PP03_ ASEP_ NSCP 2015 UPDATE ON CH2 MINIMUM DESIGN LOADS.pdf
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UPDATES ON CHAPTER 2 : MINIMUM DESIGN LOADS NATIONAL STRUCTURAL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES NSCP 2015, VOLUME 1
Ronaldo S. Ison, F.ASEP, PP 2002‐2004, FPICE Chancellor, College of Fellows
Significant Changes to Chapter 2 Minimum Design Loads
Load combinations for are changed due to the use of strength‐based wind loading based on ASCE 7‐10 Additional live load designations for parking, garage, and ramp live loading Basic wind speed are revised based on latest studies For communication towers, ANSI TIA/EIA 222G latest edition is fully referenced in the NSCP
Significant Changes to Chapter 2 Minimum Design Loads
Near‐source factors are revised to consider distance to source 0.7 second, else Ft = 0 wx : mass at floor level hx : height of floor from ground level
Earthquake Loads Dynamic Analysis – Response Spectrum
Load Combinations Buildings, towers and other vertical structures and all portions thereof shall be designed to resist the load combinations in NSCP Section 203. The critical effect can occur when one or more of the contributing loads are not acting.
Load Definitions
D = dead load E = earthquake load Em = estimated maximum earthquake force that can be developed in the structure F = load due to fluids with well‐defined pressures and maximum heights H = load due to lateral pressure of soil and water in soil L = live load, except roof live load, including any permitted live load reduction Lr = roof live load, including any permitted live load reduction
Load Definitions
L
= live load, except roof live load, including any permitted live load reduction Lr = roof live load, including any permitted live load reduction R = rain load on the undeflected roof T = self‐straining force and effects arising from contraction or expansion resulting from temperature change, shrinkage, moisture change, creep in component materials, movement due to differential settlement, or combinations thereof W = load due to wind pressure
Load Combinations for RC Design and Steel Design
U = 1.4 (D + F) U = 1.2 (D+ F+T ) + 1.6 (L+H) + 0.5(Lr or R) U = 1.2 D + 1.6 (Lr or R) + (f1L or 0.50 W) U = 1.2 D + 1.0 W + f1 L +0.5 (Lr or R) U = 1.2 D + 1.0 E+ f1 L U = 0.9 D + 1.0 W + 1.6 H U = 0.9 D + 1.0 E + 1.6 H f1 = 1.0 for floors in places of public assembly, for live loads in excess of 4.8 kPa, and for garage live load = 0.5 for other live loads
Load Combination for Strength Design Application of the strength design load combinations that involve the seismic load E for the moment resisting frame Z = 0.4 Ca = 0.44 I = 1.0 ρ = 1.1 f1 = 0.5
Load Combination for Strength Design Beam A‐B and Column C‐D are elements of the special moment‐ resisting frame. Structural analysis has provided the following individual beam moments at A, and the column axial loads and moments at C due to dead load, office building live load, and lateral seismic forces. Dead Load D Live Load L Lateral Seismic Load Eh Beam Moment at A 135 kN‐m 65 kN‐m 165 kN‐m Column C‐D axial load 400 kN 180 kN 490 kN Column Moment at C 55 kN‐m 30 kN‐m 220 kN‐m PROBLEM : Find the strength design moment at beam end A and strength design axial load and moment at column top C.
