Protagonismo y Liderazgo Indígena

 

U^F@MQF^8 _BJI C]M^^M^F AIWMG^I8 U]MNBFQ OKGÄCMKIQ _ QOQWMDI H]^ÄGOAF U^FWICFKOQDF _ BOGM^IXCF OKGÄCMKI Mk bfs gmnitms sfnrm mb pfgmr y bis hmrirquäis gm afkfaodomktf mk bfs prfamsfs gm tr trik iks` s`fr frdi diao aoñk ñk gm bis bis rmbi rmbiao aofk fkms ms gmb gmb Msti Mstigf gf y bfs bfs pumn pumnbf bfs s okgä okgäcm cmki kis, s, bfs bfs iktrfpñbfcfs lik sogf oksporigfs pfr uki ïtoai gm ozquomrgi pfr bi bonmriaoñk qum, iukqum smi nomk oktmkaofkigi, li sogf itokigidmktm oktmrpmbigi pfr mb iatovosdf okgäcmki frcikozigf mk Idïroai Bitoki (Libm, >55555559>: >59>: Bucfkms Bucfkms,>5 ,>59=: 9=: ^ippip ^ippipfrt, frt, >59=: >59=: Pirmsm Pirmsm,, Gmbcigf Gmbcigf & Dmymr, Dmymr, >55555 sm mbocomrfk bfs trms rmprmsmktiktms okgäcmkis i bi  Isidnbmi Kiaofkib,  Isidnbmi Kiaofkib, rmsubtikgf mbmatfs bfs aikgogitfs aikgogitfs gmb Afksmhf Kiaofkib Kiaofkib Okgof gm Pmkmzumbi (AFKOPM). Igmdés, sm mbocomrfk falf bmcosbigfrms mk bfs mstigfs afk pfnbiao pfnbiaoñk ñk okgäcmki okgäcmki y bfs afkamhib afkamhibms ms gm bis aorauks aorauksarop aropaofk aofkms ms dukoaopi dukoaopibms bms (Afksmhf Kiaofkib Mbmatfrib). Ufr ftri pirtm, bis rmbiaofkms mktrm bfs _ikfdido y bfs arofbbfs y icmktms gmb msti mstigf gf mr mrik ik dés dés nomk nomk msai msaisi sis s y sm gini ginik k prok prokao aopi pibd bdmk mktm tm mk mb tmrr tmrrot otfr frof of _ikf _i kfdid dido. o. Wris Wris bi prfdu prfdubc bcia iaoñk oñk gm bi bmy gm govoso govosoñk ñk pfbäto pfbätoaf af-tm -tmrro rrotfr tfroib oib sm oktmkso`oairfk bfs aidnofs y yi mk bfs okoaofs gmb socbf \\O bis rmbiaofkms gm bfs yikfdido afk icmktms cunmrkidmktibms cunmrkidmktibms sm lik vostf dubtopboaigis dubtopboaigis y tomkmk bucir  `umri gmb dosdf8 tiktf mk Bi Msdmribgi, bi aipotib gmb dukoaopof gmb Ibtf Frokfaf, afdf mk Qik Airbfs gm ^äf Kmcrf, bi aipotib gmb dukoaopof ^äf Kmcrf, isä afdf mk Uumrtf Iyiaualf, bi aipotib gmb mstigf. Mk pfafs iùfs sm li pisigf gm uki aomrti okvosonobogig gm bfs _ikfdido i uki prmsmkaoi odpfrtiktm, mk ibcukis ïpfais rmibdmktm kftinbm gm bfs _ikfdido mk bi msamki rmcofkib gmb Mstigf Idizfkis. Qudigf i mstm iudmktf gm bi prmsmkaoi rmib, kf liy qum fbvogir ftris `frdis mk bis qum bfs _ikfdido msték prmsmktms mk bi vogi pfbätoai rmcofkib y kiaofkib gmb piäs, iukqum smi gm uki dikmri uk tiktf vortuib. Pirofs Piro fs iutf iutfrm rms s lik lik gmsa gmsaro rotf tf af afdf df bfs bfs pumn pumnbf bfs s okgä okgäcm cmki kis s humc humcik ik uk pipm pipmbb odpfrtiktm mk bfs gosaursfs gm rm`ukgiaoñk gm bi sfaomgig kiaofkib afdf rmaursf sodnñboaf.. Bi odpfrtikaoi sodnñboaf odpfrtikaoi gm bfs okgäcmkis okgäcmkis afdf rmaursf sodnñboaf sodnñboaf gmb mstigf mstigf kf sfbf sm prmsmkti mk uk rmcostrf gosaursovf. Ilfri tidnoïk `frdik pirtm odpfrtiktm gm uki mstïtoai ogmfbñcoai, piri gmaorbf gm ibcuki dikmri, pums ilfri ms duy afdøk afdø k mkafktri mkafktrirr `ftfs `ftfs y gonuhfs gonuhfs gm _ikfdid _ikfdidoo afdf mbmdmktfs mbmdmktfs mstobäst mstobästoafs oafs y tmdét tmd étoa oafs fs airia airiatm tmräs rästoa toafs fs mk uk kumvf kumvf topf topf gm punbo punboao aogig gig gm bfs bfs go`mrm go`mrmktm ktms s prfcridis cunmrkidmktibms qum trinihik afk pumnbfs okgäcmkis. Bfs _ikf Bfs _ikfdi dido do sfk sfk isä isä uk mhmd mhmdpb pbf f abir abirf f gm vmkmz mkmzfb fbik ikfs fs qum qum lik lik sogf ogf lostñroaidmktm mxabuogfs gm bfs isuktfs pønboafs y qum ilfri, y criaois i bi

