Profibus

Industrial Communication Chapter 6: Profibus

Profibus Features

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Introduction ● Profibus = PROcess FIeld BUS ● Initialized in 1987 by the German Ministry for Research and Technological Development. ● Now managed by an association of PROFIBUS Manufacturers, Users and research institutions ● More than 1100 members worldwide (Profibus International)

● Conforms to standard EN 50 170 ● 3 Versions of Profibus ● Profibus FMS ● Profibus PA ● Profibus DP http://www.profibus.org Industrial Communication Course with Unity Pro - Profibus Schneider Electric | Industry Business | Training | E. Pauchet – V5.0 – June 2010

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Profibus Versions

Profinet

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Layers Used in ISO Model ● 3 Layers used for Profibus APPLICATION

Cyclical and Acyclical data services

PRESENTATION

Not used

SESSION

Not used

TRANSPORT

Not used

NETWORK

Not used

DATALINK

Serial link Master/Slave or Token Ring if multimaster

PHYSICAL

RS 485 or Fiber Optic

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Physical Layer ● RS485 or Fiber Optic ● Baudrate from 9.6 Kbps to 12 Mbits ● Max distance without Repeaters: Depends on the Baudrate Bit rate

Length (cable type A)

9.6 Kb/s 187.5 Kb/s

500 Kb/s

1,5 Mb/s

3 Mb/s

19.2 Kb/s

6 Mb/s

93.75 Kb/s

12 Mb/s

1200 m

1000 m

400 m

200 m

100 m

● Maximum number of stations: 32 without repeaters, 122 with 3 repeaters ● Address range : 1 to 125 ● Address 126 : reserved for address assignment via the bus ● Address 127 : reserved for broadcast and multicast

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Connections ● SubD 9 or Open Connector

VP*

(6)

B

(3)

A

(8)

DGnd* (5)

390 Ω

Data line B

390 Ω

220 Ω

Data line A

220 Ω 390 Ω

390 Ω

A (8)

B (3)

Device 2

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A (8)

VP*

(6)

B

(3)

A

(8)

DGnd* (5)

B (3)

Device 3

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Link Layer ● Passive stations (slaves) uses the master-slave concept. ● Master polls the slaves one by one. ● The transmit message send to the slaves is called « PPO » (Parameter Process Object).

● Active stations communication is based on the token ring concept. Active stations = master devices

Passive stations = slaves devices Industrial Communication Course with Unity Pro - Profibus Schneider Electric | Industry Business | Training | E. Pauchet – V5.0 – June 2010

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Frame Transmission Start Delimiter

Length

Destination address

….

User Data (max. 244 bytes)

Frame check sequence

End delimiter

● Up to 244 bytes of user data in one frame ● Security mechanisms ● ● ● ● ●

Start delimiter and End delimiter Parity bit Slip-free synchronization Frame Sequence Check (CRC) Hamming Distance = 4

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Profibus Distributed Peripherals (DP) ● 3 Types of Stations ● DP Master Class1 (DPM1): Programmable controllers (PLC, PC, etc…) ● DP Master Class2 (DPM2): Development or diagnostic tool ● DP Slave: Peripheral device performing cyclic exchanges with its active station

● 3 Types of Profiles ● DP-V0: basic functionality of DP, including cyclic data exchange (implicit exchanges) station, module and channel-specific diagnostics ● DP-V1: DP-V0 features + on request data communication for parameter assignment (explicit exchange) alarm handling ● DP-V2: for isochronous mode and data exchange broadcast (slave-to-slave communication, dedicated for motion control)

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Application Profile ● Device Variable & Profile Defined in GSD File ● General specifications ●Information on vendor and device names, Hardware & software versions, supported transmission rates … ● Master specifications ●Contain all master related parameters, such as: the maximum slave number that can be connected, or upload and download options. ● Or slaves specifications ● Contain all slave related specifications such as: the number and type of I/O channels, diagnostic texts & information on the available modules in the modular devices case.

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Standardized Profiles ● IO Profiles Defined by the Organization ● Profibus provides some profiles depending of the application to define an interoperability between similar devices for different vendors. ● Examples: ●PROFIdrive (Speed drive device) ● Low-voltage switchgear ● Encoders •ATV71 ● Panel devices (HMI) •TeSys U

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•TeSys T

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Data Exchanged INPUT

● Fixed Mapping ● PKW ● Reach any other data

PERIODIC

● Explicit Exchange

Bytes 0 & 1

Bytes 0 & 1

Bytes 2 & 3

Bytes 2 & 3

Bytes 4 & 5

Bytes 4 & 5

Bytes 6 & 7

PKW Bytes 0 & 1

Bytes 8 & 9

● Read / Write requests ● DPV1 only !