Load Combination for Strength Design
Strength design moment at beam end A. Determine earthquake load E: The earthquake load E consists of two components as shown below in equation (208‐1). Eh is due to horizontal forces, and Ev is due to vertical forces. E = ρEh + Ev (Section 208‐1) The moment due to vertical earthquake forces is calculated Ev = 0.5CaID = 0.5(0.44)(1.0)(135) = 29.7 kN‐m
Load Combination for Strength Design The moment due to horizontal earthquake forces is given as Eh = 165 kN‐m Therefore = ρEh + Ev = 1.1(165)+29.7 = 211 kN‐m
Load Combination for Strength Design
U = 1.4 (D + F) = 1.4D U = 1.2 (D+ F+T ) + 1.6 (L+H) + 0.5(Lr or R) = 1.2D + 1.6L U = 1.2 D + 1.6 (Lr or R) + (f1L or 0.50 W) = 1.2D + 0.5L U = 1.2 D + 1.0 W + f1 L +0.5 (Lr or R) = 1.2D +0.5L U = 1.2 D + 1.0 E+ f1 L = 1.2D + 1.0E + 0.5L U = 0.9 D + 1.0 W + 1.6 H = 0.9D U = 0.9 D + 1.0 E + 1.6 H = 0.9D +1.0E
Load Combination for Strength Design
Apply earthquake load combinations The basic load combinations for strength design (or LRFD) are given in Section 203.3.1. For this example, the applicable equations are:
1.2D + 1.0E + f1L (Section 203‐5) 0.9D 1.0E (Section 203‐6) Using Equation (203‐5) and Equation (203‐6), the strength design moment at A for combined dead, live, and seismic forces are determined.
MA = 1.2MD +1.0ME + f1ML = 1.2(135)+1.0(211)+0.5(65) = 406 kN‐m
MA = 0.9MD 1.0ME = 0.9(135)1.0(211) = 333 kN‐m or –90 kN‐m Therefore, MA = 406 kN‐m or –90 kN‐m
Load Combination for Strength Design Apply earthquake load combinations, continuation… MA = 0.9MD 1.0ME = 0.9(135) 1.0(211) = 333 kN‐m or –90 kN‐m MA = 1.2MD + 1.6ML = 1.2(135)+1.6(65) = 266 kN‐m Therefore, MA = 406 kN‐m or –90 kN‐m
Strength design axial load and moment at column top C. Determine Earthquake load E: E = ρEh + Ev where
Ev = 0.5CaID = 0.22D for axial load
E = ρEh + Ev = 1.1(490)+0.22(400) = 627 kN for moment
E = ρEh + Ev = 1.1(220)+0.22(55) = 254 kN
Apply Earthquake Load combinations: 1.2D + 1.0E + f1L 0.9D 1.0E
(Section 203‐5) (Section 203‐6)
Design axial force Pc at point C is calculated as Pc = 1.2D + 1.0E + f1L = 1.2(400)+1.0(627)+0.5(180) = 1197 kN
Pc = 0.9D 1.0E = 0.9(400) 1.0(627) = 987 kN‐m or ‐267 kN Therefore, Pc = 1197 kN or –267 kN
Apply Earthquake Load combinations, continued 1.2D + 1.0E + f1L (Section 203‐5) 0.9D 1.0E (Section 203‐6) Design axial force Pc at point C is calculated as Pc = 0.9D 1.0E = 0.9(400) 1.0(627) = 987 kN‐m or ‐267 kN Therefore, Pc = 1197 kN or –267 kN
Design moment Mc at point C is calculated : Mc = 1.2D + 1.0E + f1L = 1.2(55)+1.0(254)+0.5(30) = 335 kN‐m Mc = 0.9D 1.0E = 0.9(55) 1.0(254) = 304 kN‐m or ‐205 kN‐m Therefore, Mc = 335 kN‐m or –205 kN‐m
Note that the column section capacity must be designed for the interaction of Pc = 1197 kN compression and Mc = 335 kN‐m (for dead, live and earthquake), and the interaction of Pc = 267 kN tension and Mc = ‐205 kN‐m (for dead and earthquake).
Design moment Mc at point C is calculated , continued Note that the column section capacity must be designed for the interaction of Pc = 1197 kN compression and Mc = 335 kN‐m (for dead, live and earthquake), and the interaction of Pc = 267 kN tension and Mc = ‐205 kN‐m (for dead and earthquake).
Significant Changes to Chapter 2 Minimum Design Loads
Load combinations for are changed due to the use of strength‐based wind loading based on ASCE 7‐10 Additional live load designations for parking, garage, and ramp live loading Basic wind speed are revised based on latest studies For communication towers, ANSI TIA/EIA 222G latest edition is fully referenced in the NSCP
Significant Changes to Chapter 2 Loads and Actions
Near‐source factors are revised to consider distance to source
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