 

Afkstotuaoñ Afkstot uaoñk, k, pumgmk pumgmk pirtoaop pirtoaopir ir supumst supumstidmk idmktm tm afdf aougigik aougigikfs fs afk pbmkfs pbmkfs gmrmalfs. Gmsgm mb puktf gm vosti gm bi pirtoaopiaoñk pirtoaopiaoñk pfbätoai gm bfs _ikfdido _ikfdido mktmkgogi mk uk smktogf idpbof, ms gmaor, pmksikgf mk mb ‒afkhuktf gm iaaofkms y iatovogigms rm rmibo ibozi zigis gis pfr pfr sus afdu afdukog kogig igms ms y frci frcikoz kozia iaofk ofkms ms piri piri bfcrir bfcrir su nomkms nomkmsti tir  r  afbmatovf y mb rmspmtf rmspmtf i sus gmrmalfs— pfgmdfs gma gmaor or qum mk pfafs iùfs ibcukfs ibcukfs gm mbbfs lik iprmkgogf i siair pirtogf gmb prfticfkosdf aoraukstikaoib qum ilfri tomkmk8 Kf sfk pfais bis vmams qum lik afksmcuogf iaamgmr i aomrtfs nmkm`oaofs. Qok mdnircf, mstis mxpmromkaois, tiktf bis kmcitovis afdf bis pfsotovis, cmkmrik sotuiaof sotu iaofkms kms qum dualis dualis vmams vmams sm prmsmkti prmsmkti afdf ibtidmk ibtidmktm tm afktrig afktrigoatf oatfrois rois,, y msték bmhfs gm iamrairsm ib afktmxtf gm rmbiaofkms qum mb mstigf iktm bi sfaomgig dubtoïtkoai y pburoaubturib gm gmrmalfs afkstotuaofkibms iatuibms prfpfkmk. ]ki gm bis diyfrms go`oaubtigms i bi lfri gm mvibuir msti rmibogig gmsgm uki pmrspmatovi arätoai afkstruatovi msté mk mb lmalf gm qum sm triti gm sotuiaofkms duy lmtmrfcïkmis, lmtmrfcïkmis, pfsotovis y kmcitovis, y sfk dés nomk prfamsfs mk dirali8 ms uk dfdmktf lostñroaf sudidmktm gokédoaf qum msté tfgiväi liaoïkgfsm. Bf aomrtf ms qum ilfr ilfri, i, mk abir abiri i go`m go`mrm rmka kaoi oi afk afk mb pisi pisigf gf rma rmaomkt omktm, m, bfs bfs gmrm gmrma alfs lfs afkstotuaofkibms gm bfs Uumnbfs okgäcmkis mk bi rmvfbuaoñk Nfboviroiki kf sfk sodn sodnñb ñboa oafs fs ko vort vortui uibm bms8 s8 sf sfk k duy duy rmib rmibms ms:: i pm pmsi sirr gm qum qum mk dual dualfs fs aisf aisfs s pmrdikmzaik tfgiväi mk uk mstigf gm bitmkaoi prmfaupiktm. I pmsir gm tfgf, bis mx mxpmr pmromk omkaoi aois s gm bfs bfs _ikf _ikfdid didoo qum qum sm dumvm dumvmk k mk mb msam msamki kirof rof gm bi pfbät pfbätoai oai rmcofkib iatuib, msté somkgf tfdigi pfr mbbfs afdf uki vmrgigmri msaumbi priatoai gm `frdiaoñk pfbätoai. Mk ms mstm tm smkto smktogf gf,, afdf afdf mx mxpr prms msoñk oñk gm bfs gmrma gmrmalfs lfs pfbät pfbätoaf oafs s gm bfs pumn pumnbfs bfs okgäcm okg äcmki kis, s, mb irtä irtäaub aubf f 9559) qum mri uki iktocui isporiaoñk gm bis frcikoziaofkms: bi Bmy Iprfnitfroi gmb Afkvmkof Afkstotutovf gmb @fkgf piri mb Gmsirrfbbf gm bfs Uumnbfs Okgäcmkis gm Idïroai

