dpestdr ng fecprdjerns qun husfdg fdrdftnrãstmfds pnfuimdrns jni prejufte jmstmgtds d ids qun earnfng ids ncprnsds epegngtns. Dilugds hungds dftudfmegns jn id nstrdtnlmd fecpntmtmvd jn id jmanrngfmdfmög snräg2  

Cdtnrmds prmcds jn cdyer vdier, arngtn d ies prejuftes ng ni cnrfdje.   Id fdimjdj ns id jmanrngfmd pdrd snr cäs dtrdftmves ng ni cnrfdje.   ^g snrvmfme di fimngtn cäs nspnfãamfe y fdpdfmtdje pdrd preperfmegdr snlurmjdj d ies fecprdjerns ng ni tmncpe. Pdrd mgtrejufmr ies prejuftes di cnrfdje, sn jdrä ugd fdpdfmtdfmög jn snrvmfme di fimngtn d ies trdhdbdjerns pdrd dsnlurdr id amjnimjdj jn ies fimngtns. Earnfnr ug jmsnôe jni prejufte nxfiusmve qun snd ug dtrdftmve cuy aunrtn pdrd ies fimngtns.

4:

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

8.8.: Ngaequn Vn nspnfmdimzdrä ng ni snlcngte jni cnrfdje y ng earnfnr ni cnber prejufte pngsdje nxprnsdcngtn ng ies rndins rnqunrmcmngtes jni fegsucmjer. ^gd fdtnlerãd nspnfmdi jn  petngfmdins fecprdjerns qun sn jnsnd rnfupnrdr ng id cmscd ärnd lnelräamfd feg ug snlcngte pdrtmfuidr jn id iãgnd jn prejuftes. Feg ugd vmsmög jn tngnr id fdpdfmjdj jn ldgdr tnrrnge y fdchmdr id pesmfmög arngtn d ie qun efurrd ng ni cnrfdje.

8.6 Id fdjngd jn vdier. Id jmstrmhufmög fece snrvmfme di fimngtn Di cngfmegdr pidzd pidzd sn rnamnrn2 mgjmfdr ni iuldr, smtme, ns ni pnjdze jn cnrfdje ng ni qun sn jnfmjn pdrtmfmpdr, pnre djncäs jn id iinldjd d nsn cnrfdje, ge ns seie jegjn sn qumnrn iinldr? smge tdchmíg fece sn vd d iinldr d nsn cnrfdje.

Amlurd 8.6 Jmsnôe jn ugd iãgnd jn prejuffmög2 Fdjngd jn vdier

Jmsnôdr

Fecprdr  

Fdifuidr  prnfme

Prejufmr

Pu Puhimfmtdr

Qngjnr 

  e    j   d   f   r   n    C

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög jn dfunrje di prefnse jn nstujme jni Jmsnôe jn id Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Pdrd su fecnrfmdimzdfmög ng ies iefdins jnhn jnsdrreiidrsn ugd nstrdtnlmd jn jmstrmhufmög y snrvmfme di fimngtn tecdgje ng fungtd ies adfterns pidgtndjes pdrd2  

Dlrnldr vdier.   Cnberdr id fehnrturd jni cnrfdje.   Jmscmgumr tmncpes jn ngtrnld cnberdgje ni snrvmfme jn dtngfmög di fimngtn.   Kdfnr dffnsmhins ies prejuftes. Id jmstrmhufmög ns per vngtd (jmrnftd e mgjmrnftd), tngmngje ng fungtd funstmegns jn föce sn vd d jmstrmhumr sm sn prnsngtdg pnjmjes aunrd jni iuldr jn vngtd, ng teje fdse ni fegtdfte ns jmrnftdcngtn feg ni fimngtn (ncprnsd-fimngtn), fegsmjnrdgje id rnidfmög feg ies prevnnjerns, feste jn trdgspertn jn ids cdtnrmds prmcds e jn ies prejuftes ng prefnse 4>

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

y tnrcmgdjes, jnsjn ni iuldr jegjn sn prejufn kdstd ni iuldr jegjn sn vngjn e fegsucn. Id jmstrmhufmög smlun id fdjngd jn vdier jn id Amlurd 8.6.

8.6 Dpimfdfmög jn cejnie Indg Fdgvds Ng ni cejnie jn gnlefme Fdgvds sn tmngn = nincngtes jegjn per ug idje sn tmngn di cnrfdje, per etre idje id ncprnsd, ni ngterge, prefnses y sus dftmves. Vn jnsfrmhn ng ug imngze smcmidr di husmgnss cejni fdgvds, sehrn teje ng fudgte di ngaequn qun sn cunstrd d fegtmgudfmög2

8.6.4 Prehincd ^g dspnfte fidvn ng fudiqumnr gnlefme ns tngnr fidre ni prehincd qun sn vd d rnseivnr. Zecdgje ng fungtd ies prmgfmpdins prehincds y pestnrmercngtn dgdimzdr ids seiufmegns.

8.6.8 Veiufmög Fegefmngje ni prehincd, ns fegvngmngtn jnamgmr ids augfmegdimjdjns prmgfmpdins qun ges dyujdrd d rnseivnr ies prehincds.

8.6.6 Cítrmfds fidvn Ns mcpertdgtn jnamgmr ies mgjmfdjerns qun sn utmimzdrä pdrd cnjmr ni cejnie jn gnlefme.

8.6.: Qngtdbd jmanrngfmdi Vnlumrä ni pidg pdrd ielrdr vngtdbd fecpntmtmvd y nstn snd sestngmhin ng ni tmncpe.   Fdgvd dgvdss  8.6.> Nsquncd I ndg F

Ni nsquncd  Indg Fdgvds Fdgvds   ns ug imngze jn cejnie jn gnlefme, ns djdptdje pdrd cejnies jn gnlefme.

41

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Zdhid 8.8 Jmsnôe jn ugd iãgnd jn prejuffmög2 Nsquncd Indg Fdgvds Prehincd Mgsdtmsadffmög jn ies fimngtns y fegsucmjerns per id  hdbd fdimjdj jn ies  prejuftes qun dftudicngtn sn fecnrfmdimzd, sn mjngtmamfö id jncdgjd jn prejuftes feg cdyer fdimjdj y vdrmnjdj jn sdherns. 

Qngtdbd Nspnfmdi Prepesmfmög jn vdier Id vngtdbd fecpntmtmvd ògmfd Nidherdr prejuftes feg jni gnlefme sn hdsd ng2 Imjnrdzle ng festes id fdimjdj y sdherns  Imjnrdzle Jmanrngfmdfmög jni rnqunrmjes per ies  Jmanrngfmdfmög  prejufte fimngtns. Ngaequn Cnberdr fegtmgudcngtn  Ngaequn ies prejuftes. Fdgdins Cítrmfds Fidvn Aunrzd jn vngtds Mgjmfdjerns nstujmdjes ng Xnjns Vefmdins mgvnstmldfmög jn cnrfdjes. Dtngfmög di fimngtn J Jnfmsmög nfmsmög jn fecprd jni   fegsucmjer petngfmdi Arnfungfmd jn fegsuce  Arnfungfmd Fdgtmjdj  Fdgtmjdj  Fdrdftnrãstmfds Fdrdftnrãstmfds jni  prejufte  Iuldr Iuldr Prnfme jni prejufte  Prnfme

Veiufmög Jmsnôe jn ugd iãgnd jn  prejuffmög pdrd sdtmsadfnr d ies fimngtns, rnfupnrdr ni cnrfdje n mgfrncngtdr ies mglrnses, nidherdgje sus  prepmes prejuftes.

Nstrufturd jn festes Id nstrufturd jn festes sn jntdiid ng ni Fdpãtuie 1 pugte 1.6

Vnlcngtes jn fimngtns Zejd id pehidfmög jn2 Id Pdz ^rhdgd Pehidfmög nfegöcmfdcngtn dftmvd  Gmvni nfegöcmfe2 cnjme, cnjme-dite, dite Njdj2 4> d 10 dôes Lígnre2 Ancngmge, cdsfuimge

Aiubes jn mglrnses Ni aiube jn mglrnses jni nstujme sn ies jntdiid ng ni Fdpãtuie 1  pugte 1.> - 1.1

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög jn dfunrje d id djdptdfmög Zkn Husmgnss Cejni Fdgvds

4<

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

FDPMZ^IE MMM2 NVZ^JME JN CNXFDJE

6.4 Jnsfrmpfmög jn ies prejuftes Id pdintd, ns ug knidje knfke d hdsn jn dlud e infkn, feg sdhermzdgtns gdturdins y dzòfdr, jn aercd didrldjd feg ug pdie ug pdie qun ie dtrdvmnsd pdrd tecdrie. Vn kdfn feglnidgje ni iãqumje dirnjnjer jn ug pdie jn cdjnrd, ng efdsmegns iinvdg dilòg rniinge (punjn snr infkn fegjngsdjd, cdgbdr e dilòg dicãhdr). Ies knidjes drtnsdgdins, sn adhrmfdg utmimzdgje prefnjmcmngtes cdgudins n

mgjustrmdins, ng jnpngjngfmds djnfudjds. Vn ncpindg tdg seie mglrnjmngtns arnsfes y ge usdg petngfmdjerns jni sdher gm feierdgtns drtmamfmdins, suning dôdjmrsn fegsnrvdgtns gdturdins d nstes knidjes sn ins dôdjn cnges fdgtmjdj jn dmrn.

6.8 Dgäimsms jn id eanrtd jn knidje ng ni cnrfdje Jngtre jni cnrfdje gdfmegdi lrdgjns mgjustrmds jnjmfdjds d id adhrmfdfmög jn knidjes fegfngtrdg id cdyerãd jn id eanrtd di cnrfdje y etres prejufterns qun sn jmanrngfmdg ng id eanrtd jn sus prejuftes jni cmsce tmpe, iinldgje d earnfnr di cnrfdje jn Id Pdz su  prejuffmög y fu fucpimr cpimr feg id jncdgjd? nstds mgjustrmds seg Jnimzmd, Pmi Dgjmgd, MGDI, qun tmngng ugd lrdg pdrtn jn id pdrtmfmpdfmög ng ni cnrfdje jni jnpdrtdcngte jn Id Pdz y Ni Dite pnre su gnlefme sn jmanrngfmd per ni cnrfdje di qun iinld, etrds mgjustrmds hdbe ids cdrfds fece jn Armle, Vpingjmj, Hresse, Juche, Ben Hdgdgd, Hmts&Frndc, Xmgdsfmcmngte, Jets ngtrn etres, iinldg d etre tmpe jn cnrfdje qun sn jmanrngfmd ng id fidsn nfegöcmfe-sefmdi di qun sn jmrmln, ni gnlefme jn id ncprnsd lmrd ng terge d nstn cnrfdje nspnfãamfe? tejds nstds aercdg pdrtn jn id eanrtd qun tmngn ni cnrfdje pdfnôe. Ids mgjustrmds y ncprnsds qun fecnrfmdimzdg knidjes earnfng ugd lrdg fdgtmjdj jn sdherns ng jmanrngtns prnsngtdfmegns, sn fegefn qun ni fegsuce pnr fäpmtd pdrd ni dôe 804< aun jn 4.: imtres/dôe,1=6 :1,6=< :0,;>8

+4;

4;,000 4;,8>= 4;,;:: 4=,46> 4=,:8= 4=,4,16> 80,1>: 8:, 60=,;48 :01,;;1 Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd ng hdsn d nstmcdfmög jni fecpertdcm fecpertdcmngte ngte jn id eanrtd ng ni cnrfdje iefdi

Ng id Zdhid 6.4 sn ehsnrvd id eanrtd di cnrfdje per ids ncprnsds jngtre jni snfter di fudi sn jmrmln id fecnrfmdimzdfmög, sn ehtuve jdtes nstmcdjes jn sus vngtds dgudins.

Lräamfe 6.8 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Fecpertdcmngte jn id eanrtd jni snfter Fecpertdcmngte jn id Eanrtd  >00,000  :00,000  600,000  800,000  400,000 8041

804<

804;

]ufdtäg

804= .+4;

8080

8084 Etres

8088

8086

808:

808>

Eanrtd

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög feg jdtes jn id Zdhid 6.4

Ni lräamfe 6.8 ges cunstrd ni fecpertdcmngte jn id eanrtd, nxmstn ug frnfmcmngte smlgmamfdtmve jn eanrtd jn ids ncprnsds jnjmfdjds d id nidherdfmög y fecnrfmdimzdfmög jn knidjes, ni frnfmcmngte jni fegsuce sn jnhn d id fuiturd jn id fmujdj, djncäs jn id mgvnstmldfmög y jnsdrreiie qun dpimfdg ids ncprnsds pdrd dcpimdr su pdrtmfmpdfmög ng ni ; Juche,

Xmgdsfmcmngte, Ben Hdgdgd, Hresse, Hmts&Frndc, Qdfd Arãd, Jetºs y etres.  

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Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

cnrfdje? su prejuffmög jnpngjn jn id pidgmamfdfmög qun tmngng, smg nchdrle di pdse jn ies dôes punjn mgfrncngtdrsn sm id fuiturd sehrn ni fegsuce jn knidje ng ni pdãs fdchmd.

6.6 Dgäimsms jn id jncdgjd Ni dgäimsms jn id jncdgjd mjngtmamfdrä id pehidfmög jn id fmujdj jn Id Pdz y ug snlcngte feg pejnr djqumsmtmve cnjme, cnjme-dite y dite, tmngn per ehbnte jntnrcmgdr id jncdgjd petngfmdi, pdrd su fecnrfmdimzdfmög. Pdrd dgdimzdr ni cnrfdje sn kd pidgndje jnsdrreiidr ugd mgvnstmldfmög jnsfrmptmvd, sn kdrä ni use jn ngfunstds, feg ni amg jn jntnrcmgdr vdrmdhins fudgtmtdtmvds rnidfmegdjds feg ies prejuftes fece snr2 Mgtngsmög jn fecprd, vdrmdhins jn fecpertdcmngte, hngnamfmes husfdjes, fdtnlerãd jn fegsucmjerns,

gmvni jn fegsuce, gmvni jn mgfimgdfmög d id fecprd, gmvni jn inditdj, dftmtuj, ngtrn etres.

6.6.4 Mgvnstmldfmög jn cnrfdje 6.6.4.4 Zmpe jn mgvnstmldfmög Vn utmimzdrd id mgvnstmldfmög jnsfrmptmvd, puns dyujdrä d jnsfrmhmr jn aercd fudgtmtdtmvd ids vdrmdhins jn mgtnrís, dsã fece id arnfungfmd feg id qun sn prnsngtdg.

6.6.4.8 Aungtns jn mgaercdfmög   Pdrd ni ferrnfte jnsdrreiie jn id mgvnstmldfmög jn cnrfdjes sn fegtdrä feg aungtns jn mgaercdfmög prmcdrmd, feg ni ehbntmve jn tngnr mgaercdfmög qun ge nstí snsldjd gm mgtnrprntdjd, tdchmíg sn kdrä use jn aungtns jn mgaercdfmög snfugjdrmd jnhmje d qun sn gnfnsmtdrd mgaercdfmög sehrn jdtes jncelräamfes, pdrd id snlcngtdfmög jni cnrfdje  petngfmdi.

6.6.4.8.4 Aungtns prmcdrmds Vn rnfepmidrd mgaercdfmög jn aungtns prmcdrmds puns gnfnsmtdces mgaercdfmög qun vngld jmrnftdcngtn jn ies fegsucmjerns petngfmdins. Pdrd tdi ehbntmve sn kdrä use jn id tífgmfd fudgtmtdtmvd jn id ’ngfunstd– qun sn dpimfdrd d gunstrd cunstrd rnprnsngtdtmvd, d trdvís jn ugd ngtrnvmstd pnrsegdi nstrufturdjd.

84

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

6.6.4.8.4 Aungtns Vnfugjdrmds Vn rnfurrn d mgaercdfmög prevngmngtn jn aungtns snfugjdrmds fece2 puhimfdfmegns jni Mgstmtute Gdfmegdi jn Nstdjãstmfd sehrn ids nstdjãstmfds jncelräamfds jn Heimvmd nspnfãamfdcngtn jn id fmujdj jn Id Pdz, pdrd id jntnrcmgdfmög jni tdcdôe jn cunstrd, y  pdrd id ferrnftd snlcngtdfmög jni cnrfdje. Dsã tdchmíg sn rnfurrmrä d puhimfdfmegns, mgaercns, hdsn jn jdte, tdsds jn frnfmcmngte, ngtrn etrds.

6.6.4.6 Pidgtndcmngte jni prehincd 6.6.4.6.4. ^gmjdj jn dgäimsms  ‖  Vnlcngtdfmög  Vnlcngtdfmög Pdrd jnamgmr id ugmjdj jn dgäimsms sn jnhn snlcngtdr di cnrfdje fegsucmjer pdrd

kdiidr ni cnrfdje ehbntmve, qun nstdrä fecpunste per ids pnrsegds feg id fdpdfmjdj jn djqumrmr prejuftes jn fegsuce jmanrngfmdje lngnrd ug nsaunrze djmfmegdi pdrd su djqumsmfmög. Pdrd snlcngtdr ni cnrfdje jn fegsuce sn utmimzdrä jes vdrmdhins2 id jnimcmtdfmög jn ies snlcngtes ng augfmög jn ids fdrdftnrãstmfds jnsfrmptmvds jn ies fegsucmjerns2 lnelräamfd, jncelräamfd y fegjuftudi pdrd jnamgmr ies snlcngtes rnanrngtn d su dftmtuj kdfmd ni prejufte.

Zdhid 6.8 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Vnlcngtdfmög jni cnrfdje fegsucmjer Vnlcngtdfmög Lnelräamfd Jnpdrtdcngte Id Pdz Prevmgfmd Curmiie Ärnd ^rhdgd Vnlcngtdfmög Jncelräamfd Nstdje Idherdi Pehidfmög nfegöcmfdcngtn dftmvd  Gmvni nfegöcmfe Fidsn2 cnjmd, cnjmd-ditd, ditd Njdj Jn 4> d 10 dôes Vnxe

Ancngmge, Cdsfuimge Vnlcngtdfmög fegjuftudi Fegefmcmngte jn ies prejuftes Pnrspnftmvd Xeins ng ids jnfmsmegns jn fecprd  Gmvni jn inditdj Dftmtuj kdfmd id fecprd Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd.

