CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE INTRODUCTION Rationale of the Study Wikipedia states that a social network is “…a social structure made of nodes (which are generally individuals or organizations) that are tied by one or more specific types of relations…” (Social network, 2007). With the rapid growth of students who use or have access to the internet, social networking websites are a must for the internet community to stay in touch with each other for a purpose of making their learning environment vibrantly indulged in digital innovations. Social networking websites help students keep in touch with their classmates, be acquainted with their latest activities, updated with the trends in learning in any other institution, express their varied views, and many more aspects of the student’s lives. The use of social networking sites has been widespread that they have not only caught the attention of academic researchers worldwide but also student researchers, in particular. Social networking sites are now being investigated by numerous researchers and an increasing number of academic commentators are becoming more and more interested in studying Facebook, Twitter, and other social networking services, because of their probable impact on learning. Most of these sites help strangers connect with others based on shared personal interests, political and economic views, or simply recreational activities. Some sites
2 accommodate distinct viewers, while others attract people based on similarities, such as common languages or shared racial, sexual, religious or nationality-based identities. Nonetheless, social networking sites have only one common goal. It is to encourage new ways to communicate and share information. The researchers chose the topic about the impacts of social networking sites to be studied because it is shown evidently that most of the students in the University of the Visayas College of Nursing use social networking sites as part of their activities done in the internet. Many students always log into their account on Facebook, Friendster, etc. as a part of their everyday routine. Could you imagine the number of all the students logging into these social networking sites, everyday? That would be millions of students logging in social networking sites. The students are the most vulnerable against exploitative acts and other internet flaws. The shroud of anonymity that these sites provide would no less than crippled our future’s hope of producing the best generation that they can offer. These negative impacts of social networking websites on the learning competency of the students’ sounds alarming, hence it is more imperative for us to make a research to present recommendations out of the findings of the study. To what extent could these sites affect students learning competency? The researchers’ goal is to address the aforementioned question and have an indepth study with regards to the extent of these impacts to cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains of learning. OMY
3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY MODEL
COGNITIVE
AFFECTIVE
(KNOWLED GE)
(ATTITUDE) PSYCHOMOT OR (SKILLS)
Figure 1.Bloom’s Taxonomy Model Modeled Behavior
Innate Person
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
Learning Environment Figure 2.Social Learning Theory
4 Theoretical Background A social network is a map of all the relevant ties, relationships and connections between individuals in any part of the world. Social networking sites like Facebook, Myspace, Friendster and many others affect a person in various ways. It enhances changes when it comes to the persons interpersonal and social relationships, some may see it as an outlet for expressing oneself, others use it to keep in touch, keep connected and be informed. The power of social network stems from its difference from traditional sociological studies, which assumes that it is the attributes of individual actors – whether they are friendly or unfriendly, smart or dumb, etc. – that matter. The most affected people in the emergence of these social networking sites are the growing children and adolescents. In fact, these trend affect their lifestyle, it affects their social interaction, and most importantly, their studies. What are the impacts of these social networking sites to the learning competency of a child in terms of his cognitive, affective and psychomotor domain?
Learning competency could be best understood when it is subdivided into three fields. These are cognitive, psychomotor and affective. Cognitive pertains to a person’s mental skills or knowledge. Psychomotor includes manual or physical skills and affective includes growth or attitude. These fields are the three domains that comprise Bloom’s Taxonomy Model. External factors greatly affect the person’s learning competency. The social learning theory of Bandura emphasizes the importance of observing and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. Bandura (1977) states: "Learning
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would be exceedingly laborious, not to mention hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do. Fortunately, most human behavior is learned observationally through modeling: from observing others, one forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed, and on later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for action." The theory stipulates that through empirical study using one’s senses, in observing how people acts and reacts to environmental stimuli, a child develops a sense of information about how to act if he’ll be tangled in the same situation.
This research study wants to figure out what are the impacts, may it be positive or the other way around, of social networking sites to the learning competency of Level I nursing students in terms of cognitive, psychomotor and affective domain.
