project management

By Satish Yadavalli

VARIO RIOUS US STA STAGES GES OF PROJECT

PAVE A PATH FOR  SUCCESSFUL CO"PLETION

STATUS UPATING THROUGH NET!ORK AN GIVING EARLY !ARNINGS

ATA COLLECTION

PLANNING & SCHEULING

Project : Converting a vision, a dream or a need to reality.  A job that has a beginning and an end (Time)  A

specifed outcome(Scope)  At a stated level o erormance erormance (!uality)  At a budget(Costs).

Project Characteristics : 

Tempor emporary ary : "as defnite Start and #inish    Unique $ roduct%Service is di&erent in some

distinguishing distinguish ing 'ay

Management : anagement is the techniue o understanding the problems, needs and controlling the use o *esources, Cost, Time, Scope and !uality !ua lity.. Project Management : Application o knowledge, skills , tools & techniques to project activities in order to meet stakeholder  needs + epectations rom a project. Needs : stated part o the project Expectations : unstated part o the project “Completion o Project on time within !udget “Completion without comprising "ualit# "ualit#$ $

!hy d# $#%a'i(s )s( P"* • • • • • • • •

 To handle projects e&ectively in an organi-ation.  To defne the project and agree 'ith the customer  To plan and assess resource needs or the project  To estimate project cost and mae proposals  To plan + schedule activities in a project.  To allocate the right resource at the right time.  To assess ris and ailure points and mae bacup plans.  To lead a project team e&ectively and communicate 'ell among team members.

!hy d# (#l( l(a+' P"* • • • • •

 To eplore the latest concepts and techniues o project management.  To increase value%contribution to the organi-ation. To prove yoursel sillul in managing projects.  To learn a ne' thought process that helps organi-ed thining and structured approach.  To acuire a proessional degree% recognition and increase job prospects. /ndless possibilities and benefts00..

Project Management Plan : “ Tells "o' 'or 'ill be done1

 The ey to a successul project is on the planning. All the detailed planning 'or or di&erent aspects o the project is integrated into one single plan no'n as the roject anagement lan.

%he PM Plan estalishes the projects: !hy

Project Management Overview

Project Management Process

roject anagement rocess 3roups

STAGES

P'(NN)N* -C.E/0')N * C+N%+'')N * C'+-)N*

Most important phase o the project management.

lanning is an art and science o converting a set o objectives to reali-ation through a series o steps eecuted in an organi-ed and predicted 'ay so that there 'ill be less reuirement o changes in the plan later on.  The old saying 4lan the 'or, 5or the plan1

STAGES P'(NN)N*

-cheduling Phase is the process o ormali-ing the planned -C.E/0')N activities, assigning the durations, * resources and seuence o occurrence in consultation 'ith the C+N%+'')N * team members. C'+-)N*

Planning and -cheduling phases are under taen beore the actual project starts.

STAGES P'(NN)N* -C.E/0')N *

C+N%+'') N* C'+-)N*

Controlling phase is undertaen during the actual project implementation.

roject controlling is a mechanism established to determine deviations rom the project base schedule, to re6plan + reschedule during implementation to compensate the deviations on the basis o commissioning minima, 7o' o resources lie fnance, manpo'er, euipment + application techniues.

STAGES P'(NN)N* -C.E/0')N * C+N%+'')N *

C'+-)N*

Closing phase is the last phase o the project 'hich brings close out o the complete project. 5hatever the project reuirements are pre6defned, during this phase the total delivery is made and it is accepted by the customer.

aimum con7icts can arise in the project during this phase bet'een those 'ho have 'ored to deliver the outcome (contractor) and those 'ho are accepting the results o the 'or (customer).

P" K'#,l(d-( A+(as .

Change

Integration /

Document

6

Procure ment

Scope

PM Knowledge Areas

Cost

Risk 3

Communi Cation 5

Human Resource 4

0

Time

Quality 2

1

Project Integration Management  Project

)ntegration Management supports various elements o project management 'hich are identifed, defned, combined and coordinated.  8evelop

roject Charter 8evelop roject anagement lan 8irect and anage roject eecution onitor and Control roject 5or erorm 9ntegrate Change Control Close roject or Close

Project Integration Management P+#7($t Cha+t(+ 8  DOCUMENT that formally authorizes a roject!  Provi"e information a#out internal an" e$ternal arties involve"

in an" affecte" #y the roject!  Documenting initial re%uirements that satisfy the sta&e hol"ers'

nee"s an" e$ectations!  I((UED #y a roject initiator or sonsor) e$ternal to roject

organization) at a level aroriate to roject fun"ing!  EMPO*E+( the roject manager to aly resources to roject!  (ummary level Milestone sche"ule an" (ummary level ,u"get!

P+#7($t S$#( "a'a-(%('t  Project

scope management  includes the processes reuired to ensure that the project includes all the 'or reuired, and only the 'or reuired to complete the project successully

 Collect

reuirements 8efne Scope Create 5:S ;eriy Scope

P+#7($t S$#( "a'a-(%('t !BS 9 !#+: B+(a:d#,' St+)$t)+( 8 - "elivera#le.oriente" hierarchical "ecomosition of wor& to #e

e$ecute" #y the roject team to/ • create re%uire" "elivera#les •  accomlish roject o#jectives  *,( organizes an" "efines the total scoe an" reresents

secifie" in the current arove" (coe (tatement0  Process of su#"ivi"ing roject "elivera#les an" roject wor& into

more managea#le comonents!  1owest level of *,( is wor& ac&age can #e sche"ule") cost

estimate") monitore") an" controlle"!

