Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 14th Edition Tortora Test Bank

Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 14th Edition Tortora Test Bank Completed download: https://testbankreal.com/download/principles-anatomy-physiology-14thedition-test-bank-tortora-derrickson/ (This is completed downloadable package TEST BANK for Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 14th Edition by Gerard J. Tortora , Bryan H. Derrickson) Package Title: Testbank Course Title: PAP 14 Chapter Number: 03

Question type: Multiple Choice

1) What are the three main parts of a eukaryotic cell? a) plasma membrane, organelles, cytoplasm b) plasma membrane, organelles, nucleus c) plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles d) plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus e) plasma membrane, cytosol, organelles Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.1 Name and describe the three main parts of a cell. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.1 Parts of a Cell

Question type: Essay

2) Briefly describe the fluid mosaic model. Answer: Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

Solution: The fluid mosaic model states that the molecular arrangement of the plasma membrane resembles an ever-moving sea of fluid lipids containing a mosaic of many different proteins.

Question type: Multiple Choice

3) The three main components of the lipid bilayer portion of a plasma membrane are a) phospholipids, glycoproteins, and water. b) proteins, cholesterol, and fatty acids. c) cholesterol, triglycerides, and glycolipids. d) phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids. e) phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins. Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Study Objective 2: SO 3.2.2 Explain the concept of selective permeability. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

4) What are the nonpolar parts of phospholipids? a) phosphate-containing head groups b) fatty acid tail groups c) Both the head and tail groups are nonpolar. d) Neither the head nor tail groups are nonpolar. Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Study Objective 2: SO 3.2.2 Explain the concept of selective permeability. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

5) The polar portion of a cholesterol molecule, which forms hydrogen bonds with the polar heads of neighboring phospholipids and glycolipids, consists of a a) –OH group. b) –CH3 group. c) –CH4 group d) –COOH group e) None of these choices is correct.

Answer: a Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Study Objective 2: SO 3.2.2 Explain the concept of selective permeability. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

6) This type of membrane protein extends across the entire lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane touching both intracellular fluid and the extracellular fluid. a) complement protein b) transmembrane protein c) peripheral protein d) lipoprotein e) All of these choices are correct. Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Study Objective 2: SO 3.2.2 Explain the concept of selective permeability. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

Question type: Essay

7) Describe five different functions of integral membrane proteins. Answer: Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Study Objective 2: SO 3.2.2 Explain the concept of selective permeability. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane Solution: Some membrane proteins act as ion channels or carriers that transport substances across the membrane. Other membrane proteins act as receptors that allow the cell to respond to various types of ligands. Other membrane proteins are enzymes that catalyze specific chemical reactions. Still other membrane proteins act as linker proteins that anchor cells to neighboring structures including other cells. Lastly, some membrane proteins serve as cell identity molecules.

Question type: Multiple Choice

8) This type of membrane protein enables cells to catalyze specific chemical reactions at the inner or outer surface of their plasma membrane. a) receptors b) phospholipids c) cholesterol d) enzymes e) ligands Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Study Objective 2: SO 3.2.2 Explain the concept of selective permeability. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

9) Which of the following types of membrane proteins function by recognizing and binding to hormones and neurotransmitters? a) transporters b) receptors c) enzymes d) linkers e) cell identification markers Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Study Objective 2: SO 3.2.2 Explain the concept of selective permeability. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

10) This type of membrane protein anchors cells to neighboring cells and to protein filaments found outside or inside the cell. a) transporters b) receptors c) ligands d) ion channels e) linkers Answer: e

Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Study Objective 2: SO 3.2.2 Explain the concept of selective permeability. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

11) Plasma membranes are _____, which means that some chemicals move easily through plasma membrane while other chemicals do not. a) selectively permeable b) concentration graded c) electrically graded d) selectively soluble e) electrical insulators Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the plasma membrane structural and functional properties. Study Objective 2: SO 3.2.2 Explain the concept of selective permeability. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

12) Which of the following does NOT influence the rate of diffusion of a chemical across a plasma membrane? a) concentration gradient of the chemical across the membrane b) mass of the diffusing chemical c) distance that the chemical has to diffuse d) amount of ATP available e) temperature Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

Question type: Essay

13) Briefly describe the driving force for the movement of water across plasma membranes. Answer:

Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane Solution: Water moves across membranes by osmosis, which is driven by solute concentration differences across the membrane. Water moves from the area of low solute concentration to the area of high solute concentrations.

