Practica 3 tecnicas de laboratorio

March 7, 2019 | Author: Valeria Santos | Category: Mixture, Distillation, Density, Solution, Crystallization
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INDIC E.

CONTENIDO INTRODUCCIÓN......................................................................................1

COMPETENCIAS A DESARROLLAR:.........................................................2 PROPÓSITO:...........................................................................................2 CONOCIMIENTOS PREVIOS.....................................................................2 MÉTODOS...............................................................................................4 OBJETIVOS............................................................................................16 HIPÓTESIS............................................................................................16 MARCO TEORICO..................................................................................17 PROC PROCED EDIM IMIIENTO ENTOS S DE SEGU SEGURI RID DAD............... AD......... ............ ............ ........... ........... .......... ........ ........ ........ ........ ......17 ..17 EXPERIMENTO 1...................................................................................22 EXPERIMENTO 2:..................................................................................23 EXPERIMENTO 3:..................................................................................23 EXPERIMENTO 4:..................................................................................24 CONCLUSIONES....................................................................................2 CUESTIONARIO....................................................................................27 BIBLIOGRA!"A.......................................................................................2# ANEXOS................................................................................................3$

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INTRODUCCIÓN C%&% C%&% '( )(*+& )(*+&%) %) +,-) +,-)+ +/ / 0-+ 0-+)% )%)) &% &%0% 0%)) (( (( 5( )+(( )+((-/ / 0+ &+85() ' (0( 9/( 0+ +55() )+ 9-5-8( (( )+(( 0-++/+) -%) 0+ 5() &-)&() '( ;9+ 9/() +) %59&+/ ' 0+/)-0(0> +5(-%/ %&9+)%) ' &+85() 0+ (9+0% ( )9) %%-+0(0 +0(0+)> +)> 9-5-8 9-5-8(/0% (/0% 0-++ 0-++/+ /+)) &%0% &%0%)) 0+ )+(( )+((-/ -/>> %/ )9)(/-() 0+ 9)% %-0-(/%.

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0+/%&-/( +5+&+/%) +)%) /% )+ 9+0+/ )+(( +/ )9)(/-() & +5 %% A9> +5 (59&-/-% A5> +5 %,=@+/% O> +5 &+9-% H@ ' +5 (89+ S. L%) +5+&+/%) )+ ++)+/(/ %/ )=&*%5%) +5(-%/(0%) %/ )9 /%&*+. E/ (5@9/%) ()%) )%5% )+ 9-5-8( 5( -&+( 5+( +/ &(')95( ' +/ %%) 9/( &(')95( )+@9-0( 0+ 9/( 5+( &-/)95(. LOS COMPUESTOS L( &('%=( 0+ 5%) +5+&+/%) )+ +/9+/(/ 9/-0%) +/+ )- ' %&(/ 9/ -% 0+ )9)(/-() & +5 (&%/-(% NH3> +5 0-,-0% 0+ (*%/% CO2 ' +5 *-(*%/(% 0+ )%0-% N(HCO3. L%) %&9+)%) )+ ++)+/(/ %/ &95() ;9+ -/59'+/ +5 )=&*%5% 0+5 +5+&+/% ' ( 5( 0++?( 9/ )9*=/0-+ ;9+ -/0-( 5( (/-0(0 0+ +5 @() 0%&)-%> +5 5(/> 5() (&(5@(&() 0+/(5+)> 5%) +9&+)> 5( @()%5-/(> ' +5 (@9( %(*5+. L() &+85() ?%&%@/+() (&*-/ )+ %/%+/ %&% 0-)%59-%/+). P% +5 %/(-%> 9(/0% 5%) %&%/+/+) 0+ 5( &+85( )+ 0-)-/@9+/ ( )-&5+ -)(> +)( )+ 5()-( %&% ?++%@/+(. L() +/)(5(0() ' 5( @(&%5( )%/ ++&5%). O( ((+=)-( 0+ 5() &+85() ?++%@/+() +) ;9+ 5( %%-/ 0+ 5%) %&%/+/+) /% +) 5( &-)&( +/ %0( 5( &9+)(. E+&5% 0+ &+85() ?%&%@/+() R++)%> M()(: E+&5% 0+ &+85() ?++%@/+() E/)(5(0(> P-88(: ¿C("es son "os m!to)os )e sep&r&ci*n )e me%c"&s'

