Prometric Questions 20014
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prometric 2014...
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1 )Rar ef ac t i on( r a r e f ur ca t i on) occur si nwhi char ea s: a .Ar e asde nude df r om bone * * * * * * * * * * * b.Ar easoff r act ur e c.?? d.?? Rar ef act i on is A decreased density of bone such as a decrease in weight per unit of volume
Systemic diseases causing generalized g eneralized jaw rarefaction Osteoporosis Rickets/Osteomalacia Sickle Cell Anemia Cushing syndrome Hypophosphatasia Hypophosphatemia Massive osteolysis (vanishing bone disease)
2 )Pa t i entwi t hgi ngi v ec t omys ur ge r y . a f t e rs ur ge r yx enogr a f twa s pl a ce dwi t hbi or e sor ba bl es ut ur e spl a ce d.Whi c hdr e ss i ngi s pl acedov eri t ? a .Euge noldr e ss i ng b.Noneugenolbase d* * * * * * * * * c.Ant i bi ot i cdr essi ng d.?? dental decks 2012 ---
Types of Dressings (packs): usually contain zinc oxide and may be either eugenol- or non-eugenol containing. • on-eugenol (soft pack) - 2 tubes! • one tube contains! "inc oxide# an oil (forplasticity), a gum(for cohesiveness), and lorothidol (afungicide) • one tube contains li$uid coconut fatty acids thickened %ith colophony resin (or rosin) and chlorothymol (a bacteriostatic agent) - &rand names! 'oe-pak *** most %idely used in the (nited )tates.
• "inc oxide-*ugenol +acks! are a re supplied as a li$uid (eugenol) and a po%der (zinc oxide).(may be irritant)
1. +eriodontal dressings ha,e no %ell-defined effect on the processes of %ound healing or on surgical outcomes (Le.. gains of periodontal attachment or the reduction in probing depths). 2. or first %eek postoperati,ely# postoperat i,ely# patient should rinse %ith 0.12 chlorhexidine gluconate t%ice daily. /. s a general rule# the pack is kept on for %eek after aft er surgery. . &efore remo,ing# make sure sutures are not embedded in the dressing and that the dressing is not locked interproximally
3 )Spe ddi ngpr i nc i pl e : a.Usedf orsel ect i onofst ai nl essst eelcr owns* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * b.Usedf orsel ect i onofr est or at i ons c .Us edf ors el e ct i onofs ha de d.Use df ors el e ct i onofs ea l ant
When placing full coverage restorations on permanent teeth, we are able to check our margins on the die and thus can be quite confident about the placement and adequate adaptation of our margins. When we place stainless steel crowns, however, we do not have this device available to check our margins. There are two
principles that we follow to ensure our margins are well adapted to the existing tooth. These two principles were described by Spedding and Spedding and they are (! crown length and ("! shape of the crown#s gingival margins. The stainless steel crown should extend slightly apical to the tooth#s height of contour which in primary teeth is $ust above the gingival crest. Therefore when the margins of the crown approximates the greatest diameter of the tooth (the heights of contour! the space between the tooth and the restoration is minimal and close adaptation of the crown to the tooth can be accomplished. The shape of the gingival margin of the crown is the other principle. The proper outline for the buccal and lingual gingiva for second primary molars is similar to a smile. The buccal gingiva of the first primary molar is that of a stretched out S in a hori%ontal position. The margin of the lingual gingiva of the first primary molars resembles a smile. The proximal contours of the primary teeth approximates that of a frown. These shapes aid greatly when trimming stainless steel crowns to allow for superior marginal adaptation. http://www.dentalcyberweb.com/dentalweb/articles/dentist-960.html
4 )Wha ti st heca us ef orCont i nuousbl e edi nga f t e rdoi ng pul pot omyandr emo movi ngt hecor onalpul pi s a.Advanceddegener at i onoft hepul p b.Pul pr e ma ma i nsi nt hepul pc ha mbe mb r* * * * * * * * * c.?? d.?? ) e x t e ns i v epul pa li nfla mma mm t i on) Currently, Currently, the pulpal diagnosis d iagnosis is based on the extent of pulpal hemorrhages. Failure of bleeding to cease after 2 minutes of saline irrigation reveals an extensive pulpal pulpa l inammation in the working level. It suggests that either more tissue need to be removed or an extensive procedure, such as complete pulpotomy, is indicated. here is no precise clinical de!nition of "irreversible# pulpitis, nor are there
de!nite clinical or biochemical predictors of either the extent of pulpitis or the capacity of an inamed pulp to recover.$% It remains desirable to develop such precise and &uantitative means for de!nitive endodontic diagnosis .