6 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Impacts of Social Networking Websites
BSN I students of the University of the Visayas
Interview
Modified SelfQuestionnaire
Effects on Domains of Learning: Cognitive Affective Psychomotor
Figure 3. Schematic Diagram of Conceptual Framework
7
THE PROBLEM
This study aims to assess the impact of social networking websites on the learning competency of Level 1 nursing students of the University of the Visayas for the second semester of A.Y.2010-2011 Statement of the Problem Specifically, this study will seek to answer the following queries: 1. What is the profile of Level 1 nursing students in terms of: 1.1 gender; 1.2 age; and 1.3 student classification 2. To what extent is the impact of social networking websites on the learning competency of level I nursing students along the following dimensions of learning: 2.1 cognitive; 2.2 affective; and 2.3 psychomotor 3. What recommendations can be proposed to improve learning competency of Level 1 nursing students through the use of social networking websites?
8 Significance of the Study This study will be initiated in order to find out the impact of social networking sites on the learning competencies of students- how it affects their relations, what are its uses for each individuals and how have they been influenced in their academic performance by these sites. Students. The awareness of the students will be intensified about possible aftermath of using these social networking sites; may it be for better learning competence or the otherwise. Parents. In the same manner, parents will be adhered to monitor the learner’s usage on social networking websites and assess their student’s behavior upon exposure to this site. Parental discretion is a must and they must know what those sites that their children have gone into. Teachers. Teachers will be given information on how to design conducive learning environment having students that are inclined on using computers in the teaching-learning process. Consequently, establishing good rapport among stakeholders in the curriculum will eventually end into productive endeavors diminishing the menace of social networking websites . School administrators. Furthermore, the school administrators will be enlightened that the adverse impacts of social networking websites need to be addressed at once by formulating school policies regulating student’s access to internet café and fostering information campaign aimed at educating students on the ill-effects of social networking websites on their academic and social boundaries.
9 Librarians and library personnel. Moreover, librarians and other library personnel will be aware of students’ possible activities while visiting the internet inside the library and be able to have them closely monitored. Government officials. Government officials will take into account these effects, weigh them reasonably and be able to implement whatever means necessary so as not to put learning competency vulnerable. Developers of social networking sites. The result of this study will make the developers of different social networking sites be more aware of the influences of these sites that they are maintaining and making. Because of this, they will be trying their best to develop a social networking site that will only have good effects to the user especially the learners. Future researchers. This study can help the further studies of future researchers regarding the impacts of social networking sites on the learning competency of students. This can serve as a reference for further improvements to be done in their study.
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS To avoid ambiguity, certain terms used in the study are defined.
Affective. Affective refers to the experience of feeling or emotion. Affective is a key part of the process of our respondents’ interaction with our study.
10 Cognitive. Pertaining to cognition, the process of knowing and, more precisely, the process of being aware, knowing, thinking, learning and judging of the respondents.
Impact. Impact is defined as the effect or impression of the social networking sites to the populations domains of learning.
Internet. It is a worldwide electronic source of information and communication.
Population. Population connotes to the student respondents coming from level 1students in the University of the Visayas College of Nursing for second semester A.Y 2010-2011.
Social Networking Websites or Social Networking Sites. Social network sites are used in
our study as a convenient mean for the respondents to communicate and share their personal and professional experiences with others.
Student Classification. Student classification pertains to the classification of our respondents the first year students of A.Y 2010-2011.
Psychomotor. Is the ability to physically manipulate a tool or instrument such as computer.
CHAPTER 2
RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
The discussion in this chapter provided variety of research studies and discoveries about the effects or impact of social networking sites on the lives of people, interpersonally and socially, it also discusses the negative and positive impact of social networking sites in our studies, in education and also with regards to our day to day living through subject and researchers interaction. It also offers new insights for us students as we walk through the article that organizes the impact of social networking sites in our studies.