L%) &%0%) 0+ )+((-/ 0+ &+85() )%/ 5%) %+)%) =)-%)> ;9+ 9+0+/ )+(( 5%) %&%/+/+) ;9+ %/%&(/ 9/( &+85(. L( )+((-/ %/)-)+ +/ ;9+ 9/( &+85( )+ )%&++ ( 9/ ((&-+/% ;9+ 5( )+(( +/ 2 % & +/+ 5() & (5 9+% ;9+ )+ 5+ +@(%/ 5() %-+0(0+) &(@/-() ( ( +&+8( ( ((+ &(@/-(&+/+ ( %%) %*+%). E,(-/: S+(( 9/( )9)(/-( ;9+ )+ 9+0+ 0-)%5+ +/ 0%) 0-)%5+/+) +/+ )=> %/ 9/ 0-++/+ @(0% 0+ )%59*-5-0(0. A5 +(5-8( +)() %/+/(-%/+) 0+ +)( )9)(/-( ( (0( 0-)%5+/+ ( 9/( +&+(9( +)+=(> +) %/)(/+.  T(&-8(-/: S+(( 0%) % & +% 9 (% 0+ (@9( +/+ %%) @()+). E/ 5( &('%=( 0+ 5%) ()%) +5 0-)%5+/+ +) 9/ 5=;9-0%> ' +5 )%59% 9+0+ )+ )5-0%> 5=;9-0% % @(). P% ++&5% +5 ++)% +) 9/( 0-)%59-/ ;9+ +)< %/)-9-0( % 0-,-0% 0+ (*%/% )%59% ' (@9( 0-)%5+/+. E5 (@9( 0+ &( +) 9/( 0-)%59-/ ;9+ +)< %&(0( % 0-++/+) )%59%) )5-0%)> -/59'+/0% +5 5%9% 0+ )%0-% ' 0-)-/() )(5+)> +/ (@9(> ;9+ +) 9/ 0-)%5+/+. T(&*-/ )+ 9+0+ -/59- 0-)%59-%/+) +/ +)(0% )5-0%. O% ++&5% +) +5 5(/ ;9+ +) 9/( 0-)%59-/ )5-0( ;9+ %/-+/+ 0%) &+(5+)> %*+ ' 8-/. E5 )-&5+ ?+?% 0+ ;9+ 5( &('%=( 0+ +)%) %+)%) ;9=&-%) +/@(/ 9/ 9+)% +/ )%59-/> ?(+ 0+5 +)90-% 0+ 5() )%59-%/+) 0+ 5( -&%(/+ )-%;9=&-(.  T-%) 0+ )%59-%/+): S%59-/ I/)(9(0(: E/ +)(> 5( (/-0(0 0+ )%59% 0-)9+5% +) -/+-% +/ 5( ;9+ -/0-( )9 )%59*-5-0(0. A;9= )+ +%/%+ +,+-&+/(5&+/+ ((0-/0%5+ 9/( +;9+( (/-0(0 0+ )%59% ' +)< )+ 0-)%5+ )%/ +/ 5() ;9+ )9 %&%)--/ 0+ 5( &9+)( +) 0-)-/( 0+ 9/ 9/% ( %%. E)< %&(0( % 0%) % & =)-(&+/+ 0-++/+)> 0-)-*9-0() +/ %&( 0-)-/(. L( &+85( ?++%@/+( )+ 9+0+ )+(( &+ ;9+ )+ 0-++/-(/ +/+ +55%). S+ 9+0+/ 9-5-8( 0-++/+) &%0%) =)-%) (( %0+ )+(( 5%) %&%/+/+) 0+ 9/( &+85( ?++%@/+(> (5@9/%) )%/: 5(-/> 0-)%59-/ ' 0+(/(-/. L() &+85() ?++%@/+() )+ 9+0+/ 0-)-/@9- +/ 9(% -%) 0+ &+85(): C%5%-0+): E) )-/ %)-*-5-0(0 0+ &+85()+ )9) %&%/+/+) ()+ )%5 ' @+. E/+ 5%) %5%-0+) & 5( &('%/+)(> ?9&% 0+ (*(% ' +5 0++@+/+ 0-)9+5% +/ (@9(. 6

