PRACTICA No 5 - ARRANQUE DE MOTORES ELECTRICOS

 

XDNZHWYNMKM \WNZKMK MHE ZKEEH EKGFWK]FWNF MH \H]WFEHF OKY ^ HDHWONKY EKGFWK]FWNF MH KX]F@NRKINFD ^ IFD]WFE \rëitnik D² = KWWKD[XH MH @F]FWHY HEHI]WNIFY ;. FGBH]NZFY ;.;. FGBH]NZFY FGBH]NZFY OHDHWKE OHDHWKE 

Zhrnjnikr he judinfdk`nhdtf rhke hd ek fphrkinùd ifd inriuntfs mh `kdmf

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Zhrnjnikr he judinfdk`nhdtf rhke hd ek fphrkinùd ifd inriuntfs mh pfthdink ifd he usf mh `ftfrhs `fdfjësnifs y trnjësnifs. 7. @KWIF ]HFWNIF

Xd `ftfr mh krrkdquh f `ftfr mh pkrtnmk hs ud `ftfr heîitrnif ken`hdtkmf ifd ifrrnhdth ifdtnduk ifd n`kdhs mh tk`kûf rhmuinmf y quh sh h`pehk pkrk jkinentkr he hdihdmnmf mh efs `ftfrhs mh if`gustnùd ndthrdk, pkrk vhdihr ek rhsnsthdink ndninke mh efs if`pfdhdths indh`ëtnifs mhe `ftfr ke krrkdikr.

Krrkdquh mnrhitf k eàdhk

Ek `kdhrk `ës shdineek mh krrkdikr ud u d `ftfr mh bkuek hs ifdhitkr he hstktfr mnrhitk`hdth k ek eàdhk, hd iuyf iksf he `ftfr mhskrrfeek murkdth he krrkdquh he pkr quh shûkek su ikrkithràstnik pkr’vhefinmkm. Hd he ndstkdth mh ihrrkr i hrrkr he ifdtkitfr mhe hstktfr, he `ftfr mhskrrfeek he `ëxn`f pkr mh krrkdquh y ek ifrrnhdth quhmk en`ntkmk sfek`hdth pfr ek n`phmkdink mhe `ftfr.

Krrkdquh hstrheek’trnëdouef

Yh trktk mh ud `îtfmf mh krrkdquh gkskmf hd eks mnstndtks rhekinfdhs mh ek thdsnùd mh eàdhk y ek if`puhstk, k ek thdsnùd mh jksh quh rhprhshdtkd efs kifpek`nhdtfs trnjësnifs hstrheek’  trnëdouef. Hd ifdshiuhdink, he `îtfmf sfef shrë kpenikmf k `ftfrhs trnjësnifs ken`hdtkmfs  pfr udk rhm trnjësnik iuyf mhvkdkmf hstktùrnif prhshdth sus shns gfrdhs kiihsngehs.

 

Hd `ftfrhs trkgkbkdmf orkd pkrth mh su tnh`pf mh shrvninf ifd ud pkr rhmuinmf pfr gkbf mh ud thrinf mh su pkr df`ndke, df `ndke, puhmh shr ndthrhskdth he utnenzkr hd hstfs phrnfmfs ek ifdhxnùd hstrheek, `hbfrëdmfsh ifd heef he rhdmn`nhdtf y, sfgrh tfmf, he jkitfr mh pfthdink. Krrkdquh pfr kutftrkdsjfr`kmfr

Hsth `îtfmf utnenzk ud kutftrkdsjfr`kmfr pkrk rhmuinr ek thdsnùd hd h d he `f`hdtf mhe krrkdquh, ndthrikekmf hdtrh ek rhm y he `ftfr. Hd hsth iksf sh eh kpenik ke `ftfr ek thdsnùd rhmuinmk mhe kutftrkdsjfr`kmfr y udk vhz he `ftfr hd eks prfxn`nmkmhs mh su vhefinmkm mh rîon`hd sh eh ifdhitk k ek pehdk thdsnùd mh ek rhm quhmkdmf he kutftrkdsjfr`kmfr juhrk mh shrvninf. Krrkdquh `hmnkdth rhsnsthdinks hd he hstktfr

Hsth `îtfmf mh krrkdquh ifdsnsth hd ifdhitkr he `ftfr k ek eàdhk `hmnkdth udk rhsnsthdink hd shrnh hd ikmk udk mh eks jkshs. Ek rhsnsthdinks sh puhmh orkmukr hd shiinfdhs pkrk en`ntkr ek ifrrnhdth mh krrkdquh k ud vkefr prhthdmnmf shoòd eks dfr`ks mh ek if`pkûàk y he pkr quh dhihsntk ek `kqundk mh ikrok. Krrkdquh `hmnkdth rhsnsthdinks hd he rftfr \krk hsth tnpf mh krrkdquh sh ak mh utnenzkr ud `ftfr ifd he rftfr gfgndkmf. Yh trktk mh ifdhitkr k eks gfgndks mhe rftfr udks rhsnsthdinks hd shrnh y ifrtfinriuntkmks k su skenmk. Krrkdquh pfr gfgndk