PKW Bytes 0 & 1 APERIODIC

OUPUT

PKW Bytes 2 & 3 PKW Bytes 4 & 5

PKW Bytes 2 & 3 PKW Bytes 4 & 5 PKW Bytes 6 & 7

PKW Bytes 6 & 7 Industrial Communication Course with Unity Pro - Profibus Schneider Electric | Industry Business | Training | E. Pauchet – V5.0 – June 2010

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Configuration Parameters ● Parameter Telegram ● Configuration of the device thanks to the fieldbus ● Depends on the GSD

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Programming Modbus with Unity Pro ● Profibus Remote Master

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PRM: Profibus Remote Master ● Not a Simple Gateway ● Standalone Profibus Master ● Polled by any Unity based PLC with IO Scanning

● Configuration in the DTM Browser ● Configuration of the Master ● Configuration of Slave (3rd party DTM can be added)

● Automatic IO Scanning Line & IODDT Variable Creation ● Program it as it was an in rack module

● 3 Compatible DTMs ● Master DTM ● Generic Profibus Device DTM ● Comm DTM

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Hardware Description ● 4 leds for PRM and PROFIBUS diagnostic ● Embedded dual port Ethernet switch ● Daisy chain (loop in a next step) ● 2 status led / port

● Sub D9 PROFIBUS RS485 connector ● 9.6 Kbps to 12 Mbps

● External 24V power supply ● 2 rotary switch for Device_Name assignment (FDR) Industrial Communication Course with Unity Pro - Profibus Schneider Electric | Industry Business | Training | E. Pauchet – V5.0 – June 2010

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Typical Connections

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FDT / DTM Configuration ● Field Device Tool ● Vendor tools integrated inside one tool ● Tools are Device Type Managers (DTM) Frame Application

● Benefit: Common Environment: ● User Management ● DTM Management ● Data Management ● Network Configuration ● Navigation HART

(Device Type Manager DTM)

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HART

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Device Tool Managers

Communication DTM

Communication Driver

Gateway DTM

Device DTM

BTM

Modbus, Ethernet, etc..

Gateway Driver

Device Driver

BTM

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DTM in Unity Pro ● DTM Browser ● Integrated DTM (implemented when module added from the PLC_Bus) ● Dedicated DTM (devices that can interact with Unity Pro application) ● Third Party DTM (Unity Pro used as any other FDT frame application)

● Tools – DTM Browser

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Hardware Catalog ● DTM Database ● Tools Menu – Hardware Catalog

● Update Tool ● Used to add New devices inside the catalog ● DTM must be installed in Windows before

- DTM Config saved into STU or STA (not XEF) - DTM must be installed on the computer (otherwise project cannot be saved) Industrial Communication Course with Unity Pro - Profibus Schneider Electric | Industry Business | Training | E. Pauchet – V5.0 – June 2010

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DTM Transfer ● With Project Transfer ● Integrated DTM

● Direct Ethernet Communication ● Dedicated or Third Party DTM

PRM Switch

PLC

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DTM Transfer for Non Integrated DTM ● From DTM Browser, Select Connect then Store data to device

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PRM Master DTM ● Master DTM ● Dedicated DTM to be used with Unity Pro ● Profibus topology description by instantiating Device DTMs in the FDT frame browser ● Profibus network scan capability ● PLC I/O Scanner lines automatically configured in Unity Pro to scan the PRM process image ● Ready-to-use structured variables automatically created in Unity Pro for the Profibus devices ● Configuration saved as part of the Unity Pro application

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PRM Master DTM ● Dedicated to Unity Pro

UNITY Pro V5.0

Ethernet

PRM

DP Class 1 Profibus DP

Input

Profibus PA

PRM master DTM Generic DTM

Device DTM

GSD file

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PRM Generic Profibus Device DTM ● Generic Profibus Device DTM ● Enable the configuration of the device based on the GSD file

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PRM CommDTM ● CommDTM ● Supervision & partial configuration of the PRM ● Can be used in Unity and any FDT application

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Master DTM and Comm DTM ● Services Can Run in Parallel PRM Com DTM