S%5: E)(0% 0+ 5( &+85( 0-59-0%> ;9+ /% 55+@( ( )+ 5=;9-0%> %&% +5 ()% 0+ 5() +)9&()> +&()> +. G+5: E)+ +)(0% +) 0+ &('% %?+)-/ ( 5(0% 0+ 5( ()+ )%5> +)( &+85( /% (5(/8( ( )+ 9/ +)(0% )5-0%> % ++&5% 5( (5+(. S9)+/)-%/+): M+85() ?++%@/+() %/)-9-0() % 9/ )5-0% ;9+ )+ 0-)9+5+/ +/ 9/ &+0-% 5=;9-0%. E&95)-%/+): !%&(0( % 0%) ()+) 5=;9-0() -/&-)-*5+). E5 0- ()(/0% 0+ /9+% ( 5=;9-0% +/ 9/ &((8 0-)-/% (5 0+ 0+)-5(-/. 2 E(%(-/.

7

C%/)-)+ +/ (5+/( 5( &+85( ?()( +5 9/% 0+ +*955--/ 0+ 9/% 0+ 5%) %&%/+/+)> ' 0+(5% ?+- ?()( ;9+ )+ +(%+ %(5&+/+. E)+ &%0% )+ +&5+( )- /% +/+&%) -/+) +/ 9-5-8( +5 %&%/+/+ +(%(0%. L%) %%) %&%/+/+) ;9+0(/ +/ +5 +/()+. U/ ++&5% 0+ +)% )+ +/9+/( +/ 5() S(5-/(). A55= )+ 55+/(/ +/%&+) +&*(5)+) %/ (@9( 0+ &(> ' 5%) 0+(/ % &+)+)> ?()( ;9+ )+ +(%( +5 (@9(> ;9+0(/0% ()= 9/ &(+-(5 )5-0% ;9+ %/-+/+ /9&+%)() )(5+) (5+) %&% 5%9% 0+ )5-0%> 0+ %()-%> + 3 C+/-9@(-/. E) 9/ %+0-&-+/% ;9+ )+ 9-5-8( 9(/0% )+ ;9-++ (+5+( 5( )+0-&+/(-/. S+ %5%( 5( &+85( 0+/% 0+ 9/( +/-9@(> 5( 9(5 -+/+ 9/ &%-&-+/% 0+ %(-/ %/)(/+ '  5%@ 0+ &(/+( ;9+ 5() (=95() 0+ (@9( (0?+-0() ( 5( %( 09(/+ )9 5((0%> )(5+/ +,+0-0() % 5%) %--%) 0+5 (&*%. 4 L+-@(-/. S+ 9-5-8( 9/( %-+/+ 0+ (@9( ;9+ (()( 5%) &(+-(5+) & ;9+ ( /-+5 )9+-(5> )+ 9+0+/ 0( +/+ 0-++/+) +)+-+) ;9=&-(). E/ 5( %&(%@(=( 0+ @()+)> 5( &+85(> 0-)9+5( % /%> +) (/)%(0( % 5( -&+( +)+-+ ;9=&-( )%*+ 5( )+@9/0(> ;9+ )+ +/9+/(/ -/&-5 %&(/0% 9/ 5+?% % (&-/%. A&*%) &(+-(5+) 9-5-8( +5 9-0% (/)%(0%)> (( ()5(0(5%) ?()( +5 /(5 0+5 (&-/% ' +5 %&9+)% -/&-5 (( ;9+ )+ ;9+0+/ (0?+-0%) ( )9 )9+-+. 7 C%&(%@(=( +/ P(+5. S+ 9-5-8( &9?% +/ *-%;9=&-(> +) 9/ %+)% 0%/0+ +5 (*)%*+/+ 5% %/)-9'+ 9/ (+5 0+ !