Prob 4.14 de Felder

 

  Og`gcærftb W`fvgrsfnbn Butû`mcb ng Xugoib Abkuitbn ng F`eg`fgrãb Ruãcfkb Obib`kg ng cbtgrfb y g`greãb @_K: 2>2?7 KIBQG: F@R[ 825 - 88;

X_MVGK^M Gccb Juârgz @úògz [mtm ^mrrgs Arb`kfskm Nbvfn ?824;1157 Mtmòm ?8?8

 

Xrmoigcb >.2> ng Agingr

>.2>

W`b kmrrfg`tg ng bfrg dúcgnm qug km`tfg`g 2.88 cmi% ng D?M(v)) y gi obib`kg ng bfrg sgkm, sg vb b ducfnfafkbr pbrb qug bnqufgrb u` km`tg`fnm 28.8 cmi% ng D?M. Km` gstg af`, sg bifcg`tb beub iãqufnb b trbvæs ng u` aiujûcgtrm a iujûcgtrm y sg gvbpmrb dbkfb ib kmrrfg`tg ng bfrg. Ib igkturb ngi aiujûcgtrm, _, gs 67. Ims ú`fkms nbtms ng kbiforbkfû` nfspm`foigs  pbrb gi aiujûcgtrm sm` nms pu`tms pu`tms ebrbobtgbnms g` u`b u`b dmjb ng pbpgi qug f`nfkb` f`nfkb` qug ibs igkturbs _ 3 27 y _ 3 78 kmrrgspm`ng` b ibs vgimkfnbngs ng aiujm Q 3 >8.8 at;/d y Q 3 61.6 at;/d, rgspgktfvbcg`tg rgspgktfvbcg`tg.. (b) [upm`fg`nm qug gi prmkgsm gstæ au`kfm`b`nm kmcm ngog, nfoujg y cbrqug gi nfberbcb ng aiujm, rgbifkg gi b`âifsfs ng erbnms ng ifogrtbn y gstfcg ib vgimkfnbn ng aiujm cmibr (io-cmi/d) ngi bfrg ducfnfafkbnm (ng sbifnb). (o) [upm`eb qug sg b`bifzb gi bfrg ng sbifnb y sg ngtgrcf`b qug km`tfg`g sûim 5% ng beub g` vgz ngi 28% qug sg ngsgb. Cg`kfm`g tmnms ims cmtfvms qug sg ig mkurrb` pbrb gstb nfskrgpb`kfb. Km`kæ`trgsg Km`kæ`trgsg g` ibs supmsfkfm`gs qug sg gagktubrm` g` gi f`kfsm (b) qug  punfgrb` dbogrsg dbogrsg vfmibnm g` ggii prmkgsm rgbi.

Nfberbcb

B`âifsfs ng erbnms ng ifogrtbn  @n: W` ‛ @g ‛ @r   @n: 5 ‛ ?: 7 E.I: ? ‛ ?: 8 Q: (67-27/78-27) (61.6 ‛ 68) + >8: 258.8752 atP;/d (258.8752 atP;/d) (1?.> ioc/atP;) (2 io- cmi/24 ioc): 746.7;2? io-cmi D?M: A2 T22 + A?: A; T;2… (2) BF_G: A2 T2?: A; T: ?… (?) A2 + A?: A; A2: A;-A2 [W[^F^WVG@NM G@ GKWBKFÛ@ 2

 

(A; ‛ A?) T22+ A?: A; T;2 A; T22 ‛ A? T22 + A?: A; T;2 A; (T;2 ‛ T22): A? (2- T22) A;: A? (2 ‛ T22)/ (T?2 ‛ T22) A;: (746.7;2?) ( 2- 8.82/ ( M.2 ‛ 8.82 8.82)) )) A;: 1>4>.4>; ioc cmi/d A2: a; ‛ a? A2: 1>4>.4>; ‛ 746.7;2? A2: 7467.;22 ioc cmi/d KMCX_MOBKFÛ@ KM__FG@^G[ KMCXM@G@^ G[ Beub Bfrg ^M^BI

2 Tf (iocmi f/d) 8.82 8.66 2.88

2 A2 (iocmi/d) 74.67;2 74;1.;75 7467.;22

? Tf (iocmi f/d)

? A? (iocmi/d) 746.7;2?