88

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Per tdgte, tngnces fece snlcngte cntd jni cnrfdje petngfmdi d teje fegsucmjer qun nstn jngtre jn tejes ies adfterns y vdrmdhins ngugfmdjes dgtnrmercngtn.

6.6.4.6.8 Nspdfme y tmncpe Id mgvnstmldfmög sn jnsdrreiiö ni ärnd urhdgd jni cugmfmpme jn Id Pdz (zegd sur, zegd fngtrdi) jurdgtn ni cns jn buime y dleste jni dôe 804;.

6.6.4.6.6 Qdrmdhins jnpngjmngtns    

Jnfmsmög jn fecprd jni fegsucmjer petngfmdi Arnfungfmd jn fegsuce   Fdgtmjdj

6.6.4.6.: Qdrmdhins mgjnpngjmngtns  

Fdrdftnrãstmfds jni prejufte   Iuldr   Prnfme jni prejufte

6.6.4.6.> Prnsngtdfmög jni prehincd µFöce mgaiuyng ids fdrdftnrãstmfds jni prejufte, ni iuldr jn vngtd y ni prnfme jni  prejufte ng id arnfungfmd jn fegsuce, fegsuce , fdgtmjdj y jnfmsmög jn fecprd jn ies fegsucmjerns petngfmdins jnsjn ies 4> d 10 dôes, nfegöcmfdcngtn dftmves  pnrtngnfmngtns d id fidsn cnjmd, cnjmd-ditd, ditd, ng ni ärnd urhdgd urhdg d jn id fmujdj jn Id Pdz jurdgtn ni cns jn buime y dleste jni dôe 804;5

6.6.4.: Ehbntmves jni prehincd 6.6.4.:.4 Ehbntmve Lngnrdi Jntnrcmgdr föce mgaiuyng ids fdrdftnrãstmfds jni prejufte, ni iuldr jn vngtd y ni  prnfme jni prejufte ng id arnfungfmd, fdgtmjdj y jnfmsmög jn fecprd jn ’pdintds cnxmfdgds– jn ies kechrns y cubnrns d pdrtmr jn ies 4> dôes kdstd ies 10 dôes  pnrtngnfmngtns d id fidsn cnjmd, cnjmd-ditd, ditd, nfegöcmfdcngtn dftmvds.

6.6.4.:.8 Ehbntmves nspnfãamfes  

Jntnrcmgdr id mgaiungfmd jn ids fdrdftnrãstmfds jni prejufte ng id jnfmsmög jn fecprd. 86

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

 

Jntnrcmgdr id mgaiungfmd jni iuldr jn vngtd ng id arnfungfmd jn fegsuce.

 

Jntnrcmgdr id mgaiungfmd jni prnfme jni prejufte ng id fdgtmjdj jni fegsuce.

6.6.4.> Jnamgmfmög jn id tífgmfd jn cunstrne Pdrd ni nstujme sn ncpindrd ni cunstrne prehdhmiãstmfe puns tejes ies nincngtes jn id  pehidfmög tngjräg id cmscd prehdhmimjdj jn snr ninlmjes ng ugd cunstrd rnprnsngtdtmvd qun pnrcmtn mganrmr ies rnsuitdjes d tejd id pehidfmög. Jngtre jn nstn tmpe jn cunstrne sn utmimzdrä ni cunstrne dindterme smcpin puns fudiqumnr nincngte tmngn id cmscd  prehdhmimjdj jn snr mgfiumje ng id cunstrd ns jnfmr seg nqumprehdhins.

6.6.4.1 Jmsnôe jn id cunstrd

6.6.4.1.4 Jntnrcmgdfmög jn id pehidfmög Id pehidfmög qun pdrtmfmpdrä ng id mgvnstmldfmög snrä ni fegbugte amgmte jn pnrsegds jnimcmtdje per id snlcngtdfmög pidgtndjd ng id Zdhid 6.4. Jegjn2  

Nincngte2 Pnrsegds qun fegsucng knidjes   ^gmjdj jn cunstrd2 Pnrsegds d pdrtmr jn 4> dôes kdstd ies 10 dôes  pnrtngnfmngtns d id fidsn cnjmd, cnjmdcnjmd-ditd, ditd, ditd, nfegöcmfdcngtn dftmvds, smg jmstmgfmög jn lígnre.   Difdgfn2 Nstd mgvnstmldfmög jn jnsdrreiidrä ni ärnd urhdgd jni Cugmfmpme jn Id Pdz (zegd sur, zegd fngtrdi).   Zmncpe2 Xndimzdje jurdgtn ni cns jn buime y dleste dôe 804;. Nstd snlcngtdfmög sn rndimzö ng augfmög jn ids fdrdftnrãstmfds jni prejufte, ids cmscds qun kdfng qun ge snd fegsmjnrdje jn prmcnrd gnfnsmjdj smge jn fegsuce  prnanrngfmdi. Nste d rdzög jni prnfme jni prejufte, puns ies prnfmes pnrcdgnfng  präftmfdcngtn smg gmglugd vdrmdfmög (ng ids knidjnrãds jni cmsce snfter jn gnlefme). gnlefme) . Ng nstn fegtnxte, ni nstdje idherdi jn id pehidfmög ns id prmcnrd vdrmdhin qun sn fegsmjnrd  pdrd id snlcngtdfmög ferrnspegjmngtn. Vnlòg ni Mgstmtute Gdfmegdi jn Nstdjãstmfd (MGN), ni fudrte trmcnstrn jni 8041, dirnjnjer jn =1 pnrsegds jn fdjd 400 qun vmvng ng ni ärnd urhdgd y == jn fdjd 400  pnrsegds qun vmvng ng ni ärnd rurdi, qun seg pdrtn jn id Pehidfmög Nfegöcmfdcngtn 8:

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Dftmvd (PND), sn ngfungtrdg efupdjds, jn dfunrje d id Ngfunstd Fegtmgud jn Ncpine (NFN). Ng nsn pnrmeje jn rnanrngfmd, id Zdsd Liehdi jn Pdrtmfmpdfmög ng ni ärnd urhdgd aun jn >1,:%? nstd tdsd cunstrd qun >1 jn fdjd 400 Pnrsegds ng Njdj jn Zrdhdbdr (PNZ), sn kdiidg nfegöcmfdcngtn dftmvds, ng tdgte qun :: pnrsegds jn fdjd 400 seg nfegöcmfdcngtn mgdftmvds.= 

Lräamfe 6.6 Heimvmd2 Pehidfmög per jnpdrtdcngtes, fngse 8004 y 8048

Aungtn2 MGN

Per mgtnrpeidfmög jn id mgaercdfmög jni Lrdamfe 6.8, pdrd ni dôe 8041 tngnces ugd  pehidfmög ng id fmujdj jn Id Pdz jn 8,;61.:%. Per fegjmfmög jn dftmvmjdj, ni :>,8% jn ids cubnrns y ni 18,;% jn ies kechrns jnfidrdreg nstdr efupdjes y >8,:% jn ids cubnrns y 6:,>% jn ies kechrns nstdhdg mgdftmves jurdgtn ni òitmce trmcnstrn jn 8041.

= MGN,

Mgstmtute Gdfmegdi jn Nstdjãstmfd

8>

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Lräamfe 6.: Heimvmd2 Pehidfmög urhdgd per fegjmfmög jn dftmvmjdj y snxe, fudrte trmcnstrn 8041 (%)

Efupdje

Jnsefupdjes 

Mgdftmves 

Aungtn2 Mgstmtute Gdfmegdi jn Nstdjãstmfd (MGN)

Zdhid 6.6 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Vnlcngtdfmög jni cnrfdje, PND 40 y PNZ Pehidfmög ^rhdge Xurdi Cubnrns Kechrns CND44  KND48  PNZ46  11.>0% 66.>0% 400% ==..80% 18.;0% >1.:0% 8,;10,;,6:< =>6,8;< =:=,406 :60,;;1 >=1,06< >>1,04< Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd feg hdsn ng jdtes ehtngmjes ng ni Lräamfe 6.8 - 6.6.

Feg ies jdtes ehtngmjes sn jntnrcmgdrä ni fäifuie jn id pehidfmög jn nstujme, sn fegsmjnrd id vdrmdhin jn id PND, PNZ y id fidsn sefmdi fece sn cunstrd ng id smlumngtn tdhid.

Zdhid 6.6 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Vnlcngtdfmög jni cnrfdje, fidsn sefmdi Fidsn Vefmdi4:  Perfngtdbn Zetdi Pehidfmög ehbnte jn nstujme Ditd >% 81:

-

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd feg hdsn ng jdtes ehtngmjes ng id Zdhid 6.8 40 Pehidfmög Nfegöcmfdcngtn Dftmvd 44 Cubnrns Nfegöcmfdcngtn Dftmvds 48 Kechrns

Nfegöcmfdcngtn Dftmves ng njdj jn trdhdbdr 4: Ni Jnhnr, 804% tngnces ni vdier jn 4.=1



Per ie tdgte ni tdcdôe jn cunstrd  snrä2

8<

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

 ∜0   88 ∜ 0.>  3 0.0= ∜   ∜ 88 3 44;.>4   3     4>

6.6.4.< Nidherdfmög jn id ngfunstd Ni jmsnôe jni funstmegdrme sn rndimzö ng augfmög jn ies ehbntmves jn id mgvnstmldfmög (vídsn DGN[E MM)

6.: Dgäimsms jn id ngfunstd Id ngfunstd sn rndimzö d 44= pnrsegds ng jes zegds jn id fmujdj pdrd qun ies

ngfunstdjes sndg cnjmjes ng jmanrngtns nspdfmes (zegd fngtrdi y zegd sur), sn rndimzö feg ug lrdje jn fegamdgzd jni =>%, jnpurdgje >0 ngfunstds qun mgmfmdicngtn rnspegjmnreg VM d id prmcnrd prnlugtd amitre (vídsn DGN[E MM), jurdgtn id rnvmsmög jni funstmegdrme feg ni ehbntmve jn mgfrncngtdr id nxdftmtuj y id prnfmsmög, tngnces fece rnspunstd ie qun sn cunstrd d fegtmgudfmög ng ug dgäimsms cnjmdgtn lräamfes, feg id jmstrmhufmög jn arnfungfmds, tdhuidfmög fruzdjd seg tífgmfds qun ges hrmgjdrä mgaercdfmög sehrn ies jdtes y fegstmtuyng pdrd ni preynfte ni augjdcngte jn dgäimsms cäs dvdgzdje.

Lräamfe 6.> Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Prnlugtd amitre µ^stnj fegsucn knidjes5 8%

VM

GE

=;%

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög feg hdsn ng ies jdtes ehtngmjes ng id ngfunstd 4> 

’Ids vdrmdhins utmimzdjds pdrd jmvmjmr d id pe hidfmög ng nstrdtes sn fegefng fece vdrmdhins jn nstrdtmamfdfmög. Ies frmtnrmes pdrd id sninffmög jn nsds vdrmdhins mgfiuyng kecelngnmjdj, rnidfmög y feste. Jngtre jn ug nstrdte, ns gnfnsdrme qun ies nincngtes sndg tdg kecelígnes fece snd pesmhin– Cdiketrd , 800;. Mgvnstmldfmög Mgvnstmldfmög jn Cnrfdjes, >td nj. päl. 6:=

8;

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Jni tetdi jn id pehidfmög ngfunstdjd ug =;% mgjmfdreg qun fegsucng knidjes y ug 8% ge fegsucn per jmanrngtns rdzegns? ns jmdhítmfe e su sdiuj ge in pnrcmtn fegsucmr  prejuftes qun fegtngldg dzòfdr ngtrn etres, nstd perfmög ns pnqunôd pnre punjn snr dtngjmjd di prejufmr dimcngtes nidherdjes feg njuiferdgtns pdrd tecdr nsd pdrtn jn cnrfdje.

Zdhid 6.: Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Pehidfmög snlòg mjngtmjdj jn lígnre Vnxe Ancngmge Cdsfuimge ;; 64 0 8:%

4> d 84 86%

4> d 84 88 d 8;

88 d 8;

8= d 6> 61 d >0

4;% 8= d 6> 66%

Cäs jn >0

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög feg hdsn ng ies jdtes ehtngmjes ng id ngfunstd

8=

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Id prnlugtd pnrcmtn jntnrcmgdr id jmstrmhufmög ng id pehidfmög cntd mjngtmamfdjes per rdgle jn njdj, id cdyer pdrtn jn ies ngfunstdjes nstäg jngtre jn ies 88 dôes kdstd ies >0 dôes nstes rnprnsngtdg lrdg pdrtn jn id pehidfmög sucdjes smngje ni ;0% jn id  pehidfmög, ni 86% jn ies qun sn ngfungtrdg ngtrn ies 4> dôes d 84 dôes lngnrdicngtn ge seg pdrtn jn id pehidfmög nfegöcmfdcngtn dftmvd punste qun diluges jn niies ge trdhdbdg, ug >0 dôes aercdg pdrtn jn id pehidfmög nfegöcmfdcngtn dftmvd ng su tetdimjdj tmngn aungtns jn trdhdbe nstdhins y punjng iinldr d snr fimngtns petngfmdins rnprnsngtdgje ugd pdrtn mcpertdgtn jngtre jn id snlcngtdfmög jni cnrfdje.

Lräamfe 6.< Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Jdte jncelräamfe, zegd, jmrnffmög jni ngfunstdje Ni Dite 4% Qmiids e Idjnrds 4:% Regd Vur :>% Regd Vur

Regd Fngtrdi :0%

Regd Fngtrdi Qmiids e Idjnrds Ni Dite

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög feg hdsn ng ies jdtes ehtngmjes ng id ngfunstd

Id ngfunstd sn rndimzö ng id zegd fngtrdi y id zegd sur qun seg pdrtns mcpertdgtns pdrd nstn nstujme perqun uge jn ies ehbntmves ns mgtrejufmrges ng nstn cnrfdje y aercdr pdrtn jn id dftmvmjdj nfegöcmfd? per ie tdgte pdrtn jn ids cdyerns perfmegns feg ug ;>% seg  pnrsegds qun vmvng ng id zegd fngtrdi y id zegd sur, ni rnste rnprnsngtdgje ug 4>% seg  pdrtn jn ids vmiids e idjnrds jn gunstrd fmujdj y tdchmíg pdrtn jn id fmujdj jn Ni Dite qun ge gnfnsdrmdcngtn seg fimngtns petngfmdins pnre sm seg pdrtn jn nstn dgäimsms, jn id  punjng snr pdrtn jn ies fegsucmjerns, fimngtns e fecprdjerns, jurdgtn ids fecnrfmdimzdfmög nxmstn ug lrdg aiube jn pnrsegds qun seg jn tejd id fmujdj, ns per nste qun ge sn nxfiuyn nstd pdrtn jn id pehidfmög. 60

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Lräamfe 6.; Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Mglrnses pnrfmhmjes per adcmimd 0 :0 60 80 40 0

Cnge Cngess jn jn 8 80 010

801 014 4  ‖ 6>00

6>04 - >000

>004  ‖ 40000

Cäs jn 40000

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög feg hdsn ng ies jdtes ehtngmjes ng id ngfunstd

^gd pdrtn mcpertdgtn jni nstujme jn cnrfdje y ehbntmve seg pnrsegds, adcmimds qun sn ngfungtrng jngtre jn id fidsn sefmdi di qun sn jmrmln ni prejufte, id cdyer pdrtn jn id  pehidfmög ngfunstdjd nstä jngtre jn ies mglrnses qun id ncprnsd jnsnd pdrd su nstujme,  pehidfmög qun rnprnsngtd ug Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Dgäimsms jn prnfmes per mgtngfmög jn fecprd =% 0% 6%

Hs. 44 Hs. 48 Hs. 46 Hs. 4: Hs. 4>

64%

>00?6.>04 ≪  ≪ >.000?>.004 ≪  ≪ 40.000? 7 40.000   2 Ns ni Vdidrme Cãgmce Gdfmegdi 2 Ns ni prnfme jn vngtd,  ⌂⌂44,48,46,4:,4> 44,48,46,4:,4>⌏⌏  mmm)  Cejnie nfegecítrmfe jn id tnerãd

 +    +   3  +  mv)  Xnsucng jn jdtes Zdhid 6.> Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Xnsucng jn jdtes jni dgäimsms jn cnrfdje ] [4 [8 4 48 :1 >: 1

4 8 6 : >

1; 8< 6 44 0

40 60 >; 88 >

Aungtn2 Nidherdje feg hdsn ng jdtes jn id ngfunstd jn cnrfdje

6<

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

v)  Nstmcdfmög jni cejnie nfegecítrmfe Vupunstes jni cejnie2

 3 0  Xnsuitdjes2

 3 +0,=  +0,=4; 4;00   0,44:4   3 0,661= 0,6486

 

vm)  Prunhd jn kmpötnsms pdrd ids vdrmdhins mgjnpngjmngtns d)  Pidgtndcmngte jn id kmpötnsms

2  3  3 0  2  ≠  ≠ 0  h)  Nstmcdfmög jni pdräcntre tnörmfe

 3   0  

f)  Nstdjãstmfe jn prunhd

⁊  ,∘∘ 3 ,, 3 8,8% jn gmvni jn fegamdgzd sn punjn damrcdr qun ni prnfme ge ns smlgmamfdtmve y qun ni gmvni jn mglrnse sm ns smlgmamfdtmve. Jdje qun ni prnfme ge mgaiuyn ng ni cejnie pejnces rnnsfrmhmr ni cejnie fece2

 3 0,=4;0 +   vmm) Fegfiusmög jni cejnie Id arnfungfmd jn fecprd jnpngjn jni mglrnse jni fegsucmjer, id fdimjdj jni prejufte ies sdherns dtrdftmves seg mgaiuyngtns ng id jnfmsmög jn fecprd e fecpertdcmngte jni fegsucmjer.

