Practical English Book 1 Answer Key

PRACTICAL ENGLISH BOOK 1 EDWIN SOO KIM SENG ANSWER KEY These are suggested answers only. Some of these exercises may have other alternative answers. Accept any logical and relevant answers. Chapter 1 Grammar Parts of Speech Exercise 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

freedom information/informant/informer kindness belief/believer difference

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

employee/employer/employment proposal/proposer/proposition advice/advisor explosion leadership/leader

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

betrayal disappointment wisdom intelligence poverty

Exercise 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

investigation suggestion explanation differences application

Exercise 3

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Error yourselves her This which me

Correction yourself hers These whom I

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Error some who they yours whom

Correction any whose them your who

Exercise 4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

healthy selective historical attractive powerful/powerless

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1

famous comfortable/uncomfortable friendly youthful understandable/understanding

Exercise 5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

sleepy lucky edible humourous agreeable

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

alcoholic influential filthy enthusiastic advisable

Exercise 6 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

an interesting short an exciting new an oblong brown marble a long pink cotton an impatient old Korean a dangerous long narrow a beautiful large white Victorian a good looking tall young dark an attractive slender fair Italian an elegant small black German sports

Exercise 7 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

naughtier than the longest more adventurous than the most diligent better than

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

expensive the richest more annoying than modern cutest

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

respond compute/computerise rationalise solidify attach

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

publicise officiate bathe compile unite

Exercise 8 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

beautify widen demonstrate anger memorise

Exercise 9 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

apologise pronounce educate strengthen succeed

2

Exercise 10 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

slowly confidently successfully easily courageously

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

repeatedly hungrily terribly diligently usually

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

obediently effortlessly voluntarily optimistically suspiciously

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

in/with over on before around/round

Correction at between across by in

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Error by on in out in

Correction on against into off on

Correction but/yet nor and or so

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Error although nor if Neither after

Correction because or unless Either before

Exercise 11 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

safely mysteriously promptly patiently/impatiently accidentally

Exercise 12 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

on/by/before/after in/inside with through at

Exercise 13

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Error on beside over with at

Exercise 14

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Error so and or nor but

3

Exercise 15 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Ouch! Wow! Mmm! Eh! What

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

How Oh dear! Yuck! Hey! Oh!

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

inspiration sweeten hazardous rudely acceptance

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

breakable simplify intentionally endurance glamourous

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

anxiously co-operative investment flattened assistance

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

homesickness hypnotised tactfully stimulating broadened

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

futuristic disappointment differentiate apologetically terrorise

Exercise 16 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

advertisement slippery categorise neatly acidic

Exercise 17 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

extension gracefully harmonise abusive discovery

Exercise 18 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

instructions soundly adorable dramatise curiosity

Exercise 19 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

enthusiastically persistence materialistic hurriedly falsify

Exercise 20 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

lightly expectations pricey/priceless sympathise sincerely 4

Subject-Verb Agreement Exercise 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

has am is does was

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Do has is is enjoys

Exercise 2

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Error are have are are matches

Correction is has is is match

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Error were have has prefer are

Correction was has have prefers is

Articles Exercise 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

a an the a, The an

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

the, the -, -, the an, a, the

Exercise 2

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Error the an a the a

Correction an a the a the

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

5

Error the the a an a

Correction an a the a an

Tenses Exercise 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

rains is wash plays, is playing is chairing are taking, are beautifying

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

is, works leaves, is leaving enjoys, is reading are arguing, argue is not doing, is watching

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

has never climbed have called, called has grown, saw did not visit have not collected

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

were sleeping, broke out were not paying, was briefing were complaining, fainted was jogging, stumbled was watering, occurred

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

moved, had already sold finished, had not served had taken, flew had interviewed, fainted had written, retired

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

will be celebrating will return/am going to return will have completed will be attending will have missed

Exercise 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

has just completed sent have cleaned, cleaned has been, went have watched, watched

Exercise 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

called, was watching was cleaning, was tidying were playing, rained went off, were typing was walking, snatched

Exercise 4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

had completed, resigned had locked, left arrived, had escaped had not swept, came arrived, had started

Exercise 5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

will come/are going to come will be sitting will have ended will not sign/are not going to sign will have received

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Active-Passive Voice Exercise 1 1.

