Proceedings Vol 01

25th INTERNATIONAL TOWING TANK CONFERENCE Fukuoka, Japan September 14 20, 2008

Proceedings Volume I

The Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers

25th INTERNATIONAL TOWING TANK CONFERENCE Fukuoka, Japan September 14 20, 2008

Proceedings Volume I Organized by The Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers Co-operated with The Fukuoka Convention and Visitors Bureau The Shipbuilders' Association of Japan The Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) The Shipbuilding Research Center of Japan Supported by Office of Naval Research Global

First published in 2008 by: The Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers Hamamatsu-cho, Yasaki White Building Shiba-daimon, Minato-ku Tokyo 105-0012 Japan

© 2008 The Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers, Japan. The Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers is not, as a body, responsible for the opinions expressed by the individual authors or speakers.

Printed and bounded in Japan

25th INTERNATIONAL TOWING TANK CONFERENCE Organizing Committee in Japan Prof. Katsuro Kijima (Chairman) Dr. Naoteru Tsuda (Vice Chairman) Mr. Makoto Harunari Dr. Kazuhisa Kuda Mr. Shiro Inoue Mr. Hiroyuki Maekawa Mr. Noboru Ueda Mr. Masamoto Tazaki Mr. Hiroshi Ishiwata Dr. Yushu Washio Mr. Shiro Iijima Mr. Yoshinori Imashimizu Mr. Tamiyoshi Iwasaki Mr. Tomokazu Taniguchi Mr. Shin Takeuchi Mr. Hitoshi Kashimoto Mr. Hitoshi Fujita Mr. Takaaki Itoh Mr. Michio Nakagawa Mr. Tomoyuki Yamazaki Mr. Yasunori Kohatake Mr. Tatsuaki Hori Mr. Kouichi Nakatani Prof. Takeshi Kinoshita Prof. Chang-Kyu Rheem (Secretary) Prof. Yasuyuki Toda (Secretary) Prof. Masashi Kashiwagi Prof. Tsugukiyo Hirayama Dr. Naoji Toki Mr. Akio Itoh Dr. Yoshiaki Kodama Dr. Kazuyuki Yamakita Dr. Seiko Ogiwara

Professor Emeritus of Kyushu University Chairman of the Japan Soc. Nav. Arch. and Ocean Eng. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Ministry of Defense, Technical R & D Institute National Maritime Research Institute The Japanese Shipowners' Association Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (Class NK) Shipbuilders' Association of Japan The Cooperative Association of Japan Shipbuilders Shipbuilding Research Center of Japan Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. IHI Marine United Inc. Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation Universal Shipbuilding Corporation Sumitomo Heavy Industries Marine & Engineering Imabari Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Sanoyas Hishino Meisho Corporation Shin Kurushima Dockyard Co., Ltd. Namura Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Tsuneishi Shipbuilding Company Oshima Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Onomichi Dockyard The University of Tokyo The University of Tokyo Osaka University Osaka University Yokohama National University Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. IHI Corporation National Maritime Research Institute Ministry of Defense, Technical R & D Institute Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers

Executive Committee in Japan Prof. Takeshi Kinoshita (Chairman) Prof. Yasuyuki Toda (Secretary) Prof. Katsuro Kijima Prof. Tsugukiyo Hirayama Prof. Masashi Kashiwagi Dr. Yoshiaki Kodama Mr. Akio Itoh Dr. Naoji Toki Dr. Kazuyuki Yamakita Prof. Hiroharu Kato

The University of Tokyo Osaka University Professor Emeritus of Kyushu University Yokohama National University Osaka University National Maritime Research Institute IHI Corporation Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Ministry of Defense, Technical R & D Institute Toyo University

Dr. Yoshitaka Ukon Dr. Noriyuki Sasaki Dr. Munehiko Hinatsu Dr. Shigesuke Ishida Prof. Naoya Umeda Prof. Yoshiho Ikeda Prof. Yusuke Tahara Prof. Eiichi Kobayashi Prof. Shigeru Nishio Prof. Yasuaki Doi Prof. Hironori Yasukawa Prof. Shuji Nagata Prof. Chang-Kyu Rheem Prof. Takafumi Kawamura Prof. Yusaku Kyozuka Prof. Akiji Shinkai Prof. Jun Ando Prof. Yoshitaka Furukawa Prof. Masahiko Nakamura Prof. Chaniku Shin Prof. Kuniaki Shoji Dr. Norio Ishii Dr. Michio Takai Dr. Mitsuyasu Nagahama Dr. Koichiro Matsumoto Dr. Kazunori Sato Mr. Toshikazu Masuya Dr. Yasunroi Iwasaki Mr. Yoshifumi Tai Dr. Jian Gang Shi Dr. Seiko Ogiwara

National Maritime Research Institute National Maritime Research Institute National Maritime Research Institute National Maritime Research Institute Osaka University Osaka Prefecture University Osaka Prefecture University Kobe University Kobe University Hiroshima University Hiroshima University Saga University The University of Tokyo The University of Tokyo Kyushu University Kyushu University Kyushu University Kyushu University Kyushu University Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Akishima Laboratories (Mitsui Zosen) Inc. Sumitomo Heavy Industries Marine & Engineering Universal Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Universal Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Shipbuilding Research Centre of Japan National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering Akashi Ship Model Basin Co. Ltd. Imabari Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Tsuneishi Shipbuilding Company Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers

Local Organizing Committee in Fukuoka Prof. Masashi Kashiwagi (Chaiman) Prof. Yusaku Kyozuka Prof. Akiji Shinkai Prof. Jun Ando Prof. Yoshitaka Furukawa Prof. Satoru Yamaguchi Prof. Masahiko Nakamura Prof. Changhong Hu Dr. Makoto Sueyoshi Ms. Mizuho Mizutani Ms. Masako Yoshizu

Osaka University ESST, Kyushu University Kyushu University Kyushu University Kyushu University Kyushu University RIAM, Kyushu University RIAM, Kyushu University RIAM, Kyushu University Administrative Support Administrative Support

Editors Prof. Masashi Kashiwagi Prof. Yasuyuki Toda

25th INTERNATIONAL TOWING TANK CONFERENCE Sponsors The Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers The Fukuoka Convention and Visitors Bureau The Shipbuilders' Association of Japan

The Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) The Shipbuilding Research Center of Japan Office of Naval Research Global

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Preface It is my privilege to write this introduction to the Proceedings of the 25th International Towing Tank Conference on behalf of the Organizing Committee, the Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers. The full conference took place in Japan the first time in 1966 at Tokyo, and the second in 1987 at Kobe. This time the venue is Fukuoka. We have three industrial and academic centers of the naval architecture in Japan. The Organizing Committee greatly appreciates tremendous efforts by the colleagues of the Research Institute for Applied Mechanics and the Department of Maritime Engineering, Kyushu University. In 1966 Japanese ship building industry and related research activities were on catch-up stage. We learned a lot of things from the ITTC community. In 1987 Japanese ship building industry and related research activities were leading the top with other countries. Now we all are facing many issues such as global warming. The ITTC community should contribute to supporting the development of economical, safe an environmentally friendly maritime transportation, and offshore oil and gas extraction. The proceedings include very high quality reports produced by the 25th ITTC General and Specialist Committees and the Quality System Group. The Chairmen, Secretaries and the Members of the Committees and Group are to be congratulated on their excellent contributions. On behalf of the Members of the 25th ITTC Executive Committee I thank all those just mentioned for sparing their time and effort in producing these most valuable reports. Finally it is my personal pleasure to acknowledge and thank all my colleagues of the Organizing Committee, especially Professors Masashi Kashiwagi and Yasuuki Toda, who have been unstinting in their efforts to plan and arrange this Conference and those on the Executive Committee for their support. I hope that you all have a very fruitful time during the conference and enjoy the social programme and your stay with us.