6.:.8 Dgäimsms jn cnrfdje pdrd snlcngtdr per tmpe jn knidje m)  Znerãd nfegöcmfd Ni tmpe jn knidje (ZJK) jnpngjn jni mglrnse jni fimngtn (MJF), luste jni fimngtn (LJF), zegd ng id qun vmvng (RJX), nstdje fmvmi (NF), Lngnre (L), Njdj (N), Iuldr jn fecprd (IJF) y ni dfecpdôdcmngte (DFE). 6=

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

mm)  Cejnie cdtncätmfe jn id tnerãd

 3  +   +  +   +   +   +  +   +      Jegjn2

2 Ns ni tmpe jn knidje,    0 ≪  ≪ 0,8> 0,8>? Ä Ä    0,8> ≪  ≪ 0,>0 0,>0? Ä Ä 0,>0 ≪  ≪ 0, 0,2 20, ≪  ≪ 0,== 0,==   2 seg ies pdräcntres d nstmcdr 2 Ns ni mglrnse jni fimngtn,  ≪ 8010 8010 .>008010+ 8010+8 6.>00   3 804 ≪  ≪ >.000 >.0006>00+>000 6>00+>000 8   3 4060? ≪  ≪ 66.>00 8   3 00? 7 40.000 40.0004 4  3 :8>0?>.004 ≪  ≪ 40.000>000+840000

Fdifuie jn CF42 Prelrnsmög lnecítrmfd2

 3  +    3 18< +W4.;=   3 18< 18< ++((.) 3 46>4:  4 3 46>4: 2 Ns ni Vdidrme Cãgmce Gdfmegdi 2 Ns ni luste jni fimngtn,  0,4 0,4  2 Ns id zegd jn vngtd,   0, 4,  8  2 Ns ni nstdje fmvmi,  0, 4  2 Ns ni lígnre,  0,4  2 Ns id njdj, 4> ≪  ≪ 844;?88 ≪  ≪ 8;8>?8= ≪  ≪ 6>68?61 ≪  ≪ >0:6? 7 >08  Fdifuie jn CF82 Prelrnsmög drmtcítmfd

 3  +   3 0 + 44,8    3  44,8> 44,8> 3 >1 8 3 >1 :0

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

2 Ns ni iuldr jn fecprd,

   0, ,4,ã ,ã8,   6 6 

 2 Ns ni dfecpdôdcmngte,  ô ô0,  ô4 ô4  mmm)  Cejnie nfegecítrmfe jn id tnerãd

 3  +   +  +   +   +   +  +   +     +   mv)  Xnsucng jn jdtes dlrupdjes Zdhid 6.< Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Xnsucng jn jdtes jni dgäimsms jn cnrfdje

_]3yS 0,48> 0,6 0,18> 0,;

[4 40 4< >; :0

[8 > 44 ;< 41

[6 >: :; 41 0

[: 4> 41 :0 ::

[1 8; 84 6= 64

[< 14 :0 ;; >;

[; > :6 := 88

Aungtn2 Nidherdje feg hdsn ng jdtes jn id ngfunstd jn cnrfdje

v)  Nstmcdfmög jni cejnie nfegecítrmfe

  3 0,0,=4:084 +0,4,40< +0 00 0,0>0    00, 00  ,08008: = Aungtn2 Nidherdje feg hdsn ng jdtes jn id ngfunstd jn cnrfdje

v)  Fegfiusmög D ug gmvni jn fegamdgzd jn >% sn punjn damrcdr qun ies dtrmhutes seg mludi jn mcpertdgtns pdrd ni fimngtn, id mgtngfmög jn fecprd, ni luste jni fimngtn y su dfecpdôdcmngte.

6.> Dgäimsms jn prnfmes Id mgvnstmldfmög jn cnrfdjes punjn ncpindrsn fece hdsn pdrd nstdhinfnr peiãtmfds jn  prnfmes jn jmstmgtds cdgnrds, ies cítejes cäs òtmins seg? mgvnstmldfmög lngnrdi jn  prnfmes, ngfunstd jn prnfmes, dgäimsms jn ids tngjngfmds jn prnfmes y nxpnrmcngtes fegtreidjes? lngnrdicngtn ns cnber fechmgdr diluge jn nstes, pdrd nstn dgäimsms usdrnces id ngfunstd jn prnfmes pdrd ehtngnr adfterns mcpertdgtns y ehtngnr ies jdtes gnfnsdrmes. Ids ngfunstds jn prnfmes fegstmtuyng ni ngaequn smcpin pdrd ehtngnr mgaercdfmög jni cnrfdje dpimfdhin d ug prehincd pdrtmfuidr jn ambdfmög jn prnfmes, ehtmngn jdtes rndimstds sehrn prnfmes jni cnrfdje. ::

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Vn tmngn jes prepösmtes2  

Ehtngnr jdtes jn prnfmes dftudins nxdftes.

 

Ehtngnr epmgmegns rnanrngtns d ie qun fegstmtuyn ni prnfme cäs nanftmve pdrd ug prejufte jdje.

Fegtdces feg mgaercdfmög jni prnfme jn prejuftes smcmidrns y jn id fecpntngfmd jngtre jni cnrfdje, cnjmfmög jn id dftmtuj jn ies fegsucmjerns.

Zdhid Jmsnôe6.48 jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Dgäimsms jn prnfmes per fecpdrdfmög Fiäsmfe Nspnfmdi

Ncprnsd/Cdrfd ]ufdtäg PdPdintd Cmfkedfäg +4; Pdrmfutmg

_HsS _HsS 4 perfmög 486ci 4: 41 4: 4< 48 ge tmngn 48 ge tmngn 48 ge tmngn

Aungtn2 Mgaercdfmög rnfeinftdjd ng ies pugtes jn vngtd jn ids knidjnrãds

^gd fdrdftnrãstmfd qun tmngng ng fecòg nstds cdrfds ns id fdgtmjdj qun earnfng ng ug  prejufte y ns qun fdjd prejufte fegtmngn 486 ci. Id iãgnd jn prejuffmög sdfdrä di cnrfdje prejuftes jn 400 ci. Per ie tdgte ni prnfme jni prejufte jnhn snr bustmamfdje y jn dfunrje d ies jdtes jn id ngfunstd sn iinld d nstdhinfnr ug prnfme jn hs.48 pdrd su fecnrfmdimzdfmög, tecdgje ng fungtd ies festes jn prejuffmög (vídsn Fdp. QM)

:>

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

FDPMZ^IE MQ2 JMVNÔE JN ID IÃGND JN PXEJ^FFMÖG

:.4 Ni knidje Ni knidje, vmste tífgmfdcngtn, ns ug prejufte hdtmje fegstmtumje per ugd cnzfid jn  pretnãgds, dzòfdrns, sdins y etres fecpegngtns jmsunites. Zdchmíg fegtmngn liöhuies jn lrdsd ncuismegdjd y frmstdins jn kmnie. Ge seie ns ug prejufte jn dcpimd dfnptdfmög ng ni cnrfdje, smge qun tdchmíg tmngn ug vdier gutrmtmve y ns aungtn jn ngnrlãd. Vu vdier

fdiörmfe jnpngjn jni perfngtdbn jn fdrhekmjrdtes (idftesd, njuiferdgtn, dzòfdrns),  pretnãgds y iãpmjes. Djncäs, dpertd ugd lrdg fdgtmjdj jn vmtdcmgds impeseiuhins (D, J, N, O). Ies knidjes, di mludi qun ni rnste jn ies dimcngtes prejufmjes pdrd ni fegsuce jnhng nidherdrsn hdbe fegjmfmegns qun nvmtng id ditnrdfmög jn sus prepmnjdjns y dsnlurng su fdimjdj. Ni prejufte qun sn nidherdrä ns ug knidje ng aercd jn pdintd feg y smg rniinge, jmspegmhin pdrd tejd id pehidfmög tdgte jn infkn fece jn dlud.

:.4.4 Gunves Prejuftes Ies gunves prejuftes qun nstäg ng ni jmsnôe jn id iãgnd jn prejuffmög seg knidjes jn 486lr ng pdintd, seg ies smlumngtns sdherns2  

Pmn jn imcög rniinge jn infkn fegjngsdjd

 

Frncd feg erne

 

Arutes rebes rniinge jn infkn fegjngsdjd

 

Zrns infkns

 

Fkefeidtn sumze (dcdrle) rniinge jn juifn jn infkn

Prejuftes qun yd aunreg dprehdjes jurdgtn ids prunhds qun sn kmfmnreg pdrd iinldr di sdher y fdimjdj jnsndjd.

:1

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

:.4.8 Fecpegngtns jni knidje Id fecpesmfmög jni knidje jnpngjn jn id inlmsidfmög dpimfdjd ng fdjd pdãs y jn id fidsn jn knidje qun sn qumnrd nidherdr, pnre ng tírcmges lngnrdins pejnces jnfmr qun 400lr jn knidje ges dpertdg.

Zdhid :.4 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Fecpesmfmög jni knidje Fecpesmfmög Dlud Lrdsds Pretnãgds

>0--4>0cl/400lr 40-80cl/400lr 0.0>-8cl/400lr >0-4;0cl/400lr 10-4cl/400lr

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög feg hdsn d nstägjdrns jn fecpesmfmög jn knidje

Zdhid :.8 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Fecpesmfmög jni knidje Qmtdcmgds D 0.08-0.46cl/400lr H4 0.08-0.0 Qdier gutrmtmve Ies knidjes, per snr ugd cnzfid jn jmvnrses dimcngtes jn ditd fdimjdj (infkn, frncd jn infkn, infkn nvdperdjd, arutds, ntf.), seg fegsmjnrdjes fece ugd mcpertdgtn aungtn jn2 Pretnãgds jn dite vdier hmeiölmfe2   Nstds pretnãgds fegtmngng tejes ies dcmgeäfmjes nsngfmdins pdrd id vmjd. Qmtdcmgds jn tejes ies tmpes2 Ies knidjes tmngng tdgte vmtdcmgds seiuhins ng lrdsd fece ng dlud? jnhmje d qun su fecpesmfmög, ngtrdg tdgte fece lrdsds (frncd jn infkn, infkn ngtnrd), zuces jn arutds gdturdins. Ngnrlãd fdiörmfd pdrd ni jnsdrreiie jn id vmjd. Veg rmfes ng dzòfdrns jmvnrses (sdfdresd, liufesd, ntf.). Vdins cmgnrdins jmvnrses (fdifme, sefme, petdsme, cdlgnsme, ntf.). Ies knidjes, per su rmqunzd ng infkn, zuces, arutes snfes, ntf., dpertdg ug mcpertdgtn fegtngmje jn sdins d id dimcngtdfmög kucdgd, mgjmspngsdhins pdrd id vmjd.

:.8 Jnsfrmpfmög jn ies mglrnjmngtns häsmfes jni knidje Vn punjn fidsmamfdr ies mglrnjmngtns utmimzdjes ng jes lrdgjns lrupes2 :;

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

:.8.4 Mglrnjmngtns y cdtnrmds prmcds Pdrd id nidherdfmög jn knidjes fece cdtnrmds prmcds n mglrnjmngtns tngnces2              

 

Infkn ngtnrd Infkn jnsfrncdjd ng peive Frncd jn infkn Infkn nvdperdjd Dlud (pdrd id nidherdfmög jn knidjes jn dlud) Arutd (arutmiid, cdrdfuyä, cerd, fefe, imcög) Dzòfdr Liufesd iãqumjd

               

Ncuismegdgtn Nstdhmimzdgtn Äfmje dsförhmfe Ldiintd jn erne Fdfde Njuijmnt Äfmje fãtrmfe Dlud (pK 1.> ‖  1.> ‖  ;.>  ;.> )

:.8.8 Mgsuces y ncpdqun Ies mgsuces gnfnsdrmes pdrd ni prefnse seg2 Fiere dftmve2 ni fiere dftmve sn ncpind ng id purmamfdfmög e jnsmganffmög jni dlud, sn  punjn dpimfdr pdrd id jnsdftmvdfmög jn id dftmvmjdj jn id lrdg cdyerãd jn ies cmfreerldgmsces. Kmpefiermte jn fdifme2 fecògcngtn fegefmje fece fdi fierdjd, sn utmimzd tdchmíg fece dlngtn hidgqundjer, su prmgfmpdi dpimfdfmög ns ng ni trdtdcmngte jn dluds, su augfmög ns id jn nimcmgdr hdftnrmds, dilds, kegles, ceke y cmfreerldgmsces qun vmvng ng ni dlud. Dlud hidgjd2 Pesnn ng jmseiufmög pefes megns jn fdifme e cdlgnsme, smngje djnfudjd  pdrd id hnhmjd y uses mgjustrmdins.

:=

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

:.6 Jnsfrmpfmög jni prefnse jn prejuffmög Id jnsfrmpfmög jni prefnse jn prejuffmög sn cngfmegd fece sn rndimzö ng ids prunhds  pmiete jegjn sn ehtuvmnreg rnfntds pdrd pestnrmercngtn nstdgjdrmzdries, qun jme fece rnsuitdje jmstmgtes sdherns jn knidjes.

:.6.4 Xnfnpfmög jn id arutd Vn rnfmhn id arutd ng ni ärnd jn prefnse y sn rndimzd id epnrdfmög jn pnsdje pdrd id jntnrcmgdfmög jn rngjmcmngtes jni prefnse. :.6.8 Mgspnffmög

Vn jnpesmtd id arutd sehrn ugd cnsd cmngtrds ns mgspnffmegdjd per ies epnrdrmes, nimcmgägjesn id qun nstd cdielrdjd, kdstd id snffmög jn idvdje.

:.6.6 Idvdje Jnhmje d qun id arutd ge sn secntn d gmglòg trdtdcmngte tírcmfe, sn jnhn tngnr nspnfmdi fumjdje pdrd nvmtdr pnimlres jn tmpe hmeiölmfe, per ie qun ng nstd ntdpd sn idvd y jnsmganftd id arutd pdrd nimcmgdr id sufmnjdj prevngmngtn jni fdcpe y cmgmcmzdr id fdrld cmfrehmdgd prnsngtn ng id arutd, sn sucnrln ng dlud feg seiufmög jn fiere dftmve pdrd snr idvdjd y ngbudldjd. ^sdgje fiere ng ugd rnidfmög jn 400ci per fdjd 40 imtres.

:.6.: Dicdfngdcmngte Pestnrmercngtn sn dicdfngd id arutd, snpdrdgje pdrd su use cnjmdgtn ni cíteje PNPV (prmcnre ng ngtrdr prmcnre ng sdimr).

:.6.> Xnfnpfmög y dicdfngdje jn ids cdtnrmds prmcds n mglrnjmngtns Ids cdtnrmds prmcds (infkn, dzòfdr, etres), djmtmves (nstdhmimzdgtns, sdhermzdgtns, ntf.) n mgsuces (ngvdsns, nchdidbns, ntf.) seg trdgspertdjes d ids mgstdidfmegns, ni dicdfngdcmngte jnhn rndimzdrsn ng fegjmfmegns djnfudjds jn tncpnrdturd y kucnjdj snlòg ies rnqunrmcmngtes jni prejufte, erjngdje per anfkd jn vngfmcmngte dpimfdgje ni

 prmgfmpme jn "ie qun prmcnre ngtrd, prmcnre sdin", pdrd ge tngnr pírjmjds pestnrmerns. pestnrmerns . 

Ies mglrnjmngtns snfes sn dicdfngdg ng iuldrns arnsfes y snfes, pdrd qun ge  prnsngtng fdchmes ng sus prepmnjdjns pr epmnjdjns y dsnlurng jn nstd aercd aerc d id fdimjdj jni prejufte. >0

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

:.6.1 Pnsdje jn cdtnrmds prmcds n mglrnjmngtns Vn pnsd ids cdtnrmds prmcds y ies mglrnjmngtns jn dfunrje di sdher jn knidje qun sn vd d prejufmr, smlumngje id erjng jn prejuffmög. Nstn prefnse jnhn snr prnfmse y rmlurese  pdrd ge tngnr nrrerns jurdgtn id prejuffmög y ehtngnr prejuftes jn öptmcd fdimjdj. Ies mglrnjmngtns feg cnger perfngtdbn fece ni nstdhmimzdgtn, ncuismegdgtn y etres jnhng snr  pnsdjes fumjdjesdcngtn ng id hdidgzd jn j n prnfmsmög.

:.6.< Cnzfid jn mglrnjmngtns Vn cnzfidg ie mglrnjmngtns iãqumjes y ies mglrnjmngtns snfes, per snpdrdje. Vn in

trdsidjd d id imfudjerd jn dfnre mgexmjdhin jn ditd retdfmög y sn vdg mgtrejufmngje ies mglrnjmngtns, nstn prefnse jurd jn 6 d > cmgutes pdrd fegsnlumr ugd cnzfid kecelígnd y tngnr ugd fdgtmjdj jn dmrn jni 40%.

:.6.; Pdstnurmzdfmög Ni prefnse jn pdstnurmzdfmög fegsmstn ng fdingtdr id cnzfid kdstd 1>²F per 60 cmgutes y pdsd d ngarmdcmngte hrusfe kdstd :²F, jn nstd cdgnrd pdrd nimcmgdr ies erldgmsces gefmves qun sn ngfungtrdg ng id infkn y jncäs mglrnjmngtns. Id pdstnurmzdfmög ge seie ldrdgtmzd ug knidje sdiujdhin, tdchmíg ducngtd id fdpdfmjdj jn id cnzfid feg dmrn y feg nstdhmimzdgtns, tergdgje ni knidje cufke cäs sudvn y jurdjnre.

:.6.= Cdjurdfmög Fegsmstn ng ni rnpese jn id cnzfid jn knidje jurdgtn 8 kerds. Vn jnhn rndimzdr ugd dlmtdfmög ingtd ng mgtnrvdies jn tmncpes, pdrd qun ge sn prnfmpmtng ies eimjes qun nstäg ng suspngsmög

:.6.40 Feglnidje Id cnzfid jn knidje sn iinvd d ies Ceijns Cmfk pdrd su pestnrmer feglnidfmög e ngjurnfmcmngte d hdbd tncpnrdturd, id cäqumgd Zurhe; nstä prnpdrdjd prnvmdcngtn d 8>°F feg ugd seiufmög jn limfei :0% y dlud 10% pdrd qun ni feglnidcmngte snd dfninrdje y ehtngldces ni prejufte ng cnger tmncpe. >4

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

:.6.44 Jnsceijdje Jnspuís jni feglnidje sn prefnjn d jnsceijdr ies prejuftes feg ni nxtrdfter qun iinvd fdjd Ceijn Cmfk ng id cäqumgd Jnsngaercdjerd feg hdôe cdrãd pdrd pdintds jurdgtn 4 d 6 snlugjes pdrd pestnrmercngtn snr ncpdquntdjes ng su ngveiturd.

