Proposal of Waterfront Development of Nela Pond in Udaipur: A Thesis Project Report ON

 

 A THESIS PROJECT REPORT ON PROPOSAL OF WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT OF NELA POND IN UDAIPUR Submitted in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree Of Bachelor of Architecture In

BUDDHA INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE AND TOWN PLANNING UDAIPUR (RAJ.) – 313001, INDIA MAY-2019

Undertaken By CHANDNI TANDON

Enrollment No. - 14EBGAR00 14EBGAR006 6 Bachelor of Architecture 2018-2019

RAJASTHAN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, KOTA ESTD. 2006

 

Revitalizing Neighborhood Through Waterfront Development of

Nela Pond in

Udaipur, Rajasthan

Chandni Tandon guided by  Ar. Jaideep Vyas Sir

Bachelor of Architecture

Buddha Group of Institutions Udaipur 1

 

 

UNDERTAKING I Chandni Tandon, the author of the thesis titled ‘Revitalizing Neighborhood Through Waterfront Development of Nela Lake in Udaipur, Rajasthan’, hereby declare that this is an independent work of mine, carried out towards partial fulfilment of theBuddha requirements forInstitutions, the award ofUdaipur, B.Arch. degree at the Faculty of Architecture, group of Rajasthan.

Chandni Tandon  V year B.Arch. Date: Place:

June, 2019 Udaipur, Rajasthan

Disclaimer

This document describes work undertaken as part of the B.Arch. Degree at the Faculty of Architecture, Buddha group of Institutions, I nstitutions, Udaipur. All views and opinions expressed therein remain the sole responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the Institute, the Dissertation Guide(s), or the Dissertation Committee.

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CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the dissertation titled ‘Revitalizing Neighborhood Through  Waterfront Development of Nela Lake in Udaipur, Rajasthan’ has been been submitted  by Chandni Tandon towards partial fulfilment fulfilment of the requirements for the award of B.Arch. degree, in accordance with the undertaking signed by the student on the previous page.

Guide: Ar. Jaideep Vyas

Coordinator: Ar. Javed Ali

Date: 20/06/2019

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 ABSTRACT Historically, waterfronts developments have undergone various stages of development initiatives and become the most challenging tasks for planners and urban designers nowadays. It reflected a dynamic natural resources with special characteristics and regarded as the most important factors that influence the growth and image of the cities and had a significant impact on urbanization and modernization of the most cities in the near future, as experienced by most harbor cities in the world such as Asia, Europe, North America, Australasia, Japan and others. This thesis attempts to understand the evolution of waterfront development within the framework of urban design and public spaces, as practiced by Udaipur currently. Thus, it also became the reflection of people’s spiritual and physical culture. This cultural reflection of people on the physical context of the city can be seen mainly in the stage of urban design, because in this stage, buildings as individual units of the city structure will be connected to each other by roads, nods and open spaces. Thus, moving, gathering and getting a place as daily activities of inhabits affected by their culture from one side and the urban design process from another side. Inas the center the design public spaces due to their daily important role places of of gathering andprocess hostingisthe cultural and commercial activities. This is relating to the need of using water as a source for drinking, agriculture and then for trade and transport. These water bodies which shaped waterfronts of many cities, recently, emerged as one of the most important issues of urban design and planning disciplines. Because they are not only an edge between urban fabric and water, but due to the variety of roles and functions that waterfront has across the history from a place for trade, transport, industry and nowadays as public open space for recreation and tourism. Therefore, this leads to add a new type of public spaces to the city structure and change the image of many cities through offering a different water-city integration model. Public spaces have formed the background of public life, and supported community's needs for commercial activities, sacred celebrations, social interaction. This thesis sets out to investigate the development of waterfront within the framework of urban design and public spaces. In addition, the thesis discusses the factors that affect this evolution and transformed the waterfront from place for trade, transport and industry to be a place for recreation, tourism and entertainment.

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT Many people have contributed, knowingly or unwittingly, to the preparation of this thesis, not least the numerous student architects who have been subjected to various forms of teaching related to its development. Some of them have said things, or done things in their designs, that have prompted thoughts which are included here. I have benefited from many discussions with my guide Ar. Jaideep  Vyas, Head of the Department of Buddha Group of of Institutions Udaipur, without his guidance and persistent help this dissertation would not have been possible. The success and final outcome of this project required a lot of guidance and assistance which I am extremely privileged to have got this all from Ar. Amit Sen along the completion of my project.  And from the encouragement & knowledge of my coordinator coordinator Ar. Javed Sir who was kind enough to read the material while in preparation and who made a number of useful comments. I would like to express the deepest appreciation to our registrar Mr. Hemant Chaubisa. I am also grateful to the Dean Mr. Sanjeev Gupte who have, unknowingly, stimulated ideas which are included in the following pages. Also, I extended my gratitude to Ar. Vijay Damor who have always helped and supported in each possible way. In addition, a thank you to all the faculty members for their support and enthusiasm which had a lasting effect. Heartily thank you to partner-cum-friend Ar. Jayesh Chauhan that all I have done is due to his amazing tricks and techniques he his learning during his practice period such supervision and assistance helped me to always fight the battles. Some ideas have come from far afield, from family, my parents and brother from their love, support and help, but with whom I sometimes indulge in discussion and their views and thoughts come across.  And finally, as always, one must thank thank those who are close and who put up wit with h having someone around who is writing a dissertation. In my case these long-suffering people are Nirali, Akhilesh, Vishvesh, Varun, Jeevan, Asmita, Poulomi and Namrata.

