Programa Dia Del Conquistador

 

Yrjarhgh phrh fb kubtj

8. Vsf fb Ghluhb Hmgdldstrhtdvj Hmgdldstrhtdvj mfb Kbuc mf Kjlqudsthmjrfs Kjlqudsthmjrfs (GHK) H) [faudr fb audjl mfb prjarhgh sfaÿl bj quf hp hphrfkf hrfkf fl fb GHK, fl bhs pèadlhs 818 y 813. C) Bffr thgcdäl fb GHK ph phrh rh vfr (pp. 81; y 81=) suafrflkdhs phrh ulh bdlmh dghafl (chlmfrh, trdèlaubj, dmfhbfs mfb Kbuc, ftk.) fl rfbhkdûl hb Mçh Gulmdhb mfb Kjlqudsthmjr. K) [d ustfm lj tdflf tjmhvçh fb GHK, vfh hquç

3. Yrfsfltf ulh crfvf edstjrdh mf su Kbuc? H) Høj mf nulmhkdûl. C) Fl kuèltjs fvfltjs rfadjlhbfs, m mf f bh Hsjkdhkdûl, bh Vldûl j bh Mdvdsdûl fstuvdfr fstuvdfrjl jl prfsfltfs. K) Chutdsgjs mfb høj phshmj fl fb Kbuc y kuhltjs nufrhl y sfrèl chutdzhm chutdzhmjs js fl fstf Chutdsgj mf Yrdghvfrh. M) Yrfsflthr h bjs quf nufrjl gdfgcrjs gdfgcrjs mfb Kbuc. F) Gflkdjlhr kuèltjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs Kjlqudsthmjrfs ehy fl ulh Hsjkdhkdûl/Vldûl/bh Mdvdsdûl [umhgfrdkhlh (399.999) y fl fb gulmj (8.6;9.999)

;. ]frgdlf kjl ul ghrhvdbbjsj g hrhvdbbjsj Chutdsgj mf Yrdghvfrh.

GHK

 ‛  pp.

818

ehsth 81= =.4.;. MÇH MFB KJLXVD[]HMJS - YSJASHGH

Fstf fs ul mçh fspfkdhb y lj sjbj ulh kfrfgjldh, hulquf fb prjarhgh mf bh Fskufbh [hcètdkh j fb Kubtj mf Hmjrhkdûl y fb Kubtj Ojvfl sfhl fspfkdhbfs khmh ulj h su gjmj. Fs ul mçh kfbfcrhmj kjbfktdvhgfltf pjr tjmjs bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs mf bh Mdvdsdûl [umhgfrdkhlh (lj fs gulmdhb), fs fb tfrkfr sèchmj mf sfptdfgcrf. Fb Mçh mfb Kjlqudsthmjr fs fb gjgfltj mf prfsflthr h bh dabfsdh su trhchoj (pjr fsj fb prjarhgh mfcf sfr fl bh dabfsdh). Mfcdmj h quf sf rfhbdzh hbbç, lj ehy gukejbhs quf khgcdhr mf bh mjxjbjaçh fsthcbfkdmh, pfrj bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs mfcfl phrtdkdphr fl tjmhs hktdvdmhmfs, kjgj prfsflthr bh bfkkdûl mf bh Fskufbh [hcètdkh, fb dlnjrghtdvj mf bhs gdsdjlfs, fb gflshof gusdkhb, bh rfkjbfkkdûl mf bjs bj s mdfzgjs y fb sfrgûl. Hmfgès, bhs phr phrtdkdphkdjlfs tdkdphkdjlfs mfcfl sfr dltfrfshltfs y cdfl prfphrhmhs phrh quf bh dabfsdh lj kjlsdmfrf fb prjarhgh mfb Kbuc kjgj gfmdjkrf. Fl fsf mçh thgcdäl sf pufmf rfhbdzhr ulh Dlvfstdmurh phrh bjs quf lj pumdfrjl dlvfstdrsf h ndl

mf høj, pfrj LJ [F MFCF SFHBD_HS FL BH EJSH MFB KVB]J MF HMJSHKDÛL. Yjr fsj, sf ehrè fl ul ejrhrdj mdnfrfltf mfb Kubtj K ubtj mf Hmjrhkdûl, kjgj fl fb Kubtj Ojvfl j fb vdfrlfs mf ljkef. Fb Gdldstfrdj mf Kjlqudsthmjrfs mf bh Mdvdsdûl [umhgfrdkhlh pjlf h mdspjsdkdûl khmh høj ulh suafrflkdh mf prjarhgh, quf pufmf kjlsfaudrsf choèlmjbj mfb sdtdj jndkdhb j fl kjlthktj kjl bh Hsjkdhkdûl/Gdsdûl.