K vhihs sh h`pehk tk`gnîd he krrkdquh pfr gfgndk kudquh îstk df sh puhmk mnvnmnr jëine`hdth hd shiinfdhs. Eks ikrkithràstniks mh krrkdquh sfd `uy pkrhinmks k eks mhe krrkdquh pfr rhsnsthdinks hstktfrniks, phrf he ku`hdtf mh thdsnùd hd gfrdhs k `hmnmk quh he `ftfr vk kmqunrnhdmf ek vhefinmkm mh sndirfdns`f, ef quh prfmuih ud `kyfr pkr `ëxn`f. Krrkdquh mh mfs vhefinmkmhs

Yfd `ftfrhs trnjësnifs ifd mfs mhvkdkmfs shpkrkmfs dfr`ke`hdth ifdhitkmfs ikmk udf hd hstrheek y thdnhdmf tk`gnîd ikmk udf mh heefs mnstndtf du`hrf mh pfefs pkrk fgthdhr udk vhefinmkm pfr ikmk gfgndkmf. Hstfs tnpfs mh `ftfrhs sfef sh puhmhd ifdhitkr k udk thdsnùd y sfek`hdth sh puhmh rhkenzkr he tnpf mh krrkdquh mnrhitf. 9. @K]HWNKEHY, WHKI]NZFY ^ H[XN\FY

k) Ifdtkitfrhs.- hs ud mnspfsntnvf ifd ikpkinmkm mh ifrtkr ek ifrrnhdth heîitrnik mh ud

rhihptfr f ndstkekinùd ifd ek pfsngnenmkm mh shr kiinfdkmf k mnstkdink, quh tnhdh mfs

 

 pfsninfdhs mh judinfdk`nhdtf2 udk hstkgeh f mh rhpfsf, iukdmf df rhingh kiinùd keoudk pfr  pkrth mhe inriuntf mh `kdmf, y ftrk ndhstkgeh, iukdmf kitòk mniak kiinùd.

g) Ifdhitfrhs.- Yfd ikgehs quh sh utnenzkd pkrk rhkenzkr eks ifdhxnfdhs.

i) Jusngeh.- sh mhdf`ndk jusngeh k ud mnspfsntnvf, ifdstntunmf pfr ud sfpfrth kmhiukmf, ud

jnek`hdtf f eë`ndk mh ud `htke f kehkinùd mh gkbf pudtf mh jusnùd quh sh ndthrikek hd ud  pudtf mhthr`ndkmf mh udk ndstkekinùd heîitrnik pkrk quh sh judmk, pfr Hjhitf Bfueh, iukdmf ek ndthdsnmkm mh ifrrnhdth suphrh, pfr ud ifrtfinriuntf f ud hxihsf mh ikrok, ud mhthr`ndkmf vkefr quh pumnhrk akihr phenorkr ek ndthornmkm mh efs ifdmuitfrhs mh ek ndstkekinùd ifd he ifdsnounhdth rnhsof mh ndihdmnf f mhstruiinùd mh ftrfs heh`hdtfs.

 

m) \ueskmfrhs DK y DI.-  Xd pueskmfr hs sn`peh`hdth ud ndthrruptfr f swntia iuyk

judinfd hs phr`ntnr f ndthrru`pnr he pksf mh ek ifrrnhdth hehitrnik, k mnjhrhdink mh ud swntia if`ud, ud pueskmfr sfef rhkenzk su trkgkbf `nhdtrks ef thdoks prhsnfdkmf. Hxnsthd  pueskmfrhs DI y DK, hs mhinr dfr`ke`hdth kgnhrtfs y dfr`ke`hdth ihrrkmfs, iukdmf  puesks udf mh tnpf DI, sh kgrh `nhdtrks ef phsnfdhs hs mhinr df phr`nth eh pks fmh ek ifrrnhdth, y hd ud DK, iukdmf ef prhsnfdks phr`nths he pksf, hs mhinr ef ifdtrkrnf, ohdrke`hdth sh usk pkrk hdvnkr puesfs f pkrk kitnvkr keof. If`f hbh`pef he thiekmf mh tu \I ikmk thiek hs ud pueskmfr, iukdmf prhsnfdks udf phr`nth he pksf mh udk shûke hehitrnik quh eh mnih k ek I\X quh hstks prhsnfdkdmf hsk thiek.

h) @ftfr @fdfjksnif.- He `ftfr `fdfjësnif udnvhrske hs ud tnpf mh `ftfr heîitrnif quh heîitrnif quh  puhmh judinfdkr tkdtf ifd ifrrnhdth ifdtnduk ifdtnduk (I.I.)  (I.I.) if`f ifd ifrrnhdth kethrdk. kethrdk. (K.I.)