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Table of Contents UNDERTAKING CERTIFICATE  ABSTRACT  ACKNOWLEDGMENT UNIT I:

PRELUDE

CHAPTER I Introduction 1.1 Introduction to Waterfronts 1.2 Aim 1.3 Objective 1.4 W Wh hat is the need of these Spaces? UNIT II:

2 3 4 6

11 14 14 15

INTERLUDE

CHAPTER II Research Work 2. 2.11 Desc De scri ript ptio ion n of Th The e Res esea earc rch h Wo Work rk 2.2 Web/ Literature Case Studies 2.3 Live Case Studies UNIT III:

18 19 26

CONCLUDE

CHAPTER III Site Selection & Analysis 3.1 Udaipur’s History 3.2 Geography of Udaipur 3.3 Ud Udaipur as a Tourist Destination 3.4 SWOT Analysis 3.5 Concept & Design Philosophy

38 39 40 41 43 46

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BIBLIOGRAPHY: (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.google.co.in/maps/place/Fate https://www.google.co.in/ maps/place/Fateh+Sagar+Lak h+Sagar+Lake/@24.601632 e/@24.6016326,73.663076 6,73.6630766,15z/d 6,15z/d ata=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x3 ata=!3m1!4b1! 4m5!3m4!1s0x3967e53c8c2ac0e3 967e53c8c2ac0e3:0x797deb83de7b53 :0x797deb83de7b53b8!8m2!3d24.6013 b8!8m2!3d24.6013999! 999! 4d73.6742232. http://tourism.gov.in/sites/default/files/Other/rajisthan.p http://tourism.gov.in/sites/default/files /Other/rajisthan.pdf. df. (n.d.). https://udaipurtimes.com/udaipur-stands https://udaipurtimes .com/udaipur-stands-second-in-num -second-in-number-foreign-touris ber-foreign-tourists/. ts/. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Ftravelhttps://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=https% 3A%2F%2Ftravel-blog.waytoindia.com% blog.waytoindia.com% 2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2FJag_M 2Fwp-content% 2Fuploads%2FJag_Mandir.jpg&imgrefur andir.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2 l=https%3A%2F%2Ftravel-blog. Ftravel-blog.  waytoindia.com%2Fplaces-to-visit-in-udaip  waytoindia.com%2Fpla ces-to-visit-in-udaipur%2F&docid=BuEsuift1 ur%2F&docid=BuEsuift1VbZ4M&tbnid=I6T VbZ4M&tbnid=I6TY  Y  uhFbDsrljM%3A&vet=10a. uhFbDsrljM%3A& vet=10a. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/maps/place/Lake+Pichola/@24.57 https://www.google.co.in/maps/place/La ke+Pichola/@24.5719986,73.661490 19986,73.6614904,14z/data=! 4,14z/data=! 3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x3967e 3m1!4b1!4m5!3m 4!1s0x3967e56041553fe7:0x 56041553fe7:0xdfef96846886cdd0!8m dfef96846886cdd0!8m2!3d24.572!4d73.6 2!3d24.572!4d73.679. 79. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/maps?rlz=1C1CH https://www.google.co.in/ maps?rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN786IN BF_enIN786IN786&q=ahar+ 786&q=ahar+cenotaphs&um=1 cenotaphs&um=1& & ie=UTF-8&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjxzJi6o5jfAhWKXy ie=UTF-8&sa=X&ved=0ahUKE wjxzJi6o5jfAhWKXysKHbTNB98Q_A sKHbTNB98Q_AUIDigB. UIDigB. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/maps?rlz=1C1CH https://www.google.co.in/ maps?rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN786IN BF_enIN786IN786&q=mahak 786&q=mahakaleshwar+tem aleshwar+temple ple +udaipur&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj7z-6-oZjfAhUUdysKHTI6AycQ_AUIDyg C. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/search?q=1553++udaipur&rlz=1C1 https://www.google.co.in/search?q=1553+ +udaipur&rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN786 CHBF_enIN786IN786&source IN786&source =lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0a =lnms&tbm=is ch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi_m8zl9Zff hUKEwi_m8zl9ZffAhUEXisKHfU AhUEXisKHfUFA94Q_AUID FA94Q_AUIDygC&biw=1 ygC&biw=1 536&bih=763#imgdii=B_BpXJb28UUIHM 536&bih=763#im gdii=B_BpXJb28UUIHM:&imgrc=Sblr2chEYaa :&imgrc=Sblr2chEYaaKgM:. KgM:. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/search?q=1553++udaipur&rlz=1C1 https://www.google.co.in/search?q=1553+ +udaipur&rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN786 CHBF_enIN786IN786&source IN786&source =lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0a =lnms&tbm=is ch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi_m8zl9Zff hUKEwi_m8zl9ZffAhUEXisKHfU AhUEXisKHfUFA94Q_AUID FA94Q_AUIDygC&biw=1 ygC&biw=1 536&bih=763#imgdii=B_BpXJb28UUIHM 536&bih=763#im gdii=B_BpXJb28UUIHM:&imgrc=Sblr2chEYaa :&imgrc=Sblr2chEYaaKgM:. KgM:. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/search?q=city+ https://www.google.co.in/ search?q=city+squares&rlz=1 squares&rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN C1CHBF_enIN786IN786&sourc 786IN786&source=l e=l nms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjT4-CZpJjf nms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahU KEwjT4-CZpJjfAhXBb30KHWcLA AhXBb30KHWcLATEQ_AUIDigB& TEQ_AUIDigB&biw=153 biw=153 6&bih=763#imgrc=Rl6GxD2Fw0 6&bih=763#imgr c=Rl6GxD2Fw0w_UM:. w_UM:. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/search?q=gulab+bagh&rlz=1C1CHBF_ https://www.google.co.in/search?q=gulab+ba gh&rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN786IN786 enIN786IN786&source=ln &source=ln ms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahU ms&tbm=isch&s a=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6oJuQmJjfA KEwi6oJuQmJjfAhWYWX0KHU0qAFU hWYWX0KHU0qAFUQ_AUIDyg Q_AUIDygC&biw=15 C&biw=15 36&bih=763&dpr=1.25#imgrc=K2 36&bih=763&dp r=1.25#imgrc=K2u8yJjFneiTjM:. u8yJjFneiTjM:. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/search?q=memorial+park&rlz=1C https://www.google.co.in/search?q=mem orial+park&rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN7 1CHBF_enIN786IN786&source 86IN786&source =lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0a =lnms&tbm=is ch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwieyNSCo5jf hUKEwieyNSCo5jfAhWIXSsKHY13C AhWIXSsKHY13CDMQ_AUID DMQ_AUIDygC&biw=1 ygC&biw=1 536&bih=763#imgrc=XCGoEJpNOlNVL 536&bih=763#im grc=XCGoEJpNOlNVLM:. M:. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/search?q=memorials&rlz=1C1CH https://www.google.co.in/search?q=mem orials&rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN786IN7 BF_enIN786IN786&source=ln 86&source=ln ms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahU ms&tbm=isch&s a=X&ved=0ahUKEwjb7sbJopjfAhU KEwjb7sbJopjfAhUGeCsKHVU GeCsKHVUSCGMQ_AU SCGMQ_AUIDigB&biw=1536 IDigB&biw=1536 &bih=763#imgdii=-Qc6bFVPkAoHLM &bih=763#imgdii=-Q c6bFVPkAoHLM:&imgrc=Ru7ql56ZH :&imgrc=Ru7ql56ZHesuCM:. esuCM:. (n.d.).

