Preinforme 2 Lab - SEP

 

 

; Fka`rkt`rb` nh Wbsthjks nh ]`thegbk - Xebvhrsbnkn ^hge`f÷ibgk nh ]hrhbrk

]rhbed`rjh e½ 1.  G`etr`f pkrk Dfuc` nh ]`thegbk.  Nkvbn Kenrâs Kghvhn`, Chke ]bhrrh Ohek`

nkvbn.kghvhn`Mutp.hnu.g` , chkepbohek`Mutp.hnu.g` Irup` 1, Wuairup` ;

Fka`rkt`rb` nh Wbsthjks nh ]`thegbk - ]r`irkjk nh Beihebhrêk Hfâgtrbgk. Xebvhrsbnkn ^hge`f÷ibgk nh ]hrhbrk

Qhsujhe3 He hstk prëgtbgk sh ausgk nhckr gfkr` hf g`eghpt` nh g`etr`f nh jëqubeks hfâgtrbgks, p`r f` tket`, sh hstunbkrëe f`s jât`n`s nh g`etr`f nh fks vkrbkafhs hfâgtrbgks he f`s e`n`s, n`enh sh begfuyke f`s fêjbths, pkrk ksê hstunbkr f`s hdhgt`s `gksb`ekn`s k fk rhn, k su vhz, sh prhthenh hstunbkr hf hdhgt` nh f`s trkesd`rjkn`rhs g`e tkp s`arh fk rhn hfâgtrbgk kf biukf quh fks gurvks nh gkpkgbnkn nh f`s ihehrkn`rhs y kekfbzkr fks tâgebgks g`jpheskgb÷e nh rhkgtbv`s pkrk hf g`etr`f nh thesb÷e he f`s sbsthjks hfâgtrbg`s nh p`thegbk. Kastrkgt3 Be tobs prkgtbgh wh shhl t` gfkrbdy toh g`eghpt `d g`etr`f tohrhd`rh, wh kt wbfftoh stuny toh jhto`ns`d`dhfhgtrbgkf g`etr`f jkgobehs, `d hfhgtrbgkf vkrbkafhs e`nhs, wohrh toh fbjbts krh begfunhn, be `rnhr t` stuny toh hddhgts gkushn t` toh ehtw`rl, be ture, wh bethen t` stuny toh hddhgt `d trkesd`rjhrs wbto tkp `e toh p`whr irbn ks whff ks toh gkpkgbty gurvhs `d toh ihehrkt`rs ken kekfyzh toh rhkgtbvh g`jphesktb`e thgoebquhs d`r v`ftkih g`etr`f be hfhgtrbgkf p`whr systhjs.

 

Fk g`rrbheth nh gkjp` e` puhnh hxghnhr hf vkf`r hstkafhgbn`, he duegb÷e hf gkfhetkjbhet` quh sudrh hf nhvkekn` nh gkjp`.

 

Fk nhjkenk nh p`thegbk kgtbvk e` nhah hxghnhr fk gfksbdbgkgb÷e nhf prbj`-j`t`r.

 

Fk nhjkenk nh p`thegbk rhkgtbvk e` puhnh hxghnhr fk gkpkgbnkn e`jbekf nhf ihehrkn`r, hsth fêjbth sh nhthrjbek he duegb÷e nhf gkfhetkjbhet` quh sudrh hf nhvkekn` nhf hstkt`r nhabn` k fk g`rrbheth nh krjknurk.

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Hf ëeiuf` nhf pkr nhahr shr bedhrb`r k 2=½. Fk vhf`gbnkn y fk drhguhegbk nhahe shr f`s e`jbekfhs.

]kfkarks gfkvh3 Ëeiuf`, Gurvk, Gkpkgbnkn, Dfuc` nh ]`thegbk, Ihehrkn`r, ^kp, ^rkesd`rjkn`r, WTG, Wêegr`e`. B. G@E^HEBN@.  K.  Qhspuhstk  Qhspuhstk k fks prhiuetks pfkethknks. pfkethknks.

]krk ghetrkr f`s g`e`gbjbhet`s rhquhrbn`s pkrk fk prëgtbgk sh  prhthenhe rhsp`enhr nh jkehrk knhguknk fks prhiuetks  pr`puhstks p`r fk iuêk. ;. Hxpfbquh gknk uek nh fks gurvks nh gkpkgbnkn nh fk jëqubek sêegr`ek. Juhstrh fk gurvk dbekf `athebnk.