Edwin broke the windows. (subject) (verb) (object)

2. The actor punched the director. (subject) (verb) (object) 3. The security guard had locked all the rooms. (subject) (verb) (object) 4. Bradley served the clients some coffee. (subject) (verb) (indirect object) (direct object) 5. The minister presented the winner a trophy. (subject) (verb) (indirect object) (direct object) Exercise 2 1. The windows were broken by Edwin. (subject) (verb) (prepositional phrase) 2. The director was punched by the actor. (subject) (verb) (prepositional phrase) 3. All the rooms had been locked by the security guard. (subject) (verb) (prepositional phrase) 4. The clients were served some coffee by Bradley. (subject) (verb) (direct object) (prepositional phrase) 5. A trophy was presented to the winner by the minister. (subject) (verb) (indirect object) (prepositional phrase) Exercise 3

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Simple Past Tense brought chose drew forgot went hid overcame

Past Participle brought chosen drawn forgotten gone hidden overcome 7

8. 9. 10.

rang saw threw

rung seen thrown

Exercise 4 1. The notices are sent out by the clerks every day. 2. The plants are not watered by Linda every morning. 3. Is a recycling campaign conducted by the department every year? Exercise 5 1. The documents were torn by Colin yesterday. 2. The projector was not borrowed by Samson. 3. Were the sales orders placed by the customers? Exercise 6 1. A cake is being baked by mother in the kitchen. 2. The benches are not being painted by the students. 3. Is the new product being promoted by the company this month? Exercise 7 1. An experiment was being carried out by them in the laboratory. 2. The new budget was not being reported by the manager. 3. Was the project being discussed by the members? Exercise 8 1. All the old computers will be replaced by the company next month. 2. The flyers are not going to be distributed by the boys tomorrow. 3. Is a cooking demonstration going to be provided by the chef? Exercise 9 1. The access card has been lost by the reporter. 2. The excess money has not been returned by the cashier. 3. Has the burglary been investigated by the police? Exercise 10 1. The live telecast of the Olympics had been recorded by Adam. 2. The receipts had not been checked by Melvin. 3. Had the delivery charges been included by the salesperson?

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Exercise 11 1. The documents will have been compiled by Andrew by next month. 2. The weeds will not have been cleared by the gardener by noon. 3. Will the financial report have been audited by the accountant before the next meeting? Exercise 12 1. Two representatives have to be assigned by Fred to greet the guests. 2. The details of the conference did not have to be finalised by Natalie. 3. Do the invitations have to be responded by the guests? Exercise 13 1. The sinks should be repaired by the plumber soon. 2. The Internet cannot be surfed by the employees during lunch hours. 3. Could the nuts in the tyres be tightened by the mechanic? Exercise 14 1. The prices might have been increased by the businessman during the festive seasons. 2. The price tags should not have been labelled wrongly by the shop assistants. 3. Could the car have been parked by the driver somewhere else? Exercise 15 1. The experiments are monitored by the laboratory assistants daily. 2. The packages were delivered by the office boy to the clients. 3. A portrait is not being painted by the artist. 4. A blood donation campaign has been launched by them. 5. Was the sales performance being evaluated by the manager? 6. The employees had been forced by the supervisor to work late. 7. Will the delinquents be counselled by the advisor? 8. The errors could have been detected by Angela earlier. 9. The chairs and tables have to be arranged by the workers in the hall. 10. A new computer programme is not going to be installed by the company. Exercise 16 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

The chief editor edits the magazine articles. The participants asked the trainer to provide the solutions. Is the mechanic estimating the cost of repairing the car? The talent agency has identified two potential models. A well known developer was building the condominium. 9

6. The teacher had already suggested the answers. 7. The inventor should not have modified the prototype. 8. Did the Human Resource Manager have to recommend the potential candidates? 9. The operator cannot connect phone calls to all departments. 10. All of us are going to organise a surprise birthday party.