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https://www.google.co.in/search?q=passive+recreation https://www.google.co.in/search?q=pas sive+recreation&rlz=1C1CHBF_e &rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN786IN786& nIN786IN786&sou sou rce=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved= rce=lnms&tbm =isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiFpJHt0ahUKEwiFpJHt-5ffAhVbf30KHT 5ffAhVbf30KHTabC3AQ_AUI abC3AQ_AUIDigB&biw= DigB&biw= 1536&bih=763&dpr=1.25#imgrc=U 1536&bih=763& dpr=1.25#imgrc=U54CF_ngE1S6P 54CF_ngE1S6PM:. M:. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/search?q=sukhadia+circle&rlz=1C1 https://www.google.co.in/search?q=sukha dia+circle&rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN786 CHBF_enIN786IN786&source IN786&source =lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0a =lnms&tbm=is ch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjSgZ2PpZ hUKEwjSgZ2PpZjfAhUKfisK jfAhUKfisKHeHpDakQ_A HeHpDakQ_AUIDygC&biw=15 UIDygC&biw=15 36&bih=763&dpr=1.25#imgdii=AuBMSE 36&bih=763&dp r=1.25#imgdii=AuBMSEg6aTFuoM:&imgrc= g6aTFuoM:&imgrc=X-b3SYKFxz_sFM X-b3SYKFxz_sFM:. :. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/search?rlz=1C1C https://www.google.co.in/ search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN786IN HBF_enIN786IN786&biw=1536& 786&biw=1536&bih=763&tbm= bih=763&tbm= isch&sa=1&ei=FcYPXPalF9um9QP isch&sa=1&e i=FcYPXPalF9um9QPA0ol4&q=udaipur+ge A0ol4&q=udaipur+geographical+map&oq ographical+map&oq=udaipur+geog =udaipur+geog raphical+map&gs_l=img.3...12611 raphical+map&gs _l=img.3...12611.18926..19141...0.0..0.191 .18926..19141...0.0..0.191.2305.0j15......1....1..gws-w .2305.0j15......1....1..gws-wiz-img... iz-img... ....0j. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN786IN https://www.google.co.in/search?rlz=1C1C HBF_enIN786IN786&biw=1536& 786&biw=1536&bih=763&tbm= bih=763&tbm= isch&sa=1&ei=fL4PXJefNJ isch&sa=1&e i=fL4PXJefNJL8rQHEwbCABw& L8rQHEwbCABw&q=lakefront+ q=lakefront+development+in development+india&oq=lakefron dia&oq=lakefrontt +&gs_l=img.3.0.35i39j0i67j0j0i67j0j0i67j0l2 +&gs_l=img.3.0.3 5i39j0i67j0j0i67j0j0i67j0l2j0i67l2.33869.3386 j0i67l2.33869.33869..36029...0.0..0.128.128.0 9..36029...0.0..0.128.128.0jj 1......1.. (n.d.). https://www.google.co.in/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN786IN https://www.google.co.in/search?rlz=1C1C HBF_enIN786IN786&tbm=isch&q 786&tbm=isch&q=fateh+saga =fateh+sagarr +lake&chips=q:fateh+saga +lake&chips= q:fateh+sagar+lake,g_1:udaip r+lake,g_1:udaipur:t9GGfnaUZ ur:t9GGfnaUZ8g%3D&usg=AI4_ 8g%3D&usg=AI4_-kSOW45O7m -kSOW45O7m d7zK9o5qC0WOMuszytiA&sa=X&ve d7zK9o5qC0WOMus zytiA&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI8q d=0ahUKEwiI8qvAl5jfAhURcCsK vAl5jfAhURcCsKHQ0FBQgQ4lYIK HQ0FBQgQ4lYIKSgA& SgA&  biw=1536&bih=763&dpr=1.25#im.  biw=1536&bih=76 3&dpr=1.25#im. (n (n.d.). .d.).

