PRACTICA No1

 

^RKGTLGK Fi. ;. DOTORELFKGL×F DO ^KRËEOTRIW GLFÌTLGIW OF ^RIGOWIW DO BLIGKTKHLWLW OFPLEËTLGK

Wtoakfy Ekrtåfoz Rlbif (LD0 ;´>>?.13?.?;>3.=?.?4>.4>3), Holdys Tktlkfk Rieori Rolfi  (LD0 ;´;=>?.11>.7?3), Akrhys Qlhhkfuovk  Fkrkf`i (LD0 ;´>>3.1;7..?%, ;.?% y 2.>%) k ufk toeporkturk al`k (1>¾g), eodlkfto tros hlfokhlzkglifos (Hlfowokvor-Burj, Okdlo-Miastoo y Hkfceulr). Oh prigosi do rokggl÷f so mlzi of uf Orhofeoyor (aufglifkfdi osto giei oh blrrokgtir), lfeorsi of uf bkûi toreistëtlgi y so ibtuvlorif vkhiros do Qekx (4,>73;4;3>4) y Je do (>,>>313>?1,;). ^ir ðhtlei, tofoeis quo his vkhiros do Qekx y Je pkrk Hkfceulr auorif do (>,274>=27,>>2?2=>;7)

 

Hks ofzl ofzleks eks tltlof ofof of tkeb tkeblì lìff fueor fueorisk iskss kphl kphlgk gkgl glifo ifoss of hk lf lfdu dust strl rlkk do hi hiss kh khleo leoft ftis is lfghuyofdi hks bobldks, y hks rokgglifos so puodof hhovkr k gkbi k bk`ks toeporkturks i proslifos, lfghusi uskfdi roslduis kcrilfdustrlkhos giei substrkti pkrk bkgtorlks y mifcis. Wocðf oh sustrkti so usk ufk ofzlek ospogåalgk, pir o`oephi, hks pritoksks y hlpksks so utlhlz utl hlzkf kf pkr pkrkk doc docrkd rkdkgl kgl÷f ÷f do pri pritoå toåfks fks y crk crksks, sks, ros rospog pogtlv tlvkeo keofto fto.. (Ekhkc (Ekhkc÷f ÷f Elgëf Elgëf ot kh. kh.,, 2>;3)  Kufquo hk bligktëhlsls ofzleëtlgk kyudk k kgohorkr oh prigosi do rokggl÷f, oxlsto uf akgtir lepirtkfto quo os gkpkz do lfahulr of ohhi0 Hk gifgoftrkgl÷f do sustrkti: Of gukhqulor rokggl÷f gktkhlzkdk, oh sustrkti dobo uflrso prleori gif hk ofzlek pkrk airekr oh giepho`i ofzlek-sustrkt ofzlek -sustrkti. i. Gukfdi hks gifgoftrkgl gifgoftrkglifos ifos ofzleëtlgks ofzleëtlgks sif eës khtks, mky eës eihìguhks dlspiflbhos pkrk uflrso kh sustrkti y gktkhlzkr hk rokggl÷f. Wl hk gifgoftrkgl÷f do hk ofzlek so ekftlofo gifstkfto, kdlglifkr eës sustrkti mkrë quo kueofto hk vohigldkd do hk rokggl÷f, pori sl hk gifgoftrkgl÷f do oso sustrkti os khtk, puodo skturkr tidks hks eihìguhks do hk ofzlek, hicrkfdi quo hk vohigldkd do rokggl÷f khgkfgo su eëxlei y hk kdlgl÷f do eës sustrkti fi soculrë kueoftkfdi hk vohigldkd. (Wkfgmoz, 2>2>). ^ir hi tkfti, hk ekyiråk do hks igkslifos, so mkgo fogoskrli quo hk gifgoftrkgl÷f do ofzlek-sustrkti os gifstkfto (Tkeblìf hhkekdi ostkdi ostkglifkrli) Hk glfìtlgk do Elgmkohls-Eoftof dosgrlbo hk vohigldkd do rokggl÷f do eugmks rokgglifos ofzleëtlgks. Osto eidohi s÷hi os vëhldi gukfdi hk gifgoftrkgl÷f doh sustrkti os ekyir quo hk gifgoftrkgl÷f do hk ofzlek, y pkrk gifdlglifos do ostkdi ostkglifkrli. ^krk dotorelfkr hk vohigldkd eëxlek do ufk rokggl÷f ofzleëtlgk, hk gifgoftrkgl÷f do sustrkti ZWU so kueoftk mkstk khgkfzkr ufk vohigldkd gifstkfto do airekgl÷f do pridugti. (vor (vor crëalgi ;) ;) Kufquo hk gifgoftrkgl÷f do sustrkti k Qekx fi puodo sor eodldk oxkgtkeofto, hks ofzleks puodof sor gkrkgtorlzkdks pir hk gifgoftrkgl÷f do sustrkti k hk gukh hk vohigldkd do rokggl÷f os hk eltkd do hk vohigldkd eëxlek. Ostk gifgoftrkgl÷f do sustrkti so gifigo giei gifstkfto do Elgmkohls - Eoftof (Je). (Gilhhi-Qkhori, 2>;=) Oh ib`otlvi do ostk prëgtlgk os dotorelfkr his pkrëeotris glfìtlgis do Elgmkohls-Eoftof k pkrtlr do gurvks do glfìtlgk ofzleëtlgk bk`i dlaoroftos gifgoftrkglifos do sustrkti ZWU oephokfdi vkrlkdks tìgflgks do hlfokhlzkgl÷f. OG_KGLIFOW Eidohi do Elgmkohls-Eoftof0 Crëalgi ;. Qohigldkd do 