Error Identifications Exercise 1

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Error it’s lecture borrowed boring off

Correction its lecturer lent bored out

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Error apologises These went an chose

Correction apologise This go a chose

Correction I much/any advised lower on

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Error is That visits Beside a

Correction are Those visit Besides the

Correction her difference bring much Beside

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Error are These works a became

Correction is This work the become

Correction themselves equipment thank than between

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Error are This helping a drank

Correction is These help the drunk

Exercise 2

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Error me many adviced cheaper in

Exercise 3

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Error his different take more Besides

Exercise 4

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Error themself equipments thanks then among

10

Exercise 5

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Error who childrens’ effect easier by

Correction whom children’s affect easy on

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Error are pillow meet an watch

Chapter 2 Cloze Passages Exercise 1 1. a 2. since 3. not 4. my 5, and

6. who 7. was 8. mother 9. in 10. care

Exercise 2 1. of 2. is 3. be 4. and 5, such

6. to 7. will 8. are 9. restaurants 10. the

Exercise 3 1. to 2. the 3. his 4. was 5, say

6. would 7. with 8. when 9. love 10. is

Exercise 4 1. been 2. a 3. by 4. save 5, it

6. time 7. to 8. and 9. can 10. reading

11

Correction is pillows meeting a watched

Exercise 5 1. a 2. to 3. was 4. his/the 5, hacking

6. like 7. but 8. have 9. who 10. any

Exercise 6 1. be 2. to 3. their 4. who 5, about

6. a 7. able 8. students 9. can 10. known

Exercise 7 1. a 2. to 3. compared 4. was 5. of

6. and 7. too 8. their 9. than 10. men

Exercise 8 1. to 2. have 3. than 4. is 5, our/the

6. for 7. must 8. if/whether 9. and 10. the

Chapter 3 Dictionary Skills Exercise 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

receive portray demonstrating nowadays knowledgeable occasional committee

8. definition 9. calendar 10. refrigerator 11. explanation 12. forty 13. pronunciation 14. writing

12

Exercise 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

catalogue program traveling jewellery enquiry diarrhea

(£) ($) ($) (£) (£) ($)

7. manoeuvre 8. honor 9. fibre 10. judgment 11. hypnotize 12. tire

(£) ($) (£) ($) ($) ($)

(£) BrE ($) AmE Exercise 3

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

Simple Present awake forbid hide rise strive spell lay ride shake shrink bear forget

Simple Past awoke forbade hid rose strove spelt laid rode shook shrank bore forgot

Past Participle awoken forbidden hidden risen striven spelt laid ridden shaken shrunk borne forgotten

Exercise 4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

film tap aerial lift biscuit

($) (£) (£) (£) (£)

movie faucet antenna elevator cookie

(£) ($) ($) ($) ($)

6. soccer 7. eggplant 8. autumn 9. bonnet 10. gas

($) ($) (£) (£) ($)

Exercise 5 1. /ælɪbaɪ/

7. /kæməflɑːʒ/

2. /həʊtel/

8. /swɑːv/

3. /dengɪ/

9. /letɪs/

4. /kəmpjuːtə/

10./fətɒgrəfɪ/

5. /kwɪə/

11./dɪtɜːmɪn/

6. /dɪvɔːs/

12./kɒmpətɪʃn/

13

football aubergine fall hood petrol

(£) (£) ($) ($) (£)

Exercise 6 1. /və‘keɪʃən/

7. /ɪn‘vaɪt/

2. /rɪ‘spɒnd/

8. /mɪ‘steɪk/

3. /dɪ‘veləpmənt/

9. /daɪ‘vʌldʒ/

4. /‘dʒeləsɪ/

10./dɪ‘zɜːt/

5. /sætɪs‘fækʃən/

11./ɪn‘telɪdʒənt/

6. /‘fəʊtəgrɑːf/

12./suːpə‘stɪʃəs/

Exercise 7 Students’ own responses Exercise 8 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