Professor Takeshi Kinoshita Chairman, 25th ITTC Executive Committee

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Table of Contents Volume I Preface Table of Contents Volume I Table of Contents Volume II Committees of the 25th ITTC The Advisory Council 1. Membership and Meetings 2. Activities and Recommendation of the Advisory Council 3. Officers for the 26th ITTC Advisory Council

7 7 7 9

The Executive Committee 1. Introduction 2. Obituaries 3. Committee Membership 4. Committee Meetings 5. Committee Decisions

11 11 11 16 16 18

The Resistance Committee 1. Introduction 2. Resistance Committee Questionnaire 3. Trends in Experimental Fluid Dynamics 4. Scaling and Extrapolation Methods 5. Trends in Computational Fluid Dynamics 6. Validation of Prediction Techniques 7. Facility Bias World Wide Campaign 8. Design References and Optimization 9. Far Field Waves and Wash 10. Airwakes 11. Recommendations 12. References

21 21 22 26 32 39 45 50 58 60 63 68 68

The Propulsion Committee 1. Introduction 2. Update the State-of-the-Art for Propulsion Systems Emphasising Developments Since the 2005 ITTC Conference 3. Review ITTC Recommended Procedures 4. Critically Review Examples of Validation of Prediction Techniques Identify and Specify Requirements for New Benchmark Data 5. Review the Development and Progress in Unconventional Propulsors Such as Tip-rake, Trans-cavitating and Composite Propellers (Hydroelasticity and Cavitation Erosion Susceptibility Taken into Account 6. Review Propulsion Issues in Shallow Water and Formulate Recommendations for Research

83 83 85 98 109 112 117

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x 7.

Review the Methods for Predicting the Performance of Secondary Thrusters and Compare with Operational Experience 8. Finalise the Benchmark Tests for Waterjets and Analysis of the Data 9. Conclusion 10. References

120 125 131 134

The Manoeuvring Committee 1. Introduction 2. Overview of Manoeuvring Prediction Methods 3. Progress in System Based Simulations 4. Progress in CFD Based Manoeuvring Simulation Methods 5. Validation of Simulations & Benchmark Data: SIMMAN 2008 6. Manoeuvring and Course Keeping in Waves 7. New Experimental Techniques 8. Shallow and Confined Waters and Ship-Ship Interactions 9. Standards and Safety 10. Procedures 11. Conclusions 12. Recommendations to the ITTC

143 143 145 150 154 161 171 176 180 184 191 195 197

The Seakeeping Committee 1. General 2. Review of State-of-the-Art 3. ITTC Recommended Procedures 4. Conclusions and Recommendations 5. References and Nomenclature

209 209 211 244 245 251

The Ocean Engineering Committee 1. General 2. Bottom-Founded Structures 3. Predicting the Behaviour of Stationary Floating Structures and Ships 4. Dynamically Positioned Ships, Mobs 5. Wind, Waves and Current 6. Hydroelasticity and Impact 7. Renewable Energy Systems 8. New Experimental Techniques 9. Progress in CFD 10. Existing Procedures 11. Benchmark Data for Validation of CFD Codes 12. Validation of Software for Predicting Wave Loads and Responses of Offshore Structures 13. Multiple-Scale Model Testing 14. Modelling Wind in Model Basins 15. Conclusions 16. Recommendations 17. Appendix: Benchmark Data for Validating CFD Codes 18. References

263 263 265 269 276 278 280 283 286 290 292 293 294

The Quality Systems Group 1. General 2. Tasks Performed

325 325 325

294 298 301 304 304 308

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Other Matters

333

Appendix 1: Interim Tasks and Structure of the 26th ITTC Technical Committees and Group 1. Structure of Technical Committees 2. Terms of Reference for the General and Specialist Technical Committees and Group 3. Mechanism for Identifying New Specialist Technical Committees 4. Proposed Structure of the Technical Committees and Group for 26th ITTC 5. Tasks of the Technical Committees and Group of the 26th ITTC

337 337 337 338 338 338

Appendix 2: Form for Curriculum Vitae of Nominees to ITTC Technical Committees

339

Appendix 3: Technical Committees Members Performance Evaluation Sheet

341

Appendix 4: Application Form to ITTC Membership

343

Appendix 5: Rules of International Towing Tank Conference (Current Version) 1. Aims 2. Activities 3. Membership 4. Organisation 5. Meetings 6. Composition of Executive Committee Based on GEO-Graphic Areas 7. List of Geographic Areas 8. General Additional Guide-Lines for the Operation of the ITTC

345 345 345 345 345 348 349 349 349

Appendix 6: Rules of International Towing Tank Conference (Proposal of the Revised Version) 1. Description 2. Aims 3. Activities 4. Membership 5. Full Conference 6. Executive Committee 7. Advisory Council 8. Technical Committees 9. Groups 10. Serving in More Than One Capacity 11. ITTC Secretary 12. Management of ITTC Funds 13. The Conference 14. Communications

351 351 351 351 351 352 353 355 355 357 357 357 358 359 360

Appendix 7: List of Member Organizations

367

Appendix 8: List of Representatives (R), Members of Committees and Group (M) and Observers (O), Invited for the 25th ITTC

387

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Table of Contents Volume II Preface Table of Contents Volume I Table of Contents Volume II Committees of the 25th ITTC The Specialist Committee on Powering Performance Prediction 1. Executive Summary 2. Introduction 3. Tasks Set from the 24th ITTC 4. Foreword 5. Powering Performance Prediction 6. Predicting Powering Margins 7. Resistance of High Speed Marine Vehicles 8. Conclusions and Recommendations 9. References Appendix A: Data Sheets for Database of Model and Full Scale Trials

397 397 397 398 398 398 421 422 425 427 429

The Specialist Committee on Uncertainty Analysis 1. Introduction 2. Completed Procedures 3. Structure of the Report 4. Uncertainty Analysis 5. Repeatability versus Reproducibility 6. Inter-laboratory Comparison 7. Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Experimental Hydrodynamics 8. Instrument Calibration 9. Laser Doppler Velocimetry 10. Uncertainty Analysis for PIV Measurements 11. Uncertainty Analysis Procedures for Captive Model Tests 12. Free-Running Model Tests 13. Uncertainty in Water Properties 14. Conclusions 15. Recommendations 16. References

433 433 435 435 435 440 444 446 449 452 453 455 458 462 462 463 463

Specialist Committee on Cavitation 1. Introduction 2. Cavitation Survey 3. Cavitation Modeling 4. Current Cavitation Modeling Methods 5. Multiphase Flow Cavitation Modeling 6. Rudder Cavitation

473 473 474 477 478 486 494

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xiv 7. Waterjet Cavitation 8. Summary and Conclusion 9. Recommendations 10. References Appendix A: Unconventional Rudders and Rudders Behind Highly-Loaded Propellers Appendix B: Waterjet Cavitation Issues

499 503 505 505 513 517

The Specialist Committee on Wake Fields 1. General 2. Introduction 3. Survey of Numerical Methods for prediction of Wake Fields at Model and Full Scale 4. Review of Experimental Methods of Determining the Velocity Distribution in the Wake 5. Development of Procedures for Measuring the Velocity Distribution in the Ship Wake at Model Scale 6. Review and Update of the Existing Guidelines for the Simulation of the Wake Fields for Cavitation Testing 7. Guidelines for the Use of PIV in Determining the Velocity Distribution in the Wake 8. Recommendations to the Conference 9. References and Nomenclature

535 535 536 537 543

The Specialist Committee on Azimuthing Podded Propulsion 1. Membership and Meetings 2. Recommendations of the 24th ITTC (Committee’s Tasks) 3. Introduction 4. State-of-the-Art 5. Podded Propulsor Tests and Extrapolation 6. Guidelines on Extrapolation to Full-Scale 7. Questionnaires 8. Review and Analysis of Cavitation Behaviour of Podded Propulsors Under the Effect of Pod Steering Angle 9. Special Applications for Podded Propulsion 10. Technical Conclusions 11. References