rokggl÷f y gifstkfto do  Elgmkohls‗Eoftof (Gilhhi Qkhori, 2>;=). 2>;=).

  D÷fdo0 ¿0 vohigldkd ¿0 vohigldkd do hk rokggl÷f doh sustrkti.

 

W0 gifstkfto W0 gifstkfto do skturkgl÷f. ¿ekx0 vohigldkd ¿ekx0  vohigldkd eëxlek je0 gifstkfto je0  gifstkfto do Elgmkohls Eoftof. EOTIDIHICÅK

 

Lekcof ;. Eotidihicåk oephokdk pkrk hk rokhlzkgl÷f do hk prëgtlgk.

ROW_HTKDIW

 

Of hks slculoftos tkbhks so euostrkf his vkhiros ibtofldis of hk prëgtlgk do hkbirktirli, pkrk gifgoftrkglifos do sustrkti do >,?% p/v, ;,?% p/v y 2,>% p/v. ZWU 5 >.?% p/v Trktkelof ti 7 elf

 Kbs >,7? 4

^rieodli  Kbs >,74=

ZChuU c/H

>,4427

;,2=3;=7 4;

>,?;=

;,4=><

>,??3

;,?3< 33

>,7? 3 >,77 4 1 elf

>,4? 3 >,47 4 >,47 1

< elf

>,?; 7 >,?2 2 >,?2 >

;2 elf

>,?1 7 >,?? ? >,?? 7

;? elf

>,1> ; >,1> ; >,?< 7

Tkbhk ;. Gifgoftrkgl÷f do sustrkti kh >,?% .

ZWU 5 ;.?% p/v

 

Trktkeloft i

 Kbs

^rieodli  Kbs

ZChuU c/H

7 elf

>,41?

>,417

;,77233 ;

>,1>2

;,1,34<

2,>13=22? 4

>,==1

2,4;3?? 3

>, 2

>,4?< >,414 1 elf

>,?,1;2 >,1>2

< elf

>,317 >,34= ? >,374

;2 elf

>,=,=,=37

;? elf

>,,2

Tkbhk 2 . Gifgoftrkgl÷f do sustrkti kh ;,?%.

ZWU 5 2.>% p/v Trktkelof ti

 Kbs

^rieodli  Kbs

ZChuU c/H

7 elf

>,32

>,32>

;,,33?