N Adv V Adj Prep

6. Conj 7. Phrasal verb 8. Exclam 9. Det 10. Det

Exercise 9 No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Noun criticism attraction width sympathy foolishness thoughtfulness consideration deception creation length affection dramatisation

Adjective critical attractive wide sympathetic foolish thoughtful considerate deceitful creative long affectionate dramatic

Verb criticise attract widen sympathise fool think consider deceive create lengthen affect dramatise

Exercise 10 1. a) Meaning: represent a particular meaning b) Meaning: cruel 2. a) Meaning: details of a place where one lives b) Meaning: speak to someone directly 3. a) Meaning: pull something apart b) Meaning: a drop of salty liquid which flows from the eye 14

Adverb critically attractively widely sympathetically foolishly thoughtfully considerably deceptively creatively lengthily affectionately dramatically

4. a) Meaning: move suddenly b) Meaning: season before winter and summer 5. a) Meaning: arrive after the usual time b) Meaning: dead 6. a) Meaning: almost b) Meaning: fair 7. a) Meaning: a distance between two points which is more than average b) Meaning: want 8. a) Meaning: people who are of the same age or have the same job b) Meaning: look very carefully at something 9. a) Meaning: a small river b) Meaning: flow quickly 10. a) Meaning: form a word by writing b) Meaning: a piece of magic that someone does Exercise 11 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

damaged/spoilt or cry surrender rely support knock over

6. explode 7. suddenly make a sound 8. cancel 9. retreat 10. interrupt

Exercise 12 1. Synonym: large, huge 2. Synonym: pretty 3. Synonym: plentiful 4. Synonym: disallow 5. Synonym: advantageous 6. Synonym: positive 7. Synonym: compliment 8. Synonym: hazardous 9. Synonym: ancient 10. Synonym: victory

Antonym: small, tiny Antonym: ugly, hideous Antonym: scarce Antonym: allow, permit Antonym: disadvantageous Antonym: pessimistic, negative Antonym: criticise, condemn Antonym: safe Antonym: new, modern Antonym: failure

Exercise 13 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Meaning: competitive world Meaning: to help Meaning: at the last moment Meaning: to forgive and forget Meaning: to change one’s life for the better Meaning: someone who provides comfort Meaning: to ignore or refuse to listen Meaning: to reveal a secret 15

9. Meaning: very near 10. Meaning: to have the wrong idea about how to get something

Chapter 4 Listening Exercise 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

attitude sacrifice success motivate optimistic

6. challenge 7. believe 8. opportunities 9. smile 10. optimist

Exercise 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

clothing designs leaflets newest benefits

6. points 7. 400 8. RM10 9. pre-sales 10. 50%

Exercise 3 1. socialising and meeting 2. likes and dislikes 3. a better understanding

4. goods and services 5. three times a year

Exercise 4 1. the World Cup football season 2. illegal bookie websites 3. placing a deposit

4. like taking drugs 5. total gambling losses

Exercise 5 1. C 2. B 3. D

4. A 5. B

Exercise 6 1. C 2. A 3. B

4. C 5. B

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Exercise 7 1. He is a teacher. 2. He discovered MyTube three years ago. 3. He uses MyTube in his teaching to help students to grasp the learning points better. Furthermore, the video clips can stimulate the students and keep them awake. 4. He prefers MyTube to other websites because he can get all the video clips that he wants from MyTube whereas other websites have limited clips. 5. The issue that he has with using MyTube is that he has to allocate more time to planning his lessons and selecting appropriate clips. Exercise 8 1. GSE research specialises in surveys on Internet usage. 2. GSE Research expects that there will be 1.7 million Internet users in Malaysia by the end of 2008. 3. The bank has 60,000 registered Internet customers based on its website survey. 4. An average of 19,000 sales transactions are conducted through the bank website in a month. 5. The bank will be investing RM1 million to upgrade its website. Exercise 9 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

dietician more than 10 years to eat more celery as it contains a chemical that can lower blood pressure to reduce the risk of colon cancer, heart attack and strokes to grate an apple with its skin and let the pieces turn brown before eating them

