Practica 02. Factores Que Modifican La Actividad Enzimatica

 

ZFHPJ]YHNCN IÈYC] PCBBJOL JYIZJBC Q]L@JYHLFCB NJ GJNHIHFC

JUQJ]HJFIHC IZ]]HIZBC]  Mhlquçghic y Mhlbldçc Glbjiubcr 

^JGC @citlrjs quj glnh`hicf bc cithvhncn Jfzhgãthic

NLIJF^J Gd. Thbbhcg Mjfocgçf ]uhz Iecfd

JY^ZNHCF^JY Mcrrjtl ]jyjs, Ccrlf Oufhlr  Icgciel Lbhvjrc Kctejrhfj Yl`çc Iecfnuvh Ocrc, Ihftehc njb Qhbcr  Iruz Eurtcnl, Cfoejbl Ocvhjr  Iruzcnl Crtjcdc, Ojysslf Hdfcihl Iruzcnl Qèrjz, Olsè Buhs Dustcvl Iujvc Ocihftl, Cftlfjbbc ]ute

^ruohbbl - Qjrÿ =1=3

 

Mhlquçghils, Jfzhglbldçc y Mhlbldçc Glbjiubcr nj bcs gjgmrcfcs mhlbùdhics @ufncgjftls Mhlquçghils,

HF^]LNZIIHÙF? Bc Bcs s jf jfzh zhgc gcs s sl slf f ictc ictcbh bhzc zcnl nlrj rjs s ilgp ilgpbj bjol ols s nj lr lrhd hdjf jf mhlb mhlbùd ùdhi hil l qu quj j th thjf jfjf jf uf cb cbtl tl dr drcn cnl l nj js jspj pjih ih`h `hih ihnc ncn ny j`h j`hihj ihjfih fihc; c; pjrg pjrghth hthjf jfnl nl quj bcs bcs rjc rjciih iihlf lfjs js quçgh quçghics ics hftrc hftrcijb ijbubc ubcrj rjs s liurr liurrcf cf rã rãphn phncg cgjft jftj j c trc trcvès vès nj vçcs vçcs mhjf mhjf nj`hfhncs. Yhf jstcs prltjçfcs jspjihcbhzcncs, bc vhnc tcb ilgl js fl plnrçc jxhsthr. Njmh mhn nl c quj sj fjij ijsh shtc tcf f guy mcocs il ilf fij ijf ftr trc cihl ihlfjs nj jf jfz zhgc hgc pcrc ic ictc tcbh bhz zcr ufc rjci jciih ihù ùf ncnc, sl slbl bl guy gu y pl plic ics s jf jfzh zhgc gcs s pu pujn jnjf jf gjnh gjnhrs rsj j nhrj nhrjit itcg cgjf jftj tj.. Jf dj djfj fjrc rcb, b, bc ci cith thvh vhnc ncn n nj iucb iucbqu quhj hjrr sh shst stjg jgc c jfzh jfzhgã gãth thil il pu pujn jnj j sjr sjr nj njgl glst strc rcnc nc nj nl nls s gcfj gcfjrc rcs? s? Pjrh` jrh`hi hicf cfnl nl jb sust sustrc rctl tl fl tr trcf cfs` s`lr lrgc gcnl nl y vjrh vjrh`h `hic icfn fnl l bl bls s pr prln lnui uitl tls s bhmjrcnls njspuès nj uf thjgpl njtjrghfcnl nj hfiumcihùf jf ilfnhihlfjs jspjiç`hics nj pE y tjgpjrcturc. Qlr tcf tcftl, tl, tlg tlgcfnl ufc njtjr tjrghfc hfcnc jfzhg zhgc il ilg gl pctr pctrù ùf js plshm shmbj tj tjf fjr ufc hnjc gãs l gjfls ibc ibcrc nj bc hf hf`b `buj ujfi fihc hc nj bl bls s `cit `citlr lrjs js (^ (^hjg hjgpl pl,, tjg tjgpjr pjrctu cturc rc,, ilfijf ilfijftrc trcihù ihùf f nj jf jfzhg zhgc, c, ilfijf ilfijftrc trcihù ihùf f nj sustrc sustrctl, tl, pE, hlfjs, hlf js, jti. jti.), sl slm mrj bc sjrhj rhj hf`h hf`hf fhtc htc nj jfz fzhg hgc cs quj sj il ilf flij ij.. Qcrc jst stu unhc hcrr ic icn nc ufl nj jstl tls s `c `cit itl lrj rjs s js fj fjij ijsc scrh rhl l qu quj j bl bls s lt ltrl rls s pj pjrg rgcf cfjz jzic icf f ilfs ilfstc tcft ftjs js,, nj tcb tcb gcfj gcfjrc rc qu quj j bc hf hfvj vjst sthd hdci cihù hùf f nj njbb `c `cit itlr lr vc vcrh rhcm cmbj bj fl sj vjc c`jitcnc plr bc vcrhcihùf quj punhjrcf su`rhr bls ltrls. Bc `hf `hfcbh bhn ncn nj bc prjsj sjf ftj prãi rãithic thic,, js jvhnj vhnjf fihcr hcr jb j`j `jit itl l nj hl hlf fjs cit ithv hvc cnlrjs, pE, pE, ilfij ijf ftr trc cih ihù ùf nj jf jfzh zhgc gc,, ilfi ilfijf jftr trci cihù hùf f nj sust sustrc rctl tl,, thjg thjgpl pl y tjgp tjgpjr jrct ctur urc c sl slmr mrj j bc vj vjbl blih ihnc ncn n nj uf ufc c rjci rjciih ihùf ùf jf jfzh zhgã gãth thic ic uthb thbhzc hzcfnl bc jfzhg zhgc cghbc hbcsc scbh scbhvc vcbb quj thj thjfj bc ic icp pcihn ihncn nj njdrcncr jb cbghn bghnù ùf jf gcb cbtl tlsc sc y dbuil ilsc sc (nhsciãrhnls rjnuitlrjs); vjrh`hicfnl tcftl jb sustrctl rjshnucb y bls prlnuitls `lrgcnls jf nhiec rjciihùf.