2,;7?7 ;;

>,=27

2,2?3331 14

>,32 2 >,3; 3 1 elf

>,33 < >,33 ; >,33 ?

< elf

>,=2 ? >,=; =

 

>,=2 1 ;2 elf

>,=4

>,=24

2,21>721 71

>,=47

2,7>3,=; ? >,=; 3 ;? elf

>,=4 2 >,=? 2 >,=7 4

Tkbhk 7. Gifgoftrkgl÷f do sustrkti kh 2,>%.  

CRKALGKEIW HK AIREKGL×F DO ^RID_GTI Z^U OF A_FGL×F DOH TLOE^I (T) \ GKHG_HKR HKW QOHIGLDKDOW LFLGLKHOW ^KRK GKDK GIFGOFTRKGL×F DO W_WTRKTI.

TKB_HKGL×F ^KRK >,?% ^/Q OF TLOE^I \ CH_GIWK0 ZWU5>,?% p/v Tloepi (elf) ZChuU c/H 7 ;,>43?>32242>?77347 x + ;.> 4.>>> a(x) 5 ;1.14=2?>; 7.>>> 2.?>> 2.>>> ;.?>> ;.>>> >.?>> >.>>> > .>>> >.> ; > > .>2 > > .>7 > > .> 4> >.>? > >. >1 > > .>3> > .> => >.>< > >.; > >

ZU Crkalgk #4. Qohigldkd

 KFËHLWLW DO ROW_HTKDIW DOTORELFKEIW HIW ^KRËEOTRIW DO ELGMKOHLW-EOFTOF _TLHLPKFDI HIW EÌTIDIW DO HLFOKHLPKGL×F DO HLFOSOKQOR-B_RJ, OKDLO-MIAWTOO \ HKFCE_LR.

Wustrkti

KKE

HlfowokvorBurj  ;/ZWU ;/ Q

Okdlo-Misatoo Q

Q/W

Hkfceulr W/Q

W

 

(¿E) >,>;; >,>27 >,>74 >,>41

(¿E/elf) 2,4;? 7,>,4;4 >,727 >,7;= >,7;

2,4;? 7,>,;44,>>342?2=3 >,>;>,>;42?2=34

>,>;; >,>27 >,>74 >,>41

>,>?3 >,>1< >,>=> >,>>,,22=332 >,21; >,2??

77,,41=341 7,=7; 7,,7,1>2=3=;2373?37 43,12>1=?==2

>>,,>>;;1=432

;>

2>

7>

4>

?>

1>

3>

=>



Crkalgk #?. Hlfokgl÷f Hlfokwkvor-Burj, ;/Q vs ;/W 

;>>

 

OKDLO-MIWATO 2?> 2>> a(x) 5 − ;;>.>=3 R² 5 >.==222

;?> ;>> ?> >

2.2>> 2.4>> 2.1>> 2.=>> 7.>>> 7.2>> 7.4>> 7.1>> 7.=>> 4.>>> 4.2>> Crkalgk #1. Hlfokgl÷f Hlfokgl÷f Okdlo-Misato Okdlo-Misato Q vs Q/W 

HKFCE_LR  >.;>> >.> >.>=> >.>3> >.>1> >.>?> >.>4> >.>7> >.>2> >.>;> >.>>>

a(x) 5 4.23;1>;=?7>7 x − >.>;>=>=33. .> >?

> .>;

> .>; ?

>.>2

> .>2?

Crkalgk #3. Hlfokgl÷f Hkfceur W/Q vs W 

Of hk tkbhk #= so euostrkf his rosuhtkdis of hks hlfokglifos kftos eofglifkdks k ufk toeporkturk do 1>°G. EIDOHI

Toeporkturk 1>°G

HlfowokvorBurj 

 Qekx

4,>73;4;3>4

J e

>,>>313>?1<

Okdlo-Misatoo

 Qekx

4?3,?3

J e

;;>,;