-5%. U/( +8 %-0% +5 0-)%5+/+ )+ +-( +5 (+5 ' )+ 0+( )+(> )+ (( %/ 9/ +(-% ;9=&-% %/ +5 / 0+ %0+ ++5( 5() &(/?(). E/ 5( %&(%@(=( 0+ @()+)> 5( &+85(> 0-)9+5( % /%> +) (/)%(0( % 5( -&+( +)+-+ ;9=&-( )%*+ 5( )+@9/0(> ;9+ )+ +/9+/(/ -/&-5 %&(/0% 9/ 5+?% % (&-/%. A&*%) &(+-(5+) 9-5-8( +5 9-0% (/)%(0%)> (( ()5(0(5%) ?()( +5 /(5 0+5 (&-/% ' +5 %&9+)% -/&-5 (( ;9+ )+ ;9+0+/ (0?+-0%) ( )9 )9+-+.  D+(/(-/. C%/)-)+ +/ )+(( &(+-(5+) 0+ 0-)-/( 0+/)-0(0. S9 9/0(&+/% +) ;9+ +5 &(+-(5 & 5( &+85(> 0-)9+5( % /%> +) (/)%(0( % 5( -&+( +)+-+ ;9=&-( )%*+ 5( )+@9/0(> ;9+ )+ +/9+/(/ -/&-5 %&(/0% 9/ 5+?% % (&-/%. A&*%) &(+-(5+) 9-5-8( +5 9-0% (/)%(0%)> (( ()5(0(5%) ?()( +5 /(5 0+5 (&-/% ' +5 %&9+)% -/&-5 (( ;9+ )+ ;9+0+/ (0?+-0%) ( )9 )9+-+. # T(&-8(0%. C%/)-)+ +/ )+(( (=95() )5-0() 0+ (9+0% ( )9 (&(%. P %5%(0%) +/ %&( %/)+9-(> +/ %0+/ 0++-+/+> 0+ (9+0% (5 (&(% 0+ 5%) %--%). E) 0+-> 5%) 0+ %--%) & '( ;9+ %0=(/ ?(*+)+ %/(&-/(0%> ' +@+)(5%) %0=( %/(&-/( 5( %(5-0(0 0+5 )9&-/-)%. P(( +-( 5( %/(&-/(-/> 5%) @%+%) ' -+() /% 0+*+/ )+ %5%(0%) 0-+(&+/+ +/ ()%) 0+ +(-%). E/ )9 59@(> 9/ )9&-/-)% 0+ 5( )9)(/-( ;9=&-( 0+*+ )+ %5%(0% +/ 9/ ()% 0+ +--(0%) +;9+% (( +5 9)% %/ 9/ @%+% % -+(.

L() (() % (%/+) 0+ 5() *%+55() 0+ +(-% /% )+ 0+*+/ %5%( )%*+ 9/( &+)( 0+ 5(*%(%-%> &-+/() ;9+ 9/ %09% ;9=&-% +)< )-+/0% )((0%. C9(/0% )+ -++ 9/ 5=;9-0% +(-%> )+ 0+*+ &(/+/+ 5( *%+55( 0+ &%0% ;9+ 5( +-;9+( +) +/ 5( (5&( 0+ 9 &(/%> ()=  %&% (( +-( ;9+ 5( +-;9+( )+ 0(+ )- (5@/ %09% ;9=&-% @%+( % +5 5(0% 0+ 5( *%+55(. A5 0-59- 9/ )-+&+ )+ 0+*+ ((0- 5+/(&+/+ +5 % ++&5%: &+0-(&+/%)> (+-+ %/ (@9(> +.