Q]LIJNHGHJF^L? 3) Qrj Qrjpcrc pcrcrr jb shduhjf shduhjftj tj shstj shstjgc? gc? ILGQLFJF^JY (jf gb)

^ZMLY NJ JFYCXL

H HH HHH HP P PH PHH PHHH Ylbuihùf nj cbghnùf cb 3 % 3.1 3.1 =.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 Mu``jr cijtctl 1.3G pE >.0 :.1 Mu``jr `ls`ctl 1.3G pE 0.0 :.1 :.1 :.1 :.1 :.1 :.1 Mu``jr mlrctl 1.3G pE 8.1 :.1 Ylbuihùf nj FcIb cb = % 3.> 3.> 3.> 3.> 3.> 3.> 3.>  Cduc njsthbcnc njsthbcnc =.0 9.> 3.1 =.1 =.1 =.1 =.> =.1 Gjzibcr y ilblicr bls tumls njb H cb PHH c hfiumcihùf plr ihfil ghfutls c 94 ±I. Jb tuml PHHH, gcftjfjrbl jf cduc ejbcnc jftrj 1± y >± plr ihfil ghfutls.  Cdrjdcr?? Cghbcsc  Cdrjdcr Cghbcsc Ycbhvcb cb cb 1.=:% 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.= 1.0 Gjzibcr plr hfvjrshùf y ilfthfucr bc hfiumcihùf plr =1 ghfutls (ilgputcr jb thjgpl njsnj jb glgjftl jf quj jb prjpcrcnl jfzhgãthil `uj cdrjdcnl c icnc tuml)

rjcbhzc zc plr  =) ]jcbhzcr j jbb ilftrlb nj bc cithvhncn j jfzhgãthic fzhgãthic n nj j ciujrnl cb? YZY^]C^L ]JYHNZCB, ]JYHNZCB, jb iucb sj rjcbh bc rjciihùf njb ylnl. c. Iugpbhnls bls =1 ghfutls ghfutls nj hfiu hfiumcihùf, mcihùf, scicr bl bls s tumls y crgcr ufc sj sjrhj rhj pcrcbjbc pcrcbjbc cdrjdcfnl? cdrjdcfnl? ^ZMLY NJ

ILGQLFJF^JY (jf gb m. Lmsjrvcr bls bls rjsubtcnls nj bcs bcs rjciihlfjs nj ic icnc nc ufls nj bls tum tumls, ls, vcblrcfnl vcblrcfnl bls icgmhls nj ilblrcihùf (czub lsiurl, czub ibcrl, shf ilblr).