A.) Related Literature
.In Social Consequences of the Internet for Adolescents: A Decade of Research (Current Directions in Psychological Science, February 2009), Valkenburg and Peters credit networking sites like Facebook and MySpace for the increase in positive interactions for teens on the internet. They believe that social networking sites have created a more intimate atmosphere where teens and young adults are more likely to connect with peers and discuss personal issues in a positive way. Research can offer a bit of comfort for parents of teens who are concerned about internet use and its effect on relationship skills. Although studies can show the positives of Facebook and MySpace, parents should continue to monitor internet use and activity for teens and young adults and educate adolescents about unsafe internet practices as well as promote face-to-face relationships for teenagers. (Valkenburg et al, 2007)
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Researchers found no connection between time spent on social-networking sites and academic performance. The study, the results of which appear in the latest issue of Information, Communication & Society, included responses from approximately 1,000 first-year students at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Sites such as Facebook and MySpace had no effect on grades, despite how often students used them or how many they used. Eszter Hargittai, associate professor of communication studies and sociology at Northwestern, suggests that the benefits of social-networking sites may cancel out the distractions they pose.” You could go on there and waste your time,” she said. “On the other hand, you can connect with your classmates, get information about homework assignments, get to know people better, and feel more comfortable engaging with them on academic matters.”(Mikam.2008)
Psychologists at the University of Virginia in 2007 found out that those who had positive face-to-face friendships were the same teens and young adults who used social networking sites to deepen and extend relationships. Youth in the study who lacked social skills and positive interactions in real life were more likely to use social networking sites in negative ways such as making threats, posting put-downs and posting inappropriate photos of themselves.
Social networks provide encouragement and support; establish identity with others and fulfil the need to feel included; provide the outlet for some people to establish their need for recognition, social status, control or leadership; provide the necessary control over aspects of lives for those who don't want to be leaders; help establish friends, relationships and the opportunity to interact with others. Conversely, introverted
13
adolescents used online communication to compensate for their lacking of certain social skills. However, along with these characteristics came a stronger motivation to talk online, resulting in more online based friendships. It is interesting to note that the introverts use the internet to compensate for their lack social skills. The studies show how important a user’s perception of internet communication affects their levels of self disclosure. Interpersonal trust is found online through how many the users perceive the other person to be telling the truth. However, with Facebook interaction, things could be different. Research needs to look into how knowing someone directly could directly affect the way in which disclosure, empathy, and trust is built through Facebook. We also see an entirely new set of internet based non-verbal forming. (Web Credible, 2007)
There have been numerous studies on internet based communication concerning romantic relationships, self disclosure, and social networking, this research proposal takes it a step further to look at the social utility of Facebook and the subsequent interplay of real life and on-line life in defining interpersonal romantic relationships. The studies show how important a user’s perception of internet communication affects their levels of self disclosure. Interpersonal trust is found online through how much the users perceive the other person to be telling the truth. However, with Facebook interaction, things could be different. Research needs to look into how knowing someone directly could directly affect the way in which disclosure, empathy, and trust is built through Facebook. We also see an entirely new set of internet based non-verbal forming. While there have been numerous studies on internet based communication concerning romantic relationships, self disclosure, and social networking, this research proposal takes it a step further to look
14 at the social utility of Facebook and the subsequent interplay of real life and on-line life in defining interpersonal romantic relationships. (Valkenburg et al, 2007) . Social networking sites are actually practicing the kinds of 21st century skills we want them to develop to be successful today. Students are developing a positive attitude towards using technology systems, editing and customizing content and thinking about online design and layout. They're also sharing creative original work like poetry and film and practicing safe and responsible use of information and technology. The Web sites offer tremendous educational potential.Interestingly, researchers found that very few students in the study were actually aware of the academic and professional networking opportunities that the Web sites provide. Making this opportunity more known to students, is just one way that educators can work with students and their experiences on social networking sites. ( Greenhow, 2005) Most social networking websites are often designed to fit a certain type of community such as the college community being mirrored by Facebook.com or a music/party community mirrored by MySpace.com. With the rapid growth of social networking web sites and their global scale usage, whatever one feels concerning social networking web sites is irrelevant because social networking web sites are on a popularity rise and are here to stay. Although many people don’t think of it, social networking web sites harbour many dangerous elements and many people are concerned about some major problems that they contain. One such problem is privacy issues. With social net working sites it is easy to retrieve personal information about someone and use it to harm them. In a case with MySpace.com, the availability of being able to customize
