Protection &

Krishna Prasad

© ABB Power Automation - 1 2004-06-07

ABB Switzerland

Protection & Substation Automation Seminar PGCB April 2004

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© ABB Power Automation - 2 2004-06-07

List of content n

Overview of Protection concepts

n

Advanced Power System Management

n

Substation Automation: Conventional to modern SA

n

Bay Control Solutions

n

Substation Automation System

n

Substation Monitoring System

n

Redundancy and Availability

n

Questions and Answers

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Basic Changes in Protection due to technology. Substation Automation Copper wiring

Fiber optic connection.

STATIC RELAY

© ABB Power Automation - 3 2004-06-07

Copper wiring

BINARY INFORMATION - Binary signals

NUMERICAL RELAY

Copper wiring

NUMERICAL INFORMATION - Binary signals - Parameters - Measurements - Events - Samples

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Numerical Protections -Signal data flow Voltage or Current

S

A/I

MUX

H

Analog to digital conversion

A/D

Central Processing Unit

COM

DSP

I> U< Z< 1 DiffGen on 2 Current on

COM

MMI SCS/ SMS

Numerical signal processing

3 BinInp 2 off

Digital Signal Processor

etc. © ABB Power Automation - 4 2004-06-07

Trip

B/I

etc.

Binary signal B/O processing

Binary Inputs Binary output - Trip relays etc

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Application

Station Automation System LON SPA IEC 870-5-103 IEC 1375

Line protection

SoftTransformer protection

ware Human-machinecommunication

Generator protection

R

Lib-

C E

© ABB Power Automation - 5 2004-06-07

Control

rary

IEC 1375 Automation

Remote Input/Output Unit

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Basic changes Consequences:

© ABB Power Automation - 6 2004-06-07

•Hardware platforms with software library of functions

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REG316*4

Generator Protection

RET316*4

Transformer Protn.

REL316*4

Control Terminal

Line Protection

M

G © ABB Power Automation - 7 2004-06-07

REC316*4

Generation

Transmission

Distribution

Load

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Hardware concept Compact Design Flexible input and output configuration

5

Open communication strategy

7 4 4 4 4 3 21 6

1) Analog input unit up to 9 transformers 2) Digital/Optical unit

© ABB Power Automation - 8 2004-06-07

3) CPU with serial port 4) Binary input/output unit R

C

5) Communication PCMCIA

E

6) Mother Board 7) Power Supply

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Software concept CPU Capacity I> 51

© ABB Power Automation - 9 2004-06-07

I 87 L P> 50

I 60

3 I0 67N

I TH 49

I 87 L

U 60

U >> 59

U> 59

U< 27

Ucos 78

P 51

© ABB Power Automation - 47 2004-06-07

I 87 L P> 50

I 60

3 I0 67N

I TH 49

I 87 L

U 60

U >> 59

U> 59

U< 27

Ucos 78

P

U

1

U

>

A

+U26

s F

<

+U25

+U26

B

T

Line Feeder and Bus Coupler Bays

O

E

S

C

M

E

N

O

M

F

4

F

5

1

U

+U30 +U30

+U34 +U34

+U38 +U38

800mm 800mm

n

Base Package

n

Add-on Enhanced SF6 Alarm

n

Customize Package (Special crank handle for earthing switches)

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Conclusion: The Technical Concept BCS59x (1) n

n

© ABB Power Automation - 61 2004-06-07

n

Function Packaging n

Make re-use possible

n

Customizing of the solution by using standard packages

Scalable n

From conventional to modern

n

From base to add-on packages

n

=> same concept for all kind of applications

BCM800 Mimic n

Guided HMI and Emergency HMI

n

=> High reliable and safety operation

n

Completely commissioned and type tested in factory

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Conclusion: The Technical Concept BCS59x (2)

© ABB Power Automation - 62 2004-06-07

n

Premium Functionality n

REC316*4 (Control, Monitoring,Backup Protection,LON Bus

n

Seamless integration in SA System

n

Unlimited IO with RIO580

n

Touch Screen Enhanced Monitoring (Control and Protection)

n

=> Minimize maintenance and operational cost for the customer

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© ABB Power Automation - 63 2004-06-07

List of content n

Advanced Power System Management

n

Substation Automation: Conventional to modern SA

n

Bay Control Solutions

n

Substation Automation System

n

Substation Monitoring System

n

Redundancy and Availability

n

Questions and Answers



© ABB Power Automation - 64 2004-06-07

List of content n

Advanced Power System Management

n

Substation Automation: Conventional to modern SA

n

Bay Control Solutions

n

Substation Automation System

n

Substation Monitoring System

n

Redundancy and Availability

n

Questions and Answers



© ABB Power Automation - 65 2004-06-07

List of content n

Advanced Power System Management

n

Substation Automation: Conventional to modern SA

n

Bay Control Solutions

n

Substation Automation System

n

Substation Monitoring System

n

Redundancy and Availability

n

Questions and Answers



Increase of availability Two parameters to increase the availability

© ABB Power Automation - 66 2004-06-07

A=

n

Increase MTTF

n

Reduce MTTR

MTTF MTTF + MTTR

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Increase of availability Increase MTTF: n