:.6.48 Fegtrei jn fdimjdj Ni fegtrei jn fdimjdj ns pdrtn jni prefnse jn prejuffmög, sn fegtreid qun ni prejufte fucpid ies rnqunrmcmngtes? pnse, dgäimsms jn ies frmstdins per ehsnrvdfmög, fucpimcmngte jn ids fdrdftnrãstmfds aãsmfds.

:.6.46 Ncpdquntdje Vn mgtrejufn fdjd prejufte ng su ngveiturd pdrd qun ge punjd dhserhnr eierns y nvmtdr teje tmpe jn fegtdcmgdfmög fruzdjd.

:.6.4: Dicdfngdcmngte Jnspuís jn ncpdquntdrie sn dicdfngd ng ies Arãznr d -4;°F/-8>°F, rndimzdgje ni fegtrei snlòg id Erjng jn Prejuffmög.

:.: Jmdlrdcd jn prefnse jn prejuffmög Ni jmdlrdcd jn prefnse jn prejuffmög mgjmfd tejd id adsn pdrd id prejuffmög jn ies knidjes, jegjn sn vng ies prefnjmcmngtes ng id nidherdfmög, sn cunstrdg d fegtmgudfmög2

>8

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Amlurd :.4 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Jmdlrdcd jn prefnse jn prejuffmög knidje jn arutd smg rniinge

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

>6

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Amlurd :.8 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Jmdlrdcd jn prefnse jn prejuffmög knidje jn arutd smg rniinge

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

>:

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Amlurd :.6 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Jmdlrdcd jn prefnse jn prejuffmög knidje feg ldiintd

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

>>

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Amlurd :.: Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Jmdlrdcd jn prefnse jn prejuffmög knidje feg ldiintd

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

>1

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Amlurd :.> Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Jmdlrdcd jn prefnse jn prejuffmög knidje jn arutd feg rniinge

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

><

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Amlurd :.1 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Jmdlrdcd jn prefnse jn prejuffmög knidje jn arutd feg rniinge

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

>;

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

:.> Cdqumgdrmd y nqumpe Id cdqumgdrmd y nqumpe gnfnsdrme pdrd id prejuffmög jn knidjes ng pdintd sn jnsfrmhn d fegtmgudfmög, tejd id cäqumgd qun sn jnsfrmhn augfmegdrd feg ngnrlãd cegeaäsmfd jecístmfd (rnsmjngfmdi) e fecnrfmdi.

Zurhe ;2 Nqumpe sncmdutecätmfe pdrd id adhrmfdfmög jn pdintds d hdsn jn dlud e d hdsn jn infkn.

Fudjre Jmsnôe jn:.4ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Cäqumgd Zurhe ; Jntdiins tífgmfes

Fegsuce jn ninftrmfmjdj Mgstdidfmög Niíftrmfd Jmcngsmegns Fdbög jn jmcngsmegns Nqumpe Jmcngsmegns Pnse Pnse hrute feg nchdidbn Pnse gnte Prejuffmög Fdpdfmjdj jn Prejuffmög Fegjngsdfmög Cdrfd

8 o\/k 880Q, Cegeaäsmfd e Hmaäsmfd, >0/10 Kz. Dgfkurd3;40cc, Diturd341 tmngn su kíimfn pdtngtdjd, jnbd ids cnzfids iäftnds kecelígnds y feg ugd lrdg fdpdfmjdj jn mgferperdfmög jn dmrn, kdfmngje qun ni knidje jn pdintd qunjn cäs sudvn y cufke cäs rngtdhin. Mgferperd jn 40% d 80% jn dmrn ng id cnzfid, jdgje ug >=

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

cdyer rngjmcmngte ng id prejuffmög.  Jnhmje d tejds nsds fdrdftnrãstmfds sn ldrdgtmzd id fdimjdj supnrmer, ge seie sehrn ni dspnfte vmsudi tdchmíg ng id tnxturd, ng ni sdher, ng ni feier, ng id dmrndfmög, ng ni tmncpe jn fegsnrvdfmög, ng id rnsmstngfmd pdrd jnrrntmrsn y etrds fdrdftnrãstmfds aäfmicngtn vmstds per ies fegsucmjerns cäs nxmlngtns jn knidjes. Ns ug dpdrdte aäfmi jn epnrdr, mgstdidr y trdgspertdr.

Fudjre :.8 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Imfudjerd Cmxnr 4>   Jntdiins tífgmfes 0,6 o\. Fegsuce jn ninftrmfmjdj

Mgstdidfmög Niíftrmfd Jmcngsmegns Fdbög jn jmcngsmegns

880Q, cegeaäsmfd, 10Kz.

Nqumpe

Idrle3:=0cc, Dgfke38>0cc, Diturd3140cc. Idrle3:10cc,

Jmcngsmegns

Dgfke3880cc, Diturd3140cc.

Pnse Pnse hrute feg nchdidbn Pnse gnte Prejuffmög   Prejuffmög Cdrfd

80 Ol.

4; Ol. > imtres/hdtmje Amgdcdf  Aungtn2 Fetmzdfmög Amgdcdf, 804;  

Jnsnraercdjerd feg hdôe cdrãd2 ^tmimzdje pdrd hdôdr räpmjdcngtn ids aercds jn ies knidjes jn pdintd ng dlud fdimngtn pdrd adfmimtdr su nxtrdffmög jnspuís jn snr feglnidjes. ^tmimzdje tdchmíg pdrd jnrrntmr fkefeidtn d hdôe cdrãd y sucnrlmr ng ni ids  pdintds jn knidje jn tmpe somce (rnfuhmnrtes feg fkefeidtn). Vn trdtd jn ug nqumpe fuye fdingtdcmngte ns knfke per ugd rnsmstngfmd niíftrmfd. Fecpunste per jes tdgquns, feg 80 imtres jn fdpdfmjdj fdpd fmjdj fdjd uge, ug e, ug jnsngaercdjer pdrd nxtrdnr ids pdintds jn knidje feg 81 fdvmjdjns y ug tnrcestdte qun  pnrcmtn fegtreidr id tncpnrdturd jni dlud jn jnsceijn. jnsce ijn. 10

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Fudjre :.6 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Jnsngaercdjerd Jntdiins tífgmfes 6,0 o\ Fegsuce jn ninftrmfmjdj Jmcngsmegns  Idrle30,10c, Fdbög jn Dgfkurd30,18c, jmcngsmegns Diturd30,=4c. Nqumpe Jmcngsmegns

Idrle30,>0c, Dgfkurd30,>;c,

Fuhd jn dfnre mgexmjdhin Qeiucng jn dlud Pnse hrute feg nchdidbn Pnse gnte Prejuffmög Fdpdfmjdj jn jnsceijn Cdrfd

Diturd 0,=:c. 4> ol ;0 imtres 6> ol 4:,> ol 6000  pdintds/kerd Amgdcdf

Aungtn2 Fetmzdfmög Amgdcdf, 804;

Fudjre :.: Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Feglnidjer Jntdiins tífgmfes 0.4> o\/k Fegsuce jn ninftrmfmjdj 880 Q, Cegeaäsmfd Mgstdidfmög e Hmaäsmfd Niíftrmfd Dgfkurd30/10 Kz. Jmcngsmegns 

Nqumpe Jmcngsmegns Pnse hrute feg nchdidbn Pnse gnte Fdpdfmjdj jn dicdfngdbn Fegjngsdfmög Cdrfd

Dgfkurd3=0;cc Diturd340 Peimfdrhegdte gnlre Fdrfdsd MP1< Pretnffmög Hrmx Xdgle jn infturd Nsfdid jn id jmvmsmög Ãgjmfn jn rnardffmög Fdimhrdfmög Prnfmsmög

0 - >0 Hrmx. 0.8>. 4.6660 - :804 4.:800. Dutecätmfd 0.04 lr

Aungtn2 Fetmzdfmög FECZNF, 804;

1:

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Dimgndjer jn pdimtes2 Fngtrdimzd y erjngd ies pdimtes d id diturd nxdftd pdrd  pestnrmercngtn snr rncevmjes per ni nxtrdfter jn pdimtes.

Fudjre :.40 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Dimgndjer jn pdimtes Jntdiins tífgmfes Diucmgme Cdtnrmdi 0.;ol Pnse :8 fc. Idrle Dgfke Dite

60 fc. 4:fc

Fdpdfmjdj Cdrfd

>8 ermamfmes Dtdaercd

Aungtn2 Fetmzdfmög Dtdaercd, 804;

Znrcöcntre jmlmtdi2 Ni mgstrucngte sn usd pdrd fegtrei jn fdimjdj. Fudjre :.44 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Znrcöcntre jmlmtdi Jntdiins tífgmfes Amsknrhrdgj Cdrfd Fdrfdsd Pnse Infturd Xdgle jn cnjmfmög Vegjd Idrle Xdgle judi

Zuhe dfnre mgexmjdhin 0.;ol Pdgtdiid IFJ 1.:cc ->0° d +600°F 6 cc jn jmäcntre 80 fc. Cncermd jn cäx y cãg 

Aungtn2 Fetmzdfmög FECZNF, 804;

Pdstnurmzdjer2 Ni pdstnurmzdjer y cdjurdjer ng ug ògmfe nqumpe ges hrmgjd id rnjuffmög jni feste jn su prejufte di trdhdbdr feg fdijd pdstnurmzdjd y ngarmdjd ni tmncpe jn prejuffmög ns ni fegsuce jn ngnrlãd jn su prejufterd jn knidjes jn pdintds. Jnhmje di smstncd jn fdingtdcmngte per rnlngnrdfmög jn fdier usdje ng nstd  pdstnurmzdjerd, ni fegsuce jn ngnrlãd ns hdbe.  Ducngtd ni rngjmcmngte jn id fdijd,  preperfmegdgje cdyer mgferperdfmög jn dmrn ng ids prejufterds y cdyer vmjd òtmi jn dicdfngdcmngte jni knidje e ies knidjes jn pdintds.  

1>

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Fdimjdj jni prejufte2 Kíimfn jn lrdgjn supnramfmn fertdgtn y dite turhmikegdcmngte,  preperfmegd cdyer frncesmjdj di knidje y cdyer fegsmstngfmd ng ies knidjes jn pdintds.

Fudjre :.48 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Pdstnurmzdjer Jntdiins tífgmfes :,> o\. Fegsuce jn ninftrmfmjdj 880 Q, Cegeaäsmfd Mgstdidfmög Niíftrmfd Fdbög jn

Zrmaäsmfd, 10 Kz. Idrle34000cc,

Pnse hrute Pnse gnte Fdpdfmjdj jn Prejuffmög

Dgfkurd3100c, Diturd34400 cc. Idrle34800cc, Dgfkurd3>00c, Diturd 3 =>0 cc. 4>0 ol. 480 ol. 16 ol per fmfie. Fdpdfmjdj jni tdgqun2

Fegjngsdfmög Cdrfd

10 imtres. Dmrn Amgdcdf

jmcngsmegns Nqumpe Jmcngsmegns

Aungtn2 Fetmzdfmög Amgdcdf, 804;

Vniidjerd2 Ni sniidjer trdhdbd d fdier fegtmgue pdrd ielrdr ug sniidje qun dyujn d fegsnrvdr y dicdfngdr ies prejuftes.

Fudjre :.46 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Znrcöcntre jmlmtdi Jntdiins tífgmfes 0.60 O\/k Fegsuce jn ninftrmfmjdj 4.>ol Pnse :> fc. Idrle 60 fc. Dgfke 48 fc Dite 80 fc jn sniidje Fdpdfmjdj Xuxm Cdrfd Aungtn2 Fetmzdfmög Mcpertdjerd FDVHE, 804;

11

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

:.1 Fdpdfmjdj jn prejuffmög Id fdpdfmjdj jn prejuffmög jnhn snr nxfnjngtdrmd pnre mgmfmdicngtn nstä imcmtdjd, pnre sn eptmcmzdrd ng hdsn d id fdpdfmjdj jni funiie jn hetniid (prefnse jn feglnidje) Vn jntdiid ids fdpdfmjdjns jn prejuffmög per prefnse y ids fdpdfmjdjns, fenamfmngtns, tmncpes, pdrdjds, namfmngfmd nanftmvmjdj, utmimzdfmög, pnraercdgfn sn fdifuid pdrd ug turge jn prejuffmög (; kerds jmdrmes) dgudi di fecmngze jn ids epnrdfmegns.

Amlurd jn :. Fdpdfmjdj2 ; imtres/40 cmg

Pdstnurmzdfmög

Pdstnurmzdjer Fdpdfmjdj jni tdgqun2 10 imtres

Cdjurdfmög

Cdjurdjer Fdpdfmjdj jni tdgqun2 10 imtres

Cnzfidje feg arutd e ldiintd

Zurhe ; Fdpdfmjdj2 800 pdintds/kerd

Feglnidje

Jnsngaercdjerd Fdpdfmjdj2 6.000 pdintds/kerd

Jnsceijdje Fegtrei jn id fdimjdj

Vniidjerd Fdpdfmjdj2 Jnpngjn jni epnrdjer

Ncpdquntdje Dicdfngdcmngte Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

1<

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

:.1.4 Fdpdfmjdjns gecmgdins Pdrd id prejuffmög sn utmimzdrä ni >0 % jn su fdpdfmjdj mgstdidjd (:41ugmjdjns/jãd/turge). Id cäqumgd Zurhe ; rnprnsngtd id fdpdfmjdj prejuftmvd jn id prejuffmög, smngje ids jncäs cäqumgds jn cdyer fdpdfmjdj, per ie tdgte ni fäifuie sn hdsd ng ni prefnse jn feglnidje.

:4 >8  ℇ   ∜ 814    ∜ 0.> 3 >8 ℇ  

Ies smlumngtns jdtes seg nstmcdjes fegsmjnrdgje ugd prejuffmög jn :41 ugmjdjns per jãd qun nqumvdin dprexmcdjdcngtn d 4.660,6< ol/cns.

>8   ∜  486   ∜   4   ∜3 1,6=1    ℇ 4 ℇ 4  4000 :.1.8 Fenamfmngtns tífgmfes Ng prmgfmpme jntnrcmgdces ies tmncpes tetdins jn prejuffmög pdrd sdhnr id namfmngfmd, nanftmvmjdj, utmimzdfmög y pnraercdgfn.

:.1.6 Zmncpe tetdi Ni cdgtngmcmngte jn ids cäqumgds n mgvngtdrmdje sn rndimzdrä ugd vnz di cns y jurdrä 4 jãd, tmncpe ng ni fudi ge nxmstn prejuffmög, ns per nse qun sn fegsmjnrdrdg 8> jãds jn  prejuffmög, jdje qun id ncprnsd ge tngjrä ugd prejuffmög p rejuffmög fegtmgud y qun prejufmrä p rejufmrä jn dfunrje d id jncdgjd jni cnrfdje.

;ℇ      3 8> ã ∜     3 800 ℇ  :.1.: Zmncpe pidgmamfdje jn utmimzdfmög

 ö  ö 3   3 800 ℇ    ö  ö 3 800 ℇ  1;

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

:.1.> Zmncpe tnörmfe jn prejuffmög

 ö   ö 3       ö 3 40.:00 40: ℇ  ö 3 400 ℇ  :.1.1 Pdrdjds pidgndjds y ge pidgndjds

Vm hmng ge sn prejufn dòg sn fegsmjnrd ies smlumngtns tmncpes fece pdrdjds  pidgndjds y ge pidgndjds jurdgtn id prejuffmög, nstes tmncpes snräg utmimzdjes ng cdgtngmcmngte jn ids cdqumgdrmds, mgvngtdrmes y etres adfterns qun ge sn punjng fegtreidr. Pdrdjds pidgndjds 3 ; kerds Pdrdjds ge pidgndjds nxtnrgds 3 6 kerds Pdrdjds ge pidgndjds mgtnrgds 3 6 kerds Pdrdjds ge pidgndjds 3 1 kerds

:.1.< Namfmngfmd

 ö  3  ö ö + +      400 ℇ  3 0.=:6:  4000 ℇ ++11 ℇ 40  

 3 =:.6: %  ö ö + +      3  ö +   +    4000 ℇ ++11 ℇ 3 0.=8=;  40     3 40 4000 ℇ + 1 ℇ + ; ℇ  3 =8.=;%  :.1.; Nanftmvmjdj

1=

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

:.1.= ^tmimzdfmög

  +    ö 3  ö +   4000 ℇ + 1 ℇ + ;  ℇ 3 0.>< %  :.1.40 Pnraercdgfn

 ö

 3  ö ö +       400 ℇ  3 0.=, :. ∜ : + 0.4= + :,>,> _ℇ    ö öS∜800_ S∜800_    S ö ö   ℇ S∜800_ℇ   40,11_ℇ       S   ö ö 3 8.468_ ℇ  S  Fegsmjnrdgje id tdrmad dftudi qun ns jn 0.1=% Fdpdfmjdj jn prejuffmög

1>0, jn id Iny G°4666, 86 jn cdrze jn 4==8, Iny jni Cnjme Dchmngtn, snôdid id mjngtmamfdfmög jni gmvni jn fdtnlermzdfmög jn nvdiudfmög jn mcpdfte dchmngtdi jn dfunrje d ies gmvnins snôdidjes. ’DXZÃF^IE 8>.- Zejds ids ehrds, dftmvmjdjns pòhimfds e prmvdjds, feg fdräftnr  prnvme d su adsn jn mgvnrsmög, jnhng fegtdr ehimldtermdcngtn feg id mjngtmamfdfmög jn id fdtnlerãd jn nvdiudfmög jn mcpdfte dchmngtdi qun jnhnrä snr rndimzdjd jn dfunrje d ies smlumngtns gmvnins2 4.- Xnqumnrn jn NMD dgdiãtmfd mgtnlrdi. 8.- Xnqumnrn jn NMD dgdiãtmfd nspnfãamfd 6.- Ge rnqumnrn jn NMD dgdiãtmfd nspnfãamfd pnre punjn snr dfegsnbdhin su rnvmsmög fegfnptudi. :.- Ge rnqumnrn jn NMD– NMD –41  Jn dfunrje d ids imstds jn fdtnlermzdfmög jn ies snfterns jni ärnd cuitmsnfter 4:= rnsunivn qun ids DEP qun sn ngfungtrng jngtre jn nstd fdtnlerãd ge rnqumnrng jn NNMD gm prelrdcd jn prnvngfmög y cmtmldfmög  ‖   pidg jn dpimfdfmög y snlumcmngte dchmngtdi, jnhn iingdr ni aercuidrme jn gmvni jn fdtnlermzdfmög dchmngtdi,  pdrd amgns jn rnlmstre jn id DDF (Dutermjdj Dchmngtdi Fecpntngtn). Qnr Dgnxe Q.