Question type: Multiple Choice 14) This is a measure of a solution’s ability to change the volume of cells by altering their water content. a) filtration b) normality c) tonicity d) equivalency e) facilitation Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

15) This is the transport process by which gases, like O2 and CO2, move through a membrane. a) osmosis b) active transport c) secondary active transport d) simple diffusion e) endocytosis Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

16) In this type of transport process, a solute (e.g. glucose) binds to a specific carrier protein on one side of the membrane. This binding induces a conformational change in the carrier protein that results in the solute moving down its concentration gradient to the other side of the membrane. a) osmosis b) active transport c) secondary active transport d) facilitated diffusion e) endocytosis Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

17) In this transport process, the energy from hydrolysis of ATP is used to drive substances across the membrane against their own concentration gradients. a) primary active transport b) secondary active transport c) facilitated diffusion d) passive diffusion e) osmosis Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

18) If the solute concentration is greater inside of the cell than outside the cell, water will move by osmosis a) into the cell. b) out of the cell. c) into and out of the cell at the same rate resulting in no net water movement. d) All of these answer choices are correct. e) None of these answers are correct. Answer: a

Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane 19) What transport process uses the energy stored in a Na+ or H+ concentration gradient to drive other substances across the membrane against their own concentration gradients? a) primary active transport b) secondary active transport c) facilitated diffusion d) passive diffusion e) osmosis Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

20) Which of the following transport processes uses vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane to secrete materials into the extracellular fluid? a) endocytosis b) exocytosis c) facilitated diffusion d) osmosis e) Both endocytosis and exocytosis. Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

21) Which of the following transport process uses vesicles formed at the plasma membrane to take up extracellular substances and import them into the cell? a) endocytosis b) exocytosis c) facilitated diffusion

d) osmosis e) Both endocytosis and exocytosis. Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

Question type: Essay

22) List the steps involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. Answer: Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane Solution: The steps involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis include 1)ligand binding, 2)vesicle formation, 3)uncoating of the vesicle, 4)fusion of the vesicle with endosome, 5)recycling of receptors to the plasma membrane, and 6)degradation of the ligand in the lysosome.

Question type: Multiple Choice

23) During phagocytosis, binding of a particle to a plasma membrane receptor triggers formation of _____, which are extensions of the plasma membrane of the phagocyte that eventually surround the particle forming a phagosome. a) podocytes b) exterior vesicles c) interior vesicles d) pseudopods e) lysosomes Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

24) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the cytosol? a) primarily consists of water b) cation of electron transport chain carrier proteins c) site of many important chemical reactions d) often contains aggregates of triglycerides that form lipid droplets e) contains the enzymes of glycolysis Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

25) Specialized structures within a cell that have a characteristic shape and perform specific functions in cellular growth, maintenance and reproduction are called a) organelles. b) cytoskeletons. c) cytoplasm. d) cytosol. e) nuclei. Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm 26) Microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules are all components of a cell’s a) cytoskeleton. b) nucleus. c) plasma membrane. d) flagella. e) ribosome. Answer: a Difficulty: Easy

Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

27) This cellular organelle is comprised of a pair of centrioles and the surrounding pericentriolar material. a) cytoskeleton b) cilia c) centrosome d) flagella e) peroxisomes Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

28) Spermatozoa is the only type of human cell that contains a _____, which is a whip-like structure that helps propel the sperm towards an oocyte. a) cilium b) flagellum c) mitochondria d) centrosome e) microvillus Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

29) Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles is the site of synthesis of membrane proteins and secretory proteins? a) rough endoplasmic reticulum b) smooth endoplasmic reticulum c) nucleus d) centrosome

e) Golgi complex Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

30) Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles modifies, sorts, and packages proteins destined for other regions of the cell? a) endoplasmic reticulum b) Golgi complex c) peroxisomes d) nucleus e) proteasome Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

Question type: Essay

31) Briefly state the functions of the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Answer: Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm Solution: The rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes glycoproteins, phospholipids and digestive enzymes that are transferred to other cellular organelles, inserted into the plasma membrane, secreted during exocytosis or stored in the lysosomes. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes fatty acids and steroids, detoxifies harmful substances, removes phosphate groups from glucose-6-phosphate, and stores and releases calcium ions that trigger contractions in muscle fibers.

32) Briefly describe how proteins move through the Golgi complex.

Answer: Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm Solution: Proteins are packaged into transport vesicles by the rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane. These vesicles enter on the (cis) face of the Golgi complex, and the proteins move through the cisternae, from (cis) face through to exit (trans) face. Proteins will leave from the (trans) face of the Golgi complex in vesicles that will deliver the protein to plasma membrane, secretory vesicles, or to other organelles in the cell.