Fsf mçh fs jcbdahkdûl tflfr? • Edglj mf bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs 

 

• Dmfhbfs  • Chlmfrhs y mfkjrhkdûl fspfkdhb fl bh dabfsdh.  • Vldnjrgf jndkdhb  • Fltrfah mf bh Dlsdaldh mf Fxkfbflkdh (fl khsj mf quf fb Kbuc lj jptf pjr fltrfahrbh fl bh kfrfgjldh mf kdfrrf). • Yhrtdkdphkdûl mf bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs fl tjmj fb prjarhgh?  Sfkfpkdûl, bfkkdûl mf bh Fskufbh [hcètdkh, gjgfltjs mf hbhchlzh, rfkjbfkkdûl mf mdfzgjs y jnrflmhs, ftk. • [frgûl mf bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs fl fb Kubtj mf Hmjrhkdûl phrh bh dabfsdh. 

Fsf mçh thgcdäl sf pufmf tflfr? • Kfrfgjldh mf Hmgdsdûl.  • Kfrfgjldh mf fltrfah mf Fspfkdhbdmhmfs.  • Dlvfstdmurh.  • Yrfsflthkdjlfs gusdkhbfs  • Kubtj Ojvfl mf Hkkdûl mf Arhkdhs  • Fvfltj rfkrfhtdvj mf ljkef  

Fofgpbj suafrdmj 8 (sèchmj mf ghøhlh)? Bh dabfsdh mfkjrhmh? Fl bh fltrhmh pufmf pjlfr njtjs y ul pfquføj gusfj mfb Kbuc kjl sus trjnfjs, nbjrfs0 chlmfrhs mfb phçs, prjvdlkdh/rfadûl, kdumhm, Kjlqudsthmjrfs, Kbuc bjkhb0 fb pÿbpdtj kjl fb fskumj mfb Kbuc0 khrph, gjkedbhs, kufrmhs y fqudpjs0 chlmfrdlfs y khrtfbfs kjl bjs dmfhbfs. 5?;9 Jrhkdûl y gjgfltj mf hbhchlzh 5?=6 Bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs flkhrahmjs mf bh rfkfpkdûl sf phrhl fl bh pufrth mf bh dabfsdh. 4?99 Vl mdrfktjr hsjkdhmj mh bh cdflvfldmh y mdrdaf bh Fskufbh [hcètdkh mf bjs hmubtjs. Khmh kjlqudsthmjr fsthrè fl su shbh j Vldmhm kjrrfspjlmdfltf? Ouvfldbfs, dltfrgfmdhrdjs,  oûvflfs y hmubtjs. Bjs kjlsfofrjs, kjlsfofrjs, dlstruktjrfs y mfgès gdfgcr gdfgcrjs js mf bh mdrfkkdûl mfcfl phrtdkdphr mf bh Fskufbh [hcètdkh y kuhlmj nufrh pjsdcbf prfsflthr bh bfkkdûl. Fstdgubhr h bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs h prfsflthr fb dlnjrgf mf bhs gdsdjlfs y ulh phrtf fspfkdhb gusdkhb. 89?89 Fb Kbuc sf rfÿlf nufrh mf bh dabfsdh. Bjs kjgpjlfltfs kjgpjlfltfs mf bh pbhthnjrgh sf jrahldzhl? tjmjs mfcfl fsthr uldnjrghmjs y kjl sus nulkdjlfs mfndldmhs. Bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs bdmfrhmjs pjr ul kjlsfofrj mdrdafl bjs gjgfltjs mf bjs khltjs. 89?39 - 88?;9 Fltrhmh mf bjs kjgpjlfltfs mf bh pbhthnjrgh, mf bjs hchlmfrhmjs y fltrhmh mfb Kbuc hkjgphøhmjs mf ulh gÿsdkh mf ghrkeh. Bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs sf kjbjkhl mf pdf fl sus buahrfs. Khmh Vldmhm kjl su rfspfktdvj kjlsfofrj fl bhs chlkhs. Dmfhbfs vjtj y bfy (sdfgprf kjl ulh kjpdh phrh tjmjs bjs gdfgcrjs j fl bh phlthbbh). Edglj mf bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs Jrhkdûl mf dlvjkhkdûl mfb prfmdkhmjr Cdflvfldmh Sfkjafr jnrflmhs y mdfzgjs pjr bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs mdèkjljs Edglj dldkdhb Jrhkdûl mf rjmdbbhs Hmjrhkdûl dlnhltdb? Edstjrdh kjlthmh pjr ul kjlsfofrj j pjr ulh Vldmhm Fltrfah mf bh dlsdaldh j mdstdltdvj mf Fxkfbflkdh (fl fb khsj quf fb Kbuc ehyh jpthmj pjr lj fltrfahrbh fl bh kfrfgjldh mf kdfrrf) Gflshof [frgûl gusdkhb? Kjlqudsthmjrfs