:.41.4 Lnstmög dchmngtdi Id lnstmög dchmngtdi snräg nvdiudjes d snr mgmfmdjd id dftmvmjdj fece ie snôdid ni Xnlidcngte jn id Iny Iny G° 4666 jni cnjme dchmngtn Zmtuie MM Drtãfuie :, vnrmamfdgje id

vmdhmimjdj hdbe ies prmgfmpmes jni jnsdrreiie sestngmhin? per ni fudi sn dutermzdrä, jnsjn ni  pugte jn vmstd dchmngtdi id rndimzdfmög jni cmsce. Id JMD (Jnfidrdfmög jn Mcpdfte Dchmngtdi) ambdrä ids fegjmfmegns dchmngtdins qun jnhng fucpimrsn jurdgtn id adsn jn mcpincngtdfmög. Dsmcmsce, sn fegstmtumrä fegbugtdcngtn feg ni NNMD (Nstujme jn Nvdiudfmög jn Mcpdfte Dchmngtdi), y ng pdrtmfuidr feg ni Pidg jn Dpimfdfmög y 41 Iny

G°4666, Iny jni Cnjme Dchmngtn. D, JV G°6>:=.

4 jn Lnstmög Mgtnlrdi jn Xnsmjues. Pdrd prnvngmr id lngnrdfmög jn rnsmjues, ni dprevnfkdcmngte jn ies cmsces,  pidgmamfdgje n mgaercdgje jn id lnstmög. Id lnstmög jn rnsmjues iãqumjes y söimjes sn rndimzdrä jn id smlumngtn cdgnrd, smlumngje ni aiube jn prefnjmcmngtes.

Amlurd :.86 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Vnpdrdfmög jn rnsmjues Xnsmjues Dsmcmidhins d jecmfmimdrmes Pdpni, fdrtög, vmjrme,  piästmfes, rnstes jn dimcngtes.

Pnimlreses Iãqumjes Dfnmtns utmimzdjes (ng cdgtngmcmngte), diluges  prejuftes quãcmfes,

Vöimjes Ngvdsns qun fegtmngng  prejuftes pnimlreses pnimlreses (dfnmtns, quãcmfes, ntf.),

iãqumjes rnarmlnrdgtns, ntf.

trdpes fegtdcmgdjes,  pdpnins fegtdcmgdjes, ntf.

Xnutmimzdhins e Xnfmfidhins 

VM 

GE 

Xnfmfidje e rnutmimzdfmög  per Feepnrdtmvds e Ncprnsds jnjmfdjds d nstds

Jmspnrsmög d fdrle jn epnrdjerns kdhmimtdjes

dftmvmjdjns  piästmfes, fdrtög,(vmjrmes, jnveiufmög jnveiufmög d prevnnjerns jn ngvdsns) Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

=>

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

FDPMZ^IE Q2 EXLDGMRDFMÖG

>.4 Cdrfe inldi Id erldgmzdfmög jni cdrfe inldi jn id ncprnsd nstä rnprnsngtdjd per ugd pnrsegd  burãjmfd y fece tdi ns ugd ncprnsd ugmpnrsegdi, ugmpnrseg di, mgsfrmtd ng ni Xnlmstre jn Fecnrfme qun ns ni örldge jni Nstdje Piurmgdfmegdi qun eterld pnrsegdimjdj burãjmfd y fdimjdj jn subntes jn jnrnfke d ids sefmnjdjns fecnrfmdins. (Drt.466 Föjmle jn Fecnrfme), qun tmngn fece ehbnte nxtngjnr id Cdtrãfuid jn Fecnrfme d ies fecnrfmdgtns n mgsfrmhmr ies dftes, fegtrdtes y jefucngtes sehrn ies fudins id Iny nstdhinfn nstd aercdimjdj (Drt.8< Föjmle jn Fecnrfme).

Imfngfmd jn augfmegdcmngte Ns id dutermzdfmög eterldjd per ni Lehmnrge Dutögece Jnpdrtdcngtdi jn Id Pdz pdrd ni mgmfme jn dftmvmjdjns nfegöcmfds, ng ni cdrfe jn ie jmspunste per ni fegbugte jn gercds burãjmfds y djcmgmstrdtmvds per id Iny G° 8:=8 qun rnluidg nspnfãamfdcngtn id dpnrturd y ni augfmegdcmngte jn dftmvmjdjns mgjustrmdins. Pdrd su ehtngfmög sn jnhn fucpimr ugd snrmn jn rnqumsmtes, ngtrn niies nxmstng dquniies qun rnqumnrng ug prefnse jn trdcmtdfmög prnvme, nstes seg2 d) Xnlmstre Dchmngtdi Mgjustrmdi (XDM) Pdrd ni iingdje jni aercuidrme jni XDM ns gnfnsdrme rndimzdr id fidsmamfdfmög per dftmvmjdj nfegöcmfd. Feg ni föjmle jn fidsmamfdfmög jnamgmje pdrd gunstrd ncprnsd, kdfnces use jni Dgnxe M jni Xnlidcngte Dchmngtdi pdrd ni Vnfter Mgjustrmdi

Cdguadfturnre (XDVMC), dsmlgägjein id fdtnlerãd :, ns jnfmr ni lrdje jn fegtdcmgdfmög ns cãgmce e guie. Feg nstd mgaercdfmög sn prefnjn d fecpintdr aercuidrme XDM XDM,, y feg niie djqumrmr id Fdtnlermzdfmög amgdi y ni Xnlmstre Dchmngtdi Mgjustrmdi.  h) Xnlmstre VNGDVDL Pdrd ehtngnr ni Xnlmstre Vdgmtdrme jn ncprnsds prefnsdjerds jni ruhre dimcngtmfme ns gnfnsdrme, seimfmtdr id dprehdfmög jn ntmquntds jn gunstres prejuftes per ni VNGDVDL. =1

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

>.8 Erldgmzdfmög jn id ncprnsd Id djcmgmstrdfmög jn rnfurses kucdges tmngn fece ehbntmve dyujdr d ids pnrsegds y d ids erldgmzdfmegns d difdgzdr sus ehbntmves. Di cmsce tmncpe ngarngtd gucnreses jnsdaães, qun sn jnrmvdg jn ids jncdgjds y gnfnsmjdjns jn ies ncpindjes, jn ugd erldgmzdfmög y jni fegtnxte sefmdi. Zdgte ng ie gdfmegdi fece ng ie mgtnrgdfmegdi, ni dftudi fegtnxte ns jmgäcmfe jnhmje d id frnfmngtn jmvnrsmjdj jn id aunrzd jn trdhdbe y d id liehdimzdfmög jn id nfegecãd. Ies jnsdaães jnrmvdg tdchmíg jn ugd snrmn jn fdchmes ng ni cdrfe inldi jn id cdyer pdrtn jn ies pdãsns. Ni rnfurse kucdge jn ugd erldgmzdfmög ns su gnrvme vmtdi. ^gd ncprnsd punjn tngnr id cnber pidgtd y ni nqumpe cäs cejnrge, nste ge ns suamfmngtn pdrd fegtmgudr y tngnr íxmte. Veidcngtn ids pnrsegds seg fdpdfns jn mcpuisdr e jnstrumr ugd erldgmzdfmög, per tdgte, su smlgmamfdfmög ns mgvdiudhin. Pdrd ugd nstrufturd jn id ncprnsd ng id iãgnd jn prejuffmög jn knidjes sn jntnrcmgö ni smlumngtn erldgmlrdcd augfmegdi qun pnrcmtmrä dlrupdr ids dftmvmjdjns jn jnsncpnôe  pdrd qun snd rndimzdje jn cdgnrd nspnfãamfd hdbe id suherjmgdfmög jn ugd ug d dutermjdj.

Amlurd >.4 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Erldgmlrdcd Lnrngtn Lngnrdi Ngfdrldje jn Cdrontmgl y Qngtds

Ngfdrldje jn Prejuffmög Epnrdjerns

Ngfdrldje jn Djcmgmstrdfmög y Amgdgzds

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

>.6 Nvdiudfmög jn punstes Id nvdiudfmög jn punstes mgtngtd jntnrcmgdr id pesmfmög rnidtmvd jn fdjd punste feg ies jncäs, ids jmanrngfmds smlgmamfdtmvds ngtrn ies jmvnrses punstes sn feiefdg ng ugd  hdsn fecpdrdtmvd feg ni aamg mg jn pnrcmtmr ugd jmstrmhufmög nqumtdtmvd jn ies sdidrmes jngtre jn id erldgmzdfmög jn id ncprnsd, pdrd gnutrdimzdr fudiqumnr drhmtrdrmnjdj n mgbustmfmd. =<

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Zdhid >.4 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Pegjnrdfmög per pugtes 4 8 FDPDFMJDJ 60 10 ; 41 d)Mgstruffmög lngnrdi  Fegefmcmngtes qun dpimfd ni punste > 40 h)Nxpnrmngfmd Prnvme ng augfmegns smcmidrns di punste : ; f)Mgmfmdtmvd n mglngme 1 48 j)Frmtnrme < 4: n)Djdptdhmimjdj di fdrle Zmncpe jn djdptdfmög 6 1 Zdrnds smcmidrns : ; NVA^NXRE d)Nsaunrze aãsmfe Fecpinxmög aãsmfd Cdgnbe jn vnkãfuie Fegjmfmegns pnrsegdins h)Nxmlngfmd cngtdi e vmsudi Fegfngtrdfmög Nsaunrze vmsudi XNVPEGVDHMIMJDJ d)Xnspegsdhmimjdj ng hmngns Ng nqumpe Ng jmgnre h)Xnspegsdhmimjdj ng tdrnds e prefnses f)Xnspegsdhmimjdj ng trdhdbe jn etres j)Xnspegsdhmimjdj jn jmsfrnfmög n)Xnspegsdhmimjdj ng fegtdfte feg ni pòhimfe FEGJMFMEGNV JN ZXDHDBE

80 40 : : 8 40 1 : 6> 40 > > ; < 1 : 4>

:0 80 ; ; : 80 48 ; 1 < =0 480 46= 4:< 4>> 8: 68 :0 :; >1 4> 80

8> 8>

8>

48 4; 84 = 48

41 41 41 41 8: 60 60 60 8; 8; 8; 8; 48 48 48 48 41 41 41 41

10 60 48 48 1 60 4; 48 == 60 4> 4> 8: 84 48 48 :>

<

0 8> 8> 68 8; 48 41 1>

> 60 8> 68 8; 48 41 1>

> 60 8> 68 8; 48 41 1>

< 6 : ;

d)Dchmngtn y pesmfmög Dchmngtn Pesmfmög h)Xmnsles y nganrcnjdjns Xmnsles Nganrcnjdjns

4: 84 8> 8> 8> 8> 1 = = = = = ; 48 41 41 41 41 41 8: 68 :0 :0 :0

48 41 41 80 80 80 80 80 80 :: ;; 48 400 800 8=: 6 :41 :8= :6<

ZEZDI

Aungtn2 Eswdije Znräg, 800.6.4 Adfterns jn nvdiudfmög jn punstes Id mjngtmamfdfmög jn ies adfterns nstä jmrnftdcngtn rnidfmegdjd feg ies tmpes jn  punstes jn trdhdbe qun vdg d nvdiudrsn. nvdiudr sn.

>.6.4.4 Fdpdfmjdj Veg ids nxmlngfmds jn ies punstes ng fudgte d ids fdrdftnrãstmfds mgtninftudins jn ies efupdgtns.

d) Mgstruffmög Lngnrdi. Zeje ni jnsdrreiie jni efupdgtn jni punste, tecdje ng fungtd jnsjn su mgmfme ng ni ärnd dfdjícmfd.

Fegefmcmngtes qun dpimfd di punste LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 LXDJE : LXDJE > LXDJE 1 LXDJE <

Fegefmcmngtes djmfmegdins gnfnsdrmes  Gnfnsmtd sdhnr innr y nsfrmhmr. Zngnr tãtuie jn hdfkmiinr. Vnr tífgmfe cnjme, fegefmcmngtes jn pdquntns jn fecputdfmög. Vnr tífgmfe supnrmer. Vnr nlrnsdje, fegefmcmngte jn mgliís. Zngnr lrdje jn Imfngfmdturd. Zngnr lrdje jn Cdnstrãd.

; 41 8: 68 :0 :; >1

h) Nxpnrmngfmd  Pnrmeje qun ni efupdgtn jni punste sn jnsngvunivn aunrd jn id ncprnsd.

Prnvmd ng augfmegns smcmidrns

Nxpnrmngfmd gnfnsdrmd djqumrmjd dgtns jn ncpnzdr ng id ncprnsd 

LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 LXDJE :

Nxpnrmngfmd cnges jn 4 dôe. Nxpnrmngfmd ngtrn 4 d 6 dôes. Nxpnrmngfmd ngtrn 6 d 1 dôes. Nxpnrmngfmd jn 1 d = dôes.

> 40 4> 80

LXDJE >

Nxpnrmngfmd supnrmer d = dôes.

8>

f) Mgmfmdtmvd n Mglngme Fudimjdjns jn fdjd ncpindje pdrd jnsdrreiidrsn ng su punste y dsã tecdr jnfmsmegns mgjmrnftds qun ge danftdg d id ncprnsd. ==

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8

Ge sn gnfnsmtd mgmfmdtmvd n mglngme. Gnfnsmtd mgmfmdtmvd.

: ;

LXDJE 6 LXDJE :

Gnfnsmtd mglngme. Gnfnsmtd mgmfmdtmvd n mglngme.

48 41

j) Frmtnrme Dgdimzdr sm ni trdhdbe qun rndimzd gnfnsmtd jn fmnrtds cejmamfdfmegns nxtrds d ie nstdhinfmje ng fudgte d tecd jn jnfmsmegns. LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 LXDJE : LXDJE >

Vu trdhdbe nxmln söie fucpimr örjngns rnfmhmjds. Vu punste rnqumnrn tecdr jnfmsmegns jn fdräftnr epnrdtmve qun danftng d trdhdbdjerns jn su cmsce lrdje, Vu punste rnqumnrn tecdr jnfmsmegns jn, qun danftng d jes e cäs ugmjdjns d su fdrle. Vu punste rnqumnrn tecdr jnfmsmegns jn fdräftnr nstrdtílmfe qun danftn d ugd jmvmsmög jn id ncprnsd. Vu punste rnqumnrn tecdr jnfmsmegns jn fdräftnr peiãtmfe, qun danftng d id liehdimjdj jn id ncprnsd

1 48 4; 8: 60

n) Djdptdhmimjdj di fdrle Pnrmeje ng ni qun ni trdhdbdjer sn kdhmtòd d su punste jn trdhdbe jngtre jn id ncprnsd.

Zmncpe jn djdptdfmög LXDJE LXDJE 48 LXDJE 6 LXDJE : Zdrnds smcmidrns LXDJE 4

Zmncpe jn djdptdfmög di fdrle di trdhdbe 60jãds. d 10 jãds. 4> < jãds. 4 jãd.

61 = 48

Nxmstngfmd jn punstes qun rndimzdg tdrnds smcmidrns Nxmstng cäs jn 40 punstes.

:

LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 LXDJE : LXDJE 8

Nxmstng cäs jn 40 punstes. Nxmstng jn 8 d 40 punstes. Nxmstn ug punste. Gmgluge. 4> jãds.

: ; 48 41 1

>.6.4.8 Nsaunrze Vn rnamnrn di nsaunrze qun rndimzd ni trdhdbdjer ng ni rnspnftmve punste. 400

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

d) Xnqumsmtes aãsmfes Fecpinxmög aãsmfd LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 LXDJE : Cdgnbe jn vnkãfuies LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 LXDJE >: LXDJE Fegjmfmegns pnrsegdins LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 LXDJE :

Vn rnamnrn d ids fegjmfmegns aãsmfds qun nxmln su punste Fdrldr. Bdidr y ncpubdr. Vubntdr. Gmgluge.

: ; 48 41

Vn rnamnrn di cdgnbe jn vnkãfuie Qdrmds vnfns di jãd. Fdjd jãd. ^gd vnz per sncdgd.

: ; 48

^gd vnz per cns. 41 Ge. 80 Vn rnamnrn d ids fdrdftnrãstmfds jni trdhdbdjer rnqumnrn pdrd ni punste Njdj. 8 Vnxe. : Hungd prnsngfmd. 1 Jeg jn cdgje. ;

h) Nxmlngfmd cngtdi y/e vmsudi Fegfngtrdfmög LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 Nsaunrze

Vn rnamnrn d fudgtd fegfngtrdfmög rnqumnrn ni punste per pdrtn jni trdhdbdjer ^gd hdbd dtngfmög. 1 ^gd dtngfmög fegfngtrdjd cnjmd. 48 ^gd dtngfmög ditd n mgtngsd. 4; Vn rnamnrn d qun lrdje jn nsaunrze sn secntn ni trdhdbdjer ng

Qmsudi LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6

ni punste Nsaunrze vmsudi gercdi, fetmjmdge. Nsaunrze vmsudi smcmidr d infturd, nsfrmturd. Nstdr sngtdje arngtn d ugd fecputdjerd.

: ; 48

>.6.4.6 Xnspegsdhmimjdj Vn rnamnrn d id rnspegsdhmimjdj jn fdjd trdhdbdjer feg fdjd ies hmngns, tdrnds,  prefnses, ntf. qun seg dsmlgdjes d su pnrsegd d gechrn jn id ncprnsd. 404

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

d)  Xnspegsdhmimjdj ng hmngns. Vn ngtmngjn fece ni cdgnbe jn ies hmngns jn id ncprnsd.

Ng Nqumpe LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 LXDJE : LXDJE > LXDJE 1

Ng Jmgnre LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 LXDJE : LXDJE >

Xnspegjnr per tejes ies hmngns (cunhins, cdqumgdrmd, ntf.) fegamdjes di trdhdbdjer.  Cdtnrmdins jn eamfmgd. > Cunhins. 40 Mgstrucngtes ninftrögmfes. 4> Cnrfdjnrãd. 80 Qnkãfuies. 8> Drfkmves. 60 Xnspegjnr per ni cdgnbe jn jmgnre fegamdje di trdhdbdjer per pdrtn jn id nc ncprnsd. prnsd. (per cns)  Gdjd 0 d 40000 Heimvmdges. Jn 40004 d 400000 Heimvmdges. Jn 400004 d >00000 Heimvmdges. Jn cäs jn >00004 Heimvmdges.

