Private Law - D.Kereselidze

cgvkS farasabk\a, far\j sgmgrSbks uzjdgcask skstamurk hnaiaik, 900;

mgs mxjbjc sgzjdgcjaiks kntarasaikcgn dgmjmckngra HgrHjais. 70 sgxabmwkoj gxcans sgzjdgcjairkvk urSkarSjiaiks sgmgrSbairkv mjwasrkdaigs, knckvkcks kntarasaiks sgmgrSbkgnk cg mXvkcjikgnk 77 dgnxjrhkabaiks mkznkS.79 fjnstktuhkgXk dgnhxgcaiubk gcgmkgnks uobaiaik cg Sgvksuobaiaik gvgbcaiubais (ijTgvs) sgxabmwkojs, far\jsgmgrSbairkvk urSkarSjiaiks mjwasrkdaiksgs kxabm\Yvgnabjs knckvkcks kntarasaikS cg cgkhvgs mknkmgburk Hgravksg cg Sgngzjmkaraiks prknhkpaik. mknkmgbur HgravgXk kdubksxmaig sgxabmwkojs vgbcaiubaig, Sgvk Xakfgvjs far\jsgmgrSbairkv urSkarSjiaiXk Hgravksdgn, Su gmks guhkbaibjig gr grks dgnpkrjiaiubk knckvkcSg kntarasaiks dgnxjrhkabaikS. Sgngzjmkaraiks prknhkpk fk dgngpkrjiais Hgravks cjnks gcafvgturjigs cgsgxub 78 mkzgnSgn. sgxabmwkoj sgmgrSbks maXvajikS uzrunvabyjos urSkarSjiks mjwasrkdaiks `sgmgrSbkgn~ `sgmgrSbairkv~ dzgs, xjbj km XamSxvavgXk, Su mxgraais gr aqnaigS mgSSvks uorj mksgYaik sxvg gbtarngtkvg,  ‘  sSgvgzjis fjnobkqtks mjdvgraiks knstktuts ‘ sgsgmgrSbjs.73 70

Xagc.  Bgranz/Tjbo, GS cas Iòrdarbkhean Yahets, 9003, § 9, YcNr. 73, `aSkfurk pkrjvnubjikcgn~ dgmjmckngra sgmgrSbairkv wasrkdza mslabjikS ( „ Akna  Yahetsjrcnund, cka skhe vjm atekshean Parsjngbksmus baktan bãÚt... ‒). 77 Xagc.  Learknd , Car Fgmpo um cgs Yahet, 7549, 773, sgmgrSbks hnaiks mXvkcjigsSgn, skmXvkcasg cg wasrkdSgn gsjhkraiks xgzdgsmkS ( „Qnsara  dawÿenbkhe earrssheanca _jrstabbund pobadt can Iadrkoo cas Yahetas gn cka _jrstabbund cas  Orkacans, car Yuea, car Jrcnund zu fnòpoan. ‒). 79 kx. Hjknd , Drunczòda car Yahetspekbjsjpeka, 7;;8, 7316 Xagc. gsava  Carniurd , Pgncaftan, Ignc K, 7553, § 7;, 39 (?. Guob., Ignc K, 7< Gbbdamaknar Seakb, 7;00, § 7;, 37). 78 Hgravks guhkbaibjigsg cg SgngzjmkaraigsSgn arSgc, mxacvabjigXkg mksgYaik Sgngmacrjva fgnjnmcaibjiksgSvks cgmgxgskgSaiabk Xamcadk prknhkpaik< dgmTvkrvgbjig, aoaqtkgnjig, afjnjmkurjig, Sgnmkmcavrubjig (mcdrgcjig), gYsrubaigcjig, gndgrkXvgbcaiubaig, skhxgca cg skmgrtkva. gm prknhkpaiks cghvkS mkkYwavg rghkjngburk sgmgrSgbk. Xagc., mgdgbkSgc, Hjmmunkhgtkjn orjm tea Hjmmksskjn jn kmpght gssassmant (HJM/9009/94? okngb). 73 Xagc., mgdgbkSgc,  Eudj, Knstktutkjnan cas eautkdan rÿmkshean Yahets, 745;, § 7, 71, `sgmjqgbgqj sgzjdgcjaiks arS-arSk umnkXvnabjvgnask mkzgnkg usgorSxjaig cg Hamksg cg Xanks skhxgca, ngwkbjirkv gXfgrg mgrSbsgwknggYmcadj \gbgcjiks wknggYmcad, ngwkbjirkv mjHvanaikSk mjSxjvnaiksg cg Vvgbcaiubaiaiksdgn] Sgvks grkcaiks wknggYmcad. as ufgngsfnabk sgmjqgbgqj mgrSbmsglubaiks sgdgnkg, gnu km knstktutksg, rjm, rjhg pkraik SgvkgnSk uobaiaiks Sgjigza var Sgnxmcaikgn, sgxabmwkojs mkar dgnsgzYvrubk, mkufar\jaiabk masgma grsaijis, rgSg