Dbiurk ;. Gurvk nh gkpkgbnkn nh fk jëqubek sêegr`ek. ]krk quh fk jëqubek `phrh nh d`rjk shiurk hs ehghskrb` hstunbkr f`s fêjbths nh hstk jhnbketh fk gurvk nh gkpkgbnkn.

1. °G÷j` sh puhnh g`etr`fkr ` jkethehr hf v`ftkch he ue e`n`0

Hf `achtbv` nh fk gurvk hs hvbtkr hf nhthrb`r` nh fk jëqubek, yk quh nhe`tk irëdbgkjheth hf ërhk nh hxghfheth `phrkgb÷e pkrk

Hf v`ftkch he ue e`n` sh puhnh jkethehr jhnbketh nbdhrheths

fk jbsjk. \1Z

d`rjks, fks jës g`juehs utbfbzknks s`e3

Kfiueks rhstrbggb`ehs quh sh nhahe thehr he guhetk s`e3

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Akeg`s nh g`enheskn`rhs. ^rkesd`rjkn`rhs rhiufkn`rhs. ^rkesd`rjkn`r g`e ^kps.

 

 

1 Fka`rkt`rb` nh Wbsthjks nh ]`thegbk - Xebvhrsbnkn ^hge`f÷ibgk nh ]hrhbrk

   

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G`jpheskn`rhs nh p`thegbk rhkgtbvk. Tkrbkgb÷e nh p`thegbk rhkgtbvk nh f`s ihehrkn`rhs quh g`jp`ehe fk rhn. Hfhjhet`s g`j` WTG y W^K^G@J.

7. °]`r quâ hs ehghskrb` jkethehr fk thesb÷e nh ue e`n` nhetr` nh f`s fêjbths `phrktbv`s0 Hs ehghskrb` jkethehr fk thesb÷e s`arh f`s fêjbths `phrktbv`s  p`rquh hf sbsthjk sbsthjk puhnh nhshstkabfbz nhshstkabfbzkrsh krsh y het hetrkr rkr he `phrkgb÷e he z`eks behstkafhs, guken` fk dfugtukgb÷e nh fk thesb÷e hs juy irkenh y s`arh pksk f`s fêjbths puhnh `gurrbr quh `trks ërhks sh vhke kdhgtknks, ihehrken` nkû`s k hfhjhet`s y jëqubek p`r fk vkrbkgb÷e nh nbgo` v`ftkch.\>Z

g`jpfhc` nh jkehckr sb hxbsth uek irke gketbnkn nh shfhgt`rhs, gkah rhskftkr quh p`r f` ihehrkf hf sbsthjk n`enh sh heguhetrh nbgo` trkesd`rjkn`r hstë he fk gkpkgbnkn nh pr`nugbr uek shûkf nh kfkrjk he hf gks` nh quh hf `phrkrb` p`eik f`s ^K]‒s nh nbdhrheths vkf`rhs. ]`r `tr` fkn`, hf jkehc` kut`jëtbg` sh rhkfbzk kgtbvken` fk `pgb÷e nhetr` nhf ikabehth tkjabâe, phr` hsth pr`ghs` hs jugo` jës sbjpfh, puhs akstk g`e swbtgohkr fk `pgb`e nhf shfhgt`r Jkeukf/Kut`jktbg` g`j` sh juhstrk he fk sbiubheth dbiurk. \4Z

>. He hstunb`s nh dfuc` nh gkrik, °quâ sughnh nhetr` nhf jât`n` Ehwt`e Qkpos`e guken` fk p`thegbk rhkgtbvk he ue ihehrkn`r (e`n` ]T) vb`fk sus fêjbths0 Guken` sh prhshetke vb`fkgb`ehs he f`s fêjbths nh p`thegbk rhkgtbvk nh f`s ihehrkn`rhs prhshetk nbdbguftknhs k fk o`rk nh nhthrjbekr fk g`evhrihegbk, p`r f` quh sh nhah fbahrkr hf g`etr`f nh v`ftkch gkjabken` nh tbp` nh e`n`< sh gkjabk hf e`n` ]T k ue e`n` nh gkrik tbp` ][, hf gukf puhnh shr j`nhfkn` he ue hstunb` nh dfuc`s nh p`thegbk nh n`s jkehrks3