DECANTACIÓN: E) 9/ &%0% 9-5-8(0% (( )+(( 9/ )5-0%> 0+ @(/% @9+)% + -/)%59*5+> 0+ 9/ 5=;9-0%. C%/)-)+ +/ +)+( ;9+ )+ )+0-&+/+ +5 )5-0% (( %0+ (-( +5 5=;9-0% +/ %% +--+/+. ,ILTRACIÓN: C%/ +)+ &%0% )+ 9+0+ )+(( 9/ )5-0% -/)%59*5+ 0+ @(/% +5(-(&+/+ /% 0+ 9/ 5=;9-0%. E/ +)+ &%0% +) -/0-)+/)(*5+ 9/ &+0-% %%)% 0+ 5(-/ ;9+ 0+( ()( +5 5=;9-0% ' +-+/+ +5 )5-0%. L%) 5%) & +0+) &+ *( 0+ ()*+)%> *( 0+ -0-%> (5@%0/ *() +@+(5+) ' -+() +)+-(5+).

CENTRI,U6ACIÓN: E) 9/ &%0% 9-5-8(0% (( )+(( 9/ )5-0% -/)%59*5+ 0+ @(/% &9' /% ' 0+ 0-=-5 )+0-&+/(-/ 0+ 9/ 5=;9-0%. E)( %+(-/ )+ 55+( ( (*% +/ 9/ (((% 55(&(0% +/=9@(> +/ +5 ;9+ (9&+/( 5( 9+8( @(-(-/ %%(/0% 5( )+0-&+/(-/ 0+5 )5-0%. E5 5()&( 0+ 5( )(/@+ 9+0+ )+(()+ % +)+ &%0%. TAMI5ACIÓN: C%/)-)+ +/ )+(( 9/( &+85( 0+ &(+-(5+) )5-0%) 0+ (&(%) 0-++/+). E) +)+ ()% )+ ?(+ ()( 5( &+85( ( () 0+ 9/ (&-8 %5(0% % +0(8% ;9+ +&-+ +5 ()% 0+5 &(+-(5 & @(/%) 0+ 0-++/+) (&(%)> ' %() &+85(). SU/LIMACIÓN: M%0% 9-5-8(0% +/ 5( )+((-/ 0+ )5-0%)> (%+?(/0% ;9+ (5@9/% 0+ +55%) +) )9*5-&(*5+> ()( 0+ &(/+( 0-+( 0+5 +)(0% )5-0% (5 @()+%)% % -/+&+/% 0+ +&+(9(. IMANTACIÓN:  C%/ +)+ &%0% )+ (%+?( 5( %-+0(0 0+ (5@/ &(+-(5 (( )+ ((=0% % 9/ (&% &(@/-%. L%) &(+-(5+) +%)%) 9+0+/ )+ )+((0%) 0+ %%) %&%/+/+) % &+0-% 0+ 9/ +5+%-& (( )9 ((&-+/% %)+-%. DI,ERENCIA DE SOLU/ILIDAD: P+&-+ )+(( )5-0%) 0+ 5=;9-0%) % 5=;9-0%) 0+ 5=;9-0%) (5 %/(% %/ 9/ )%5+/+ ;9+ )+5+-%/( 9/% 0+ 5%) %&%/+/+) 0+ 5( &+85(. E)+ %&%/+/+ +) )%59*5+ +/ +5 )%5+/+ (0+9(0% ' +) (()(0% (( 5( )+((-/ '( )+( % 0+(/(-/> 5(-/ (%-8(-/> 0+)-5(-/> +.> 0+ % ++&5%> )- ;9++&%) )+(( 5( )(5 0+5 (@9( 0+ &(. H(' ;9+ ?(+ ;9+ +5 0-)%5+/+> +) 0+-> +5 (@9( +(%+ ' 5() (=95() 0+ )5-0% 9+0(/ 9/-)+ 0+ &(/+( %0+/(0(> %&(/0% -)(5+). P(( (-5-( 5( +(%(-/ )+ 9)( 9/ +--+/+ ;9+ +/@( 9/( @(/ )9+-+: )%/ 5%) 55(&(0%) -)(5-8(0%+)> +--+/+) &9' (/?%) ' %( (59(.