563 563 563 564 564 567 573 582 586

The Specialist Committee on Stability in Waves 1. Introduction 2. Prediction of Extreme Motions and Capsizing of Intact Ships 3. Prediction of Dynamics of Damaged Ships 4. Stability Safety Assessment 5. Conclusions and Recommendations 6. References and Nomenclature

605 605 606 611 624 632 633

The Specialist Committee on Vortex Induced Vibrations Committee 1. General 2. Review of the State of the Art 3. Assessment of Prediction Methods 4. Technical Conclusions 5. References

641 641 643 657 659 660

551 552 553 555 556

594 599 599

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Committees of the 25th ITTC Executive Committee Prof. Takeshi Kinoshita Chairman The University of Tokyo, JAPAN Dr. In-Young Koh Representative of Americas NSWC, David Taylor Model Basin, USA Dr. Harri Soininen Representative of Northern Europe VTT Industrial Systems, FINLAND Ir. Arne Hubregtse Representative of Central Europe MARIN, THE NETHERLANDS Dr. Ulderico Bulgarelli Representative of Southern Europe INSEAN, ITALY Prof. Yasuyuki Toda Representative of Pacific Islands Osaka University, JAPAN Dr. Seung-il Yang Representative of East Asia Maritime & Ocean Engineering Research Institute, KOREA Prof. Masashi Kashiwagi Secretary Osaka University, JAPAN Ex Officio Members Mr. David Murdey Chairman of the Advisory Council IOT, National Research Council of Canada, CANADA Mr. Aage Damsgaard ITTC and Advisory Council Secretary FORCE Technology, DENMARK Prof. Atilla Incecik Past Chairman Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde, UK

Advisory Council Officers Mr. David Murdey IOT, National Research Council of Canada, CANADA Dr. Naoji Toki Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., JAPAN Mr. Aage Damsgaard FORCE Technology, DENMARK

Chairman of the Advisory Council Vice Chairman of the Advisory Council ITTC and Advisory Council Secretary

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Technical Committees and Group General Technical Committees Resistance Committee Dr. Emilio F. Campana, INSEAN, ITALY Dr. Joseph J. Gorski, NSWC, David Taylor Model Basin, USA Dr. Sandy Day, Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde, UK Prof. De-Bo Huang, Harbin Engineering University, CHINA Prof. Ho Hwan Chun, Pusan National University, KOREA Dr. Juha Schweighofer, Helsinki University of Technology, FINLAND (until 2006) Dr. Tommi Mikkola, Helsinki University of Technology, FINLAND (from 2006) Prof. Yusuke Tahara, Osaka Prefecture University, JAPAN Prof. Gregor MacFarlane, Australian Maritime College, AUSTRALIA Dr. Jesus Valle, CEHIPAR, SPAIN

Chairman Secretary

Propulsion Committee Dr. Ki-Han Kim, Office of Naval Research, USA Dr. Stephen R. Turnock, University of Southampton, UK Prof. Wei-Xin Zhou, China Ship Scientific Research Center, CHINA Dr. Suak-Ho Van, Maritime and Ocean Engineering Research Institute, KOREA Dr. Anton Minchev, Force - Danish Maritime Institute, DENMARK Dr. Elena Ya Semionicheva, Krylov Shipbuilding Research Institute, RUSSIA Prof. Jun Ando, Kyushu University, JAPAN Prof. Emin Korkut, Istanbul Technical University, TURKEY Dr. Paolo Becchi, Centro per gli Studi di Tecnica Navale, ITALY

Chairman Secretary

Manoeuvring Committee Dr.-Ing. Andrés Cura Hochbaum, HSVA GmbH, GERMANY Prof. Frederick Stern, IIHR, University of Iowa, USA Ir. F. Quadvlieg, MARIN, THE NETHERLANDS Prof. Zao Jian Zou, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, CHINA Dr. Sun Young Kim, Maritime and Ocean Engineering Research Institute, KOREA Dr. Kristian Agdrup, FORCE Technology, DENMARK Prof. Hironori Yasukawa, Hiroshima University, JAPAN Dr. Pierre Perdon, Bassin d’Essais des Carčnes, FRANCE Dr. Riccardo Broglia, INSEAN, ITALY

Chairman Secretary

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Seakeeping Committee Dr. Terence R. Applebee, NSWC, David Taylor Model Basin, USA Dr. Paul Crossland, QinetiQ, UK Dr. G. Hermanski, IOT, National Research Council of Canada, CANADA Prof. Yonghwan Kim, Seoul National University, KOREA Dr. Jianbo Hua, SSPA, SWEDEN (until 2007) Mr. Dariusz Fathi, Marintek, NORWAY (from 2007) Dr. Koichiro Matsumoto, Universal Shipbuilding Corporation, JAPAN Mr. Jinzhu Xia, Australian Maritime College, AUSTRALIA Dr. Gregory Grigoropoulos, National Technical University of Athens, GREECE Dr. Rumen Kishev, Bulgarian Ship Hydrodynamics Centre, BULGARIA

Chairman Secretary

Ocean Engineering Committee Dr. Pierre Ferrant, École Centrale de Nantes, FRANCE Prof. Martin J. Downie, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK Prof. Antonio Carlos Fernandes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL Ir. Jaap de Wilde, MARIN, THE NETHERLANDS Dr. Sa Young Hong, Maritime and Ocean Engineering Research Institute, KOREA Prof. Jianmin Yang, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, CHINA Dr. R. Baarholm, MARINTEK, Norway Prof. Shuji Nagata, Saga University, JAPAN Dr. Nuno Fonseca, Instituto Superior Técnico, PORTUGAL

Chairman Secretary

Specialist Technical Committees Stability in Waves Prof. Naoya Umeda, Osaka University, JAPAN Mr. Andrew J. Peters, QinetiQ, UK Dr. Arthur Reed, NSWC, David Taylor Model Basin, USA Dr. Jan-Otto de Kat, MARIN, THE NETHERLANDS (until 2006) Dr. Ir. F. van Walree, MARIN, THE NETHERLANDS (from 2007) Prof. Sheming Fan, Marine Design and Research Institute of China, CHINA Dr. Shigesuke Ishida, National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN Prof. Alberto Fransescutto, Universitŕ di Trieste, ITALY Prof. Apostolos Papanikolaou, National Technical University of Athens, GREECE

Chairman Secretary

Ice Dipl.-Ing. Jens-Holger Hellman, HSVA GmbH, GERMANY Dr. M. Lau, IOT, National Research Council of Canada, CANADA Mr. R. Sampson, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Prof. Q.J. Yue, Dalian University of Technology, CHINA Mr. Göran Wilkman, Aker Arctic Technology Inc., FINLAND

Chairman

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Uncertainty Analysis Dr. Joel T. Park, NSWC, David Taylor Model Basin, USA Dr. Ahmed Derradji Aouat, IOT, National Research Council of Canada, CANADA Prof. Bao Shan Wu, China Ship Scientific Research Centre, CHINA Prof. Shigeru Nishio, Kobe University, JAPAN Mr. Erwan Jacquin, Bassin d’Essais des Carčnes, FRANCE

Chairman Secretary

Cavitation Dr. Laurence Briançon-Marjollet, Bassin d’Essais des Carčnes, FRANCE Dr. W. Zierke, ARL, Pennsylvania State University, USA Dr. Scott Gowing, NSWC, David Taylor Model Basin, USA Ir. H.C.J. van Wijngaarden, MARIN, THE NETHERLANDS Dipl.-Ing. Christia Johannsen, HSVA GmbH, GERMANY Dr. Bong Jun Chang, Hyundai Maritime Research Institute, KOREA Mr. Jan Hallander, SSPA, SWEDEN Prof. Takafumi Kawamura, University of Tokyo, JAPAN Dr. Mohammad Saeed Seif, Sharif University of Technology, IRAN