15 one’s own site has allowed people to use phishing html code to create phishing profiles that allows that person to access anyone’s profile who have visited the phishing profile. Phishing can often lead to the loss of personal information such as usernames, credit card numbers, and passwords. (Phishing 2007)
B.) Related Studies
In the study conducted by the students from ICFAI BUSINESS SCHOOL in 2007, the social networking sites are gaining a lot of popularity these days with almost all of the educated youth using one or the other such site. These have played a crucial role in bridging boundaries and crossing the seas and enabling them to communicate on a common platform. It has become a popular and a potential mean for them to stay friends with the existing ones and to grow up their social circle at least in terms of acquaintances. The first official social networking web site was Classmates.com which was founded in 1995 (Social Network, 2007). What followed was a slow but steady growth in numbers of social networking websites to the overwhelming number of sites we have today. The reason that social networking websites work so well is that, like their inception, they start of small and then grow exponentially. The site starts off with a few people who then tell their friends about the site, then those friends tell their friends about the site and soon the site is a huge database of users connected by friends, acquaintances, or just random people. The web sites are made to “…allow users to create a "profile" describing themselves and to exchange public or private messages and list other users or groups they are connected to in some way.” (Peter et al, 2006).
16 This in turn causes great privacy issues since that person can now access personal information and to sell it off to marketing companies for a profit. This selling of Information to companies has led to the rise in spam emails that we all receive.Another great issue of concern with social networking web sites is that of child safety. Research has shown that almost three out of every four teenagers who use social networking web sites are at risk due to their lack of using online safety. (Yves Puni, 2008) A lot of the web sites do have an age requirement but it is easily bypassed by the lying about of one’s age. Even if they don’t lie about their age the average age requirement is around fifteen years old. Myspace.com has been specifically targeted for these child safety issues after a sixteen year old girl flew to Tel Aviv, Israel to meet and engage in sexual relations with a twenty year old male whom she had met through MySpace.com. Although a lot of the social networking web sites are trying to implement new ways to keep children safe, MySpace.com included, predators are finding ways around these new implementations and kids are still naive to the fact that not everyone online is who they say they are. (Joly, Karine, 2007) The term, "Social Networking" misleads people to believe they are social being like sitting in front of a computer for hours on end chatting with friends while playing Farmville does not translate into social skills. People become dependent on the technology and forget how to interact with the world around them. Social networks provide an outlet for the socially challenged to express themselves in digital form. Someone's online personality may be completely different from their offline persona, causing chaos when their two "lives" intersect." The negative impact of social networking sites is evident in online dating when the couple meets face-to-face for the first time. Commonly their personalities do not match their self-written descriptions. It is
17 easier to type what someone wants to hear rather than telling the truth. (Joly and Karine, 2007) Information posted on social networks is permanent. When someone posts pictures or videos on the Internet they go viral. When the user deletes a video from his or her social network, someone may have posted it on YouTube already. People post photographs and video files on social networking sites without thinking and the files reappear at the worst possible moments.Facebook and MySpace are excellent resources for human resource managers as it offers revealing information about a candidate's true colors. Most job seekers do not set their profiles to private, leaving an open door to their potential managers. Almost every profile contains embarrassing or compromising information to an employer, such as their political affiliation or religion. Younger generations have a complete disregard for their own privacy, opening doors to unwelcome predators or stalkers. In the study conducted by the students from the Rogationist College of Education in 2007, social networking sites have added entirely new meanings to interpersonal interaction and community. It is the interplay between internet and real life communication and its subsequent effect on interpersonal relationships. Popular social networking websites have bundled many of the internet communication standards such as e-mail, forums, and instant messaging into one resource. However, its usage has become a staple activity in a young adult’s life. While it varies slightly among gender and race groups, overall, young adults (college aged) who have internet access use regularly for some type of social contact. With this mass assimilation into daily life, it has already begun to change the way in which interpersonal relationships are defined. It is one of the, if not the top medium for young adults to “scope out” and “research” potential partners.