Question type: Multiple Choice

33) Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles contains several oxidases that are involved in oxidation of fatty acids and amino acids during normal metabolism and in detoxification of chemicals like alcohol in the liver? a) peroxisomes b) mitochondria c) proteasome d) ribosomes e) lysosomes Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

34) Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles can engulf a worn-out organelle, digest its chemical components, and recycle those digested components? a) peroxisomes b) mitochondria c) proteasome d) ribosomes e) lysosomes Answer: e

Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

35) The major function of mitochondria is to a) move the cell. b) generate ATP. c) produce proteins. d) oxidize organelles. e) synthesize glycolipids. Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

36) Which of the following protects the contents of the nucleus? a) nucleic acids b) nuclear membrane c) centrosome d) cilia e) Golgi complex Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.5 Describe the structure and function of the nucleus. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.5 Nucleus

37) What is the major function of histones? a) needed for helix formation of the DNA b) add negative charge to the DNA c) help organize coiling and folding of the DNA d) degrade faulty proteins in the nucleus e) catalyze methylation of the DNA Answer: c

Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.5 Describe the structure and function of the nucleus. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.5 Nucleus

Question type: Essay

38) Briefly explain the difference between transcription and translation. Answer: Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.6 Describe the sequence of events in protein synthesis. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.6 Protein Synthesis Solution: Transcription is making mRNA from DNA and it occurs in the nucleus, while translation is making a protein from the information in mRNA and happens in the cytosol of the cell.

Question type: Multiple Choice

39) This portion of a DNA segment does not code for a protein. a) RNA b) introns c) exons d) polyribosome e) ribosome Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.6 Describe the sequence of events in protein synthesis. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.6 Protein Synthesis

Question type: Essay

40) Briefly describe alternative splicing. Answer: Difficulty: Medium

Study Objective 1: SO 3.6 Describe the sequence of events in protein synthesis. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.6 Protein Synthesis Solution: Alternative splicing of mRNA is a process in which the pre-mRNA transcribed from a gene is spliced in different ways to produce several different mRNAs. The different mRNAs are used to make different proteins.

Question type: Essay

41) Define homologous chromosomes. Answer: Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.7 Understand the events and processes involved in cell division. Study Objective 2: SO 3.7.1 Discuss the stages, events, and significance of somatic and reproductive cell division. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.7 Cell Division Solution: Homologous chromosomes contain similar genes arranged in the same (or almost the same) order.

Question type: Multiple Choice

42) During this phase of cell division, organelles duplicate and centrosome replication begins. a) interphase b) prophase c) metaphase d) anaphase e) telophase Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.7 Understand the events and processes involved in cell division. Study Objective 2: SO 3.7.1 Discuss the stages, events, and significance of somatic and reproductive cell division. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.7 Cell Division

43) During this phase of cell division, the centromeres split leading to separation and subsequent migration of the two members of a chromatid pair to opposite poles of the cells. The cleavage furrow also begins to develop during this phase.

a) interphase b) prophase c) metaphase d) anaphase e) telophase Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.7 Understand the events and processes involved in cell division. Study Objective 2: SO 3.7.1 Discuss the stages, events, and significance of somatic and reproductive cell division. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.7 Cell Division

44) In the diagram, which organelle is responsible for autophagy and autolysis?

a) C b) B c) F d) J e) D Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

45) In the diagram, which organelle is used to modify, sort and transport proteins?

a) D b) I c) A d) J e) G Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

46) In the diagram, which organelle aids movement of the cell?

a) A b) G c) H d) D e) I Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

47) In the diagram, this structure directs cellular activities.

a) D b) F c) G d) A e) H Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.5 Describe the structure and function of the nucleus. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.5 Nucleus

48) In the diagram, which one represents carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion?

a) A b) B c) C d) Both A and C e) Both B and C Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

49) In the diagram, which one represents a hypertonic solution

a) A b) B

c) C d) Both B and C e) All of these choices are correct. Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

Question type: Essay

50) Describe briefly what is occurring at each step in the figure.

Answer: Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.6 Describe the sequence of events in protein synthesis.

Section Reference 1: Sec 3.6 Protein Synthesis Solution: This figure represents protein synthesis. Step one, the initiator tRNA attaches to a start codon. In step two, the large and small ribosomal subunits join to form a functional ribosome and initiator tRNA fits into P site. In step three, the anticodon of an incoming tRNA pairs with the next mRNA codon at A site. Step four, the amino acid on the tRNA at P site forms a peptide bond with the amino acid at A site. Step five, the tRNA at the P site leaves the ribosome and the ribosome shifts down by one codon. The tRNA previously at the A site is now at the P site. Step six is when protein synthesis stops when the ribosome reaches one of three potential stop codons on the mRNA strand.