Chairman Secretary

Azimuthing Podded Propulsion Dr. Noriyuki Sasaki, National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN Prof. C.J. Yang, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, CHINA Prof. Mehmet Atlar, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Ir. J.H. Allema, MARIN, THE NETHERLANDS Dr. Se-Eun Kim, Samsung Heavy Industries Co., KOREA Dr. Antonio Sanchez-Caja, VTT Industrial Systems, FINLAND Dr. V. Borusevich, Krylov Shipbuilding Research Institute, RUSSIA Dr. Francesco Salvatore, INSEAN, ITALY

Chairman Secretary

Powering Performance Prediction Prof. Sverre Steen, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NORWAY Dr. M.J. Bobo de la Pena, CEHIPAR, SPAIN Prof. Wei Qui, Memorial University of Newfoundland, CANADA Mr. Gabor Karafiath, NSWC, David Taylor Model Basin, USA Dipl.-Ing. Richard Anzböck, Schiffbautechnische Versuchsanstalt in Wien, AUSTRIA Prof. Dexiang Zhu, China Ship Scientific Research Centre, CHINA Dr. Jinho Jang, Samsung Heavy Industries, KOREA Dr. Naoji Toki, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., JAPAN Prof. Mustafa İnsel, Istanbul Technical University, TURKEY

Chairman Secretary

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Vortex Induced Vibrations Mr. Halvor Lie, MARINTEK, NORWAY Dr. Don Spencer, Oceanic Consulting Corporation, CANADA Dr. S. Huang, Universities of Glasgow & Strathclyde, UK Prof. Jung-Chun Suh, Seoul National University, KOREA Prof. Xiong-Liang Yao, Harbin Engineering University, CHINA Prof. Chang-Kyu Rheem, University of Tokyo, JAPAN Dr. Elena Ciappi, INSEAN, ITALY

Chairman

Wake-Fields Dr. Jin Kim, Maritime and Ocean Engineering Research Institute, KOREA Dr. T. Fu, NSWC, David Taylor Model Basin, USA Dr. Tomasz Bugalski, Ship Design and Research Centre, POLAND Dr. M. Hinatsu, National Maritime Research Institute, JAPAN Dr. Fabio Di Felice, INSEAN, ITALY

Chairman

Group Quality Systems Group Prof. Gerhard Strasser, Schiffbautechnische Versuchsanstalt in Wien, AUSTRIA Dipl.-Ing. Barbara Günther, Schiffbau Versuchsanstalt Potsdam GmbH, GERMANY Dr. C.J. Lee, Maritime and Ocean Engineering Research Institute, KOREA Mr. Akio Ito, Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries, JAPAN Prof. Marco Ferrando, Universitŕ di Genova, ITALY

Chairman

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The Advisory Council Report to the 25th ITTC

1.

MEMBERSHIP AND MEETINGS

The Membership of the 25th ITTC Advisory Council consisted of 31 organisations. Seoul National University and Akishima Laboratories (Mitsui Zosen) Inc. resigned from the council in 2005. Mr. D. Murdey was elected as the Chairman and Dr. N. Toki as the Vice-Chairman. Mr. Aage Damsgaard was appointed as the Secretary. The Advisory Council held three meetings since the last Conference. The first meeting was held in Rome, Italy 18–19 September 2006, the second in Fukuoka, Japan 20-21 September 2007, and the third meeting in Copenhagen, Denmark, 26-28 March 2008.

2.

ACTIVITIES AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ADVISORY COUNCIL

2.1 Review of the Work of the Technical Committees and Groups The technical committees and groups provided progress reports for the meetings of the Advisory Council in September 2006 and September 2007. The reports contained information on the progress of each committee’s work, attendance at meetings, and any other matters requiring the attention of the Council. The reports were reviewed at the meetings of the Council and the progress of the work was carefully monitored and the

committee chairmen were informed of the council’s comments. 2.2 Advisory Council Working Groups To maintain the effectiveness of its technical work, the Council continued to make use of the four Working Groups set up before the 24th Conference. The Working Groups have two main responsibilities, to develop proposals for terms of reference for the future technical committees and to review and assess the procedures proposed by the technical committees. Each Working Group was concerned with the areas covered by approximately three technical committees. To provide a contact between the new technical committees and the Council, the Working Groups will remain in place after the next Conference, with the appropriate division of committees among them. This should expedite answering any questions the new technical committees may have concerning their terms of reference.

2.3 ITTC Recommended Procedures The technical committees proposed 41 new or revised procedures. The Council reviewed the procedures based on criteria for publication which had been revised at its meeting in Rome. The result of the review was that 22 procedures were accepted for publication without revision and 18 for publication after minor revisions had

The Advisory Council

8 been made. One procedure was published including a comment by the Council. All the procedures were passed to the Quality Systems Group who ensured they were in line with ITTC requirements for completeness, structure, symbols and format. The Quality Systems Group also managed the publication of the procedures in the Manual of ITTC Recommended Procedures and Guidelines.

2.4 Technical Committees for the 26th ITTC At the meeting in March 2008, the Council reviewed the drafts of the “Technical Conclusions”, Recommendations to the Conference”, and “Recommendation for Future Work” provided by each technical committee and group as well as proposals submitted by ITTC members at large. Based on this information and its assessment of the needs of the ITTC, the Council drafted a proposal for the tasks and structure of the 26th ITTC Technical Committees and Group, See Appendix 1. The following Committees are proposed: General Committees • Resistance • Propulsion • Manoeuvring • Seakeeping • Ocean Engineering Specialist Committees • CFD in Ship Hydrodynamics • Detailed Flow Measurements • High-speed craft • Scaling of Wake Field • Stability in Waves • Surface Treatment • Uncertainty Analysis • Vortex Induced Vibrations

Terms of reference were also proposed for the Quality Systems Group.

2.5 ITTC Web Site The permanent ITTC website established at – http://ittc.sname.org .

was

The ITTC site is the primary source of information on the ITTC and includes the link to the detailed information on the 25th Conference The Proceedings of all ITTC conferences (except the 2nd, which although not specifically named is included in the proceedings of the Institution of Naval Architects for 1934), have been uploaded to the website. In addition, the hard copy Catalogue of Facilities has been scanned and put on the website. An update of the Catalogue has been initiated.

2.6 Rules of ITTC The Advisory Council reviewed drafts of the proposed new Rules for the ITTC that had been written by a working group of the Executive Committee. As a result of these reviews, several changes were suggested and included in subsequent drafts.

2.7 Continuity of organization of the ITTC The Advisory Council was concerned that much of the knowledge and expertise concerning the organisation and operation of the ITTC would be lost as members of the ITTC community retired. To address this the Council drafted a procedure “General Guidelines for the Activities of Technical Committees, Liaison with Executive Committee and Advisory Council.” This

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procedure includes an outline timetable for all the major activities carried out during the threeyear period between Conferences.

3.

OFFICERS FOR THE 26TH ITTC ADVISORY COUNCIL

Prof. Gerhard Strasser was appointed as the Chairman for the 26th ITTC Advisory Council. Dr. S.W. Hong was appointed Vice Chairman.

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The Executive Committee Report to the 25th ITTC

1.

INTRODUCTION

The 25th ITTC Executive Committee has acted according to the Rules of the Organization as defined and published in the Proceedings of the 24th ITTC. The Executive Committee has mostly approved and implemented those policies recommended by the Advisory Council and also implemented the decisions of the 24th ITTC Conference held in Edinburgh in 2005. In all cases, the meetings of the Executive Committee have been arranged to coincide at the same venue as the meetings of the Advisory Council. The Executive Committee consists of seven full-voting members, six of which are the Representatives of the six Geographical Areas, together with the Chairman of the Executive Committee, who is selected by the previous Conference of the ITTC. The following are non-voting ex-officio Members of the Executive Committee, the Past Chairman of the Executive Committee, and the Chairman and Secretary of the Advisory Council. The Secretary of the Executive Committee, who is elected by the Executive Committee, is also an ex-officio non-voting Member of the Executive Committee.

2.