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List Of Figures Figure 1: Figure 2: Figure 3: Figure 4: Figure 5: Figure 6: Figure 7: Figure 8: Figure 9: Figure 10: Figure 11: Figure 12: Figure 13: Fi Figu gure re 14: 14: Figure 15: Figu Figure re 16: 16: Fiig gu urree 118 7:: F Figure 19: Figu Figure re 20: Figure 21: Figure 22: Fi Figu gure re 23 23:: Figure 24: Figure 25: Figu Figure re 26 : Figure 27 : Figure 28 : Figure 29: Fi Figu gure re 30 30:: Figu Fi gure re331: Figure 32: Figure 33: Figure 34: Figure 35:

Waterfront Promenade View of Waterfront Trail Waterfront Uses Dubai Waterfront Map of Tianjin City Transformation pattern along the Haihe River Three spatial sections along the Haihe River Land Use Plan Circulation Plan Evolution in 9 years Built form updation from 2008 to 2010. Development Photographs Existing Water Activities and sitting Ex Exis isti ting ng Pr Prom omen enad adee Vi View ew Existing Promenade View Ex Exis isti ting ng Land Land Use Use Con Condi diti tion on of Saba Sabarm rmat atii and Surroundings

13 14 17 18 20 21 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 28 29

FM roam rkestlum dwellings to apartments Development of Dhobi Ghat Eve Event nt ar area ea af afte terr the the de devel velop opme ment nt Development of Urban Forestry Development of Sewage System Prom Promen enad adee afte afterr De Deve velo lopm pmen entt Development of Gardens Genesis of the YRDP Su Subb-Zo Zone ness (A (Area rea,, Ex Exte tent nt,, Leng Length th)) Existing YRPD Promenade Existing Structure Plan for YRPD Existing Garden Space after development Vi View ew of Udai Udaipu purr Town Town in anci ancien entt time timess Geog Geogra raph phic icaal map map of Uda daip ipu ur The most prominent tourist spot, City Palace The tourist graph for year 2017 Graph Land Use plan upto year 2031

3312 33 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 43 44 45 46 48 49

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UNIT I: PRELUDE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction to Waterfronts Development ofWaterfronts a waterfrontare area with the aim connectingorand integrating the city with water. settlements or of civilizations commercial developments that come up along the water body. Waterfronts are dynamic and unique places where the land and water meet. It is the interface of the aquatic and terrestrial. A waterfront zone is where interaction happens between the urban and the water. By being an interface between land and water, the waterfront zone is an area endowed with special characteristics. Waterfront is a zone of interaction and the waterfront area is considered to be a unique and irreplaceable resource where it interfaces between the land and water.

Figure 1: Waterfront Promenade Activities 1    Water is a defining force that fundamentally shapes the character character of each place it touches. It's a feature to be celebrated and honoured. Urban waterfronts, like the cities help define, dynamic places. Waterfronts are often the most valuable resource of a city. Also cities seek a waterfront zone that is a place of public enjoyment, ample visual and public access- to both the water and the land. These 1

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 waterfronts have the potential to become the cultural and heritage hubs of the city that lie on the banks or shores of the waterfront as well as attract people from the city and also tourists. Over recent few decades, waterfront development and redevelopment has evolved and taken on its own identity in areas such as historic preservation and recreation. Creating minimum avenues for recreation and green open spaces. Also today many  waterfronts are a staple of modernism, city beautification beautification and helps in tourism.

Figure 2: A View of the Wat Figure Waterfront erfront Trail Trail2  

1.2 Aim This thesis highlights those lessons and considers how to create a city's identity and also to understand and develop an approach towards waterfront city. Transforming it into a unique platform with recreational and entertainment facilities serving the city and its people. Also it Rejuvenate the urban life, by improving the quality of life. The idea is to create an economically vibrant and safe and inclusive waterfront providing the best social and physical infrastructure for its residents, businesses and visitors. Also, at developing the waterfront areas and to provide aesthetically pleasing and highly functional f unctional spaces and activities that encourages the city dwellers to experience the beauty and serenity of the  waterfront. The thesis focuses on creating a vital and vibrant vibrant waterfront that 2

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serves to unite the community and the visitors in a shared experience of the city. It develops the city as a major commercial and tourist sector. Establish it as a major tourism attraction centre and a local identity. Link the community with the  waterfront. Integrate public open spaces with more natural water edge, landscapes, landscapes, parks.

1.3 Objective  A wide variety of people and interests are involved in waterfront development, and understanding these interests and planning for them can only help in the successful implementation of a waterfront project. There are many important reasons to develop new, and re-develop existing, waterfronts. Waterfronts are places to live, places to work, and places we enjoy recreating. People all over the  world have been living with water for millennia, as as a source of food, transportation, and harmony. In recent years, managing water has become a major political and social topic because of climatic events even ts that have caught a lot of media attention. People have been questioning whether waterfront property should be promoted as a place to live, or whether giant walls should be built to protect people from advancing water levels anticipated by climate change experts.

To demonstrate the significance of waterfront, in the classic phrase, American anthropologist Loren Eiseley said, “If there is magic on this planet, it is contained in water, water is a fundamental attraction in all cultures”.

This study deals with the waterfront developments through the perspective of tourism and recreation and investigates the waterfront development through the available research examples in the world to formulate the design criteria as a theory of urban waterfront design.

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1.3 What is the need of these Spaces?  Waterfront development can include any combination of different different land uses, and  waterfront projects can be new projects or re-developments of existing  waterfronts into new places. Some waterfront projects focus on industrial uses, such as industrial ports, and others focus on more recreational and tourism-oriented uses. It's important that a diversity of uses can occur along a  waterfront, bringing in as many interests as possible to the waterfront, but it's not necessary that a diversity of uses occurs within each project. For example, due to environmental, public safety and security reasons, it may not be appropriate to locate a public park and residential neighbourhood within the same zone as an industrial port.