http://www.aapd.org/assets/!/"#/$ong!-0".pdf
5)Mar yl andbr i dge a.Resi nbondedbr i dge
6)Ot hobr acket st hathavesufferf r om def or mat i on a .Ce r a mi cbr a ck et s b.Me t a lbr a ck et s c.Sel fl i gat i ng d.Pl ast i c* * * * * * * * * *
http://jorthod.maneyjournals.org/content/%"/"/!&6.full.pdf
7 )Pa t i entwi t hma xi l l a r yc ompl e t edent ur eandna t ur a lma ndi bul a r ant er i ort eet h. af t ery ear s,comest oy out ododi st ale xt ensi onf or pos t er i ormandi bul art ee t h.Youwi l ls ee : a.Boner esor pt i ononmaxi l l ar yant er i orr egi on* * * * * * * * * b.Se ve r ebonel os sofma ndi bul a rpos t e r i ort ee t h c .?? d.?? dent aldecks+
8 )Pa t i e ntwi t hgol dc r owns uffe r spa i na nds ens i t i v i t yonc he wi ng onl y.Whati st hecause?
a .The r ma lc onduc t i v i t yofgol d b.Occl usalt r auma* * * * * * * * * * * * * * c .?? d.?? •
Occlusion: This is one of the more common concerns with new crowns. If your bite feels off , your dentist can probably just adjust the crown to feel better. When a tooth is contacting prematurely, it can cause a great deal of discomfort to that tooth, any opposing tooth, sensitivity to hot/cold or biting, or a variety of other symptoms. This is one of the first things dentists check if a patient is having problems with a new crown.
http://www.onedollardentist.com/dentalcrownprocedure.ht ml
9)Fl uor i det oxi ci t yf or60kgadul tpat i ent : a.5060mg/ kg b.3256mg/ kg* * * * * * * * * c.4070 d.??
the lethal !"e #!$ %!"t a< h&%a'" (" e"t(%ate at ) t! + , -.h(/h (" e0&(1ale't t! 23 t! 45 %,67, ele%e'tal
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%&/!e?(e$%!( /a$/('!%a a' ae'!( /9"t(/ /a$/('!%a@ 8!'e "a$/!%a" -t&%!$" a$("(', #$!% 8!'e@ /a$t(la,e@ #at@ #(8$!&" t(""&e !$ %&"/le:@ a' %ela'!%a"; Che %!"t /!%%!' !!'t!,e'(/ t&%!$ (" !!t!%a" #!ll!.e 89 a%el!8la"t!%a Che ?ath!l!,("t %a9 al"! e"/$(8e /ha$a/te$("t(/" !# the t&%!$ .h(/h %a7e (t %!$e /!'/e$'(', "&/h a"F ee? ('1a"(!' !# the t&%!$@ ('1a"(!' !# 'e$1e"@ ('1a"(!' !# the l9%?h 1e""el"@ ('1a"(!' !# 8l!! 1e""el" a' the ?$e"e'/e !# %<(?le "e?a$ate /a'/e$" (' the a$ea;
ht t p: / / www. ahns. i nf o/ r esour ces/ edu cat i on/ pat i ent _educat i on/ or al cavi t y/
16)Lossoft ast ei nt heant er i or t onguei sr el at edt o a.Faci alner ve* * * * * * * * * * * * b.Hypogl ossalner ve c.Gl ossophar yngeal d.Vagus
17)Di agnosi sf ori nci pentpr oxi mal car i esi npr i mar yt eet hi sby i l e :a.Tact b.Ex ami nat i on c.Radi ogr aph d.??
i ffiber opt i copt i onpr esenti t s pr ef er dt hanbi t wi ngr adi ogr aph
18)Ner vef orant er i orgi ngi vaof maxi l l ar yt eet h: a.Nasopal at i ne b.Gr eat erpal at i ne c.Post er i orsuper i oral veol arner ve d.??
The superior alveolar nerves, anterior, and posterior, form a loop within the maxilla. From this loop dental and gingival branches arise that supply the upper teeth, and the upper gums.
Innervation Innervation of the gingiva gingiva of of the maillary arch is from the superior alveolar nerves !anterior, !anterior, middle, and posterior branches", infraorbital nerve, and the greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves !#ig. $% &$". Innervation of the gingiva of the mandibular arch is from the mental nerve, buccal nerve, and the sublingual branch of the lingual nerve .!#ig. $%&&" Innervation of the teeth and periodontal ligament of the maillary arch is from the superior alveolar nerves !anterior, !anterior, middle, and posterior
branches". Innervation of the teeth and periodontal ligament of the mandibular arch is from the inferior alveolar nerve
http://www.onedent.com/foundations,of,perio dontics/nere-supply-to-theperiodontium/ 19)Radi ogr aphf ordi skper f or at i on a.MRI b.Ar t hr ogr aphy * * * * c .CT d.?