 

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G`j` ue e`n` nh gkrik ][ g`e ] : = y [ nh kguhrn` g`e hf fêjbth vb`fkn`. G`j` ue hfhjhet` he nhrbvkgb÷e nh susghptkegbk (A)\8Z 

^hebhen` hst` he guhetk sh rhgkfgufke f`s v`ftkchs he f`s  aushs, ko`rk abhe, sb f`s e`n`s ihehrkn`rhs e` s`e gkpkghs nh sujbebstrkr fk p`thegbk ` hf v`ftkch quh sh fhs hxbih sh okgh ehghskrb` gkjabkr hf e`n` sfkgl, puhs e` sh heguhetrk he fk gkpkgbnkn nh kaksthghr hf sbsthjk knhguknkjheth, f` gukf bedfuyh ehiktbvkjheth he nhthrjbekr hf dfuc` nh p`thegbk.

Dbiurk 1. ]kehf nh g`etr`f nh ue ikabehth. 4. °[uâ hs ue g`enheskn`r sêegr`e`0 Hs jës g`e`gbn` g`j` ue g`jpheskn`r nh rhkgtbv`s, yk quh hs ue j`t`r sêegr`e` `phrken` s`arh-hxgbtkn`, g`e p`thegbk kgtbvk biukf k ghr`, f` quh phrjbth g`etr`fkr fk thesb÷e y p`r hff` fk p`thegbk rhkgtbvk quh sh hetrhik kf sbsthjk. 9. °[uâ s`e f`s nbsp`sbtbv`s WTG y W^K^G@J0, °pkrk quh sh utbfbzke0, °he quâ htkpks nhf sbsthjk hfâgtrbg` s`e utbfbzkn`s (ihehrkgb÷e, trkesjbsb÷e y/` nbstrbaugb÷e nbstrbaugb÷e)0 )0

8. °Hxpfbquh g÷j` sh g`esbnhrke f`s trkesd`rjkn` trkesd`rjkn`rhs rhs g`e tkp he hstunb`s nh dfuc` nh gkrik0 Hxpfbquh nhtkffknkjheth hf

F`s nbsp`sbtbv`s WTG y W^K^G@J s`e nbsp`sbtbv`s utbfbzkn`s pkrk rhiufkr hf dfuc` nh p`thegbk, p`r f` tket`,  phrjbthe kujhetkr fk dfhxbabfbnkn y g`etr`fkabfbnk g`etr`fkabfbnkn n nh

jkehc` jkeukf y kut`jëtbg` nh f`s ^K]‒ ^K]‒s

`phrkgb÷e, hst` jhc`rk sbsthjks hxbstheths. \;Z fk hstkabfbnkn y fk utbfbzkgb÷e nh f`s

F`s trkesd`rjkn`rhs g`e ^K]W sh g`esbnhrke nh jugok bjp`rtkegbk pkrk hf hstunb` nh dfuc` nh gkrik, yk quh phrjbth jkethehr hf akfkegh nh thesb`ehs guken` sh nhthrjbeke fks z`eks. ]krk j`nbdbgkr fk thesb÷e he hf trkesd`rjkn`r f` quh sh okgh hs gkjabkr fk p`sbgb÷e nhf ^K], f` quh phrjbth j`nbdbgkr fk rhfkgb÷e nh trkesd`rjkgb÷e, hst`s gkjab`s nh rhfkgb÷e s`e kpr`xbjknkjheth he pks`s nh 1,8%. Hst` juhstrk irke kyunk, guken` hxbsth ue e`n` quh rhqubhrh jky`r kfbjhetkgb÷e nh gkrik y hf trkesd`rjkn`r g`e ^K] puhnh j`nbdbgkr su rhfkgb÷e y supfbr fk nhjkenk. \7Z ]krk hf jkehc` jkeukf nh f`s ^K]‒s ^K]‒s   nhf trkesd`rjkn`r sh nhah nbrbibr hf `phrkrb` kf pkehf nh g`etr`f nhf ikabehth n`enh sh heguhetrh bestkfkn` hf trkesd`rjkn`r (he uek suahstkgb÷e,  p`r hchjpf`) pkrk kgtbvkr kgtbvkr uek shrbh nh rhfâs y nh ko koêê nbrbibrsh k f`s gkjabkn`rhs nh ^K]‒s, ^K]‒s, hsth pr`ghs` sh vuhfvh jës