Figure 3: Waterfront Uses The waterfront development is needed as it promotes the waterfront activities at strategic locations with major water views and create activity nodes and destinations where possible. Thus also providing diversified opportunities for different functions and promoting the waterfront front vitality both day and night. The importance it holds in maximizing the amenity value of sites with good natural settings by promoting mixed use development with public oriented activity and creating focal points and activities nodes. It also promote retailing and leisure activities to the water edge. Promote integration of waterfront recreation areas  with adjoining land uses in terms of pedestrian, access and and landscape design frameworks. by building a Sense of Place. The need of waterfront is essential to protect the waterfronts historic values and it’s significant historical structures and landmarks which should always be preserved or conserved.

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Figure 4: Du Figure Dubai bai Wa Waterfro terfront nt3    Any building on the waterfront should boost activity in the public spaces around it. Ideally, there should be a mix of uses, with seamless interaction between inside and outdoors. High-rise towers that lack any public uses on the ground floor are noticeably out of place along rivers, lakes and ocean fronts. They usually create a  wall that physically and psychologically psychologically cuts off the waterfront from surrounding surrounding neighborhoods.

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UNIT II: INTERLUDE

RESEARCH WORK 2.1 Description of the Research Work In general, the research involved three kinds of works. Through review of literature, a study was done on what identity means with respect to cities and how rivers, lakes contribute to this identity especially in lakes cities. The literature survey further developed an understanding of the relationship between lakes and cities, north historically and in modern times. Apart from this, the literature review included a study of various aspects that should be taken into account while designing a public space. The next step involved of of this relationship throug through h secondary case studies and understanding the reasons which triggered the lakefront projects. It also involved key features of those lakefront development projects. The features of each case study were and tabulated. A setthe of indicators was developed based on three things: keyanalysed features of the case studies, points which  were essential to maintain the water- city relationship and the the elements of a good public space. The primary case study involved of history of Sabarmati and Yamuna and the role  Yamuna played in the identity an evolution evolution of the city. It included the current DUAC  Yamuna Riverfront Development Plan and involved a study of key features features of the project. The report is analysed with respect to previously formed framework.

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2.2 Web/ Literature Case Studies TIANJIN HAIHE RIVERFRONT

One of the largest coastal cities in North China, with a population of over eleven million. The city is located along the Haihe River which has a history of over six hundred-years. The development plan included capabilities for flood control, navigation, tourism and entertainment. “Building the river as an economic, landscape and cultural belt with unique character, and putting forward a great vision of extolling the river culture and creating Haihe as one of the world's most famous rivers".

Figure 5: Map of Tianjin City

Figure 6: Transformation pattern of urban morphology along the Haihe River

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Figure 7: Three spatial sections along the Haihe River

Table 1: Planning intentions of three spatial sections

The Six thematic objectives of the Riverfront Development:

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

Present the longstanding history and culture of the city. Promote service industries in the waterfront area. Identify city features and images by the river. Protect the ecological environment within the area. Improve access to the river. Develop tourism and leisure industries along the river.

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Figure 8: Land Use Plan Redeveloping the Riverfront includes the change of existing Land-use which comprises of Old factories and aging residential communities which needs to be demolished and should be replaced with Large parcels of of land earmarked for mixed use or commercial purposes.

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  Figure 9: Circulation Plan ● No physical barrier between the water and inland area. ● Slopes added for people with disabilities. ● Old railway station at the riverfront in the city center reorganised into a transport hub, with better access to the underground, subway systems and  bus services.

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Urban fabric

Figure 10 : Evolution in 9 years ● ●

Dramatically changed after the redevelopment. Old low-rise and dense housing units replaced by clusters of high-rise residential communities with commercial facilities.

Built Form

 Visibility, permeability, and openness maintained.  Waterfront is open and visible from a distance, and with several skyscrapers  becoming new landmarks related to the riverfront, a new skyline has now  been created. ● Planting design for achieving a visual effect in riverfront. sight-seeing by boat. Other ●  Water Activities like swimming, fishing, or sight-seeing non-water related, like general parks or other public open spaces. ● ●

Figure 11: Built form updation from 2008 to 2010. 20

 

 

Figure 12: Development Photographs

Figure 13 : Existing Water Activities and sitting

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Figure 14 : Existing Promenade View

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2.3 Live Case Studies  SABARMATI RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT The Sabarmati River Front Development Corporation Limited (SRFDCL) is established in 1997 for the development of the riverfront in the city. (1) SRFDCL reached out to a number of NGOs and citizen groups for planning and implementation. The process of implementation was done by build, maintain, operate and transfer. SRFDCL appointed Independent Third Parties to supervise the private sector contractors who were selected on fixed time and rate. The fund for the project is set out by different sources that are equity capital, loan fund and proceeds from land sales.

Figure 15 : Existing Sabarmati Top View.

Riverfront Land Use The proposed development is of mix land use that includes commercial, recreational and residential developments within the both sides of the river bank from Gandhi Bridge to Sardar Bridge.

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Table 2 : Existing Land Use of Sabarmati Riverfront

Figure 16 : Existing Land Use Condition of Saba Sabarmati rmati and Surroundings The river originates from the foothills of Aravali ranges near Udaipur, Rajasthan and flows downstream passing through Ahmedabad till Gulf of Cambay. The 109 kms of river runs across a stretch of about 55 km through Ahmedabad. It is that stretch that is developed as ambitious urban renewal project.

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 Development in in Different Sector

The major component of the project concludes and reclamation works, construction of road and installation of infrastructure such as water, sewer network, storm water drainage, etc., resettlement and rehabilitation work, construction of promenades and garden and maintenance of public spaces.