3

cgvkS farasabk\a, far\j sgmgrSbks uzjdgcask skstamurk hnaiaik, 900;

sgqgrSvabjs sgxabmwkoj hnjis gcgmkgnks `sgyjvabSgjc gYkgraiub uobaiaisg cg Sgvksuobaiais~ cg khgvs mgS, rjdjrh `wgruvgb cg uzangas gcgmkgnur ogsaubjiais~< 71  ‘ gcgmkgnks Ykrsaig cg skhjhxba xabXauvgbkg6 7?  ‘  `yvabg gcgmkgnk cgigcaikS Sgvksuogbkg cg fgnjnks wkngXa Sgngswjrkg...~674  ‘  sgfuSraiksg cg mamfvkcrajiks uobaiaik gYkgraiubk cg dgrgntkraiubkg675  ‘  `yvabgs gqvs sgfuSgrk pkrjvnaiks Sgvksuogbk dgnvkSgraiks uobaig.~7; gm umnkXvnabjvgnas ogsaubjiaiza cgyrcnjikS Hgmjygbkicg far\j sgmgrSbks skstamks sgmk \krkSgck abamantk< pkrk (suikaqtk), qjnaig (jikaqtk) cg mjqmacaig (mjqmacaiks Sgvksuobaig). 90

vkSgraig dgmjkfvbkjs, dgcgwyvktjs cg mksk dgcgwyvatkbaig dgmjfvaSjs VcggsgiuSjs].~ („ Aknar car wkhetkdstan \wahfa lacar iòrdarbkhean Dasabbshegot kst Xkheareakt unc DawkÚeakt cas Makn unc Cakn, teakbs dadan jooanigr wkcarrahetbkhea Dawgbt, teakbs dadan  sheaknigra Gnspròhea jcar Takdarundan. Batztaras kst car Dadanstgnc car iòrdarbkhean  Yahetspobada, jcar car Aknrkhetund, cgss wann Parsjnan òiar kera Yaheta unaknkd sknc, akn zum vjrgus vjm Xtggta iastabbtar, unpgrteakshear, Crkttar vjregncan kst, um cka Xghea zu untarsuhean, zu antsheakcan, unc saknar Antsheakcund Nghecruhf zu daian. ‒). 71 sgqgrSvabjs fjnstktuhkks ma-4 K muxbk. 7? sgqgrSvabjs fjnstktuhkks ma-71 K cg ma-74 K muxbaik. 74 sgqgrSvabjs fjnstktuhkks ma-73 muxbk. 75 sgqgrSvabjs fjnstktuhkks 97-a K muxbk. 7; sgqgrSvabjs fjnstktuhkks ma-7? muxbk. 90 Xagc. rjmgabk kurkstks, dgkusks   (Dgkus), knstktuhkaiks skstamg (q.X-kcgn cggxbjaikS 7?0 wabk)  ‘  `pkrk, nkvSk cg sgrHabk~ („ parsjnga-ras-ghtkjnas‒). gmgsSgn, gm skstamurk hnaiaiksgSvks mkfuSvnaiubk mnkXvnabjig grsaikSgc dgnsxvgvcaijcg mgSk cYavgncabk dgdaiksdgn. mgdgbkSgc, pkraiXk, \krkSgcgc, knckvkcks stgtusSgn cgfgvXkraiubk sgfkSxaik, xjbj nkvSaiXk vgbcaiubaikSk cg mamfvkcrajikSk sgmgrSgbkh wasrkdcaijcg. mkuxacgvgc gmksg, gm skstamgm uckcask dgvbang mjgxckng far\j sgmgrSbks fjckokhkraigsg Su, zjdgcgc, far\j sgmgrSbks skstamks ojrmkraigza. kx.  \kmmarmgnn, Sea Bgw jo Jibkdgtkjns, Yjmgn Ojuncgtkjns jo tea Hkvkbkgn Srgcktkjn, 7;;?, 91 at saq.6 catgburgc `sgrHabks~ rjmkssgmgrSbairkv dgdaigsSgn cgfgvXkraikS kx. Tkncsheakc , Cka ghtkj cas rÿmkshean \kvkbrahets, vjm Xtgncpunfta cas eautkdan Yahets, 751?, 8, 1 oo. dgkusks   knstktuhkaiks taqstks gYmjHangsSgn cgfgvXkraikS kx., mgdgbkSgc,  _arknd , Dashekheta unc Knstktutkjnan car rÿmkshean Prkvgtrahetas, 75?4, § 95, 35.