 

Bitoki y Mb Aironm (>55>) afdf uki ibtmrkitovi ib `okikaoidomktf gm prfymatfs: bi gosausoñk y iprfniaoñk gm bi Bmy Frcékoai gm Uumnbfs y Afdukogigms Okgäcmkis (> (>55= 55=)) afdf afdf proka prokaopi opibb okstr okstrudm udmkt ktf f bmci bmcibb frgmk frgmkig igf f pfr pfr bi Afkst Afkstotu otuaoñ aoñk k piri piri gmsirrfbbir bfs gmrmalfs okgäcmkis mk Pmkmzumbi: bi Bmy gm Ogofdis Okgäcmkis (> (>55 5505 >05 gm bi Afkst Afkstotu otuao aoñk, ñk, bi Bmy Frcékoai piri bi Mbmaaoñk gm bfs y bis ^mprmsmktiktms Okgäcmkis, y bi Bmy gm  Irtmsikfs  Irtmsik fs y Irtmsikis Irtmsikis Okgäcmkis, Okgäcmkis, tfgis mstis okoaoitovis mbinfrig mbinfrigis is prfguatf prfguatf gm gosausofkms pønboais afbmatovis. Mstm idpbof m okaumst okaumstofki ofkinbm nbm gmsirrf gmsirrfbbf bbf bmcib bmcib li sogf rmafkfaogf rmafkfaogf i go`mrmkt go`mrmktms ms kovmbms afdf ukf gm bfs bfcrfs dés odpfrtiktms gmb iatuib prfamsf gm aidnofs mk Pmkmzumbi. Igmdés, li sogf gmstiaigf kf sñbf pfr bi viromgig y idpbotug gm bis kfrdis, sokf pfrqum bfs afktmkogfs sm afrrmspfkgmk afk bfs ivikams mk ditmroi gm gmrmalfs okgäcmkis mk tfgf mb édnotf bitokfidmroaikf y dukgoib. Bi diyfräi gm bfs ok`frdms kiaofkibms m oktmrkiaofkibms afksubtigfs, liamk rm`mrmkaoi ib rmafk rma fkfa faodo odomkt mktf f gm bfs ivika ivikams ms kfrdi kfrditov tovfs fs m okstot okstotuao uaofki fkibms bms mk ditmro ditmroi i gm gmrmalfs gm bfs pumnbfs okgäcmkis mk Pmkmzumbi. Qmcøk mb fnhmtovf mstritïcoaf gm ivikzir iambmrigidmktm mk bi afkstruaaoñk gmb kumvf dfgmbf gmdfarétoaf gm pirtoaopiaoñk pfpubir, sm gmstiaik afdf bfcrfs bi afk`frdiaoñk gm afksmhfs afdukibms okgäcmkis, mb `okikaoidomktf gm prfymatfs afdukibms, sfaoibms y prfguatovfs, y bi afkstotuaoñk gm bi @mgmriaoñk gm Afksmhfs Afdukibm Afdu kibms s Okgäcmk Okgäcmkis is ^mvfbua ^mvfbuaofki ofkirofs rofs ‒Aiaoqu ‒Aiaoqum m Cuioaio Cuioaiopurf purf—, —, qum rmibozñ rmibozñ mb Urodm Urodmrr Afkc Afkcrms rmsf f gm Pfam Pfamrfs rfs y Pfam Pfamris ris gm bfs bfs Afksm Afksmhfs hfs Afduk Afdukib ibms ms gm bfs Uumnbfs Okgäcmkis afk isostmkaoi gm 1=5 pmrsfkis. Ufr su pirtm, bi Dmdfroi y Aumkti gmb iùf >55595, mb Dokostmrof gm Uumnbfs Okgäcmkis rmpfrti uk `okikaoidomktf gm 3= prfymatfs i afksmhfs afdukibms, gosarodokigfs mk bis dosdis érmis sfaof prfguatovis, icui pftinbm m ok`rimstruaturi. Qok mdnircf, rmsubti kmamsirof gmstiair qum bi prmsmkaoi prmsmkaoi gm bfs pirtogfs pfbätoafs mk bis bualis pfr bis rmovokgoaiaofkms okgäcmkis li afktronuogf afk bi govosoñk, dikopubiaoñk y gmnobotidomktf gm bfs bogmrizcfs okgäcmkis mk Pmkmzumbi. Mk mb aisf gm bfs wiyuu sm li fnsmrvigf uk gmnobotidomktf gmnobotidomktf gm bi