Exercise 10 1. a) what products or services the company deals with b) the key personnel of the company c) the company’s visions and missions 2. It gives the impression to your potential employer that you are keen on working for the company. 3. You will sound fluent and confident when you answer them on the actual day of the interview. 4. a) a long-sleeved shirt with a tie, a pair of trousers and formal shoes b) formal or office attire without excessive make-up, perfume or jewellery 5. To try the route out beforehand to see how much time you will need and familiarise yourself with the surroundings

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Chapter Reading Comprehension Comprehension 1 A Trip to New Zealand Enrich Your Vocabulary Exercise A 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

deliberation extensive emitted mesmerised terrified breathtaking exhilarating reminisced

       

       

released beautiful attracted exciting consideration frightened recalled thorough

Exercise B 1. mesmerised 2. deliberation 3. breathtaking 4. reminiscing

5. terrified 6. extensive 7. exhilarating 8. emitting

Check Your Understanding 1. They were in New Zealand for two weeks. 2. He made them via the Internet because attractive discounts and special packages were given for advanced online reservations. 3. They did not make advanced reservation for bungee jumping because they were unsure if they would go for it and it would be a waste of money if they did not do it. 4. They bought it to help them drive around New Zealand easily. 5. It is the smell of sulphur released from the geysers and underground terrains in Rotorua. 6. They attended a traditional Maori hangi feast and performance in the Maori village. 7. They took turns driving frequently to prevent exhaustion on anyone of them as they had to drive very far for a long period of time in the South Island. 8. The writer finally decided to go for it as he would not want to regret the onein-a-lifetime experience and his friends encouraged him to do it. 9. Prior to jumping, the writer was overwhelmed by fear to the extent that he could not enjoy the breathtaking scenery around him. However, after taking the leap, he was exhilarated.

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Comprehension 2 Beggars Enrich Your Vocabulary Exercise A

6M 1C

H

A

R

7

S

U

S

4C

O

N

3

C O M P A S S I O N

I

C

C

I

5

N

I

T

A

B

L

2D

A

R

I

N

E L I B E R A T E

E A G

L

Y

E

D

R E O

U

S

N

C

E

G

L

E

C

T

L Y

Exercise B 1. deliberately 2. neglect 3. daring 4. conscience

5. suspicious 6. compassionate 7. charitable 8. meagre

Check Your Understanding 1. Beggars can be found at ideal areas where there are many people such as night markets, monorail stations, pedestrian bridges and tourist spots. 2. Some beggars bring along their children to gain the public’s sympathy and hope they would be given more money. 3. Many people are suspicious of beggars because they could be fake beggars who belong to a syndicate to con the public. 4. The syndicates will cut off the children’s limbs or blind them to force them to beg money for the syndicates.

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5. The news article about a beggar begging in a busy night market is considered shocking to many people because the beggar, who was supposed to be poor, was sighted leaving the night market in an expensive car. 6. Some able-bodied people rather put themselves in a degrading position to beg for money because they are lazy and do not want to work hard just to earn a meagre salary. They can get a lot of money by begging without having to work hard for it. 7. There are many beggars in countries like China, Myanmar and India because these countries are facing the problems of overpopulation and poverty. 8. Giving money to beggars will not help them or solve their problems because they will continue to beg and become too dependent on people’s generosity until begging becomes a culture for them. 9. The Welfare Department should round up and investigate these beggars frequently and provide proper assistance or rehabilitation for the genuine beggars so that they can start afresh in the right direction towards productivity.