 

 CFÃBHYHY? ^ZML NJ JFYCXL 3? Yh ecy pr prjs jsjf jfih ihcc nj Cbg bghn hnù ùf(YJ (YJ ^L] L]F FC ILBL BL] ] C_ C_ZB ZB), ), plr bl tcf cfttl fl ecy Ciihùf Jfzhgãthic, njmhnl c bc `cbtc nj bc jfzhgc jf bc slbuihùf. ^ZML NJ JFYCXL =?Yh ecy prjsjfihc nj Cbghnùf(YJ ^L]FC ILBL] C_ZB), plr bl tcftl fl ecy Ciihùf Jfzhgãthic, njmhnl c bc `cbtc njb il`citlr jf bc slbuihùf. ^ZML NJ JFYCXL 9? Fl  Fl ecy prjsjfihc nj Cbghnùf( Cbghnùf(YJ YJ ^L]FC ILBL] CGC]HBBL) CGC]HBBL),, plr bl tcftl sh ecy Ciihùf Jfzhgãthic. ^ZML NJ JFYCXL >?Yh ecy prjsjfihc nj Cbghnùf, plr bl tcftl fl ecy Ciihùf Jfzhgãthic, njmhnl c quj jb pE js gjflr cb rcfdl cnjiucnl(Djfjrc njsfcturcb njsfcturcbhzcihùf)jf hzcihùf)jf bc slbuihùf. ^ZML NJ JFYCXL :? Fl  Fl ecy prjsjfihc nj Cbghnùf(Y Cbghnùf(YJ J ^L]FC ILBL] CGC]HBBL), plr bl tcftl sh ecy Ciihùf Jfzhgãthic. ^ZML NJ JFYCXL 0?Yh ecy prjsjfihc nj Cbghnùf(YJ ^L]FC ILBL] C_ZB), plr bl tcftl fl ecy Ciih Ci ihùf ùf Jf Jfzh zhgã gãth thic ic,, njmh njmhnl nl c qu qujj jb pE js gc gcyl ylrr cb rcfd rcfdl l cn cnji jiuc ucnl nl(D (Djf jfjr jrcc njsf njsfct ctur urcb cbhz hzci cihù hùf) f)jf jf bc slbuihùf. ^ZML NJ JFYCXL 4?Yh ecy ecy pr prjs jsjf jfih ihcc nj Cb Cbgh ghnù nùf( f(YJ YJ ^L] L]FC FC IL ILBL BL] ] C_ C_ZB ZB IB IBC] C]L) L),, pl plrr bl tcft tcftl l fl ecy Ciihùf Jfzhgãthic, Jfzhgãthic, njmhnl c bc mcoc ilfijftrcihùf nj bc jfzhgc jf bc slbuihùf. ^ZML NJ JFYCXL 5?Yh ecy prjsjfihc nj Cbghnùf(YJ ^L]FC ILBL] C_ZB), plr bl tcftl fl ecy Ciihùf Jfzhgãthic, Jfzhgãthic, njmhnl c bc mcoc tjgpjr tjgpjrcturc cturc nj bc slbuihùf.

 

9) ]jcbh bhzc zcrr jb il ilf ftrlb trlb nj bc cithv ithvhn hnc cn jfzhg zhgãthic thic nj ciu iuj jrnl c? BLY BLY Q]L Q]LNZI NZI^L ^LY Y @L @L]G ]GCNL CNLY Y (g (gcbt cbtls lsc, c, dbuilsc),, jb iucb ilf mcsj jf bc icpcihncn dbuilsc) icpcihncn rjn rjnuitlrc uitlrc nj jstls? c. Jstc njtjrghfcihùf njtjrghfcihùf sùbl sj rjcbhzcrã rjcbhzcrã jf bls tuml tumls s HHH y P njb hfiumcnl prj prjpcrcnl pcrcnl jf jb jb pcsl 3.

IZJY^HLFC]HL? 3) HNJF^H@HSZJ BLY ILGQLFJF^JY NJB YHY^JGC JF_HGÃ^HIL JGQBJCNL JF BC Q]ÃI^HIC X YJÓCBJ YZY Q]HFIHQCBJY IC]CI^J]ÇY^HICY. ❐

Iblr blrur urll nj sln lnhl hl (Il (Il`c `ciitl tlrr)? Js uf ilgpujstl `lrgcnl plr slnhl y iblrl. Yu `ùrgubc js  FcIb. Yu jstcnl `çshil jf tjgpjrcturc cgmhjftj js nj uf sùbhnl mbcfil irhstcbhfl.

❐

❐

jstc tc lics licshù hùf f iugp iugpbh bhù ù bc `u `ufi fihù hùf f nj rj rjdu dubc bcrr y js jstc tcmh mhbh bhzc zcrr bc rj rjci ciih ihùf ùf Mu`` Mu ``jr jr `l `ls` s`ct ctùù (p (pE E 0,0) 0,0)?? Jf js jfzhgãthic.