OBITUARIES

Makoto Ohkusu Professor Makoto Ohkusu of Kyushu University, Japan, passed away of cancer at pancreas on May 12, 2006, aged 68. He was a member of the 18th ITTC seakeeping committee (1984-1987), and the chairman of the 19th ITTC seakeeping committee (1987-1990). The late Professor Ohkusu started his scientific career working on the steady wave-making resistance of a ship, as a student of Professor Emeritus Takao Inui at the University of Tokyo. The first work which made him internationally famous was on the hydrodynamic interactions among multiple floating bodies. This work has drawn much attention from engineers and scientists, and greatly contributed to the development of muti-hull ships and ocean platforms. Another outstanding contribution by him in ship hydrodynamics is the development of the unsteady wave-pattern analysis method. This provided a new technique for studying the hydrodynamic forces on and motions of a ship running at forward speed in waves, and shed new light on the study of added resistance and resulting speed loss. He also published many other noteworthy papers, concerning such topics as the nonlinear behaviour of a long cable, a new evaluation method for the oscillating and translating Green function, and its application to the boundary-value problem for the flow around ships. In his last years before retirement from Kyushu University, he also worked on hydroelastic problems connected with very

The Executive Committee

12 large floating structures to be used as floating airports. His academic achievements are highly rated, for which he received many awards, such as the best paper award in 1987 and the award of good textbook publication in 1997 both from the Society of Naval Architects of Japan (SNAJ), and also Yoshiki Award for long-term contributions to the development of shipbuilding technologies in 2005. He was chosen as the Lecturer for the prestigious Weinblum Lecture for the term of 2004-2005. Choung Mook Lee Professor Choung Mook Lee passed away on July 26, 2006 at the age of 73. He was born on November 1, 1933 in Pyungteck, Korea. Prof. Lee served as the members of ITTC: 20th ITTC Quality Group, and 21st, 22nd and 23rd ITTC Executive Committees. Especially he made a significant contribution to the 22nd Conference held in Seoul and Shanghai in 1999 as the chairman of the Executive Committee. He attended Seoul National University and received his Bachelor of Science degree in naval architecture in 1958. He went to the Unites States of America in 1960 and received his Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of North Dakota. Then he continued his advanced studies at the Department of Naval Architecture, University of California, Berkeley for his Master’s and Ph.D degrees in 1963 and 1966, respectively. He worked as a research engineer at the David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center (DTNSRDC) during 1966-1982. He worked at the Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering (KRISO) in Korea as the vice president on his sabbatical leave in 1978. He worked as S&T Progress Manager at Office of Naval Research during 1982-1986. Prof. Lee returned to Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Korea as a professor of mechanical engineering. He

served as the vice president of POSTECH from 1986 to 1991 and also as the director of the Advanced Fluid Engineering Research Center (AFERC), Center of Excellency Program supported by the Government from 1990 to 2005. He published more than 200 research papers. He supervised 18 master’s and doctoral students. His research interests and contributions were significant, lasting and encompassing and covered development of a numerical scheme for the second order free surface wave problems, ship motion problems related to the catamarans and SWATHs during his early career, and marine environmental problems including oil-spill recovery problems and magnetohydrodynamics problems during his late career. He received many awards and citations including the Outstanding Performance Awards in 1972 and 1975 from DTNSRDC and the Outstanding Performance Awards in 1983 and 1985 from ONR. He was also the American Bureau of Shipping- Captain Joseph H. Linnard Prize Recipients in 1975 from the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers by a paper titled “Ocean Catamaran Seakeeping Design Based Upon the Experiences of USNS Hayes”. Prof. Lee also received the Outstanding Scientific Achievement Award in 1996 and the Best Paper Award in 2004 both from the Society of Naval Architecture of Korea. He received the “Dongbaeg Badge” of National Decoration in 1997 from the Government. Prof. Lee served as the presidents of the Korea Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (Korean counterpart of IUTAM), the Society of Naval Architecture of Korea (SNAK) and the Korean Society for Marine Environmental Engineering including the chairman of the Korean Towing Tank Conference (KTTC). He retired from the Pohang University of Science and Technology in February 2006 and became professor Emeritus. Professor Lee is survived by his wife, Dr. Sin Ai H. Lee, and two daughters, Jean Young L. Chae and Sue Lee Collins, both living in the States.

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Hitoshi Fujii Dr. Hitoshi Fujii passed away at the age of 78 on December 11, 2006. He entered Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. (MHI) after serving as a research associate at Osaka University. He served MHI as a manager of Seakeeping Research Laboratory from 1971 to 1974, as the Chief Research Engineer of Nagasaki Research and Development Center from 1982 to 1986. During the period, he devoted himself to the planning, construction and management of our Seakeeping and Manoeuvring Basin. He was really a boss of Seakeeping and Manoeuvring specialists in Nagasaki, even after his retirement. After the retirement from MHI, he moved to Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science as a professor. He contributed to International Towing Tank Community as members of Manoeuvrability Committees of the 15th ITTC (the Hargue, 1978) and the 16th ITTC (Leningrad, 1981). Besides that, throughout his carrier in MHI, he supported the representative of Nagasaki Experimental Tank to ITTC as the head of Seakeeping and Manoeuvring Basin. He also joined discussions in MARINTEK, SSPA and Bulgarian Ship Hydrodynamic Centre when the people there were planning their basins for the testing of Seakeeping, Manoeuvring and Ocean Engineering. Dick van Manen Professor Dick van Manen passed away on Friday December 8, 2006 at the age of 83. An outstanding personality, whose influence continues to be visible in the current maritime research infrastructure. Not limited only to the Netherlands, but his traces can be found abroad as well. He maintained professional and amicable contacts with many of his US colleagues, which is reflected in his friendship with many

of his contemporaries at the David Taylor Model Basin and at the SNAME. He particularly left his mark as director (1972-1986) of the Maritime Research Institute in Wageningen (MARIN) and as part-time professor of Resistance and Propulsion in the then Naval Architecture faculty of Delft University of Technology (1962-1988). After his predecessor (Prof. W.P.A. van Lammeren) laid the foundation for a better understanding of propeller propulsion through the systematic Wageningen B series, still used worldwide to this day, Dick van Manen occupied himself primarily with the propulsion concept in a somewhat broader sense. He did his Ph.D study, only two years after he finished his MSc degree at MARIN, on the effect of the non-uniformity of the wakefield on the design of propellers, a subject that attracted significant attention in those days, after renowned publications by Betz and Lerbs on ideal radial loading distributions. Dick van Manen produced publications on a large number of concepts, such as the paddle wheel, the ducted propeller, vertical axis propellers (also known as Voith-Schneider), contrarotating propellers and finally his invention: the Whale Tail Wheel (a combination which links the kinematics of a whale tail to that of the wheel). Perhaps the most important lesson for his pupils was that he was continually searching for the elementary simplicity of the working principles. An illustration of this is the pump diagram, in which he plotted pump characteristics for a number of ship propulsors in addition to pumps. An enduring legacy is the Vacuum Tank built in Ede under his leadership. A laboratory specifically developed for vibration nuisance, noise and erosion research on ships’ propellers. Dick won a number of awards and honorary memberships. He became a fellow of the Royal Institution of Navigation (UK) in 1975 and became a honorary member – fellow of the SNAME in 1976. In 1978 he became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences

The Executive Committee

14 and in 1984 he won the prestigeous David W. Taylor Golden Medal, awarded to him by the SNAME. In addition, he chaired the International Towing Tank Conference for a number of years. Alongside his infectious enthusiasm for his field of work as an ongoing source of professional satisfaction, Dick van Manen was a ‘champion of positive thinking’. He was able to utilize these characteristics well in a time in which he observed the full impact of the reduction in Dutch shipbuilding. In our minds we recall a master, a figure of stature with a charming presence, searching continuously for the essence and the simplicity of hydromechanics, with undiminishing and infectious enthusiasm.

lasticity, acoustics, seaquakes, optimization in hydrodynamic problems, to name a few. He had been very amicable to all generations of researchers, and especially younger researchers were spurred through discussions with him and just talk on various topics. Not only limited to magical theories but also he had a great knowledge of experiments and physical insight, and thus it is sure that he had influenced greatly the activities of the ITTC, particularly in Japan. Because of his outstanding contributions and internationally-acclaimed achievements, he received various awards, such as the best paper award and Yoshiki Award from the Society of Naval Architects of Japan. In addition, he was also chosen as the Lecturer for the prestigious Weinblum Lecture for the term of 1993-1994.

