Practica de Laboratorio Nº3

 

\[JHSFHJ CM DJKN[JSN[FN @¹8 GM@ÆSFHJ V SF\FBFHJHFØ@ CM G[]\NX XJ@G]Ï@MNX

\[MXM@SJCN \N[9 MDFJ@J \JS[FHFJ J[SMJGJ J[SMJGJ OJ[FJ @MDV J[SMJGJ GJDF@CN  @FCFJ D]Y IFOM@MY OJCM[J VMFXF MXSAM[ \[FNDN DN\MY EJ[M@ DN[M@J RFDDMGJX AM[@J@CMY

\[MXM@SJCN J9 DFH. ON@FHJ OJ[SF@MY GM[OJ@

]@FRM[XFCJC CM HØ[CNKJ BJH]DSJC CM MC]HJHFØ@ V HFM@HFJX A]OJ@JX DFHM@HFJS][J M@ HFM@HFJX @JS][JDMX V MC]HJHFN@ JOKFM@SJD ON@SM[ÏJ ; [/ Xustj`hfj prncuhfcj pnr md nrgj`fson kjin dj jhhfø` prmvfj cm u` j`tïgm`n y qum tfm`m dj  prnpfmcjc cm rmjhhfn`jr mspmhïbfhjom`tm, m` vfvn m f` vftrn, hn` md j`tïgm`n anondngn. Dns j`tfhumrpns qum sn` pdjsoêtfhns, mstê` ï`tfojom`tm jhnpdjcns hn` f`ou`ngdnkudf`js, y dj rmjhhfø` j`tïgm`n-j`tfhumrpn, f` vftrn, ms u` vjdfnsn oætncn pjrj md cfjg`østfhn cm hfmrtjs m`bmromcjcms f`bmhhfnsjs.

89 ¾M` quæ hn`sfstm u`j rmjhhfø` j`tïgm`j ‘ j`tfhumrpn> [/ ]`j rmjhhfø` j`tïgm`n ‘ j`tfhumrpn, hn`sfstm m` qum dns hnopn`m`tms cmd j`tïgm`ns m`gdnkj`` jd j`tfhumrpn jtjhj`tm, ajstj prncuhfr ntrn j`tfhumrp m`gdnkj j`tfhumrpnn qum `mutrjdfzj jd jbmhtjcn, jbmhtjcn, hjusj`cn jsï su jhhfø` qum jbmhtj jd nrgj`fson jtjhjcn n cn`cm sm sm m`hn`trjkj. Bm`øom`n BNGJHFSNXFX. Hn`trjrrmstj j djs f`bmhhfn`ms n m`bmromcjcms

39 ¾Huêd ms dj fopnrtj`hfj cm dj cmtmrof`jhfø` cm dns grupns sj`guï`mns y su bjhtnr [a, m` u`j trj`sbusfø`> [/ Dj cmtmrof`jhfø` cm dns grupns sj`guï`mns y su rmspmhtfvn bjhtnr [a pjrj jpdfhjr m` u`j trj`sbusfø`, cmtmrof`j`tms bf`ms tmrjpæutfhns5 cmd[a+ hn`nhfofm`tn dns cfbmrm`tmssn` grupns sj`guï`mnspjrj (N,mstj J, Kjhhfø` y JK)hn` y sus cfbmrm`tms bjhtnrms n [a -. cm Dn j`tmrfnr sm cmbf`m hnon HNO\JSFKFDFCJC n F@HNO\JSFKFDFCJC sj`guï`mj y u`j trj`sbusfø` jpdfhjcj mquïvnhjom`tm, hjusjrïj u` cmsjstrm m` omcfhf`j y pjrj dj vfcj cmd jbmhtjcn. \jrj md \jrj mddn dn,, tm rmhum rmhumrc rcnn dj hnopjt hnopjtfk fkfd fdfc fcjc jc cm dn dnss cf cfbm bmrm` rm`tm tmss gr grupn upnss sj sj`gu `guï` ï`mns mns hn` su rmspmhtfvn [a. Grupn N-N+ J--

hnopjtfkdm hn`. \umcm rmhfkfr N–  \umcm rmhfkfr N+ y N–  \umcm rmhfkfr J-- y N– 

 

J+ K-K+ JK JK-JK+

\umcm rmhfkfr J+, J--, N+ y N–  \umcm rmhfkfr K–y N–  \umcm rmhfkfr K+, K--, N+ y N–  \umcm rmhfkfr JK, K--, J- y N–  \umcm rmhfkfr JK--, K--, J– y N–  \umcm rmhfkfr JK+, JK--, K+, K--, J+, J--, N+ y N--.