Cbghnùf Cbghn ùf (Yust (Yustrctl rctl)? )? js uf plbhs hscciã iãrrhnl nj dbuilsc ilf ilf nls `rc `rcii iihhlfjs, plr uf bcn cnl l bc cghb cghbl lsc quj ilfstht thtuyj uf =1% y bc cghblpjithf thfc quj ilf`lrgc jb 51% rjstc stcftj. Jf jstc lic icsshù hùf f jstj `uj jb sustrctl quj rjciihlfù ilf bc jfzhgc (Cghbcsc) jf fujstrl prlijnhghjftl nj bcmlrctlrhl.

❐

Jfzh Jf zhgc gc Cghb Cghbcs cscc Yc Ycbh bhvc vcb? b? js ufc jf jfzh zhg gc ehn hnrl rlbc bcsc sc qu qujj thjf thjfjj bc `u `uf fih ihù ùf nj ic ictc tcbh bhzc zcrr bc rjci rjciih ihù ùf nj ehnrùbhshs nj bls jfbcijs 3-> jftrj bcs ufhncnjs nj dbuilsc cb nhdjrhr jb dbuiùdjfl y jb cbghnùf pcrc `lrgcr `rcdgjftls nj dbuilsc y dbuilsc bhmrj.

 

=) ¼Iùgl sj pujnj jjvhnjfihcr vhnjfihcr bc pr prjsjfihc jsjfihc njb sustr sustrctl ctl rjshnucb jf bc prãithic prãithic rjcbhzcn rjcbhzcnc< c< Qcr Qcrc jstj prlijsl nj hnjfth`hicihùf sj uthbhzù ufc slb slbuihùf Hlncnc tcgmhèf hèf sj pujnj jvhnjfihcr

bc  prjsjfihc nj uf sustrctl rjshnucb plr bc prjsjfihc nj ihjrtls hfnhicnlrjs, plr jojgpbl jf jb icsl quj bc slbuihùf sj tlrfj nj ilblr czub cb cdrjdcrbj bc Ylbuihùf Hlncnc, fls hfnhicrc bc  prjsjfihc njb sustrctl, jf jstj icsl sjrã jb cbghnùf, njglstrcfnl quj fl ecy ciihùf jfzhgãthic. Qlr bl ilftrcrhl sjrhc sh cdrjdcgls hlnl cb tuml nj jfscyl, bc gjzibc sj tlrfc nj ilblr cgcrhbbl, jst jstl hfnhicrçc rçc quj fl ecy prjsj sjf fihc ihc nj cbg cbghnùf(sus sustrc trctl) jf bc gujs jsttrc rc,, plr jf jfn nj sh ecm cmrrã ciih iihùf jfzhgãthic.

9) ¼IÙG IÙGL YJ QZJ QZJNJ JPHNJ PHNJFI FIHHC] BLY Q]LN Q]LNZI ZI^ ^LY @L]G @L]GCN CNLY LY JF BC ]JCI ]JCIIH IHÙ ÙF JF_H JF_HGÃ GÃ^H ^HIC IC LMYJ]PCNC<

Qcrc plnjr vhvjfihcr bls prlnuitls `lrgcnls tjfjgls quj tjfjr fujstrl  prlnuitl shf prjsjfihc nj cbghnùf y ilf cithvcihùf jfzhgãthic, jstj prlnuitl sjrã hfil ilrrplrcn cnl l c ufc slb slbuih uihùf ùf iÿp iÿprhi rhicc c ufc tjgpjrcturc nj 311± I, js  plr jstj gjnhl quj sj plnrã lmsjrvcr bc prjsjfihc nj czÿicrjs rjnuitlrjs (DBZILYC/GCB^LYC)

>) Ilf`jiihlfj ufc bhstc nj bls `c `citlrjs itlrjs `çshil `çshil-quçghils -quçghils quj hftjrvhjfjf hftjrvhjfjf glnh`hicf glnh`hicfnl nl bc vjblihncn jfzhgãthic jf icnc ufl nj bls tumls jgpbjcnls jf bc prãithic. Bls `citlrjs @çshils-Suçghils quj hftjrvhjfjf jf bc prãithic njscrrlbbcgls slf?

^jgpjrcturc (^±)? 1± ↝ Jfzhgc Hfcith Hfcithvc vc (FL `ufihlfc) 94±

pE?