Rehabilitation of Slum Dwellers There were around 12000 hutments on both sides of the river bank that cover nearly 20% of the critical project area. More than 10000 families are allotted with houses for resettlement, and 9078 odd families have already been shifted. Each house is of 26.77 sq m carpet area. Commonly the relocation of a slum is provided on the outskirts of the city, but in this case, it is located near to the prime location of the city.

Figure 17 : From slum dwellings to apartments.

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Gujari Bazar - Sunday Market

It is an age-old Sunday market, where 40% of traders were women and half of them describe themselves as Dalits. It was unhygienic and also there is a risk of flooding in monsoon. Now, it is spread over 70.00 sq.mt area, and 1600 vendors can do their business on 788 pucca platforms and 783 laris.

Figure 18 : From scattered unorganized Sunday market to Organized spaces for  Vendors now. Dhobi Ghat

 Around 172 Dhobis were using both both the bank of the river for washing activities. On the eastern bank of the river near Vasna Barrage is constructed as dhobi ghat spread over approx. 9400 sq.mt area has utility area of about 600 sq.mt. There are seven blocks in modern Dhobi Ghat, and each block has 24 units with  well-developed water supply and drainage system with a water water meter for inlet  watering.

Figure 19 : Development of Dhobi Ghat.

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Event Area

Earlier the dry river bed was used to host events like circus and cricket etc. However, a mega city like Ahmedabad requires a proper event management ground facilities. So that an area of 60.00 aq.mt, spread between Sardar Bridge and Ellis Bridge on the west bank has been designed for hosting events such as the Kite Festival, the Marathon, the Cyclothon and Garib Kalyan Mela are organized.

Figure 20 : Event area after the development. Urban Forestry

Between Vasna Barrage and Ambedkar Bridge, the unique afforestation project is situated over 1 lakh sq.mt area. The natural forestry is being developed with different plant species from Gujarat, including certain very rare species.

Figure 21 : Development of Urban Forestry

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Sewage System

To intercept the sewer running into the river and divert it to the treatment plants, the interceptor sewer system was constructed. Earlier the sewage from 36 drainage points directly falls into the river that makes the water dirty, mosquito ridden and unhealthy environment. Now, there is an extreme change in the environment around the river because all sewage goes to a pumping station for transformation it to river quality.

Figure 22 : Development of Sewage System Promenade

 A key feature of this project is a two-level, continuous continuous walk on both sides of the river bank built just above the water level for pedestrians and cyclists. So there will  be no private ownership of river bank, and the whole stretch is open for every citizen.

Figure 23 : Promenade after Development

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  Public Garden/ Flower Garden

For parks and garden space 27% of project land is developed. There are three gardens. ●  Garden of 60000 sq.mt between Subhash Bridge and Dadhichi Bridge; ● Garden of 25000 sq.mt at Usmanpura between Gandhi Bridge and Nehru Bridge on the West Bank and Flower garden of 40000 sq.mt near event area on the west bank of the river.

Figure 24 : Development of Gardens

Concluding Remark

The abused river can be brought back to the city by utilizing the resources of the river itself and convert the abandoned land of riverbed and nuisances at the centre of the city into people's attraction, tourist attraction, creation of infrastructural and recreational  facilities and transform transform the city more livable in terms of environmental improvement and inclusive development.

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 YAMUNA RIVERFRONT RIVERFRONT DEVELO DEVELOPMENT PMENT PROJECT (YRDP) (YRDP)

● ● ●

DDA’s initiative of Biodiversity Parks in collaboration with the Center for Environmental Management of Degraded Ecosystems (CEMDE), Delhi University.  Justice Usha Mehra Committee constituted to remove Jhuggies Jhuggies & other encroachments from the River Bed. Following the orders, DDA proposed Golden Jubilee Parks Approval from Central Water Commission for Golden Jubilee Park. Constitution of Delhi Biodiversity Foundation by Gazette Notification dated 01.04.2005. High Court Order for 13 enclosures to be made for disposing Puja Samgiri in the river. Embargo on any construction activity by office of Hon’ble LG on Zone ‘O’ till detail studies are done.  Yamuna Riverfront Development Project Launched. Structure Plan for Zone O was put up for inviting objections & suggestions. Structure Plan sought approvals from Delhi Biodiversity Foundation & High

●

Powered Committee. ZDP for Zone O notified with proposals for Riverfront Development.

●

● ● ● ● ●

Figure 25 : Genesis of the Yamuna Riverfront Development Project (YRDP) Zonal Development Plan, Zone - O

Figure 26 : Sub-Zones (Area, Extent, Length)

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  Recommendations of MPD,2021 & ZDP, Zone O River Yamuna should be conserved & kept free from unrestricted & unplanned urban development. ● ZDP has proposed strategies for Sustainable Riverfront Development. ● Strategy for Conservation / Development of Yamuna riverbed area is needed to be developed & implemented in a systematic manner.

●

 Aim

“Conserve, Protect & Restore the Biodiversity of Yamuna integrated with Public Recreation spaces that the city needs as envisaged in the Zonal Development of Zone O”.

Figure 27 : Existing YRPD Promenade The Structure Plan

The floodplain has been studied & analysed based on several ecological & physical parameters, such as: ● existing natural features like water bodies, vegetation, etc., ● proximity to habitation & movement corridors, ● intensity & conformity of abutting activities, & ● socio-cultural characteristics

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Figure 28 : Existing Structure Plan for YRPD

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Figure 29: Existing Garden Space after development

Green Linkages- Interconnecting all zones are Green Linkages which will act as wildlife movement corridor & provide habitat while providing a buffer to sensitive Biodiversity areas.  All these Zones are Open to to Sly Green Areas.