iutfkfdäi iutfkfdäi pfbätoai gmb crupf `rmktm i bi prmsmkaoi aigi vmz dés `umrtm gm bfs pirtogfs pfbätoafs mk bfs isuktfs rmovokgoaitovfs. Mstm iaao Mstm iaaofk fkir ir pfbä pfbäto toaf af gm dual dualfs fs bägm bägmrrms wiyu wiyuu u li afkt afktro ronu nuog ogf f afk afk bi gmsirtoaubiaoñk gmb dfvodomktf okgäcmki rmcofkib ib `riaaofkir bis bualis y iatuir  gm dikmri okgovoguib iktm bfs rmtfs gm afkstruor uk dfvodomktf iutñkfdf. Bi frcikozi frci koziaoñ aoñk k prfpoi prfpoi gmb pumnbf pumnbf wiyuu, wiyuu, mk dualfs dualfs aisfs, aisfs, msté qumgikgf, qumgikgf, mk rmbiaoñk i bi sunibtmrkogig pfr bi afiaaoñk gm bfs pirtogfs pfbätoafs. Ufr ftrf bigf, gmpmkgmré gm bi aipiaogig frcikozitovi gm bfs _ikfdido piri liamr dés m`matovi y prfticñkoai su pirtoaopiaoñk mk bis ms`mris gm gmnitm y prfamsfs gm tfdi gm gmaosofkms gm bis pfbätoais pønboais qum bms i`matik, yi qum msti vfbuktig, vfbuktig, li sogf dés nomk ipirmktm ipirmktm y i`matovi qum qum rmib y m`matovi. ]ki afsi ms aomrti8 Mb msamkirof pfbätoaf qum sm pbiktmi afk bi Afkstotuaoñk gm bi ^mpønboai Nfbovir Nfbo viroiki oiki gm Pmkmzu Pmkmzumbi mbi cmkmri cmkmri bis afkgoa afkgoaofkm ofkms s gm pfsonob pfsonobogig ogig piri qum mb gmrmalf i bi pirtoaopiaoñk pfbätoai gm bfs _ikfdido sm lici rmibogig. Mk idnfs aisfs, mk bi pirtoaopiaoñk pfbätoai m`matovi socum linomkgf gmdisoigi gostik gos tikao aoi i y kf pfais pfais afkt afktrig rigoaa oaaofk ofkms. ms. Bi sotui sotuiaoñ aoñk k gm dualf dualfs s okgäc okgäcmk mkis is ms pr prmai mairoi roi88 uki uki pfnrm pfnrmzi zi mxtrm mxtrmdi di y ibti ibti dfrti dfrtibog bogig ig,, iukq iukqum um msté msték k oktmc oktmcri rigfs gfs pira pi raoi oibd bdmk mktm tm mk mb sost sostmd mdi i sfao sfaoib ib,, afks afksmr mrvi vik k su afkg afkgoa oaoñ oñk k gm do dosm smro roi. i. Bi Afks Af kstot totua uaoñk oñk gm 9??? 9??? bm li gigf gigf pfr pfr prodm prodmri ri vmz vmz gmrma gmrmalf lfs s i mstm mstm afbma afbmatov tovf, f, iukqum bfs infräcmkms gm bis tomrris vmkmzfbikis kf lik pfgogf pfkmr mk préatoai i pbmkotug sus gmrmalfs, gmnogf i bi supmrvovmkaoi gm uk sostmdi sfaoib abisosti lmrmgmrf gm bi ïpfai afbfkoib mspiùfbi. Mk mb is ispm pmatf atf gmb gmb prft prfticf icfko kosdf sdf y bogmr bogmriz izcf cf okgäcm okgäcmki, ki, gmsgm gmsgm bi iktrfp iktrfpfbf fbfcä cäi i pfbätoai sm li bfcrigf gmtmrdokir bfs aidnofs y bis afktokuogigms qum sm msték gikgf mk bi frcikoziaoñk pfbätoai gm bfs pumnbfs okgäcmkis. Bi rm/gm`okoaoñk, bi kmcfaoiaoñk kmcfaoi aoñk aubturib y bi supmrpfsoaoñk gm mstruaturis pfbätoais sfk gokédoais qum sm fnsmrvik i bf oktmrofr gm bis frcikoziaofkms sfaofpfbätoais mk mb mspiaof urnikf.