18 With Facebook playing a large role in many romantic relationships, it’s important to see how this will continue to shape interpersonal communication in the future. Online romantic relationships, and disclosure through internet communication, we will see what direction research needs to go to find valid conclusions on the interplay of real life and in the development of interpersonal romantic relationships. Internet based communication has been incorporated into the development of interpersonal relationships. Likewise, as popular social networking sites MySpace and Facebook have cropped up over the years, affecting the way in which people communication, so has limited research on the social mediums. It was found that 28% of the students in the study had been deceptive in their internet communication. The students were found to do this through both direct communication using the wall post and private message features as well as indirectly by the viewing of others profiles. (Ellison,2008) Therefore, there’s a possibility that personal romantic beliefs are used more for a conventional relationship than an online-only relationship. While these studies have little relevance to the cultivation of a real life romantic relationship through Facebook, it is important to see the connections and disconnects between real life and internet life. This needs to be developed further to see how much websites are used in the initial stages of romantic relational development compared to usage when the partners have a highly developed real life relationship. Some study found individuals who reported high levels of social and/or dating anxiety were not more likely to use the internet to make online relationships than those who reported lower levels of social or dating anxiety. However, the research did show that certain online media (particularly webcams) are more likely to be used by people with social and dating anxiety symptoms, than those with less. This could play into new research about whether certain features of Facebook are used more
19 so in romantic relational development by social and dating anxious than other features. (Ellison, 2008) The studies show how important a user’s perception of internet communication affects their levels of self disclosure. Interpersonal trust is found online through how much the users perceive the other person to be telling the truth. However, with Facebook interaction, things could be different. Research needs to look into how knowing someone directly could directly affect the way in which disclosure, empathy, and trust is built through Facebook. We also see an entirely new set of internet based non-verbal forming. While there have been numerous studies on internet based communication concerning romantic
relationships,
self
disclosure,
and
social
networking,
this research
proposal takes it a step further to look at the social utility of Facebook and the subsequent interplay of real life and on-line life in defining interpersonal romantic relationships. (Ellison, 2008) There are some reasons why an individual uses a social networking site. The first reason is for them to meet strangers and become friends with them. This type of relationship is what we call a weak interpersonal relationship. Through social networking sites like facebook, the user tends to maintain his weak interpersonal relationship with his online friends because of an easy communication. He can use private messaging, chat rooms, and other method of communicating provided by the website. On the other hand, a strong interpersonal relationship with his offline friends needs time and effort to be maintained. Distance between two users that can change an offline relationship into online relationship is also a reason why an individual uses SNSs. Nearly two-thirds (65%) of respondents said the majority of their friends have a Facebook account, which suggests that many students use the site to stay in touch with their offline friends.