1

cgvkS farasabk\a, far\j sgmgrSbks uzjdgcask skstamurk hnaiaik, 900;

sgmgrSgbk,91  rjmabsgh dgnafuSvnaig, mgdgbkSgc, `quHgXk cgcaiubk xabXafrubaiks~ mjmwasrkdaiabk ssf-ks 88?-a muxbk6 XrjmkSk xabXafrubaig sxvg msdgvsk xabXafrubaiaiksdgn `qvamcaigrajiks~ prknhkpks mjqmacaikS dgnsxvgvcaig. cgsgqmaiubk aqhavg cgmsgqmaibks cgqvamcaigraigXk, cgmjfkcaiubk xcaig gm ufgngsfnabks mkSkSaiaiza. 9? XrjmkSk urSkarSjiks mjngwkbaSg kntarasaiks cgigbgnsaiks mkznkS cgmsgqmaibks mkSkSaiks uobaiks dgmjyanaiksg cg cgsgqmaiubks mjqmacaiks Sgvksuobaiks XazYucvks ogrdbaik wasrkdcaig Xrjmks sgmgrSbkS.94

qjnaig grks skfaSa, rjmabzah mkmgrSubkg suikaqtks mjqmacaiks Sgvksuobaig. as hnaig mjkhgvs yvabg skfaSas, rjmabSg mkmgrSgh mjqmacais fjnstktuhkkS dgrgntkraiubk sgfuSraiksg cg mamfvkcrajiks uobaiaik. mks sknjnkmgc Xak\baig dgmjyanaiub kqnas hnaig< far\j sgmgrSbks (`far\jsgmgrSbairkvk urSkarSjiks~95) jikaqtk.

91

sgmjmxmgraibj cg sgmjqgbgqj sgmgrSbks urSkarSmkmgrSaigsSgn cgfgvXkraikS kx., mgdgbkSgc, Xheubza/Xheubta-Nÿbfa, Xheubcrahetsraojrm unc Damaknshegotsrahet, kn< Xheubza/Xheubta-Nÿbfa  (Ersd.), Cka Xheubcrahetsraojrm vjr cam Ekntardrunc cas Damaknshegotsrahets, 9007, 71 oo. 9? Xagc. gcakXvkbk/farasabk\a  , sgqgrSvabjs Xrjmks fjcaqsks prjaqtk cg fjntknanturk avrjpks qvaynaiks Xrjmks sgmgrSbks zjdkarSk \krkSgck prknhkpk, qgrSubk sgmgrSbks mkmjxkbvg (qsm), 9008 (?), 3 cg Xamcdjmnk. 94 nkXgncjibkvkg, rjm swjrac Sgngogrcjiks gYcdang Su kntarasaiks cgigbgnsaig usgou\vbjc gYkqmaig far\jsgmgrSbairkv urSkarSjiaiXk Sgngswjrjiksg Su xabXafrubaiks Sgvksuobaiks XazYucvgc. kx.  Gtkyge, Sea Yksa gnc Ogbb jo Oraacjm jo Hjntrght, 7;4;, rjmabkh kndbksks mgdgbkSza ma-75 sgufunas xabXafrubaiks Sgvksuobaiks Hgsgxvks ( 77 at saq.), ma-7; sgufunas gYzavaiks (97; at saq.) , xjbj ma-90 sgufunas cgsgsrubgc ( 147 at saq.) mkkHnavs. gmgsSgn, kdk sguirjis gxgbk sgmgrSbks Sajrkksg Su skstamks ojrmkraiks guhkbaibjigza, rjmabkh `vgbcaiubaikSk sgmgrSbks sgm \krkSgc svats~ („tea teraa igskh pkbbgrs jo tea bgw jo jibkdgtkjns ‒) uncg cgamygrjs. asankg< `sgrdaibks fjmpansghkg~ ( „rahjmpansa ojr ianaokt ‒), `sgou\vbkgnk ncjiks cghvg~ („ prjtahtkjn jo ragsjngiba rabkgnha ‒), `uobaiaiksg cg vgbcaiubaiaiks naigyjobjikSk cgmygraig cg Xawyvatg~ ( „tea vjbuntgry hragtkjn gnc axtknhtkjn jo rkdets gnc bkgikbktkas‒) (44;). 95 far\jsgmgrSbairkvk urSkarSjiks jikaqtks hnaigsSgn cgfgvXkraikS kx.  ljriang\a  , sgqgrSvabjs raspuibkfks mjmgvgbk sgmjqgbgqj fjcaqsks \krkSgck prjibamaik, 7;;3, 73;.

4