UNITY Pro V5.0

Asset Management

Ethernet

PRM master DTM

PRM

DP Class 1 Profibus DP

Input

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Profibus PA

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High availability with HSBY architectures compatibility

UNITY Pro V5.0

PLC “primary”

PLC “secondary” Asset Management

Ethernet

DP Class 1 Profibus DP

Input

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Profibus PA

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Exercise ● PRM Master DTM (p6-17) – Install the PRM DTM – Add the PRM inside the Hardware Catalogue – Add the PRM inside a Unity Pro project

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Dynamic Assignment ● IP Assignment Given By Servers

Switch

Request for IP @ Server

Switch

Your IP @ Client

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BootP Server ● Server Has a Populated List of Devices ● Devices identified with their MAC address Device #1

My MAC address is 00.80.F4.FF.00.D5, Can I get an IP Address?

Sure! You are listed in my address table. Take this address: 192.168.0.23

Device #2

Master (Server) 00.80.F4.FF.00.D5

192.168.0.23

00.80.F4.FF.44.21

192.168.0.81

00.80.F4.FF.F2.15

192.168.0.40

My name is 45.80.F4.FF.33.12, Can I get an IP Address?

Sorry, you are not listed into my address table. Use your default IP address

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BootP Server (Cont.) ● Example in Unity Pro

● Limitation: Device Cannot Be Changed without Reconfiguration ● As each device has a unique MAC address, replacing a failed device needs a reconfiguration of the BootP Address Server table.

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DHCP Server ● Same As BootP but Based on Role Name ● User configurable names used instead of MAC Addresses Device #1

My name is STBNIP2212_023, Can I get an IP Address?

Sure! You are listed in my address table. Take this address: 192.168.0.23

Device #2

Master (Server) STBNIP2212_023

192.168.0.23

TesysT_046

192.168.0.87

ATV71_555

192.168.0.21

My name is TesysT_072, Can I get an IP Address?

Sorry, you are not listed into my address table. Use your default IP address

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DHCP How To Create Role Names ● Depends on The Device ● Using embedded HMI (ex: ATV71) ● Using web based applications (ex: Advantys STB) ● Using dedicated applications (ex: Unity Pro) ● Using hardware switches (ex: Tesys T, Advantys STB)

● Hardware Switches Example: ● Base name + Custom number derived from Switches STBNIP2212_123

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DHCP Server ● Example with Unity Pro

● Advantage: Easiness of Replacement ● Compared to the BootP method, replacing a faulty device with DHCP doesn’t need to reconfigure the PLC application. Industrial Communication Course with Unity Pro - Profibus Schneider Electric | Industry Business | Training | E. Pauchet – V5.0 – June 2010

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FDR Server ● Additional Feature of A DHCP Server. ● Send the stored configuration inside a replaced device Master (Server)

Device #1 My name is TesysT_072, Save my settings now!

TesysT_072

192.168.0.87

Saved Config. of TesysT_072

Device #1

My name is TesysT_072, Can I get an IP Address?

New Device

Sure! You are listed in my table. Take this address: 192.168.0.87 Moreover, I found a configuration corresponding to your role name. Here is your new configuration.

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Master (Server) TesysT_072

192.168.0.87

Saved Config. of TesysT_072

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PRM General Settings ● IP Used For DTM Connection ● DHCP Entry Automatically Copied in the Network Settings ● Name Must Match with Rotary Switches

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Implicit Exchange: IO Scanning ● Table of Words Exchanged Automatically Between Master & Slave

Master / Client

Slave / Server Industrial Communication Course with Unity Pro - Profibus Schneider Electric | Industry Business | Training | E. Pauchet – V5.0 – June 2010

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IO Scanning ● Filling the Different Fields

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IO Scanning (Cont.) ● Debug View Online Mode (M340 and Premium Only)

● IODDT Can Be Configured

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IO Scanning Specific Integration Tool ● Only with Compatible Devices ● PRM / OTB / STB

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Transfer Organization ● Transfer Unity Application to the M340 ● Transfer PRM Configuration Through Ethernet

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Exercises ● PRM Configuration (p6-32) – Set the MAC address – Set the IP address: 192.168.0.X3 – Create the role name with the rotary switches – Activate the DHCP ● IO Scanning Configuration (p6-42) – Add a network – Configure the IP address of the M340: 192.168.0.X5 – Set the appropriate line in the IO Scanning – Verify the address server ● Transfer the Configuration (p6-47) Industrial Communication Course with Unity Pro - Profibus Schneider Electric | Industry Business | Training | E. Pauchet – V5.0 – June 2010

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PRM Configuration Settings ● Basic Settings ● Baudrate, stations range

● Advanced Settings ● Advanced parameters automatically calculated – to be changed only if needed

● IO Scanning ● Behavior in regards with the IO Scanning

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PRM Basic Settings

● Baudrate ● PRM Master Address ● Used in case of multimaster

● Highest Station Address ● To be adapted to the network

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PRM Advanced Settings ● TTR Management ● Token circulation (Multimaster)

● Error Management ● Other Timing Management ● Used if gateways, repeaters..