20 Keeping in touch with friends remains the primary reason for site usage across both years in school and gender. With the use of private messaging and chat rooms of this site, students can communicate and maintain a healthy relationship with their friends from far places with ease that takes only a few seconds to complete it. (Vitak , 2008) Social Networking Sites also have negative effects in offline relationships. Some things found in the site can lead to misinterpretation for some people. Because of online messaging or comments that are visible to everyone in the friends list of a user, an offline relationship can be affected or destroyed due to fights that will happen. For example, a jealous boyfriend saw a comment from a mysterious boy posted on the wall of his girlfriend that says intimate words, because of this, the relationship between the girl and his boyfriend can be broken. Another negative effect is, because of posting comments on the wall of a user became much easier, it will also be effortless for other people to spread rumors and gossips that can destroy a life of an individual. As a larger percentage of communication moves into the digital arena, we will see a general weakening of ties between people. This weakening will be less pervasive among a person’s closest circle of friends and more obvious among lesser friends, as digital communication will become the primary mode of communication in these relationships. (Boyd, 2008) The research on learning in informal (online) learning networks and communities concludes that social media applications provide easy, fast and efficient ways to access a great diversity of information and situated knowledge. They also provide learners with opportunities to develop their competences in collaboration with other learners, practitioners and stakeholders. Additionally, they allow individuals to acquire competences in a holistic manner, embedded in real-life contexts; and effectively and efficiently support competence building in a lifelong learning continuum. Research on
21 informal learning activities in online networks and communities further suggests that informal Learning 2.0 strategies facilitate the development of key competences for the 21st century. (AlaMutka, 2010) Research lines point to the fact that social media can lead to innovations in our different dimensions. Firstly, social media allow learners to access a vast variety of (often freely available) learning content, which supports learning and professional development in a lifelong learning continuum; contributes to equity and inclusion and puts pressure on Education and Training institutions to improve the quality and availability of their learning material. Secondly, social media allow users to create digital content themselves and publish it online, giving rise to a huge resource of user-generated content from which learners and teachers can mutually benefit, also encouraging more active and pro-active approaches to learning. Thirdly, social media connect learners with one another, and to experts and teachers, allowing them to tap into the tacit knowledge of their peers and have access to highly specific and targeted knowledge in a given field of interest. Fourthly, social media support collaboration between learners and teachers on a given project or a joint topic of interest, pooling resources and gathering the expertise and potential of a group of people committed to a common objective. These four dimensions (content, creation, connecting and collaboration) have been labelled as the four C's of Learning 2.0 in IPTS research. (Christine Redecker, and Yves Puni, 2010) In the study conducted by the researchers at the University of Sto. Tomas in 2006, they have discovered the educational benefits of social networking sites such as MySpace and Facebook. The same study found that low-income students are in many ways just as technologically proficient as their counterparts, going against what results from previous studies have suggested. The study found that, of the students observed, 94 percent used
22 the Internet, 82 percent go online at home and 77 percent had a profile on a social networking site. When asked what they learn from using social networking sites, the students listed technology skills as the top lesson, followed by creativity, being open to new or diverse views and communication skills. Conclusion: To sum it all, social networking sites have really great influence to the interpersonal relationship to human beings, in work, in education or in other field of studies. They have negative and positive effects or impacts in our lives depending on how we use them. Some of the positive impacts are being open to new opportunities or diverse views and communication skills, being able to communicate with your relatives or families who are away from you and also being able to search and navigate topics who are related to the students education, while on the other hand it can somehow affect other relationships and the lives of students when they use it in a wrong way and abuse the use of social networking sites instead of using it in a good and useful manner.
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURES This chapter unfolds the design that will be used in the study, the site where the research will be conducted, the informants who will participate, the sampling method to be used, the research instrument/s to utilize and the data gathering procedures to undertake. Research Design
The researchers will use qualitative phenomenological research design. The goal of qualitative phenomenological research is to describe a "lived experience" of a phenomenon. As this is a qualitative analysis of narrative data, methods to analyze its data must be quite different from more traditional or quantitative methods of research. Participants describe their living phenomenal experience to gather phenomenological data. Researchers will use interview to gather participants description without suggesting anything to get what the researcher is looking for, researcher will also use questionnaire to gather data. Participants can describe through written or oral report.
Environment
The study will be conducted at University of the Visayas Banilad Campus. This institution is recognized as non- government and non- profit school. It has its hospital within its campus, Vicente Gullas Medical Center (VGMC). It is strategically located along Banilad, Mandaue City.