2.88

746.7;2?

; Tf (iocmi f/d) 8.2 8.6 2.88

; A; (iocmi/d) 1>4.>46; 74;1.;74 1>4>.4>;

KMCX_MOBKFÛ@ XM_ XM_ GKWBKFÛ@ NG OB OBIB@KG IB@KG XM_ KMCXM@G@^G[ A2 T22 + A?: A; T;2 7467.;22 (8.82) (8.82) + 746 .7;2?: 1>4>.4>; (8.2) (8.2) 1>4.>4: 1>4.>4 A2 T2?: A; T;? 7467.;22 (8.66): 1>4>.4>; (M.6) 74;1.;7: 74;1.;7 >.21. Nms smiukfm`gs bkumsbs ng âkfnm suiaúrfkm qug km`tfg`g` ?8.8% pmr pgsm ng D?[M> (EG 3 2.2;6) y 18.8% g` pgsm ng D?[M> (EG 3 2.>64) sg cgzkib` pbrb amrcbr  u`b smiukfû` >.88 cmibr (EG 3 2.?2;). (b) Kbikuig ib arbkkfû` câsfkb ngi âkfnm suiaúrfkm g` ib smiukfû` ng prmnuktm. (o) ^mcb`nm kmcm obsg 288 le ng ib smiukfû` ng bifcg`tbkfû` bi ?8%, nfoujg y cbrqug gi nfberbcb ng aiujm ngi prmkgsm, cbrkb`nm cbsbs y vmiúcg`gs y dbeb gi b`âifsfs ng erbnms ng ifogrtbn. Kbikuig ib prmpmrkfû` ng bifcg`tbkfû` (iftrms ng smiukfû` bi ?8%/iftrm ng smiukfû` bi 18%). (k) ½Ruæ vgimkfnbn ng bifcg`tbkfû` ng ib smiukfû` bi 18% (I/if) sg rgqugrfrãb pbrb nbr 2?78 le/d ngi prmnuktm= Nfberbcb

 

B@BIF[F[ NG E_BNM[ NG IFOG_^BN  @n: @u ‛ @g ‛ @r   @n: 6 ‛ ? : 5 E.I: ? ‛ ?: 8 Xib`tgbcfg`tm ngi prmoigcb C2(T22) + C? (T?2): C; (T;2)… (2) C2(T2?)+ C?(T??): C; (T;;)… (?) C2 + C?:C; C?: C; ‛ C2 C2T22 + (C; ‛ C2) T?2: C; T;2 C2 (T22 ‛ T?2) + C; T?2 ‛ C; T;2 C;: C2 (T22 - T?2)/(T;2- T?2) C;: 288 (8.? ‛ 8.1)/ (8.;?;2 ‛ 8.1) C;:2>>.>71> Le C?: 2>>.>71> le- 288 C?:>>.>71> le Q2: 288le/2.;6le/i: 288le/2.;6le/i: 45.561; i T;2: 8.;?;2

. T;?: 8.1516 Q?: >>.>71> le/2.>64le/i: ?6.1552 i Q;: 2>>. >71> le/2.?2; le/i 226.8682 i Q2/Q?: 45.561;/?6.1512: 45.561;/?6.1512: ?.674 ?8%/18% C?:C; T;2 ‛ C2T22/ T?2 C?: 1;6.5621 KMCX_MOBKFÛ@

KM__FG@^G[ KMCXM@G@^ G[ D?[M> D?8 ^M^BI

2

2

?

?

;

;

Tf(le /le) f

A2 (le)

T/le) f(le f

A? ((lle)

Tfle) (le f/

A; (le)

8.?8 8.48 2.88

?8 48 288

8.18 8.>8 2.88

?1.15 25.54 >>.>7

8.;?;2 8.1516 2.88

>1.15 65.57 2>>.>7

 

KMCX_MOBKFÛ@ XM_ GKWBKFÛ@ NG OBIB@KG XM_ KMCXM@G@^G[ A2 T22 + A? T??: A; T;? 288 (M.?8) + >>.>7 (M.18): 2>>.>7 (.;?;2) >1.15le f / le: >1.15 le f /le A2 T2? + A? T??: A;T;? 288 (8.48) + >>.>7 (8 (8.>8): .>8): 2>>.>7 (.1516) 65.54: 65.54