Comprehension 3 We Overeat Enrich Your Vocabulary Exercise A 1. discard 2. hassle 3. alarming 4. diverse

5. abundant 6. address 7. gradually 8. alter

Exercise B 1. address 2. discarded 3. alarming 4. hassle

5. gradually 6. abundant 7. altered 8. diverse

Check Your Understanding 1. Experts say that Malaysians can afford to eat less because they are either overeating or wasting food. 2. Malaysians discard about 930 tonnes of unconsumed food daily. 3. The unconsumed waste that is mostly thrown away includes expired bread, eggs and old or rotten fruit. 4. The food wastage in urban areas is higher than the rural areas because of the difference in income levels between the two areas.

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5. They pile a lot of food on their plates during a buffet probably because they do not want the hassle of going back for a second helping or they are worried that the food will finish before they can return. 6. Malaysian culture is rich with diverse food from the many ethnic groups. As a result, the abundance of food during the many festivals celebrated in the country as well as in the street hawkers and restaurants throughout the year, and the unhealthy food which contains a lot of sugar and oil indirectly contribute towards obesity among the young. 7. They may find it difficult to do so because there are too many temptations around and doing exercise is tiring and difficult, so they may easily give up on it. 8. The benefit of preparing our own food at home is it allows us to be in total control over what type of food we want to eat and how much we should eat, hence encouraging us to eat healthily. 9. We should not overeat or waste food because prices of food are increasing gradually due to the rising cost of living. Therefore, we are indirectly wasting our money when we overeat or waste food.

Comprehension 4 English No Good Enrich Your Vocabulary Exercise A 1. resolve 2. accepting 3. explain 4. communicate

5. complaint 6. hire 7. arrival 8. serious

Exercise B 1. converse 2. embraced 3. advent 4. arrest

5. recruit 6. articulate 7. grave 8. grouse

Check Your Understanding 1. The standard of English was still good in the 1980s, but there was a significant decline in the 1990s. 2. There is a more urgent need to arrest it because English has become an important language of knowledge and global competition now. 3. The standard of English among the young is declining due to the lack of interest among the young to master the language.

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4. They should master English because English is important when they go out to work in future, they can access a big source of information and the latest developments in knowledge, and they will not be left behind. 5. The main conclusion of the survey was that an average of six out of 10 Malaysian graduates could not communicate effectively in English during job interviews. 6. The biggest complaint among employers about school leavers is their poor communication skills, both in oral communication and writing, in English. 7. Graduates who are not able to conduct a simple conversation in English at work will develop low confidence in using the language, and they will also avoid participating in meetings and discussions where English is used. 8. They communicated by letter in the past before the availability of the Internet and ICT. 9. The limitations of translated knowledge are it will take some time before the knowledge is translated, and the knowledge itself would have changed before the translated knowledge can reach the targeted audience.

Comprehension 5 Conquering Mount Kinabalu Enrich Your Vocabulary Exercise A 1. left 2. short 3. going down 4. warned

5. accidents 6. terrifying 7. difficult 8. shaking

Exercise B 1. descend 2. depart 3. cautioned 4. brief

5. taxing 6. mishaps 7. quivered 8. petrifying

Check Your Understanding 1. The writer had never planned on climbing the mountain due to a fear of heights. 2. The writer was advised to do them to prevent nausea, drowsiness, fatigue and other symptoms of altitude sickness due to the effects of thinning air. 3. Sir Hugo Low was the first person who conquered Mount Kinabalu in 1851. 4. The porters helped them to carry their backpacks. 5. The last kilometre climb to Laban Rata was difficult because the air had become so thin that they had to stop to catch their breath every few steps. 22

6. After dinner, they had an enjoyable time reminiscing their hiking experience during the day. 7. It was helpful to them climbing to the peak in the darkness because their focus was limited to what their eyes could see, which was not far, and that had made the journey to the peak achievable. 8. They were reluctant to do so because they believed it would bring bad luck to them if they talked about such things. 9. When climbers reach the Sayat Sayat checkpoint, they can get a “Mount Kinabalu Certificate of Completion”.