> 40 4> 80 8>

h) Xnspegsdhmimjdj ng tdrnds y/e prefnses. Zecdgje ng fungtd id fdpdfmjdj jn rndimzdr y nanftudr e ge jmanrngtns gmvnins jn augfmegns y jnfmsmegns jn trdsfngjngfmd  pdrd id ncprnsd. LXDJE 84 LXDJE LXDJE 6  6  LXDJE :  : 

Aäfmicngtn, ids vnfns qun disndtrdhdbe gnfnsdrme. Jn vnz ng fudgje, danftd jn id snffmög. Jmaãfmicngtn, arngdrãd ugd tdrnd mcpertdgtn.  Gugfd sn jnhn rnpntmr perqun fdusd fdus d adiid lngnrdi.

; 41 8: 68

f) Xnspegsdhmimjdj ng Zrdhdbe jn Etres. Jmanrngtns gmvnins jn fdpdfmjdj pdrd jmrmlmr

e supnrvmsdr di pnrsegdi suherjmgdje.

Vupnrvmsmög jmrnftd n mgjmrnftd LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 LXDJE :

Vupnrvmsmög jn lngtn qun jnpngjn y qun ge jnpngjn jmrnftdcngtn jni trdhdbdjer. Gmglugd pnrsegd. Jn 4 d 40 pnrsegds. Jn 44 d >0 pnrsegds. Cäs jn >4 pnrsegds.

< 4: 84 8; 408

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

j) Xnspegsdhmimjdj ng Jmsfrnfmög. Vn nvdiòd ni fegefmcmngte jn fdräftnr prmvdje jn id ncprnsd, feg ni qun fungtd id pnrsegd ng ni punste y qun jnhn ludrjdr feg jmsfrnfmög. LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8

Ge. Vm.

1 48

a)  Xnspegsdhmimjdj ng fegtdfte feg ni pòhimfe. Vn nvdiòd ids jmanrngtns cnjmjds ng qun ni trdhdbdjer nstä ng fegtdfte feg ni pòhimfe pdrd hngnamfme jn id ncprnsd. LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8  8  LXDJE 6  6 

Ge sn tmngn fegtdfte feg ies fimngtns.  Ge sn tmngn fegtdfte feg ies prevnnjerns. Vn tmngn fegtdfte feg ies fimngtns.

: ; 48

LXDJE :  : 

Vn tmngn fegtdfte feg ies prevnnjerns.

41

>.6.4.: Fegjmfmegns jn trdhdbe Vn rnamnrn di dchmngtn aãsmfe jegjn sn rndimzd ni trdhdbe, d id fecejmjdj e mgfecejmjdj feg id qun ni trdhdbdjer rndimzd sus augfmegns d ies rmnsles y nganrcnjdjns qun ni trdhdbdjer nstä nxpunste ng su dchmngtn jn trdhdbe .

d) Dchmngtn. Jmanrngtns gmvnins jn cnjmjds sehrn id fecejmjdj jni dchmngtn aãsmfe jn trdhdbe.

Dchmngtn LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6

Iuldr jn trdhdbe 

Di mgtncpnrmn. Fdimngtn e arme. Hmng vngtmidje y tncpidje.

h) Pesmfmög. Jmvnrsds ceinstmds d ids qun nstä secntmje ni trdhdbdjer.

6 1 =

Pesmfmög LXDJE 4 LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6  6  LXDJE :  : 

Aercd ng qun trdhdbd  Dldfkägjesn. Fdcmgdgje. Jn pmn smg fdcmgdr. Vngtdje.

: ; 48 41

f) Xmnsles. Ni trdhdbdjer nstä secntmje d rmnsles jn dilòg dffmjngtn ng su trdhdbe. 406

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Xmnsles LXDJE 4

Dffmjngtns qun punjn suarmr di jnsncpnôdr su trdhdbe   Dpidstdcmngte jn jnjes. :

LXDJE 8 LXDJE 6 LXDJE : LXDJE >

Fertdjurds. Fdãjds. Tuncdjurds Gmgluge.

; 48 41 80

j) Nganrcnjdjns. Ni trdhdbdjer nstä nxpunste d fegtrdnr dilugd nganrcnjdj jnpngjmngje jni punste. LXDJE 4

Nganrcnjdjns Prehincds jn rnspmrdfmög.

:

LXDJE LXDJE 86 LXDJE : LXDJE >

Prehincds Prehincds dujmtmves. vmsudins. Xnsarãe, jnhmje di fdchme jn tncpnrdturd. Prehincds jn nstrís.

; 48 41 80

>.6.8 Cdgudi jn augfmegns Id fidsmamfdfmög jn fdrles sn hdsdrä ng ni cdgudi jn augfmegns y ni erldgmlrdcd jn id ncprnsd per ie qun sn rndimzdrä ni cdgudi pdrd ies fdrles smlumngtns fegsmjnrdgje di  pnrsegdi gunve qun sn lngnrd jnhmje di preynfte2     

Ngfdrldje jn Prejuffmög Ehrnre pdrd prejuffmög

40:

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Jnsfrmpfmög jni fdrle2 Ngfdrldje jn Prejuffmög Augfmegns y rnspegsdhmimjdjns    Dprevnfkdr ni nqumpe feg qun fungtd id ncprnsd pdrd jnsdrreiidr ni prefnse jn adhrmfdfmög jn prejuftes   Fucpimr feg ni pidg nstrdtílmfe jn id ncprnsd   Djcmgmstrdr ies rnfurses jn aercd namfmngtn   Pidgmamfdr ni prelrdcd jn prejuffmög   Mgaercdr d lnrngfmd y jmrnfterme ni fucpimcmngte jn tdrnds dsmlgdjds jn  prejuffmög y fegtrei jn fdimjdj   Djcmgmstrdr festes ng tejds ids ntdpds jn prejuffmög.   Fegtreidr ni fucpimcmngte jn id lnstmög dchmngtdi   Id pidgmamfdfmög y supnrvmsmög jni trdhdbe jn ies ncpindjes?



   



 

  Id supnrvmsmög jn ies prefnses jn prejuffmög e adhrmfdfmög ng ncprnsds cdguadfturnrds   Ni fegtrei jn stefos y id lnstmög jn dicdfngns   Id rnseiufmög jn ids mgfmjngfmds   Id lnstmög jn ies rnfurses cdtnrmdins   Id hòsqunjd jn nstrdtnlmds pdrd ducngtdr id namfmngfmd y namfdfmd jn id  prejuffmög   Id mggevdfmög y ni jmsnôe jn prejuftes



   



Xnqumsmtes cãgmces Mgstruffmög Häsmfd2 Nstujmes rndimzdjes d gmvni Imfngfmdturd, feg fegefmcmngtes yd snd ng Mglngmnrãd Mgjustrmdi, Mglngmnrãd Tuãcmfd, Mglngmnrãd jn Dimcngtes, Mglngmnrãd Fecnrfmdi, Djcmgmstrdfmög jn Ncprnsds e fdrrnrds damgns. Nxpnrmngfmd cãgmcd jn 6 dôes ng fdrles smcmidrns.

Nspnfmamfdfmegns

       

Zrdhdbe ng qumpe Fdrdftnrãstmfds jn ug iãjnr jncefrätmfe, pdrtmfmpdtmve. Ditd cetmvdfmög idherdi. Cdgnbe jn smtudfmegns nstrnsdgtns.

       

Cdgnbe jn lrupes Zeinrdgfmd d id arustrdfmög. Fdpdfmjdj jn daregtdcmngte y seiufmög jn prehincds. Pnrsegdimjdj jmgäcmfd, fdrmscätmfd, frndtmvd y dffnsmhin.

   

   

40>

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Jnsfrmpfmög jni fdrle2 Ehrnre Augfmegns y rnspegsdhmimjdjns             

    



Feerjmgdfmög feg ies etres jnpdrtdcngtes. Fucpimr feg kerdrmes y turges. Zrdhdbdr d id cmscd vniefmjdj jn ids cäqumgds. Qnrmamfdr anfkds jn vngfmcmngtes. Tun ies ngvdsns d id vngtd sdildg ng hung nstdje y ntmquntdjds. Cdgtngnr imcpme ni ärnd jn trdhdbe.

Xnqumsmtes cãgmces Hdfkmiinr ng kucdgmjdjns Nxpnrmngfmd cãgmcd jn 4 dôe ng fdrles damgns.

Nspnfmamfdfmegns          

    

Zrdhdbe ng nqumpe Fdpdfmjdj jn daregtdcmngte y seiufmög jn prehincds. Pnrsegdimjdj dftmvd, jmgäcmfd y dffnsmhin. Xnspegsdhmimjdj Kmlmngn pnrsegdi

>.6.6 Furvd sdidrmdi Id furvd sdidrmdi fegsmstn ng fegvnrtmr ies vdierns jn pugtes jn fdjd punste ng vdierns cegntdrmes. Xnferjdgje ie rndimzdje ng id nvdiudfmög jn punstes, sn ehsnrvd ng ni Jmdlrdcd >.4 feg ies punstes nvdiudjes y ies pugtes ehtngmjes.

Zdhid >.8

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Pugtdbn per punste jn trdhdbe Punste Pugtes Lnrngtn lngnrdi :48 Ngfdrldje jn djcmgmstrdfmög y amgdgzds 6>; Ngfdrldje jn cdrontmgl y vngtds 6>1 Ngfdrldje jn prejuffmög 6:: Ehrnre Knidjnre 886 Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd jn dfunrje d id nvdiudfmög jn punstes

401

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Jmdlrdcd >.4 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Xnidfmög jn punstes y pugtdbn Punstes Qs. Pugtes >00 :00      s      e       t      g      u       P

600 800 400 0 0

4

8

6 Punstes

:

>

1

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

Ni prmcnr pdse nxmln ug pugte jn pdrtmjd ng tírcmges cegntdrmes feg rnspnfte di fudi jnhnräg rnidfmegdrsn ies vdierns ng pugtes. Ni prefnjmcmngte cäs fecòg fegsmstn ng kdfnr ugd ferrnidfmög ngtrn ni vdier jn fdjd punste ng pugtes y ni sdidrme jn su efupdgtn.

>.6.: Qdierns jn ies punstes ng pugtes y rncugnrdfmegns precnjmes Id iãgnd jn tngjngfmd punjn fdifuidrsn cäs nxdftdcngtn cnjmdgtn id tífgmfd nstdjãstmfd jn ies cãgmces fudjrdjes e tdchmíg per cnjme jn prefnjmcmngtes nstdjãstmfes smcmidrns pdrd id ehtngfmög jn ugd rnftd e pdräheid qun mjngtmamqun cnber id ferrnidfmög ngtrn pugtes y sdidrmes. Pdrd tecdr nstd jnfmsmög sn tmngn qun ehsnrvdr id jmstrmhufmög jn ies pugtes ng ug lräamfe. Ng ni Jmdlrdcd >.8 sn cunstrd ni fecpertdcmngte jn id tngjngfmd, sn dgdimzd ugd dprexmcdfmög e ugd tngjngfmd nstdjãstmfd.

Zdhid >.6 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Pugtdbn y sdidrmes per punste jn trdhdbe Punste Pugtes Vdidrmes Ehrnre knidjnre 886 8010 Ngfdrldje jn prejuffmög 6:: >000 Ngfdrldje jn cdrontmgl y vngtds 6>1 >>00 Ngfdrldje jn djcmgmstrdfmög y amgdgzds 6>; >>00 Lnrngtn lngnrdi :48 1000 Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

40<

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Jmdlrdcd >.8 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Fecpertdcmngte jn id tngjngfmd Vdidrmes vs. Pugtes ;000      s 1000      e        m      r      d:000       i      d        V8000 0 0

400

800

600

:00

>00

Pugtes Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

Pdrd id jntnrcmgdfmög jn id iãgnd jn tngjngfmd, id sucd jn ids jnsvmdfmegns jn ies jmvnrses pugtes jn id iãgnd jnhnrä snr mludi d fnre, y id sucd jn ies fudjrdjes jn ids jnsvmdfmegns jnhnrä snr cnger qun id sucd jn ies fudjrdjes jn ids jnsvmdfmegns ehsnrvdjds d pdrtmr jn fudiqumnr etrd rnftd qun sn trdfn, ngtegfns id iãgnd ehtngmjd snrä ògmfd. Per ni cíteje jn dbustn imgndi sn prnsngtd ni smlumngtn Jmdlrdcd >.6.

Jmdlrdcd >.6 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Cíteje jn dbustn imgndi Vdidrmes vs. Pugtes 000      s      e        m :000      r      d       i      d6000

y 3 88.4;6x 88.4;6x - 81==.8 81==.8 X¸ 3 0.=10<

       V

8000 4000 0 0

400

800

600

:00

Pugtes

sdidrmes

>00

Imgndi (sdidrmes)

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

40;

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Jegjn2 d)  Qdrmdhin mgjnpngjmngtn2 Pugtes  h)  Qdrmdhin jnpngjmngtn2 Xncugnrdfmegns Id nfudfmög utmimzdjd pdrd lngnrdr ugd furvd sdidrmdi (imgndi) ns2

 3       Ng nstd nfudfmög, d y h rnprnsngtdg fegstdgtns e pdräcntres, ng tdgte qun [ y ] rnprnsngtdg vdrmdhins. Ni pdräcntre d jnamgn id pesmfmög mgmfmdi jn id furvd sdidrmdi, ni  pdräcntre h jntnrcmgd id mgfimgdfmög jn id iãgnd jn tngjngfmd. Xnseivmngje ni smstncd jn trns nfudfmegns qun sn jnhn pidgtndr pdrd seiufmegdr ni  prehincd, sn ehtmngn ies smlumngtns vdierns pdrd id nfudfmög2

 3 88,4;6 4;6  8.1 8.1==, ==,8   3 0.=10.: Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Pugtdbn y sdidrmes per punste jn trdhdbe Punste Pugtes Vdidrmes

 3     

Ehrnre knidjnre Ngfdrldje jn prejuffmög

886 6::

8.010 >.000

8.811 6>; :48

>.>00 >.>00 1.000

>.4= >.8:8,64 1.::0,80

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

>.: Vmstncd jn rntrmhufmög Ni smstncd jn rntrmhufmög husfd nstdhinfnr id nstrufturd jn id rncugnrdfmög jmrnftd.

40=

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Ni sdidrme jn ug nc ncpindje pindje tngjrä id smlumngtn fecpesmfmög2  

Vunije Häsmfe

 

Xncugnrdfmög per Kerds Nxtrds

 

Vuhsmjmes

 

Heges

 

Hege Dgtmlùnjdj 3 Vunije Zetdi -  Jnsfungtes 3 Iãqumje Pdldhin

d)  Vunije Häsmfe Ni sunije häsmfe qun pdld id ncprnsd ns ni nqumvdingtn di sdidrme cãgmce gdfmegdi, qun ni Pejnr Nbnfutmve nstdhinfn dgudicngtn cnjmdgtn precuildfmög.

d)  Xncugnrdfmög per Kerds Nxtrds. Id ncprnsd rndimzdrä id rntrmhufmög dferjn d ids kerds nxtrds trdhdbdjds per ies ncpindjes jn id pdrtn jn prejuffmög.

h)  Hege jn Dgtmlùnjdj. Ni Hege jn Dgtmlùnjdj sn dpimfd sehrn ni sdidrme cãgmce gdfmegdi. Ni drtãfuie 10 jni Jnfrnte Vuprnce Ge. 84010, tnxtudicngtn nstdhinfn id smlumngtn nsfdid pdrd ni hege jn dgtmlùnjdj2

Zdhid >.> Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Perfngtdbn hege jn dgtmlùnjdj Dôes Perfngtdbn4; 

8 ‖   :: >-< ; - 40 44 - 4: 4> - 4=

>% 44% 4;% 81% 6:%

80 8> -- 8: e cäs

:8% >0%

Aungtn2 Jnfrnte Vuprnce Ge. 84010 4; Drtãfuie

10 jni Jnfrnte Vuprnce Ge. 84010

440

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

>.:.4 Hngnamfmes sefmdins y inldins Ids pnrsegds seg dtrdãjds y pdrtmfmpdg ng id ncprnsd ge söie ng augfmög jni punste, jni sdidrme, jn ids epertugmjdjns, jni fimcd erldgmzdfmegdi, smge tdchmíg ng augfmög jn ids nxpnftdtmvds jn snrvmfmes y hngnamfmes sefmdins qun pejräg jmsarutdr. Ies hngnamfmes sefmdins nstäg ermngtdjes kdfmd ni ielre jn fmnrtes ehbntmves. Ies hngnamfmes inldins seg2 -  -  -  - 

Prmcd dgudi Dlumgdije jn gdvmjdj Qdfdfmegns Pngsmög jn buhmidfmög

-  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  - 

Vuhsmjme per dffmjngtns jn trdhdbe Vuhsmjme per nganrcnjdj Vuhsmjme jn cnjmfdcngtes Prnstdfmög per cunrtn. Prnstdfmög per ldstes augnrdrmes. Vuhsmjme jn cdtnrgmjdj Vuhsmjme cdtrmcegmdi Vuhsmjme jn gdtdimjdj Vuhsmjme jn idftdgfmd

>.> Xnqunrmcmngte jn pnrsegdi Ni rnqunrmcmngte jn pnrsegdi sn kdrä jn dfunrje di suhsmstncd jn pregöstmfe jn rnfurses kucdges.

>.>.4 Vuhsmstncd jn pregöstmfe jn rnfurses kucdges Ni pregöstmfe jn rnfurses kucdges ns ugd tífgmfd qun tmngn per ehbnte jntnrcmgdr ng

aercd smstncätmfd id prehdhin jncdgjd jn ies rnfurses kucdges qun tngjrä id ncprnsd. Dgtns jn fegtrdtdr sn kdrä ug pregöstmfe jn ies rnfurses kucdges qun sn gnfnsmtdräg  per fmnrtd tncperdjd u etres cetmves fece snr dcpimdfmög jn id ncprnsd. Id frndfmög jn gunves fdrles sn nstdhinfnrä jn dfunrje d ids gnfnsmjdjns jn id ncprnsd, jnhmngje fegsmlgdrsn dgudicngtn ng ni prnsupunste, prnvmd dprehdfmög jni jmrnfterme.