Question type: Multiple Choice

51) In the diagram, which panel shows events occurring during anaphase?

a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.7 Understand the events and processes involved in cell division. Study Objective 2: SO 3.7.1 Discuss the stages, events, and significance of somatic and reproductive cell division. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.7 Cell Division

52) In the diagram, which panel shows the kinetochore of the centromeres aligning along the center of the mitotic spindle of the cell?

a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.7 Understand the events and processes involved in cell division. Study Objective 2: SO 3.7.1 Discuss the stages, events, and significance of somatic and reproductive cell division. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.7 Cell Division

53) In the diagram, which panel shows cells that are in interphase?

1A 2C 3F a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1 and 3 e) 1, 2, and 3 Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.7 Understand the events and processes involved in cell division. Study Objective 2: SO 3.7.1 Discuss the stages, events, and significance of somatic and reproductive cell division. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.7 Cell Division

Question type: Essay

54) Compare and contrast primary and secondary active transport. Answer: Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

Solution: Both are energy requiring transport processes that are capable of moving substances against their concentration gradients. Energy obtained from hydrolysis of ATP drives primary active transport, while energy stored in an ionic concentration gradient drives secondary active transport.

55) Compare mitosis to meiosis. Answer: Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.7 Understand the events and processes involved in cell division. Study Objective 2: SO 3.7.1 Discuss the stages, events, and significance of somatic and reproductive cell division. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.7 Cell Division Solution: Mitosis is somatic cell division that produces two identical cells with the same number (diploid) and kinds of chromosomes as the original cell. Meiosis is reproductive cell division that produces cells in which the number of chromosomes in the nucleus is reduced in half (haploid)

Question type: Multiple Choice

56) What structural component of the membrane is labeled (E) in the diagram?

a) glycoprotein b) cholesterol

c) channel protein d) glycolipid e) phospholipid Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

57) What structural components of the membrane are labeled (C) in the diagram?

a) peripheral proteins b) cholesterol molecules c) pores d) integral proteins e) phospholipids Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

58) What structural component of the membrane is labeled (B) in the diagram?

a) glycoprotein b) cholesterol c) glycolipid d) channel protein e) phospholipid Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

58) Which of the following represents an ion channel?

a) F b) C c) D d) A e) E Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

59) Which of the following shows ligand binding at the cell surface?

a) B b) C c) D d) A e) E Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

60) Most intravenous solutions are _____ with respect to blood cells?

a) tonicity b) isotonic c) hypertonic d) osmotic e) hypotonic Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

61) Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in receptor-mediated endocytosis shown in the figure?

a) binding > degradation in lysosomes > vesicle formation > uncoating > recycling of receptors to plasma membrane > fusion with endosome b) degradation in lysosomes > fusion with endosome > recycling of receptors to plasma membrane > uncoating > vesicle formation > binding

c) degradation in lysosomes > recycling of receptors to plasma membrane > fusion with endosome > uncoating > vesicle formation > binding d) binding > vesicle formation > uncoating > fusion with endosome > recycling of receptors to plasma membrane > degradation in lysosomes e) binding > uncoating > vesicle formation > fusion with endosome > degradation in lysosomes > recycling of receptors to plasma membrane Answer: d Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

62) Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in phagocytosis shown in the figure?

a) pseudopods surround particle > phagosome formed > fusion of lysosome and phagosome > digestion by lysosomal enzymes > residual body formed b) phagosome formed > pseudopods surround particle > fusion of lysosome and phagosome > digestion by lysosomal enzymes > residual body formed c) phagosome formed > pseudopods surround particle > fusion of lysosome and phagosome > residual body formed > digestion by lysosomal enzymes d) residual body formed > phagosome formed > pseudopods surround particle > fusion of lysosome and phagosome > digestion by lysosomal enzymes

e) fusion of lysosome and phagosome > residual body formed > phagosome formed > pseudopods surround particle > digestion by lysosomal enzymes Answer: a Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

63) Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in bulk-phase endocytosis shown in the figure?