24 The University of the Visayas, Banilad Campus has several colleges that accommodate students, which includes College of Medicine, College of Dentistry, College of Midwifery and College of Nursing. The researchers selected the College of Nursing Level I. The researchers want to know the effects of social networking sites to the learning competency of Level I UVCN students. The University of the Visayas has its own mission and vision. Vision The University of the Visayas is a center of excellence that inspires faith in the Almighty God, Love, Leadership and Service to Humanity. Mission With its commitment to the ideals of love, leadership and service and the development of new breed of leaders who are morally upright and spiritually inspired, the University of the Visayas operates and maintains educational program which naturalistic and democratic and attuned to nationally and internationally accepted standards. While it nurtures academic excellence, it also works for the enhancement of high level professions and middle level careers relevant to the community development and the socio-economic needs of the country.
25 Informants The research informants will the first year nursing students of the University of the Visayas College of Nursing Banilad, Mandaue City, male and female, aged below 18 years old, enrolled in the school year 2010-2011 second semester, more preferably students who use Facebook and other social networking sites at regular basis. The study will exclude the second year, third year and fourth year students of the university. Sampling design The sampling design to be used in the study is the non-probability sampling design; purposive sampling method wherein subjects are selected for some characteristics. The researchers will make use of sound decision making and sound judgement in the choice of the respondents. This is the preferred sampling method in order to ensure the validity and accuracy of the results. Research Instrument The main instrument used in the study was the modified self-made questionnaire on determining the impact of social networking websites on the learning competency among Level-I UVCN students. Each research informant will sign a consent form to participate in the study. To obtain the data needed in the study, the researchers will use self-made questionnaire that consists the demographic profile of the respondents which included age, gender and student classification. The informants will also be interviewed
26 (one on one interview) using an audio recorder to provide privacy and to promote their confidence in answering the questions. Data gathering procedures I. Preliminary Procedures A transmittal letter will be forwarded to the Dean of the College of Nursing and to the Level I Chairman to ask permission to conduct the study. A letter of introduction will be given to the subjects wherein the procedures of data gathering and the purpose of the study were clearly stated. Respondents are not being forced to participate in the study; they have given the freedom to refuse and/or to participate. I. A minimum of 8 respondents, interviewed personally were selected according to the eligibility criteria. These are the following: a. Level I nursing students of the University of the Visayas b. Level I students who are fresh graduates c. Students aged not more than 18 years old d. Students who use social networking sites at a regular basis. II. Actual data gathering procedure Selected participants of the study will undergo one on one interview. Questions are formulated so that data relevant to concepts and points of interest are discussed and obtained. Statistical Treatment Among eight (8) informants, the researchers will choose four key informants who will provide the most substantial and significant information in relation to the study.
27 Bibliography A. Books Maureen P. Mikuleky, RN, MA and Cathleen Ledford, RN, MS. (2005) “Computers in Nursing, Hospital and Clinical Applications”. Chapter 1 pages 4-5. Harris, K. (2008) “The Internet and Social Relationships”. Harris K. (2008) “Using Social Networking Sites as a Student Engagement tools”.
B. Journals “Social Networking the Safe Way”.Bato Balani for Science and Technology.28,pages4-5. C. Internet References http://www.scribd.com/doc/27327211/The-Influence-of-Social-Networking-Sites-to Interpersonal-Relationships-of-the-Students-of-Rogationist-College-High-SchoolDepartment-S-Y-2009-2010 http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Students-And-The-Effects-Of-Social/369336 http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Effects-Of-Social-Networking-On-Society/546276 Dwyer, C.(2009) “Digital relationship in the „MySpace‟ generation: results from a quantitative study”. September 12, 2009 http://www.cdw
[email protected]. Lenhart, A. (2009) “Social networking websites and teens”. September 12, 2009 http://www.peinternet.org?pDF?n 27198?report_display.asp. Nauert, R (2009) “Social network jealousy”. September 26, 2009 http://psychcentral.com/news/ 2009/08/07/social-network-may-foster-jealousy/7616.html. Boyd, D. and N Ellison. (2009) “Social networking sites: definition, history, and scholarship” September 1, 2009 .http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/boyd.ellison.html.
