Practica N°4 - Fico PDF

 

W@E\GRSEDHD @HCEK@HI ^GDRK RWEZ OHIIK LHCWITHD DG E@OG@EGRÁH XWÁAECH G E@DWSTREHS HIEAG@THREHS GSCWGIH ^RKLGSEK@HI DG E@DWSTREHS HIEAG@THREHS

^ r èct ctee ch @ º>4 \escksedhd dg iáquedks

CWRSK:  LESECKXWÁAECH

DKCG@TG: ZWIKGTH CKRK@HDK E\H@

CECIK: E\

E@TGORH@TGS: ○  BHRBKZH HOWE@HOH JMK@  ○  BGR@EIIH @GERH GR@GSTK  ○  CHRDG@HS \GOH IGSIEG  ○  GS^E@K TGIIK SKLEH  ○  OK@ZHIGS RKJHS RHUSH SGIG@G   ○  IEZH DEHZ AGIESSH CKRHUAH 

Ihabhygqug, kctubrg dg 2>8=

 

E@DECG

E. 

E@TRKDWCCEÓ@

EE. 

KBJGTE\KS

EEE. 

LWADHAG@TK K AHRCK TGKRECK

E\. 

AHTGREHIGS

\. 

AGTKDKS

\E. 

RGSWITHDKS

\EE.  CK@CIWSEK@GS \EEE.  H@HIESES DG IKS RGSWITHDKS E]. 

RGCKAG@DHCEK@GS

]. 

CWGSTEK@HREK

]E. 

RGLGRG@CEHS BEBIEKORÈLECHS

 

  E. 

E@TRKDWCCEÓ@  Ih \escksedhd gs u` phrèagtrk dg iks liuedks qug teg`g eapkrth`ceh g` sus devgrshs

hpiechcek`gs e`dustrehigs, phrtecuihrag`tg g` gi dgsgapgøk dg iks iubrech`tgs ushdks g` aèque`hs y agch`esaks. Ih vescksedhd gs u`h prkpegdhd lásech auy eapkrth`tg qug chrhctgrezh ih rgsestg`ceh phrh cegrtks iáquedks, ih vescksedhd gs ck`sth`tg y skik dgpg`dg dg ih tgapgrhturh y prgseó`. Sg dgle`g ih vescksedhd ckak ih prkpegdhd qug teg`g` iks liuedks dg klrgcgr rgsestg`ceh hi akveaeg`tk rgihtevk dg sus akiåcuihs. Thabeå` sg sugig dgle`er ih vescksedhd ckak u`h prkpegdhd dg iks liuedks qug chush lrecceó`. Ih vescksedhd de`èaech gs ih prkpegdhd dg iks liuedks qug sg chrhctgrezh pkr su rgsestg`ceh h liuer, dgbedh hi rkzhaeg`tk g`trg sus akiåcuihs. G` gi Sestgah E`tgr`hcek`hi sg aedg g`  phschigs/sgou`dk, pgrk ih u`edhd aès uteiezhdh gs gi cg`tepkesg (cps), gquevhig`tg gqu evhig`tg h 8a^h/s. Ih vescksedhd ce`gaètech gs gi ckceg`tg g`trg vescksedhd de`èaech y dg`sedhd, y sg aedg g` cg`testkfgs.

 

Ckak ih vescksedhd dgpg`dg dg ihs lugrzhs e`tgrakigcuihrgs y gsths sg akdelech` ck` ih tgapgrhturh ih vescksedhd dg u` iáquedk thabeå` vhráh ck` ih tgapgrhturh. Gi vescksáagtrk dg Kstwhid gs u` hphrhtk rgihtevhag`tg seapig phrh agder vescksedhd. G` u` gxpgreag`tk gxpgr eag`tk tápeck sg rgoestrh gi tegapk dg liujk, t, dg u` vkiuag` dhdk \ (g`trg ihs ahrchs h y b) h trhvås dg u` tubk chpeihr dg ik`oetud I bhjk ih e`liug`ceh dg ih orhvgdhd.

EE. 

KBJGTE\KS 

○  Kbjgtevk Og`grhi.  ✓ 

Dgtgrae`hr gxpgreag`thiag`tg ih vescksedhd dgi houh y dg gth`ki.  

○  Kbjgtevk gspgcáleck.  ✓ 

Rgihcek`hr gi tegapk y ih vescksedhd. 

✓ 

Wteiezhr dg ah`grh hdgcuhdh gi vescksáagtrk dg Kstwhid.  

✓ 

Dgtgrae`hr ih eapkrth`ceh dg ih vescksedhd dg iks iáquedks, phrh shbgr ih liuedgz dg giihs. 

EEE. 

LW@DHAG@TK TGÓRECK 

Ih vescksedhd gs ik ck`trhrek dg ih liuedgz, og`grhiag`tg sg dgle`g ckak rgsestg`ceh hi liujk6 iks iáquedks pugdg` liuer, gs dgcer dgspihzhrsg u`h pkrceó` rgspgctk h ktrh. Ihs lugrzhs dg ckmgseó` g`trg akiåcuihs kreoe`h` u`h rgsestg`ceh e`tgr`h h gstg dgspihzhaeg`tk rgihtevk dg`kae`hdk vescksedhd. Sg iihah vescksedhd k lrkthaeg`tk e`tgr`k h ih rgsestg`ceh gxpgreag`thdh pkr u`h pkrceó` dg u` iáquedk cuh`dk sg dgsiezh skbrg ktrh ckak ck`sgcug`ceh dgi rkzhaeg`tk akigcuihr. G` bhsg hi akdgik ce`åteck akigcuihr, ih vescksedhd dg iks iáquedks desae`uyg cuh`dk huag`th ih tgapgrhturh.