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UNIT III: CONCLUDE SITE SELECTION & ANALYSIS 3.1 Udaipur’s Background The royal city of Udaipur being the capital of Mewar for several centuries. The city has a legend behind its establishment. Once during his hunting expedition, Maharana Udai Singh met a holy sage in the Aravalli ranges. The sage directed the king to create a kingdom in this fertile valley, which would be protected by the high-rising Aravalli. Consequently, Maharana Udai Sing established e stablished Udaipur in 1553 AD. Chittorgarh was the former capital of Mewar Kingdom and Maharana Udai Singh  was the successor of the Sisodia clan, as say the descendants of the Sun God, who  believed themselves to be the world’s oldest ruling family. The kings and the members of this dynasty were known to be the most powerful warrior clan in Rajasthan. Therefore, the capital was also moved to Udaipur from Chittorgarh,  because of constant enemy attacks. The Mughal Emperor attacked Chittor in the year 1568, and to keep away from his clutches, Udai Singh shifted his kingdom to Udaipur, which was a safer place. It  was since that time that Udaipur got got transformation modern city. Overlooking the aquamarine expanses of the Lake Pichola stands the splendid City Palace - a marvel in granite and marble. Out of the original eleven gates of the Udaipur City, only five still remain. For the safety of the new capital the king built a  wall with a length of 6 km with its main gates in it namely – Brahmpole,  Ambapole, Hathipole, Udiapole, Chandpole, Chandpole, Surajpole. The area that resides in the  wall is now commonly referred as ‘The Old City’ or ‘The Walled City’. The British didn’t show their much interest in acquiring Udaipur because it was a mountainous region which made it difficult for their army to carry heavy armoured horses and  weapons. On the eastern side of the city, the periphery has a Surajpole or Sun Gate  which is the main on entrance to the city. Udaipur Udaipur being the city of dawn, and a lovely land around the azure water lakes, hemmed in by the lush hills of the  Aravalli hills. Udaipur is a fascinating mixture of sights, sounds and experiences. Its kaleidoscope of fairy-tale palaces, lakes, temples, gardens and narrow lanes strewn with stalls, carry the flavour of heroic past, epitomizing valour and chivalry.

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Figure 30: View of Udaipur Town in ancient times

3.2 Udaipur’s Geography Udaipur lying in the shadows of the Aravalli Mountains, at a height of 577m. The  walled city is surrounded by the city wall, on the eastern side of Lake Pichola. Pichola. The train station and bus station are both at vicinity to the old city. Udaipur is located at 24.58° N 73.68° E. Udaipur being with an average elevation of 598 meters (1961 feet).

Figure31: Geographical map of Udaipur

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In the state of Rajasthan, and at the foothills of Aravalli hills is located Udaipur city. The city of lakes Udaipur lies in southern Rajasthan. Udaipur can cater its tourists  with its enchanting view of the lakes, temples, cafes and restaurants, also also sparkling view of the spotless white palaces, it's interesting historic background, and unique rural handicrafts. Though Udaipur has some fascinating features which can appear captivating for any outsider, the weather of Udaipur is not quite favourable all over the year. Therefore, the lakes encircling the city of Udaipur make the climate somewhat comfortable and pleasant during the summer season. The summer is very hot and rainfall is scarce which is not favourable for a pleasant holiday in Udaipur. 3.3 Udaipur as a Tourist Destination

Udaipur is one of the most popular cities in Rajasthan, and is quite famous for its lakes and palaces. Also, known as the ‘Jewel of Mewar’, in 1553 this city was founded by Maharaja Udai Signh, on the banks of Lake Pichola. Udaipur is claimed as one of the most romantic cities of the world and mini Venice.

Figure 32: The most prominent tourist spot, City Palace. Udaipur today, it is a perfect mixture of old-world charm and contemporary attractions. Every year, in abundance tourists visit the ‘City of Lakes’ Udaipur, by getting enchanted from its vibrant culture and traditional customs. It is still inhabited by the local people of Bhil tribe, so we can still see people dressed in

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traditional Ghagra-Choli, laden with huge silver jewellery. People of all different religion- Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism and Christianity reside here. The modern city of Udaipur is a vivid hub of social- cultural activities, art, music and folk dance.  While living in Udaipur one can see both kinds of people- those following their age-old traditions and also those who have adopted a modern style of living. The city plays as a host to a number of fairs and festivals of the country. Udaipur Stands Second in The Number of Foreign Tourists in Rajasthan.

Figure 33: The tourist graph for year 2017.  As compared to 2016 annual chart of tourist tourist ratio in city, there was an increase of 10 percent in data of foreign tourists. As per the tourism department, tourists from French and America have increased in numbers in 2017. Whereas in Rajasthan, tourists from French outnumbered all other tourists in 2017. On number three we have American tourists in the increasing list of tourists. Consequently, in this 7th  year, it is growth for Udaipur that that foreign tourist numbers were seen going high. Udaipur stands at number second in the year 2017 after Jaipur which stands with the highest number of foreign tourists. Jaipur with a number of 9,50,991 foreign tourists whereas Udaipur had 3,47,542 foreign tourists. Jodhpur stood 3rd with 1,69,264 foreign tourists.

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3.4 SWOT Analysis

This study is about the phenomenon of urban planning processes. The methodological approach is qualitative research. The data collection relies on live case studies, interviews and a time graph analysis of different places at different peak time. The time graph along with age graph are based on their experience of age or participation in the type of activities, involvement in different urban spaces, footfall of different spaces, with the analysis of interest and opposition against the urban project. The theoretical literature and the planning typology are analysed through the theoretical framework of past, present and future scope. This process resulted in identifying the Opportunities, Threats, Strengths and  Weaknesses of each case study conducted. Which in turn turn resulted in the conclusion that, based on the study’s main findings and recommendations.  As per the live case studies and analysing interests of local local as well as tourist public in Udaipur City, I was able to conclude that the tourists especially like to be in the  Walled City area and are fond of exploring the traditional, traditional, heritage architecture & culture of the city. Instead, there is a bunch of local residents of Udaipur City who consider accessibility as a priority and then the “View”.  Also, there is another graph to show that annually in the city of Lakes more than 2 lacs people come and go, and all have their own preferences, likings, and comfortability through which they explore the Udaipur City.