22

C-)(5-8(0% DESTILACIÓN: E) 9/ &%0% 0+ )+((-/ 0+ &+85() ?%&%@/+() ;9+ )-+ (( )+(( 5=;9-0%) (%+?(/0% )9) 0-++/+) 9/%) 0+ +*955--/. S+ 9)( &9?% +/ 5( -/09)-( (5%?5-(. S+ (5-+/( 5( &+85( ( )+(( +/ 9/ &((8 0+ 0+)-5(-/ ;9+ +) 9/ +--+/+ +)-% 0+ 9+55% 5(@% ' )(5-0( 5(+(5 (( (%+). E5 5=;9-0% ;9+ -+/+ 9/ 9/% 0+ +*955--/ &+/% %&-+/8( ( +(%( ()(/0% % +5 9*% 0+ +-@+(-/ 0%/0+ )+ ( %/0+/)(/0% +)+ 5=;9-0% 0+)-5(0% )+ ( +%@-+/0% +/ 9/ &((8. E5 &%/(+ +,+-&+/(5 )+=( +)+: CROMATO6RA,7A: S+ *()( +/ 5( )+((-/ 0+ 5%) %&%/+/+) 0+ 9/( &+85( *() %&% (+5 (*)%*+/+ % 9/( %59&/( 0+ +55+/%.

C%&(%@(=( CANT. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1

DESRIPCIÓN DEL MATERIAL

REACTIVOS

 Anillo metálico Balanza Cubos metálicos y madera Espátula Equipo de destilación Matraz Erlenmeyer 25M! Mechero %robeta de 1 m! %robeta de 1 m! %apel #iltro (oporte )ni*ersal +ela,Malla de alambre con asbesto -asos de precipitado de 5 m! -aso de precipitado de 1 m! -asos de precipitado de 25 m!

Agua destilada Alcohol Cloruro de sodio

"e#resco de cola $ Arena $ "egla $ 2%lumones &de agua' de di#erente color $

*Material proporcionado Por el alumno

23

DESARROLLO EXPERIMENTAL. E8PERIMENTO 9. 1. C%5%( 5() +5() 0+ +*955--/ +/ +5 &((8 *(5/. 2. C%5%( (%,-&(0(&+/+ 1$$ &L 0+ ++)% 0+ %5(. C%/ ('90( 0+5 +&*90% 3. C(5-+/( +5 &((8 *(5/ ?()( ;9+ +&-++ ( +*955- ' %*)+(. 4. M-0+ +5 %59&+/ +9+(0% +/ +5 &((8 E5+/&+'+

(/)9-0%

1$ &-/9%). . N% -+)> /- %&+) +5 ++)% +)(/+ )+< -5 (( +5 +,+-&+/% 3. NOTA: R+9+0( ;9+ +)< %?-*-0% -/@+- *+*-0() 0+/% 0+5 5(*%(%-%. S-+&+ -+/+ ;9+ ?(*+ (@9( +/ &%-&-+/% +/ +5 +-@+(/+.

E8PERIMENTO : 1. P+(( 9/( &+85( %/ $.1 @ 0+ %0% '  @ 0+ (+/( +/ 9/ ()% 0+ +--(0% 0+ 2$ &L. 2. C(5-+/( % 2&-/9%) 5( &+85( 9*-+/0% +5 ()% %/ 9/(  )+ 9-5-8( +5 &%0% 0+ 0+(/(-/ %&% -&+( /-( ' ()= )+ )+( (+ 0+ 5( (+/( ( 5( 0+5 (@9( ' )(5.