 Qekx

>,274>=27,>>2?2=><

Tkbhk # (;.>-; -;;. ;.?). ?). ( [_LF [_LFTO TORI RI EIRO EIROFI FI,, EIFT EIFTI\ I\KK GKE^ GKE^_P _PKF KFI, I, & C_ C_TL TLÌR ÌRRO ROPP WËFGMOP, 2>>2;). Kh uskr osto eìtidi gif his dktis ibtofldis, ibtofldis, so ibsorv÷ quo gif uf R² do >,>;2;). Gif hi kftorlir, so ibsorvk quo oh R² ibtofldi of osto eìtidi (>,==27) (> ,==27) os eofir quo oh ibtofldi pir oh e eìtidi ìtidi kftorlir (>,2>).  Kmirk blof, gukfdi hks gifgoftrkglifos do ofzlek sif ekyiros, mky eës eihìguhks dlspiflbhos uflrso tkeblìf kh sustrkti y gktkhlzkr hk rokggl÷f y k eodldk vk kueoftkfdi, hk vohigldkd dopkrk hk rokggl÷f kueoftk do ekfork pripirglifkh. Wlf oebkrci, osti os kså  sihi mkstk glortk gifgoftrkgl÷f, puos of uf eieofti dotorelfkdi hk vohigldkd so mkgo gifstkfto (Brlgoûi, 2>;=) pirquo fi mkbråk oh sualglofto sustrkti pkrk skturkr tidk hk ofzlek. Osti so puodo ibsorvkr of hk lfvostlckgl÷f rokhlzkdk of 2>;< difdo so ostudl÷ oh oaogti do hk rohkgl÷f ofzlek/sustrkti of hks glfìtlgks do mldr÷hlsls do pritoåfk do måckdi do gordi y oh kueofti do hk gifgoftrkgl÷f do ofzlek prosoft÷ uf oaogti sibro oh crkdi do mldr÷hlsls, of difdo,, ufk ekyir gifgoftrkgl difdo gifgoftrkgl÷f ÷f do ofzlek, lfgroeoft÷ lfgroeoft÷ oh pirgoftk`o pirgoftk`o do mldr÷hlsls. mldr÷hlsls. (Ckhvëf Rieori ot kh., 2>;;=). Kphlgkgl÷f doh eidohi glfìtlgi do Elgmkohls Eoftof of hk aoreoftkgl÷f do zuei do plûk (Kfkfksdoh gieisus). Tosls , ;>?. alho0///G0/_sors/M^/Dosjtip/Kphlgkgl÷f eidohi glfìtlgi do Elgmkohls Eoftof of hk aoreoftkgl÷f do zuei do plûk (Kfkfks gieisus)..pda  doh Eifto-Ekrtlfoz, K., Gutlûi Kvlhk, B., Cifzkhoz Bkgorli, @., Cifzkhoz Kbrkdohi, D., Alcuorik Ospå, Q., & Gki Qkzquoz, R. (2>;7). Kphlgkgl÷f do ofzleks of bligktëhlsls. ^orspogtlvks do hk utlhlzkgl÷f do fkfikrrochis giei bligktkhlzkdiros / Kpphlgktlif ia ofzyeos if bligktkhysls. ^orspogtlvos ia tmo uso ia fkfikrrkys ks bligktkhysts. Rovlstk Gubkfk do Glofglks Blih÷clgks , 2 (2), (2), 3-27‗27. Ckhvëf Rieori, K. R., Ekros Ekros, O., Hoif Ckhvkf, A., Izufk, G., & Cieoz Wkhkzkr, @. K. (2>;;3). Ofzleks0 khcufks kphlgkglifos do ‘elgrieëqulfks― giei lepuhsirks do togfihicåk vordo. Keìrlgk vordo.  Keìrlgk Woelhhoris Airekgl÷f Lfvostlcktlvk , 7 (;), (;), =?‗. Wkfgmoz, ^. (2>2>). Akgtiros quo kaogtkf hk kgtlvldkd ofzlektlgk. Bli-Ircëflgk , 4‗?. mttps0//www.bhicdoblihiclk.gie/akgtiros-quo-kaogtkf-hk-kgtlvldkd-ofzlektlgk.mteh  QKP[_OP CIFPKHOW, R. R. (2>>