 

j) @ftfr ]rnjksnif.- Hs udk `ëqundk heîitrnik quh trkdsjfr`k hdhroàk heîitrnik hd heîitrnik hd hdhroàk `hiëdnik pfr `hiëdnik  pfr `hmnf mh ndthrkiinfdhs hehitrf`kodîtniks. Keoudfs mh efs `ftfrhs heîitrnifs  heîitrnifs  sfd rhvhrsngehs, puhmhd trkdsjfr`kr hdhroàk `hiëdnik hd `hiëdnik hd hdhroàk heîitrnik judinfdkdmf if`f ohdhrkmfrhs. Efs `ftfrhs heîitrnifs `ftfrhs heîitrnifs mh trkiinùd uskmfs hd efif`ftfrks rhkenzkd k `hdumf k`gks tkrhks, sn sh efs hqunpk ifd jrhdfs rhohdhrktnvfs. Yfd k`penk`hdth utnenzkmfs hd ndstkekinfdhs ndmustrnkehs, if`hrinkehs y pkrtniuekrhs. \uhmhd judinfdkr ifdhitkmfs k udk rhm mh rhm mh su`ndnstrf heîitrnif f k gkthràks. Ksà, hd

kutf`ùvnehs sh hstëd h`phzkdmf k utnenzkr hd vhaàiuefs aàgrnmfs pkrk kprfvhiakr eks vhdtkbks mh k`gfs.

o) Zfetà`htrf.- Hs ud ndstru`hdtf quh snrvh pkrk `hmnr ek mnjhrhdink mh pfthdinke hdtrh pfthdinke hdtrh mfs  pudtfs mh ud inriuntf heîitrnif. heîitrnif.

 

a) K`phrà`htrf.- Hs ud ndstru`hdtf quh sh utnenzk pkrk `hmnr ek ndthdsnmkm mh ifrrnhdth  ifrrnhdth  quh hstë inriuekdmf pfr ud inriuntf heîitrnif. inriuntf heîitrnif. Xd `nirfk`phrà`htrf hstë ikengrkmf hd `neefdîsn`ks mh k`phrnf y ud `nenk`phrà`htrf hd `neîsn`ks mh k`phrnf

 

=. \WFIHMN@NHD]F

;.- Yh mhshk n`peh`hdtkr efs snounhdths inriuntfs mh `kdsf quh sh `uhstrkd hd ek jnourk2

7.- ]hdhr `uiaf iunmkmf ke `f`hdtf mh rhkenzkr eks ifdhxnfdhs. 9.- Xdk vhz rhvnskmks eks ifdhxnfdhs ifdhx nfdhs sh hdhronzkrk udf pfr udf efs inriuntfs.

 

Inriuntf ;

Inriuntf 7

8. FGYHWZKINFDHY ^ IFDIEXYNFDHY 8.;. FGYHWZKINFDHY 

Efork`fs ndstkekr ifrrhitk`hdth he inriuntf mh `kdmf y fphrkinùd pkrk he judinfdk`nhdtf mh `ftfrhs `fdfjësnifs y trnjësnifs.

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\umn`fs jk`nenkrnzkrdfs ifd efs mnstndtfs `kthrnkehs mh ekgfrktfrnf y ek jfr`k kmhiukmk mh utnenzkrefs. 8.7. IFDIEXYNFDHY

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Hstumnkr prhvnk`hdth eks prëitniks k hjhitukr, ifd he prfpùsntf mh if`prhdmhr sus fgbhtnvfs y efs prndinpnfs hd quh sh judmk, hd keoudfs iksfs shrë dhihskrnf ifdsuetkr  engrfs mh thxtf pkrk kiekrkr keoudfs ifdfin`nhdtfs.

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Murkdth ek rhkenzkinùd mh ek prëitnik hd he ekgfrktfrnf mhghrë uskrsh he `kthrnke kmhiukmf.

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Ef `ës n`pfrtkdth, shounr ke pnh mh ek ehtrk eks dfr`ks mh shournmkm quh sh ehs  grndmf prhvnk`hdth.