● Calculated Timing ● Device Watchdogs ● Profibus Cycle Industrial Communication Course with Unity Pro - Profibus Schneider Electric | Industry Business | Training | E. Pauchet – V5.0 – June 2010

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PRM IO Scanning Settings ● IO Scanning Automatic Implementation

● Scan Optimization

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PRM Management ● Dedicated Function Blocks Library ● PRM_MGT ● Used to start the PRM master ● Depends on the PLC

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Exercises ● Modifying Some Settings (p6-54) – Set the PRM watchdog to 5sec – Set the Modbus Health timeout to 3sec – Test the new settings

● Enable the Profibus Master (p6-58) – Install the Profibus Library – Implement the PRM_MGT FB – Insert the appropriate variables – Operate the Master

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Add Devices In The Database ● Add Device with GSD ● Generic GSD DTM will be created from GSD.

● Add Device from DTM ● Install the DTM and Update the Catalog

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Add Devices In The Configuration ● Device Menu – Add Device ● Fieldbus Discovery

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Device Profibus Parameters ● Device Address ● DPV1 Settings ● Profibus Settings

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Device Parameters ● Device With DTM ● Parameters are done using the proprietary DTMs

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Device Parameters ● Device From GSD ● Standard parameters, module to be configured

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Process Variables ● Custom Names

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Online Diagnostics ● All Bus Overview

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Online Diagnostics (Cont.) ● Process Variables Diagnostic

● Device Diagnostics

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Online Diagnostics (Cont.) ● I/O Values

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Online Diagnostics (Cont.) ● Device DTM Diagnostic

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Exercises ● Add a Device from a GSD (p6-68) – Add the GSD in the library – Add the device in the DTM Browser ● Configure a Device from GSD (p6-75) – Change the address of the device to 5 – Configure the modules – Configure the module’s parameter: fallback mode – Update the IO Scanning – Connect and test ● Online Diagnostics (p6-81) Industrial Communication Course with Unity Pro - Profibus Schneider Electric | Industry Business | Training | E. Pauchet – V5.0 – June 2010

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DPV1 Explicit Exchange ● Function Blocks ● PRM_ID ●Set the ID of which PRM to use ● RDREC ●Execute a read parameter request ● WRREC ●Execute a write parameter request

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DPV1 Explicit Exchange (Cont.) ● RDIAG ●Read diagnostic when the device requires it ●Reset the diagnostic bit in the PRM

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Exercises ● Diagnostic Management (p6-87) – Create a diagnostic by tripping the Tesys U – Read the diagnostic and reset the bit using RDIAG ● Read Data Record (p6-89) – Implement the RDREC to read the ID register ● Write Data Record (p6-81) – Implement the WRREC – Write the configuration register Fallback Behaviour

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Limitations Of The PRM ● PRM is not compatible with EIP scanners ● Modbus protocol is compatible, but no link between PROFIBUS Master DTM and EIP configuration (EIP master DTM must evolve to accept a future PROFIBUS gateway DTM)

● Limited redundant architectures ● No daisy chain loop, ● No dual master, no dual Ethernet attachment

● Miscellaneous

● No online modification of the PROFIBUS configuration ● No import/export of the FDT/DTM configuration ● Empty Terminal Service depends of PLC memory capacity and number of DTMs ●Typical PROFIBUS DTM consumes 20 to 30 Kbyte ●If too large, possibility not to embed the ETS DTM data into the application

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Profibus ● Main Features Reminder: ● up to 100m at 12Mbit/s, 1200m w/o repeaters at 93,75kbit/s ● response time < 2ms at 12Mbit/s ● up to 126 devices, up to 32 per segment ● maximum 244 byte as user data per telegram ● shield used as reference point ● error detection: good (HD=4) ● low process data flexibility

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