TYPICAL !BS OF A PROJECT OVERALL PROJECT

ENGINEERING

PROCURE"ENT

CONSTRUCTION SITE " OBILISATION

BASIC ENGINEERING

ETAILE ENGINEERING

PLACE"ENT OF ORER ON VENORS

"ANUFACTURING & ELIVERY

PROJECT ENGINERING

CIVIL !ORK

Piling work

Civil work for Main equipment

STRUCTURAL STEEL !ORK E;UIP"ENT INSTALLATION PIPING INSTALLATION ELEC@ INSTALLATION E;UIP"ENT RECEIVE AT SITE

INSTRU"EN@ INSTALLATION

< =>? INSULATION & PAINTING

•

2P1 . *,(

COL CO""ISSIONING HOT CO""ISSIONING

Civil work for Aux. Facilities

Project Time Management  roject

Time anagement ensures the timely completion o the project.   lan

Schedule anagement  8efne Activities  Seuence Activities  /stimate Activity *esources  /stimate Activity 8urations  8evelop Schedule  Control Schedule

Project Time Management

Project Time Management 

Schedule once fnali-ed is set as a baseline  rogress o 'or are traced against the baseline  Current progress is arrived rom various (/ngineering, roc, anuacturing and Construction) Tracers developed or the purpose. These schedules are called current schedules  Analysis and orecasting is done in progress reports. Schedule using S roject Schedule using rimavera (//8S or 'hich it 'as undertaen.  lan

!uality erorm !uality Assurance erorm !uality control 5hat is !uality? 

 Conormance to specifcations   #itness or use

Project 3uality Management Plan "ualit# %echniques

@ Cause and e&ect diagram @ #lo'charts @ Chec sheets @ areto diagrams @ "istogram @ Control charts @ Scatter diagram

Project 4uman +esource Management  roject

human resource management includes the processes that organi-e, manage, and lead the project team and to mae most e&ective use o people involved in the project.   8evelop

"uman *esource lan (*ole + *esponsibility, rgani-ation chart, StaBng anagement lan)  Acuire project team  8evelop project team  anage project team rgani-ation Chart

Project 4uman +esource Management

 roject

Project Communications Management

communication management include processes reuired to ensure timely and appropriate generation, collection, distribution, storage, retrieval, and ultimate disposal o project inormation.  9dentiy

Staeholders  lan Communication  8istribute 9normation  anage Staeholders epectations  *eport erormance *AC9

Project Communications P+#7($t Sta:(h#ld(+s 8Management  Customers5users  (onsor   Portfolio managers5ortfolio review #oar"  Program managers  Project management office  Project managers  Project team  6unctional managers  Oerations management

Project Communications Management

Project +is& Management  roject

*is anagement is concerned 'ith identiying, analy-ing and responding to project riss.

 lan

*is anagement 9dentiy *iss erorm !ualitative *is Analysis erorm !uantitative *is Analysis lan *is responses onitor and Control *iss +is&  *is *egister

Project Procurement Management  roject

rocurement anagement is needed to acuire material, goods and services outside perorming organi-ation to meet project scope.

  lan

rocurements  Conduct rocurement  Administer Contracts  Close rocurement

Project Change Management  rojects

generally dont go DEEF as planned resulting into variations rom plans in scope, time, cost, uality

 Change

control boards (CC:s)

Project Document Management 8ocument management is very important (but largely ignored) aspect o project management  This

can be a sophisticated sot'are or simple ecel sheets depending on the organi-ation strategy

 nce

adopted its use should be ully eploited vi-. DEEF documents should pass through it and document revie's should be done as per the matri defned

 9S

o document status be generated at the end o period

Project Document Management  roper

8S ensures right inormation to all staeholders at all times  Avoid using obsolete dra'ings and designs or eecution  Serves a very good engine or uture use o project data  /ample o a simple document management system 8ocument control log

S-Curve in Monthly Progress Report Progress reporting is done through different formats and curves.

Ahat is “- Cur@e$

S6 Curve is the graphic display o cumulative progress plotted against time. 9deal S 6 Curve is a sinusoidal curve based on the ollo'ing ormulae$  1 2 34 5 sin6x7xn849 ; ?  G H ercent progress  H eriod at 'hich s6curve value reuired n H Total period  The name is derived rom the ISI lie nature o the curve.

Progress distribution curve

P(a: P(+i#d

    s     s     e     r     g     o     r      P

C)%)lativ( +#-+(ss C)+v( Pl#tt(d i' a di(+('t s$al(

Sta+ti'- P(+i#d

Fi'ishi'- P(+i#d

Time

)t is an ideal distriution cur@eB /epending upon the @arious guiding actors it ma# @ar#B

- Cur@e$ or Project 'ie C#cle