High quality components and subsystems

n

Reduce number of components

n

Redundancy where it makes sense

© ABB Power Automation - 67 2004-06-07

n

n

only critical system part should be designed redundant

n

redundant parts means also higher costs in hardware and engineering

n

redundant parts means also higher maintenance costs

Distributed system architecture increases system availability (system with ‘graceful degradation’ or functional redundancy)

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Increase of availability

© ABB Power Automation - 68 2004-06-07

Critical System Parts (MTBF) n

Event printer

8’000h

n

Personal computer

22’500h

n

Ethernet Switch

100’000h

n

Industrial computer

125’000h

n

PLC

150’000h

n

Protection IED

870’000h

n

Star coupler

925’000h

n

Ethernet Hub

1’040’000h

n

Optical connection

11’750’000h

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Increase of availability Reduce MTTR Self supervision, diagnostics available

© ABB Power Automation - 69 2004-06-07

Repair time n

only with a short repair time a system increases the availability

n

all parts also the redundant parts must be supervised, on a fault the system will not crash, but must be repaired

n

to provide a very short repair time spare parts must be available (e.g. same HW platform for control and protection IEDs is an advantage concerning number of spare parts)



Conclusion Redundancy Chart Availability MTTF for repair Costs

Redundancy at the correct place

© ABB Power Automation - 70 2004-06-07

To increase the system availability significant parts with the lowest MTTF should be redundant first. More components cause a shorter interval to repair faulty parts and increases investment as well as maintenance costs.

number of redundant components

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Enhanced SAS - SAS530 Standard Hard Copy Printer

Event Printer

Workplace

GPS

Station Computer / HMI

Service Modem

Alarm Unit

Tele Communication

Remote Access

Option Bay Level

Gateway Printer Server

Ethernet (TCP/IP)

LON Bus Star Coupler

Front-end

© ABB Power Automation - 71 2004-06-07

IEC60870-5-103

ABB IEDs for Protection and Control

Third Party IEDs

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© ABB Power Automation - 72 2004-06-07

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Conventional and Modern Architecture

© ABB Power Automation - 73 2004-06-07

Modern Architecture

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ABB SAS Components n

© ABB Power Automation - 74 2004-06-07

n

Station Computer n

PC Industrial

n

Optional with redundant power supply and redundant hard disk

n

Redundant configuration (Hot stand-by) possible

Gateway n

Modular design

n

Parallel processing

n

Industrial HW

n

Redundant power supply as option

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ABB SAS Components

© ABB Power Automation - 75 2004-06-07

n

LON Star Coupler RER111 n

highest reliability due to

n

Only optical connections

n

No intelligent function

n

No fan

n

Optional redundant power supply

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ABB SAS Components

Gateway Star Coupler Station Computer /HMI

Protection IED

Control IED

© ABB Power Automation - 76 2004-06-07

Star Coupler

Protection IED

Segment 2

Control IED

Segment 1

GPS Receiver

n

Distributed architecture

n

Seamless integration of control and protection IEDs

n

HMI and Gateway independent

n

All connections with glass fiber optic, star configuration

n

Segmentation supported

RER111

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ABB SAS Components

© ABB Power Automation - 77 2004-06-07

Glass fiber

n

Independent Master clock (does not rely on station computer or gateway)

n

Direct connected to the interbay bus

n

All connections with glass fiber optic cable

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ABB SAS Components LON BUS

n

n

Control IED n

High reliable hardware (based on protection IEDs)

n

Optical interbay bus connection

Backup mimic

© ABB Power Automation - 78 2004-06-07

n

Works independent of the control IED in the emergency mode

Primary Equipment Solution Library



Architecture Comparison ABB System GPS GW

BCU Star coupler

SC, HMI

Prot

Time sync. loop

Competitor System GPS HMI

Hub

Patch Panel

Hub

Surge prot.

GW, SC

Surge prot.

Hub

Patch Panel BCU

© ABB Power Automation - 79 2004-06-07

HMI

Hub

Patch Panel

Hub

Surge prot.

GW: Gateway SC: Station Computer HMI: Human Machine Interface BCU: Bay Control Unit Prot.: Protection Device GPS: GPS Receiver for time synchronisation

GW, SC

Surge prot.

Hub

Prot

Patch Panel

Coax Cable Serial electrical cable

Fibre Optic Cable

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© ABB Power Automation - 80 2004-06-07

ABB SAS Solutions n

High reliable bay control unit (same HW as for protection)

n

Local Mimic as emergency backup

n

High reliable star coupler with optional redundant power supply

n

Time synchronisation independent of the station level

n

Station HMI and Gateway are independent

n

All communication from bay level up to the station level is using glass FO only (no media conversion)

n

Minimal number of components in line

n

Integration of protection IED independent of bay control unit

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© ABB Power Automation - 81 2004-06-07

Questions and Answers

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© ABB Power Automation - 82 2004-06-07

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