444

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

>.>.8 Vmstncd jn prevmsmög jn XX KK Zmngn per ehbnte nanftudr ids prevmsmegns jn rnfurses kucdges pdrd fucpimr feg ies rnqunrmcmngtes gnfnsdrmes jn ug punste e fdrle. Pdrd qun ni suhsmstncd jn prevmsmög jn rnfurses kucdges augfmegn hmng nstä jmvmjmje ng trns suhsmstncds qun seg2

d) Mjngtmamfdfmög jn ugd vdfdgtn, nstn suhsmstncd tmngn ni ehbntmve jn vnrmamfdr sm nxmstn e ge ng id ncprnsd ni pnrsegdi pdrd fdjd ärnd jn trdhdbe.

h) Xnfiutdcmngte jn Pnrsegdi,  ns ni prefnse jn mjngtmamfdr n mgtnrnsdr d fdgjmjdtes fdpdfmtdjes pdrd iingdr vdfdgtns? nstn prefnse sn mgmfmd feg id hòsqunjd (mgtnrge y nxtnrge) y tnrcmgd fudgje sn rnfmhng ids seimfmtujns jn trdhdbe.

f) Vninffmög jn Pnrsegdi,  ugd vnz qun sn jmspegn jn ug lrupe mjögne jn seimfmtdgtns ehtngmje cnjmdgtn ni dgtnrmer suhsmstncd jn rnfiutdcmngte, sn jd mgmfme di prefnse jn sninffmög. Ni prefnse jn sninffmög fegsmstn ng pdses nspnfãamfes qun sn ncpindg pdrd jnfmjmr quí seimfmtdgtns jnhng snr fegtrdtdjes (vídsn Amlurd >.:).

448

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Jmdlrdcd >.: Jmdlrdcd jn aiube pdrd id fegtrdtdfmög jn ug ncpindje Nxmstngfmd jn ugd vdfdgfmd

Dgugfmdr per prngsd e mgvmtdfmög Vninffmög mgmfmdi (Xnfnpfmög jn eanrtds jn snrvmfmes)

 Ge fucpin ids ids nspnfmamfdfmegns

Fmtdfmög d prunhds y/e nxäcngns Dpimfdfmög jn prunhds y/e nxäcngns (fdimamfdfmög ng lnrngfmd djcmgmstrdtmvd)

Xnsuitdjes jnsadverdhins Ngtrnvmstd jn sninffmög (iingdje jn aercuidrme)  Ge fucpin ids nspnfmamfdfmegns

Fdimamfdfmög cdyer d .>.6 Vuhsmstncd jn prelrdcdfmög jn rnfurses kucdges Nstn suhsmstncd tmngn id augfmög jn nstdhinfnr ies prelrdcds jn trdhdbe pdrd ies rnfurses kucdges, y jntnrcmgdgje fuägje jnhng iinvdrsn d fdhe ies cmsces. Pdrd ni  hung jnsncpnôe jn sus augfmegns au gfmegns ístn suhsmstncd nstä jmvmjmje ng2

d) Ermngtdfmög Id cdyerãd jn ids pnrsegds rnfmíg fegtrdtdjds nxpnrmcngtdg ug jnsne mgtngse jn ehtngnr dfnptdfmög, mgtngtd djeptdr pdutds jn fegjuftd qun rmlng ng id erldgmzdfmög, id ncprnsd, ids peiãtmfds, prnstdfmegns y etres tncds, qun snräg preperfmegdjes per ni  prelrdcd jn ermngtdfmög qun nstä d fdrle jni suhsmstncd jn ermngtdfmög. Ies tncds qun sn prnsngtdg ng id ermngtdfmög seg2 h) Fdpdfmtdfmög Vn prelrdcd id fdpdfmtdfmög di pnrsegdi qun lngnrdicngtn ns gunve e di pnrsegdi qun ge tngld ies suamfmngtns fegefmcmngtes e kdhmimjdjns pdrd jnsncpnôdr ids idherns dsmlgdjds, jntnftdjes cnjmdgtn ugd nvdiudfmög jni jnsncpnôe. Id fdpdfmtdfmög dyujd d ies cmnchres jn id erldgmzdfmög d jnsncpnôdr su trdhdbe dftudi, ies hngnamfmes punjng  preiegldrsn d tejd su vm vmjd jd idherdi y punjng dyujdr ng ni jnsdrreiie jn nsd pnrsegd p nrsegd pdrd fucpimr feg auturds rnspegsdhmimjdjns.

f) Fdpdfmtdfmegns di pnrsegdi Ni ncpindje jnhnrä fdpdfmtdrsn pdrd jnsncpnôdr namfmngtncngtn ids idherns qun in sndg ngfecngjdjds y rnfmhmr id animfmtdfmög ferrnspegjmngtn per fudgte kdyd dsmstmje feg rnluidrmjdj d ies furses jn cnberdcmngte.

44:

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

1. FDPMZ^IE QM2 NQDI^DFMÖG NFEGÖCMFD-AMGDGFMNXD 1.4 Mgvnrsmög Mgmfmdi Zetdi Id mgvnrsmög tetdi mgmfmdi fecprngjn id djqumsmfmög jn tejes ies dftmves ambes y jmanrmjes gnfnsdrmes pdrd mgmfmdr ids epnrdfmegns, feg nxfnpfmög jni fdpmtdi jn trdhdbe.

      3  ö ö   ++ ö ö    1.4.4 Mgvnrsmög ng dftmves ambes Ns id mgvnrsmög ng dftmves tdglmhins jngtre jn ies fudins tngnces2

1.4.4.4 Fegstruffmög jn ehrd vngjmjd Id fegstruffmög y djnfudfmög jn ids ärnds jn prefnse fegnftdjes per ugd punrtd pdrd nvmtdr fegtdcmgdfmög fruzdjd y fegtdr feg ugd mgstdidfmög qun fucpid tejes ies nstägjdrns pdrd id adhrmfdfmög jn prejuftes dimcngtmfmes, snlòg id jmstrmhufmög ng pidgtd jni Fdpãtuie MQ, nstdrä fecpunstd per ids dftmvmjdjns jni smlumngtn fudjre2

Zdhid 1.4 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Prnsupunste jn fegstruffmög jn ehrd vngjmjd Fecpute Prnfme Prnsupunste Dftmvmjdj ^gmj. Cítrmfe ^gmtdrme ($us) Xntmrdje jn vmjrme pdrd feiefdje jn cure c8 1,;0 ;0 >0 61 Fmnie rdse nstufdje c8 41,;0 >> 466

Mcpnrcndhmimzdfmög Mgstdidfmög niíftrmfd pdrd iucmgdrmd Mgstdidfmög niíftrmfd pdrd ferrmngtn fegtmgud Pmse fnräcmfe Pmgturd rnsmstngtn d id kucnjdj mgtnrmer

c8 pmnzd pmnzd c8 c8

66,10 :,00 0 4>0 10

:.;8; 406 4>4 618 4:>

Punrtd mgtnrmer jn cdjnrd 0,;*8,40 Punrtd jn mgtnrmer jn cdjnrd 0,=*8,40 Vmstncd jn rnarmlnrdfmög Zetdi

Pmnzd Pmnzd Pmnzd

4,00 4,00 4,00

4.:1> 8.000 4.>00

840 8;< 841 1.

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

1.4.4.8 Cdqumgdrmd y nqumpe Id djqumsmfmög jn id cdqumgdrmd y nqumpes rnqunrmjes sn cunstrd d fegtmgudfmög2

Zdhid 1.8 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Mgvnrsmög ng cdqumgdrmd y nqumpe Prnfme Fdgtmjdj Prevnnjer Cdqumgdrmd y Nqumpe ($us) AMGDCDF Omt Pdintnre 44.000 4 JMVCDF Feglnidjer 140 : VDCV^GL HEIMQMD Xnarmlnrdjer fegsnrvdjerd 4.:00 4 FECZNF Cnjmjer jn pK :40 4 MCPEXZDJEXD FDVHE Hdidgzd jmlmtdi 4=0 4 MCPEXZDJEXD FDVHE Hdidgzd jmlmtdi jn prnfmsmög >0 4 FECZNF Xnardftöcntre 686 4 FECZNF Znrcöcntre jmlmtdi >: 4 AMGDCDF Pdstnurmzdjer >.;00 4 DZDAEXCD Dimgndjer jn Pdimtes 840 8 MCPEXZDJEXD FDVHE Vniidjerd 800 4 DZDAEXCD Ceijns jn dfnre mgexmjdhin 640 : FEXCDT Fegsnrvdjer idvdjerd 6.000 4 FEXCDT Purmamfdjer jn dlud >00 4 Zetdi

Zetdi ($us) 44.000 8.::0 4.:00 :40 4=0 >0 686 >: >.;00 :80 800 4.8:0 6.000 >00 8 4

Cdtrdz Ngsnrns vdrmes Zetdi

(Hs) 6.:00 8.:00 6>0 800

($us) :;= 6:> >0 8=

=00 >00 0

($us) 461 860 8;< 8;< =:4

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd feg jdtes dftudins jn ids ngtmjdjns

44<

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Zdhid 1.1 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Fudjre jn dcertmzdfmög )s

n

g g

i

f

e D

ô

r

u

g

mt

dz

f

s

dz

f

et

$(

n

öm

g

D e

u j

Ãtnc

Ldstes jn id ncprnsd Punstd ng cdrfkd Zetdi

611 >

mt

c d

r %

)s mt i

u

C

r

$(

g

dz e

g e

öm et

d

e C

öm j

c d

> 80% > 80%

d u e c d

g d

4;;,8

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög ng hdsn d Zdhid 1-> 

1.4.6 Mgvnrsmög ng fdpmtdi jn Zrdhdbe Ni fdpmtdi jn trdhdbe ldrdgtmzdrd id jmspegmhmimjdj jn ies rnfurses nfegöcmfes gnfnsdrme pdrd id epnrdfmög gercdi jni preynfte jurdgtn ug fmfie prejuftmve. Per ni cíteje jn jíamfmt dfucuidtmve cäxmce fdifuidrnces ni fdpmtdi, fdifuidgje per cns mglrnses y nlrnses, pdrd tdins fäifuies fegsmjnrdces ni prnfme d hs. > 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>>

Zetdi mglrnses

4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>> 4:.:>>

Festes Feste jn prejuffmög Feste jn djcmgmstrdfmög

6.668

6.668

6.668

6.668

6.668

6.668

6.668

6.668

6.668

6.668

6.668

6.668

.881

11.008

=.:;6

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

488

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

J) Festes mgjmrnftes jn adhrmfdfmög Zdhid 1.46 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Festes Mgjmrnftes Festes mgjmrnftes jn adhrmfdfmög ($us) Dlud Petdhin Ngnrlãd niíftrmfd Xepd jn trdhdbe Zetdi festes mgjmrnftes jn prejuffmög

4.>4; 8.>18 >00 :.>;0

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög feg hdsn ng prnfmes dftudins jn snrvmfmes häsmfes

Pdrd nstn fäifuie sn fegsmjnrd prnfmes dftudins jn ies snrvmfmes häsmfes? 0.1< Hs/O\/k ni snrvmfme jn ngnrlãd niíftrmfd JNIDPDR, 8.=0 Hs/c6 ni snrvmfme jn dlud NPVDV.

1.6.8 Festes djcmgmstrdtmves Vn fegsmjnrd feste djcmgmstrdtmves? feste jn cdge jn ehrd mgjmrnftd, tdchmíg fecugmfdfmegns pdrd ldstes ng tninaegãd, mgtnrgnt, festes jn pdpninrãd pdrd ldstes jn nsfrmterme y vdrmes.

Zdhid 1.4: Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Pidgmiid jn Vdidrme e j

s g

gn

d d

et jm sn

i

uf e J

dt F Z

Lnrngtn jn

4

>,000

ni

uf

u

d

16>.>

qã

Z sn j

16>.>

h l p

I

i nt

jm gn

e D

sn

d

e

dt A

l g

u

et i

P

d t

P

s et

j

g

i t

e

er e

d P

:,61:.>

D

i d/ e

p

;>.>

ô dt

ô Z

d

e

e dt

r

)

)

d

s h(

>8,6

Prejuffmög Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd ng hdsn d id Zdhid >.:

Zdhid 1.4> Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Cdge jn ehrd mgjmrnftd Festes djcmgmstrdtmves ($us) Lnrngtn jn Prejuffmög Fecugmfdfmög, heges n mgfngtmves, vdrmes Zetdi Festes Djcmgmstrdtmves

8> 4,000 ;.>8>

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd feg hdsn d gnfnsmjdjns djcmgmstrdtmvds

486

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

1.6.6 Festes jn fecnrfmdimzdfmög y jmstrmhufmög Ies festes seg nstmcdjes jn dfunrje d ies ldstes cmsces rndimzdjes ng id pdsdjd lnstmög, festes ielãstmfes y per precefmegdr ies prejuftes di cnrfdje, fdchmes ng id mcdlng y etres.

Zdhid 1.41 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Jmstrmhufmög y Qngtds Festes jn Jmstrmhufmög y Qngtds ($us) Diquminr jn trdgspertn Precefmög y puhimfmjdj Zetdi Festes jn Jmstrmhufmög y Qngtds

4.000 ;.000 =.000

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

1.6.: Feste amgdgfmnre Pdrd id jntnrcmgdfmög jni feste amgdgfmnre rndimzdrnces ni fudjre jn dcertmzdfmög jni  prístdce per ni cíteje jn fuetd fegstdgtn, jegjn ni mgtnrís lngnrdje rnprnsngtd ni feste amgdgfmnre.

Zdhid 1.4< Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Fegjmfmegns jnujd hdgfdrmd Hdgfe Amn Fegjmfmegns jnujd Hdgfdrmd Hdgfe Amn Cegte $us : Perfngtdbn jn amgdgfmdcmngte 400% Zdsd jn mgtnrís dgudi 1% Pidze > dôes Ldrdgtãd Kmpetnfdrmd Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög ng hdsn d ngtmjdj amgdgfmnrd

Zdhid 1.4; Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Zdhid jn dcertmzdfmög Dôe Vdije mgmfmdi Mgtnrís Dcertmzdfmög Fuetd Vdije amgdi 4 :,0 8.;1=,> ;.:;:,0 44.6>6,> 6=.6:4,4 8 6=.6:4,4 8.610,> ;.==6,0 44.6>6,> 60.6:;,0 6 60.6:;,0 4.;80,= =.>68,1 44.6>6,> 80.;4>,: : 80.;4>,: 4.8:;,= 40.40:,1 44.6>6,> 40. 40. 0 Zetdi ;.480 Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

48:

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Id tdhid snrä utmimzdjd pdrd dgdimzdr ni aiube jn aegjes jnsjn ni pugte jn vmstd jni mgvnrsmegmstd, fegsmjnrdgje2 Ni mgtnrís lngnrdje ng ni pnrmeje 0, ferrnspegjn d id adsn jn mgvnrsmög (Dôe 0) y pdsd d aercdr pdrtn jni dftmve jmanrmje? ies mgtnrnsns lngnrdjes jurdgtn ies pnrmejes jn 4 di > ferrnspegjng di feste amgdgfmnre jurdgtn id adsn jn epnrdfmög jni preynfte, smngje $us 0 ni sdije amgdi ng ni dôe >? id dcertmzdfmög jni amgdgfmdcmngte sn rndimzdrä d pdrtmr jni Dôe 4, jn dfunrje d id Zdhid 1.4;.

1.: Mglrnses jni preynfte 1.:.4 Feste ugmtdrme per prejufte Pdrd ehtngnr ni feste ugmtdrme per prejufte sn jntnrcmgö ies festes snlòg ni prefnse  prejuftmve jn fdjd uge jn niies.

Zdhid 1.4= Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Feste vdrmdhin jn prejuffmög Feste Qdrmdhin ($us) 6,=;> Feste cdtnrmd prmcd  4;,641 Feste jn mgsuces  6,14: Festes jn cdtnrmdins  Festes mgjmrnftes jn adhrmfdfmög  Dlud petdhin 4,>4; Ngnrlãd niíftrmfd 8,>18 Festes jn jmstrmhufmög y fecnrfmdimzdfmög   Zrdgspertn 4,000 Zetdi Feste Qdrmdhin 60,==1 Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd feg hdsn ng Zdhid 1.= 

Zdhid 1.80 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Feste ambe jn prejuffmög Festes ambes Cdge jn ehrd jmrnftd Feste mgjmrnfte jn adhrmfdfmög Festes djcmgmstrdtmves CEM y etres festes Festes jn fecnrfmdimzdfmög y jmstrmhufmög Festes ge epnrdtmves Jnprnfmdfmegns Zetdi Feste Ambe

$us =,:;6 >00 ;,>8> ;.>00 1,64= 68,;8<

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

48>

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Zdhid 1.84 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Feste ugmtdrme jn prejuffmög Festes $us Zetdi Feste Qdrmdhin 60.==1 Zetdi Feste Ambe 68.;8< Feste tetdi 16.;88 Fdgtmjdj prejufmjd dgudi dôe 0 48>.0< Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

Ni feste ugmtdrme per prejufte ns $us 0,>0< ie qun nqumvdin d Hs. 6.>6.-

1.:.8 Jntnrcmgdfmög jni prnfme n mglrnses jni preynfte Pdrd jntnrcmgdr ni prnfme jn vngtd, utmimzdrnces ni cíteje jni rnfdrle di feste2

 3   ∜ 4+     Ni cdrlng jn utmimjdj pdrd ies knidjes ns 481,16% nstn cdrlng ns jnamgmje ng augfmög di frmtnrme qun nstä rnidfmegdje feg ni feste jn djqumsmfmög jn ies prevnnjerns y festes jn djqumsmfmög per id fecpntngfmd. Ng nstn fegtnxte, jntnrcmgdrnces ni prnfme jn vngtd jni prejufte kdfmngje use jn id nfudfmög pidgtndjd.