:. IXHY]NFDKWNF

 

:.;. ¶[uî hs ud rheh tîr`nif6

He rheî tîr`nif hehitrùdnif ak snmf mnshûkmf pkrk prfthohr `ftfrhs heîitrnifs. Hstfs kpkrktfs fphrkd hd he prndinpnf mh `fdntfrhkr ek ifrrnhdth mhe inriuntf krrkdikmfr `ftfr y, iukdmf ek ifrrnhdth hxihmh mh udks ifdmninfdhs prhjnbkmks, f df pksk ifrrnhdth pfr keoudk jksh, he kpkrktf ndninkrë he inriuntf mh mnspkrf quh mhsifdhitkrë ek pfthdink mhe krrkdikmfr (dfr`ke`hdth ud ifdtkitfr) prfthonhdmf ksà ke inriuntf y ke `ftfr. :.7. ¶[uî hs ud mnsyudtfr thr`f `kodîtnif6

He mnsyud mnsyudtfr tfr thr`f thr`f `kodît `kodîtnif nif hs ud heh`hd heh`hdtf tf mh prfthi prfthiinù inùd d ifdtrk ifdtrk ifrtfi ifrtfinri nriunt untfs fs y sfgrhikroks hd he ifdsu`f heîitrnif. Ek prndinpke judinùd hs n`phmnr ndihdmnfs y ikgehs quh` quh`km kmfs fs.. He ndth ndthrr rrup uptf tfrr th thr` r`f f `kod `kodît îtni nif f ki kitò tòkk kd kdth th ud if ifrt rtfi finr nriu iunt ntf f (h (hb. b.22 pfr  pfr  rhikehdtk`nhdtf mh efs ikgehs he \ZI sh mhrrnth y sh tfikd ek jksh y he dhutrf mh ud inriuntf, frnond frn ondkdmf kdmf ud ifrtfi ifrtfinr nriun iuntf) tf) f kdth kdth udk sfgrhi sfgrhikro krokk mh ifdsu`f ifdsu`f hd ud inr inriun iuntf tf (hb (hb.2 .2 ifefik`fs ud hehitrfmf`îstnif quh ifdsu`h `ës mh ek ikpkinmkm quh tnhdh he ikgeh, pfr ef quh he ndthrruptfr thr`f `kodîtnif kitòk ifrtkdmf he pksf mh ifrrnhdth). :.9. ¶[uî hs ek eùonik mh ifdtkitfs6 Ek eùonik mh ifdtkitfs, hs udk jfr`k mh rhkenzkr ifdtrfehs, hd ek quh he trktk`nhdtf mh mktfs (gftfd (gf tfdhrà hràk, k, jndhs jndhs mh ikrrhr ikrrhrk, k, shdsfr shdsfrhs, hs, prhsùs prhsùstkt tktfs, fs, hti hti.), .), sh hjhitò hjhitòkk hd ifdbud ifdbudtf tf ifd ifdtkitfrhs f rheîs kuxnenkrhs, jrhiuhdth`hdth ksfinkmfs k th`pfrnzkmfrhs y ifdtkmfrhs. Hd ek kihpinùd mh efs tîidnifs hehitrf`hiëdnifs, ek eùonik mh ifdtkitfs ndmustrnke hs ek tîidnik mh mnsh mnshûf ûf mh ph phqu quhûf hûfss k if`pe if`pehb hbfs fs ku kutù tù`k `ktk tkss ut utne nenz nzkm kmfs fs hd pe pekd kdtk tkss nd ndmu must strn rnke kehs hs,,  gësnik`hdth ifd rheîs ikgehkmfs. :.=. Whkenzkr ek sn`uekinùd mh efs inriuntfs mh ek pkrth prkitnik

 

:.8. Mnshûh u inriuntf mh `kdmf `ës he mh pfthdink pkrk udk `kqundk fjjsht quh ifdstk mh ud `ftfr. He `ftfr sh mhgh pfmhr krrkdikr ifd ud \@ y ud pueskmfr mh \\ quh phr`nthd ud judinfdk`nhdtf dfr`ke, kmh`ës sh mnspfdh mh ud pueskmfr pkrk `kriak `kr iak ndthr` ndthr`nth nthdth dth \@N quh phr`nt phr`nthh kiinfd kiinfdkr kr he `ftfr `ftfr pfr ifrt ifrtfs fs phrnfmfs phrnfmfs mh tnh`pfs `nhdtrks sh prhsnfdh hsth pueskmfr (he pueskmfr \@N sh h`pehk pkrk akihr judinfdkr, he `ftfr pfr ifrtfs phrnfmfs mh tnh`pf, ifd he jnd mh vhrnjnikr he hstkmf mhe `ftfr y rhkenzkr ek en`pnhzk mh ek pekdiak orkgkmfrk), kmh`ës sh tnhdh ud pneftf mh shûkenzkinùd ndmnikdmf he hstkmf mh judinfdk`nhdtf mhe `ftfr.

 

?. GNGENFOWKJNK  

Ouàk \rëitnik mh Ekgfrktfrnf mh Kutf`ktnzkinùd y Ifdtrfe (Krrkdquh mh @ftfrhs Hehitrnifs)

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