Chapter 6 Pronunciation Exercise 2 /ɑː/ park card part

/iː/ steal been feel

/ɔː/ ball short four

/uː/ soup fool lose

/ɜː/ curd shirt heard

Exercise 6 /e/ head set met

/æ/ mad can bag

/ʌ/ such young blood

/ə/ banana woman doctor

/ɪ/ begin women lettuce

/ɒ/ won’t doll dock

/ʊ/ wolf pull took

/ʌ/ dug luck tuck

/eɪ/ mate grade wait

/aɪ/ might flight quite

/ɔɪ/ point voice employ

/aʊ/ found count town

Exercise 13

Exercise 17

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Exercise 23 /əʊ/ boat bowl code

/ɪə/ fear rear fierce

/eə/ dare square fair

/ʊə/ cure tour lure

/Θ/ both maths fourth

/S/ rice concert place

/ʃ/ shirt nation ocean

/tʃ/ watch future question

/ð/ breathe other than

/z/ breeze easy scissors

/ʒ/ television measure leisure

/dʒ/ village juice general

Exercise 26

Exercise 35

Exercise 42 1p

a g 3d e a n t

2a

p

l m o t n 4d i

6m 8c

o

9q

u 11n a y

i

v

i n u t e

s

v o

5r

e 7p l u m i c i e n i 10d e s s c 12d i l e

24

c

e

b

e

c

e

e

r

r

t

m m a

Exercise 43 1. /bɪzɪ/

6. /pɒpjələ/

2. /tɪʃuː/

7. /fɑːst fuːd/

3. /ænɪməl/

8. /dɪkʃənrɪ/

4. /mjuːzɪk/

9. /gɪtɑː/

5. /ɒnɪst/

10./səfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/

Exercise 44 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

chicken Wednesday watermelon computer tiny

6. cousin 7. apple 8. consumer 9. restaurant 10. intelligent

Exercise 45 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

effect different thick laugh sing

6. tide 7. colour 8. cup 9. song 10. cane

Exercise 46 1. /dɪveləp/

9. /lɪkər/

2. /venɪzən/

10./wʌn/

3. /letɪs/

11./laʊndʒ/

4. /ʃæleɪ/

12./fɪlm/

5. /hɜːb/

13./ɪkɒnəmɪ/

6. /ʃændəlɪə/

14./kʌmftəbl/

7. /sɔːnə/

15./ɒntrəprənɜː/

8. /ɔːkwərd/

16./aɪl/

Exercise 47 1. /bɑːθ/

/beɪð/

2. /suːt/

/swiːt/

3. /dezət/

/dɪzɜ:rt/

4. /praɪs/

/praɪz/

5. /wʊmən/

/wɪmɪn/

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6. /daɪn/

/dɪnə/

7. /kərɪər/

/kærɪə/

8. /aɪlənd/

/aɪələn/

9. /mesɪdʒ/

/mæsɑːʒ/

10. /kɒnʃəns/

/kɒnʃɪenʃəs/

11. /praɪvɪt/

/prɪvəsɪ/

12. /dɪzaɪn/

/dezɪgneɪʃən/

13. /rɪpiːt/

/repɪtɪʃən/

14. /kəmpaɪl/

/kɒmpɪleɪʃən/

15. /rɪdiːm/

/rɪdempʃən/

Exercise 48 1. /hɪ ɪz hæpɪ/

6. /ɪt ɪz ə smɔːl jeləʊ bɜ:d/

2. /aɪ lɪv ɪn ən əpɑːtmənt/

7. /wɪ ər wɒtʃɪŋ ə muːvɪ təmɒrəʊ/

3. /ʃiː laɪks tə ɪt tʃɒklɪts/

8. /maɪ mɑːðə ɪz ə gʊd kʊk/

4. /maɪ feɪvərɪt fruːt ɪz strɔːbrɪz/

9. /juː lʊk ʌglɪ ɪn ðæt ʃɜ:rt/

5. /wɒt ɪz ðə taɪm/

10./hɪ dʌzənt iːt læm ənd biːf/

Exercise 49 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Shut up! I want to sleep now. Do you like the song? Your sister is pretty. Their house is beautiful.