Masatoshi Bessho Professor Masatoshi Bessho passed away on June 24, 2007 at the age of 80. He studied at the Department of Naval Architecture, the University of Tokyo, graduated in 1950, and continued advanced studies at the graduate school of the same university as a special research student. In 1955, he became a lecturer at the National Defence Academy, and he was promoted to an associate professor in 1957 and full professor in 1968. Until his retirement from the National Defence Academy in 1992 and even after the retirement, he had been contributing to the research and education, and his influence is wide-spread not only in Japan but also in the whole world. There are many hydrodynamic relations and theories with the name of Bessho, and his distinctive and incisive ideas with ample knowledge of mathematics are sometimes referred to as ‘magic’. A wave-less floating body and the reverse-time velocity potential are examples of those magical ideas. His academic interest was very broad, such as viscous and wave-making resistances, wave-body interactions, hydrodynamic problems on high-speed ships, hydroe-

Dimitar Kostov Kostov Dr. Dimitar Kostov Kostov, Senior Research Scientist, Head of Ship Hydrodynamics department of the Bulgarian Ship Hydrodynamics Centre (BSHC) in Varna, passed away on 02 October 2007 at the age of 62. Born on 26 June 1945 in Varna, Bulgaria, Dr. Kostov received his M. Sc. degree as naval architect at the Technical University, Varna, in 1969. Dr. Kostov started his scientific career in 1973 at the Shipbuilding Institute, Varna. He received his Ph.D degree at Leningrad Shipbuilding Institute in 1977 for his thesis on investigation and development of methods for evaluation of full ships wave making resistance. In 1986 academic rank “senior research scientist” was conferred on Dr. Kostov in the field of “ship theory”. In the same year he realized successful scientific fellowship on the ship form optimization for resistance minimization at the University of Tokyo and Yokohama National University in Japan.

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Dr. Kostov was one of the first researchers with deep contributions to the formulation of the composition and the scientific research tasks of the Bulgarian Ship Hydrodynamics Center and was amongst the founders of this Institution. From the establishment of BSHC in 1977 till 2007 Dr. Kostov occupied series of scientific management posts in the field of ship design and ship performance investigation as well as the post of BSHC scientific research activities assistant director. He was an active member of BSHC Scientific Council since its foundation. Dr. Kostov was manager of series successively finished European and International investigations and projects. He was one acknowledged researcher and scientist amongst the international scientific community as well as member of the Resistance & Flow Committee of the 20th ITTC. Kaname Taniguchi Dr. Kaname Taniguchi, the re-founder of Nagasaki basin of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. (MHI), passed away at the age of 94, on April 29, 2008. Dr. Kaname Taniguchi entered MHI after graduating from the University of Tokyo in April, 1937 and started working in the model basin. At the time, the model basin of Mitsubishi was a copy of No.1 Tank in Hasler, which had been completed in Nagasaki shipyard in 1908. Shortly after, the planning of a new larger model basin in a site separate from the shipyard was started and the construction of the present basin was completed in December, 1943. However, in less than two years, the above-ground part of the tank was completely destroyed by an Atomic bombing in August 9th, 1945. After the war, he devoted himself to the revival of the tank, and completed the revival of a part of the smaller basin in 1949 and whole facility in 1953. Then, he tried to manage the whole process of the tank tests as well as pos-

sible, from hull and propeller design, model manufacturing, equipments for the measurements, conducts of model tests, analyses of the measured data and power estimation of the fullscale ship. After completing the whole procedures of works within the model tank, he proceeded to the improvement of the measurement in Sea Trial and developed the use of what we call “Togino-type torsion meter” and accumulated the full-scale trial data. His paper titled “Model-Ship Correlation Method in the Mitsubishi Experimental Tank” was published in 1963 and marked as the first paper of this kind. He served as a leader of the model tank until May 1965 and then he undertook the higher and wider responsibility in Mitsubishi. He retired from Mitsubishi in June 1981 after serving as the vice-president of the company. After the leave from the tank and even after the retirement from Mitsubishi, he continued to be a backbone of Nagasaki Basin. He attended International Towing Tank Conference for the first time at 7th ITTC (1954, Scandinavia). In 1958, he joined the “Committee of Scale Effects on Propellers and on Propulsion Factors” of 9th ITTC (1960, Raris) in response to the request by the chairman, Dr. H. Edstrand. He continued the contribution to ITTC as a member of Propulsion Committee in 10th ITTC (1963, Teddington), a member of Performance Committees in 11th ITTC (1966, Tokyo) and 12th ITTC (1969, Rome). Then, he served as a member of Executive Committee in 13th ITTC (1972, Berlin Hamburg) and 14th ITTC (1975, Ottawa) representing Japan, Korea and China. However, shortly after the start of the 14th term, he got an ill and handed over the Executive Committee membership to Prof. Seizo Motora. He also served as a primary member of the Local Organizing Committees of 11th ITTC and 18th ITTC (1987, Kobe). Tatsuro Hanaoka Dr. Tetsuro Hanaoka, former Professor of Kagoshima University and former Director of the Ship Dynamics Division of Ship Research

The Executive Committee

16 Institute, Ministry of Transport, Japan, passed away on April 28, 2008, at the age of 92. Dr. Tetsuro Hanaoka graduated from Yokohama Technical High School, the predecessor of Yokohama National University, in 1940. After getting through the wartime and postwar shambles, he studied as a special research student at Nagoya University and started his scientific career in 1947 at the Railway Technical Laboratory, the predecessor of Transportation Technical Research Institute and subsequent Ship Research Institute (present National Maritime Research Institute, Japan). After his retirement from Ship Research Institute in 1979, he moved to Kagoshima University as a professor in the Faculty of Engineering. His name is engraved on the well-known “Haskind-Hanaoka-Newman’s relation”. That is one of the most important theorems in ship hydrodynamics representing a reciprocity theorem on the wave-exciting force and the radiation wave of a ship with forward speed. As shown in this instance, his outstanding contributions to ship hydrodynamics are firstly in the theory of unsteady wave resistance and ship dynamics in waves. We are reminded of a fact that the unsteady wave field around a ship advancing in waves is governed by a parameter Ω=ωV/g known as Hanaoka’s parameter. Another outstanding contribution in naval hydrodynamics is the theoretical development of unsteady propeller lifting-surface theory. He solved unsteady flow problems around a propeller by utilizing the acceleration potential as a magic stick and established an elegant treatment for the singularity in the complicated kernel function appearing in an integral equation. The computational results based on his theory contributed to the comparative study on the propeller shaft force conducted at the 14th ITTC Propeller Committee and demonstrated one of the best correlations with measurements. He also developed a beautiful and fully analytical cavity flow theory on two-dimensional hydrofoils of arbitrary shape. Computed results on three-dimensional hydrofoils by an extended method based on his cavity flow theory

also contributed to the 14th ITTC Cavitation Committee. Most of his noteworthy achievements have been continuously enlightening us. 3.

COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP

The Membership of the Executive Committee was formalized at the 24th ITTC Conference in Edinburgh. Chairman: Prof. Takeshi Kinoshita (Japan) Area Representatives: Dr. In-Young Koh (Americas) Dr. Harri Soininen (Northern Europe) Mr. Arne Hubregtse (Central Europe) Dr. Ulderico Bulgarelli (Southern Europe) Dr. Seung-il Yang (East Asia) Prof. Yasuyuki Toda (Pacific Islands) Secretary: Prof. Masashi Kashiwagi (Japan) In addition, there were the following exofficio members: Prof. Attila Incecik (Past Chairman of Executive Committee) Mr. David Murdey (Chairman of Advisory Council) Mr. Aage Damsgaard (Secretary of Advisory Council) 4.