a) plasma membrane forms vesicle around extracellular droplets > fusion of lysosome and vesicle > vesicle formed pinches off into cytosol > digestion by enzymes > solutes released b) solutes released > plasma membrane forms vesicle around extracellular droplets > fusion of lysosome and vesicle > vesicle formed pinches off into cytosol > digestion by enzymes c) vesicle formed pinches off into cytosol > solutes released > plasma membrane forms vesicle around extracellular droplets > fusion of lysosome and vesicle > digestion by enzymes d) vesicle formed pinches off into cytosol > plasma membrane forms vesicle around extracellular droplets > fusion of lysosome and vesicle > digestion by enzymes > solutes released

e) plasma membrane forms vesicle around extracellular droplets > vesicle formed pinches off into cytosol > fusion of lysosome and vesicle > digestion by enzymes > solutes released Answer: e Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

64) Which of the following transport processes moves substances through cells using endocytosis on one side of a cell and exocytosis on the opposite side of the cell? a) phagocytosis b) secondary active transport c) transcytosis d) osmosis e) simple diffusion Answer: c Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport substances across the plasma membrane Section Reference 1: Sec 3.3 Transport across the Plasma Membrane

65) Which disease below is an inherited condition characterized by the absence of a single lysosomal enzyme called Hex A? a) Tay-Sachs disease b) leukemia c) progeria d) lymphoma e) Werner syndrome Answer: a Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

66) Which organelle is responsible for synthesis of steroids, phospholipids and functions as a reservoir for Ca2+? a) mitochondrion b) secretory vesicle c) smooth endoplasmic reticulum d) rough endoplasmic reticulum e) lysosome Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

67) What other organelle besides the nucleus contain DNA? a) Golgi complex b) lysosome c) ribosomes d) mitochondrion e) centrosome Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm

68) This is the site of synthesis of rRNA and assembly of rRNA and proteins into ribosomal subunits. a) nucleus b) nucleolus c) smooth endoplasmic reticulum d) rough endoplasmic reticulum e) Golgi complex Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.5 Describe the structure and function of the nucleus.

Section Reference 1: Sec 3.5 Nucleus

69) What compound would a cell lacking ribosomes be unable to make? a) lipids b) nucleotides c) proteins d) carbohydrates e) phospholipids Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Study Objective 1: SO 3.6 Describe the sequence of events in protein synthesis. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm Section Reference 1: Sec 3.6 Protein Synthesis

70) The following is a particular sequence of base triplet on a DNA molecule: ATG. What is the corresponding codon for the mRNA? a) TAC b) GUA c) GTA d) CTA e) UAC Answer: e Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.6 Describe the sequence of events in protein synthesis. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.6 Protein Synthesis

71) The following is a particular sequence of codon on mRNA: ACU. What is the corresponding anti-codon for the tRNA? a) UGA b) UCA c) TGA d) TCA e) AUC

Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.6 Describe the sequence of events in protein synthesis. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.6 Protein Synthesis

Question type: Essay

72) Describe the difference between the cytoplasm and the cytosol. Answer: Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.4 Describe the structure and function of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.4 Cytoplasm Solution: The cytoplasm is all the cellular material (organelles and fluid) between the plasma membrane and the nucleus, while the cytosol is only the fluid portion of the cytoplasm.

Question type: Multiple Choice

73) The difference in concentration of a specific chemical, like Na+, on the inside and outside of a plasma is referred as a(n) a) electrochemical potential. b) membrane potential. c) electrical gradient. d) concentration gradient. e) biological capacitance. Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.2 Describe structure and functions of the plasma membrane. Study Objective 2: SO 3.2.3 Define the electrochemical gradient and describe its components. Section Reference 1: Sec 3.2 The Plasma Membrane

74) An orderly, genetically programmed cell death is referred to as ________, while disorganized pathological cell death is referred to as ________. a) apoptosis; synapsis

b) apoptosis; necrosis c) necrosis; apoptosis d) synapsis; necrosis e) necrosis; synapsis Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 3.9 Describe the cellular changes that occur with aging. Section Reference 2: Sec 3.9 Aging and Cells

75) Which of the cells in the diagram contains structural adaptations that increase surface area for absorption?

1B 2C 3D 4E a) 3 and 4 b) 1 only c) 2 only d) 3 only e) 4 only

Answer: a Difficulty: Hard Study Objective 1: SO 3.8 Describe how cells differ in size and shape. Section Reference 2: Sec 3.8 Cellular Diversity

Related direct download links: principles of anatomy and physiology 14th edition test bank pdf principles of anatomy and physiology test bank free principles of anatomy and physiology 13th edition test bank free principles of anatomy and physiology test bank download principles of anatomy and physiology 14th edition study guide principles of anatomy and physiology 14th edition test bank free principles of anatomy and physiology 14th edition quizlet test bank for anatomy and physiology 10th edition