 

Edglj ndlhb Jrhkdûl y shbdmh jrahldzhmh mf bjs kjgpjlfltfs mf bh pbhthnjrgh, Kjlqudsthmjrfs y kjlarfahkdûl Fltrfah mf ul rfkufrmj h bhs nhgdbdhs mf bh dabfsdh. Fb Kubtj mf Hmjrhkdûl, kjgj fs fb kubtj gès trhmdkdjlhb mf bh dabfsdh, lj mfcf hbtfrhrsf rhmdkhbgfltf. [dl fgchraj, sf pufmf jrahldzhr kjl bh gèxdgh phrtdkdphkdûl mf gfljrfs y hmjbfskfltfs.

Fofgpbj suafrdmj 3 (sèchmj mf thrmf)? Bh dabfsdh mfkjrhmh? Mdvdmdr fb nrfltf mf bh dabfsdh fl trfs hgcdfltfs? fl ulj, ulh cdcbdjtfkh (ushr sdbbjlfs y kjbjkhr ul fsthltf kjl bdcrjs)0 jtrj fsphkdj fsphkdj phrh bh rfuldûl mfb Kbuc (sf pufmf pufmf kjbjkhr fb gèstdb y buahr phrh quf bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs fstäl njrghmjs)0 y ulh shbh mf fsthr (kjbjkhr ul sdbbûl, ulh hbnjgcrh y ulh gfsdth fl fb kfltrj). 8>?;9 Bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs flkhrahmjs mf bh rfkfpkdûl sf kjbjkhl fl bh pufrth mf bh dabfsdh. 8>?=6 Jrhkdûl y gjgfltjs mf hbhchlzh. Fl bj pjsdcbf, bjs gjgfltjs mf hbhchlzh mfcfl fsthr hkjgphøhmjs pjr dlstrugfltjs gusdkhbfs, lj lfkfshrdhgfltf kjl bh phrtdkdphkdûl mf bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs tjkhlmj. Fb mdrfktjr mfcf sfr fltusdhsth f dltfarhr h bh dabfsdh hb khlthr bjs edgljs. 81?99 Dldkdj mf bh rfprfsflthkdûl Bh edstjrdh fs fsth? Vl gfljr quf gdrh hbauljs bdcrjs mf bh cdcbdjtfkh mf bh hcufbh flkufltrh njtjs hltdauhs (sf pufmfl phshr bhs njtjs pjr fb tfbûl). [u hcufbh fltrh y kjgdflzh h kjlthr ulh edstjrdh mf hbauljs pdjlfrjs mf bh dabfsdh? pjr fofgpbj, Audbbfrgj Gdbbfr, qudfl bbfvû fb gflshof mf fspfrhlzh mfb rfarfsj mf Krdstj h su aflfrhkdûl. Bh hcufbh dldkdh bh edstjrdh y fl ul gjgfltj mhmj fbbh mfoh mf ehcbhr y bh edstjrdh kjltdlÿh fl vdvj, kjl Audbbfrgj Gdbbfr jrhlmj, bbfah su sjcrdlj Drvdla y bj bbhgh h prfmdkhr. Fltjlkfs Audbbfrgj shbf y kjgdflzh h hlulkdhr bhs vfrmhmfs quf hprflmdû. ^jbvdflmj h bh hcufbh, kdth fofgpbjs mf pfrsjlhs quf kjlqudsthrjl kj lqudsthrjl kjl fspfrhlzh fl sus aflfrhkdjlfs f dlkfltdvh hb ldftj h bbfvhr fsth dmfh h su Kbuc mf Kjlqudsthmjrfs. 81?89 Mdlègdkh kjl bh dabfsdh da bfsdh (kjlkursj mf lumjs kjl bjs gdfgcrjs, kjl ul vdmfj quf mfgufstrh bjs lumjs y fb gdfgcrj tdflf t dflf quf ehkfr bj gdsgj0 tfst mf prfaulths y rfspufsths, ftk.). 81?39 [faulmj hktj mf bh rfprfsflthkdûl? Fl fb sfaulmj kuhmrj, bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs fstèl fl ulh rfuldûl mfb Kbuc y fb mdrfktjr bjs dlvdth h fltrfahr fb ghtfrdhb gdsdjlfrj h bh kjguldmhm. Fltjlkfs hbaudfl mfb Kbuc ehkf ulh jrhkdûl y bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs sf mdstrdcuyfl pjr bh lhvf mf bh dabfsdh gdfltrhs fltrfahl ulh throfth t hrofth mf harhmfkdgdfltj h bjs prfsfltfs pjr ehcfr fsthmj fl fb prjarhgh mfb Mçh mfb Kjlqudsthmjr. Yufmf sfr thgcdäl ul rfkufrmdtj efkej pjr bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs. 81?36 Yhrh tfrgdlhr fsth fskflh, fb kjlqudsthmjr bbfah h su khsh y flkufltrh h sus phmrfs fl bh shbh mf fsthr y bfs kuflth sjcrf fb prjyfktj gdsdjlfrj quf edkdfrjl. Bjs phmrfs qufmhl ghrhvdbbhmjs y kjgflthl bh cflmdkdûl mf pfrtflfkfr hb Kbuc mf Kjlqudsthmjrfs. Fltjlkfs tjmjs, phmrfs y Kjlqudsthmjrfs sf bfvhlthl f dlvdthl h bh dabfsdh h phrtdkdphr mf bh kfrfgjldh mf Dlvfstdmurh.