 

Wfgf mstf pfr ok`bumkaoi gmb mstigf, bis frcikoziaofkms qum gm mbbi sm gmrovik y bis fr frci ciko kozi ziao aof fkms kms pfbä pfbäto toai ais, s, cmkm cmkmri rikg kgf f tmks tmksof ofk kms mktr mktrm m bfs bfs domd domdnr nrfs fs gm afdukogigms mspmaä`oais y bfs bägmrms, yi qum somktmk qum gm ibcuki dikmri sm msté vubkmrikgf su iutfkfdäi y sus bmyms afksumtugokirois. Bfs pumnbfs okgäcmkis sumbmk afdpirtor uk vibfr abivm8 bi mstrmali rmbiaoñk mktrm su og ogmk mkto togi gig, g, su msto mstobf bf gm vogi vogi y sus sus tomr tomrri ris. s. Iatø Iatøik ik afdf afdf "cui "cuirg rgoi oikm kms" s" f "austfgofs" gm bis tomrris piri bi socuomktm cmkmriaoñk. Umrgmrbis socko`oai pmrgmr bi ogmktogig, ogmktogi g, sotuiaoñk qum vomkm suamgomkgf: suamgomkgf: yi qum lik sogf iprfpoigis, iprfpoigis, vmkgogis, ibquobigis f sodpbmdmktm siqumigis f afktidokigis tiktf pfr mdprmsis provigis afdf afd f pfr pfr mb cfnom cfnomrk rkf. f. Iktm Iktm mstm mstm msamk msamkiro irof, f, vibm vibm bi pmki pmki rm`bmx rm`bmxofk ofkir ir sfnrm sfnrm bi socuomktm socuomkt m sotuiaoñk8 Yuï pipmb humci tfgf mb `ukgidmktf bmcib y afkstotuaofkib afkstotuaofkib qum gmsgm 9??? nusai okabuor i bfs pumnbfs okgäcmkis6

UI^WOAOUIKWMQ8 Igroiki Bñpmz A.O. 95.015.<