Figure 34: Graph showing annual tourist graph in Udaipur as per their population and preference list. Here, the population is the annual tourist count from

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respective countries and preferences mean that where they choose to accommodate (i.e., choice of hotels) themselves for a stay in the city. This particular table here exhibits that how being at the maximum population i.e., London and Italy tourists arrive in city, and prefer the Walled City for their accommodation and exploration. Tourist from Australia and Germany will prioritize access first and then view. Here, of course they will be in the vicinity to Old city but will not choose a hotel where accessibility is an issue. Moving on to Indian Tourists, which is majorly from Gujarat & Kolkata, they have a different taste from foreign tourists. India, the whole country itself celebrates this traditional architecture and inherits the old ‘Gali’ or let’s say narrow passage concept in almost all Indian States, so for them the Walled City is not that something really WOWS! So, they find resorts or a hotel at outskirts from Walled city because they don’t  want to get into the hustle bustle and crowded streets with jams, animals and shops on both hands. Rather they try to focus on serenity while booking their accommodations.

Figure 35: Land Use plan upto year 2031

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Urban open space - both magnitude and spatial arrangement - is critical to urban living. As the availability of open space, distribution and accessibility are a major concern for cities. Open space is a necessity and not a luxury. Due to ongoing urbanisation trend worldwide, the distance between city inhabitants and nature is increasing. Urban greenery is one of the ways to bridge this gap between people and nature. With the growth of urban sprawl or the migration the increase in density is one of the reasons for underdevelopment of urban greenery sector. Without careful planning, cities will be stressed with environmental challenges.  As we have found out in the case studies th that at the geography of all these urban spa spaces ces is more towards western side of Udaipur city, as compared to it as a whole. Open space is a basic type of land use along with residential, commercial, industrial, transportation etc. Other than open space, the rest are given due importance for progress and it is neglected because it caters to natural, recreational and cultural needs that are intangible.

3.5 Concept & Design Philosophy

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  “M A K E

I N V I S I B L E

V I S I B L E”

The purpose of this thesis is to study how lakes lakes contribute in respect to identity of a city. The idea is to create an economically vibrant and safe and inclusive waterfront providing the best social and physical infrastructure for it’s neighborhood residences, business tourists, recreational recreational tourists and local visitors.  Also, at developing the waterfront areas by treating the catchment area and to provide aesthetically pleasing and highly functional spaces and activities that encourages the city dwellers to experience the beauty and serenity of the  waterfront. Creating a vital waterfront that serves to unite the community community and the visitors in a shared experience of the city. The concept Make Invisible Visible says to highlight the unseen neglected spaces of the city. According to the guidelines, a development close to river/ lake area  would not increase the level of water flow. Demonstrating the the connection between access, greenway development and market demand.

Recommendations and Findings  Waterfront & Green areas -based solutions supply innovative approaches to extend extend the standard of urban settings. It enhances local resilience and promote sustainable lifestyles, improving both the health and the well-being of urban residents. Parks, playgrounds or vegetation publicly and personal places are a unit central part of these approaches and may felicitate to make sure that: ● ● ● ●

urban residents have adequate opportunities for exposure to nature; urban biodiversity is maintained and protected; pr otected; environmental hazards such as air pollution or noise are reduced; the impacts of extreme weather events (heatwaves, extreme rainfall or

● ●

flooding) the qualityare of mitigated; urban living is enhanced; the health and well-being of residents is improved.

Urban inexperienced area could be a part of “green infrastructure”. It is a vital part of public open areas and customary services provided by a town and may function as a health-promoting setting for all members of the urban community. It is thus compulsory to make sure that all urban, open or public green spaces are easily accessible for all age groups and distributed equitably within the city. Land use planning is central for managing issues related to climatic variation in urban environments. However, Master Plans usually do not include climatic aspects, and few studies have addressed climate change at the urban scale, especially in developing countries.

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This report proposes a framework with the thesis and live case studies helping & concluding the more and more placement of urban space at one part of the city and ignoring the rest of it. Each category comprises attributes that describe a complex of relationships in influencing amenities for local public as well as the tourists. Proper land use planning provides the opportunity to assess where you are, where you would like to go and how you might get there. Planning now to protect important open space and recreational facilities can greatly enhance the attractiveness of your community and encourage compatible growth in the future. Also, planning accordingly helps allowing the City to confront and manage aspects of growth and development in ways that preserve, protect, and enhance the environment. The urban planning process in relation with equitable open space relationship can expose potential problems while there is still time to prevent them. Open space plans allow the benefits of open space that make up the character and protects the "green infrastructure" of a community. With the help of planning the spaces wisely this "green infrastructure" of waterareas, supply, land, working farmsisand forests, viable  wildlife habitats, parks, recreation trail trails, s, and greenways as important to the economic future of a community as coming up with for planning for schools, roads, water, and wastewater infrastructure.  Although open area itself could be be an easy concept, the factors that have an effect on it, which affects, are complex. Through an Open Space Plan, one can identify and examine these factors and lay out strategies for residents and can use to protect and enjoy its character, natural resources and open spaces. Consequently, these findings form a replacement approach to the difficulty of patterns of spatial use of public spaces, based on the global understanding of the dynamics of the urban grid and the visual and the permeability connections between public space and the urban environment.

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