 

Ihs vescksedhdgs dg iks iáquedks sg aedg` ckaú`ag`tg ck` gi vescksáagtrk dg Kstwhid, k phrh iáquedks aès vescksks ck` gi vescksáagtrk dg gslgrh. Ih u`edhd dg vescksedhd gs gi  pkesg (8 o.ca-8. s – 88), ), gs gi aès lhvkrhbig phrh dgtgrae`hr ih vescksedhd dg u` iáquedk pkr ckaphrhceó` ck` ktrk iáquedk cuyh vescksedhd yh gs ck`kcedh y g` ck`decek`gs gxpgreag`thigs edå`techs.

\escksedhd dg iks iáquedks  Ih vescksedhd dg u` iáquedk pugdg sgr dgtgrae`hdk ck` su vgikcedhd dg liujk h trhvås dg u` buibk chpeihr. ^hrh gi vkiuag` (v) dg u` iáquedk qug liuyg h trhvås dg u` tubk chpeihr dg rhdek r, ik`oetud I, g` u` tegapk t, bhjk u`h delgrg`ceh dg prgseó` ^6 su vescksedhd @ gs gxprgshdh agdeh`tg ih gcuhceó` dg ^kesgueiig:  @ 1 (^)(ώ)(r)(t) (^)(ώ)(r)(t) / =vI 

Se ihs deag`sek`gs dgi chpeihr y gi vkiuag` dgi iáquedk qug liuyg sk` ck`sth`tgs, ck`sth `tgs, g`tk`cgs  phrh dks iáquedks, u`k dg giiks gi dg rglgrg`ceh, rglgr g`ceh, sg teg`g: `8/`218t8/2t2 Dk`dg ihs prgsek`gs sk` prkpkrcek`higs h ih dg`sedhd. Gsth gcuhceó` gs ih bhsg dgi vescksáagtrk dg Kstwhid. Hdgaès: ○  `8 y `2: vescksedhd dg iks iáquedks 8 y 2   ○ 



8 y 2: dg`sedhd dg iks iáquedks 8y 2 

○  t8 y t2: tegapks dg gscurreaeg`tk dg iks iáquedks   ○  (8): houh 

 

E\. 

AHTGREHIGS U AGTKDKS 

h)  Skpkrtg u`evgrshi

W` skpkrtg dg ihbkrhtkrek k skpkrtg u`evgrshi gs u`h pegzh dgi gquephaeg`tk dgi  gquephaeg`tk dg ihbkrhtkrek  agdeh`tg dkbigs dk`dg sg  dkbigs sujgth` `ugcgs. Servg ihs pe`zhs ihs pe`zhs dg ihbkrhtkrek, ihbkrhtkrek, agdeh`tg `ugcgs.  Servg phrh dgtg`gr  tubks  tubks dg g`shyk, burgths, g`shyk,  burgths, gabudks  gabudks dg leitrhceó`, crebh leitrhceó`, crebh dg dgch`thceó` k gabudks k gabudks dg dgch`thceó`,  dgch`thceó`,  gtc.

c)  \escksáagtrk dg Kstwhid

Gi vescksáagtrk Kstwhid bhsh su lu`cek`haeg`tk g` agder gi tegapk qug u` liuedk thrdh g` rgckrrgr ih desth`ceh g`trg ihs dks ahrchs dg u` tubk gspgcehiag`tg

b) \hsks prgcepethdks prgcepethdks  

W` vhsk dg prgcepethdk gs u` rgcepeg`tg ceiá`dreck dg vedrek bkrkseiechthdk le`k qug sg uteiezh auy ckaú`ag`tg g` gi ihbkrhtkrek, skbrg tkdk, phrh prgphrhr k chig`thr susth`cehs, agder k trhsphshr iáquedks. Gs ceiá`dreck ck` u` lk`dk pih`k6 sg ig g`cug`trh dg vhrehs chphcedhdgs, dgsdg 8>> ai mhsth dg vhreks ietrks. 

d) Crk`óagtrk Crk`óagtrk  

Rgikj dg orh` prgceseó` qug pgraetg agder e`tgrvhiks dg tegapk auy pgqugøks, mhsth lrhccek`gs dg sgou`dk. 

 

 

g) Tgraóagtrk E`struag`tk qug servg phrh agder ih tgapgrhturh6 gi aès mhbetuhi ck`sestg g` u` tubk chpeihr dg vedrek cgrrhdk y tgrae`hdk g` u` pgqugøk dgpósetk qug ck`teg`g u`h cegrth ch`tedhd dg agrcurek k hickmki.

l) Iáquedks: hickmki y houh

 

 

\. 

RGSWITHDKS

Sg pugdg dgcer qug, hi rghiezhr ih gxpgreg`ceh, iks rgsuithdks kbtg`edks dgaugstrh` qug h ahykr tgapgrhturh gi liuedk sg ckapkrth ag`ks vescksk, dgakstrh`dk qug h ahykr tgapgrhturh gi liuedk sg dgakrh ag`ks tegapk g` dgscg`dgr g` gi vescksáagtrk dg Kstwhid, ik qug qugdh eiustrhdk g` gi orhleck yh akstrhdk, ckak vhráh` ihs pg`deg`tgs g`trg chabek dg tgapgrhturh y tgapgrhturh. Cuhdrk `¾ 8: ’vescksedhd dg iáquedks‑ 

 

  `8(T)(cp)   `2(gxp)(cp)   `2(T)(cp)

T8"

T2"

23 4>