Krthrogram LMray sensitive dye is in$ected into the T-N $oint capsule and xMrays of the T-N are taken
. Superior test for determining disc dislocation and disc degeneration or perforation. Sometimes in cases of mild disc dislocations this test may be therapeutic in itself as the fluid dye allows the disc to OfloatO back into place. http://www.oralsurgerysandieg o.com/tmj.htm 20)Spacemai nt ai nert or epl ace pr emat ur el ossofsecondpr i mar y t eet hwi t houter upt i onoffir st per manentmol ar : a.Di s t al s hoe* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * b.Bandandl oop c .Li ngual ar c h d.?
di s t al s hoeappl i anc eus edwhen s ec ondpr i mar ymol arl os sandfi r s t per manentmol arhasnoter upt ed
http://www.slideshare.net/ma ahguys/space-maintainer 21)Gat esgl i dden a.Hasnumber s69 b.Forc or onal pr epar at i on* * * * * * * * * * * * * c .Br eak si fs t uc k d.??
Used to help achieve straight line access and in preparation of the coronal zone. Removal of the palatal hump http://uizlet.com/!"0!&!/en dodontics-1ash-cards/
22)Whatpar tofRPDt hatpr ovi des occl usalsuppor tandpr event s movementf r om t i ssue a.Di r ec tr et ai ner b.Res t * * * * * * * * * * * * c .? d.?PQ J2A 23 i ndi r ec tr et ai ner
http://www.slideshare.net/amm ar90#/remoable-partialdenture 23)Oni nt r acanali nst r ument st aper 2means: a.0. 02i nc r eas ei ndi amet erbet ween eac hi ns t r ument b.Amountofi nc r eas ei ndi amet er ( t heydi dn’ twr i t eas pec i fi c number ) * * * * * * * * * * *
c .? d.? 02i nc r eas ei ndi amet erpermm of l engt hont hes amei ns t r ument 24)f unct i onappl i ance 1bi onat or * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 2-headgear 3r ev er s eac t i v at edheadgear 4Fac es hel l Dent al dec k s2012
unctional appliances are 89 definition 34 Dones# that change the5 posture of the mandible# holding it open or open and for%ard. )tretch of the muscles and soft tissues creates pressures transmitted to
the' dental and skeletal structures# mo,ing teeth and modifying# gro%th.. They are used to treat 'lass#.ll malocclnsions. unctional ppliances (in brief) 6 'lassified as! • Tissue borne! The.rankel functional appliance is the only tissue borne functi7nal appliance# %hich ser,es to expand the arch by '(padding)againstthe pressureoi the lips and cheeks 011 the teeth and postures the mandible for%ard and do%n%ard. • Tooth borne! • cti,ator.! advanc's. the mandible to a' edge'to* edgeposition to inducem.andibular gro%th for the correction of'lass HH malocclusion. The maxillary teeth a$e pre,ented from empting
..by the acrylic8shelf%hile man9(buar posteriorteeth are free to erupt. This impro,es the deep bite seen.in'lassllcases. e&ionator: similar to8the acti,ator ('Ifunction butits design is a trimmed-do%n ,ersion ofthe acti,ator to make it more comfortable to %ear. e5;erbst/+plia..ce'itcan be fixed or partially remo,a.ble. metal rod and atube-telescopic apparatus iin bloekappliafice! the-t%opiece acrylic appliance posturestbemandible for%ard %ith help ofocclusa11y inclined guiding planes andbite blocks. The8,ertical separation ofthe 4a%s is also configured 89the height ofthe bite blocks. t postures the mandible for>ard to induce 25))Ptwi t hwi decl ef tl i pandpal at e l i padhesi onornasoal veol ar mol di ngpl anned a)Fewweekaf t erbi r t h b)Fi r s t–t hi r dmont h* * * * * * * * * * c ) Thi r dt os i x t h d)6–9
The timing of the lip repair is generally between 2 and 3 months
of age, calculated from the expected due date
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go/p mc/articles/23("&#!/ 26)Pat i entcompl ai nsf r om col dt he bestt esti s: a.El ec t r i ct es t b.Col dt es t * * * * * * * * * * * c .Per c us s i ont es t d.Per i odont al pr obe
2.2. +eplication of ymptoms and riggers for -ain iagnostic -urposes The replication of symptoms and triggers for pain diagnostic purposes [", !%] is :commonly done
4i5to localise the source of pain 4ii5as an aid in e7cluding non odontogenic orofacial pain. In cases where an inflamed pulp is suspected to be the source of pain with the patient complaining of pain onset and aggravation by specific thermal triggers, pulp testing agents are useful in identifying the offending tooth [, !&]. When the presentation of pain is inconsistent and atypical with the possibility of referred or nonodontogenic pain, pulp testing can assist in the correct diagnosis by a process of confirmation or .elimination
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijd/2 /009/365785 27)EDTA REMOVES-CALCI FI ED TI SSUE
28)Ageatwhi chcr ownf or mat i onof 3r dmol ari sfini shed a.10 b.13* * * * * * * * * * * * * c .17 d.19
http://www.angle.org/doi/pdf/!0 .!0&%/000%%"!94!96"50%"8%(0"0:3$) ;8%
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