6. I am a college student. 7. She is my good friend. 8. I love you very much. 9. He is waiting for you at the library. 10. She doesn’t want to see you anymore.

Exercise 52 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

‘chocolates ‘famous gui‘tar e‘scape ‘supermarket

6. ‘ambulance 7. intro‘duction 8. ma‘rine 9. appre‘hension 10. so‘phisticated

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Exercise 53

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Nouns ‘conduct ‘contrast ‘increase ‘insult ‘present

Verbs con‘duct con‘trast in‘crease in‘sult pre‘sent

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Nouns ‘subject ‘permit ‘object ‘desert ‘record

Verbs sub‘ject per‘mit ob‘ject de‘sert re‘cord

Chapter 7 Speaking Exercise 1 Column A

Column B

1. To demand 2. To reassure 3. To plead 4. To express surprise

   

   

5. To criticise 6. To disapprove

 

 

7. To express irritation





8. To recommend





9. To consent





10. To console





You never bothered to return my call. Really? When did she get married? I don’t think that is a good idea. Don’t worry. We’ll help you to convince your father. I want my refund now! It’s alright. Perhaps we’ll win the match next year. That’s fine with me. You can join your friends for camping this weekend. I personally think that your shirt is too big for you. You look weird in it. Please help me. I can’t do this without you. Why not go to Genting Highlands? There are many interesting things we can do there.

Exercise 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

To greet To say goodbye/bid farewell To describe To negotiate/bargain To express dissatisfaction

6. To express regret 7. To direct/give directions 8. To remind 9. To accuse/blame 10. To offer

Exercise 3 to Exercise 8 Students’ own responses

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Chapter 8 Journal Writing Students’ own responses

Chapter 9 Essay Writing Students’ own responses

Chapter 10 Specimen Examination Paper Section A: Essay Writing 1. Suggested ways to overcome stress: a) Listening to music b) Taking up sports c) Doing yoga d) Watching comedies e) Preparing a ‘to do’ list and prioritising tasks 2. Students’ own responses Section B: Grammar Part I: Word Formation 1. defective 2. relieve 3. boredom 4. dissatisfied 5. courageously

6. differentiate 7. education 8. cautiously 9. deafening 10. treatment

Part II: Error Identification

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Error on has were borrowed managed

Correction in have was lent manage

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

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Error a hardly requires passed exciting

Correction the hard required pass excited

Part III: Cloze Passage 1. us 2. who 3. of 4. is 5. to

6. a 7. such 8. have 9. sleep 10. and

Section C: Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary 1. Earlier studies on laughter stated that it could relieve pain, facilitate digestion and improve memory. 2. He is Malaysia's first laughter therapist who is now a Melbourne-based naturopathic doctor specialising in stress management using laughter. 3. We often fail to realise that when our life is faced with challenges, we need to laugh more. 4. Endorphins are the happy brain chemicals that give us a sense of wellbeing. 5. Endorphins are released in our body when the hypothalamus is stimulated by our emotions which travelled up our spinal cord when they are activated by the motion of laughter. 6. According to Dr Robert Holden, our body is stimulated and exercised during laughter, and after laughter, the body relaxes and calms itself. 7. If someone is stressed out in the office, he or she could pretend talking to a friend on the phone and laugh out loud, put on a smile and try to laugh without making a sound, or laugh with a hum. 8. We should start our day with laughter rather than with complaints because when we start with good energy, we will be able to meet the challenges of the day better and positively. 9. Those who have just undergone surgery and those with heart disease and exercise-induced asthma should be careful when they participate in laughing exercises. 10. a) reduce, alleviate b) challenges c) depend d) differentiate e) producing, making

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