Fxpbdkhr quf fstfkjl fs ul gjgfltj quf sdgcjbdzh bh prfphrhkdûl quf bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs rfkdcfl phrh kjlqudsthr fspfrhlzh.

 

  81?;9 Dlvfstdmurh Fb rfadjlhb fxpbdkh h bjs prfsfltfs fb sdaldndkhmj mf bh kfrfgjldh f dlvdth h tjmjs bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs quf sfrèl dlvfstdmjs h fltrhr fl bh dabfsdh hb sjl mf ulh ghrkeh. Fl sfaudmh dlvdth h tjmjs bjs bçmfrfs dlvfstdmjs h phrtdkdphr mf bh fltrfah mf bjs fgcbfghs. ^hl ehsth bh gfsh, tjghl fb cjtûl y sf kjbjkhl nrfltf hb kjlqudsthmjr. Bj shbumhl kjl fb shbumj Ghrhlhth. Fb Kjlqudsthmjr mfcfrè rfspjlmfr hb shbumj kjl bh nrhsf? ‒Krdstj vdflf‗. Fb bçmfr bj dlvdstf, bj nfbdkdth y sf sdflth. Bjs Kjlqudsthmjrfs pfrghlfkfl pfrghlfkfl fl pdf fl pjsdkdûl mf ndrgfs. Fb rfadjlhb

mdrdaf fb vjtj mf Dlvfstdmurh. 81?=6 Fb phstjr (fl khsj mf quf lj pufmh ul bçmfr mf bh mdrfktdvh) kdfrrh kjl ulh jrhkdûl mf kjlsharhkdûl. 81?69 [hbdmh jrahldzhmh Fs guy dgpjrthltf sfr crfvf fl khmh kuhmrj prfsflthmj phrh lj khlshr h dabfsdh. Fb sfkrftj mf kuhbqudfr prjarhgh fs bh pbhldndkhkdûl pbhldndkhk dûl y flshyj0 lj mfohr tjmj phrh ÿbtdgh ejrh. ]jmhs bhs kfrfgjldhs mfcfl qufmhr rfadstrhmhs kjl njtjs f dlnjrgf. Mfcfl kjlsthr fl bh edstjrdh mfb Kbuc.