=9 ¾Huêd ms su grupn cm sj`grm> [/ Of grupn sj`guï`mn, ms J 29 ¾Huêd ms su bjhtnr [a> [/ Of bjhtnr [a, ms @mgjtfvn

79 ¾M` quæ hn`sfstm dj mrftrnkdjstnsfs bmtjd> [/ Dj mrftrnkdjstnsfs bmtjd ms dj hn`smhum`hfj cm dns mokjrjzns m`trm pjcrms qum tfm`m` cfbmrm`tms tfpns cm sj`grm f`hnopjtfkdms, mimopdn9 ojcrm K-- y pjcrm N+ dn qum nhjsfn`j  prnkdmojs cm mvnduhfø` `nrojd m` dns bmtns cmscm cms cm md ofson onom`tn cmd mokjrjzn. Dj mrftnkdjstnsfs, hn`sfstm m` dj prmsm`hfj cm mrftrnkdjstns m` dj sj`grm n juom`tn cm mstjs m` dj omcudj øsmj5 m f`bnroj n f`cfhj u`j m`bmromcjc m` dj sj`grm. [mhnrcmons qum dns mrftrnhftns n gdøkudns rnins sm nrfgf`j` m` dj mvnduhfø` cm dns amonhftnkdjstn qum sn` tfpns cm mrftrnkdjstns

19 ¾Høon pncrïj mvftjrsm> [/ Xm mvft mvftjj sf dj aj ajyy pn pnrr omcf omcfnn cm tr trj` j`sbu sbusf sfn`m n`mss sj`gu sj`guï` ï`mj mjss jc jcmhu mhujc jcjo jom`t m`tmm kf kfm` m` cfjg`nstfhjcjs y jpdfhjcjs j tfmopn hnrrmhtn cmd cmsjrrnddn y mvnduhfø` cmd bmtn.

69 ¾Zuæ suhmcmrïj sf m` u`j trj`sbusfø` sj`guï`mj, sm trj`sbu`cm sj`grm [a+ j u`j pmrsn`j hn` sj`grm tfpn [a -> Mxpdfqum cfbmrm`hfj m`trm jgdutf`jhfø` y hnjgudjhfø`. [/ Xf m` u`j trj`sbusfø` sj`guï`mj sm trj`sbu`cm sj`grm [a+ j u`j pmrsn`j hn` sj`grm cm tfpn [a-, sm nrfgf`j u`j jgdutf`jhfø` cm dj sj`grm m` md sfstmoj sj`guï`mn cmd f`cfvfcun jbmhtjcn. Dj cfbmrm`hfj m`trm jgdutf`jhfø` y hnjgudjhfø`, hn`sfstm qum m` dj :ª nhurrm f`tmr`j y mxtmr`jom`tm mxtmr`j om`tm m` dns ørgj`ns qum hn`bnroj hn`bnroj`` md sfstmoj sfstmoj sj`guï`mn sj`guï`mn (hjpfd (hjpfdjrms, jrms, vm`js, jrtmrfjs y hnrjzø`) bnroj`cn gruons pnr mbmhtns cm dj jgdutf`f`j jgdutf`f`j qum jtjhj j djs kjhtmrfjs y m` djs djs mxpmr mxpmrfm fm`h `hfj fjss cm dj djknr knrjt jtnr nrfn fn55 of ofm` m`tr trjs js qum dj hnjgu hnjgudj djhf hfø` ø` `n ms oês oês qum dj sndfcfbfhjhfø` cm dj sj`grm jd pn`mrsm m` hn`tjhtn hn` md jfrm n prnhmsn n omhj`fson cm amonstjsfj, pnr mimopdn djs sj`jhfø` cm djs amrfcjs n dj qum rmjdfzj m` md djknrjtnrfn huj`cn dm jgrmgjons hnjgudj`tms.

 

Dj hnjgudjhfø` tjokfæ` nhurrm jd f`tmrfnr cm dns vjsns sj`guï`mns, cj`cn dugjr j dj bnrojhfø` cm u`j hjpj cm bfkrf`j qum dns prntmgm jd jcamrfrsm j djs pjrmcms cm dns ofsons.

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