Zdhid 1.88 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Prnfme Feste Cdrlng jn Prejufte ^gmtdrme ^tmimjdj (Hs) Aungtn2 Knidje Nidherdfmög prepmd 

6.=1

=;,60%

Mglrnse per ugmjdj (Hs) 6.:<

Prnfme Hs. <

Nstes prnfmes jn vngtd ge mgfiuyng ni Mcpunste di Qdier Dlrnldje (MQD) gm ni Mcpunste d ids Zrdgsdffmegns (MZ), per ie qun ng ni Nstdje jn Xnsuitdjes sn rndimzdrä ni jnsfungte djnfudje. Ies mglrnses per vngtds preynftdjes pdrd fdjd dôe jni kermzegtn jn nvdiudfmög jni  preynfte, seg ies smlumngtns2

481

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Zdhid 1.86 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Mglrnses per vngtd Qngtd Zetdi Dôe $us 481.:;6 4 48;.8>: 8 460.0:= 6 464.; Nvdiudfmög nfegöcmfd Pdrd id nvdiudfmög nfegöcmfd jni preynfte sn jnhn fegstrumr ni aiube jn fdbd e aiube jn aegjes, dgdimzdr cnjmdgtn mgjmfdjerns pdrd fecpdrdr ies hngnamfmes y festes. Id nvdiudfmög amgdgfmnrd sn rndimzdrä jn id smlumngtn cdgnrd2 d)  Cmjmngje id rngtdhmimjdj jn tejd id mgvnrsmög? id fegstruffmög jni aiube jn aegjes jni preynfte pure smg ni amgdgfmdcmngte hdgfdrme.  h)  Cmjmngje id rngtdhmimjdj jn rnfurses jn id mgvnrsmegmstds? per id fegstruffmög jni aiube jn aegjes jni preynfte amgdgfmdje mgfiuyngje ni feste amgdgfmnre, mcpunstes, dcertmzdfmög jn id jnujd. Ies mgjmfdjerns pdrd cnjmr id nvdiudfmög jni preynfte, snräg2 QDG ns id fegvnrsmög jn sucds auturds d sucds prnsngtns, pnrcmtn sucdr ies festes y  hngnamfmes jn jmanrngtns dôes fece sm s m kuhmnrdg efurrmje ni cmsce dôe. ZMX ns id tdsd jn mgtnrís jn epertugmjdj pdrd id fudi ni preynfte dpngds snrä dfnptdhin. Ngtegfns id ZMX ns2 ’ug vdier frãtmfe jn id tdsd jn mgtnrís jn epertugmjdj. Vnôdid id tdsd jn rngtdhmimjdj lngnrdjd per ies aegjes mgvnrtmjes dsucmngje qun ies arutes jn id mgvnrsmög (ies aiubes gntes pesmtmves jni preynfte) sn rnmgvmnrtng ng ni  preynfte, e snd, sn cdgtmngng ’mgtnrges di preynfte–.  preynfte–. 

48<

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

1.>.4 Fegstruffmög jni aiube jn aegjes jni preynfte Pdrd id nstrufturd jni aiube jn aegjes jni preynfte pure y amgdgfmdje ehtngnces id utmimjdj gntd y pdrd niie ns gnfnsdrme fegtdr feg ug Nstdje jn Xnsuitdjes pdrd fegefnr festes n mglrnses jni preynfte.

Zdhid 1.8: Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Nstdje jn Xnsuitdjes Preynfte Pure (Nxprnsdje ng $us) Fegfnpte Dôe 4 Dôe 8 Dôe 6 Dôe : Mglrnses Mglrnses per vngtds 481.:;6 48;.8>: 460.0:= 464.;: 460.0:= 464.;.>06 >.1:8 Mcpunstes d ids trdgsdffmegns (MZ 6%) 6.1 Mglrnses Gntes 444.:1= 446.408 44:. 441.:46 Festes  Feste cdtnrmd prmcd 6.=;> :.4:> :.640 :.:;6 Feste jn mgsuces 4;.641 4=.0:= 4=.;44 8.010 Feste jn cdge jn ehrd jmrnftd =.:;6 =.:;6 =.:;6 =.:;6 Feste cdtnrmdins 6.14: 6.; 6.=0= :.01> Festes mgjmrnftes jn prejuffmög :.>;0 :.;48 :.=48 >.04> Festes jn adhrmfdfmög 6=.= :6.1:= Festes djcmgmstrdtmves  46.08> 46.08> 46.08> 46.08> Festes jn jmstrmhufmög y vngtds ;.000 ;.000 ;.000 ;.000 Zetdi festes epnrdtmves 14.00: 18.80 1:.1%)  ^ZMIMJDJ GNZD

4;; 6.::= 1:.:>6 :.818

4;; 6.::= 1>..>61

4;; 6.::= 11.;== : 44.=14 6>.;;:

4;; 6.::= 1;.486 :;.8=0 48.0 466..=:> 6.814 4;; 6.::= 1=.6=: :;.

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

Feg id utmimjdj gntd ehtngmjd jnrmvdces d id fegstruffmög jni aiube jn aegjes jni  preynfte pdrd nvdiudr feg ies mgjmfdjerns QDG (Qdier Dftudi Gnte), ZMX (Zdsd 48;

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Mgtnrgd jn Xnterge) y XHF (Xnidfmög Hngnamfme Feste) qun ges jmrmln d tecdr id jnfmsmög sehrn id mgvnrsmög.

Zdhid 1.8> Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Aiube jn aegjes Preynfte Pure (Nxprnsdje ng $us) Pnrmeje jn epnrdfmög Fegfnpte Dôe 0 Dôe 4 Dôe 8 Dôe 6 Dôe : Dôe > ^tmimjdj gntd 6>.814 6>.>61 6>.;;: 61.84< 61.>6> Jnprnfmdfmög jn dftmves ambes 6.814 6.814 6.814 6.814 6.814 Dcertmzdfmög jn dftmves jmanrmjes 4;; 4;; 4;; 4;; 4;; Feste jn mgvnrsmög -446.; Mglrnses  Zetdi mglrnses per vngtds

481.:;6 481.:;6

48;.8>: 48;.8>:

460.0:= 460.0:=

464.;

:.640

:.:;6

:.118

4;.641 =.:;6

4=.0:= =.:;6

4=.;44 =.:;6

80.106 =.:;6

84.:8< =.:;6

Zetdi feste cdtnrmdins

6.14:

6.;

6.=0=

:.01>

:.88;

Festes mgjmrnftes jn prejuffmög

:.>;0

:.;48

:.=48

>.04>

>.480

6=.=

:6.1:=

::.=80

46.08>

46.08>

46.08>

46.08>

46.08>

;.000

;.000

;.000

;.000

;.000

14.00:

18.80

1:.1.=:>

Jnprnfmdfmegns Dcertmzdfmög jn dftmves jmanrmjes

6.814 4;;

6.814 4;;

6.814 4;;

6.814 4;;

6.814 4;;

Feste amgdgfmnre

8.;.;40

>.86

Feste cdtnrmd prmcd Feste jn mgsuces Feste jn cdge jn ehrd jmrnftd

Festes jn adhrmfdfmög Festes djcmgmstrdtmves Festes jn jmstrmhufmög y vngtds

Zetdi festes epnrdtmves

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

460

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Zdhid 1.8< Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Aiube jn Aegjes Preynfte Amgdgfmdje (Nxprnsdje ng $us) Pnrmeje jn epnrdfmög Fegfnpte Dôe 0 Dôe 4 Dôe 8 Dôe 6 Dôe : Dôe > ^tmimjdj gntd 66.440 66.4; 6>.8;4 61.0>6 Jnprnfmdfmög jn dftmves ambes 6.814 6.814 6.814 6.814 6.814 Dcertmzdfmög jn dftmves jmanrmjes 4;; 4;; 4;; 4;; 4;; Feste jn mgvnrsmög -446.; 8;.0 8;.888 8;.:6> 8;.18> 6>.461 Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd

Ni preynfte feg amgdgfmdcmngte nxtnrge prnsngtd ug vdier prnsngtn gnte pesmtmve

QDG $us 6=.;>% snôdid qun ni preynfte tmngn cdyer rngjmcmngte qun id tdsd jn jnsfungte per ie tdgte jnhnrãd snr nbnfutdjd jdje qun jncunstrd rngtdhmimjdj. Id rnidfmög hngnamfme feste XHF 4,8:  ie qun smlgmamfd qun per fdjd ugmjdj jn vdier cegntdrme sn tngjrä ug rnterge jni fdpmtdi mgvnrtmje y ugd ldgdgfmd jn 0,8: ng fegsnfungfmd nstn preynfte rnsuitd dtrdftmve.

Fudjre 1.8 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Frmtnrmes pdrd id tecd jn jnfmsmegns $us 6=.;>% 4,8:

Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd ng hdsn d ies rnsuitdjes ehtngmjes ng ids Zdhids 1.81 - 1.8<

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Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

1.; Dgäimsms jn sngsmhmimjdj Ni dgäimsms jn sngsmhmimjdj sn ie rndimzd cnjmdgtn id smcuidfmög CegtnFdrie, jegjn id vdrmdhin fdchmdgtn ns id jncdgjd, jdje qun ies festes vdrmdhins nstäg ng augfmög d id jncdgjd. Vn rndimzdrä id smcuidfmög ng 8>0 nsfngdrmes dindtermes. Dftmves ambes Dftmves jmanrmjes Fdpmtdi jn trdhdbe Zetdi Mgvnrsmög

Mgvnrsmegns

6:,;>> ,

Per $us/ugmj ugmj/dôe Dôes Dôes

48 48% 8>%

Festes Ambes CEM Etres Ldstes Ambes Cns Jnprnfmdfmög Zetdi Festes Ambes dgudins

;.>8> ;.>00 :.=1< 84.==8

$us/cns $us/cns >.0% $us/dôe

Vupunstes2 Id fdgtmjdj d prejufmr ge vdrãd snlòg id pidgmamfdfmög mgmfmdi.

Zdhid 1.8; Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Xnidfmög augfmegdi pdrd id smcuidfmög Xnidfmög Augfmegdi Z 3 0,00006*J FCE 3 8=1*48*Z Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd 

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Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Jegjn2 Z 3 Gòcnre jn Zrdhdbdjerns fegtrdtdjes? J 3 Jncdgjd dgudi jn knidjes d nidherdr FCE 3 Feste jn Zrdhdbdjerns fegtrdtdjes Vdidrme häsmfe 3 $us 8=1 3 Hs 8.010 Cnsns 348

Zdhid 1.8= Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Vmcuidfmög jni # jn trdhdbdjerns   Jncdgjd knidjes d Xnidfmög # Zrdhdbdjerns d Dôe rndimzdr Augfmegdi fegtrdtdr ng ni dôe 4 48 : Z 3 0,00006*J : 48:.=14 : > 481.:;; : Aungtn2 Nidherdfmög prepmd ng hdsn d smcuidfmög

Zdhid 1.60 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Feste jn cdge jn ehrd eh rd Ge. Feste Dgudi Dôe Zrdhdbdjerns Xnidfmög Augfmegdi Zrdhdbdjerns 4 : 46.>:; 8 : 6>>8 46.:=0 6 : 46.481 FCE 3 8=1*48*Z : : 46.64> > : 46.: Zetdi Mglrnses 48         1        <         ;         =         0         4         8         6         :         4         4         4         4         4         4         4         4         4         4         8         8         8         8         8

Aungtn2 Nidherdje ng hdsn d rnsuitdjes ehtngmjes, vnr Dgnxe QM.

Jmdlrdcd 1-8 Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög2 Vmcuidfmög CegtnFdrie ZMX

ZMX 86.00% 88.>0% 88.00% 84.>0% 84.00% 80.>0% 80.00% 4=.>0%         4        0         =        ;                :        6         8        4        0        =         ;                 :        6        8        4         0        =        ;                :         4         4        8        6        :        >        1        <         ;        =        0        0         4        8        6        :        >        1        

 

 

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

FEGFI^VMEGNV ] XNFECNGJDFMEGNV   Vn dgdimzö ni cnrfdje iefdi ng id fmujdj jn Id Pdz, sn puje ehsnrvdr jurdgtn ni



nstujme jn cnrfdje qun nxmstn ugd jncdgjd mgsdtmsanfkd per ni fegsuce jn knidjes, jn dfunrje d ies rnsuitdjes jn id ngfunstd y tngmngje fece cnrfdje  petngfmdi d ids pnrsegds qun nstäg jmspunstes d pdldr per ni prejufte, nxmstn ug =1% jn rnspunstd pesmtmvd qun jncunstrd qun kdy ugd dfnptdfmög per ni cnrfdje.

  Ni nstujme jn cnrfdje rndimzdje ges jncunstrd qun nxmstn ugd ditd prehdhmimjdj



jni pesmfmegdcmngte ng ni cnrfdje petngfmdi, per id rnfecngjdfmög jn ies  prejuftes qun ies cmsces fegsucmjerns rndimzdrãdg mgfrncngtdgje d auture ni frnfmcmngte jn id jncdgjd.

  Vn jmsnôö id iãgnd jn prejuffmög jn knidjes, tdchmíg sn nstdhinfmö ug prefnse jn



 prejuffmög jn dfunrje d id adhrmfdfmög jn ies jmstmgtes sdherns y prnsngtdfmegns prnsng tdfmegns jn ies prejuftes, sn dgdimzö id fdpdfmjdj jn fdjd uge jn ies prefnses jn  prejuffmög, y sn difdgzö prejufmr knidjes jn ditd fdimjdj jurdgtn ids prunhds nxpnrmcngtdins rndimzdjd ng ids cmscds mgstdidfmegns, nstd prunhd mgmfmdicngtn tngãd fece ehbntmve nidherdr prejuftes feg cdtnrmds prmcds n mgsuces gdturdins sdherns dtrdftmves y pdrd id vdimjdfmög jn ids prunhds sn rndimzö vdrmes mgtngtes jn rnfntds kdstd ielrdr ehtngnr prejuftes amgdins feg tejds ids fdrdftnrãstmfds nspnrdjds fece snr? feier, sdher, frmstdimzdfmög, lrdje jn jnrrntmcmngte y eier.

  Vn rndimzö ni pidgtndcmngte jn dhdstnfmcmngte jn cdtnrmdins pnrmöjmfdcngtn y id

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cntejeielãd jn id jmstrmhufmög jni prejufte amgdi, ni dhdstnfmcmngte jn ies cdtnrmdins ng su tetdimjdj fece snr ni rnqunrmcmngte jn iäftnes seg jn mgjustrmd gdfmegdi prmgfmpdicngtn jni jnpdrtdcngte jn Id Pdz.

  Id jncdgjd sm hmng ge ns fuhmnrtd ng su tetdimjdj tmngn ugd pnrspnftmvd pdrd



snlumr frnfmngje y dcpimdgje id fdpdfmjdj jni preynfte. Fegsmjnrdgje qun sn fuhrmrä ug :>% jn id jncdgjd mgsdtmsanfkd feg ug dprevnfkdcmngte jn 4 turge sehrn id fdpdfmjdj mgstdidjd jn :41 ugmjdjns/turge, jegjn ng ug prmcnr dôe jn nbnfufmög jni preynfte sn utmimzdrd ug >0% jn id fdpdfmjdj y fegaercn vdyd

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Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

frnfmngje id jncdgjd sn pnrcmtmrä id jmspesmfmög jn id fdpdfmjdj prejuftmvd ge utmimzdjd.

  Ies rnsuitdjes ehtngmjes d pdrtmr jn id nvdiudfmög jni nstdje jn rnsuitdjes pure

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ges jncunstrd id rngtdhmimjdj jni augfmegdcmngte jni jmsnôe jn id iãgnd jn  prejuffmög, dgdimzdjes d pdrtmr jn jes pugtes jn vmstd2 mgmfmdicngtn smg fegsmjnrdr ug amgdgfmdcmngte nxtnrge feg ug QDG jn $us 64.8>1 y ugd ZMX jn 88,60%, Id rnidfmeg hngnamfme feste XHF ns 4,61 ie qun smlgmamfd qun ni vdier jn ies hngnamfmes ns cdyer d ies festes jni preynfte per ie qun sn dfnptd ids mgvnrsmegns jnhmje d qun nxmstng hngnamfmes.

  Fegsmjnrdgje ug amgdgfmdcmngte nxtnrge feg ug QDG jn $us 6=.;>%, rnfecngjdgje id punstd ng cdrfkd jni preynfte puns sn dsnlurd id rnfupnrdfmög jn id mgvnrsmög. Id rnidfmög hngnamfme feste XHF 4,8: ie qun smlgmamfd qun per fdjd ugmjdj jn vdier cegntdrme sn tngjrä ug rnterge jni fdpmtdi mgvnrtmje y ugd ldgdgfmd jn 0,8: ng fegsnfungfmd nstn preynfte rnsuitd dtrdftmve.   Ies jdtes cunstrdg qun ns sestngmhin id rndimzdfmög jni preynfte, fucpimngje ug



ehbntmve fecòg ng id lngnrdfmög jn ncpine, fdpdfmtdfmög y snlumcmngte jn ug  preynfte rngtdhin. Fegfiuyngje qun id nbnfufmög jni preynfte ns rngtdhin, puns sn dsnlurd id rnfupnrdfmög jn id mgvnrsmög y ngrmqunfmcmngte jn ies sefmes mgvnrsmegmstds.

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Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

Jmsnôe jn ugd Iãgnd jn Prejuffmög

HMHIMELXDAÃD  4.  DINBDGJXE JN CML^NI FDHXNXD, 8046. Nidherdfmög jn knidjes. 4rd nj. MF Njmtermdi. 8.  HEIMQMD, Cmgmstnrme jn Cnjmd Dchmngtn y Dlud. Jnfrnte Vuprnce G° 6>:=, 8 jn cdye jn 804;. 6.  HEIMQMD, Cmgmstnrme jn Cnjmd Dchmngtn y Dlud. Iny G° >. Iny jn Lnstmög Mgtnlrdi jn Xnsmjues, 4= jn eftuhrn jn 8041. :.  HEIMQMD, Cmgmstnrme jn Cnjmd Dchmngtn y Dlud. Iny G°46662 Iny jni Cnjme Dchmngtn, 86 jn cdrze jn 4==8. >.  JDGMNI CDXZMGNR PNJXEV, DXZNCME CMIID L^ZMÍXXNR, 8048. Dgäimsms jni ngterge, 4rd nj. Cdjrmj, Njmfmegns Jãdz jn Vdgtes V.D. 1.  NI JNHNX NFEGECÃD, 804;. Frnfmcmngte nfegöcmfe, HC cdgtmngn frnfmcmngte jn Heimvmd ng 6.=%