E8PERIMENTO =: 1. T(8( )%*+ 0%) -() 0+ (+5 5% 9/( 5=/+( %/ 5 +-( +5 (+5 5% 0+5 ()% ' &-0+ 5( 0-)(/-( ;9+ +%- 5( -/(. 4. C%&(( +5 -+&% ' 5( 0-)(/-( 0+ +%-0% 0+ 5( -/( %/ (&*%) )%5+/+).

E8PERIMENTO >: 1. P+)( +5 9*% 0+5 &(+-(5 ;9+ )+ + %%-%/ ' +@-)( 9 &+0--/. 2. E/ 9/( %*+( 0+ 1$$ &5> &-0+ $ &5 0+ (@9( 0+)-5(0(. 3. I/%09+ +5 9*% +/ 5( %*+( ' &-0+ +5 %59&+/ 0+)5(8(0%. 2

CONCLUSIONES.

CUESTIONARIO. 1. I0+/-( +5 %&9+)% ' 5( &+85( +/ +5 +,+-&+/%: 2. F9 /-( 0+ )+((-/ 9-5-8()+ +/ 5%) +,+-&+/%) 1 ' 2 ' % ;9 E/ +5 +,+-&+/% 1 9-5-8(&%) 5( /-( 0+

0+)-5(-/ '( ;9+ )+

+;9-( )+( +) +5 %+0-&-+/% & %/)( 0+ 0%) ()+): +/ 5( -&+(> +5 5=;9-0% ()( ( (% ' +/ 5( )+@9/0( +5 (% )+ %/0+/)(> ()(/0% 0+ /9+% ( 5=;9-0% +/ 9/ &((8 0-)-/% (5 0+ 0+)-5(-/. E/ +5 +,+-&+/% 2 9-5-8(&%) 5( /-( 0+ 0+(/(-/ '( ;9+ /++)-(&%) )+0-&+/( 9/( )9) )9)(/-( ' 0+) 9+) 9-5-8(&%) 5( /-( 0+ (%-8(-/ (( +/+ 5( )9)(/-( 0+ 5( )(5. 26

3. F9 (&*-%) 0+ +)(0% )+ +)+/(%/ +/ (0( 9/% 0+ 5%) +,+-&+/%) E,+-&+/% 1: 5-;9-0%> @()+%)% E,+-&+/% 2: (%-8(-/> 5-;9-0%> )%5-0% E,+-&+/% 4: 5-;9-0% E,+-&+/% : )%5-0% . D++&-/( 5( 0+/)-0(0 0+5 9*%> %&(( 9 +)95(0% %/ +5 0+ 5( *-*5-%@(=( + -0+/-( %/ ;9 +5+&+/% (*(()+. M&teri&". P"(stico /ronce.

M&s&. 1.2 @. . @. 6. @.

vo"men 1 &5. 1 &5. $. &5.

Densi)&). $.$232. @Q &5. $.1666 @Q &5. $.1346 @Q &5.

6. E,5-( 5% ;9+ %*)+()+ +/ +5 %+)% 0+ 0+)-5(-/. E/ +5 %+)% 0+ 0+)-5(-/ )+ %*)+ ;9+ L( 0+)-5(-/ +) 5( %+(-/ 0+ )+((> %&/&+/+ &+0-(/+ (5%> 5%) 0-++/+) %&%/+/+) 5=;9-0%) 0+ 9/( &+85(> (%+?(/0% 5%) 0-++/+) 9/%) 0+ +*955--/ +&+(9() 0+ +*955--/ 0+ (0( 9/( 0+ 5() )9)(/-() ( )+((. L( 0+)-5(-/ )+ 0( +/ %&( /(9(5 0+*(% 0+5 9/% 0+ +*955--/ 59+@% )+ %/0+/)( %&(/0% /9*+) ' /(5&+/+ 559++. E) 0+- +) 9/ %+)% ;9+ %/)-)+ +/ (5+/( 9/ 5=;9-0% ?()( ;9+ )9) %&%/+/+) & R.> F9=&-( E0. M G( H-55 1## W%%0+50> B-(/ !.> L(*%(%-% V-9(5 0+ F9=&-( G+/+(5> 3.



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