COMMITTEE MEETINGS

The 25th ITTC Executive Committee (EC) held four meetings between September 2005 and March 2008. Further meetings will take place during the next Conference in Fukuoka, Japan in September 2008. A preliminary meeting was held in Edinburgh on 10th September 2005, on the last day of the 24th ITTC Conference. New Members of the Executive Committee were introduced to each other by the new EC Chairman. He then appointed Prof. Masashi Kashiwagi to be the new Secretary of the Executive Committee, who was accepted by the Committee. It was

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agreed that the first task of the Secretary would be to contact the new Chairmen of the various Technical Committees, to ensure that they understood their duties and that they would follow the Recommendations of the Conference. The first full meeting took place in Rome, Italy, on 19th September 2006. The Executive Committee (EC) discussed the revision of ITTC Rules and confirmed that the Advisory Council (AC) Chairman would write a draft of further revision by taking account of comments from the EC and AC members. Some issues on the relationship between the ITTC and the IMO (International Maritime Organization) were discussed and agreed that independence of the ITTC must be guaranteed, representation of the ITTC towards IMO would be done by the ITTC Secretary, and expert work requested by IMO should be performed by relevant Technical Committee members. It was also agreed that the EC should make efforts to save money in dispatching the ITTC representatives to IMO meetings and should discuss and decide to what extent of IMO activities the ITTC be involved. Change of the Northern Europe Representative on the Resistance Committee was approved. The EC Chairman announced the date and venue of the 25th ITTC Conference and explained the state of arrangement and preparation. The EC also discussed on the venue for the 26th ITTC Conference but could not decide. Some discussions were made on the relation and common work between ITTC and ISSC (such as Loads, Ocean Waves) and on the ITTC Guidelines. The second meeting took place in Fukuoka, Japan, on the 21st September 2007. As a continuation from the last meeting, the revision of ITTC Rules was discussed, and a more refined version would be submitted at the next EC and AC meetings. Regarding IMO related issues, the EC confirmed approval of the financial support from the ITTC for Dr. Frans van Walree (a member of the Specialist Committee on Stability in Waves) to attend the IMO SLF-50 meeting as a representative of the ITTC. Since a formal application for the AC membership

was submitted from COPPE in Brazil, the EC discussed for its qualification and confirmed to require submission of additional documents through the Americas Representative. A number of changes in the Committee members at some Technical Committees (The Northern Europe Representative on the Seakeeping Committee, the Central Europe Representative on the Specialist Committee on Stability in Waves) were approved by the Executive Committee. The EC Chairman proposed the registration fee of 120,000 Japanese Yen (JPY) for an ordinary participant and 20,000 JPN for an accompanying person, which was approved by all EC members. Some schedules for the 25th ITTC were agreed, such as preparation of a list of expected participants, topics for the Group Discussions, final reports from Technical Committees, and so on. Regarding the venue for the 26th ITTC Conference, no prominent progress had been reported from the last meeting and thus no decision was made on this issue. The EC Chairman explained the status of the income and expenditure for the 25th ITTC Secretariat and Proceedings, and presented an estimation of 6,000 USD for the cost of the Proceedings, to which there was no objection from the EC members. The third meeting took place in Lyngby, Denmark, on 27th and 28th March 2008. As a progress from the last meeting, the EC Chairman reported that the application from COPPE in Brazil to become an AC member was withdrawn. The revision of ITTC Rules was almost completed and after taking account of further comments, if any, the revised ITTC Rules would be submitted for adoption by the ITTC Conference in September 2008. The EC approved the application from the Australian Maritime College (AMC) to become an AC member. The application for the membership of the ITTC submitted from Jiangsu University of Science and Technology (JUST) was checked and the EC confirmed eligibility of JUST and approved the application. Regarding the venue for the 26th ITTC Conference, no conclusion was attained despite some discussions, and it was agreed that the final decision

The Executive Committee

18 would be made at the EC meeting scheduled on the first day of the 25th ITTC Conference in Fukuoka. The EC approved that the following three themes would be coordinated for the Group Discussions during the 25th ITTC Conference in Fukuoka: • Impact of CFD on ship hydrodynamics • Image-based measurements around ship hulls • Global warming and impact on ITTC activities It was agreed also to organize a short discussion session just after the technical report of the ICE Committee with chair by Dr. Harri Soininen. Discussions were made on the timetable for the final reports from Technical Committees, evaluation of activities of the Committee Members, nomination of new Committee Members, and decision of the chairmen of Technical Sessions for the 25th ITTC Conference. Some information was exchanged on the next Area Representatives, and finally it was confirmed that the next EC meeting would take place during the 25th ITTC Conference in Fukuoka, Japan. 5.

5.3 New ITTC Member Organizations During the three years of the 25th ITTC, there was only one new Organization accepted for Membership within the ITTC: • Jiangsu University of Science and Technology (JUST), China 5.4 Review of Advisory Council Membership According to the Rules of the Organization, half of the Member Organizations were chosen during the 24th ITTC, for review and reconfirmation of their membership of the ITTC Advisory Council. During this 25th ITTC, the remaining half Members have been circulated with the standard questionnaire and it is expected that all will be confirmed by the Executive Committee in September 2008. During the 25th ITTC an application from the Australian Maritime College (AMC) for Membership of the Advisory Council was considered and accepted by the Executive Committee.

COMMITTEE DECISIONS 5.5 Changes in Technical Committee Membership

5.1 Rules of the Organization The rules of the Organization are reproduced in Appendix 5 of the present Proceedings. 5.2 New Committee Structure A new Committee Structure, created by the Advisory Council, was agreed and endorsed by the Executive Committee. It will be effective for the 26th ITTC Technical Committees and Groups, following the final decision and agreement of the ITTC Conference in September 2008.

The following changes in Membership of the Technical Committees were approved by the Executive Committee. Resistance Committee • Dr. Tommi Mikkola of Helsinki University of Technology, Finland replaced Dr. Juha Schweighofer of Helsinki University of Technology, Finland. Manoeuvring Committee • The affiliation of the Chairman, Dr. Andres Cura Hochbaum, was changed from Potsdam Model Basin to Hamburg Ship Model Basin (HSVA).

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Seakeeping Committee • Mr. Darius Fathi of MARINTEK, Norway replaced Dr. Jianbo Hua of SSPA, Sweden. Stability in Waves • Dr. Frans van Walree of MARIN, the Netherlands replaced Dr. Jan O de Kat who left MARIN.

Also included will be helpful details regarding the Conference venue and travel details. Finally, PDF files of the Conference Proceedings are made available to Members on this website, in advance of the forthcoming Conference. This website address is: http://riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp/ship/ittc/ 5.7 Organization of 25th ITTC

5.6 ITTC Website The Executive Committee decided to continue two websites as in the 24th ITTC. One permanent and official website will provide all the general information of the ITTC, the rules, and a list of the Member Organizations. It will also contain a list of the ITTC Technical Committees, their Members and the tasks they have been allocated by the Conference. It will also possible to download most of the ITTC documents, such as ITTC news, the Symbols and Terminology List, the Recommended Procedures and past Conference Proceedings. This website is controlled by the ITTC Secretary and is hosted by SNAME as the main archive of the ITTC, at the following address, http://ittc.sname.org. The other website, which is linked from the official website described above, will be concerned with the 25th ITTC and will be controlled by the Executive Committee Secretary, as the organizers of the ITTC Conference. It will contain information on the Conference, such as registration and hotel information, the Conference timetable and social programme.