?. °[uâ g`enbgb`ehs sh nhahe gujpfbr guken` sh qubhrh thehr hf jbsj` dfuc` nh p`thegbk p`r n`s hfhjhet`s quh hstëe g`ehgtkn`s he pkrkfhf` (fêehks, trkesd`rjkn`rhs y trkesd`rjkn`rhs g`e tkp)0 Guken` hstëe n`s hfhjhet`s g`ehgtkn`s he pkrkfhf`, f`s vkf`rhs bestketëeh`s nh fks thesb`ehs nhf ihehrkn`r y nh fk rhn nhahe shr biukfhs. F` quh rhstrbeih quh fks thesb`ehs nh z`eks ghrgkeks gujpfke fks sbiubheths g`enbgb`ehs3

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Biukfnkn nh Tkf`rhs hdbgkghs. Biukfnkn nh drhguhegbks. drhguhegbks. Biukfnkn nh ëeiuf`s nh dksh. Biukfnkn he fk shguhegbk nh fks dkshs.

^`nks fks g`enbgb`ehs nhahe shr vhrbdbgknks gknk vhz quh sh rhkfbzk fk jkeb`ark nh kg`pfkjbhet` nhf kfthrekn`r k fk rhn.

 

 

7 Fka`rkt`rb` nh Wbsthjks nh ]`thegbk - Xebvhrsbnkn ^hge`f÷ibgk nh ]hrhbrk

BB. QHDHQHEGBKW \;Z K. F`en`û`, ‖ Kpfbgkgb÷e nhf g`etr`f bethfbiheth he hf kj`rtbiukjbhet` nh `sgbfkgb`ehs usken` dkgts‚ Xebvhrsbnkn ^hge`f÷ibgk nh ]hrhbrk, ]hrhbrk 1=;>. \@efbehZ. Kvkbfkafh3 ottp3//rhp`sbt` ottp3//rhp`sbt`rb`.utp.hnu.g`/nspk rb`.utp.hnu.g`/nspkgh/abtstrhkj gh/abtstrhkj/okenfh/;; /okenfh/;; =82/>28?/41;7;77A>;1.pnd0shquhegh:;&bsKff`whn: y \1Z \1Z Q. Lksuslb ‖ J`nhfkn` nhf ihehrkn`r sêegr`e` sêegr`e` y gurvk nh gkpkabfbnkn ‚ 1==2 \`efbehZ Kvkbfkafh3 ottps3//sfbnhpfkyhr.hs/sfbnh/;89;4=/ \7Z Q. K. Ikffhi`, K. O. Hsg`akr, J. Irkeknk ‖Dfuc` nh gkrik he sbsthjks nh trkesjbsb÷e, j`nhfkjbhet` y keëfbsbs‚.  ;hr hn. ]hrhbrk3 Hnbt`rbkf X^], 1=;4. \>Z \>Z C. C Irkbeihr, Y. N. Wthvhes`e, ‖ Keëfbsbs nh sbsthjks nh  p`thegbk‚ ;hr n , E`rto Gkr`fbek3 JgIrkw-Obff, JgIrkw -Obff, ;224.

\8Z QKJBQ@ ]K^BE@ AHN@FFK, ‖KEKFBWBW R G@E^Q@F NH DFXC@W NH ]@^HEGBK HE HW^KN@ HW^KAFH‚ HW^KAFH ‚ XEBTHQWBNK N KX^@E@JK N H EXHT@ FH@E ;228. \@efbehZ.Kvkbfkafh3 ottp3//hprbets.ukef.jx/79;/;/;=1=;;18;=.]ND  \4Z Kek Jkrghfk Akst`s Q`nrêiuhz ‖Bjpfhjhetkgb÷e nhf sbsthjk nh g`etr`f nh pkrkfhfbsj` nh fk suahstkgb÷e nh Ohrhnbk‚‚ 1==7 Ohrhnbk 1==7 \`efbehZ Kvkbfkafh3 ottps3//g`rh.kg.ul/n`wef`kn/pnd/4=2?98?1.pnd