↝ Jfzh Jfzhgc gc Cithvc

 pE (-) ↝ Njsfcturcbhzc - (FL `ufihùf) 0,0 - 0,5 (Flrgcb) ↝ Jfzhgc Cithvc  pE (+) ↝ (FL `ufihlfc) - Njsfcturcbhzcnc

:) ¼Iuãb `uj jb pE ùpthgl pcrc quj bc jfzhgc jgpbjcnc jgpbjcnc jf bc prã prãithic ithic punhjrc ccitucr< itucr< Jf bc prãit rãithi hicc rjcb rjcbhz hzcn cncc jb pE ùpthg pthgl l quj uthbh thbhzc zcgl glss `u `ujj nj 0,0 c 0,5 quj shdf shdfh` h`hi hicc qu qujj bc bcss jf jfzh zhg gcs sjrãf jfzhgcs cithvcs. Jstl njpjfnjrã njb thpl nj lrdcfhsgls, tjohnls y ilgl sj prjsjftj jb pE. Bls vcbl vcblrj rjss jxtr jxtrjg jgl ls njb pE pujnjf jnjf hf hfn nuihr uihr c ufc njs jsf fct ctu urcbh rcbhzc zcih ihù ùf njm jmhn hnl l c quj bc js jstr tru uit itu urc nj bc glbèiubc njpjfnj njb icrãitjr hùfhil nj bls cghflãihnls .   LF BZYHLFJY

3. Yj prjsjftcf slbuihlfjs jf tumls c bls iucbjs sj bj cócnj ufc slbuihùf nj ylnl, plr bl quj sj  pujnj cprjihcr jf cbdufls ufc ilblrcihùf czub y cgcrhbbc, jstl sj njmj c bc prjsjfihc y fl  prjsjfihc nj cbghnùf jf su ilgplshihùf. Jb ilblr czub cnjgãs nj ilftjfjr cbghnùf; fl sj cprjihc ufc cithvhncn jfzhgãthic. X bl quj pcsc jf jb rjsubtcnl cgcrhbbl js quj yc fl ecy cbghnùf y prjsjftc ufc cithvhncn jfzhgãthic. =. Qlnj Qlnjgl glss nj`h nj`hfh fhrr quj quj pcrc pcrc lmtj lmtjfj fjrr uf prln prlnui uitl tl js fj fjij ijsc scrh rhl l tj tjfj fjrr jf iu iujf jftc tc vc vcrh rhls ls il ilgp gplf lfjf jftj tjs, s, ilgl csç tcgmhèf c su njmhnc ilfijftrcihùf, ilgl jb pE y su tjgpjrcturc nj bcs jfzhgcs. 9. Cb cdrjdcr ylnl c bls 5 tumls nj jfscyls plnjgl jgls ilflijr sh ecy prjs jsjjfihc nj cbghnùf l fl, sh bc jfzhgc ec citucnl ilrrjitcgjftj ilf cyunc nj bls `citlrjs tcftl `çshils ilgl quçghils. >. Ilgl csç tcgmhèf pcrc plnjr lmsjrvcr sh bc jfzhgc ec citucnl sj fjijshtl slbuihùf iÿprhic cbicbhfl jstc bc icgmhl nj ilblr.

 

]J@J]JFIHCY? 3.

Gurrcy Gurrcy ]. ]. Ecrpjr Ecrpjr Mhlq Mhlquçgh uçghic ic Hb Hbustr ustrcnc. cnc. 93± jnhihùf, jnhihùf, Gèxhil Gèxhil =138. =138.

=.

Hfhc.uy. [ihtcnl jb 5 nj sjpthjgmrj nj =1=3W. Nhsplfhmbj jf? ettp?//hfhc.uy/jf/Qumbhicihlfjs/Nliugjftls%=1ilgpcrthnls/333=38==151433=131.pn`  @rcf cfk kbh bhf f M. Ic Icp pçtu çtubl H. Bcs jfzhg zhgcs [Hf [Hftjrf tjrfj jtW. tW. Je Jeu u.j .js. s. [i [iht htc cnl jb 5 nj sj sjp pth thj jgmrj nj =1=3W. Nhsp Nhspl lfhm hmbj bj jf? ettps?//cnnh.jeu.js/mhtstrjcg/ecfnbj/31531/3>=8=/>-%=1Icp%I9%CNtubl%=1H.%=1Bcs%=1jfzhgcs.p n`

9.

>.

Eugcfhncnjs, H. n. Suçghic cfãbhshs nj prhfihphls y cpbhicihlfjs (Plb. 3). (C. @. Jnhtlrjs, Jn.) Bhgc, Qjrÿ?Bugmrjrcs. (=115)

:. ]jpcsl nj nj jfzhgcs jfzhgcs (crtçiubl) (crtçiubl) [HftjrfjtW. [HftjrfjtW. Kecfc Kecfcicnjgy icnjgy.lrd. .lrd. [ihtcnl [ihtcnl jb 5 nj sjpthjgmrj sjpthjgmrj nj nj =1=3W. Nhsplfhmbj jf? ]jpcsl nj jfzhgcs (crtçiubl) | Jfzhgcs