The 25th ITTC will be held in Fukuoka, Japan, hosted by the Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers (JASNAOE) and organized by the organizing committee in Japan, the Chairman of which is Professor Emeritus Katsuro Kijima of Kyushu University. The main venue of the Conference will be the 5th floor of Fukuoka International Congress Center, which is situated near Hakata Port close to the center of Fukuoka City. 5.8 Organization of 26th ITTC A proposal was received for hosting the 26th ITTC from the Americas Area, which was presented by the Americas Representative, Dr. In-Young Koh, to hold the 26th ITTC in Brazil in 2011. The proposal has been discussed by the Executive Committee since the second meeting. Because of some concerns among some Executive Committee Members, no definitive conclusion was attained at the meetings of the Executive Committee. The final decision will be made on the Executive Committee meeting scheduled on the first day of the 25th ITTC Conference in September 2008.

Specialist Committee on Stability in Waves

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The Resistance Committee Final Report and Recommendations to the 25th ITTC 1.

INTRODUCTION 1.2 Meetings

1.1 Membership Chairman: Dr. Emilio F. Campana Istituto Nazionale per Studi ed Esperienze di Architettura Navale (INSEAN), ITALY Secretary: Dr. Joseph Gorski Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Members: Dr. Ho-Hwan Chun Pusan National University, KOREA Dr. A. H. (Sandy) Day Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde, Scotland, UNITED KINGDOM Dr. De-Bo Huang Harbin Engineering University, CHINA Mr. Gregor Macfarlane Australian Maritime College, AUSTRALIA Dr. Tommi Mikkola Helsinki University of Technology, FINLAND Dr. Yusuke Tahara Osaka Prefecture University, JAPAN Dr. Jesús Valle Canal de Experiencias Hidrodinamicas de El Pardo (CEHIPAR), SPAIN

The committee met 4 times: 6-7 February 2006, Launceston, Australia 16-17 September 2006, Rome, Italy 3-4 May 2007, Valencia, Spain 11-12 December 2007, Bethesda, United States 1.3 Tasks Below we list the tasks carried out by the 25th resistance committee (RC), based on the recommendations given by the 24th ITTC. 1. Update the state-of-the-art for predicting the resistance of different ship concepts, hull design methods and hull optimization emphasising developments since the 2005 ITTC Conference. a) Comment on the potential impact of new developments on the ITTC. b) Emphasise new experimental techniques and extrapolation methods and the practical applications of computational methods to resistance prediction and scaling. c) Identify the need for R&D for improving methods of model experiments, numerical modelling and full-scale measurements. 2. Review ITTC recommended procedures 7.5-01-01-01 and 7.5-02-02-01 to 7.5-0202-06. a) Determine if any changes are needed in the light of current practice.

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22 b) Identify the requirements for new procedures. c) Support the Specialist Committee on Uncertainty Analysis in reviewing the procedures handling uncertainty analysis. 3. Critically review examples of validation of prediction techniques. Identify and specify requirements for new benchmark data. 4. Complete the ITTC worldwide comparative tests for establishing benchmark data to identify the facilities biases. 5. Identify developments in computational and experimental methods for prediction of far field waves and wash. 6. Review experimental and computational methods to describe the airflow around the superstructure of vessels. 2.

2.1

Turbulence Stimulation and Scaling

It was considered that the methods described in 7.5-01-01-01 may not reflect current practice. Members were asked which method(s) of turbulence stimulation they used, whether they were aware of the ITTC recommendations and when / whether they were adopted. Members were then asked to comment on situations in which ITTC recommendations were not adopted, and how the procedures might be improved. The final question in the first part related to the choice(s) of friction line for scaling. Methods adopted are shown in Figure 2.1. Some facilities indicated that different approaches were used for different vessel types, and in some cases for different model materials. In particular several members commented on the need to adopt different techniques for vessels with large dynamic trim, and on appendages.

RESISTANCE COMMITTEE QUESTIONNAIRE

0

5

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Studs

The RC was charged with updating the procedures for model manufacture (7.5-01-0101) and for resistance tests (7.5-02-02-01). In some cases, improvements could be made in wording and notation; however some areas appear to offer the potential for technical improvements. In order to inform others of the process of updating the procedures the RC prepared a questionnaire on issues considered by the RC to offer potential for improvement. This addressed three areas: Turbulence Stimulation, and Scaling; Speed Measurement, and Model Installation. The questionnaire was circulated by e-mail to all ITTC facilities. 25 facilities replied to the questionnaire; 11 from Europe, 11 from Asia and Australia and 3 from the Americas. Not all facilities answered all questions. The RC believes that the results will be of interest to ITTC members, and they are presented here in anonymous form.

Trip Wire

Sand Strips

Hama Triangles

Other

Figure 2.1 Turbulence stimulation method. Results for compliance with ITTC procedure are shown in Figure 2.2. One reason given by some members for not adopting ITTC procedures was a reluctance to change their established practices without evidence of clear benefits in model-ship correlations. Additionally some members pointed out that clients sometimes specify the turbulence stimulation approach.

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0

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Unaware of ITTC procedure

2.2

Aware, but never adopt Aware and sometimes adopt Aware and normally adopt

Figure 2.2 ITTC recommendations for turbulence stimulation method. One issue raised by several members was the turbulence stimulation on bulbous bows, where current guidance was not considered satisfactory. An informal discussion with some of the members involved indicated that stimulation procedures for bulbous bows vary significantly between facilities. However, in order to propose improved procedures it is felt that both a detailed study of the phenomena involved, and a validation via model-ship correlation would be required. As a result no proposals have been made for modification of this procedure at this stage. Several members indicated that procedures were inappropriate for yachts. 0

5

others generally use the ITTC 1957 line; one member reported using the Prandtl-Schlichting approach in some cases.

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ITTC 1957

Schoenherr

Speed Measurement

The second part of the questionnaire related to the measurement of speed. It was felt that the existing procedure offered relatively little discussion of appropriate techniques for measuring speed given the importance of this measurement. Members were asked about the primary measurement system, the benchmark system used for calibration, the frequency of calibration and the accuracy of speed measurement. Results showing primary and secondary measurement systems are given in Figures 2.42.5. It can be seen that a trailing wheel with an encoder or similar is the most popular primary method, though several members reported measuring speed directly from the carriage drive. Optical/proximity sensors are the most widely used secondary approach, whilst some facilities have custom-developed devices for speed calibration. 0

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Trailing wheel & encoder Carriage drive Optical/Proximity Sensors Pitot Tube

Other

Figure 2.3 Friction line. The results for the fiction line are shown in Figure 2.3. Here there was a very clear (and expected) result; the Japanese members generally use the Schoenherr line, whilst all

Other

Figure 2.4 Primary speed measurement.

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24 0

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Trailing wheel & encoder

The final part of the questionnaire related to issues of model installation. The first question related to the part of the procedure related to the towing attachment. According to the procedure, the force should be applied “in the line of the propeller shaft and at the LCB in order to avoid artificial trim effects; however model should be attached to resistance dynamometer by a connection which can transmit and measure only a horizontal tow force”. Members were first asked if they normally followed this procedure. Results are shown in Figure 2.7.

Carriage drive Optical/Proximity Sensors Pitot Tube Other none

Figure 2.5 Secondary speed measurement. Practice with regard to the frequency of calibration varied widely, between daily calibration and calibration over periods of several years. Whilst the reasons for this variation were not discussed, it may be dependant on the nature of the primary and secondary systems adopted. However the majority of replies indicated speed calibration once or twice per year. All facilities reported that their speed measurement met the current standard (i.e. 0.1% of the maximum speed), and almost half of the members reported a considerably better accuracy (see Figure 2.6). 0

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2.3 Model Installation

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The large majority of respondents indicated that they normally followed the procedure. One respondent who reported using an alternative practice pointed out the challenges associated with towing vessels with large shaft angles and/or large dynamic trim. Another indicated that in some cases (e.g. towing mathematical hulls, unconventionally propelled vessels) there is no defined shaft-line. It is clear that this procedure is not appropriate in such cases, and that an alternative strategy is required. It is suggested tentatively that towing at the waterline, using a connection providing only a horizontal force, may provide a reasonable alternative reference condition. 0

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Y